Uphononongo-nzulu ngokwesithako solwazi lwemveli ngefuthe lolwimi lokuhlonipha kuluntu jikelele
- Authors: Dude, Linda Miranda
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Xhosa language -- Reseach , Psycholinguistics Anthropological linguistics Sociolinguistics
- Language: Isixhosa
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29904 , vital:30792
- Description: Olu phando lubunjwe ukuze luphande ifuthe lolwimi lokuhlonipha, oluyenye yeentsika eqamele ngazo inkcubeko yabantu abaNtsundu. Luphando olugxile kwinkcubeko yabantu abantetho isisiXhosa, igcuntswana labemi oluyinxalenye yeentlanga zoMzantsi Afrika. Umphandi ubone kubalulekile kwaye kunyanzelekile ukuba akhe aphose amehlo anike ingqalelo kwinkcubeko yamaXhosa ephanda nzulu ngamabakala okukhula nokudodobala kwenkcubeko yamaXhosa. Olu phando luqamele ngamandla kulwimi lokuhlonipha lungqanyaniswa neenkqubo zenkcubeko ezifana nolwaluko, umtshato wesiNtu, luchankcathe phezu kolwimi lwentlonelo kuhlonelwa izinto ezahlukileyo ezifana nemozulu, imilambo, amangcwaba, iinkundla kunye nezinye. Okukona kuphakamise umphandi ukuba enze olu phando yinto yokuba ukufika kwempucuko yaseNtshona, ukunaba okanye ukwanda kwenkolo yobuKrestu, ukudibana kwabamnyama nabamhlophe ingakumbi kwimitshato, ukuthandana kube nefuthe kulwimi lokuhlonipha olusakuba yintsika yenkcubeko yamaXhosa iinkulungwane ngeenkulungwane zeminyaka. Xa sijonga iinguqu kwezembali nezopolitiko nezithe zabanefuthe elibonakalayo ekutyeshelweni kwenkcubeko yamaXhosa, olu phando luza kwayama uxhase uqalo ngokutsha sithathe apho sishiye khona, loo nto ikukuzama ukuvuselela zonke izinto ezazisandula zisenzeka ukugcina inkcubeko nobuzwe bethu. Olu phando luza kuthi lugxininise kulwimi lwesiXhosa nenkcubeko yalo. Le ngxoxo iza kujonga okokuba intetho yamaXhosa ethi: indoda njengentloko, inefuthe elingakanani ekubekeni abantu ababhinqileyo kumgangatho ongezantsi kowamadoda.Injongo yingxam yaloo nto umntu afuna ukuyibhentsisa. Yintsusa mabandla eyenza ukuba umntu aphakame aphande exhinele ukubona inguqu okanye aphuhlise okuthile. Injongo yolu phando kukutsala emva ludandalazise lutyhile ubutyebi benkcubeko yamaXhosa. Olu phando luza kudandalazisa lubeke elubala indlela izinto zazisenziwa ngayo singekaxhwilwa simke nomrhiba wempucuko yaseNtshona. Olu phando luza kuphuhlisa lubonise indima edlalwa lulwimi lokuhlonipha ekwakheni isizwe esiphilileyo nesomeleleyo. Luza kuqwalasela ifuthe lwenkolo yobuKrestu nefike yatshintsha indlela olwalubaluleke ngayo unqulo kwaXhosa, abantu, iindawo, izilo ezazihlonitshwa zinikwa indawo ebalulekileyo esizweni. Luzama ukwenza utshongo oluza kuhlafuna wona umthinjana nomlisela osakhulayo wesizwe esiNtsundu lugcine amasiko nezithethe.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Dude, Linda Miranda
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Xhosa language -- Reseach , Psycholinguistics Anthropological linguistics Sociolinguistics
- Language: Isixhosa
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29904 , vital:30792
- Description: Olu phando lubunjwe ukuze luphande ifuthe lolwimi lokuhlonipha, oluyenye yeentsika eqamele ngazo inkcubeko yabantu abaNtsundu. Luphando olugxile kwinkcubeko yabantu abantetho isisiXhosa, igcuntswana labemi oluyinxalenye yeentlanga zoMzantsi Afrika. Umphandi ubone kubalulekile kwaye kunyanzelekile ukuba akhe aphose amehlo anike ingqalelo kwinkcubeko yamaXhosa ephanda nzulu ngamabakala okukhula nokudodobala kwenkcubeko yamaXhosa. Olu phando luqamele ngamandla kulwimi lokuhlonipha lungqanyaniswa neenkqubo zenkcubeko ezifana nolwaluko, umtshato wesiNtu, luchankcathe phezu kolwimi lwentlonelo kuhlonelwa izinto ezahlukileyo ezifana nemozulu, imilambo, amangcwaba, iinkundla kunye nezinye. Okukona kuphakamise umphandi ukuba enze olu phando yinto yokuba ukufika kwempucuko yaseNtshona, ukunaba okanye ukwanda kwenkolo yobuKrestu, ukudibana kwabamnyama nabamhlophe ingakumbi kwimitshato, ukuthandana kube nefuthe kulwimi lokuhlonipha olusakuba yintsika yenkcubeko yamaXhosa iinkulungwane ngeenkulungwane zeminyaka. Xa sijonga iinguqu kwezembali nezopolitiko nezithe zabanefuthe elibonakalayo ekutyeshelweni kwenkcubeko yamaXhosa, olu phando luza kwayama uxhase uqalo ngokutsha sithathe apho sishiye khona, loo nto ikukuzama ukuvuselela zonke izinto ezazisandula zisenzeka ukugcina inkcubeko nobuzwe bethu. Olu phando luza kuthi lugxininise kulwimi lwesiXhosa nenkcubeko yalo. Le ngxoxo iza kujonga okokuba intetho yamaXhosa ethi: indoda njengentloko, inefuthe elingakanani ekubekeni abantu ababhinqileyo kumgangatho ongezantsi kowamadoda.Injongo yingxam yaloo nto umntu afuna ukuyibhentsisa. Yintsusa mabandla eyenza ukuba umntu aphakame aphande exhinele ukubona inguqu okanye aphuhlise okuthile. Injongo yolu phando kukutsala emva ludandalazise lutyhile ubutyebi benkcubeko yamaXhosa. Olu phando luza kudandalazisa lubeke elubala indlela izinto zazisenziwa ngayo singekaxhwilwa simke nomrhiba wempucuko yaseNtshona. Olu phando luza kuphuhlisa lubonise indima edlalwa lulwimi lokuhlonipha ekwakheni isizwe esiphilileyo nesomeleleyo. Luza kuqwalasela ifuthe lwenkolo yobuKrestu nefike yatshintsha indlela olwalubaluleke ngayo unqulo kwaXhosa, abantu, iindawo, izilo ezazihlonitshwa zinikwa indawo ebalulekileyo esizweni. Luzama ukwenza utshongo oluza kuhlafuna wona umthinjana nomlisela osakhulayo wesizwe esiNtsundu lugcine amasiko nezithethe.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Urban agriculture and stokvels
- Authors: Sonti, Yolisa Wendy
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Urban agriculture -- Economic aspects , Agriculture -- Finance Cooperative societies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23142 , vital:30433
- Description: Agriculture has been identified as a strategy for sustainable development in an attempt to improve food security and alleviate poverty around the world. Urban agriculture is the practise of farming and gardening in urban and peri-urban areas. There has been a growing trend to involve innovative methods to urban agriculture due to lack of land in urban areas. Stokvels are informal saving groups popularly used in South Africa. This is one of the strategies families in South Africa use to generate income, as a result of the high rate of unemployment in the country. The income from stokvels is used by members to source food and sustain their families. This study aims to investigate the possibility of using stokvels in urban agriculture for entrepreneurial purposes to improve the level of food security and alleviate unemployment and increase the household income of families in South Africa. This study therefore reviews literature on urban agriculture and identifies its enablers and barriers. Literature on stokvels is also reviewed, the reasons for participation in stokvels are highlighted and the different types of stokvels are also identified. The literature that was reviewed on urban agriculture and stokvels informed the questionnaire of the study. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a representative sample of 152 stokvel members in the Nelson Mandela Bay Area. The results from the questionnaire were then analysed using univariate analysis and descriptive statistics. Multivariate analysis and inferential statistics were also used for data analysis. The findings of the study revealed that stokvel members know agriculture activities although they do not use their stokvel funds to participate in urban agriculture. The study found that stokvel members participate in stokvels as means to generate income for their households. It was also found that there is interest among stokvel members to use their stokvel funds in urban agriculture. A conceptual model of urban agriculture for stokvel members was developed from the study which enabled the possibility for future detailed research in testing the model.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Sonti, Yolisa Wendy
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Urban agriculture -- Economic aspects , Agriculture -- Finance Cooperative societies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23142 , vital:30433
- Description: Agriculture has been identified as a strategy for sustainable development in an attempt to improve food security and alleviate poverty around the world. Urban agriculture is the practise of farming and gardening in urban and peri-urban areas. There has been a growing trend to involve innovative methods to urban agriculture due to lack of land in urban areas. Stokvels are informal saving groups popularly used in South Africa. This is one of the strategies families in South Africa use to generate income, as a result of the high rate of unemployment in the country. The income from stokvels is used by members to source food and sustain their families. This study aims to investigate the possibility of using stokvels in urban agriculture for entrepreneurial purposes to improve the level of food security and alleviate unemployment and increase the household income of families in South Africa. This study therefore reviews literature on urban agriculture and identifies its enablers and barriers. Literature on stokvels is also reviewed, the reasons for participation in stokvels are highlighted and the different types of stokvels are also identified. The literature that was reviewed on urban agriculture and stokvels informed the questionnaire of the study. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a representative sample of 152 stokvel members in the Nelson Mandela Bay Area. The results from the questionnaire were then analysed using univariate analysis and descriptive statistics. Multivariate analysis and inferential statistics were also used for data analysis. The findings of the study revealed that stokvel members know agriculture activities although they do not use their stokvel funds to participate in urban agriculture. The study found that stokvel members participate in stokvels as means to generate income for their households. It was also found that there is interest among stokvel members to use their stokvel funds in urban agriculture. A conceptual model of urban agriculture for stokvel members was developed from the study which enabled the possibility for future detailed research in testing the model.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Urban agriculture in Nelson Mandela Bay: a case study
- Authors: Philander, Bronwyn
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Urban agriculture -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Agriculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Agriculture -- Economic aspects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/34318 , vital:33301
- Description: Urban agriculture has gained importance due to the rise of both urban poverty and unemployment. In countries such as Malaysia, urban agriculture addresses food security by providing urban dwellers with access to nutritious, safe and cost-effective food. The rising food prices and unemployment in South Africa have put food security of the urban poor in a precarious position and whilst the benefits of urban agriculture have been researched, the main problem identified was that residents in Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB) were not practising urban agriculture. Thus, this study aims to identify the enablers and barriers of urban agriculture in NMB. The positivism paradigm was adopted for this study. The study was an exploratory study and used Holland Park as a case study. Holland Park is situated in the centre of the city of Port Elizabeth, also known as NMB and is surrounded by Mercantile Hospital, Aspen Pharmaceutical Company, Mondelez International (previously Cadbury) and Morewag Primary School. It falls within ward seven namely the Greenacres/North End cluster of the Nelson Mandela Bay geographical area. This area consists of approximately 1189 residents and most women are housewives. This area was chosen due to the high rate of unemployment amongst women. A sample of 300 was drawn from residents in Holland Park. The selection of the respondents was based on convenience sampling. A cross sectional study was conducted and data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The measuring instrument used an existing questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the measuring instrument were confirmed using construct validity and internal reliability. Exploratory factor analysis was undertaken and six factors were extracted, namely attitude, food availability, lifestyle, awareness, perceptions and knowledge. These factors were thus identified as the enablers and barriers of urban agriculture. Data collected were subject to several statistical analyses – these included both descriptive and inferential statistics. Pearson’s product moment correlations were conducted and findings revealed that all factors except food availability are significantly and positively correlated to the dependent variable, urban agriculture. In addition, food availability showed a negative correlation and a high positive correlation was reported between urban agriculture and knowledge. Hereafter, multiple regression analysis was performed, to identify the strength of the effect that the independent variables, namely attitude, food availability, awareness, lifestyle, perceptions and knowledge have on the dependent variable, urban agriculture. This allowed the researcher to make conclusions as to whether the independent variables are enablers or barriers, depending on the strength of effect. Thus, the enablers identified for this study were attitude, lifestyle and perceptions. These factors were all positive and significantly related to urban agriculture. Food availability was negatively related to urban agriculture, indicating that the more residents had food available, the less they would practise or participate in urban agriculture. Thus, food availability was found to be a barrier to practising urban agriculture in NMB. Finally, awareness and knowledge (under multiple regression analysis) appeared to have not been significantly related to urban agriculture – as such it was insignificant and could not be regarded an enabler nor a barrier. In order to establish whether relationships existed between the demographic factors (age, gender, qualification, employment status and being a breadwinner) and the independent variables (attitude, food availability, lifestyle, awareness, knowledge and perceptions) investigated in this study, an analysis of variance was undertaken. The results indicated that gender, employment status and being a breadwinner were not related to any of the factors. However, qualification had a significant relationship with attitude (p<0.000), awareness (p<0.004), knowledge (p<0.040) and perceptions (p<0.000), indicating that residents who had a post-matric qualification indicated a positive attitude towards urban agriculture and were more aware of the benefits of urban agriculture towards one’s health and the environment. Findings also revealed that having a post-matric qualification influenced residents’ knowledge with regard to growing food in a sustainable manner, such as using recyclable materials (as holding containers) when practising urban agriculture. In addition, having a post-matric qualification influenced residents’ perceptions regarding urban agriculture, these related to teaching children the importance of gardening (amongst others). In conclusion, findings indicated that residents had an interest in urban agriculture and had some knowledge with regard to growing their own fruit and vegetables.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Philander, Bronwyn
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Urban agriculture -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Agriculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Agriculture -- Economic aspects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/34318 , vital:33301
- Description: Urban agriculture has gained importance due to the rise of both urban poverty and unemployment. In countries such as Malaysia, urban agriculture addresses food security by providing urban dwellers with access to nutritious, safe and cost-effective food. The rising food prices and unemployment in South Africa have put food security of the urban poor in a precarious position and whilst the benefits of urban agriculture have been researched, the main problem identified was that residents in Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB) were not practising urban agriculture. Thus, this study aims to identify the enablers and barriers of urban agriculture in NMB. The positivism paradigm was adopted for this study. The study was an exploratory study and used Holland Park as a case study. Holland Park is situated in the centre of the city of Port Elizabeth, also known as NMB and is surrounded by Mercantile Hospital, Aspen Pharmaceutical Company, Mondelez International (previously Cadbury) and Morewag Primary School. It falls within ward seven namely the Greenacres/North End cluster of the Nelson Mandela Bay geographical area. This area consists of approximately 1189 residents and most women are housewives. This area was chosen due to the high rate of unemployment amongst women. A sample of 300 was drawn from residents in Holland Park. The selection of the respondents was based on convenience sampling. A cross sectional study was conducted and data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The measuring instrument used an existing questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the measuring instrument were confirmed using construct validity and internal reliability. Exploratory factor analysis was undertaken and six factors were extracted, namely attitude, food availability, lifestyle, awareness, perceptions and knowledge. These factors were thus identified as the enablers and barriers of urban agriculture. Data collected were subject to several statistical analyses – these included both descriptive and inferential statistics. Pearson’s product moment correlations were conducted and findings revealed that all factors except food availability are significantly and positively correlated to the dependent variable, urban agriculture. In addition, food availability showed a negative correlation and a high positive correlation was reported between urban agriculture and knowledge. Hereafter, multiple regression analysis was performed, to identify the strength of the effect that the independent variables, namely attitude, food availability, awareness, lifestyle, perceptions and knowledge have on the dependent variable, urban agriculture. This allowed the researcher to make conclusions as to whether the independent variables are enablers or barriers, depending on the strength of effect. Thus, the enablers identified for this study were attitude, lifestyle and perceptions. These factors were all positive and significantly related to urban agriculture. Food availability was negatively related to urban agriculture, indicating that the more residents had food available, the less they would practise or participate in urban agriculture. Thus, food availability was found to be a barrier to practising urban agriculture in NMB. Finally, awareness and knowledge (under multiple regression analysis) appeared to have not been significantly related to urban agriculture – as such it was insignificant and could not be regarded an enabler nor a barrier. In order to establish whether relationships existed between the demographic factors (age, gender, qualification, employment status and being a breadwinner) and the independent variables (attitude, food availability, lifestyle, awareness, knowledge and perceptions) investigated in this study, an analysis of variance was undertaken. The results indicated that gender, employment status and being a breadwinner were not related to any of the factors. However, qualification had a significant relationship with attitude (p<0.000), awareness (p<0.004), knowledge (p<0.040) and perceptions (p<0.000), indicating that residents who had a post-matric qualification indicated a positive attitude towards urban agriculture and were more aware of the benefits of urban agriculture towards one’s health and the environment. Findings also revealed that having a post-matric qualification influenced residents’ knowledge with regard to growing food in a sustainable manner, such as using recyclable materials (as holding containers) when practising urban agriculture. In addition, having a post-matric qualification influenced residents’ perceptions regarding urban agriculture, these related to teaching children the importance of gardening (amongst others). In conclusion, findings indicated that residents had an interest in urban agriculture and had some knowledge with regard to growing their own fruit and vegetables.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Use of recycled rubber tyres as an alternative ingredient in cementitious building materials
- Authors: Yuill, Robert Mark
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Building materials , Building materials -- Environmental aspects Sustainable construction Recycled products
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29783 , vital:30777
- Description: The need to incorporate recycled materials in building products is becoming more important than ever before. There is an abundance of waste rubber tyres which in turn results in a waste management issue. The use of waste rubber tyres in cementitious building material provides a possible solution to the problem (Kathomi, 2009:10). Previous research has shown the introduction of recycled rubber tyre crumb can improve the durability, thermal and acoustic performance in residential and commercial buildings. This could result in lives of dwellers in concrete block buildings in South Africa improving due to these characteristics whilst potentially creating a cost-effective, sustainable building material. A grading analysis, loose and compacted bulk densities and relative densities were determined to provide a mix design. Three tests were conducted for this study namely compressive strength, fire and thermal performance and acoustic performance. The testing was conducted on 100mmx100mm cubes at varying rubber replacement percentages. The replacement values were 10%, 20% and 30% tested against a control of ordinary concrete. The waste rubber crumb was a replacement for sand. The research of this study showed 20 % decrease of compression strength at 10 % rubber replacement compared to the control, 55 % decrease at 20 % rubber replacement and 75% decrease at 30 % rubber replacement. The thermal performance test showed a 24 % lower temperature for 10 % rubber replacement compared to the control, 39 % lower temperature at 20 % rubber replacement and 52 % lower temperature at 30 % rubber replacement. All rubber replacement % samples and the control performed adequately in the flame resistance test. The smoke density test showed that all rubber replacement % samples did not release a quantity of smoke which would be deemed dangerous. The acoustic performance test showed the values at 10% rubber replacement was 6 % lower; at 20% rubber replacement; 4% lower and at 30% rubber replacement 14 % lower. Based on these results, the acoustic performance regarding transmission increases with a rubber replacement % higher than 20 %.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Yuill, Robert Mark
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Building materials , Building materials -- Environmental aspects Sustainable construction Recycled products
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29783 , vital:30777
- Description: The need to incorporate recycled materials in building products is becoming more important than ever before. There is an abundance of waste rubber tyres which in turn results in a waste management issue. The use of waste rubber tyres in cementitious building material provides a possible solution to the problem (Kathomi, 2009:10). Previous research has shown the introduction of recycled rubber tyre crumb can improve the durability, thermal and acoustic performance in residential and commercial buildings. This could result in lives of dwellers in concrete block buildings in South Africa improving due to these characteristics whilst potentially creating a cost-effective, sustainable building material. A grading analysis, loose and compacted bulk densities and relative densities were determined to provide a mix design. Three tests were conducted for this study namely compressive strength, fire and thermal performance and acoustic performance. The testing was conducted on 100mmx100mm cubes at varying rubber replacement percentages. The replacement values were 10%, 20% and 30% tested against a control of ordinary concrete. The waste rubber crumb was a replacement for sand. The research of this study showed 20 % decrease of compression strength at 10 % rubber replacement compared to the control, 55 % decrease at 20 % rubber replacement and 75% decrease at 30 % rubber replacement. The thermal performance test showed a 24 % lower temperature for 10 % rubber replacement compared to the control, 39 % lower temperature at 20 % rubber replacement and 52 % lower temperature at 30 % rubber replacement. All rubber replacement % samples and the control performed adequately in the flame resistance test. The smoke density test showed that all rubber replacement % samples did not release a quantity of smoke which would be deemed dangerous. The acoustic performance test showed the values at 10% rubber replacement was 6 % lower; at 20% rubber replacement; 4% lower and at 30% rubber replacement 14 % lower. Based on these results, the acoustic performance regarding transmission increases with a rubber replacement % higher than 20 %.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Users’ perceptions regarding password policies
- Authors: Fredericks, Damian Todd
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Computers -- Access control , Computer networks -- Security measures Computer security
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MIT
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/30205 , vital:30896
- Description: Information is considered a valuable asset to most organisations and is often exposed to various threats which exploit its confidentiality, integrity and availability (CIA). Identification and Authentication are commonly used to help ensure the CIA of information. This research study specifically focused on password-based authentication. Passwords are used to log into personal computers, company computers, email accounts, bank accounts and various software systems and mobile applications. Passwords act like a protective barrier between a user and their personal and company information, and remain the most cost-effective and most efficient method to control access to computer systems. An extensive content analysis was conducted regarding the security of passwords, as well as users’ password management coping strategies. It was determined that very little research has been conducted in relation to users’ perceptions towards password policies. The problem identified by this research is that organisations often implement password policy guidelines without taking into consideration users’ perceptions regarding such guidelines. This could result in users adopting various password management coping strategies. This research therefore aimed to determine users’ perceptions with regard to current password-related standards and best practices (password policy guidelines). Standards and best practices such as ISO/IEC 27002 (2013), NIST SP 800-118 (2009), NIST SP 800-63-2 (2013), NIST SP 800-63B (2016) and the SANS Password Protection Policy (2014b) were studied in order to determine the common elements of password policies. This research argued that before organisations implement password policy guidelines, they need to determine users’ perceptions towards such guidelines. It was identified that certain human factors such as human memory, attitude and apathy often cause users to adopt insecure coping strategies such as Reusing Passwords, Writing Down Passwords and Not Changing Passwords. This research included a survey which took the form of a questionnaire. The aim of the survey was to determine users’ perceptions towards common elements of password policies and to determine the coping strategies users commonly adopt. The survey included questions related to the new NIST SP 800-63B (2016) that sought to determine users’ perceptions towards these new NIST password policy iii guidelines. Findings from the survey indicated that respondents found the new NIST guidelines to be helpful, secure and easier to adhere to. Finally, recommendations regarding password policies were presented based on the common elements of password policies and users’ perceptions of the new NIST password guidelines. These recommendations could help policy makers in the implementation of new password policies or the revision of current password policies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Fredericks, Damian Todd
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Computers -- Access control , Computer networks -- Security measures Computer security
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MIT
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/30205 , vital:30896
- Description: Information is considered a valuable asset to most organisations and is often exposed to various threats which exploit its confidentiality, integrity and availability (CIA). Identification and Authentication are commonly used to help ensure the CIA of information. This research study specifically focused on password-based authentication. Passwords are used to log into personal computers, company computers, email accounts, bank accounts and various software systems and mobile applications. Passwords act like a protective barrier between a user and their personal and company information, and remain the most cost-effective and most efficient method to control access to computer systems. An extensive content analysis was conducted regarding the security of passwords, as well as users’ password management coping strategies. It was determined that very little research has been conducted in relation to users’ perceptions towards password policies. The problem identified by this research is that organisations often implement password policy guidelines without taking into consideration users’ perceptions regarding such guidelines. This could result in users adopting various password management coping strategies. This research therefore aimed to determine users’ perceptions with regard to current password-related standards and best practices (password policy guidelines). Standards and best practices such as ISO/IEC 27002 (2013), NIST SP 800-118 (2009), NIST SP 800-63-2 (2013), NIST SP 800-63B (2016) and the SANS Password Protection Policy (2014b) were studied in order to determine the common elements of password policies. This research argued that before organisations implement password policy guidelines, they need to determine users’ perceptions towards such guidelines. It was identified that certain human factors such as human memory, attitude and apathy often cause users to adopt insecure coping strategies such as Reusing Passwords, Writing Down Passwords and Not Changing Passwords. This research included a survey which took the form of a questionnaire. The aim of the survey was to determine users’ perceptions towards common elements of password policies and to determine the coping strategies users commonly adopt. The survey included questions related to the new NIST SP 800-63B (2016) that sought to determine users’ perceptions towards these new NIST password policy iii guidelines. Findings from the survey indicated that respondents found the new NIST guidelines to be helpful, secure and easier to adhere to. Finally, recommendations regarding password policies were presented based on the common elements of password policies and users’ perceptions of the new NIST password guidelines. These recommendations could help policy makers in the implementation of new password policies or the revision of current password policies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Using ambient noise tomography to image the Eastern Cape-Karoo and Karoo regions, South Africa
- Bezuidenhout, Lucian John-Ross
- Authors: Bezuidenhout, Lucian John-Ross
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Geometric tomography -- South Africa , Geobiology Geology -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23602 , vital:30585
- Description: The primary aim of this thesis was to explore the use of ambient seismic noise as a tool to map the subsurface of the Cape-Karoo and Karoo region of South Africa. The Karoo is an ideal laboratory to use ambient seismic signal to map the shallow subsurface, as it is a quiet and pristine environment with a relatively well known geology. Ambient seismic signals were continuously recorded at three independent networks (ArrayA, ArrayB and ArrayC). ArrayA and ArrayB comprised 17 temporary stand-alone seismic stations each and recorded ambient noise wavefields for a ten week period between August and October 2015. ArrayC comprised 19 temporary stand-alone seismic stations, recording ambient seismic noise for a period of six weeks between June and July 2016. ArrayA and ArrayB were installed in the south-eastern Cape-Karoo region, near the town of Jansenville and ArrayC was installed near the Cradock-Tarkastad region of South Africa. This thesis is made up of two separate studies. Firstly, the retrieval and coherency of Rayleigh surface waves extracted from the vertical component recordings. For the first time in the south-eastern Cape-Karoo and Karoo area, estimates of Green’s function from cross-correlating ambient noise data between stations pairs were reconstructed and shown, which can be successfully used to image the subsurface. The stacked cross-correlations between all station pairs show clear arrivals of the Rayleigh surface waves. The group velocities of the Rayleigh waves in the 2 to 7 seconds period range were picked and inverted to compute the 2-D group velocity maps. For ArrayA and ArrayB, the resulting 2-D group velocity maps at different periods resulted in a group velocity model from approximately 2 to 7 km depth, which generally show a high velocity anomaly in the north of the study area, most likely imaging the denser, thick sedimentary basin of the Karoo (Carboniferous-Permian). To the south, the low velocity anomaly likely corresponds to the overlying Jurassic- Cretaceous sequences of the younger Algoa Basin (Uitenhage Group). For ArrayC, the group velocity maps showed high velocity regions, which is consistent with the dolerite sill intrusions in the Karoo and the low velocity structures, which was interpreted as the Karoo sediments. Secondly, the study comprised of characterizing the ambient seismic noise source. The first order analysis of the symmetry of the cross-correlation function showed that, although the ambient noise sources are relatively homogeneously distributed in the study area, most (energetic) of the ambient seismic noise propagates from the coast of South Africa. This was verified by analyzing the azimuthal distribution of the ambient seismic noise.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Bezuidenhout, Lucian John-Ross
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Geometric tomography -- South Africa , Geobiology Geology -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23602 , vital:30585
- Description: The primary aim of this thesis was to explore the use of ambient seismic noise as a tool to map the subsurface of the Cape-Karoo and Karoo region of South Africa. The Karoo is an ideal laboratory to use ambient seismic signal to map the shallow subsurface, as it is a quiet and pristine environment with a relatively well known geology. Ambient seismic signals were continuously recorded at three independent networks (ArrayA, ArrayB and ArrayC). ArrayA and ArrayB comprised 17 temporary stand-alone seismic stations each and recorded ambient noise wavefields for a ten week period between August and October 2015. ArrayC comprised 19 temporary stand-alone seismic stations, recording ambient seismic noise for a period of six weeks between June and July 2016. ArrayA and ArrayB were installed in the south-eastern Cape-Karoo region, near the town of Jansenville and ArrayC was installed near the Cradock-Tarkastad region of South Africa. This thesis is made up of two separate studies. Firstly, the retrieval and coherency of Rayleigh surface waves extracted from the vertical component recordings. For the first time in the south-eastern Cape-Karoo and Karoo area, estimates of Green’s function from cross-correlating ambient noise data between stations pairs were reconstructed and shown, which can be successfully used to image the subsurface. The stacked cross-correlations between all station pairs show clear arrivals of the Rayleigh surface waves. The group velocities of the Rayleigh waves in the 2 to 7 seconds period range were picked and inverted to compute the 2-D group velocity maps. For ArrayA and ArrayB, the resulting 2-D group velocity maps at different periods resulted in a group velocity model from approximately 2 to 7 km depth, which generally show a high velocity anomaly in the north of the study area, most likely imaging the denser, thick sedimentary basin of the Karoo (Carboniferous-Permian). To the south, the low velocity anomaly likely corresponds to the overlying Jurassic- Cretaceous sequences of the younger Algoa Basin (Uitenhage Group). For ArrayC, the group velocity maps showed high velocity regions, which is consistent with the dolerite sill intrusions in the Karoo and the low velocity structures, which was interpreted as the Karoo sediments. Secondly, the study comprised of characterizing the ambient seismic noise source. The first order analysis of the symmetry of the cross-correlation function showed that, although the ambient noise sources are relatively homogeneously distributed in the study area, most (energetic) of the ambient seismic noise propagates from the coast of South Africa. This was verified by analyzing the azimuthal distribution of the ambient seismic noise.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Vanadium-based catalysts for oxidation of organosulfur compounds: synthesis, catalysis and mechanistic studies
- Dembaremba, Tendai, Ogunlaja, Adeniyi
- Authors: Dembaremba, Tendai , Ogunlaja, Adeniyi
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Organosulfur compounds
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/30248 , vital:30909
- Description: A series of oxidovanadium(IV) complexes based on the ligand, 2-(2’-hydroxyphenyl)imidazole, with substituent groups of different electronegativities on the phenolic para position, were successfully synthesized, characterized and investigated for their catalytic activities in the oxidation of dibenzothiophene (DBT), a typical refractory sulfur compound found in fuel. It was observed from catalytic oxidation studies that the presence of an electron withdrawing group on the phenolic para position of the ligand results in higher catalytic activity. SC-XRD data and DFT studies were used to explain the trends in activity observed. The highest activity was observed with 6.5 nmol of the nitro derivative catalyst [VO(PIMNO2)2] when 100% of 100 mg (0.543 mmol) of DBT was converted to its sulfone derivative dibenzothiophene sulfoxide (DBTO2) using 2.0 mL (1.05 mmol) of t-BuOOH. Potential to immobilize the complex catalysts was demonstrated through the synthesis of oxidovanadium(IV) copolymer nanofibers. The oxidovanadium nanofibers were successfully employed in the oxidation of sulfur compounds in a real fuel sample (diesel 500) which were then removed through solvent extraction using acetonitrile to give clean fuel. SC-XRD, EPR and UV-Vis spectroscopy were instrumental in providing insight into the mechanism of the catalyzed reaction. Vanadium oxides were also investigated as a cheaper alternative for the catalytic oxidation reaction. Phases of different vanadium oxides were synthesized by calcining NH4VO3 in air at different temperatures with an intention to investigate them for their catalytic activities. The catalyst obtained from calcination at 600⁰C was predominantly the orthorhombic phase of V2O5. Potential to immobilize the vanadium oxides was demonstrated using a silica support where NH4VO3 was impregnated onto silica and calcined in air at 600⁰C. The catalyst showed good potential in the oxidation of DBT to DBTO2, with 10 mg (43.9 μmol) of catalyst successfully converting 100% of 100 mg (0.543 mmol) DBT to DBTO2 using 2.0 mL (1.05 mmol) of t-BuOOH. The catalyst was also employed for a real fuel sample (diesel 500) with good results. The mechanistic aspects of vanadium oxides were also investigated in this study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Dembaremba, Tendai , Ogunlaja, Adeniyi
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Organosulfur compounds
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/30248 , vital:30909
- Description: A series of oxidovanadium(IV) complexes based on the ligand, 2-(2’-hydroxyphenyl)imidazole, with substituent groups of different electronegativities on the phenolic para position, were successfully synthesized, characterized and investigated for their catalytic activities in the oxidation of dibenzothiophene (DBT), a typical refractory sulfur compound found in fuel. It was observed from catalytic oxidation studies that the presence of an electron withdrawing group on the phenolic para position of the ligand results in higher catalytic activity. SC-XRD data and DFT studies were used to explain the trends in activity observed. The highest activity was observed with 6.5 nmol of the nitro derivative catalyst [VO(PIMNO2)2] when 100% of 100 mg (0.543 mmol) of DBT was converted to its sulfone derivative dibenzothiophene sulfoxide (DBTO2) using 2.0 mL (1.05 mmol) of t-BuOOH. Potential to immobilize the complex catalysts was demonstrated through the synthesis of oxidovanadium(IV) copolymer nanofibers. The oxidovanadium nanofibers were successfully employed in the oxidation of sulfur compounds in a real fuel sample (diesel 500) which were then removed through solvent extraction using acetonitrile to give clean fuel. SC-XRD, EPR and UV-Vis spectroscopy were instrumental in providing insight into the mechanism of the catalyzed reaction. Vanadium oxides were also investigated as a cheaper alternative for the catalytic oxidation reaction. Phases of different vanadium oxides were synthesized by calcining NH4VO3 in air at different temperatures with an intention to investigate them for their catalytic activities. The catalyst obtained from calcination at 600⁰C was predominantly the orthorhombic phase of V2O5. Potential to immobilize the vanadium oxides was demonstrated using a silica support where NH4VO3 was impregnated onto silica and calcined in air at 600⁰C. The catalyst showed good potential in the oxidation of DBT to DBTO2, with 10 mg (43.9 μmol) of catalyst successfully converting 100% of 100 mg (0.543 mmol) DBT to DBTO2 using 2.0 mL (1.05 mmol) of t-BuOOH. The catalyst was also employed for a real fuel sample (diesel 500) with good results. The mechanistic aspects of vanadium oxides were also investigated in this study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Verstegniese aspekte van Daniel Hugo se poësie met spesifieke verwysing na Die Twaalde Letter
- Authors: De Wee, Magdalena
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Hugo, Daniel -- Criticism and interpretation , Afrikaans poetry -- 20th century -- History and criticism
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29892 , vital:30790
- Description: This dissertation focuses in particular on the different poetic devices used by the Afrikaans poet Daniel Hugo when composing his collection of poems called Die Twaalfde Letter. At first an overview is given of Hugo’s extensive oeuvre, the recurring themes, motifs etc. and subsequently the reception of the collection under discussion. Close readings of poems to establish the rhyme patterns, the rhythm and metre, as well as the different poetic forms used by the poet will be discussed and analyse within the context of the collection as a whole. In the addendum to the dissertation the researcher will include a selection of her own poems based on an engagement with the poetic devices used by Hugo. This is one of the first dissertations dealing exclusively with Hugo’s poetry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: De Wee, Magdalena
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Hugo, Daniel -- Criticism and interpretation , Afrikaans poetry -- 20th century -- History and criticism
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29892 , vital:30790
- Description: This dissertation focuses in particular on the different poetic devices used by the Afrikaans poet Daniel Hugo when composing his collection of poems called Die Twaalfde Letter. At first an overview is given of Hugo’s extensive oeuvre, the recurring themes, motifs etc. and subsequently the reception of the collection under discussion. Close readings of poems to establish the rhyme patterns, the rhythm and metre, as well as the different poetic forms used by the poet will be discussed and analyse within the context of the collection as a whole. In the addendum to the dissertation the researcher will include a selection of her own poems based on an engagement with the poetic devices used by Hugo. This is one of the first dissertations dealing exclusively with Hugo’s poetry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Vulcanus and Fynbos portfolio orchestral ballet and a chamber work for SSATBarB and two guitars
- Authors: Kinsey, Avril
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Orchestral music, Arranged -- Parts , Ballets Orchestral music
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DMus
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/31349 , vital:31355
- Description: This DMus composition degree is a portfolio (c. 93 minutes) that focuses on creative work with an extensive text in music notation, which embodies the composer’s creative research. The portfolio comprises two large-scale tonal and extended tonal works inspired by nature and informed by a narrative aesthetic. The two scores include an orchestral ballet in two acts and four scenes, Vulcanus (c. 54 minutes), which was created from a scenario by the composer, and which includes the occasional use of guitar and soprano, and a chamber work for SSATBarB and two guitars in nine movements entitled the Fynbos Suite (c. 39 minutes), inspired by the eco-system fynbos oil paintings of Steven Felmore. Both works can be seen as contributing respectively to the discipline of mainstream orchestral works, and guitar and choral writing. The accompanying commentary on the portfolio provides a rationale for the compositions, and outlines some of the creative processes and inspirational influences behind the works. An overview of the musical forms contextualizes the works within their narrative and visual frameworks. The ballet notes discuss the rationale for choosing ballet and include cultural, musical and extra-musical influences. A detailed scenario of the story with a description of the ballet’s characters and corps de ballet follows, while a table lists the dances and narrative mimetic episodes with tempos and time codes suitable for a choreographer to work from. The Fynbos Suite commentary gives some insight into fynbos within nature, and within the context of the paintings and the musical style. Included in the notes are the composer’s lyrics to four songs, and with the kind permission of the artist, the reproduction of the nine inspirational paintings. The recordings of Vulcanus and the Fynbos Suite were realised from the sound files of the Sibelius notation program. The guitar and the orchestral sounds, as well as the voice in Vulcanus are sampled from the Yamaha DGX 620 library, while the four vocal works of the Fynbos Suite were recorded with the Cape Soloists at the Fismer Hall, Stellenbosch University. The guitar in ‘Light on the Edge of Hope’ and the ‘Glory of Nature’ were performed by the composer. In conclusion to the background notes the creative journey, planned and unplanned, is reflected on, highlighting musical imagination with creative serendipity, and what the experiences of the process and outcome mean to the composer.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Kinsey, Avril
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Orchestral music, Arranged -- Parts , Ballets Orchestral music
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DMus
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/31349 , vital:31355
- Description: This DMus composition degree is a portfolio (c. 93 minutes) that focuses on creative work with an extensive text in music notation, which embodies the composer’s creative research. The portfolio comprises two large-scale tonal and extended tonal works inspired by nature and informed by a narrative aesthetic. The two scores include an orchestral ballet in two acts and four scenes, Vulcanus (c. 54 minutes), which was created from a scenario by the composer, and which includes the occasional use of guitar and soprano, and a chamber work for SSATBarB and two guitars in nine movements entitled the Fynbos Suite (c. 39 minutes), inspired by the eco-system fynbos oil paintings of Steven Felmore. Both works can be seen as contributing respectively to the discipline of mainstream orchestral works, and guitar and choral writing. The accompanying commentary on the portfolio provides a rationale for the compositions, and outlines some of the creative processes and inspirational influences behind the works. An overview of the musical forms contextualizes the works within their narrative and visual frameworks. The ballet notes discuss the rationale for choosing ballet and include cultural, musical and extra-musical influences. A detailed scenario of the story with a description of the ballet’s characters and corps de ballet follows, while a table lists the dances and narrative mimetic episodes with tempos and time codes suitable for a choreographer to work from. The Fynbos Suite commentary gives some insight into fynbos within nature, and within the context of the paintings and the musical style. Included in the notes are the composer’s lyrics to four songs, and with the kind permission of the artist, the reproduction of the nine inspirational paintings. The recordings of Vulcanus and the Fynbos Suite were realised from the sound files of the Sibelius notation program. The guitar and the orchestral sounds, as well as the voice in Vulcanus are sampled from the Yamaha DGX 620 library, while the four vocal works of the Fynbos Suite were recorded with the Cape Soloists at the Fismer Hall, Stellenbosch University. The guitar in ‘Light on the Edge of Hope’ and the ‘Glory of Nature’ were performed by the composer. In conclusion to the background notes the creative journey, planned and unplanned, is reflected on, highlighting musical imagination with creative serendipity, and what the experiences of the process and outcome mean to the composer.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Vulcanus and Fynbos portfolio Orchestral ballet and a chamber work for SSATBarB and two guitars
- Authors: Kinsey, Avril
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Orchestral music -- Scores , Ballets
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DMus
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/31323 , vital:31364
- Description: This DMus composition degree is a portfolio (c. 93 minutes) that focuses on creative work with an extensive text in music notation, which embodies the composer’s creative research. The portfolio comprises two large-scale tonal and extended tonal works inspired by nature and informed by a narrative aesthetic. The two scores include an orchestral ballet in two acts and four scenes, Vulcanus (c. 54 minutes), which was created from a scenario by the composer, and which includes the occasional use of guitar and soprano, and a chamber work for SSATBarB and two guitars in nine movements entitled the Fynbos Suite (c. 39 minutes), inspired by the eco-system fynbos oil paintings of Steven Felmore. Both works can be seen as contributing respectively to the discipline of mainstream orchestral works, and guitar and choral writing. The accompanying commentary on the portfolio provides a rationale for the compositions, and outlines some of the creative processes and inspirational influences behind the works. An overview of the musical forms contextualizes the works within their narrative and visual frameworks. The ballet notes discuss the rationale for choosing ballet and include cultural, musical and extramusical influences. A detailed scenario of the story with a description of the ballet’s characters and corps de ballet follows, while a table lists the dances and narrative mimetic episodes with tempos and time codes suitable for a choreographer to work from. The Fynbos Suite commentary gives some insight into fynbos within nature, and within the context of the paintings and the musical style. Included in the notes are the composer’s lyrics to four songs, and with the kind permission of the artist, the reproduction of the nine inspirational paintings. The recordings of Vulcanus and the Fynbos Suite were realised from the sound files of the Sibelius notation program. The guitar and the orchestral sounds, as well as the voice in Vulcanus are sampled from the Yamaha DGX 620 library, while the four vocal works of the Fynbos Suite were recorded with the Cape Soloists at the Fismer Hall, Stellenbosch University. The guitar in ‘Light on the Edge of Hope’ and the ‘Glory of Nature’ were performed by the composer. In conclusion to the background notes the creative journey, planned and unplanned, is reflected on, highlighting musical imagination with creative serendipity, and what the experiences of the process and outcome mean to the composer.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Kinsey, Avril
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Orchestral music -- Scores , Ballets
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DMus
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/31323 , vital:31364
- Description: This DMus composition degree is a portfolio (c. 93 minutes) that focuses on creative work with an extensive text in music notation, which embodies the composer’s creative research. The portfolio comprises two large-scale tonal and extended tonal works inspired by nature and informed by a narrative aesthetic. The two scores include an orchestral ballet in two acts and four scenes, Vulcanus (c. 54 minutes), which was created from a scenario by the composer, and which includes the occasional use of guitar and soprano, and a chamber work for SSATBarB and two guitars in nine movements entitled the Fynbos Suite (c. 39 minutes), inspired by the eco-system fynbos oil paintings of Steven Felmore. Both works can be seen as contributing respectively to the discipline of mainstream orchestral works, and guitar and choral writing. The accompanying commentary on the portfolio provides a rationale for the compositions, and outlines some of the creative processes and inspirational influences behind the works. An overview of the musical forms contextualizes the works within their narrative and visual frameworks. The ballet notes discuss the rationale for choosing ballet and include cultural, musical and extramusical influences. A detailed scenario of the story with a description of the ballet’s characters and corps de ballet follows, while a table lists the dances and narrative mimetic episodes with tempos and time codes suitable for a choreographer to work from. The Fynbos Suite commentary gives some insight into fynbos within nature, and within the context of the paintings and the musical style. Included in the notes are the composer’s lyrics to four songs, and with the kind permission of the artist, the reproduction of the nine inspirational paintings. The recordings of Vulcanus and the Fynbos Suite were realised from the sound files of the Sibelius notation program. The guitar and the orchestral sounds, as well as the voice in Vulcanus are sampled from the Yamaha DGX 620 library, while the four vocal works of the Fynbos Suite were recorded with the Cape Soloists at the Fismer Hall, Stellenbosch University. The guitar in ‘Light on the Edge of Hope’ and the ‘Glory of Nature’ were performed by the composer. In conclusion to the background notes the creative journey, planned and unplanned, is reflected on, highlighting musical imagination with creative serendipity, and what the experiences of the process and outcome mean to the composer.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Vulnerability and coping strategies of the Missionvale informal settlement community to flood hazards
- Authors: Tele, Asanda
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Squatter settlements -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Urbanization -- South Africa Floods -- Health aspects Floods -- Economic aspects Floods -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth Emergency management -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Planning
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/35796 , vital:33848
- Description: While many governments and organisations across the globe have programmes in place to control flood disasters, the challenges, unpreparedness and vulnerability to flooding in many parts of the world persist. This study used the low-lying area of Missionvale township in Nelson Mandela Bay, Eastern Cape, South Africa as a case study to investigate the extent of the vulnerability of informal settlement dwellers to flooding, and to understand how the community deals with and recovers from severe flood disasters. The study adopted both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies. The empirical data for the study was obtained through a survey of 90 residents of the area, as well as interviews with the members of the community. Fieldwork and observations were also conducted. These focused on examining the area in terms of disaster relief. Secondary data was obtained through a literature review as well as a review of legislative frameworks. The findings indicate that since 1994, the government has put in place a disaster management system but the system still needs to be reinforced as periodic severe flooding continues to destroy properties and infrastructure in many communities. Crime as well as the emergence of water-borne diseases are negative spin-offs of these disasters. The research elaborates on the coping strategies of the community to floods and makes recommendations on vulnerability and coping strategies to floods in low-income settlements in South Africa. With climate change likely to aggravate flood disasters, it is recommended that the policy directions need stakeholders to improve disaster preparedness, provide flood measures to houses and storm water drainage, develop early warning systems and improve community participation in disaster preparedness planning and efforts. In addition, it is crucial to improve post-disaster responses such as service delivery and support for the flood victims with needed resources and rebuilding of homes and lives.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Tele, Asanda
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Squatter settlements -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Urbanization -- South Africa Floods -- Health aspects Floods -- Economic aspects Floods -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth Emergency management -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Planning
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/35796 , vital:33848
- Description: While many governments and organisations across the globe have programmes in place to control flood disasters, the challenges, unpreparedness and vulnerability to flooding in many parts of the world persist. This study used the low-lying area of Missionvale township in Nelson Mandela Bay, Eastern Cape, South Africa as a case study to investigate the extent of the vulnerability of informal settlement dwellers to flooding, and to understand how the community deals with and recovers from severe flood disasters. The study adopted both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies. The empirical data for the study was obtained through a survey of 90 residents of the area, as well as interviews with the members of the community. Fieldwork and observations were also conducted. These focused on examining the area in terms of disaster relief. Secondary data was obtained through a literature review as well as a review of legislative frameworks. The findings indicate that since 1994, the government has put in place a disaster management system but the system still needs to be reinforced as periodic severe flooding continues to destroy properties and infrastructure in many communities. Crime as well as the emergence of water-borne diseases are negative spin-offs of these disasters. The research elaborates on the coping strategies of the community to floods and makes recommendations on vulnerability and coping strategies to floods in low-income settlements in South Africa. With climate change likely to aggravate flood disasters, it is recommended that the policy directions need stakeholders to improve disaster preparedness, provide flood measures to houses and storm water drainage, develop early warning systems and improve community participation in disaster preparedness planning and efforts. In addition, it is crucial to improve post-disaster responses such as service delivery and support for the flood victims with needed resources and rebuilding of homes and lives.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Weight gain in hospitalised low birth weight (LBW) premature infants receiving breast milk or breast milk with human milk fortifier in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District
- Authors: Wicomb, Ra-eesa
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Premature infants -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Birth weight, Low -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Birth weight -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Infants -- Nutrition Children -- Nutrition -- Research
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23327 , vital:30529
- Description: Rationale: Worldwide, hospitals with premature units have one generalised objective, i.e. to achieve postnatal growth and body composition similar to that of a normal foetus of similar gestational age. Optimal nutrition leads to optimal neurodevelopment and breastfeeding (BF) is known as the golden standard for infant nutrition. Human breast milk (BM) has significant value for preterm and term infants and is of special benefit to HIV infected mothers. Maternal supplementation is provided as part of the standard protocol in certain hospitals in the Eastern Cape province to those mothers who breastfeed their low birth weight (LBW) infants after delivery. human milk fortifier (HMF) is a nutritional supplement that is added to expressed breast milk for feeding preterm infants in order to meet their high energy and protein needs and therefore supporting the recommended growth velocity of 10g/kg/day-15g/kg/day. Some hospitals within South Africa provide HMF to preterm infants as part of their standard nutritional protocol in order for the infant to gain weight if BM only failed to produce adequate results. To date, little to no South African studies support or discourage the use of HMF for LBW infants. This study aimed to describe the effect of maternal supplementation compared with breast milk with HMF, or a combination of maternal supplementation and breast milk with HMF, on growth velocity in hospitalised LBW premature infants within the Nelson Mandela Bay health district. The proposed study design followed a longitudinal, observational, descriptive study in a cohort of LBW infants. The study was analytical using quantitative empirical data. Study participants were selected, by using convenience sampling, at Dora Nginza Hospital, Zwide between October 2015 and August 2016 (ethics approval: EC_2016RP27_564). Quantitative data on anthropometric measurements was collected from study participants. Primary care givers provided written informed consent. Registered nurses were trained and performed anthropometrical measurements according to standardised methods. A structured questionnaire was completed by the principal reasarcher as a source of data collection. Numerical data was described using means and standard deviations. Chi squares were used to describe the associations between maternal risk factors and birth weight outcomes. ANOVA was used to determine the relationship between growth velocity and the various supplementation groups. A sample size of 91 LBW preterm infants and mother pairs were entered into this study. The majority of mothers, 64% (n=58) fell in the age category of 20-35 years old. Of the total maternal sample (n=88), 35% (n=31) were classified in the at risk age category, i.e. <20years old and >36years old. Out of the total infant sample (n=91), 65% (n=59) was classified as VLBW, 22% was LBW and 22% (n=20) was ELBW. No statistically significant association was found between infant growth velocity and maternal risk factors. The group receiving BM with HMF had a mean growth velocity of 19.75 g/kg/day (SD=6.45) that was statistically significantly (p<0.05) more than the other groups. The maternal supplementation only group and the maternal supplementation and BM fortification group showed mean growth velocities of 12.26 g/kg/day (SD=5.41) and 12.29 g/kg/day (SD=6.97) respectively. A post hoc test was done between growth velocity in the supplementated groups and the length of hospital stay. These results reveal that the group receiving BM with HMF had a significantly (p<0.05) shorter mean length of hospital stay of 11.29 days (SD=7.02), compared with the group on the combination of maternal supplementation and BM with HMF. In this study, infants receiving HMF with BM showed the highest growth velocity with the shortest hospital stay before discharge. In this group, infants were already receiving an adequate BM intake of 150-180 ml/kg/day prior to participation in the study. This meant that the HMF group consisted of more stable preterm infants compared to the rest of the supplementated groups. However, a large proportion of participants in the maternal supplementation group also showed adequate to good growth velocity. The researcher recommends the implementation of maternal supplementation only, as standard of care for all hospitalised lactating women. Furthermore, timeous addition of HMF to expressed BM is necessary for infants with growth velocities <15 g/kg/day. This may save costs to the hospital as the use of HMF allowed for better weight gain and earlier discharge.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Wicomb, Ra-eesa
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Premature infants -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Birth weight, Low -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Birth weight -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Infants -- Nutrition Children -- Nutrition -- Research
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23327 , vital:30529
- Description: Rationale: Worldwide, hospitals with premature units have one generalised objective, i.e. to achieve postnatal growth and body composition similar to that of a normal foetus of similar gestational age. Optimal nutrition leads to optimal neurodevelopment and breastfeeding (BF) is known as the golden standard for infant nutrition. Human breast milk (BM) has significant value for preterm and term infants and is of special benefit to HIV infected mothers. Maternal supplementation is provided as part of the standard protocol in certain hospitals in the Eastern Cape province to those mothers who breastfeed their low birth weight (LBW) infants after delivery. human milk fortifier (HMF) is a nutritional supplement that is added to expressed breast milk for feeding preterm infants in order to meet their high energy and protein needs and therefore supporting the recommended growth velocity of 10g/kg/day-15g/kg/day. Some hospitals within South Africa provide HMF to preterm infants as part of their standard nutritional protocol in order for the infant to gain weight if BM only failed to produce adequate results. To date, little to no South African studies support or discourage the use of HMF for LBW infants. This study aimed to describe the effect of maternal supplementation compared with breast milk with HMF, or a combination of maternal supplementation and breast milk with HMF, on growth velocity in hospitalised LBW premature infants within the Nelson Mandela Bay health district. The proposed study design followed a longitudinal, observational, descriptive study in a cohort of LBW infants. The study was analytical using quantitative empirical data. Study participants were selected, by using convenience sampling, at Dora Nginza Hospital, Zwide between October 2015 and August 2016 (ethics approval: EC_2016RP27_564). Quantitative data on anthropometric measurements was collected from study participants. Primary care givers provided written informed consent. Registered nurses were trained and performed anthropometrical measurements according to standardised methods. A structured questionnaire was completed by the principal reasarcher as a source of data collection. Numerical data was described using means and standard deviations. Chi squares were used to describe the associations between maternal risk factors and birth weight outcomes. ANOVA was used to determine the relationship between growth velocity and the various supplementation groups. A sample size of 91 LBW preterm infants and mother pairs were entered into this study. The majority of mothers, 64% (n=58) fell in the age category of 20-35 years old. Of the total maternal sample (n=88), 35% (n=31) were classified in the at risk age category, i.e. <20years old and >36years old. Out of the total infant sample (n=91), 65% (n=59) was classified as VLBW, 22% was LBW and 22% (n=20) was ELBW. No statistically significant association was found between infant growth velocity and maternal risk factors. The group receiving BM with HMF had a mean growth velocity of 19.75 g/kg/day (SD=6.45) that was statistically significantly (p<0.05) more than the other groups. The maternal supplementation only group and the maternal supplementation and BM fortification group showed mean growth velocities of 12.26 g/kg/day (SD=5.41) and 12.29 g/kg/day (SD=6.97) respectively. A post hoc test was done between growth velocity in the supplementated groups and the length of hospital stay. These results reveal that the group receiving BM with HMF had a significantly (p<0.05) shorter mean length of hospital stay of 11.29 days (SD=7.02), compared with the group on the combination of maternal supplementation and BM with HMF. In this study, infants receiving HMF with BM showed the highest growth velocity with the shortest hospital stay before discharge. In this group, infants were already receiving an adequate BM intake of 150-180 ml/kg/day prior to participation in the study. This meant that the HMF group consisted of more stable preterm infants compared to the rest of the supplementated groups. However, a large proportion of participants in the maternal supplementation group also showed adequate to good growth velocity. The researcher recommends the implementation of maternal supplementation only, as standard of care for all hospitalised lactating women. Furthermore, timeous addition of HMF to expressed BM is necessary for infants with growth velocities <15 g/kg/day. This may save costs to the hospital as the use of HMF allowed for better weight gain and earlier discharge.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
White anxieties in the Post-Apartheid speculative dystopian fiction of Eben Venter, Lauren Beukes and Lily Herne
- Authors: Matroos, Allissa Shanice
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Dystopias in literature , Women and literature Fiction -- Women authors
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22682 , vital:30054
- Description: This study uncovers and critiques the various ways in which Eben Venter‘s Trencherman (2008), Lauren Beukes‘ Moxyland (2008) and Lily Herne‘s Deadlands (2011) manifest an engagement with socio-political expressions of whiteness within post-apartheid South Africa. These overtly dystopian depictions of a country twenty-two years into its democracy reflect a level of anxiety felt by white South Africans attempting to negotiate the change in their socio-political circumstances. Within the alternate post-apartheid South Africa of Trencherman, whiteness comes to the fore as a socially constructed albatross preventing engagement with the trenchant effects of apartheid, as well as a grotesque bulging mass of unearned privilege embodied by a descendent of an Afrikaans farmer. Moxyland and Deadlands, however, portray a less overt engagement with whiteness by foregoing a critique of prevalent racial inequities. Instead, both authors favour an interrogation of South Africa‘s deleterious class hierarchy in settings that are fantastically futuristic and dystopic. This lends to my argument that the genre of speculative dystopian fiction has been sought out as an ideal space for white South African writers to (safely) deal with white anxieties. It is also pivotal to place these texts alongside one another to examine the ways in which white writers deal with whiteness as a marker of social privilege within the South African socio-political landscape. The theory of whiteness and the theories surrounding dystopian fiction will be used as integral theoretical frameworks for this study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Matroos, Allissa Shanice
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Dystopias in literature , Women and literature Fiction -- Women authors
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22682 , vital:30054
- Description: This study uncovers and critiques the various ways in which Eben Venter‘s Trencherman (2008), Lauren Beukes‘ Moxyland (2008) and Lily Herne‘s Deadlands (2011) manifest an engagement with socio-political expressions of whiteness within post-apartheid South Africa. These overtly dystopian depictions of a country twenty-two years into its democracy reflect a level of anxiety felt by white South Africans attempting to negotiate the change in their socio-political circumstances. Within the alternate post-apartheid South Africa of Trencherman, whiteness comes to the fore as a socially constructed albatross preventing engagement with the trenchant effects of apartheid, as well as a grotesque bulging mass of unearned privilege embodied by a descendent of an Afrikaans farmer. Moxyland and Deadlands, however, portray a less overt engagement with whiteness by foregoing a critique of prevalent racial inequities. Instead, both authors favour an interrogation of South Africa‘s deleterious class hierarchy in settings that are fantastically futuristic and dystopic. This lends to my argument that the genre of speculative dystopian fiction has been sought out as an ideal space for white South African writers to (safely) deal with white anxieties. It is also pivotal to place these texts alongside one another to examine the ways in which white writers deal with whiteness as a marker of social privilege within the South African socio-political landscape. The theory of whiteness and the theories surrounding dystopian fiction will be used as integral theoretical frameworks for this study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Why municipalities do not comply and implement expanded public works programmes: a case study of the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality in South Africa
- Jikwana, Mvumelwano Valithuba
- Authors: Jikwana, Mvumelwano Valithuba
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Local government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22486 , vital:29975
- Description: The Expanded public works programme (EPWP) was a South African government initiative that was meant to fight poverty, reduce unemployment and develop skills for young people, women and people with disabilities. EPWP was to be implemented by the national, provincial and local governments in order to alleviate poverty and increase economic growth. The programme started with phase 1 in April 2004, where the objective was to create a minimum of 1 million job opportunities by March 2009. The target was achieved by the South African government, but many municipalities faced challenges as they were struggling to meet their own targets. EPWP phase 2 started in April 2009, where the target of creating 4.5 million work opportunities was set and it was meant to end in March 2014. Phase 3 was scheduled to start in April 2014 to March 2019. Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM) is a metropolitan municipality, which should implement EPWP, and it consists of the towns of East London, King Williams Town and Bisho. BCMM council accepted the EPWP structure in the financial year 2013/14, charging the Programme Manager to lead the EPWP unit, consisting of a single office to implement the programme. The municipality faced many challenges, in failing to meet the targets set by the National Department of Public Works (NDPW). These challenges include: the lack of political and administration commitment towards EPWP, lack of proper EPWP training and lack of accountability from Senior Management. Other challenges facing BCMM include: a lack of data capturers to consolidate EPWP information, lack of qualifies people to design and implement labour intensive projects and the shortage of staff within the EPWP unit, which was meant to support all departments. If the municipality can overcome all the challenges, the set targets can be met, unemployment can be reduced and poverty can be alleviated. There is an urgent need for the Mayor and Municipal Manager to commit themselves toward the full implementation of EPWP.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Jikwana, Mvumelwano Valithuba
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Local government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22486 , vital:29975
- Description: The Expanded public works programme (EPWP) was a South African government initiative that was meant to fight poverty, reduce unemployment and develop skills for young people, women and people with disabilities. EPWP was to be implemented by the national, provincial and local governments in order to alleviate poverty and increase economic growth. The programme started with phase 1 in April 2004, where the objective was to create a minimum of 1 million job opportunities by March 2009. The target was achieved by the South African government, but many municipalities faced challenges as they were struggling to meet their own targets. EPWP phase 2 started in April 2009, where the target of creating 4.5 million work opportunities was set and it was meant to end in March 2014. Phase 3 was scheduled to start in April 2014 to March 2019. Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM) is a metropolitan municipality, which should implement EPWP, and it consists of the towns of East London, King Williams Town and Bisho. BCMM council accepted the EPWP structure in the financial year 2013/14, charging the Programme Manager to lead the EPWP unit, consisting of a single office to implement the programme. The municipality faced many challenges, in failing to meet the targets set by the National Department of Public Works (NDPW). These challenges include: the lack of political and administration commitment towards EPWP, lack of proper EPWP training and lack of accountability from Senior Management. Other challenges facing BCMM include: a lack of data capturers to consolidate EPWP information, lack of qualifies people to design and implement labour intensive projects and the shortage of staff within the EPWP unit, which was meant to support all departments. If the municipality can overcome all the challenges, the set targets can be met, unemployment can be reduced and poverty can be alleviated. There is an urgent need for the Mayor and Municipal Manager to commit themselves toward the full implementation of EPWP.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Women’s participation in Kwasa vegetable garden project in Port Elizabeth
- Authors: Blauw, Thandiwe
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Women in development , Economic development projects Community gardens -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23591 , vital:30584
- Description: Poverty is one of the major challenges faced by South Africa today, even after twenty three years of being a democratic country. A majority of South Africa’s population still lives below poverty line and the most affected are women and children. The alleviation of poverty is one of the priorities for the government, and the communities where the poor live engage in projects that support poverty alleviation while on the same breath also helps with skills development and financial freedom. In this research study, the researcher has investigated the impact of women participation on urban agriculture project by means of a vegetable garden to alleviate poverty at Kwasa Project in Walmer Township. The research has followed a qualitative approach which included individual interviews using an interview schedule. To supplement the above, secondary relevant scholarly sources were consulted. The objectives of the research were outlined which include the investigation of the challenges facing the Kwasa Project in Walmer Township. In the final analysis, the researcher has provided recommendations with the view of resolving some of the problems discovered during the interviews.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Blauw, Thandiwe
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Women in development , Economic development projects Community gardens -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23591 , vital:30584
- Description: Poverty is one of the major challenges faced by South Africa today, even after twenty three years of being a democratic country. A majority of South Africa’s population still lives below poverty line and the most affected are women and children. The alleviation of poverty is one of the priorities for the government, and the communities where the poor live engage in projects that support poverty alleviation while on the same breath also helps with skills development and financial freedom. In this research study, the researcher has investigated the impact of women participation on urban agriculture project by means of a vegetable garden to alleviate poverty at Kwasa Project in Walmer Township. The research has followed a qualitative approach which included individual interviews using an interview schedule. To supplement the above, secondary relevant scholarly sources were consulted. The objectives of the research were outlined which include the investigation of the challenges facing the Kwasa Project in Walmer Township. In the final analysis, the researcher has provided recommendations with the view of resolving some of the problems discovered during the interviews.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Worker participation and involvement in a Zimbabwean mining environment
- Authors: Nyamahowa, Takudzwa Frank
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Management -- Employee participation -- Zimbabwe , Industrial relations -- Zimbabwe Industrial sociology -- Zimbabwe Job satisfaction Work environment -- Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/34432 , vital:33378
- Description: Harmonious work relations can be achieved when worker involvement and participation structures are used effectively to ensure that workers‟ interests and rights are addressed. Literature has established the relationship between employee participation and worker satisfaction with working conditions. However, the extent to which employees are happy at work is also affected by their social and living conditions. It is therefore important to know the worker levels of satisfaction with participation on issues that affect them, and if the channels are being used to create an enabling environment. The objective of the study was to look at the influence employee participation has on worker satisfaction with work-life and workers satisfaction with social and living conditions, and the relationship between worker satisfaction with work-life and satisfaction with social and living conditions. The research questions were structured around this premise. The research was quantitative and used a 5-Likert scale using the three factors of employee participation, social and living conditions, and working life. The major findings revealed that there is strong relationship between worker satisfaction with employee participation and worker satisfaction with working life. Social and living conditions through an Exploratory Factor Analysis divided into exterior and interior social and living conditions. Working life was strongly correlated with interior social and living conditions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Nyamahowa, Takudzwa Frank
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Management -- Employee participation -- Zimbabwe , Industrial relations -- Zimbabwe Industrial sociology -- Zimbabwe Job satisfaction Work environment -- Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/34432 , vital:33378
- Description: Harmonious work relations can be achieved when worker involvement and participation structures are used effectively to ensure that workers‟ interests and rights are addressed. Literature has established the relationship between employee participation and worker satisfaction with working conditions. However, the extent to which employees are happy at work is also affected by their social and living conditions. It is therefore important to know the worker levels of satisfaction with participation on issues that affect them, and if the channels are being used to create an enabling environment. The objective of the study was to look at the influence employee participation has on worker satisfaction with work-life and workers satisfaction with social and living conditions, and the relationship between worker satisfaction with work-life and satisfaction with social and living conditions. The research questions were structured around this premise. The research was quantitative and used a 5-Likert scale using the three factors of employee participation, social and living conditions, and working life. The major findings revealed that there is strong relationship between worker satisfaction with employee participation and worker satisfaction with working life. Social and living conditions through an Exploratory Factor Analysis divided into exterior and interior social and living conditions. Working life was strongly correlated with interior social and living conditions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Young adults’ perceptions of the psychosocial factors impacting upon self-disclosure online
- Authors: Edwards, Megan
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Self-disclosure , Young adults -- psychological aspects Interpersonal relations
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29882 , vital:30788
- Description: Online communication has become a universal phenomenon, and a significant consequence of computer mediated communication (CMC) is the influence it has on self-disclosure. The aim of the present study was to explore and describe young adults’ perceptions of online self-disclosure, specifically what young adults’ self-disclose online and what psychosocial factors impact upon self-disclosure online. Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Systems Theory and the Johari Window were utilised as the theoretical framework of the study. The present study utilised a qualitative approach and was exploratory and descriptive in design. The sample size of the present study was 13, and semi-structured interviews were utilised as the method of data collection. The data obtained was analysed using thematic analysis, as outlined by Braun and Clarke. Six main themes were identified, namely Types of Online Experience, Online Self-disclosure, Information Disclosed Online, Differences between Online and Offline Self-disclosure, Privacy and Online Regrets. The findings of the present study will generate a better understanding of young adults’ online self-disclosure and can be utilised for future research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Edwards, Megan
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Self-disclosure , Young adults -- psychological aspects Interpersonal relations
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29882 , vital:30788
- Description: Online communication has become a universal phenomenon, and a significant consequence of computer mediated communication (CMC) is the influence it has on self-disclosure. The aim of the present study was to explore and describe young adults’ perceptions of online self-disclosure, specifically what young adults’ self-disclose online and what psychosocial factors impact upon self-disclosure online. Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Systems Theory and the Johari Window were utilised as the theoretical framework of the study. The present study utilised a qualitative approach and was exploratory and descriptive in design. The sample size of the present study was 13, and semi-structured interviews were utilised as the method of data collection. The data obtained was analysed using thematic analysis, as outlined by Braun and Clarke. Six main themes were identified, namely Types of Online Experience, Online Self-disclosure, Information Disclosed Online, Differences between Online and Offline Self-disclosure, Privacy and Online Regrets. The findings of the present study will generate a better understanding of young adults’ online self-disclosure and can be utilised for future research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
“But darkness was here yesterday”: an examination of travel writing and colonial narrative constructions of Africa within its sub-genres across three centuries
- Authors: Halgreen, Wesley John
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Postcolonialism in literature , Modernism (Literature) -- Africa Literature and society -- Africa English literature African literature
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22156 , vital:29864
- Description: This study analyses the modern twenty-first century travel writing of Paul Theroux’s Dark Star Safari (2003) to reveal its sustained impetus towards colonial discursive constructions of Africa. In doing so, it will examine the continuation of colonial methods and techniques of literary representation in travel texts by illustrating the early ‘images’ of Africa and Africans as they appear in Henry M. Stanley’s non-fictional travel text Through the Dark Continent (1878) and Joseph Conrad’s fictional travel novella Heart of Darkness (1899). With the purpose of producing a critical literary analysis, this study will employ discourse analysis to interrogate the implications of the continued employment of colonial rhetoric and language by Theroux in his representations and portrayals of Africa and African citizens. It has been found that there is an unproblematised acceptance – even reverie – of colonial sentiment and nostalgia evident in representations of Africa in modern travel literature. Literary representations of this nature continue to portray Africa as the ‘savage’, ‘backward’, ‘violent’ and ‘inferior’ continent that it had signified to travel writers during the colonial epoch. Africans, as they are portrayed in this narrative tradition, are ascribed the same denotations where their subjectivities, individualities, cultures, beliefs, ideologies and personhood are encapsulated under the conceptualisation of ‘darkness’ that signifies ‘African’ as inferior to the West, Europe and North America, and therefore subject to derogation. By demonstrating the violent and damaging nature of these representations, as they remain in twenty-first century travel literature, this dissertation hopes to initiate a dialogue around the genre’s preservation of preconceptions and prejudices that continue to plague Africa and its people. This is possible through literary critique that exposes dated colonial racism and prejudice that appears in the travel literature of the post-independent age in which we now find ourselves.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Halgreen, Wesley John
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Postcolonialism in literature , Modernism (Literature) -- Africa Literature and society -- Africa English literature African literature
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22156 , vital:29864
- Description: This study analyses the modern twenty-first century travel writing of Paul Theroux’s Dark Star Safari (2003) to reveal its sustained impetus towards colonial discursive constructions of Africa. In doing so, it will examine the continuation of colonial methods and techniques of literary representation in travel texts by illustrating the early ‘images’ of Africa and Africans as they appear in Henry M. Stanley’s non-fictional travel text Through the Dark Continent (1878) and Joseph Conrad’s fictional travel novella Heart of Darkness (1899). With the purpose of producing a critical literary analysis, this study will employ discourse analysis to interrogate the implications of the continued employment of colonial rhetoric and language by Theroux in his representations and portrayals of Africa and African citizens. It has been found that there is an unproblematised acceptance – even reverie – of colonial sentiment and nostalgia evident in representations of Africa in modern travel literature. Literary representations of this nature continue to portray Africa as the ‘savage’, ‘backward’, ‘violent’ and ‘inferior’ continent that it had signified to travel writers during the colonial epoch. Africans, as they are portrayed in this narrative tradition, are ascribed the same denotations where their subjectivities, individualities, cultures, beliefs, ideologies and personhood are encapsulated under the conceptualisation of ‘darkness’ that signifies ‘African’ as inferior to the West, Europe and North America, and therefore subject to derogation. By demonstrating the violent and damaging nature of these representations, as they remain in twenty-first century travel literature, this dissertation hopes to initiate a dialogue around the genre’s preservation of preconceptions and prejudices that continue to plague Africa and its people. This is possible through literary critique that exposes dated colonial racism and prejudice that appears in the travel literature of the post-independent age in which we now find ourselves.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
A baseline study of teacher and learner perspectives of language demands in science classrooms in the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropole
- Authors: Woods, Tracey
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Language arts -- Correlation with content subjects -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Interpersonal communication -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Communication in education -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Communicative competence -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/21153 , vital:29451
- Description: Globally, one of the challenges in science education is providing equitable access to increasingly diverse learners in equally diverse learning contexts. In South Africa, science is taught to learners by means of English, which is the preferred language of instruction even if it is only spoken by 9.6% of the South African population. In the Eastern Cape, the majority of the population speak isiXhosa and the minority speak English. Parents of isiXhosa-speaking children often choose schools where English is the language of learning and teaching (LoLT) as they feel their children will have better career opportunities as English is considered to be the language of economic power. The aim of this study was to determine teachers’ and learners’ perspectives of language in science classrooms. To this end, a baseline study was conducted. A quantitative research method was used and data were collected through questionnaires. The research found that English is the preferred language for teaching and learning, even though the majority of the participants were isiXhosa home-language speakers. In addition, learners in South African whose home language is not English do not have the necessary language skills to cope with the switch to English as LoLT. Science teachers are therefore faced with two distinct challenges: firstly teaching content and secondly teaching the LoLT, if it is not the learners’ home language. The major difficulty experienced by learners when learning science is learning the language of science, as science is regarded as having a language of its own, with its own specific register and discourse. Thus, for many learners, learning the language of science is a challenge as it contains unfamiliar technical words and everyday words that have specialised scientific meanings (e.g. diagrams, procedures, table, current and force). English is seen as the language in which to explore these concepts. A conclusion that can be drawn is that English is regarded as the language in which to learn science thus reflecting the continued hegemony of English.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Woods, Tracey
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Language arts -- Correlation with content subjects -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Interpersonal communication -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Communication in education -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Communicative competence -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/21153 , vital:29451
- Description: Globally, one of the challenges in science education is providing equitable access to increasingly diverse learners in equally diverse learning contexts. In South Africa, science is taught to learners by means of English, which is the preferred language of instruction even if it is only spoken by 9.6% of the South African population. In the Eastern Cape, the majority of the population speak isiXhosa and the minority speak English. Parents of isiXhosa-speaking children often choose schools where English is the language of learning and teaching (LoLT) as they feel their children will have better career opportunities as English is considered to be the language of economic power. The aim of this study was to determine teachers’ and learners’ perspectives of language in science classrooms. To this end, a baseline study was conducted. A quantitative research method was used and data were collected through questionnaires. The research found that English is the preferred language for teaching and learning, even though the majority of the participants were isiXhosa home-language speakers. In addition, learners in South African whose home language is not English do not have the necessary language skills to cope with the switch to English as LoLT. Science teachers are therefore faced with two distinct challenges: firstly teaching content and secondly teaching the LoLT, if it is not the learners’ home language. The major difficulty experienced by learners when learning science is learning the language of science, as science is regarded as having a language of its own, with its own specific register and discourse. Thus, for many learners, learning the language of science is a challenge as it contains unfamiliar technical words and everyday words that have specialised scientific meanings (e.g. diagrams, procedures, table, current and force). English is seen as the language in which to explore these concepts. A conclusion that can be drawn is that English is regarded as the language in which to learn science thus reflecting the continued hegemony of English.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
A best-practice guideline for facilitating adherence to anti-retroviral therapy for persons attending public hospitals in Ghana
- Authors: Agyeman-Yeboah, Joana
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: HIV infections -- Treatment -- Ghana , Health services administration -- Ghana Public health -- Ghana Hospital care -- Ghana
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/13603 , vital:27256
- Description: The retention of persons on an HIV programme has been a global challenge. The success of any strategy to optimize adherence to anti-retroviral therapy (ART) depends on the intensive and effective adherence counselling and strategies. It is important to research whether persons receiving anti-retroviral therapy in public hospitals in Ghana are receiving the needed service that would optimize their adherence to the anti-retroviral therapy. Therefore, this study explored and described the experiences of healthcare professionals providing care, support and guidance to persons on ART at public hospitals in Ghana, as well as the best-practice guideline that could contribute to facilitating the ART adherence of patients. This study also explored and described the experiences of persons living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) on ART, regarding their adherence to the therapy. The study was organized into three phases. In Phase One: a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual design was employed. The research population included healthcare professionals, providing services at the HIV clinic at the public hospitals in Ghana, namely the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital; the 37 Military Hospital and the Ridge Hospital. The healthcare professionals comprised of doctors, nurses, pharmacists and trained counsellors employed in any of the three public hospitals. Persons receiving ART at any of the three public hospitals were also part of the research population. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals and persons receiving ART. Data were collected from healthcare professionals in relation to their experiences regarding the provision of ART services, their understanding of evidence-based practice and best-practice guidelines, as well as data on the experiences of persons receiving ART in relation to their adherence to the therapy. The data were analysed using Creswell’s six steps of data analysis; and the coding of the data was done according to Tesch’s eight steps of coding. Trustworthiness was ensured by using Lincoln and Guba’s framework which comprised credibility, transferability, dependability, confirmability and authenticity. Ethical principles such as beneficence and non-maleficence, respect for human dignity, justice, veracity, privacy and confidentiality were considered in the study. In phase two, the literature was searched by using an integrative literature review approach and critically appraising the methodological quality of the guidelines in order to identify the best available evidence related to adherence to ART. In Phase Three, a best-practice guideline for facilitating adherence to ART was developed for public hospitals in Ghana based on the findings of the empirical research of Phase One and the integrative literature review in Phase Two. The guideline was submitted to an expert panel for review; and it was modified, according to the recommendations of the panel.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Agyeman-Yeboah, Joana
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: HIV infections -- Treatment -- Ghana , Health services administration -- Ghana Public health -- Ghana Hospital care -- Ghana
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/13603 , vital:27256
- Description: The retention of persons on an HIV programme has been a global challenge. The success of any strategy to optimize adherence to anti-retroviral therapy (ART) depends on the intensive and effective adherence counselling and strategies. It is important to research whether persons receiving anti-retroviral therapy in public hospitals in Ghana are receiving the needed service that would optimize their adherence to the anti-retroviral therapy. Therefore, this study explored and described the experiences of healthcare professionals providing care, support and guidance to persons on ART at public hospitals in Ghana, as well as the best-practice guideline that could contribute to facilitating the ART adherence of patients. This study also explored and described the experiences of persons living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) on ART, regarding their adherence to the therapy. The study was organized into three phases. In Phase One: a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual design was employed. The research population included healthcare professionals, providing services at the HIV clinic at the public hospitals in Ghana, namely the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital; the 37 Military Hospital and the Ridge Hospital. The healthcare professionals comprised of doctors, nurses, pharmacists and trained counsellors employed in any of the three public hospitals. Persons receiving ART at any of the three public hospitals were also part of the research population. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals and persons receiving ART. Data were collected from healthcare professionals in relation to their experiences regarding the provision of ART services, their understanding of evidence-based practice and best-practice guidelines, as well as data on the experiences of persons receiving ART in relation to their adherence to the therapy. The data were analysed using Creswell’s six steps of data analysis; and the coding of the data was done according to Tesch’s eight steps of coding. Trustworthiness was ensured by using Lincoln and Guba’s framework which comprised credibility, transferability, dependability, confirmability and authenticity. Ethical principles such as beneficence and non-maleficence, respect for human dignity, justice, veracity, privacy and confidentiality were considered in the study. In phase two, the literature was searched by using an integrative literature review approach and critically appraising the methodological quality of the guidelines in order to identify the best available evidence related to adherence to ART. In Phase Three, a best-practice guideline for facilitating adherence to ART was developed for public hospitals in Ghana based on the findings of the empirical research of Phase One and the integrative literature review in Phase Two. The guideline was submitted to an expert panel for review; and it was modified, according to the recommendations of the panel.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017