An investigation into service delivery : a case study of Ezakhe Township, Ladysmith, KwaZulu-Natal
- Authors: Hlophe, Nonjabulo Thobile
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Local government -- South Africa -- KwaZulu Natal , Municipal government -- South Africa -- KwaZulu Natal , Municipal services -- South Africa -- KwaZulu Natal
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: vital:8182 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1463 , Local government -- South Africa -- KwaZulu Natal , Municipal government -- South Africa -- KwaZulu Natal , Municipal services -- South Africa -- KwaZulu Natal
- Description: South Africa has been experiencing a continuous bout of service delivery protests since the late 1990s. Protests are a public manifestation of conflict and therefore this study uses the term conflict and protest interchangeably. The cost of the damage which results from these protests is immense. It is critical that solutions to this protest ensure that the underlying factors leading to the protest are addressed, in order to reduce the probability of its reoccurrence. This study seeks to investigate whether or not service delivery conflict could be prevented through improved implementation of government services in all spheres. The provision of basic service delivery is critical for the livelihood of any community and even more so for previously disadvantaged communities. It is important to verify if the lack of, or poor, service delivery can lead communities to revolt against each other or the governing authority. The challenge with any conflict situation is that when it erupts into destruction, only the visible symptoms are addressed, because addressing the underlying factors is a long-term process which requires a holistic understanding of the conflict. Previously disadvantaged communities are experiencing a backlog of service delivery, the exploitation of their plight by different agencies and mismanagement by public servants, which further delays service delivery. The Ezakheni community has been one of those communities who were previously disadvantaged and expected different levels of government to meet their service delivery needs, from land ownership to the building of houses. This community expected that the process of improving their livelihood would be fast-tracked instead it was delayed by community conflict. The conflict started as a revolution against agencies that were against the community’s process of acquiring land, but ended up as community members fought each other and government departments in order to survive. The Ezakheni community conflicts date back to 1998 and subsided during late 2005. Any conflict after that was latent, although there were still killings, but they were sporadic and sometimes not linked to the conflict but categorised as criminal behaviour. The present study takes the reader through the process of evaluating whether or not there is a logical relationship between Ezakheni community conflict and service delivery. Chapter One gives an overview of the study and the processes that were followed during this study. Chapter Two opens up theoretical debates that influence the epistemology of this study. Chapter Three gives the reader a detailed overview of the profile of the case study. Chapter Four describes the methodology that has been utilised in the study. Chapter Five presents the data and interprets it. Chapter Six concludes the study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Hlophe, Nonjabulo Thobile
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Local government -- South Africa -- KwaZulu Natal , Municipal government -- South Africa -- KwaZulu Natal , Municipal services -- South Africa -- KwaZulu Natal
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: vital:8182 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1463 , Local government -- South Africa -- KwaZulu Natal , Municipal government -- South Africa -- KwaZulu Natal , Municipal services -- South Africa -- KwaZulu Natal
- Description: South Africa has been experiencing a continuous bout of service delivery protests since the late 1990s. Protests are a public manifestation of conflict and therefore this study uses the term conflict and protest interchangeably. The cost of the damage which results from these protests is immense. It is critical that solutions to this protest ensure that the underlying factors leading to the protest are addressed, in order to reduce the probability of its reoccurrence. This study seeks to investigate whether or not service delivery conflict could be prevented through improved implementation of government services in all spheres. The provision of basic service delivery is critical for the livelihood of any community and even more so for previously disadvantaged communities. It is important to verify if the lack of, or poor, service delivery can lead communities to revolt against each other or the governing authority. The challenge with any conflict situation is that when it erupts into destruction, only the visible symptoms are addressed, because addressing the underlying factors is a long-term process which requires a holistic understanding of the conflict. Previously disadvantaged communities are experiencing a backlog of service delivery, the exploitation of their plight by different agencies and mismanagement by public servants, which further delays service delivery. The Ezakheni community has been one of those communities who were previously disadvantaged and expected different levels of government to meet their service delivery needs, from land ownership to the building of houses. This community expected that the process of improving their livelihood would be fast-tracked instead it was delayed by community conflict. The conflict started as a revolution against agencies that were against the community’s process of acquiring land, but ended up as community members fought each other and government departments in order to survive. The Ezakheni community conflicts date back to 1998 and subsided during late 2005. Any conflict after that was latent, although there were still killings, but they were sporadic and sometimes not linked to the conflict but categorised as criminal behaviour. The present study takes the reader through the process of evaluating whether or not there is a logical relationship between Ezakheni community conflict and service delivery. Chapter One gives an overview of the study and the processes that were followed during this study. Chapter Two opens up theoretical debates that influence the epistemology of this study. Chapter Three gives the reader a detailed overview of the profile of the case study. Chapter Four describes the methodology that has been utilised in the study. Chapter Five presents the data and interprets it. Chapter Six concludes the study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
An investigation into Southern African university students' use of proactive coping style
- Authors: Paddey, Michelle
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: College students -- Africa, Southern -- Life skills , Stress management , Stress in adolescence
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9396 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/2074 , College students -- Africa, Southern -- Life skills , Stress management , Stress in adolescence
- Description: Proactive coping involves individuals developing resources to facilitate their promotion toward personal growth. The aim of this study was to determine whether differences occurred in the use of a proactive coping style between students from various Southern African countries and universities, in order to form cross-cultural comparisons for this construct. The Proactive Coping Inventory (PCI) was electronically distributed to collect the empirical data, with purposeful non-probability sampling being employed. The sample consisted of 622 students from three universities, one each in Botswana, Namibia and South Africa. Eleven hypotheses were set for investigation. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in the emergence of two distinct factors in the PCI, implying two separate subscales. A statistically significant relationship was found between proactive coping and both instrumental and emotional support seeking. A small, practically significant gender difference was discovered for emotional support seeking, and moderate differences were found between age and proactive coping. Southern African university students exhibit higher levels of proactive coping than preventative coping, strategic planning or emotional support seeking. Furthermore, they make use of proactive coping to a greater extent than individuals outside of the Southern Africa region. In terms of national and institutional culture, no statistically significant differences occurred for proactive coping between any of the countries or universities under study. These findings imply that regardless of a Southern African student's home country or university, he or she is likely to cope proactively. A possible explanation is because Africans generally value social support systems and collectivism, which assist individuals in coping proactively. These results also suggest that all three universities under study are effectively encouraging students to cope in a proactive manner, whether formally or informally, which is in line with the values of these institutions. It is recommended that Southern African universities focus more intentionally on becoming positive socialising systems through integrating the development of human strengths, thus enhancing the value that students and society gain from tertiary education. These findings add to the current body of knowledge relating to proactive coping, which is lacking in a Southern African context.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Paddey, Michelle
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: College students -- Africa, Southern -- Life skills , Stress management , Stress in adolescence
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9396 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/2074 , College students -- Africa, Southern -- Life skills , Stress management , Stress in adolescence
- Description: Proactive coping involves individuals developing resources to facilitate their promotion toward personal growth. The aim of this study was to determine whether differences occurred in the use of a proactive coping style between students from various Southern African countries and universities, in order to form cross-cultural comparisons for this construct. The Proactive Coping Inventory (PCI) was electronically distributed to collect the empirical data, with purposeful non-probability sampling being employed. The sample consisted of 622 students from three universities, one each in Botswana, Namibia and South Africa. Eleven hypotheses were set for investigation. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in the emergence of two distinct factors in the PCI, implying two separate subscales. A statistically significant relationship was found between proactive coping and both instrumental and emotional support seeking. A small, practically significant gender difference was discovered for emotional support seeking, and moderate differences were found between age and proactive coping. Southern African university students exhibit higher levels of proactive coping than preventative coping, strategic planning or emotional support seeking. Furthermore, they make use of proactive coping to a greater extent than individuals outside of the Southern Africa region. In terms of national and institutional culture, no statistically significant differences occurred for proactive coping between any of the countries or universities under study. These findings imply that regardless of a Southern African student's home country or university, he or she is likely to cope proactively. A possible explanation is because Africans generally value social support systems and collectivism, which assist individuals in coping proactively. These results also suggest that all three universities under study are effectively encouraging students to cope in a proactive manner, whether formally or informally, which is in line with the values of these institutions. It is recommended that Southern African universities focus more intentionally on becoming positive socialising systems through integrating the development of human strengths, thus enhancing the value that students and society gain from tertiary education. These findings add to the current body of knowledge relating to proactive coping, which is lacking in a Southern African context.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
An investigation into the challenges impeding non governmental organizations in carrying out supplementary feeding programmes : the case of care international and plan international in Zimbabwe
- Authors: Mpofu, Sibusisiwe
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Non-governmental organizations -- Africa , Humanitarianism
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9065 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1334 , Non-governmental organizations -- Africa , Humanitarianism
- Description: The study set out to investigate the challenges faced by NGOs in carrying out supplementary feeding programmes in Zimbabwe’s rural areas. CARE and PLAN International in Zimbabwe were the two NGOs used as case studies and their operations in the Lower Gweru district of the Midlands Province Zimbabwe provided the empirical data for this study. This study was principally qualitative in nature as it sought to provide an in-depth analysis of the main challenges that NGOs face when carrying out supplementary feeding programmes in the rural areas of Zimbabwe. For the purpose of collecting data the study relied on Focus Group Discussions, in-depth interviews with key informants and document study. The key informants included Country Directors, Programme and Field officers at both CARE and PLAN International who had intimate knowledge of some of the challenges that their supplementary feeding programmes faced. Challenges that faced CARE and Plan International’s supplementary feeding programmes were categorized into two themes, internal and external organizational challenges. Internally the study revealed that the NGOs were unable to retain critical personnel such as nutritionists and programme officers. It also emerged from the study that field officers were involved in the thefts of food meant for the supplementary feeding programmes. The management of the supplementary feeding programmes was made difficult by lack of adequate information about the target beneficiaries. Further the study noted that there were contestations when it came to the selection of the beneficiaries of the programme. It was also found that during the rainy season it was difficult to 8 avail food timeously to the beneficiaries of the supplementary feeding programmes. It emerged from the study that supplementary feeding programmes were victims of political interference as the government and war veterans were suspicious that the programmes were being used to influence the voting behavior of the recipients. The global financial crisis also limited the capacity of the donors to continue availing substantial amounts of money for food procurement. As part of the broader strategy to increase the effectiveness of the NGOs in carrying supplementary feeding programmes this study recommended that NGOs should re-strategize on how they remunerate key personnel such as nutritionists. The NGOs through their mother body NANGO should constantly engage government so that there is a good working relationship supportive of poverty reduction through supplementary feeding programmes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Mpofu, Sibusisiwe
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Non-governmental organizations -- Africa , Humanitarianism
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9065 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1334 , Non-governmental organizations -- Africa , Humanitarianism
- Description: The study set out to investigate the challenges faced by NGOs in carrying out supplementary feeding programmes in Zimbabwe’s rural areas. CARE and PLAN International in Zimbabwe were the two NGOs used as case studies and their operations in the Lower Gweru district of the Midlands Province Zimbabwe provided the empirical data for this study. This study was principally qualitative in nature as it sought to provide an in-depth analysis of the main challenges that NGOs face when carrying out supplementary feeding programmes in the rural areas of Zimbabwe. For the purpose of collecting data the study relied on Focus Group Discussions, in-depth interviews with key informants and document study. The key informants included Country Directors, Programme and Field officers at both CARE and PLAN International who had intimate knowledge of some of the challenges that their supplementary feeding programmes faced. Challenges that faced CARE and Plan International’s supplementary feeding programmes were categorized into two themes, internal and external organizational challenges. Internally the study revealed that the NGOs were unable to retain critical personnel such as nutritionists and programme officers. It also emerged from the study that field officers were involved in the thefts of food meant for the supplementary feeding programmes. The management of the supplementary feeding programmes was made difficult by lack of adequate information about the target beneficiaries. Further the study noted that there were contestations when it came to the selection of the beneficiaries of the programme. It was also found that during the rainy season it was difficult to 8 avail food timeously to the beneficiaries of the supplementary feeding programmes. It emerged from the study that supplementary feeding programmes were victims of political interference as the government and war veterans were suspicious that the programmes were being used to influence the voting behavior of the recipients. The global financial crisis also limited the capacity of the donors to continue availing substantial amounts of money for food procurement. As part of the broader strategy to increase the effectiveness of the NGOs in carrying supplementary feeding programmes this study recommended that NGOs should re-strategize on how they remunerate key personnel such as nutritionists. The NGOs through their mother body NANGO should constantly engage government so that there is a good working relationship supportive of poverty reduction through supplementary feeding programmes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
An investigation into the effect of carbon type addictives on the negative electrode during the partial state of charge capacity cycling of lead acid batteries
- Authors: Snyders, Charmelle
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Lead-acid batteries
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10379 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1494 , Lead-acid batteries
- Description: It is well known that a conventional lead acid cell that is exposed to a partial state of charge capacity cycling (PSoCCC) would experience a build-up of irreversible PbSO4 on the negative electrode. This results into a damaged negative electrode due to excessive PbSO4 formation by the typical visual “Venetian Blinds” effect of the active material. This displays the loss of adhesion of the active material with the electrode’s grids thereby making large sections of the material ineffective and reducing the cells useful capacity during high current applications. The addition of certain graphites to the negative paste mix had proven to be successful to reduce this effect. In the first part of the study, the physical and chemical properties of the various additives that are added to the negative electrode paste mix were comparatively studied. This was done to investigate any significant differences between various suppliers that could possibly influence the electrochemical characteristics of the Pb-acid battery performance. This comparative study was done by using the following analytical techniques; BET surface area, laser diffraction particle size, PXRD, TGA-MS and SEM. The study showed that there were no significant differences between the additives supplied from different suppliers except for some anomalies in the usefulness of techniques such as N2 adsorption to study the BET surface area of BaSO4. In order to reduce the sulphation effect from occurring within the Pb-acid battery a number of adjustments are made to the electrode active material. For example, Pb-acid battery manufacturers make use of an inert polymer based material, known as Polymat, to cover the electrode surfaces as part of their continuous electrode pasting process. It is made from a non woven polyester fiber that is applied to the pasted electrodes during the continuous pasting process. In this study the Polymat pasted electrodes has demonstrated a better physical adhesion of the active material to the grid support thereby maintaining the active material’s physical integrity. This however did not reduce the sulphation effect due to the high rate partial state of capacity cycling (HRPSoCCC) test but reduced the physical damage due to the irreversible active material blistering effect. The study investigated what effect the Polymat on the electrodes has on the III battery’s Cold Cranking Ability (CCA) at -18 degree C, the HRPSoCCC cycling and its active material utilization. The study showed that there was little or no differences in the CCA and HRPSoCCC capabilities of cells made with the Polymat when compared to cells without the Polymat, with significant improvement in active material’s adhesion and integrity to the grid wire. This was confirmed by PXRD and SEM analysis. Negative electrodes were made with four types of graphites (natural, flake, expanded and nano fibre) added to the negative paste mixture in order to reduce the effect of sulphation. The study looked at using statistical design of experiment (DoE) principles to investigate the variables (additives) such as different graphites, BaSO4 and Vanisperse to the negative electrode paste mixture where upon measuring the responses (electrochemical tests) a set of controlled experiments were done to study the extent of the variables interaction, dependency and independency on the cells electrochemical properties. This was especially in relation to the improvement of the battery’s ability to work under HRPSoCCC. The statistical analysis showed that there was a notable significant influence of the amounts of vanisperse, BaSO4 and their respective interactions on a number of electrochemical responses, such as the Peukert constant (n), CCA discharge time, material utilization at different discharge rates and the ability to capacity cycle under the simulated HRPSoCCC testing. The study did not suggest an optimized concentration of the additives, but did give an indication that there was a statistical significant trend in certain electrochemical responses with an interaction between the amounts of the additives BaSO4 and Vanisperse. The study also showed that the addition of a small amount of Nano carbon can significantly change the observed crystal morphology of the negative active material and that an improvement in the number of capacity cycles can be achieved during the HRPSoCCC test when compared to the other types of graphite additives.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Snyders, Charmelle
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Lead-acid batteries
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10379 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1494 , Lead-acid batteries
- Description: It is well known that a conventional lead acid cell that is exposed to a partial state of charge capacity cycling (PSoCCC) would experience a build-up of irreversible PbSO4 on the negative electrode. This results into a damaged negative electrode due to excessive PbSO4 formation by the typical visual “Venetian Blinds” effect of the active material. This displays the loss of adhesion of the active material with the electrode’s grids thereby making large sections of the material ineffective and reducing the cells useful capacity during high current applications. The addition of certain graphites to the negative paste mix had proven to be successful to reduce this effect. In the first part of the study, the physical and chemical properties of the various additives that are added to the negative electrode paste mix were comparatively studied. This was done to investigate any significant differences between various suppliers that could possibly influence the electrochemical characteristics of the Pb-acid battery performance. This comparative study was done by using the following analytical techniques; BET surface area, laser diffraction particle size, PXRD, TGA-MS and SEM. The study showed that there were no significant differences between the additives supplied from different suppliers except for some anomalies in the usefulness of techniques such as N2 adsorption to study the BET surface area of BaSO4. In order to reduce the sulphation effect from occurring within the Pb-acid battery a number of adjustments are made to the electrode active material. For example, Pb-acid battery manufacturers make use of an inert polymer based material, known as Polymat, to cover the electrode surfaces as part of their continuous electrode pasting process. It is made from a non woven polyester fiber that is applied to the pasted electrodes during the continuous pasting process. In this study the Polymat pasted electrodes has demonstrated a better physical adhesion of the active material to the grid support thereby maintaining the active material’s physical integrity. This however did not reduce the sulphation effect due to the high rate partial state of capacity cycling (HRPSoCCC) test but reduced the physical damage due to the irreversible active material blistering effect. The study investigated what effect the Polymat on the electrodes has on the III battery’s Cold Cranking Ability (CCA) at -18 degree C, the HRPSoCCC cycling and its active material utilization. The study showed that there was little or no differences in the CCA and HRPSoCCC capabilities of cells made with the Polymat when compared to cells without the Polymat, with significant improvement in active material’s adhesion and integrity to the grid wire. This was confirmed by PXRD and SEM analysis. Negative electrodes were made with four types of graphites (natural, flake, expanded and nano fibre) added to the negative paste mixture in order to reduce the effect of sulphation. The study looked at using statistical design of experiment (DoE) principles to investigate the variables (additives) such as different graphites, BaSO4 and Vanisperse to the negative electrode paste mixture where upon measuring the responses (electrochemical tests) a set of controlled experiments were done to study the extent of the variables interaction, dependency and independency on the cells electrochemical properties. This was especially in relation to the improvement of the battery’s ability to work under HRPSoCCC. The statistical analysis showed that there was a notable significant influence of the amounts of vanisperse, BaSO4 and their respective interactions on a number of electrochemical responses, such as the Peukert constant (n), CCA discharge time, material utilization at different discharge rates and the ability to capacity cycle under the simulated HRPSoCCC testing. The study did not suggest an optimized concentration of the additives, but did give an indication that there was a statistical significant trend in certain electrochemical responses with an interaction between the amounts of the additives BaSO4 and Vanisperse. The study also showed that the addition of a small amount of Nano carbon can significantly change the observed crystal morphology of the negative active material and that an improvement in the number of capacity cycles can be achieved during the HRPSoCCC test when compared to the other types of graphite additives.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
An investigation into the impact of online and mobile advertising on the South African advertising landscape
- Authors: Flanagan, Michael Anthony
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Internet advertising -- South Africa , Advertising -- South Africa , Electronic commerce -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:8388 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1008588 , Internet advertising -- South Africa , Advertising -- South Africa , Electronic commerce -- South Africa
- Description: This study aimed to provide South African advertising professionals with insights into the current state of online and mobile advertising in South Africa, highlighting areas in which this sector of the industry can develop in order for professionals to perpetuate successful and innovative use of the mediums available to them and their clients. The study draws on literature from the fields of traditional advertising, digital advertising and new media. Research on the South African digital advertising climate is not as readily available as that of international studies based in the United States of America and the United Kingdom. The study therefore used two data collection methods namely, telephonic semi-structured interviews with advertising professionals employed within the South African advertising and marketing industries as well as an electronic survey also aimed at advertising professionals employed within the South African advertising and marketing industries. The data collected aims to provide an insight into the professional opinions and feelings of these professionals as to how the South Africa digital advertising landscape is perceived, how it compares to its international counterparts and whether online and mobile technologies have had an impact on the South African advertising industry in terms of ad-spend not only on digital but on traditional advertising. The data from both the semi-structured interviews and survey were analysed in terms of the aforementioned aspects and correlations were found between the qualitative and quantitative data. Five advertising professionals from various agencies from around South Africa were interviewed telephonically while 27 advertising professionals attempted the electronic survey with 21 completing the survey. The study found that advertisers acknowledge that online and mobile technologies have had an impact on the South African advertising industry as digital advertising is now seen as an important fixture within the advertising industry and is considered to now be as important as traditional advertising. However, although advertising professionals acknowledge this importance, the medium is still underutilised due to a number of determining factors. These factors include insufficient knowledge in the field of digital advertising by advertisers and clients as clients are still unwilling to allocate similar levels of ad-spend to digital as they would to traditional advertising, this despite a notable increase in digital ad-spend. Traditional advertising still dominates ad-spend and advertisers are of the opinion that despite the growth of digital media, this trend will remain prevalent in South Africa which continues to trail behind its international counterparts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Flanagan, Michael Anthony
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Internet advertising -- South Africa , Advertising -- South Africa , Electronic commerce -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:8388 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1008588 , Internet advertising -- South Africa , Advertising -- South Africa , Electronic commerce -- South Africa
- Description: This study aimed to provide South African advertising professionals with insights into the current state of online and mobile advertising in South Africa, highlighting areas in which this sector of the industry can develop in order for professionals to perpetuate successful and innovative use of the mediums available to them and their clients. The study draws on literature from the fields of traditional advertising, digital advertising and new media. Research on the South African digital advertising climate is not as readily available as that of international studies based in the United States of America and the United Kingdom. The study therefore used two data collection methods namely, telephonic semi-structured interviews with advertising professionals employed within the South African advertising and marketing industries as well as an electronic survey also aimed at advertising professionals employed within the South African advertising and marketing industries. The data collected aims to provide an insight into the professional opinions and feelings of these professionals as to how the South Africa digital advertising landscape is perceived, how it compares to its international counterparts and whether online and mobile technologies have had an impact on the South African advertising industry in terms of ad-spend not only on digital but on traditional advertising. The data from both the semi-structured interviews and survey were analysed in terms of the aforementioned aspects and correlations were found between the qualitative and quantitative data. Five advertising professionals from various agencies from around South Africa were interviewed telephonically while 27 advertising professionals attempted the electronic survey with 21 completing the survey. The study found that advertisers acknowledge that online and mobile technologies have had an impact on the South African advertising industry as digital advertising is now seen as an important fixture within the advertising industry and is considered to now be as important as traditional advertising. However, although advertising professionals acknowledge this importance, the medium is still underutilised due to a number of determining factors. These factors include insufficient knowledge in the field of digital advertising by advertisers and clients as clients are still unwilling to allocate similar levels of ad-spend to digital as they would to traditional advertising, this despite a notable increase in digital ad-spend. Traditional advertising still dominates ad-spend and advertisers are of the opinion that despite the growth of digital media, this trend will remain prevalent in South Africa which continues to trail behind its international counterparts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
An investigation into the implementation of the Batho Pele Principles in the Department of Labour: Port Elizabeth
- Authors: Ralane, Nombulelo
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Local officials and employees -- South Africa , Local government -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
- Identifier: vital:8197 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1318 , Local officials and employees -- South Africa , Local government -- South Africa
- Description: After 1994, the democratic South Africa passed a number of legislations in order to address the imbalances of the previous apartheid regime. The new South African government had a special mandate to provide appropriate services to all the citizens of the country. In 1995 the government formulated the White Paper on the Transformation of the Public Service. The aim was to transform the South African public service, which is the indication of the importance of service delivery, as the key machinery of the government to equalize service delivery to all citizens. In 1996 the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa anchored the Bill of Rights as the cornerstone of democracy that enshrines the rights of all people and affirms the democratic values of human dignity, equality and freedom. In chapter ten of the Constitution stipulates the basic values and principles governing public administration. The White Paper on Transformation of Public Service was followed by White Paper on Transforming Service Delivery in 1997 (Batho Pele White Paper) which provided a policy framework and practical implementation strategy for the more efficient , effective and equitable provision of public service. The Batho Pele White Paper signalled the adoption of a citizen oriented approach on service delivery informed by eight principles: consultation, service standard, access, courtesy, information, openness and transparency, redress and value for money. This study focuses on the investigation on the implementation of Batho Pele Principles in the Department of Labour: Port Elizabeth. The main objectives of the study are: To provide an overview of the Batho-Pele principles in relation to service delivery. To investigate the importance of implementing the Batho-Pele principles in the department of Labour, Port Elizabeth. To identify challenges affecting the implementation of the Batho-Pele principles in the Department of Labour, Port Elizabeth. To investigate the importance of implementing the Batho Pele principles in the Department of Labour: Port Elizabeth and to identify challenges affecting the implementation. In this study a sample of three units was selected to conduct research in the Department of Labour, Port Elizabeth. The units were frontline Services, Beneficiary Services and Enforcement Inspection Services. The reason for choosing these sections is because they are directly involved in serving clients. A sample of 20 officials was drawn from these units. A quantitative method of data collection and analysis was followed. The main findings of the study were firstly, that the Department of Labour officials are aware of the Batho Pele principles. Based on the findings, they are not sure of the compliance of the policies. This means that the implementation of the Batho Pele principles has gaps that need to be addressed. Officials indicate that they need attention because they are the tools of operation. They register a low morale that needs to be addressed by the Department. The dissemination of information needs to be improved and communication with the clients of the Department should be done oin all languages so that clients can clearly understand the services offered by the Department of Labour.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Ralane, Nombulelo
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Local officials and employees -- South Africa , Local government -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
- Identifier: vital:8197 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1318 , Local officials and employees -- South Africa , Local government -- South Africa
- Description: After 1994, the democratic South Africa passed a number of legislations in order to address the imbalances of the previous apartheid regime. The new South African government had a special mandate to provide appropriate services to all the citizens of the country. In 1995 the government formulated the White Paper on the Transformation of the Public Service. The aim was to transform the South African public service, which is the indication of the importance of service delivery, as the key machinery of the government to equalize service delivery to all citizens. In 1996 the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa anchored the Bill of Rights as the cornerstone of democracy that enshrines the rights of all people and affirms the democratic values of human dignity, equality and freedom. In chapter ten of the Constitution stipulates the basic values and principles governing public administration. The White Paper on Transformation of Public Service was followed by White Paper on Transforming Service Delivery in 1997 (Batho Pele White Paper) which provided a policy framework and practical implementation strategy for the more efficient , effective and equitable provision of public service. The Batho Pele White Paper signalled the adoption of a citizen oriented approach on service delivery informed by eight principles: consultation, service standard, access, courtesy, information, openness and transparency, redress and value for money. This study focuses on the investigation on the implementation of Batho Pele Principles in the Department of Labour: Port Elizabeth. The main objectives of the study are: To provide an overview of the Batho-Pele principles in relation to service delivery. To investigate the importance of implementing the Batho-Pele principles in the department of Labour, Port Elizabeth. To identify challenges affecting the implementation of the Batho-Pele principles in the Department of Labour, Port Elizabeth. To investigate the importance of implementing the Batho Pele principles in the Department of Labour: Port Elizabeth and to identify challenges affecting the implementation. In this study a sample of three units was selected to conduct research in the Department of Labour, Port Elizabeth. The units were frontline Services, Beneficiary Services and Enforcement Inspection Services. The reason for choosing these sections is because they are directly involved in serving clients. A sample of 20 officials was drawn from these units. A quantitative method of data collection and analysis was followed. The main findings of the study were firstly, that the Department of Labour officials are aware of the Batho Pele principles. Based on the findings, they are not sure of the compliance of the policies. This means that the implementation of the Batho Pele principles has gaps that need to be addressed. Officials indicate that they need attention because they are the tools of operation. They register a low morale that needs to be addressed by the Department. The dissemination of information needs to be improved and communication with the clients of the Department should be done oin all languages so that clients can clearly understand the services offered by the Department of Labour.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
An investigation into the role of Xhosa male initiation in moral regeneration
- Authors: Ntombana, Luvuyo
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Xhosa (African people) -- Rites and ceremonies , Initiation rites
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: vital:16132 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1006265 , Xhosa (African people) -- Rites and ceremonies , Initiation rites
- Description: This research study in Mdantsane (East London), Whittlesea (Hewu), Njiveni (Libode) and Cala sought to investigate the role of the amaXhosa male initiation in moral regeneration focusing on socio-cultural, educational and religious aspects related to moral values. The role of the amaXhosa male initiation as a rite of passage from boyhood to manhood, how it was viewed in the past, its impact upon the initiates and its contribution to the moral upholding of values were investigated. It was further intended to establish whether westernisation and urbanisation brought a shift of meaning and emphasis to the current initiation practice and, if so, to what extent has the ceremony departed from traditional norms and what challenges the ceremony has to face at present. A qualitative research method involving an ethnographic study was utilised, which includes in-depth, semi-structured interviews (formal interviews and informal discussions) and participant observation. Research findings suggested that in the past the amaXhosa male initiation played a role in the instruction of moral values. However, this study identified a shift of meaning in the practice which has been more evident in urban than in rural areas. The shift suggested that the instruction role has changed in prominence and there is less emphasis on teaching and appropriate adult behaviour. Moreover that the amakhankatha, who had the major role in teaching of the initiates are now participating in making the role less effective and sometimes introducing influences that are destructive to the initiates. Such negative influences include abuse of alcohol and drugs, promiscuity among the youth and disobedience of elders. It is argued that revisiting the teachings surrounding male initiation may cultivate productive debates on how young males are taught morality in today's society. Furthermore, that if the Xhosa male initiation could be contextualised it can play a role in the instruction of boys as they graduate to manhood and that can contribute to moral regeneration in South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Ntombana, Luvuyo
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Xhosa (African people) -- Rites and ceremonies , Initiation rites
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: vital:16132 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1006265 , Xhosa (African people) -- Rites and ceremonies , Initiation rites
- Description: This research study in Mdantsane (East London), Whittlesea (Hewu), Njiveni (Libode) and Cala sought to investigate the role of the amaXhosa male initiation in moral regeneration focusing on socio-cultural, educational and religious aspects related to moral values. The role of the amaXhosa male initiation as a rite of passage from boyhood to manhood, how it was viewed in the past, its impact upon the initiates and its contribution to the moral upholding of values were investigated. It was further intended to establish whether westernisation and urbanisation brought a shift of meaning and emphasis to the current initiation practice and, if so, to what extent has the ceremony departed from traditional norms and what challenges the ceremony has to face at present. A qualitative research method involving an ethnographic study was utilised, which includes in-depth, semi-structured interviews (formal interviews and informal discussions) and participant observation. Research findings suggested that in the past the amaXhosa male initiation played a role in the instruction of moral values. However, this study identified a shift of meaning in the practice which has been more evident in urban than in rural areas. The shift suggested that the instruction role has changed in prominence and there is less emphasis on teaching and appropriate adult behaviour. Moreover that the amakhankatha, who had the major role in teaching of the initiates are now participating in making the role less effective and sometimes introducing influences that are destructive to the initiates. Such negative influences include abuse of alcohol and drugs, promiscuity among the youth and disobedience of elders. It is argued that revisiting the teachings surrounding male initiation may cultivate productive debates on how young males are taught morality in today's society. Furthermore, that if the Xhosa male initiation could be contextualised it can play a role in the instruction of boys as they graduate to manhood and that can contribute to moral regeneration in South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
An investigation of talent management and staff retention at the Bank of Zambia
- Chikumbi, Charity Nonde Luchembe
- Authors: Chikumbi, Charity Nonde Luchembe
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Bank of Zambia -- Personnel management , Personnel management -- Zambia , Banks and banking -- Zambia -- Personnel management , Organizational effectiveness , Employee retention -- Zambia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8604 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1611 , Bank of Zambia -- Personnel management , Personnel management -- Zambia , Banks and banking -- Zambia -- Personnel management , Organizational effectiveness , Employee retention -- Zambia
- Description: There is no question that effective talent management requires a well-defined process. Talent management includes all talent processes needed to optimise people within an organization. The processes include: attracting, recruiting targeted selection, performance management, succession planning, talent reviews, development planning and support, career development, and workforce planning. The hired employees should be developed to mould into the organization culture so that they support the vision and mission of the organization. Retention of key employee is critical to the long term success of business as it ensures customer satisfaction, product sales, and satisfied co-workers, reporting staff, effective succession planning and a deeply embedded organisational knowledge and learning culture. iii The research problem in this study was to investigate how successfully Talent Management and Employee Retention strategies been implemented at the Bank of Zambia. To achieve this objective a comprehensive study was undertaken on talent management and employee retention. The study involved conducting a literature survey to understand the processes that are necessary for implementation of talent management and employee retention in an organization. An empirical study was later conducted to investigate whether the processes of talent management and employee retention have been successfully implemented at the Bank of Zambia. The survey was compared to the literature review to determine whether the Bank of Zambia complied with the findings in the literature review. The main findings from this research are that for talent management to be successful, the initial step of planning right from the strategic point of aligning to talent goals to business goals through to succession planning should be well conducted. This process needed special attention. As much as the empirical study showed a case of progress towards engagement, there was concern raised regarding job security. Some employees perceived that they were insecure in their job. Compensation and rewards were also perceived to lack equity in their distribution and that promotion and career progression were below expectation for may employees The final observation from the investigation was that the organizational culture was not well adopted by respondents. . Employees perceived that the culture did not support innovation and the rewards system did not provide incentives for better performance.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Chikumbi, Charity Nonde Luchembe
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Bank of Zambia -- Personnel management , Personnel management -- Zambia , Banks and banking -- Zambia -- Personnel management , Organizational effectiveness , Employee retention -- Zambia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8604 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1611 , Bank of Zambia -- Personnel management , Personnel management -- Zambia , Banks and banking -- Zambia -- Personnel management , Organizational effectiveness , Employee retention -- Zambia
- Description: There is no question that effective talent management requires a well-defined process. Talent management includes all talent processes needed to optimise people within an organization. The processes include: attracting, recruiting targeted selection, performance management, succession planning, talent reviews, development planning and support, career development, and workforce planning. The hired employees should be developed to mould into the organization culture so that they support the vision and mission of the organization. Retention of key employee is critical to the long term success of business as it ensures customer satisfaction, product sales, and satisfied co-workers, reporting staff, effective succession planning and a deeply embedded organisational knowledge and learning culture. iii The research problem in this study was to investigate how successfully Talent Management and Employee Retention strategies been implemented at the Bank of Zambia. To achieve this objective a comprehensive study was undertaken on talent management and employee retention. The study involved conducting a literature survey to understand the processes that are necessary for implementation of talent management and employee retention in an organization. An empirical study was later conducted to investigate whether the processes of talent management and employee retention have been successfully implemented at the Bank of Zambia. The survey was compared to the literature review to determine whether the Bank of Zambia complied with the findings in the literature review. The main findings from this research are that for talent management to be successful, the initial step of planning right from the strategic point of aligning to talent goals to business goals through to succession planning should be well conducted. This process needed special attention. As much as the empirical study showed a case of progress towards engagement, there was concern raised regarding job security. Some employees perceived that they were insecure in their job. Compensation and rewards were also perceived to lack equity in their distribution and that promotion and career progression were below expectation for may employees The final observation from the investigation was that the organizational culture was not well adopted by respondents. . Employees perceived that the culture did not support innovation and the rewards system did not provide incentives for better performance.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
An investigation of the attitudes of South African Police Service management with respect to the viability of computer-assisted training in the Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Adams, Leinadu
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Education -- South Africa -- Data processing , Education -- Computer-assisted instruction , Information technology -- Study and teaching -- South Africa , Police training -- South Africa , Police -- South Africa -- Attitudes
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: vital:8190 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1410 , Education -- South Africa -- Data processing , Education -- Computer-assisted instruction , Information technology -- Study and teaching -- South Africa , Police training -- South Africa , Police -- South Africa -- Attitudes
- Description: The South African Police Service (SAPS) as a constituent part of the public service was established to deliver a specific category of services to the public. These services have to conform to requirements that are prescribed by various legislative provisions to promote effective and efficient delivery of public services. The implications of these provisions that are pursued by the study firstly, refer to the emphasis of government on the enhancement of public service delivery, with due consideration given to cost effectiveness and efficiency. Secondly, it refers to government's realisation of the important impact of education, development and training (EDT) on the competency of public service officials with an emphasis on the utilisation of information technology to enhance the effectiveness of EDT. Consequently, the study explores the viability of the utilisation of information technology as a measure to assist EDT interventions within the SAPS of the Eastern Cape Province to equip members of the institution to better fulfil their functions and duties. In this respect the study commenced to ascertain the levels of computer literacy of role-players, access to the appropriate facilities and what the general attitude in the organisation would be towards the utilisation of such an intervention. It was found that the computer literacy levels of role-players may be perceived as a problematic issue in this regard. However, access to suitable facilities was found to be more than sufficient for this intention. Furthermore, role-players agreed that information technology could be optimally applied in the EC SAPS for the mentioned use, thereby portraying an optimistic attitude towards the use thereof to harmonise EDT in the SAPS. The aim of the study has been to develop a model that will incorporate the use of information technology, given the strengths and weaknesses of the SAPS to enhance EDT and learning in the organization.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Adams, Leinadu
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Education -- South Africa -- Data processing , Education -- Computer-assisted instruction , Information technology -- Study and teaching -- South Africa , Police training -- South Africa , Police -- South Africa -- Attitudes
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: vital:8190 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1410 , Education -- South Africa -- Data processing , Education -- Computer-assisted instruction , Information technology -- Study and teaching -- South Africa , Police training -- South Africa , Police -- South Africa -- Attitudes
- Description: The South African Police Service (SAPS) as a constituent part of the public service was established to deliver a specific category of services to the public. These services have to conform to requirements that are prescribed by various legislative provisions to promote effective and efficient delivery of public services. The implications of these provisions that are pursued by the study firstly, refer to the emphasis of government on the enhancement of public service delivery, with due consideration given to cost effectiveness and efficiency. Secondly, it refers to government's realisation of the important impact of education, development and training (EDT) on the competency of public service officials with an emphasis on the utilisation of information technology to enhance the effectiveness of EDT. Consequently, the study explores the viability of the utilisation of information technology as a measure to assist EDT interventions within the SAPS of the Eastern Cape Province to equip members of the institution to better fulfil their functions and duties. In this respect the study commenced to ascertain the levels of computer literacy of role-players, access to the appropriate facilities and what the general attitude in the organisation would be towards the utilisation of such an intervention. It was found that the computer literacy levels of role-players may be perceived as a problematic issue in this regard. However, access to suitable facilities was found to be more than sufficient for this intention. Furthermore, role-players agreed that information technology could be optimally applied in the EC SAPS for the mentioned use, thereby portraying an optimistic attitude towards the use thereof to harmonise EDT in the SAPS. The aim of the study has been to develop a model that will incorporate the use of information technology, given the strengths and weaknesses of the SAPS to enhance EDT and learning in the organization.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
An investigation of the empowerment needs of councillors with reference to the King Sabata Dalindyebo local municipality, province of the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Gqamane, Zukiswa
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Employee empowerment -- South Africa , Municipal officials and employees , Employee empowerment -- Dissertations , Local government
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:8234 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1010168 , Employee empowerment -- South Africa , Municipal officials and employees , Employee empowerment -- Dissertations , Local government
- Description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the empowerment needs of councillors in a municipality. The main focus was to assess the successes or inadequacies of the empowerment programmes previously offered to councillors by the King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality. In order to achieve the research objectives an in-depth literature study was undertaken. A survey was also conducted to examine the level of empowerment being offered by the King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality to its councillors and the data was collected by means of self-administered questionnaires. The literature study proved the hypothesis to be correct, which stated that empowered councillors could enhance effective public participation, effective communication which could result in effective service delivery. The empirical study revealed that certain councillors require adequate training in areas such as communication skills, council’s rules of procedures and new developmental mandate assigned to local government. The empirical survey also revealed that there is limited mutual trust between councillors and the senior officials, immediate intervention is required to restore trust between councillors and officials. It has been recommended that King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality should not only provide regular “in house” training, but also training conducted by outside agencies is required. In certain instances, one may find that municipalities may not have fully capacitated persons for “in house” training. Thus, outside agencies which possess the relevant expertise such as universities and SALGA should be encouraged to also facilitate capacity training for councillors.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Gqamane, Zukiswa
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Employee empowerment -- South Africa , Municipal officials and employees , Employee empowerment -- Dissertations , Local government
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:8234 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1010168 , Employee empowerment -- South Africa , Municipal officials and employees , Employee empowerment -- Dissertations , Local government
- Description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the empowerment needs of councillors in a municipality. The main focus was to assess the successes or inadequacies of the empowerment programmes previously offered to councillors by the King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality. In order to achieve the research objectives an in-depth literature study was undertaken. A survey was also conducted to examine the level of empowerment being offered by the King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality to its councillors and the data was collected by means of self-administered questionnaires. The literature study proved the hypothesis to be correct, which stated that empowered councillors could enhance effective public participation, effective communication which could result in effective service delivery. The empirical study revealed that certain councillors require adequate training in areas such as communication skills, council’s rules of procedures and new developmental mandate assigned to local government. The empirical survey also revealed that there is limited mutual trust between councillors and the senior officials, immediate intervention is required to restore trust between councillors and officials. It has been recommended that King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality should not only provide regular “in house” training, but also training conducted by outside agencies is required. In certain instances, one may find that municipalities may not have fully capacitated persons for “in house” training. Thus, outside agencies which possess the relevant expertise such as universities and SALGA should be encouraged to also facilitate capacity training for councillors.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
An investigation of the role of community development workers: Bitou municipality
- Authors: Gogi, Andile
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Community development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Management , City council members -- South Africa , Community development -- Economic aspects , Community development -- Environmental aspects , Community development -- Social aspects , Economic development projects -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
- Identifier: vital:8270 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1015689
- Description: This treatise investigates the role of Community DevelopmentWorkers, with reference to the Bitou Municipality. The treatise comprises five chapters. The concept of Community Development Programme is fairly new in South Africa; therefore, further research is needed on the subject. A literature review was done to establish the concept and the background of the CDWP. A questionnaire was developed in order to obtain primary data from a selected sample group. The data obtained from the questionnaire was statistically analysed and interpreted. The core findings from the analysed questionnaire indicated the following: (a) CDWs clearly understand their role and responsibility, but there is a need for roles and functions to be clearly defined, with detailed terms of reference, to ensure a common understanding with other stakeholders, e.g. Ward Committees, Councillors, Non-governmental organisations, Communitybased organisations, and members of the community. (b) living conditions in the wards improved following the introduction of the CDWP. (c) there is a good relationship between CDWs, Ward Committees and Ward Councillors, but there is also a perception that Ward Committees and Community Development Workers constantly clash or compete in the wards in which they serve. (d) CDWs should not be affiliated to the ruling or any political party. (e) CDWs are confused regarding who is responsible for their remuneration (the Municipality or the Provincial Department of Local Government).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Gogi, Andile
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Community development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Management , City council members -- South Africa , Community development -- Economic aspects , Community development -- Environmental aspects , Community development -- Social aspects , Economic development projects -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
- Identifier: vital:8270 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1015689
- Description: This treatise investigates the role of Community DevelopmentWorkers, with reference to the Bitou Municipality. The treatise comprises five chapters. The concept of Community Development Programme is fairly new in South Africa; therefore, further research is needed on the subject. A literature review was done to establish the concept and the background of the CDWP. A questionnaire was developed in order to obtain primary data from a selected sample group. The data obtained from the questionnaire was statistically analysed and interpreted. The core findings from the analysed questionnaire indicated the following: (a) CDWs clearly understand their role and responsibility, but there is a need for roles and functions to be clearly defined, with detailed terms of reference, to ensure a common understanding with other stakeholders, e.g. Ward Committees, Councillors, Non-governmental organisations, Communitybased organisations, and members of the community. (b) living conditions in the wards improved following the introduction of the CDWP. (c) there is a good relationship between CDWs, Ward Committees and Ward Councillors, but there is also a perception that Ward Committees and Community Development Workers constantly clash or compete in the wards in which they serve. (d) CDWs should not be affiliated to the ruling or any political party. (e) CDWs are confused regarding who is responsible for their remuneration (the Municipality or the Provincial Department of Local Government).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
An investigation of urban agriculture projects as a local economic development mechanism to alleviate poverty in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Authors: Khomo, Phumelelo Edwin
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (Eastern Cape, South Africa) -- Economic conditions , Poverty -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality -- Prevention , Urban agriculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality -- Economic aspects , Agricultural development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Land use, Urban -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9052 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1596 , Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (Eastern Cape, South Africa) -- Economic conditions , Poverty -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality -- Prevention , Urban agriculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality -- Economic aspects , Agricultural development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Land use, Urban -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Description: Around the globe, towns and cities are growing rapidly in developing countries due to migration. The rate of urban growth outweighs job creation and the ability of most governments to provide basic services and infrastructure. The process of migration often precipitates into high levels of poverty and hunger, leading many urban dwellers to engage in agricultural activities to help themselves in satisfying their food need. The context of the research area is the NMBM townships where urban agriculture projects are taking place. There are three urban agriculture projects that were selected for this study and these are located in three different townships within the NMBM. Two of these projects are located in the Port Elizabeth area, which are the Emmanuel Haven Hydroponics Project, which is located in Motherwell Township, and the Walmer Hydroponics Co-operative that is in Walmer Township. The third project is located in the Uitenhage area near Kwa Nobuhle Township and that is the Tinarha Agriculture Tourism Initiative (TATI). The discussion in this research focuses on the NMBM poverty alleviation projects in the form of urban agriculture as a key driver of LED. The discussion also focuses on different factors that are required for urban agriculture projects to be effective and sustainable in the NMBM. Five project participants from each project responded to a structured questionnaire. Two municipal officials, the Agricultural Technician and the Urban Agriculture Director were interviewed and responded to a separate structured questionnaire. The third official, Assistant Director for Economic Development and Recreational Services was not interviewed but completed a questionnaire. The aim of the interviews was to determine the following from the project participants: (i) The impact of the projects in their livelihood; (ii) The role of the projects in creating employment; (iii) The views of the project participants regarding the sustainability of the projects. vi The aim of the interviews was to determine the following from the municipal managers: (i) The approach of the NMBM to urban agriculture initiatives as a LED strategy; (ii) The role of NMBM to ensure sustainability of the urban agriculture projects. The theoretical base that underpins this research hinges on four theoretical approaches: the basic needs approach, the people-centred development approach, the participation approach and the sustainable development approach. The research method that was chosen for this study is qualitative method included the following data collection instruments a literature review, a documentary analysis, a survey using questionnaires and interviews with project participants and municipal officials responsible for urban agriculture in the NMBM. The literature review formed the conceptual basis against which the information gained from documentary analysis, interviews and questionnaires were analysed. The projects that participated in the study were formed, amongst others, to alleviate poverty, thereby serving one of the basic needs which is food. Food is one of the basic needs in terms of Maslow‟s Hierarchy of Needs. The data collected in this study revealed that the three projects helped the project participants a great deal in meeting their basic needs, especially the food need. Therefore, there is a direct connection between the Basic Needs theory and the rationale behind the formation of these projects. In conclusion, the researcher has been able to draw a link between the theoretical underpinnings of the study and the practice as represented by experiences of the group sample. The researcher has also been able to demonstrate how the aims and the objectives of the study have been met.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Khomo, Phumelelo Edwin
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (Eastern Cape, South Africa) -- Economic conditions , Poverty -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality -- Prevention , Urban agriculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality -- Economic aspects , Agricultural development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Land use, Urban -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9052 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1596 , Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (Eastern Cape, South Africa) -- Economic conditions , Poverty -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality -- Prevention , Urban agriculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality -- Economic aspects , Agricultural development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Land use, Urban -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Description: Around the globe, towns and cities are growing rapidly in developing countries due to migration. The rate of urban growth outweighs job creation and the ability of most governments to provide basic services and infrastructure. The process of migration often precipitates into high levels of poverty and hunger, leading many urban dwellers to engage in agricultural activities to help themselves in satisfying their food need. The context of the research area is the NMBM townships where urban agriculture projects are taking place. There are three urban agriculture projects that were selected for this study and these are located in three different townships within the NMBM. Two of these projects are located in the Port Elizabeth area, which are the Emmanuel Haven Hydroponics Project, which is located in Motherwell Township, and the Walmer Hydroponics Co-operative that is in Walmer Township. The third project is located in the Uitenhage area near Kwa Nobuhle Township and that is the Tinarha Agriculture Tourism Initiative (TATI). The discussion in this research focuses on the NMBM poverty alleviation projects in the form of urban agriculture as a key driver of LED. The discussion also focuses on different factors that are required for urban agriculture projects to be effective and sustainable in the NMBM. Five project participants from each project responded to a structured questionnaire. Two municipal officials, the Agricultural Technician and the Urban Agriculture Director were interviewed and responded to a separate structured questionnaire. The third official, Assistant Director for Economic Development and Recreational Services was not interviewed but completed a questionnaire. The aim of the interviews was to determine the following from the project participants: (i) The impact of the projects in their livelihood; (ii) The role of the projects in creating employment; (iii) The views of the project participants regarding the sustainability of the projects. vi The aim of the interviews was to determine the following from the municipal managers: (i) The approach of the NMBM to urban agriculture initiatives as a LED strategy; (ii) The role of NMBM to ensure sustainability of the urban agriculture projects. The theoretical base that underpins this research hinges on four theoretical approaches: the basic needs approach, the people-centred development approach, the participation approach and the sustainable development approach. The research method that was chosen for this study is qualitative method included the following data collection instruments a literature review, a documentary analysis, a survey using questionnaires and interviews with project participants and municipal officials responsible for urban agriculture in the NMBM. The literature review formed the conceptual basis against which the information gained from documentary analysis, interviews and questionnaires were analysed. The projects that participated in the study were formed, amongst others, to alleviate poverty, thereby serving one of the basic needs which is food. Food is one of the basic needs in terms of Maslow‟s Hierarchy of Needs. The data collected in this study revealed that the three projects helped the project participants a great deal in meeting their basic needs, especially the food need. Therefore, there is a direct connection between the Basic Needs theory and the rationale behind the formation of these projects. In conclusion, the researcher has been able to draw a link between the theoretical underpinnings of the study and the practice as represented by experiences of the group sample. The researcher has also been able to demonstrate how the aims and the objectives of the study have been met.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
Analysis of a human capital plan for the southern region of Eskom distribution
- Moonsamy, Sivabakiam Maduray
- Authors: Moonsamy, Sivabakiam Maduray
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Eskom (Firm) , Human capital -- Planning , Strategic Planning
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:9386 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1010996 , Eskom (Firm) , Human capital -- Planning , Strategic Planning
- Description: We are living in an era of inconceivable knowledge, skills and talent paucity as technology continue to revolutionise the world, creating new and diverse economic opportunities and changing the perception of work, its environments and the skills and knowledge demanded in organisations. This phenomenon has resulted in global competition for skilled and knowledge workers as the new world of work morphs enigmatically, leaving organisations vulnerable, and unable to deal with this complex issue. Organisational leaders are cognisant of the changes, but are grappling with the problems of managing, retaining, and creating a resilient workforce. If talent is put onto the back burner and left unattended, it has the potential to create overwhelming turmoil in the South African economy and the economies throughout the world. The global changes will impact directly on how we approach workforce challenges in the future. Today, human capital is regarded as the distinct wealth contributor and creator for economic and organisational prosperity (Meyer, 2004). Hence, Human Capital Planning is crucial for every organisation, including Eskom, to ensure that its strategic objectives are met through the effective management and utilisation of its human resources in order to maintain its competitive advantage and ensure its sustainability into the future. Globally, as well as in South Africa, various contributing factors have resulted in skills shortages throughout the energy industry. Eskom has embarked on several growth initiatives requiring additional manpower, diverse specialist knowledge and skills-sets, and a more robust pipeline of technically qualified employees across all levels in the organisation firstly, to sustain itself, and secondly to embed the transition of a high performing organisation by attracting and acquiring the right skills and talent in the right jobs (Eskom Business Plan, 2010). Human Capital Planning is therefore crucial especially for Eskom Distribution, Southern Region to ensure that its strategic objectives are met through the effective management and optimisation of its human resources, whilst simultaneously cognisant of the changing landscape both internally, viz. within the region and the broader Eskom, and externally in South Africa and the global markets.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Moonsamy, Sivabakiam Maduray
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Eskom (Firm) , Human capital -- Planning , Strategic Planning
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:9386 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1010996 , Eskom (Firm) , Human capital -- Planning , Strategic Planning
- Description: We are living in an era of inconceivable knowledge, skills and talent paucity as technology continue to revolutionise the world, creating new and diverse economic opportunities and changing the perception of work, its environments and the skills and knowledge demanded in organisations. This phenomenon has resulted in global competition for skilled and knowledge workers as the new world of work morphs enigmatically, leaving organisations vulnerable, and unable to deal with this complex issue. Organisational leaders are cognisant of the changes, but are grappling with the problems of managing, retaining, and creating a resilient workforce. If talent is put onto the back burner and left unattended, it has the potential to create overwhelming turmoil in the South African economy and the economies throughout the world. The global changes will impact directly on how we approach workforce challenges in the future. Today, human capital is regarded as the distinct wealth contributor and creator for economic and organisational prosperity (Meyer, 2004). Hence, Human Capital Planning is crucial for every organisation, including Eskom, to ensure that its strategic objectives are met through the effective management and utilisation of its human resources in order to maintain its competitive advantage and ensure its sustainability into the future. Globally, as well as in South Africa, various contributing factors have resulted in skills shortages throughout the energy industry. Eskom has embarked on several growth initiatives requiring additional manpower, diverse specialist knowledge and skills-sets, and a more robust pipeline of technically qualified employees across all levels in the organisation firstly, to sustain itself, and secondly to embed the transition of a high performing organisation by attracting and acquiring the right skills and talent in the right jobs (Eskom Business Plan, 2010). Human Capital Planning is therefore crucial especially for Eskom Distribution, Southern Region to ensure that its strategic objectives are met through the effective management and optimisation of its human resources, whilst simultaneously cognisant of the changing landscape both internally, viz. within the region and the broader Eskom, and externally in South Africa and the global markets.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
Analysis of community-based coping and adaptation strategies to climate variability and change for sustainable rural livelihoods : a case study of Kaunda Village in T/A Simlemba, Kasungu District, Malawi
- Authors: Paul, John Mussa
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Climatic changes -- Economic aspects -- Malawi , Community-based conservation -- Malawi , Sustainable agriculture -- Malawi
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9104 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012322 , Climatic changes -- Economic aspects -- Malawi , Community-based conservation -- Malawi , Sustainable agriculture -- Malawi
- Description: Rural communities in Malawi are experiencing adverse climatic hazards which are attributed to climate variability and change. The frequent events being experienced include floods, dry spells and seasonal droughts. Rural livelihoods are severely affected because of their sensitivity to these phenomena. The research has analyzed community-based coping and adaptation strategies for sustainable livelihoods among the rural poor in Kaunda village, T/A Simlemba in Kasungu district, Malawi. The research data was collected from groups of male and female participants which also included a group of traditional leaders living in the area. The study used Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) methods such as Focus Group Discussions using the associated tools of resource mapping, transect walks, timelines and livelihood ranking to collect the data. The research findings have revealed that the major climate events experienced in Kaunda village are seasonal droughts and dry spells which have significantly impacted agriculture as a major livelihood activity in Malawi. The study has also revealed the community-based coping and adaptation strategies employed by the people. Recommendations made in this study have highlighted the need to support vulnerable rural communities with resilient and secure livelihoods.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Paul, John Mussa
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Climatic changes -- Economic aspects -- Malawi , Community-based conservation -- Malawi , Sustainable agriculture -- Malawi
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9104 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012322 , Climatic changes -- Economic aspects -- Malawi , Community-based conservation -- Malawi , Sustainable agriculture -- Malawi
- Description: Rural communities in Malawi are experiencing adverse climatic hazards which are attributed to climate variability and change. The frequent events being experienced include floods, dry spells and seasonal droughts. Rural livelihoods are severely affected because of their sensitivity to these phenomena. The research has analyzed community-based coping and adaptation strategies for sustainable livelihoods among the rural poor in Kaunda village, T/A Simlemba in Kasungu district, Malawi. The research data was collected from groups of male and female participants which also included a group of traditional leaders living in the area. The study used Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) methods such as Focus Group Discussions using the associated tools of resource mapping, transect walks, timelines and livelihood ranking to collect the data. The research findings have revealed that the major climate events experienced in Kaunda village are seasonal droughts and dry spells which have significantly impacted agriculture as a major livelihood activity in Malawi. The study has also revealed the community-based coping and adaptation strategies employed by the people. Recommendations made in this study have highlighted the need to support vulnerable rural communities with resilient and secure livelihoods.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
Analysis of the factors influencing job performance in the ICT sector in South Africa
- Authors: Lascot, Paul Michael John
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Job satisfaction , Career development , Employees -- Training of
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8703 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1009530 , Job satisfaction , Career development , Employees -- Training of
- Description: To achieve efficacy in the work place, employees need to perform at optimal levels. Researching and implementing strategies to improve job performance are fundamentally important to the development of the information and communication technology (ICT) sector in South Africa. However, scant research had been performed in this area. This study sought to present exploratory research in this emergent, rapidly expanding sector of the South African economy. Its primary aim was to investigate which affective factors exhibited an influence on job performance of workers in this sector. Mixed methods research was employed to analyse factors contributing to the five independent variables of demographics, skills and education, job satisfaction, motivation and experience, by investigating their influence on the dependent variable of job performance. The five independent variables were presented within a proposed conceptual framework of related and grouped affective factors. An online survey was constructed to collect data and perceptions from individuals currently employed in any capacity, in the ICT sector in South Africa. Ninety-nine suitable responses were received. The simple statistical technique of chi-square testing for independence was used to test the hypothesised relationships between the above-mentioned independent variables and the dependent variable of job performance. The empirical results revealed that many of the affective factors influencing the job performance of employees in the ICT sector in South Africa, are those that contribute to job satisfaction and motivation. These include aspects such as fair remuneration; transparent and clear organisational communication; managerial support and guidance; access to educational and career opportunities; and pleasant workplaces. In view of these findings, the study concluded that organisations that wish to improve their employees’ job performance, or attract and retain high-performing individuals, should formulate and implement policies and strategies that take into account these significant factors.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Lascot, Paul Michael John
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Job satisfaction , Career development , Employees -- Training of
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8703 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1009530 , Job satisfaction , Career development , Employees -- Training of
- Description: To achieve efficacy in the work place, employees need to perform at optimal levels. Researching and implementing strategies to improve job performance are fundamentally important to the development of the information and communication technology (ICT) sector in South Africa. However, scant research had been performed in this area. This study sought to present exploratory research in this emergent, rapidly expanding sector of the South African economy. Its primary aim was to investigate which affective factors exhibited an influence on job performance of workers in this sector. Mixed methods research was employed to analyse factors contributing to the five independent variables of demographics, skills and education, job satisfaction, motivation and experience, by investigating their influence on the dependent variable of job performance. The five independent variables were presented within a proposed conceptual framework of related and grouped affective factors. An online survey was constructed to collect data and perceptions from individuals currently employed in any capacity, in the ICT sector in South Africa. Ninety-nine suitable responses were received. The simple statistical technique of chi-square testing for independence was used to test the hypothesised relationships between the above-mentioned independent variables and the dependent variable of job performance. The empirical results revealed that many of the affective factors influencing the job performance of employees in the ICT sector in South Africa, are those that contribute to job satisfaction and motivation. These include aspects such as fair remuneration; transparent and clear organisational communication; managerial support and guidance; access to educational and career opportunities; and pleasant workplaces. In view of these findings, the study concluded that organisations that wish to improve their employees’ job performance, or attract and retain high-performing individuals, should formulate and implement policies and strategies that take into account these significant factors.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
Analysis of the management of conflict and transformation in the public service focussing on the central district, North West Province during 2000 to 2005
- Authors: Matlou, Molefe
- Date: 2011
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: vital:8168 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1310
- Description: The dawn of democracy in South Africa in 1994 placed an imperative on the government to make provision for transformation of the public service from the one that was base on race and gender to the one based on respect and dignity of people irrespective of race, gender or religion. The point of departure was to initiate change in legislation in order to create conducive environment for the public service to establish forums and commissions that would inform the approach that transformation had to take. One of the major challenges was to deal with the reality of a public service that was dominated by white males in order to implement the Constitutional imperative of equal opportunities to all and to enable black people in general and women in particular to occupy positions where their full potential and capabilities would be recognised. Affirmative Action became a tool that the new government adopted to inform the employment equity targets that every government department had to set for itself and annual reports had to be submitted to parliament for oversight to ensure that no government entity deviated from the realisation of the objective to fully transform the public service. The fact that there were some quarters within the broader society that perceived this is a threat and that within the targeted groups such as blacks and women there were people who felt that the concept „‟affirmative action‟‟ was degrading as it suggested that, despite their potential and education, black people and women still had to be affirmed was indicative of the conflict that resulted from the good intention by government to diversify the public service. To date, there are still institutions of government where males still dominate senior positions in the public service and women are still confined to lower level occupational bands which do not afford them an opportunity to rise to senior levels. The only recognisable change, one may argue, is that black males benefitted a lot more from transformation in the public service than females and people with disabilities. For all people to benefit from transformation in the public service there must be a vigilant approach to the implementation of policy and severe penalties for non compliance. Oversight bodies must be empowered to do a lot more than pep talk on transformation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Matlou, Molefe
- Date: 2011
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: vital:8168 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1310
- Description: The dawn of democracy in South Africa in 1994 placed an imperative on the government to make provision for transformation of the public service from the one that was base on race and gender to the one based on respect and dignity of people irrespective of race, gender or religion. The point of departure was to initiate change in legislation in order to create conducive environment for the public service to establish forums and commissions that would inform the approach that transformation had to take. One of the major challenges was to deal with the reality of a public service that was dominated by white males in order to implement the Constitutional imperative of equal opportunities to all and to enable black people in general and women in particular to occupy positions where their full potential and capabilities would be recognised. Affirmative Action became a tool that the new government adopted to inform the employment equity targets that every government department had to set for itself and annual reports had to be submitted to parliament for oversight to ensure that no government entity deviated from the realisation of the objective to fully transform the public service. The fact that there were some quarters within the broader society that perceived this is a threat and that within the targeted groups such as blacks and women there were people who felt that the concept „‟affirmative action‟‟ was degrading as it suggested that, despite their potential and education, black people and women still had to be affirmed was indicative of the conflict that resulted from the good intention by government to diversify the public service. To date, there are still institutions of government where males still dominate senior positions in the public service and women are still confined to lower level occupational bands which do not afford them an opportunity to rise to senior levels. The only recognisable change, one may argue, is that black males benefitted a lot more from transformation in the public service than females and people with disabilities. For all people to benefit from transformation in the public service there must be a vigilant approach to the implementation of policy and severe penalties for non compliance. Oversight bodies must be empowered to do a lot more than pep talk on transformation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
Analysis of the understanding of flexible manufacturing in the automotive component industry and selection of best implementation strategy
- Authors: Mostert, Clive
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Motor industry , Mass production
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8592 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1395 , Motor industry , Mass production
- Description: In a competitive manufacturing environment a firm must be able to simultaneously produce multiple and diverse products, upgrade and redesign its products in short life cycles, and execute efficient production changeovers. This implies that the firm's manufacturing facilities should be capable of efficiently responding to the changes associated with the above abilities. These capabilities are a key requirement for building an agile manufacturing enterprise. To successfully attain these capabilities a firm must evaluate and build flexibility in its manufacturing operations. Success in manufacturing requires the adoption of methods in customer acquisition and order fulfilment processes that can manage anticipated change with precision while providing a fast and flexible response to unanticipated changes. A review of the related literature reveals that though there has been considerable research on the subject of flexible manufacturing, insufficient attention has been devoted to the development of a comprehensive method for designing and building flexible manufacturing (FM) solutions. A significant portion of the FM research and the ensuing industrial applications have focused on highly automated metal working facilities, commonly referred to as flexible manufacturing system or FMS. The objective of this research was to understand what the general understanding of FMS is in the automotive component supplying industry as well as to develop a strategy based on world class principles on how to implement such a strategy. The established strategy will then be used to implement a FMS at Shatterprufe a division of the PFG group. A comprehensive literature study was conducted on Flexible Manufacturing to get a good idea on what it is all about. A questionnaire was designed based on the guidelines in the literature study in order to establish the understanding of FMS within companies in the automotive component supplying industries. Twenty five companies were selected, based on their employee numbers and potential high complexity in the parts that they manufacture. Participating companies must also be part of National Association of Automotive Component and Allied Manufacturers (NAACAM) and supplying directly to all of the local Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM’s). Eighteen out of the twenty five companies selected did participate and return the questionnaires. Three companies replied stating that they do not have a FMS in place and thus do not want to participate in the research. The completed questionnaires were processed and analysed using Microsoft Office Excel 2003, running on the Windows XP suite of computer packages. The opinions of the various respondents were compared with the guidelines provided in the literature survey, in order to identify how to answer the main questions the author wanted to use as part of selecting an appropriate implementation approach for FMS at Shatterprufe. The following were the main recommendations and conclusions: • It is essential that the executive team at Shatterprufe realises the need of a FM programme. Based on the analysis from the theoretical research as well as from the questionnaire it should not be difficult for them to realise this; • It is recommended that the knowledge gained from the research theory and that of the research questionnaire be used as a guideline for introduction and implementation; • It is recommended that the employees that will be required to implement the FMS are properly trained in the basics of WCM and FMS and that they receive the necessary tools to perform their tasks; • It is essential that everyone throughout the entire organisation is involved from the start in the development, improvement and maintenance of the system; • It is critical that the barriers to implementation be taken seriously at the start of the whole implementation process and plans be put in place to overcome them. Make sure that there is: • proper understanding of the total effort required; • complete management support; • union buy-in; • enough training carried out; • change of priorities; • full commitment and persistence; • development of a good installation strategy; and • insurance of choosing the right approach.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Mostert, Clive
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Motor industry , Mass production
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8592 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1395 , Motor industry , Mass production
- Description: In a competitive manufacturing environment a firm must be able to simultaneously produce multiple and diverse products, upgrade and redesign its products in short life cycles, and execute efficient production changeovers. This implies that the firm's manufacturing facilities should be capable of efficiently responding to the changes associated with the above abilities. These capabilities are a key requirement for building an agile manufacturing enterprise. To successfully attain these capabilities a firm must evaluate and build flexibility in its manufacturing operations. Success in manufacturing requires the adoption of methods in customer acquisition and order fulfilment processes that can manage anticipated change with precision while providing a fast and flexible response to unanticipated changes. A review of the related literature reveals that though there has been considerable research on the subject of flexible manufacturing, insufficient attention has been devoted to the development of a comprehensive method for designing and building flexible manufacturing (FM) solutions. A significant portion of the FM research and the ensuing industrial applications have focused on highly automated metal working facilities, commonly referred to as flexible manufacturing system or FMS. The objective of this research was to understand what the general understanding of FMS is in the automotive component supplying industry as well as to develop a strategy based on world class principles on how to implement such a strategy. The established strategy will then be used to implement a FMS at Shatterprufe a division of the PFG group. A comprehensive literature study was conducted on Flexible Manufacturing to get a good idea on what it is all about. A questionnaire was designed based on the guidelines in the literature study in order to establish the understanding of FMS within companies in the automotive component supplying industries. Twenty five companies were selected, based on their employee numbers and potential high complexity in the parts that they manufacture. Participating companies must also be part of National Association of Automotive Component and Allied Manufacturers (NAACAM) and supplying directly to all of the local Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM’s). Eighteen out of the twenty five companies selected did participate and return the questionnaires. Three companies replied stating that they do not have a FMS in place and thus do not want to participate in the research. The completed questionnaires were processed and analysed using Microsoft Office Excel 2003, running on the Windows XP suite of computer packages. The opinions of the various respondents were compared with the guidelines provided in the literature survey, in order to identify how to answer the main questions the author wanted to use as part of selecting an appropriate implementation approach for FMS at Shatterprufe. The following were the main recommendations and conclusions: • It is essential that the executive team at Shatterprufe realises the need of a FM programme. Based on the analysis from the theoretical research as well as from the questionnaire it should not be difficult for them to realise this; • It is recommended that the knowledge gained from the research theory and that of the research questionnaire be used as a guideline for introduction and implementation; • It is recommended that the employees that will be required to implement the FMS are properly trained in the basics of WCM and FMS and that they receive the necessary tools to perform their tasks; • It is essential that everyone throughout the entire organisation is involved from the start in the development, improvement and maintenance of the system; • It is critical that the barriers to implementation be taken seriously at the start of the whole implementation process and plans be put in place to overcome them. Make sure that there is: • proper understanding of the total effort required; • complete management support; • union buy-in; • enough training carried out; • change of priorities; • full commitment and persistence; • development of a good installation strategy; and • insurance of choosing the right approach.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
Antibacterial activity of liposome encapsulated cyclo(TYR-PRO)
- Authors: Tshanga, Siphokazi Sisanda
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Peptide antibiotics , Antibacterial agents -- Therapeutic use -- Testing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10132 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1450 , Peptide antibiotics , Antibacterial agents -- Therapeutic use -- Testing
- Description: Cyclic dipeptides (CDPs) are amino acid-based compounds, some of which possess antibacterial activity. The encapsulation of certain drugs into liposomes has been found to improve their activity in terms of bioavailability and duration of action. Liposomes are small vesicles that are under investigation as drug carriers for the delivery of therapeutic agents. A number of liposome formulations are currently under clinical trial review, whilst some have already been approved for clinical use. The aim of this study was to optimize a liposomal cyclo(Tyr-Pro) formulation and to assess its antibacterial activity against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Response surface methodology (RSM) using the central composite design (CCD) model was used to optimize liposomal formulations of cyclo(Tyr-Pro) for each of the four bacteria, namely Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Percent drug encapsulated and bacterial inhibition were investigated with respect to two independent variables, i.e. lipid composition and cholesterol content. Design Expert 8 was used for the purpose of finding the combination of independent variables that would yield an optimal formulation for each bacterium. The model selected by the software failed to adequately correlate the predicted models to the experimental data. The in vitro experiments showed that the antibacterial activity of liposome-encapsulated cyclo(Tyr-Pro) was superior to that of its free counterpart. Binding maximum or Bmax for the encapsulated compound at concentrations as low as 0.412 mg/ml, was significantly higher than that obtained for free cyclo(Tyr-Pro) which was tested at a concentration of 20 mg/ml. Furthermore, encapsulation of cyclo(Tyr-Pro) into a liposome formulation enhanced its potency. This was evident in the lower IC50 values for the liposomal compound when compared to free cyclo(Tyr-Pro).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Tshanga, Siphokazi Sisanda
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Peptide antibiotics , Antibacterial agents -- Therapeutic use -- Testing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10132 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1450 , Peptide antibiotics , Antibacterial agents -- Therapeutic use -- Testing
- Description: Cyclic dipeptides (CDPs) are amino acid-based compounds, some of which possess antibacterial activity. The encapsulation of certain drugs into liposomes has been found to improve their activity in terms of bioavailability and duration of action. Liposomes are small vesicles that are under investigation as drug carriers for the delivery of therapeutic agents. A number of liposome formulations are currently under clinical trial review, whilst some have already been approved for clinical use. The aim of this study was to optimize a liposomal cyclo(Tyr-Pro) formulation and to assess its antibacterial activity against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Response surface methodology (RSM) using the central composite design (CCD) model was used to optimize liposomal formulations of cyclo(Tyr-Pro) for each of the four bacteria, namely Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Percent drug encapsulated and bacterial inhibition were investigated with respect to two independent variables, i.e. lipid composition and cholesterol content. Design Expert 8 was used for the purpose of finding the combination of independent variables that would yield an optimal formulation for each bacterium. The model selected by the software failed to adequately correlate the predicted models to the experimental data. The in vitro experiments showed that the antibacterial activity of liposome-encapsulated cyclo(Tyr-Pro) was superior to that of its free counterpart. Binding maximum or Bmax for the encapsulated compound at concentrations as low as 0.412 mg/ml, was significantly higher than that obtained for free cyclo(Tyr-Pro) which was tested at a concentration of 20 mg/ml. Furthermore, encapsulation of cyclo(Tyr-Pro) into a liposome formulation enhanced its potency. This was evident in the lower IC50 values for the liposomal compound when compared to free cyclo(Tyr-Pro).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
Applicability of public-private partnership in provision of water infrastructure to central coastal Namibia mines
- Kavela, Lukas Tangeni Taukondjo
- Authors: Kavela, Lukas Tangeni Taukondjo
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Water-supply -- Namibia , Public-private sector cooperation -- Namibia -- Water-supply
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:9701 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1015641
- Description: This study investigated the potential application of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) in water supply, taking cognisance of the water demand and supply in the Central Coastal Namibian (CCN) mines. NamWater does not meet demand for the existing and planned mines in the CCN. Primary objective was to investigate and analyse water demand and supply as well as the effectiveness of PPP as a solution by exploring its potential, successes and challenges. In order to obtain relevant information, literature review was used to collect evidence on water demand and supply in the north-central Namibia as well as the application of PPP in provision of water supply. Multi-case studies were carried out on three operational mines, namely; Rio Tinto Rössing Uranium Mine, Langer Heinrich Uranium Mine and Areva Trekkopje Uranium Mine to attain empirical data on water supply requirements. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data supplemented by interviews with NamWater, operational mines within the study area, government institutions, and knowledgeable consultants on water and the mining environment. The key findings included: institutional weaknesses and lack of legislation frameworks to support PPP projects; skills shortage; and financing problems were identified as major challenges. Results further show that these problems could be resolved by effectively implementing a PPP approach, whereby the Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) enters into a contract with the public authority. The study concludes that there is a need to increase water output to meet current and future supply requirements to these mines. This situation should be addressed by all stakeholders, from government to private sectors. The study recommends that a sea water desalination plant should be developed to increase water capacity supply to the existing operational and prospective mines in the area. The PPP approach is proposed as a possible solution to water supply infrastructure service delivery problem to ensure long-term water security in the CCN mines.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Kavela, Lukas Tangeni Taukondjo
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Water-supply -- Namibia , Public-private sector cooperation -- Namibia -- Water-supply
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:9701 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1015641
- Description: This study investigated the potential application of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) in water supply, taking cognisance of the water demand and supply in the Central Coastal Namibian (CCN) mines. NamWater does not meet demand for the existing and planned mines in the CCN. Primary objective was to investigate and analyse water demand and supply as well as the effectiveness of PPP as a solution by exploring its potential, successes and challenges. In order to obtain relevant information, literature review was used to collect evidence on water demand and supply in the north-central Namibia as well as the application of PPP in provision of water supply. Multi-case studies were carried out on three operational mines, namely; Rio Tinto Rössing Uranium Mine, Langer Heinrich Uranium Mine and Areva Trekkopje Uranium Mine to attain empirical data on water supply requirements. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data supplemented by interviews with NamWater, operational mines within the study area, government institutions, and knowledgeable consultants on water and the mining environment. The key findings included: institutional weaknesses and lack of legislation frameworks to support PPP projects; skills shortage; and financing problems were identified as major challenges. Results further show that these problems could be resolved by effectively implementing a PPP approach, whereby the Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) enters into a contract with the public authority. The study concludes that there is a need to increase water output to meet current and future supply requirements to these mines. This situation should be addressed by all stakeholders, from government to private sectors. The study recommends that a sea water desalination plant should be developed to increase water capacity supply to the existing operational and prospective mines in the area. The PPP approach is proposed as a possible solution to water supply infrastructure service delivery problem to ensure long-term water security in the CCN mines.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
Application of lean manufacturing tools in cash centres to improve operational efficiency
- Authors: Smith, Ryan Erich
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Lean manufacturing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8647 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1391 , Lean manufacturing
- Description: Financial institutes, typically banks, that derive funding from the collection of cash deposits, could derive benefit from the research. In addition, companies who act as outsourced suppliers to such institutes, and therefore process cash deposits on behalf of the banks should derive a similar benefit. Notably, some financial institutes outsource their cash management services. The advantages of outsourcing, such as freeing up staff, and getting the organisation to focus on its core activities, has to be weighed against the challenges that it provides. Hines et al. (2000: 17) note that outsourcing often means a heavy reliance on third party for service, the reliance on third parties 7 for the managing of funds, as well as the risk of securing customer confidentiality. Referring to a survey done by Ernst and Young in 1999, Hines et al. (2000: 15) revealed that revenue from cash management had grown from $7 billion in 1993, to $10 billion in 1999. It would thus be hard to overstate the significance of this industry, or the importance of gaining a competitive advantage. This research aims to provide some guideline on how the banks could become more competitive through pricing and service without cross-subsidising their bulk cash processing divisions. Competitiveness, in turn, would be derived by improving productivity through the application and transfer of lean tools from manufacturing and the service industry. Although the lean approach is well established in the manufacturing sector and certain product-service sectors, evidence of lean in pure service environments is very limited (Piercy & Rich, 2009: 59). Cash centres have a unique combination of service and product environments in the sense that: (1) cash is the commodity and (2) the commodity received from customers is in a sense used as raw material to create products like floats, payrolls, and cash for ATMs. This research could therefore contribute to the way management views the suitability of lean production methodologies in the context of a part product and part service environment such as the cash centre.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Smith, Ryan Erich
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Lean manufacturing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8647 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1391 , Lean manufacturing
- Description: Financial institutes, typically banks, that derive funding from the collection of cash deposits, could derive benefit from the research. In addition, companies who act as outsourced suppliers to such institutes, and therefore process cash deposits on behalf of the banks should derive a similar benefit. Notably, some financial institutes outsource their cash management services. The advantages of outsourcing, such as freeing up staff, and getting the organisation to focus on its core activities, has to be weighed against the challenges that it provides. Hines et al. (2000: 17) note that outsourcing often means a heavy reliance on third party for service, the reliance on third parties 7 for the managing of funds, as well as the risk of securing customer confidentiality. Referring to a survey done by Ernst and Young in 1999, Hines et al. (2000: 15) revealed that revenue from cash management had grown from $7 billion in 1993, to $10 billion in 1999. It would thus be hard to overstate the significance of this industry, or the importance of gaining a competitive advantage. This research aims to provide some guideline on how the banks could become more competitive through pricing and service without cross-subsidising their bulk cash processing divisions. Competitiveness, in turn, would be derived by improving productivity through the application and transfer of lean tools from manufacturing and the service industry. Although the lean approach is well established in the manufacturing sector and certain product-service sectors, evidence of lean in pure service environments is very limited (Piercy & Rich, 2009: 59). Cash centres have a unique combination of service and product environments in the sense that: (1) cash is the commodity and (2) the commodity received from customers is in a sense used as raw material to create products like floats, payrolls, and cash for ATMs. This research could therefore contribute to the way management views the suitability of lean production methodologies in the context of a part product and part service environment such as the cash centre.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011