Cultural position and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder
- Authors: Dorfling, Inge-Louise
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Post-traumatic stress disorder
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/46371 , vital:39564
- Description: Trauma exposure and PTSD are widespread health concerns in South Africa. This country is also extremely culturally diverse. The effects of cultural position on PTSD development are unknown. The objective was to explore these possibilities in detail. Individuals eighteen years or older with a stable pre-existing PTSD diagnosis participated in semi-structured voice recorded interviews. Both participants displayed clear conscious changes in cultural position following trauma exposure, some of which are believed to be due to a failure of support and acknowledgement from their collective. This would have contributed to PTSD development. Main themes identified were reactions of others and a paradigm shift. Further, more detailed research is required in this field.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Dorfling, Inge-Louise
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Post-traumatic stress disorder
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/46371 , vital:39564
- Description: Trauma exposure and PTSD are widespread health concerns in South Africa. This country is also extremely culturally diverse. The effects of cultural position on PTSD development are unknown. The objective was to explore these possibilities in detail. Individuals eighteen years or older with a stable pre-existing PTSD diagnosis participated in semi-structured voice recorded interviews. Both participants displayed clear conscious changes in cultural position following trauma exposure, some of which are believed to be due to a failure of support and acknowledgement from their collective. This would have contributed to PTSD development. Main themes identified were reactions of others and a paradigm shift. Further, more detailed research is required in this field.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
A systematic review of operationalizations of culture in post traumatic stress
- Ramasodi, Precious, Cronje, Johan
- Authors: Ramasodi, Precious , Cronje, Johan
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Post-traumatic stress disorder
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43037 , vital:36729
- Description: Research which looks at the influence of culture on posttraumatic experience has explored the culture construct through many differing lenses. This is because of the complex nature of culture. Since investigators may delineate culture in any number of ways there are a host of ways in which culture can be operationalised. The presence of differing operationalisations of culture in the literature is not necessarily a hindrance to the furtherance of knowledge. However, researchers may find it beneficial to employ similar operational terms in order for studies to be compared and amalgamated. The present study reviewed literature studies published between 1980 and 2018 that explored Post Traumatic Stress Disorder(PTSD) in different cultural cohorts. Thirty qualitative and quantitative research reports were assessed and six different operational terms were found. These were namely: geographic location, nationality, race, language, religion and ethnicity. Many articles in the pooled articles employed more than one operational to delineate the target population. The key themes which emerged from the pooled articles were the impact of differences between researcher and study participants, the differences in symptom expression and the stigma of the posttraumatic disorder.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Ramasodi, Precious , Cronje, Johan
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Post-traumatic stress disorder
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43037 , vital:36729
- Description: Research which looks at the influence of culture on posttraumatic experience has explored the culture construct through many differing lenses. This is because of the complex nature of culture. Since investigators may delineate culture in any number of ways there are a host of ways in which culture can be operationalised. The presence of differing operationalisations of culture in the literature is not necessarily a hindrance to the furtherance of knowledge. However, researchers may find it beneficial to employ similar operational terms in order for studies to be compared and amalgamated. The present study reviewed literature studies published between 1980 and 2018 that explored Post Traumatic Stress Disorder(PTSD) in different cultural cohorts. Thirty qualitative and quantitative research reports were assessed and six different operational terms were found. These were namely: geographic location, nationality, race, language, religion and ethnicity. Many articles in the pooled articles employed more than one operational to delineate the target population. The key themes which emerged from the pooled articles were the impact of differences between researcher and study participants, the differences in symptom expression and the stigma of the posttraumatic disorder.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Bullying victimisation and traumatic stress severity among high school learners
- Authors: Meyer, Courtney Clarissa
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Bullying in schools , Bullying Victimisation Developmental psychology Social psychology , Post-traumatic stress disorder
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/41864 , vital:36604
- Description: Bullying victimisation is experienced extensively in international and South African schools and results in numerous serious consequences for the victim, traumatic stress being one of these, which has received limited attention in South African literature. This led to the study which had the overall aim to explore and describe the relationship between bullying victimisation and traumatic stress severity among high school learners in the Nelson Mandela Metropole. Seven hundred and thirty-five learners from grades eight through to twelve, from the two selected public high schools were sampled using stratified random sampling. A quantitative research design, which is exploratory, descriptive and correlational was followed. Four self-reported written administered questionnaires, namely a biographical questionnaire, the revised Olweus Bully/Victim questionnaire, the PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) questionnaire and an adapted version of part 1 of the Harvard Trauma questionnaire, were used as data collection measures in this study. The data was analysed and interpreted using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis. The findings portrayed that 20.95% of the learners from the two selected public high schools in the Nelson Mandela Metropole experienced bullying victimisation. It was also found that just under one third (31.21%) of the high school learners may be suffering from severe traumatic stress. When applying multiple linear regression analysis to the data, being exposed to bullying victimisation specifically in the form of verbal bullying, social exclusion/isolation bullying, emotional/psychological bullying and/or sexual bullying was seen to significantly contribute to the traumatic stress severity reported by the learners. Traumatic stress severity was however seen to depend on the frequency of bullying victimisation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Meyer, Courtney Clarissa
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Bullying in schools , Bullying Victimisation Developmental psychology Social psychology , Post-traumatic stress disorder
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/41864 , vital:36604
- Description: Bullying victimisation is experienced extensively in international and South African schools and results in numerous serious consequences for the victim, traumatic stress being one of these, which has received limited attention in South African literature. This led to the study which had the overall aim to explore and describe the relationship between bullying victimisation and traumatic stress severity among high school learners in the Nelson Mandela Metropole. Seven hundred and thirty-five learners from grades eight through to twelve, from the two selected public high schools were sampled using stratified random sampling. A quantitative research design, which is exploratory, descriptive and correlational was followed. Four self-reported written administered questionnaires, namely a biographical questionnaire, the revised Olweus Bully/Victim questionnaire, the PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) questionnaire and an adapted version of part 1 of the Harvard Trauma questionnaire, were used as data collection measures in this study. The data was analysed and interpreted using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis. The findings portrayed that 20.95% of the learners from the two selected public high schools in the Nelson Mandela Metropole experienced bullying victimisation. It was also found that just under one third (31.21%) of the high school learners may be suffering from severe traumatic stress. When applying multiple linear regression analysis to the data, being exposed to bullying victimisation specifically in the form of verbal bullying, social exclusion/isolation bullying, emotional/psychological bullying and/or sexual bullying was seen to significantly contribute to the traumatic stress severity reported by the learners. Traumatic stress severity was however seen to depend on the frequency of bullying victimisation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Self-esteem and traumatic stress severity in individuals from individualists and collectivists’ perspectives
- Authors: Singh, Romisha
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Post-traumatic stress disorder , Self-esteem Self-esteem -- Cross-cultural studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23186 , vital:30451
- Description: It is evident that traumatic stress influences cultures differently but how this happens is still unclear. It may be assumed that the differences in PTSD severity between independent and interdependent cultures may exist due to the differential influence of individual self-esteem. Although some international research is prevalent, none address the issue of self-esteem and the cultural element of independent vs interdependent specifically and to the knowledge of the researcher no similar South African research exists. To investigate whether independent or interdependent classification mediates the influence of individual self-esteem on traumatic stress severity, a quantitative correlational design is used. Based on a sample size of N=197, an independent sample t-test – with unequal group sizes - suggested that individuals from independent and interdependent cultures reportedly expressed post-traumatic symptomology similarly. Results from the ANCOVA have indicated that individual self-esteem does not influence traumatic stress severity and that independently classified White English speaking participants between the ages of 21-30 are more likely to experience higher levels of traumatic stress severity as opposed to interdependently classified Coloured Afrikaans speaking participants between the ages of 21-30. Finally, chi-square analysis indicated that ethnicity cannot be deemed as a variable that can predict culture classification. However, the varying home language preferences in cultures suggest a possibility of varying ethnic identities within each of the ethnic groups.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Singh, Romisha
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Post-traumatic stress disorder , Self-esteem Self-esteem -- Cross-cultural studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23186 , vital:30451
- Description: It is evident that traumatic stress influences cultures differently but how this happens is still unclear. It may be assumed that the differences in PTSD severity between independent and interdependent cultures may exist due to the differential influence of individual self-esteem. Although some international research is prevalent, none address the issue of self-esteem and the cultural element of independent vs interdependent specifically and to the knowledge of the researcher no similar South African research exists. To investigate whether independent or interdependent classification mediates the influence of individual self-esteem on traumatic stress severity, a quantitative correlational design is used. Based on a sample size of N=197, an independent sample t-test – with unequal group sizes - suggested that individuals from independent and interdependent cultures reportedly expressed post-traumatic symptomology similarly. Results from the ANCOVA have indicated that individual self-esteem does not influence traumatic stress severity and that independently classified White English speaking participants between the ages of 21-30 are more likely to experience higher levels of traumatic stress severity as opposed to interdependently classified Coloured Afrikaans speaking participants between the ages of 21-30. Finally, chi-square analysis indicated that ethnicity cannot be deemed as a variable that can predict culture classification. However, the varying home language preferences in cultures suggest a possibility of varying ethnic identities within each of the ethnic groups.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
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