Die toepassing van die proses van geïntegreerde ontwikkelingsbeplanning deur kategorie B plaaslike owerhede
- Authors: Els, Christoffel Gerhardus
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Local government -- South Africa , Public administration -- South Africa
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Public Management)
- Identifier: vital:10768 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/266 , Local government -- South Africa , Public administration -- South Africa
- Description: Samevattende oorsig: In hierdie skripsie, is 'n studie onderneem ten opsigte van die Geïntegreerde Ontwikkelingsbeplanningsproses, wat die proses van beplanning en die toepassing van hierdie beplanningsresultate ten opsigte van twee klein B-munisipaliteite in die Wes-Kaap Provinsie insluit. Die skripsie bestaan uit sewe hoofstukke en is gebaseer op die veronderstelling dat die beplanningsproses van so 'n tegniese aard is dat kleiner owerhede nie in staat is om die proses na behore te kan bestuur nie. Dit gaan verder van die onderstelling uit dat die implementeeringskapasiteit by kleiner owerhede ontbreek om dievoorsiene uitkomste na behore te realiseer. Die primêre doelwitte van die navorsing sluit die volgende in: 'n basiese oorsig van openbare bestuur, die rolle en funksies van funksionarisse binne hierdie omgewing en die veranderende aard van openbare bestuur. Die proses van geïntegreerde ontwikkelingsbeplanning binne plaaslike regering word bestudeer met 'n volledige proses toeligting. Die noodsaaklikheid van beplanning en prestasiebestuur word bevestig tesame met die uitdagings en probleme wat die nuwe benadering bring aan klein plaaslike owerhede. 'n Finale waardebepaling rond die studie af. Die studie bestaan uit bronnavorsing om die veranderende aard van openbare bestuur toe te lig tesame met die werklike aard van die beplanningsproses soos vereis binne relevante wetgewing. Die impak van hierdie vereistes op klein plaaslike owerhede in die Wes-Kaap word ontleed aan die hand van twee geïntegreerde ontwikkelingsplanne soos deur die skrywer hiervan gefasiliteer by dié owerhede. Die gevolgtrekkings gemaak uit hierdie studie word dan ook aangedui met 'n aanbeveling oor die mees sinvolle inkrementele benadering ten opsigte van ontwikkeling as proses en die deelname van rolspelers daarbinne.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Els, Christoffel Gerhardus
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Local government -- South Africa , Public administration -- South Africa
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Public Management)
- Identifier: vital:10768 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/266 , Local government -- South Africa , Public administration -- South Africa
- Description: Samevattende oorsig: In hierdie skripsie, is 'n studie onderneem ten opsigte van die Geïntegreerde Ontwikkelingsbeplanningsproses, wat die proses van beplanning en die toepassing van hierdie beplanningsresultate ten opsigte van twee klein B-munisipaliteite in die Wes-Kaap Provinsie insluit. Die skripsie bestaan uit sewe hoofstukke en is gebaseer op die veronderstelling dat die beplanningsproses van so 'n tegniese aard is dat kleiner owerhede nie in staat is om die proses na behore te kan bestuur nie. Dit gaan verder van die onderstelling uit dat die implementeeringskapasiteit by kleiner owerhede ontbreek om dievoorsiene uitkomste na behore te realiseer. Die primêre doelwitte van die navorsing sluit die volgende in: 'n basiese oorsig van openbare bestuur, die rolle en funksies van funksionarisse binne hierdie omgewing en die veranderende aard van openbare bestuur. Die proses van geïntegreerde ontwikkelingsbeplanning binne plaaslike regering word bestudeer met 'n volledige proses toeligting. Die noodsaaklikheid van beplanning en prestasiebestuur word bevestig tesame met die uitdagings en probleme wat die nuwe benadering bring aan klein plaaslike owerhede. 'n Finale waardebepaling rond die studie af. Die studie bestaan uit bronnavorsing om die veranderende aard van openbare bestuur toe te lig tesame met die werklike aard van die beplanningsproses soos vereis binne relevante wetgewing. Die impak van hierdie vereistes op klein plaaslike owerhede in die Wes-Kaap word ontleed aan die hand van twee geïntegreerde ontwikkelingsplanne soos deur die skrywer hiervan gefasiliteer by dié owerhede. Die gevolgtrekkings gemaak uit hierdie studie word dan ook aangedui met 'n aanbeveling oor die mees sinvolle inkrementele benadering ten opsigte van ontwikkeling as proses en die deelname van rolspelers daarbinne.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
'n Ontleding van landboutourisme in die Tuinroete-gebied van Suid-Afrika
- Authors: De Jager, Jacobus Lodevicus
- Date: 2003
- Subjects: Tourism -- South Africa -- Garden Route , Farms -- Recreational use -- South Africa -- Garden Route
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Agricultural Management)
- Identifier: vital:10954 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/137 , Tourism -- South Africa -- Garden Route , Farms -- Recreational use -- South Africa -- Garden Route
- Description: The aim of this study was to create a profile of the agricultural tourism industry in the Garden Route area of South Africa, and to determine what general influence agricultural tourism has on the macro environment (rural area) with regard to socio- economic development, as ell as on the micro environment (farm) with regard to the generating of additional income. This study only includes agricultural operations (farms) in the Garden Route area that practice tourism activities. Out of 54 potential agricultural units that were identified, 46 were willing to participate in the study. Information from only 40 of the abovementioned units was finally included in this study. Six agricultural units could not supply sufficient information during the surveys. Data were gathered by means of a scientifically compiled questionnaire. All the individuals involved in this study completed this questionnaire by means of a personal interview. The aspects investigated in order to compile a profile were the characteristics of the suppliers, activities and the extent of the agricultural tourism industry. In order to determine the contribution of agricultural tourism on micro- and macro levels, aspects such as the contribution to farming turnover were investigated as well as the socioeconomic contribution in view of the infrastructure development, job creation, education and housing. The results of this study indicate that 78% of respondents are aged 40 years and older, are mainly male, and, in most of the cases, married (95%). Agricultural tourism enterprises in the Garden Route area are, in most cases (60%), managed by the farmers’ wives. The business type whereby respondents’ agricultural tourism enterprises are conducted, is as follows: in 72.5% of the cases a sole ownership, 17.5% a private company, 5% a partnership, 2.5% a closed corporation and the other remaining 2.5% is managed as a trust. The majority (65%) of persons involved in the management of the agricultural tourism enterprise has received some form of tertiary education. A degree of statistical significance (p = 0.0728) exists between the education level of the type of person/persons that manages the tourist branches and the type of activity category that is offered. In 65% of the cases the farms that offered agricultural tourism, were smaller than 500 hectare. A negative correlation (r² = -0.31700; p<0.0001) was found between farm size and the total farming turnover per year. This trend is even more distinctive (r² = -0.47156; p<0.0001) for farms smaller than 1 000 ha. A statistically meaningful (p = 0.0115) relationship exists between farm size and the number of activities that were offered. This occured in cases where farms were smaller than 1 000 ha. In 25% of the cases only one agricultural tourism activity was offered, 12.5% of these farms were 100 ha or smaller. The maximum number of activities that were offered was 11 and it was found in 3.13% of the cases. A highly statistically meaningful (p = <0.0001) connection exists between the percentage tourism turnover per year and the different types of activity categories that were offered. In 35.75% of the cases these activity categories earned between 1 and 10% of the yearly tourism turnover. A highly statistically meaningful (p = 0.0036) connection also exists between the degree of popularity and the type of activity category that was offered. In 53.07% of the cases the most popular activities were those that are nature-based, followed by accommodation-based activities (23.46%). In 82.5% of the cases additional income was the main reason for offering agricultural tourism. Other distinctive reasons were the love for people (50%) and the desire to share the farm life and beauty with others (25%). The tourism activities that were offered on the farms were respectively, guest houses (62.5%) followed by hiking trails (57.5%) and swimming opportunities (32.5%). Wildlife viewing was the activity that has been offered for the longest period of time, some 11,5 years. The general location of the agricultural tourism operations were 21.9 km from towns and 9.65 km from main routes. Word-of-mouth was the most successful marketing method, followed by the use of own brochures (90%) and local tourism bureau brochures (87.5%). A degree of statistical significance (p = 0.0902) exists between the number of marketing methods and the average percentage of the tourism branch as a total part of the total farming turnover per year. A positive correlation (r² = 0.29118; p<0.0001) exists between the number of marketing methods and the total farming turnover per year. Visitors to the agriculture tourism operations were in 55% of the cases mainly domestic tourists, followed by 25% that includes both domestic and foreign tourists, and a further 20% that mainly includes foreign tourists. The majority (67.5%) of operations indicated that agricultural tourism formed less than 30% (between 2% and 30%) of their annual agricultural turnover, 5% between 30% - 50%, 25% between 80% - 100% of their turnover, while 2.5% generated no income from agricultural tourism. A highly statistically meaningful (p = 0.0010) relationship exists between the percentages that the tourism branch contributes as a total of the farming turnover per year and the number of years that the respondents hade been involved in the offering of agricultural tourism. A positive correlation (r² = 0.30005; p<0.0001) exists between the number of years involved with the offering of agricultural tourism and the average percentage of the total farming turnover per year. New infrastructure was created by 40% of the providers, a further 12.5% partially created new infrastructure, while 47.5% made use of infrastructure that was already in place. Thus far job opportunities have been created for 58 people of whom 13.79% are male and 86.21% are female. A statistically meaningful (p = 0.0406) relationship exists between the number of workers that had to be appointed additionally and the number of activities that were offered. In 17.5% of the cases it was only needed to appoint one worker, followed by 2.5% that appointed three workers each, 5% that had to appoint four workers each and a further 2.5% that had to appoint seven workers each. There are 27.5% of agricultural tourism providers that had to appoint additional workers, 20% provided education to those workers and 36.36% of the above-mentioned provided housing to those workers and their dependants. A statistically meaningful (p = 0.0209) relationship exists between education provided to workers that had to be appointed additionally and the type of activity combination that was presented. A degree of statistical significance (p = 0.0691) exists between housing provided to additional workers and the number of activities that were presented. A statistically meaningful (p = 0.0455) relationship further exists between housing provided to workers that had to be appointed additionally and the type of activity combination that was presented. From the results of this study it appeared that the development of agricultural tourism in the Garden Route area has a positive impact on the micro- and macro environments of the rural areas. This impact can make a direct or indirect contribution to the socio-economic development of this region and it can induce the generation of additional income, infrastructure development, job creation, education and housing. This study suggests that there is significant potential for the further development and exploitation of agricultural tourism.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
- Authors: De Jager, Jacobus Lodevicus
- Date: 2003
- Subjects: Tourism -- South Africa -- Garden Route , Farms -- Recreational use -- South Africa -- Garden Route
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Agricultural Management)
- Identifier: vital:10954 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/137 , Tourism -- South Africa -- Garden Route , Farms -- Recreational use -- South Africa -- Garden Route
- Description: The aim of this study was to create a profile of the agricultural tourism industry in the Garden Route area of South Africa, and to determine what general influence agricultural tourism has on the macro environment (rural area) with regard to socio- economic development, as ell as on the micro environment (farm) with regard to the generating of additional income. This study only includes agricultural operations (farms) in the Garden Route area that practice tourism activities. Out of 54 potential agricultural units that were identified, 46 were willing to participate in the study. Information from only 40 of the abovementioned units was finally included in this study. Six agricultural units could not supply sufficient information during the surveys. Data were gathered by means of a scientifically compiled questionnaire. All the individuals involved in this study completed this questionnaire by means of a personal interview. The aspects investigated in order to compile a profile were the characteristics of the suppliers, activities and the extent of the agricultural tourism industry. In order to determine the contribution of agricultural tourism on micro- and macro levels, aspects such as the contribution to farming turnover were investigated as well as the socioeconomic contribution in view of the infrastructure development, job creation, education and housing. The results of this study indicate that 78% of respondents are aged 40 years and older, are mainly male, and, in most of the cases, married (95%). Agricultural tourism enterprises in the Garden Route area are, in most cases (60%), managed by the farmers’ wives. The business type whereby respondents’ agricultural tourism enterprises are conducted, is as follows: in 72.5% of the cases a sole ownership, 17.5% a private company, 5% a partnership, 2.5% a closed corporation and the other remaining 2.5% is managed as a trust. The majority (65%) of persons involved in the management of the agricultural tourism enterprise has received some form of tertiary education. A degree of statistical significance (p = 0.0728) exists between the education level of the type of person/persons that manages the tourist branches and the type of activity category that is offered. In 65% of the cases the farms that offered agricultural tourism, were smaller than 500 hectare. A negative correlation (r² = -0.31700; p<0.0001) was found between farm size and the total farming turnover per year. This trend is even more distinctive (r² = -0.47156; p<0.0001) for farms smaller than 1 000 ha. A statistically meaningful (p = 0.0115) relationship exists between farm size and the number of activities that were offered. This occured in cases where farms were smaller than 1 000 ha. In 25% of the cases only one agricultural tourism activity was offered, 12.5% of these farms were 100 ha or smaller. The maximum number of activities that were offered was 11 and it was found in 3.13% of the cases. A highly statistically meaningful (p = <0.0001) connection exists between the percentage tourism turnover per year and the different types of activity categories that were offered. In 35.75% of the cases these activity categories earned between 1 and 10% of the yearly tourism turnover. A highly statistically meaningful (p = 0.0036) connection also exists between the degree of popularity and the type of activity category that was offered. In 53.07% of the cases the most popular activities were those that are nature-based, followed by accommodation-based activities (23.46%). In 82.5% of the cases additional income was the main reason for offering agricultural tourism. Other distinctive reasons were the love for people (50%) and the desire to share the farm life and beauty with others (25%). The tourism activities that were offered on the farms were respectively, guest houses (62.5%) followed by hiking trails (57.5%) and swimming opportunities (32.5%). Wildlife viewing was the activity that has been offered for the longest period of time, some 11,5 years. The general location of the agricultural tourism operations were 21.9 km from towns and 9.65 km from main routes. Word-of-mouth was the most successful marketing method, followed by the use of own brochures (90%) and local tourism bureau brochures (87.5%). A degree of statistical significance (p = 0.0902) exists between the number of marketing methods and the average percentage of the tourism branch as a total part of the total farming turnover per year. A positive correlation (r² = 0.29118; p<0.0001) exists between the number of marketing methods and the total farming turnover per year. Visitors to the agriculture tourism operations were in 55% of the cases mainly domestic tourists, followed by 25% that includes both domestic and foreign tourists, and a further 20% that mainly includes foreign tourists. The majority (67.5%) of operations indicated that agricultural tourism formed less than 30% (between 2% and 30%) of their annual agricultural turnover, 5% between 30% - 50%, 25% between 80% - 100% of their turnover, while 2.5% generated no income from agricultural tourism. A highly statistically meaningful (p = 0.0010) relationship exists between the percentages that the tourism branch contributes as a total of the farming turnover per year and the number of years that the respondents hade been involved in the offering of agricultural tourism. A positive correlation (r² = 0.30005; p<0.0001) exists between the number of years involved with the offering of agricultural tourism and the average percentage of the total farming turnover per year. New infrastructure was created by 40% of the providers, a further 12.5% partially created new infrastructure, while 47.5% made use of infrastructure that was already in place. Thus far job opportunities have been created for 58 people of whom 13.79% are male and 86.21% are female. A statistically meaningful (p = 0.0406) relationship exists between the number of workers that had to be appointed additionally and the number of activities that were offered. In 17.5% of the cases it was only needed to appoint one worker, followed by 2.5% that appointed three workers each, 5% that had to appoint four workers each and a further 2.5% that had to appoint seven workers each. There are 27.5% of agricultural tourism providers that had to appoint additional workers, 20% provided education to those workers and 36.36% of the above-mentioned provided housing to those workers and their dependants. A statistically meaningful (p = 0.0209) relationship exists between education provided to workers that had to be appointed additionally and the type of activity combination that was presented. A degree of statistical significance (p = 0.0691) exists between housing provided to additional workers and the number of activities that were presented. A statistically meaningful (p = 0.0455) relationship further exists between housing provided to workers that had to be appointed additionally and the type of activity combination that was presented. From the results of this study it appeared that the development of agricultural tourism in the Garden Route area has a positive impact on the micro- and macro environments of the rural areas. This impact can make a direct or indirect contribution to the socio-economic development of this region and it can induce the generation of additional income, infrastructure development, job creation, education and housing. This study suggests that there is significant potential for the further development and exploitation of agricultural tourism.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
'n Kritiese evaluering na die effektiwiteit van bestuurstrategieë vir ekstensiewe wolskaapboerdery in die groter Burgersdorp omgewing
- Authors: Coetzee, Johanna Magdalena
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Sheep ranches -- South Africa -- Burgersdorp -- Management , Sheep industry -- South Africa -- Burgersdorp
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10953 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/109 , Sheep ranches -- South Africa -- Burgersdorp -- Management , Sheep industry -- South Africa -- Burgersdorp
- Description: The main objectives of this study can be divided into three categories. In the first place it refers to the determination of production- and reproduction norms for the different main production areas in the greater Burgersdorp area, to promote production. In the second place it refers to the determination of the different management styles of sheep farmers in the greater Burgersdorp area. In the third place it refers to the calculation of gross margins for sheep farming in the greater Burgersdorp area, to establish the sustainable economic position. The survey area (the greater Burgersdorp area) includes the magisterial districts of Burgersdorp, Molteno, Steynsburg and Venterstad. The four magisterial districts were divided into two main production areas namely Stormberg Highveld and Burgersdorp Lowveld. Stormberg Highveld includes Molteno and the high-lying area (highveld) of Burgersdorp. Burgersdorp Lowveld comprises Steynsburg, Venterstad and the low-lying area (lowveld) of Burgersdorp. The management strategies of sheep farmers in the survey area were determined by means of a questionnaire and statistically analysed. The economic analyses of the sheep industry (wool and meat) were performed with the Geyer computer model. In this study it showed that the Dorper farmers obtained the highest gross margin per sheep. The lowest gross margin per sheep resulted from the Vleismerino farmers. Although the composition of the gross production value and the directly allocatable variable costs compare favourably, each main production area has unique management strategies for the different sheep breeds. The different management strategies can serve as the norm for extensive sheep farming, applicable to the specific main production area.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: Coetzee, Johanna Magdalena
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Sheep ranches -- South Africa -- Burgersdorp -- Management , Sheep industry -- South Africa -- Burgersdorp
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10953 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/109 , Sheep ranches -- South Africa -- Burgersdorp -- Management , Sheep industry -- South Africa -- Burgersdorp
- Description: The main objectives of this study can be divided into three categories. In the first place it refers to the determination of production- and reproduction norms for the different main production areas in the greater Burgersdorp area, to promote production. In the second place it refers to the determination of the different management styles of sheep farmers in the greater Burgersdorp area. In the third place it refers to the calculation of gross margins for sheep farming in the greater Burgersdorp area, to establish the sustainable economic position. The survey area (the greater Burgersdorp area) includes the magisterial districts of Burgersdorp, Molteno, Steynsburg and Venterstad. The four magisterial districts were divided into two main production areas namely Stormberg Highveld and Burgersdorp Lowveld. Stormberg Highveld includes Molteno and the high-lying area (highveld) of Burgersdorp. Burgersdorp Lowveld comprises Steynsburg, Venterstad and the low-lying area (lowveld) of Burgersdorp. The management strategies of sheep farmers in the survey area were determined by means of a questionnaire and statistically analysed. The economic analyses of the sheep industry (wool and meat) were performed with the Geyer computer model. In this study it showed that the Dorper farmers obtained the highest gross margin per sheep. The lowest gross margin per sheep resulted from the Vleismerino farmers. Although the composition of the gross production value and the directly allocatable variable costs compare favourably, each main production area has unique management strategies for the different sheep breeds. The different management strategies can serve as the norm for extensive sheep farming, applicable to the specific main production area.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
Vergelyking van Tilapia (Oreochromis Mossambicus)en Koi (Ciprinus Carpio) in verskillende produksiestelsels
- Authors: Van der Merwe, Johan Philip
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Fish culture
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Agricultural Management)
- Identifier: vital:10967 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/114 , Fish culture
- Description: Die studie was uitgevoer om te bepaal of warmwaterspesies soos tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) en koi (Ciprinus carpio) gebruik kan word as deel van 'n roterende akwakultuur produksie sisteem in die Wes-Kaap. Drie produksiestelsels (drywende hokstelsel; gronddamme en hersirkuleringseenheid) was ge-evalueer vir beide tilapia en koi produksie. Twee verskillende diëte (tilapia, 32% proteien, 'n lae waarde dieet en koi, 32% proteien, 'n hoë waarde dieet) was ook ge-evalueer vir die effek op koi produksie. Tilapia- en koi vingerlinge was teen dieselfde lading (250/hok) in elke produksiestelsel geplaas. By die begin van die proewe het die tilapia vingerlinge 'n gemiddelde gewig van 60-80g en die koi vingerlinge 'n gemiddelde lengte van 30-40 mm gehad. Die visse is twee keer per dag gevoer en data is op 'n maandelikse basis oor 'n periode van 84 dae versamel. Produksie data vir die tilapia versamel was: 1) die gemiddelde daaglikse toename, 2) die totale voer verbruik, 3) water temperature en 4) mortaliteite is daagliks aangeteken. Die produksie data versamel vir koi wat twee verskillende diëte ontvang het in drie verskillende produksiestelsels was: 1) die gemiddelde daaglikse toename in lengte, 2) die totale voer verbruik, 3) water temperature en 4) mortaliteite is daagliks aangeteken. Die resultate van die tilapia studie het aangedui dat tilapia in die hersirkuleeringseenheid het deurgaans 'n swaarder gewig gehad (p<0.05) as die van die drywende hokstelsel en gronddam stelsel. Terwyl die gronddam stelsel weer 'n swaarder gewig gehad het as die drywende hokstelsel behalwe vir April (171,67 / 39,49 vs 159,33 / 22,15). Nieteenstaande die verskil in begin gewig en eind gewig in die guns van die tilapia in die hersirkuleringseenheid teenoor die ander twee stelsels het die GDT tussen die drywende hokstelsel en die hersirkuleringseenheid nie noemenswaardig verskil nie (1,20 / 0,15 vs 1,40 / 0,24). Die tilapia in die gronddamme het egter swakker (p<0,05) gewigstoename van 0,72 / 0,32 g gehad teenoor die tilapia in die drywende hokstesel 1,40 / 0,24 g en 1,20 / 0,15 g van die tilapia in die hersirkuleringseenheid. Tilapia in die gronddamme het dus ongeveer 45% swakker gemiddelde gewigstoename getoon as die van die drywende hokstelsel en hersirkuleringseenheid. Die produksiestelsel het 'n hoogs betekenisvolle invloed (p<0,001) op die groeipotensiaal van tilapia gehad in hierdie studie. Die gemiddelde totale hoeveelheid voer verbruik was nie statisties verskillend tussen die drywende hokstelsel en gronddam stelsel nie (29,83 / 2,66 vs 30,83 / 5,42), maar wel (p<0,05) vir die hersirkuleringseenheid (29,94 / 0,88). Die VOV het nie verskil tussen die drywende hokstelsel en hersirkuleringeenheid, maar daar was wel 'n verskil (p<0,05) tussen hierdie twee stelsels en die van die gronddamme. Die totale gemiddelde mortaliteite van tilapia was die hoogste (p<0,05) vir die drywende hokstelsel in vergelyking met die gronddamme en hersirkuleringseenheid. Die drywende hokstelsel het 14,67 / 14,61% meer mortaliteite gehad as die gronddamme en hersirkuleringeenheid. Die koi studie se resultate dui aan dat die tipe stelsel het 'n hoogs betekenisvolle (p<0,001) invloed gehad op die gemiddelde toename in lengte van die koi vis vir die somerseisoen. Die tipe dieet het geen invloed op die toename in lengte van koi vis vir al drie die stelsels ge-evalueer, maar die interaksie tussen dieet en die tipe stelsel was wel betekenisvol (p<0.05). Die interaksie tussen die tipe dieet en die tipe stelsel was die hoogste vir die groddamme 136,41 / 32,46 mm en 136,25 / 33,08 mm vir beide tilapia en die koi diëte gevoer. Die gemiddelde totale voer wat deur koi visse in die drie stelsels verbruik is, het wel statisties van mekaar verskil (p<0,05). Koi visse in die gronddam stelsel het meer voer verbruik vir beide die tilapia- en koi dieet (31,03 / 2,01 en 29,67 / 3,57) in vergelyking met die (26,35 / 2,44 ; 26,98 / 0,49 en 5,50 # 0,52 en 6,13 / 0,22) vir die drywende hokke en hersirkuleringseenheid stelsels onderskiedelik. Die % mortaliteite was betekenisvol (p<0,05) vir die verskillende stelsels. Koi visse in die hersirkuleringseenheid het die hoogste mortaliteite gehad vir beide die tilapia en die koi diëte (65,50 / 18,07% en 79,50 / 38,27%) terwyl koi visse in die gronddamme die laagste mortaliteite ondervind het (1,20 / 1,20% en 2,33 / 4,89%) vir beide die tilapia en koi diëte. Die koi in die gronddam stelsel het die beste resultate gelewer en dit is ook moontlik om koi 'n lae waarde dieet te voer sonder nadelige effekte op produksie.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: Van der Merwe, Johan Philip
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Fish culture
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Agricultural Management)
- Identifier: vital:10967 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/114 , Fish culture
- Description: Die studie was uitgevoer om te bepaal of warmwaterspesies soos tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) en koi (Ciprinus carpio) gebruik kan word as deel van 'n roterende akwakultuur produksie sisteem in die Wes-Kaap. Drie produksiestelsels (drywende hokstelsel; gronddamme en hersirkuleringseenheid) was ge-evalueer vir beide tilapia en koi produksie. Twee verskillende diëte (tilapia, 32% proteien, 'n lae waarde dieet en koi, 32% proteien, 'n hoë waarde dieet) was ook ge-evalueer vir die effek op koi produksie. Tilapia- en koi vingerlinge was teen dieselfde lading (250/hok) in elke produksiestelsel geplaas. By die begin van die proewe het die tilapia vingerlinge 'n gemiddelde gewig van 60-80g en die koi vingerlinge 'n gemiddelde lengte van 30-40 mm gehad. Die visse is twee keer per dag gevoer en data is op 'n maandelikse basis oor 'n periode van 84 dae versamel. Produksie data vir die tilapia versamel was: 1) die gemiddelde daaglikse toename, 2) die totale voer verbruik, 3) water temperature en 4) mortaliteite is daagliks aangeteken. Die produksie data versamel vir koi wat twee verskillende diëte ontvang het in drie verskillende produksiestelsels was: 1) die gemiddelde daaglikse toename in lengte, 2) die totale voer verbruik, 3) water temperature en 4) mortaliteite is daagliks aangeteken. Die resultate van die tilapia studie het aangedui dat tilapia in die hersirkuleeringseenheid het deurgaans 'n swaarder gewig gehad (p<0.05) as die van die drywende hokstelsel en gronddam stelsel. Terwyl die gronddam stelsel weer 'n swaarder gewig gehad het as die drywende hokstelsel behalwe vir April (171,67 / 39,49 vs 159,33 / 22,15). Nieteenstaande die verskil in begin gewig en eind gewig in die guns van die tilapia in die hersirkuleringseenheid teenoor die ander twee stelsels het die GDT tussen die drywende hokstelsel en die hersirkuleringseenheid nie noemenswaardig verskil nie (1,20 / 0,15 vs 1,40 / 0,24). Die tilapia in die gronddamme het egter swakker (p<0,05) gewigstoename van 0,72 / 0,32 g gehad teenoor die tilapia in die drywende hokstesel 1,40 / 0,24 g en 1,20 / 0,15 g van die tilapia in die hersirkuleringseenheid. Tilapia in die gronddamme het dus ongeveer 45% swakker gemiddelde gewigstoename getoon as die van die drywende hokstelsel en hersirkuleringseenheid. Die produksiestelsel het 'n hoogs betekenisvolle invloed (p<0,001) op die groeipotensiaal van tilapia gehad in hierdie studie. Die gemiddelde totale hoeveelheid voer verbruik was nie statisties verskillend tussen die drywende hokstelsel en gronddam stelsel nie (29,83 / 2,66 vs 30,83 / 5,42), maar wel (p<0,05) vir die hersirkuleringseenheid (29,94 / 0,88). Die VOV het nie verskil tussen die drywende hokstelsel en hersirkuleringeenheid, maar daar was wel 'n verskil (p<0,05) tussen hierdie twee stelsels en die van die gronddamme. Die totale gemiddelde mortaliteite van tilapia was die hoogste (p<0,05) vir die drywende hokstelsel in vergelyking met die gronddamme en hersirkuleringseenheid. Die drywende hokstelsel het 14,67 / 14,61% meer mortaliteite gehad as die gronddamme en hersirkuleringeenheid. Die koi studie se resultate dui aan dat die tipe stelsel het 'n hoogs betekenisvolle (p<0,001) invloed gehad op die gemiddelde toename in lengte van die koi vis vir die somerseisoen. Die tipe dieet het geen invloed op die toename in lengte van koi vis vir al drie die stelsels ge-evalueer, maar die interaksie tussen dieet en die tipe stelsel was wel betekenisvol (p<0.05). Die interaksie tussen die tipe dieet en die tipe stelsel was die hoogste vir die groddamme 136,41 / 32,46 mm en 136,25 / 33,08 mm vir beide tilapia en die koi diëte gevoer. Die gemiddelde totale voer wat deur koi visse in die drie stelsels verbruik is, het wel statisties van mekaar verskil (p<0,05). Koi visse in die gronddam stelsel het meer voer verbruik vir beide die tilapia- en koi dieet (31,03 / 2,01 en 29,67 / 3,57) in vergelyking met die (26,35 / 2,44 ; 26,98 / 0,49 en 5,50 # 0,52 en 6,13 / 0,22) vir die drywende hokke en hersirkuleringseenheid stelsels onderskiedelik. Die % mortaliteite was betekenisvol (p<0,05) vir die verskillende stelsels. Koi visse in die hersirkuleringseenheid het die hoogste mortaliteite gehad vir beide die tilapia en die koi diëte (65,50 / 18,07% en 79,50 / 38,27%) terwyl koi visse in die gronddamme die laagste mortaliteite ondervind het (1,20 / 1,20% en 2,33 / 4,89%) vir beide die tilapia en koi diëte. Die koi in die gronddam stelsel het die beste resultate gelewer en dit is ook moontlik om koi 'n lae waarde dieet te voer sonder nadelige effekte op produksie.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
'n Besluitnemings ondersteuningsmodel vir die bepaling van die mees geskikte wisselboustelsel-ritme vir gemengde graanboerderye in die Koeberg
- Authors: Potgieter, F J
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Grain -- South Africa , Crop rotation
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10948 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43 , Grain -- South Africa , Crop rotation
- Description: Weens die unieke eiesoortigheid van die mens is sy behoeftes vanselfsprekend uiters divers. Wat vir die een persoon prioriteit is, mag vir sy buurman geensins belangrik wees nie. Dit is egter ook ’n gegewe, dat die mens heelwat gemeenskaplike ervarings, emosies en behoeftes deel. Een hiervan is die behoefte wat hy het om te weet dat die besluit wat hy gaan of wil neem die regte een binne die konteks van sy keuse mag wees. Die woord ‘behoefte’ kan waarskynlik in hierdie geval vervang word met die begrip ‘genade’. Sonder om 'n platvorm vir debat te skep, word die stelling gehandhaaf dat ‘genade’ slegs van die Skepper afkomstig is. Met hierdie stelling as agtergrond was dit 'n minder aangename ervaring om vir feitlik twintig jaar te moes toekyk hoe koringboere hul besluite, veral met betrekking tot die samestelling van wisselboustelsels, moes neem, klaarblyklik in totale gebrek aan die gawe van ‘genade’. Nodeloos om te sê, met gepaardgaande negatiewe gevolge. Die meer gemaklike verontskuldiging is om te redeneer dat ons Skepper relatief suinig is met die uitdeel van sy ‘genade’. Alvorens die begrip van Prediker 10:10 nog nie ten volle begryp is nie, kan so 'n stelling dalk makliker gemaak word. Hierdie gedeelte uit die Skrif sê in werklikheid die teenoorgestelde – dat God baie vrygewig is met Sy ‘genade’, maar dat die mens sy gesonde verstand moet gebruik om dit ten volle te benut. Die wens is dat hierdie studie, 'n deel sal uitmaak van die proses om die byl skerp te maak om sodoende die houtkap-proses effektief uit te voer.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Potgieter, F J
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Grain -- South Africa , Crop rotation
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10948 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43 , Grain -- South Africa , Crop rotation
- Description: Weens die unieke eiesoortigheid van die mens is sy behoeftes vanselfsprekend uiters divers. Wat vir die een persoon prioriteit is, mag vir sy buurman geensins belangrik wees nie. Dit is egter ook ’n gegewe, dat die mens heelwat gemeenskaplike ervarings, emosies en behoeftes deel. Een hiervan is die behoefte wat hy het om te weet dat die besluit wat hy gaan of wil neem die regte een binne die konteks van sy keuse mag wees. Die woord ‘behoefte’ kan waarskynlik in hierdie geval vervang word met die begrip ‘genade’. Sonder om 'n platvorm vir debat te skep, word die stelling gehandhaaf dat ‘genade’ slegs van die Skepper afkomstig is. Met hierdie stelling as agtergrond was dit 'n minder aangename ervaring om vir feitlik twintig jaar te moes toekyk hoe koringboere hul besluite, veral met betrekking tot die samestelling van wisselboustelsels, moes neem, klaarblyklik in totale gebrek aan die gawe van ‘genade’. Nodeloos om te sê, met gepaardgaande negatiewe gevolge. Die meer gemaklike verontskuldiging is om te redeneer dat ons Skepper relatief suinig is met die uitdeel van sy ‘genade’. Alvorens die begrip van Prediker 10:10 nog nie ten volle begryp is nie, kan so 'n stelling dalk makliker gemaak word. Hierdie gedeelte uit die Skrif sê in werklikheid die teenoorgestelde – dat God baie vrygewig is met Sy ‘genade’, maar dat die mens sy gesonde verstand moet gebruik om dit ten volle te benut. Die wens is dat hierdie studie, 'n deel sal uitmaak van die proses om die byl skerp te maak om sodoende die houtkap-proses effektief uit te voer.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
Byvoeding van skape op aangeplante weiding in 'n mediterreense klimaat
- Authors: Aucamp, Barend Bernadus
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Sheep -- Feeding and feeds
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Agriculture)
- Identifier: vital:10949 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44 , Sheep -- Feeding and feeds
- Description: Tydens embrio ontwikkeling groei weefsel deur selvermeedering, maar soos wat soogdiere volwassendheid nader vind groei net plaas deur sel vergroting. Volwassenheid word beskou as wanneer spiergroei ‘n maksimum bereik. Groei sluit die neerlegging van vet in, maar spiermassa is van primêre belang. Die groeikurwe (Fig 1) waarin massatoename teenoor ouderdom vergelyk word, volg ‘n sigmoidale kurwe (Owens et al, 1993). Onder ideale toestande is die groeitempo van lammers relatief konstant van kort na geboorte totdat die helfte van volwassemassa bereik word, waarna dit geleidelik afneem tot volwassenheid (Black, 1983). Die afname in groeitempo begin gewoonlik met die bereiking van puberteit (Owens et al, 1993).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Aucamp, Barend Bernadus
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Sheep -- Feeding and feeds
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Agriculture)
- Identifier: vital:10949 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44 , Sheep -- Feeding and feeds
- Description: Tydens embrio ontwikkeling groei weefsel deur selvermeedering, maar soos wat soogdiere volwassendheid nader vind groei net plaas deur sel vergroting. Volwassenheid word beskou as wanneer spiergroei ‘n maksimum bereik. Groei sluit die neerlegging van vet in, maar spiermassa is van primêre belang. Die groeikurwe (Fig 1) waarin massatoename teenoor ouderdom vergelyk word, volg ‘n sigmoidale kurwe (Owens et al, 1993). Onder ideale toestande is die groeitempo van lammers relatief konstant van kort na geboorte totdat die helfte van volwassemassa bereik word, waarna dit geleidelik afneem tot volwassenheid (Black, 1983). Die afname in groeitempo begin gewoonlik met die bereiking van puberteit (Owens et al, 1993).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
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