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[iLahleko - Loss]
- Authors: Qhali, Itumeleng
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English , Xhosa
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/191825 , vital:45169
- Description: My thesis is a collection of poems and prose that explores the disjunction of losses for women and children across the two languages I inhabit, isiXhosa and English. Ukulahlekelwa lithemba, ukudukelwa yingqondo, ukholo, ubuwena, umzimba nothando. For me, isiXhosa captures the innate musicality and deep emotions within a word or a sound that are not available in English. On the other hand, English readily produces visceral images that are more difficult for me to access in isiXhosa. Kolu phononongo ndikwasebenzisa namagama emboleko ukuze ndikhulise isigama. Ndisebenzisa amagama azibeka zinjalo iimvakalelo, angqalileyo kuncwadi lwesiXhosa. Ndisebenzisa zombini ilyric form kunye neprozi ngenxa yesingqi esiphuhliswa yilyric, nangenxa yenkululeko umbali ayifumanayo kwiprozi. As a bilingual writer ndifuthelwe sisingqi nobunzulu bentlungu obufumaneka in the translated and bilingual works of Isabella Motadinyane, noMarina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva, imibongo yeDaikwan eguqulwe nguStephen Watson ethi Song of the Broken String; iimbongi zespanish ezinjengo Antonia Machado; ngendlela abasebenzisa ngayo ulwimi lwabo ukunabisa nokugqithisa umyalezo ngeentlungu abadibana nazo, bakwanaso nesingqi somculo othuthuzelayo kwimibongo yabo. The structure of my thesis is inspired by the innovative mixed genre layout of Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese’s Loud and Yellow Laughter, and the new formats of isiXhosa writing presented in Mthunzikazi Mbugwana’s poetry. My work has also been shaped by the visceral imagery and briefly captured moments of loss in imisebenzi ka S.S Mema, Nontsizi Mgqwetho, noPascale Petit, novangile gantsho. Imisebenzi yabo ikuzobela umfanekiso ngqondweni ophilayo. Bonke abababhali bahambe indlela endinika umdla nendifuna ukuyihamba nam njengombhali omtsha obhala ngeelwimi ezimbini. , My thesis is a collection of poems and prose that explores the disjunction of losses for women and children across the two languages I inhabit, isiXhosa and English. For me, isiXhosa captures the innate musicality and deep emotions within a word or a sound that are not available to me in English. On the other hand, English readily produces visceral images that are more difficult for me to find in isiXhosa. My poems use the music and introspection of the lyric form, as well as the emotional outpouring that prose poetry allows. As a bilingual writer, I am influenced by the transference of musicality and gravity of loss conveyed in the translated and bilingual work of Isabella Motadinyane, the Russian Marina Tsvetaeva, Stephen Watson’s Song of the Broken String, as well as the Spanish poets Antonio Machado. The structure of my thesis is inspired by the innovative mixed genre layout of Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese’s Loud and Yellow Laughter, and the new formats of isiXhosa writing presented in Mthunzikazi Mbugwana’s poetry. My work has also been shaped by the visceral imagery and briefly captured moments of loss in the work of South African poets vangile gantsho, S.S. Mema, and Nontsizi Mgqwetho, as well as the English poet, Pascale Petit. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanitites, School of Languages and Literatures, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Qhali, Itumeleng
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English , Xhosa
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/191825 , vital:45169
- Description: My thesis is a collection of poems and prose that explores the disjunction of losses for women and children across the two languages I inhabit, isiXhosa and English. Ukulahlekelwa lithemba, ukudukelwa yingqondo, ukholo, ubuwena, umzimba nothando. For me, isiXhosa captures the innate musicality and deep emotions within a word or a sound that are not available in English. On the other hand, English readily produces visceral images that are more difficult for me to access in isiXhosa. Kolu phononongo ndikwasebenzisa namagama emboleko ukuze ndikhulise isigama. Ndisebenzisa amagama azibeka zinjalo iimvakalelo, angqalileyo kuncwadi lwesiXhosa. Ndisebenzisa zombini ilyric form kunye neprozi ngenxa yesingqi esiphuhliswa yilyric, nangenxa yenkululeko umbali ayifumanayo kwiprozi. As a bilingual writer ndifuthelwe sisingqi nobunzulu bentlungu obufumaneka in the translated and bilingual works of Isabella Motadinyane, noMarina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva, imibongo yeDaikwan eguqulwe nguStephen Watson ethi Song of the Broken String; iimbongi zespanish ezinjengo Antonia Machado; ngendlela abasebenzisa ngayo ulwimi lwabo ukunabisa nokugqithisa umyalezo ngeentlungu abadibana nazo, bakwanaso nesingqi somculo othuthuzelayo kwimibongo yabo. The structure of my thesis is inspired by the innovative mixed genre layout of Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese’s Loud and Yellow Laughter, and the new formats of isiXhosa writing presented in Mthunzikazi Mbugwana’s poetry. My work has also been shaped by the visceral imagery and briefly captured moments of loss in imisebenzi ka S.S Mema, Nontsizi Mgqwetho, noPascale Petit, novangile gantsho. Imisebenzi yabo ikuzobela umfanekiso ngqondweni ophilayo. Bonke abababhali bahambe indlela endinika umdla nendifuna ukuyihamba nam njengombhali omtsha obhala ngeelwimi ezimbini. , My thesis is a collection of poems and prose that explores the disjunction of losses for women and children across the two languages I inhabit, isiXhosa and English. For me, isiXhosa captures the innate musicality and deep emotions within a word or a sound that are not available to me in English. On the other hand, English readily produces visceral images that are more difficult for me to find in isiXhosa. My poems use the music and introspection of the lyric form, as well as the emotional outpouring that prose poetry allows. As a bilingual writer, I am influenced by the transference of musicality and gravity of loss conveyed in the translated and bilingual work of Isabella Motadinyane, the Russian Marina Tsvetaeva, Stephen Watson’s Song of the Broken String, as well as the Spanish poets Antonio Machado. The structure of my thesis is inspired by the innovative mixed genre layout of Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese’s Loud and Yellow Laughter, and the new formats of isiXhosa writing presented in Mthunzikazi Mbugwana’s poetry. My work has also been shaped by the visceral imagery and briefly captured moments of loss in the work of South African poets vangile gantsho, S.S. Mema, and Nontsizi Mgqwetho, as well as the English poet, Pascale Petit. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanitites, School of Languages and Literatures, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
A critical assessment of the relationship between the AfCFTA and World Trade Organisation dispute settlement mechanisms, in light of the Conflict of Jurisdiction
- Nhemachena, Tichakunda Charles
- Authors: Nhemachena, Tichakunda Charles
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192052 , vital:45191
- Description: This thesis interrogates the relationship between the Dispute Settlement Understanding and Africa Continental Free Trade Area dispute settlement mechanism, in light of the conflict of jurisdiction. The conflict of jurisdiction is an adverse effect of the fragmentation of international law. The uncoordinated proliferation of international treaties has increased occurrences of overlapping memberships and overlapping subject matter regulation amongst treaties. Whenever the overlaps mentioned above exist, and a dispute arises concerning matters of overlap, that dispute can be heard in more than one tribunal, giving rise to a conflict of jurisdiction. Jurisdictional conflicts are a problem because they breed uncertainty in the adjudication of disputes; they increase the risk of forum shopping, conflict of rulings, protracted litigation, and waste resources. There is a significant risk for jurisdictional conflicts between the World Trade Organisation and Africa Continental Free Trade Area agreements, because of membership and subject matter overlaps. To mitigate the problems caused by jurisdictional conflicts, the Africa Continental Free Trade Area agreement has incorporated a fork-in-the-road clause. Fork-in-the-road provisions allow parties to choose their preferred forum, and once the forum is chosen, the parties are prohibited from bringing the same dispute to another tribunal. Unfortunately, fork-in-the-road clauses are insufficient in resolving jurisdictional conflicts because they do not bind the Dispute Settlement Understanding. It is only bound to enforce World Trade Organisation obligations and not non-World Trade Organisation obligations. The extent to which non-World Trade Organisation norms apply in the Dispute Settlement Understanding is unsettled, making it difficult to conclude whether a fork-in-the-road provision will be effective an effective solution to potential jurisdictional conflicts. In this thesis, the researcher investigates the prospects of the World Trade Organisation applying the AfCFTA fork-in-the-road clause, directly, as a potential solution to the conflict of jurisdiction. In addition, the researcher will also investigate an alternative means of applying the AfCFTA fork-in-the-road provision, indirectly, using the World Trade Organisation procedural good faith provisions. In conclusion, the researcher provides recommendations on how the World Trade Organisation and the AfCFTA agreement can facilitate the application of fork-in-the-road clauses in the Dispute Settlement Understanding to resolve the conflict of jurisdiction. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Law, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Nhemachena, Tichakunda Charles
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192052 , vital:45191
- Description: This thesis interrogates the relationship between the Dispute Settlement Understanding and Africa Continental Free Trade Area dispute settlement mechanism, in light of the conflict of jurisdiction. The conflict of jurisdiction is an adverse effect of the fragmentation of international law. The uncoordinated proliferation of international treaties has increased occurrences of overlapping memberships and overlapping subject matter regulation amongst treaties. Whenever the overlaps mentioned above exist, and a dispute arises concerning matters of overlap, that dispute can be heard in more than one tribunal, giving rise to a conflict of jurisdiction. Jurisdictional conflicts are a problem because they breed uncertainty in the adjudication of disputes; they increase the risk of forum shopping, conflict of rulings, protracted litigation, and waste resources. There is a significant risk for jurisdictional conflicts between the World Trade Organisation and Africa Continental Free Trade Area agreements, because of membership and subject matter overlaps. To mitigate the problems caused by jurisdictional conflicts, the Africa Continental Free Trade Area agreement has incorporated a fork-in-the-road clause. Fork-in-the-road provisions allow parties to choose their preferred forum, and once the forum is chosen, the parties are prohibited from bringing the same dispute to another tribunal. Unfortunately, fork-in-the-road clauses are insufficient in resolving jurisdictional conflicts because they do not bind the Dispute Settlement Understanding. It is only bound to enforce World Trade Organisation obligations and not non-World Trade Organisation obligations. The extent to which non-World Trade Organisation norms apply in the Dispute Settlement Understanding is unsettled, making it difficult to conclude whether a fork-in-the-road provision will be effective an effective solution to potential jurisdictional conflicts. In this thesis, the researcher investigates the prospects of the World Trade Organisation applying the AfCFTA fork-in-the-road clause, directly, as a potential solution to the conflict of jurisdiction. In addition, the researcher will also investigate an alternative means of applying the AfCFTA fork-in-the-road provision, indirectly, using the World Trade Organisation procedural good faith provisions. In conclusion, the researcher provides recommendations on how the World Trade Organisation and the AfCFTA agreement can facilitate the application of fork-in-the-road clauses in the Dispute Settlement Understanding to resolve the conflict of jurisdiction. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Law, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
A green approach for the synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes as anti-protozoal agents
- Authors: Cossa, Teresa Manuel
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192786 , vital:45264
- Description: Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science, Chemistry, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Cossa, Teresa Manuel
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192786 , vital:45264
- Description: Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science, Chemistry, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
A guide for the use of tablet PCs for teaching and learning activities for in classroom and distance learning in South African schools
- Authors: Theunissen, Kristen Emma
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/191920 , vital:45179
- Description: Education in South Africa is said to be in crisis in recent years as many learners cannot pass standardised tests at the correct grade level. This has encouraged the South African Government and the Department of Basic Education (DBE) to introduce technology, specifically Tablet PCs, into education to improve learning outcomes in South African government schools. Furthermore, because of the coronavirus pandemic that started in 2020, educators were increasingly expected to find alternative, digital, online methods to continue teaching learners. Thus, the need for remote or distance education suddenly became an important factor in creating a need for online, remote learning. Against this backdrop this study aimed to determine how and in what ways educators could be supported to promote effective use of Tablet PCs both in the classroom and for distance learning. This study used Action Design Research to develop a guide based on both theory and the results gathered from the educator participants at a local secondary government school in Makhanda, South Africa. The finalised guide presents recommendations to educators, principals, and the DBE to promote acceptance and adoption of technology in the classroom and for distance learning. These recommendations include the provision of data, technological training and pedagogical support, a functioning community of practice, an online learning community of practice, and support from the DBE. Other enrichment factors were also recommended. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Commerce, Information Systems, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Theunissen, Kristen Emma
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/191920 , vital:45179
- Description: Education in South Africa is said to be in crisis in recent years as many learners cannot pass standardised tests at the correct grade level. This has encouraged the South African Government and the Department of Basic Education (DBE) to introduce technology, specifically Tablet PCs, into education to improve learning outcomes in South African government schools. Furthermore, because of the coronavirus pandemic that started in 2020, educators were increasingly expected to find alternative, digital, online methods to continue teaching learners. Thus, the need for remote or distance education suddenly became an important factor in creating a need for online, remote learning. Against this backdrop this study aimed to determine how and in what ways educators could be supported to promote effective use of Tablet PCs both in the classroom and for distance learning. This study used Action Design Research to develop a guide based on both theory and the results gathered from the educator participants at a local secondary government school in Makhanda, South Africa. The finalised guide presents recommendations to educators, principals, and the DBE to promote acceptance and adoption of technology in the classroom and for distance learning. These recommendations include the provision of data, technological training and pedagogical support, a functioning community of practice, an online learning community of practice, and support from the DBE. Other enrichment factors were also recommended. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Commerce, Information Systems, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
A qualitative analysis of the formation and maintenance of the franchisee/franchisor relationship
- Authors: Rodgerson, Jeffrey David
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/190782 , vital:45027
- Description: A number of studies have examined the franchisee/franchisor relationship to investigate how to select the correct franchisee and, subsequently, how to maintain a productive franchisee/franchisor relationship. A literature review was therefore conducted on the selection process and the maintenance of the franchisee/ franchisor relationship. The literature suggests that a set of selection criteria to increase the chance of a successful franchisee/franchisor relationship has not been clearly identified. Therefore, this study’s first objectives are: 1) the selection criteria that are used by the franchisor in selecting franchisees. Specifically, how RE/MAX South Africa selects local franchisees; and 2) how the franchisor manages the relationship to ensure compliance by the franchisees who have been selected. For this study, the selection criteria identified by Nevin (1999) and Olm et al. (1988) will serve as the basis of the first part of the study. The four selection criteria categories that have been identified by Nevin (1999) include: financial capability; experience and management skill; demographic characteristics; and attitude towards business. The literature reveals that the viewpoint of the franchisee is often overlooked by researchers, and yet the need of the franchisee should be ascertained to increase the chance of a successful franchisee/franchisor relationship. The literature has indicated that if the franchisors can keep the franchisees satisfied, the opportunity of franchise success and gaining franchisee compliance is much greater. In other words, if a franchisor can attain the correct people and know exactly what they want out of a franchise relationship, this will provide the franchise with a greater chance of success. The third objective of this research is, therefore, to analyse – from the perspective of both franchisees and their franchisor - how the relationship between them is maintained, and ultimately how the franchisor gains compliance from the franchisees. The model of Trust and Compliance (Davies, Lassar, Manolis, Prince and Winsor, 2011), which sets out the relationship between satisfaction, conflict, trust and compliance, was used to examine the franchisee/franchisor relationship. The practices of RE/MAX South Africa served as a case study for this research. Interviews were conducted, with the CEO and five franchisees, to identify the criteria used to select franchisees and gain a holistic understanding of the process of maintaining the relationship. The interview questions were structured using the Davies et al (2011) Model of Trust and Compliance. The data analysis technique that was used to analyse the interviews was thematic analysis. The findings firstly revealed that due to the fluid and low barriers to entry within the real estate industry, RE/MAX as an organisation does not have a standardised set of selection criteria but that an in-house guideline, called the RE/MAX Formula, was vital to this selection process. Secondly, in maintaining the franchisee/franchisor relationship and referring to the four factors of the trust and compliance model (Davies et al., 2011), the following key findings were noted. Firstly, the relationship between satisfaction and trust was primarily based around reciprocation within the franchisee/franchisor relationship. Secondly, various sources of conflict were identified, and it was noted that if conflict was not dealt with adequately, there was a breakdown of trust within the relationship. Finally, the building of trust was based on transparency, accountability, goal congruency and credibility. Recommendations for franchise management and further research were made. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Commerce, Rhodes Business School, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Rodgerson, Jeffrey David
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/190782 , vital:45027
- Description: A number of studies have examined the franchisee/franchisor relationship to investigate how to select the correct franchisee and, subsequently, how to maintain a productive franchisee/franchisor relationship. A literature review was therefore conducted on the selection process and the maintenance of the franchisee/ franchisor relationship. The literature suggests that a set of selection criteria to increase the chance of a successful franchisee/franchisor relationship has not been clearly identified. Therefore, this study’s first objectives are: 1) the selection criteria that are used by the franchisor in selecting franchisees. Specifically, how RE/MAX South Africa selects local franchisees; and 2) how the franchisor manages the relationship to ensure compliance by the franchisees who have been selected. For this study, the selection criteria identified by Nevin (1999) and Olm et al. (1988) will serve as the basis of the first part of the study. The four selection criteria categories that have been identified by Nevin (1999) include: financial capability; experience and management skill; demographic characteristics; and attitude towards business. The literature reveals that the viewpoint of the franchisee is often overlooked by researchers, and yet the need of the franchisee should be ascertained to increase the chance of a successful franchisee/franchisor relationship. The literature has indicated that if the franchisors can keep the franchisees satisfied, the opportunity of franchise success and gaining franchisee compliance is much greater. In other words, if a franchisor can attain the correct people and know exactly what they want out of a franchise relationship, this will provide the franchise with a greater chance of success. The third objective of this research is, therefore, to analyse – from the perspective of both franchisees and their franchisor - how the relationship between them is maintained, and ultimately how the franchisor gains compliance from the franchisees. The model of Trust and Compliance (Davies, Lassar, Manolis, Prince and Winsor, 2011), which sets out the relationship between satisfaction, conflict, trust and compliance, was used to examine the franchisee/franchisor relationship. The practices of RE/MAX South Africa served as a case study for this research. Interviews were conducted, with the CEO and five franchisees, to identify the criteria used to select franchisees and gain a holistic understanding of the process of maintaining the relationship. The interview questions were structured using the Davies et al (2011) Model of Trust and Compliance. The data analysis technique that was used to analyse the interviews was thematic analysis. The findings firstly revealed that due to the fluid and low barriers to entry within the real estate industry, RE/MAX as an organisation does not have a standardised set of selection criteria but that an in-house guideline, called the RE/MAX Formula, was vital to this selection process. Secondly, in maintaining the franchisee/franchisor relationship and referring to the four factors of the trust and compliance model (Davies et al., 2011), the following key findings were noted. Firstly, the relationship between satisfaction and trust was primarily based around reciprocation within the franchisee/franchisor relationship. Secondly, various sources of conflict were identified, and it was noted that if conflict was not dealt with adequately, there was a breakdown of trust within the relationship. Finally, the building of trust was based on transparency, accountability, goal congruency and credibility. Recommendations for franchise management and further research were made. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Commerce, Rhodes Business School, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
A quantitative analysis of the relationship between the 12 components of the Index of Economic Freedom (IEF) and the Human Development Index (HDI) scores within the 16 Southern African Development Community (SADC) nations
- Authors: Peel, Brendon Robert
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/191841 , vital:45171
- Description: Nations in Sub-Saharan Africa tend to experience some of the worst levels of human development and economic freedom in the world. Previous research has shown that there is a positive and significant correlation between these two macroeconomic facets. Further research has shown that if nations' policy-makers can manage their resources and capabilities appropriately, then this could improve their economic freedom and human development levels. This study aims to analyse the relationship between the scores of the 12 different components of the Index of Economic Freedom (IEF) and the overall Human Development Index (HDI) scores of Sub-Saharan African nations. The specific selection of nations utilised in the study are the 16 countries that make up the Southern African Development Community (SADC). Based on a review of the literature on human development, economic freedom, and the Resource Based Theory (RBT) on a macro-level, a correlational study was conducted to determine the relationship between the relevant variables. The information was collected from the Heritage Foundation and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), respectively. The data and scores collected and used in the study are from the years 2015 to 2019. The correlational results demonstrated that nine of the 12 components of the IEF has a positive and significant correlation with HDI within the selected African nations. The strongest correlation being between 'Property Rights' and HDI. Therefore, it is likely that if the property rights within a nation are upheld, said nation would have higher levels of human development. The three components that proved to have an insignificant result with HDI were; 'Tax Burden', 'Government Spending', and 'Fiscal Health'. The results indicate that all components that fall under the category of 'Government Size' share no significant correlational relationship with human development. It is recommended that governments and policy-makers take this into consideration when managing their resources and capabilities to improve the nation's human development. Further research is required to identify the specifics on how this management and allocation of resources can be utilised effectively to improve the human development and economic freedom in Sub-Saharan Africa. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Commerce, Rhodes Business School, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Peel, Brendon Robert
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/191841 , vital:45171
- Description: Nations in Sub-Saharan Africa tend to experience some of the worst levels of human development and economic freedom in the world. Previous research has shown that there is a positive and significant correlation between these two macroeconomic facets. Further research has shown that if nations' policy-makers can manage their resources and capabilities appropriately, then this could improve their economic freedom and human development levels. This study aims to analyse the relationship between the scores of the 12 different components of the Index of Economic Freedom (IEF) and the overall Human Development Index (HDI) scores of Sub-Saharan African nations. The specific selection of nations utilised in the study are the 16 countries that make up the Southern African Development Community (SADC). Based on a review of the literature on human development, economic freedom, and the Resource Based Theory (RBT) on a macro-level, a correlational study was conducted to determine the relationship between the relevant variables. The information was collected from the Heritage Foundation and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), respectively. The data and scores collected and used in the study are from the years 2015 to 2019. The correlational results demonstrated that nine of the 12 components of the IEF has a positive and significant correlation with HDI within the selected African nations. The strongest correlation being between 'Property Rights' and HDI. Therefore, it is likely that if the property rights within a nation are upheld, said nation would have higher levels of human development. The three components that proved to have an insignificant result with HDI were; 'Tax Burden', 'Government Spending', and 'Fiscal Health'. The results indicate that all components that fall under the category of 'Government Size' share no significant correlational relationship with human development. It is recommended that governments and policy-makers take this into consideration when managing their resources and capabilities to improve the nation's human development. Further research is required to identify the specifics on how this management and allocation of resources can be utilised effectively to improve the human development and economic freedom in Sub-Saharan Africa. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Commerce, Rhodes Business School, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
A self-emulsifying delivery system loaded with efavirenz: The case for flax-seed oil
- Authors: Mazonde, Priveledge
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192944 , vital:45283
- Description: The feasibility of incorporating efavirenz (EFV), an antiretroviral agent against HIV into a lipid-based self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) containing vegetable oils was investigated. EFV has poor aqueous solubility and is classified under the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) as a class II compound with highly permeability, its aqueous solubility is less than 10 mg/ml and is defined as a practically insoluble compound with a consequent poor bioavailability of approximately 40%, and erratic dissolution behaviour. SEDDS formulations have been shown to improve the aqueous solubility and consequently the bioavailability of BCS II compounds such as EFV. EFV is a first line antiviral agent used in combination with other agents in antiretroviral therapy (ART). Among the number of NNRTIs approved for use in HIV treatment, EFV is one of the most commonly prescribed drug. Statistical methods and Design of Experiments (DoE) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), specifically a Central Composite Design (CCD), were used to facilitate the development of a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the quantitation of EFV during formulation product and process development studies. A rapid, accurate, precise and sensitive HPLC method with ultraviolet (UV) detection was developed, optimised and validated for the in-vitro analysis of EFV in a total run time under 10 minutes for the elution of both EFV and loratidine which was used as the internal standard (IS). The method was then successfully applied to the determination of EFV in commercially available tablets. Excipient screening was undertaken using solubility studies and revealed that EFV had highest solubility in flaxseed oil in comparison to soybean, macadamia, grapeseed, sunflower and olive oils. The non-ionic Tween® 80 and Span® 20 were selected as surfactant and co-surfactant, respectively with ethanol co-solvent as they exhibited improved miscibility with co-solvent. Pre-formulation studies were undertaken to investigate the compatibility of the API with excipients and to identify a nano-emulsion region and other emulsion types using pseudoternary phase diagrams. The phase behaviour of crude cold pressed flaxseed oil with the selected non-ionic surfactants revealed an area within pseudo-ternary phase diagrams for different surfactant-mixtures formed gels/semisolid structures which can be exploited for other drug delivery strategies that require such properties. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy were used to identify and assess the compatibility of EFV with chosen excipients. 2 A reduction in the peak intensity was observed for EFV when combined with each hydrophobic/lipid excipient evaluated revealing that there was a marked reduction in the crystallinity of the EFV. A decrease in crystallinity in comparison with the bulk API may indicate that EFV were amorphous or sequestered in a molecular dispersion and exhibited an increased solubility for the molecule. Flaxseed oil was used as the oil phase in studies for the optimization of surfactant mixtures undertaken using DoE, specifically a D-optimal mixtures design with the flaxseed oil content set at 10% m/m was performed. Solutions from the desired optimization function were produced based on desirability and five nanoemulsion formulations were produced and characterized in terms of in vitro release of efavirenz, drug loading capacity, Zeta Potential, droplet sizes and polydispersity index (PDI). Kinetically stable nanoemulsions containing 10% m/m flaxseed oil were successfully manufactured and assessed. Droplet sizes ranged between 156 and 225 nm, Zeta Potential between −24 and −41 mV and all formulations were found to be monodisperse with polydispersity indices ≤ 0.487. SEDDS formulations of EFV in nano-sized carriers were developed and optimised, in vitro drug release varied with varying amounts of ethanol in the formulation producing formulations that exhibited differently modulated drug in-vitro release profiles that may be further manipulated for better performance and therapeutic outcomes in terms of solubility and possibly bioavailability of EFV when delivered using SEDDS rather than using tablets which in turn may lead to better therapeutic outcomes for patients with HIV. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacy, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Mazonde, Priveledge
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192944 , vital:45283
- Description: The feasibility of incorporating efavirenz (EFV), an antiretroviral agent against HIV into a lipid-based self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) containing vegetable oils was investigated. EFV has poor aqueous solubility and is classified under the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) as a class II compound with highly permeability, its aqueous solubility is less than 10 mg/ml and is defined as a practically insoluble compound with a consequent poor bioavailability of approximately 40%, and erratic dissolution behaviour. SEDDS formulations have been shown to improve the aqueous solubility and consequently the bioavailability of BCS II compounds such as EFV. EFV is a first line antiviral agent used in combination with other agents in antiretroviral therapy (ART). Among the number of NNRTIs approved for use in HIV treatment, EFV is one of the most commonly prescribed drug. Statistical methods and Design of Experiments (DoE) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), specifically a Central Composite Design (CCD), were used to facilitate the development of a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the quantitation of EFV during formulation product and process development studies. A rapid, accurate, precise and sensitive HPLC method with ultraviolet (UV) detection was developed, optimised and validated for the in-vitro analysis of EFV in a total run time under 10 minutes for the elution of both EFV and loratidine which was used as the internal standard (IS). The method was then successfully applied to the determination of EFV in commercially available tablets. Excipient screening was undertaken using solubility studies and revealed that EFV had highest solubility in flaxseed oil in comparison to soybean, macadamia, grapeseed, sunflower and olive oils. The non-ionic Tween® 80 and Span® 20 were selected as surfactant and co-surfactant, respectively with ethanol co-solvent as they exhibited improved miscibility with co-solvent. Pre-formulation studies were undertaken to investigate the compatibility of the API with excipients and to identify a nano-emulsion region and other emulsion types using pseudoternary phase diagrams. The phase behaviour of crude cold pressed flaxseed oil with the selected non-ionic surfactants revealed an area within pseudo-ternary phase diagrams for different surfactant-mixtures formed gels/semisolid structures which can be exploited for other drug delivery strategies that require such properties. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy were used to identify and assess the compatibility of EFV with chosen excipients. 2 A reduction in the peak intensity was observed for EFV when combined with each hydrophobic/lipid excipient evaluated revealing that there was a marked reduction in the crystallinity of the EFV. A decrease in crystallinity in comparison with the bulk API may indicate that EFV were amorphous or sequestered in a molecular dispersion and exhibited an increased solubility for the molecule. Flaxseed oil was used as the oil phase in studies for the optimization of surfactant mixtures undertaken using DoE, specifically a D-optimal mixtures design with the flaxseed oil content set at 10% m/m was performed. Solutions from the desired optimization function were produced based on desirability and five nanoemulsion formulations were produced and characterized in terms of in vitro release of efavirenz, drug loading capacity, Zeta Potential, droplet sizes and polydispersity index (PDI). Kinetically stable nanoemulsions containing 10% m/m flaxseed oil were successfully manufactured and assessed. Droplet sizes ranged between 156 and 225 nm, Zeta Potential between −24 and −41 mV and all formulations were found to be monodisperse with polydispersity indices ≤ 0.487. SEDDS formulations of EFV in nano-sized carriers were developed and optimised, in vitro drug release varied with varying amounts of ethanol in the formulation producing formulations that exhibited differently modulated drug in-vitro release profiles that may be further manipulated for better performance and therapeutic outcomes in terms of solubility and possibly bioavailability of EFV when delivered using SEDDS rather than using tablets which in turn may lead to better therapeutic outcomes for patients with HIV. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacy, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
Academic distress and disordered eating in students during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A cross-sectional study at a South African university
- Authors: Du Toit, Maé
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192626 , vital:45244
- Description: Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Humanities, Psychology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Du Toit, Maé
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192626 , vital:45244
- Description: Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Humanities, Psychology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
African wildcats on unprotected land in the Northern Cape, South Africa: potential prey and conflict status
- Authors: Stadler, Cindy
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/191012 , vital:45049
- Description: The African wildcat (Felis lybica cafra) is the most common and widely distributed of all wildcats. The southern Kalahari in South Africa offers favourable conditions for African wildcats and supports high wildcat densities on protected and unprotected land. African wildcats have been reported as livestock predators on South African farms, however wildcat-livestock predation is usually reported as infrequent and to have a low financial impact on the farmer. The aim of this study was, firstly, to determine what natural prey species were available for African wildcats on unprotected land and, secondly, to determine the extent of human-wildcat conflict on unprotected land in the southern Kalahari. The frequency of occurrence of potential African wildcat prey was determined through small mammal trapping, camera trap surveys and direct observations. The results indicated that a variety of the African wildcat’s natural prey species occurred on unprotected land and that the dune and adjacent ‘street' habitats most likely supported the majority of small mammals which are preferred prey for African wildcats. The African wildcat’s human-predator conflict status was determined through interview questionnaires (n = 22) with participants who owned or managed farms in the southern Kalahari. African wildcats were perceived to occur on 100% of farms, to be common in the region, to be the top livestock predator on 68% of farms and to be responsible for 46% (n = 1542 newborn lambs) of all livestock deaths in 2020. African wildcats were, however, not viewed in the same negative light as black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas) and caracals (Caracal caracal), who received more negativity from participants and who had the highest persecution rates in my study area. This result could potentially be explained by a combination of generationally taught hatred towards certain species and due to the perceived livestock loss (e.g. livestock size and species) caused by each predator species. It is important to research and monitor wildcats outside protected areas to obtain a deeper knowledge of wildcat behaviour, abundance, population dynamics and other aspects of their ecology. By doing this, specific conservation and management questions can be addressed and through the knowledge of the natural history of a species, conservation failures can be avoided. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Zoology and Entomology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Stadler, Cindy
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/191012 , vital:45049
- Description: The African wildcat (Felis lybica cafra) is the most common and widely distributed of all wildcats. The southern Kalahari in South Africa offers favourable conditions for African wildcats and supports high wildcat densities on protected and unprotected land. African wildcats have been reported as livestock predators on South African farms, however wildcat-livestock predation is usually reported as infrequent and to have a low financial impact on the farmer. The aim of this study was, firstly, to determine what natural prey species were available for African wildcats on unprotected land and, secondly, to determine the extent of human-wildcat conflict on unprotected land in the southern Kalahari. The frequency of occurrence of potential African wildcat prey was determined through small mammal trapping, camera trap surveys and direct observations. The results indicated that a variety of the African wildcat’s natural prey species occurred on unprotected land and that the dune and adjacent ‘street' habitats most likely supported the majority of small mammals which are preferred prey for African wildcats. The African wildcat’s human-predator conflict status was determined through interview questionnaires (n = 22) with participants who owned or managed farms in the southern Kalahari. African wildcats were perceived to occur on 100% of farms, to be common in the region, to be the top livestock predator on 68% of farms and to be responsible for 46% (n = 1542 newborn lambs) of all livestock deaths in 2020. African wildcats were, however, not viewed in the same negative light as black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas) and caracals (Caracal caracal), who received more negativity from participants and who had the highest persecution rates in my study area. This result could potentially be explained by a combination of generationally taught hatred towards certain species and due to the perceived livestock loss (e.g. livestock size and species) caused by each predator species. It is important to research and monitor wildcats outside protected areas to obtain a deeper knowledge of wildcat behaviour, abundance, population dynamics and other aspects of their ecology. By doing this, specific conservation and management questions can be addressed and through the knowledge of the natural history of a species, conservation failures can be avoided. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Zoology and Entomology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
An analysis of citizen participation in service delivery in Zimbabwe’s small towns: A case study of Chiredzi Town Council
- Authors: Matsilele, Blessing
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/190099 , vital:44963
- Description: Over the years, there have been complaints of poor service delivery in Zimbabwe’s Urban Councils. Newspapers in Zimbabwe have been filled with stories of poor service delivery and citizen grievances. Existing literature on service delivery has focused on the causes of poor service delivery, blaming them solely on the local government authorities. The literature has blamed poor service delivery in Zimbabwe on corruption, polarisation, politicisation, and incapacitation amongst other things. What is not highlighted is the role that citizens play and their responsibility in ensuring that there is proper service delivery. This thesis discusses the ways in which citizens participate in local government service delivery in Chiredzi which is an urban Council in Zimbabwe. To establish citizen participation in Chiredzi, this theory draws upon the social capital theory focusing on its trust, network, and norms aspect. Social capital facilitates an analysis of citizen participation and service delivery in Chiredzi. For this study,a qualitative research methodology was used. This methodology consisted of semi-structured telephone interviews with participants together with relevant documents. It was concluded that there is a need to educate citizens on their roles and responsibilities in local government to improve the state of service delivery. , Thesis (MSocSci) -- Faculty of Humanities, Sociology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Matsilele, Blessing
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/190099 , vital:44963
- Description: Over the years, there have been complaints of poor service delivery in Zimbabwe’s Urban Councils. Newspapers in Zimbabwe have been filled with stories of poor service delivery and citizen grievances. Existing literature on service delivery has focused on the causes of poor service delivery, blaming them solely on the local government authorities. The literature has blamed poor service delivery in Zimbabwe on corruption, polarisation, politicisation, and incapacitation amongst other things. What is not highlighted is the role that citizens play and their responsibility in ensuring that there is proper service delivery. This thesis discusses the ways in which citizens participate in local government service delivery in Chiredzi which is an urban Council in Zimbabwe. To establish citizen participation in Chiredzi, this theory draws upon the social capital theory focusing on its trust, network, and norms aspect. Social capital facilitates an analysis of citizen participation and service delivery in Chiredzi. For this study,a qualitative research methodology was used. This methodology consisted of semi-structured telephone interviews with participants together with relevant documents. It was concluded that there is a need to educate citizens on their roles and responsibilities in local government to improve the state of service delivery. , Thesis (MSocSci) -- Faculty of Humanities, Sociology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
An analysis of selected Grade 8 mathematics teachers’ use of gestures as visualisation tools to support mathematical meaning-making
- Authors: Haipinge, David Tuhafeni
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/191969 , vital:45184
- Description: The purpose of this Namibian case study was to investigate how different types of gestures are used to support the construction of mathematical meaning making in teaching and learning. Gestures of three selected Grade 8 mathematics teachers were observed and analysed. This study was intended to answer the following research question: how do selected Grade 8 mathematics teachers use gestures as visualisation tools to support mathematical meaning making? The study was framed by an enactivist perspective and the research was oriented in the interpretive paradigm. Data were collected through video-recorded observations of three selected teachers and through stimulus recall interviews. In order to generate rich data and support validity, five lessons per selected teacher were video recorded. The study found that the participating teachers incorporated a variety of mathematical gestures into their lessons in order to support and provide mathematical meaning. Further, this study found that gestures facilitated meaning making in mathematics. The findings in the study suggest a need for mathematics teachers to be trained in using gestures appropriately to communicate mathematically in their lessons. In addition, this study discovered a new type of gesture – the overlapping gesture in addition to McNeill's (1992) types, namely: pointing gestures, metaphor gestures, beating gestures and iconic gestures. This case study also showed that the more experienced the teachers are, the more mathematical gestures they produce during their mathematics lessons. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Haipinge, David Tuhafeni
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/191969 , vital:45184
- Description: The purpose of this Namibian case study was to investigate how different types of gestures are used to support the construction of mathematical meaning making in teaching and learning. Gestures of three selected Grade 8 mathematics teachers were observed and analysed. This study was intended to answer the following research question: how do selected Grade 8 mathematics teachers use gestures as visualisation tools to support mathematical meaning making? The study was framed by an enactivist perspective and the research was oriented in the interpretive paradigm. Data were collected through video-recorded observations of three selected teachers and through stimulus recall interviews. In order to generate rich data and support validity, five lessons per selected teacher were video recorded. The study found that the participating teachers incorporated a variety of mathematical gestures into their lessons in order to support and provide mathematical meaning. Further, this study found that gestures facilitated meaning making in mathematics. The findings in the study suggest a need for mathematics teachers to be trained in using gestures appropriately to communicate mathematically in their lessons. In addition, this study discovered a new type of gesture – the overlapping gesture in addition to McNeill's (1992) types, namely: pointing gestures, metaphor gestures, beating gestures and iconic gestures. This case study also showed that the more experienced the teachers are, the more mathematical gestures they produce during their mathematics lessons. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
An analysis of the medicines regulatory environment in sub-Saharan Africa and the African Medicines Regulatory Harmonization Initiative
- Authors: Feka, Cedric Nyahchong
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192408 , vital:45223
- Description: Thesis (MSc (Pharm)) -- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacy, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Feka, Cedric Nyahchong
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192408 , vital:45223
- Description: Thesis (MSc (Pharm)) -- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacy, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
An ergonomics study of orthotics and prosthetics workshops in the Eastern Cape of South Africa
- Authors: Mgibantaka, Aviwe Sihle
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192108 , vital:45196
- Description: The South African healthcare system is under pressure due to inequalities inherited from the Apartheid system of the past, as well as more recent maladministration. These problems are particularly evident in the Eastern Cape province, which is considered the second poorest province in the country. Furthermore, the rehabilitation sector within healthcare is struggling for recognition in both the public and private healthcare sectors. Orthotists and prosthetists (O&Ps) form an important service in the greater rehabilitation sector since they provide an essential service for people living with disabilities, thus enabling them to function independently. Limited literature and anecdotal evidence suggest that O&Ps perform strenuous physical work under sub-optimal environmental conditions. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that the contextual influences of a struggling healthcare system such as lack or resources, poor referral systems, staff shortages and poor working environments may create a lot of challenges for O&Ps that can impact O&P’s health and well-being and work performance. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the systemic challenges and enablers facing orthotists and prosthetists working in the Eastern Cape of South Africa and thus also evaluate the impact on their health and well-being as well as their job performance. Furthermore, this thesis aimed to compare the work system of O&Ps working in the public with that of O&Ps in the private sector. Methods: A quantitative research method was chosen for this study. Data were collected using a descriptive questionnaire-based approach aimed at identifying the socio-technical interactions in the work systems of O&Ps in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. This study was approved by the Rhodes University Ethical Standards Committee. The questionnaire was created in Google forms and the link to the online form was sent to Medical O&Ps and Orthopaedic Footwear Technicians using instant messaging (WhatsApp). Two hard copies were also handed out. Data were analysed using StatSoft Statistica Software (version 13.4.0.14 by TIBCO Software Inc.). Descriptive, parametric, content and correlation analyses were conducted. Significant findings were identified at p<0.05. Results: The study received 43 respondents working in both the public and private health sectors, of which 53.5% were males and 46.5% females. The mean age of the respondents was 34.38 years with a coefficient of variation of 19.45%. Majority of respondents (68.9%) worked in the public sector, with the remainder working in the private sector, or sharing their time between both healthcare sectors. Generally, respondents were satisfied with the organizational structure of their workplaces and their work environments. Work demands were identified by respondents from both sectors as an area of concern as tasks performed by O&Ps entailed physical strength, prolonged standing, awkward postures, and repetitive movements. Furthermore, there were some concerns about lighting and noise being unfavourable in some of the workshops. For all the system components, the standard deviations had a low dispersion of less than 1.0 from the mean. The lowest dispersion was 0.63 and the highest dispersion from the mean was 0.99. The analysis using the general linear models option revealed a significant difference between the scores of the work system components (p=0.03). The subsequent Tukey post-hoc test revealed a significant difference in the mean rating scores between the “Environment” and “Work demands”, with a p-value of 0.03. There was discontentment from respondents working in both sectors with their work productivity as the public health sector respondents were 64.52% content; private sector respondents were 68.89% content, and respondents working in both sectors were only 56.67% content. When comparing the responses between O&Ps working in the different sectors, respondents working both sectors were unhappy with the provision of tools, machines, and materials, with 56.25% of the respondents working in the public health sector being less happy than the 61.11% working in the private health sector and the 63.19% working in both the private and public health sectors. Respondents had concerns regarding health and well-being with 60.60% of respondents working in both the public and private health sectors and experiencing more challenges than the 61.05% in the public and 67.24% in the private health sectors, respectively. Correlation analyses revealed very high positive correlations between the system components and the system outcomes. Conclusion: The biggest issue emerging from this study was work demands as O&Ps work is physically demanding. O&Ps had to do a lot of manual handling, heavy load lifting, endure repetitive and vibration movements, prolonged standing and bending in awkward postures to complete tasks. The results from this study indicate that the private health sector is better equipped in terms of the work environment, machines than the public healthcare sector. The finding from this study can be used to improve the factors that enable O&Ps’ job performance and come up with possible solutions to the challenges O&Ps face in their jobs. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Human Kinetics and Ergonomics, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Mgibantaka, Aviwe Sihle
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192108 , vital:45196
- Description: The South African healthcare system is under pressure due to inequalities inherited from the Apartheid system of the past, as well as more recent maladministration. These problems are particularly evident in the Eastern Cape province, which is considered the second poorest province in the country. Furthermore, the rehabilitation sector within healthcare is struggling for recognition in both the public and private healthcare sectors. Orthotists and prosthetists (O&Ps) form an important service in the greater rehabilitation sector since they provide an essential service for people living with disabilities, thus enabling them to function independently. Limited literature and anecdotal evidence suggest that O&Ps perform strenuous physical work under sub-optimal environmental conditions. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that the contextual influences of a struggling healthcare system such as lack or resources, poor referral systems, staff shortages and poor working environments may create a lot of challenges for O&Ps that can impact O&P’s health and well-being and work performance. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the systemic challenges and enablers facing orthotists and prosthetists working in the Eastern Cape of South Africa and thus also evaluate the impact on their health and well-being as well as their job performance. Furthermore, this thesis aimed to compare the work system of O&Ps working in the public with that of O&Ps in the private sector. Methods: A quantitative research method was chosen for this study. Data were collected using a descriptive questionnaire-based approach aimed at identifying the socio-technical interactions in the work systems of O&Ps in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. This study was approved by the Rhodes University Ethical Standards Committee. The questionnaire was created in Google forms and the link to the online form was sent to Medical O&Ps and Orthopaedic Footwear Technicians using instant messaging (WhatsApp). Two hard copies were also handed out. Data were analysed using StatSoft Statistica Software (version 13.4.0.14 by TIBCO Software Inc.). Descriptive, parametric, content and correlation analyses were conducted. Significant findings were identified at p<0.05. Results: The study received 43 respondents working in both the public and private health sectors, of which 53.5% were males and 46.5% females. The mean age of the respondents was 34.38 years with a coefficient of variation of 19.45%. Majority of respondents (68.9%) worked in the public sector, with the remainder working in the private sector, or sharing their time between both healthcare sectors. Generally, respondents were satisfied with the organizational structure of their workplaces and their work environments. Work demands were identified by respondents from both sectors as an area of concern as tasks performed by O&Ps entailed physical strength, prolonged standing, awkward postures, and repetitive movements. Furthermore, there were some concerns about lighting and noise being unfavourable in some of the workshops. For all the system components, the standard deviations had a low dispersion of less than 1.0 from the mean. The lowest dispersion was 0.63 and the highest dispersion from the mean was 0.99. The analysis using the general linear models option revealed a significant difference between the scores of the work system components (p=0.03). The subsequent Tukey post-hoc test revealed a significant difference in the mean rating scores between the “Environment” and “Work demands”, with a p-value of 0.03. There was discontentment from respondents working in both sectors with their work productivity as the public health sector respondents were 64.52% content; private sector respondents were 68.89% content, and respondents working in both sectors were only 56.67% content. When comparing the responses between O&Ps working in the different sectors, respondents working both sectors were unhappy with the provision of tools, machines, and materials, with 56.25% of the respondents working in the public health sector being less happy than the 61.11% working in the private health sector and the 63.19% working in both the private and public health sectors. Respondents had concerns regarding health and well-being with 60.60% of respondents working in both the public and private health sectors and experiencing more challenges than the 61.05% in the public and 67.24% in the private health sectors, respectively. Correlation analyses revealed very high positive correlations between the system components and the system outcomes. Conclusion: The biggest issue emerging from this study was work demands as O&Ps work is physically demanding. O&Ps had to do a lot of manual handling, heavy load lifting, endure repetitive and vibration movements, prolonged standing and bending in awkward postures to complete tasks. The results from this study indicate that the private health sector is better equipped in terms of the work environment, machines than the public healthcare sector. The finding from this study can be used to improve the factors that enable O&Ps’ job performance and come up with possible solutions to the challenges O&Ps face in their jobs. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Human Kinetics and Ergonomics, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
An ethnographic investigation of the implementation of the bilingual-bicultural approach for educating deaf learners focusing on South African sign language teaching at FET level
- Authors: Tunzelana, Nomava Mercy
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192353 , vital:45218
- Description: This half-thesis reports on an ethnographic investigation of the implementation of the Bilingual-Bicultural Approach for educating Deaf learners, focusing on South African Sign Language (SASL) teaching at the Further Education and Training (FET) level in a South African School for the Deaf in the Eastern Cape. The investigation occurs within the context of the introduction, in 2015, of the SASL Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) by the Department of Basic Education (DBE). The SASL CAPS introduces an approach to teaching the Deaf known as the Bilingual-Bicultural Approach. This is an approach in which natural sign language (such as SASL) is taught first and used to learn a spoken language such as English for reading and writing. Previous research on a contrastive analysis of South African English and SASL reveals that SASL is a Topic-Comment language. It is sometimes Object-Subject-Verb (OSV) or Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) while the word order of South African English is Subject-Verb-Object (SVO). Semi-structured interviews of hearing and Deaf participants reveal serious tensions between the staff and the hearing staff because Deaf culture is not adhered to by some of the hearing staff. These tensions have a negative impact on the culture of learning and teaching at the school. Observations of four lessons at an FET class taught by an SASL FET teacher show that in her teaching, SASL syntax is used in keeping with the principles of the Bilingual-Bicultural Approach. However, her signing is accompanied by unvoiced spoken language due to the influence of a previously used approach called Total Communication (TC). One of the learners, Lulu, who contributes considerably more often than other learners in the lesson, also shows the same influence of TC. Other learners are either withdrawn or copy signs from Lulu. The study concludes with the recommendation that SASL be used for initiating newcomers to school as opposed to Signed English because research in bilingualism suggests that second language learners need one natural language established first before attempting to learn a second language. Teachers are recommended to immerse themselves into Deaf culture to acquire fluency. Comments from some participants suggest that teachers require vigorous training in the Bilingual-Bicultural Approach on a continuous basis. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, Linguistics and Applied Languages Studies, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Tunzelana, Nomava Mercy
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192353 , vital:45218
- Description: This half-thesis reports on an ethnographic investigation of the implementation of the Bilingual-Bicultural Approach for educating Deaf learners, focusing on South African Sign Language (SASL) teaching at the Further Education and Training (FET) level in a South African School for the Deaf in the Eastern Cape. The investigation occurs within the context of the introduction, in 2015, of the SASL Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) by the Department of Basic Education (DBE). The SASL CAPS introduces an approach to teaching the Deaf known as the Bilingual-Bicultural Approach. This is an approach in which natural sign language (such as SASL) is taught first and used to learn a spoken language such as English for reading and writing. Previous research on a contrastive analysis of South African English and SASL reveals that SASL is a Topic-Comment language. It is sometimes Object-Subject-Verb (OSV) or Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) while the word order of South African English is Subject-Verb-Object (SVO). Semi-structured interviews of hearing and Deaf participants reveal serious tensions between the staff and the hearing staff because Deaf culture is not adhered to by some of the hearing staff. These tensions have a negative impact on the culture of learning and teaching at the school. Observations of four lessons at an FET class taught by an SASL FET teacher show that in her teaching, SASL syntax is used in keeping with the principles of the Bilingual-Bicultural Approach. However, her signing is accompanied by unvoiced spoken language due to the influence of a previously used approach called Total Communication (TC). One of the learners, Lulu, who contributes considerably more often than other learners in the lesson, also shows the same influence of TC. Other learners are either withdrawn or copy signs from Lulu. The study concludes with the recommendation that SASL be used for initiating newcomers to school as opposed to Signed English because research in bilingualism suggests that second language learners need one natural language established first before attempting to learn a second language. Teachers are recommended to immerse themselves into Deaf culture to acquire fluency. Comments from some participants suggest that teachers require vigorous training in the Bilingual-Bicultural Approach on a continuous basis. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, Linguistics and Applied Languages Studies, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
An evaluation of the socio-economic costs and benefits of the invasive Rubus (Blackberry/Bramble) genus at selected sites in South Africa
- Authors: Mason, Brett Anthony
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/191931 , vital:45180
- Description: Rubus L. (brambles, blackberries, raspberries, or dewberries) are a globally recognised genus due to the edible fruit and negative impacts they can have as invasive species. There are at least 23 species of Rubus subgenus Rubus in South Africa. These include native, alien, naturalised alien, and invasive alien species. The invasive Rubus species are becoming an increasing problem in South Africa with experts in invasion biology urging caution regarding the genus (Henderson, 2011). The taxonomy of indigenous, alien and alien invasive species of Rubus are poorly understood and therefore efforts to understand the genus, the impacts and solutions to those impacts have been very limited (Stirton, 1981; Henderson, 2011; Sochor et al., 2018a). There has also been little research conducted on the economic or ecological impacts on the species or genus of species in South Africa (du Plessis et al., 1984; Botha, 2005), and yet species in the genus have been earmarked for prioritization by invasive species legislation. The potential value of certain species as well as the cost associated with their impacts could potentially create a complex conflict of interest scenario which has not been investigated. This study is an effort to inform future policy decisions regarding this suite of species by investigating the economic impacts of the invasive Rubus species. A method was developed unique to the study that incorporated research tools from environmental economics and geography to identify the nature of interactions between economic agents, experts, and alien and invasive Rubus species in South Africa. Two questionnaires were developed to generate economic data and ground proofing was used to develop geographic data. One questionnaire was directed specifically at researchers and academics that attended the 46th National Symposium on Biological Invasions that took place between 15–17 May 2019, at Waterval Country Lodge, Tulbagh and the other an economic agent questionnaire for economic agents that met strict and selective criteria relating to the impact of the six invasive Rubus species on their economic activity. Both questionnaires were designed with a mixed methods approach in mind. The ground proofing was aimed at understanding the composition and distribution of Rubus species at the selected sites: Cathcart and Hogsback (The Eastern Cape Province), Clarens (Free State Province), and Underberg (KwaZulu-Natal Province). The study established that all economic impacts of invasive Rubus species at selected sites are externalities. Invasive Rubus species in South Africa can be attributed as (i) harbouring vermin, (ii) impeding human and animal livestock, (iii) reducing crop yields, (iv) encroaching on grazing land, (v) presenting fire hazards, and (vi) negatively impacting fire regimes. These species also (i) provide berries that are retailed on a commercial level, or have been, (ii) that are utilized for personal consumption, (iii) provide an ingredient for alcohol brewing processes, and (iv) could potentially facilitate forest regeneration. The invasive species are infrequently browsed by certain livestock and far as we could ascertain do not provide ingredients for anti-inflammatory drugs or modern cosmetics in South Africa, as they do in other regions of the globe. The costs associated with the invasive species can be presented dichotomously; the estimated private cost-benefit ratio, for costs and benefits incurred or enjoyed by 18 private economic agents, stands at 0.33:1. A private-public benefit-cost ratio, that incorporates both private and public costs and benefits, stands at 13,5:1. The private-public benefit-cost includes public expenditure, or government control measures, directed at invasive Rubus and shifts the benefit-cost ratio so that costs now markedly dominate the estimated benefits. The benefits per hectare uncovered in this study stand at R13.14/ha. The private costs stand at R4.32/ha and a holistic cost, including both private and public expenditure, stands at R177,43/ha. The monetary values, when expressed per hectare, are misleading. This is due to a large standard deviation in the spread of benefits received. The benefits are enjoyed by a small number of the already small sample of respondents. The costs and benefits are not uniformly distributed across regions assessed. All benefits in this study accrue to economic agents in the Free State Province, whilst most of the costs accrued to economic agents in KwaZulu-Natal Province. The benefits appear to be primarily derived from an alien species, Rubus sect. Arguti. Management of the 6 species of invasive Rubus could be optimised by the prioritisation of those regions that incur the highest cost and derive the lowest benefit, in this case KwaZulu-Natal Province. Likewise, those regions with the highest benefits and lowest costs, the Free State Province, could provide sites for increased use and beneficiation of berries from invasive species. Management of individual species may prove difficult, given the similar morphologies, and thus, (i) either specialised training for those engaged in control must be instituted, (ii) all species of alien Rubus should be earmarked for management, or (iii) highly specific biocontrol agents for the most problematic species must be found. , Thesis (MEcon) -- Faculty of Commerce, Economics and Economic History, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Mason, Brett Anthony
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/191931 , vital:45180
- Description: Rubus L. (brambles, blackberries, raspberries, or dewberries) are a globally recognised genus due to the edible fruit and negative impacts they can have as invasive species. There are at least 23 species of Rubus subgenus Rubus in South Africa. These include native, alien, naturalised alien, and invasive alien species. The invasive Rubus species are becoming an increasing problem in South Africa with experts in invasion biology urging caution regarding the genus (Henderson, 2011). The taxonomy of indigenous, alien and alien invasive species of Rubus are poorly understood and therefore efforts to understand the genus, the impacts and solutions to those impacts have been very limited (Stirton, 1981; Henderson, 2011; Sochor et al., 2018a). There has also been little research conducted on the economic or ecological impacts on the species or genus of species in South Africa (du Plessis et al., 1984; Botha, 2005), and yet species in the genus have been earmarked for prioritization by invasive species legislation. The potential value of certain species as well as the cost associated with their impacts could potentially create a complex conflict of interest scenario which has not been investigated. This study is an effort to inform future policy decisions regarding this suite of species by investigating the economic impacts of the invasive Rubus species. A method was developed unique to the study that incorporated research tools from environmental economics and geography to identify the nature of interactions between economic agents, experts, and alien and invasive Rubus species in South Africa. Two questionnaires were developed to generate economic data and ground proofing was used to develop geographic data. One questionnaire was directed specifically at researchers and academics that attended the 46th National Symposium on Biological Invasions that took place between 15–17 May 2019, at Waterval Country Lodge, Tulbagh and the other an economic agent questionnaire for economic agents that met strict and selective criteria relating to the impact of the six invasive Rubus species on their economic activity. Both questionnaires were designed with a mixed methods approach in mind. The ground proofing was aimed at understanding the composition and distribution of Rubus species at the selected sites: Cathcart and Hogsback (The Eastern Cape Province), Clarens (Free State Province), and Underberg (KwaZulu-Natal Province). The study established that all economic impacts of invasive Rubus species at selected sites are externalities. Invasive Rubus species in South Africa can be attributed as (i) harbouring vermin, (ii) impeding human and animal livestock, (iii) reducing crop yields, (iv) encroaching on grazing land, (v) presenting fire hazards, and (vi) negatively impacting fire regimes. These species also (i) provide berries that are retailed on a commercial level, or have been, (ii) that are utilized for personal consumption, (iii) provide an ingredient for alcohol brewing processes, and (iv) could potentially facilitate forest regeneration. The invasive species are infrequently browsed by certain livestock and far as we could ascertain do not provide ingredients for anti-inflammatory drugs or modern cosmetics in South Africa, as they do in other regions of the globe. The costs associated with the invasive species can be presented dichotomously; the estimated private cost-benefit ratio, for costs and benefits incurred or enjoyed by 18 private economic agents, stands at 0.33:1. A private-public benefit-cost ratio, that incorporates both private and public costs and benefits, stands at 13,5:1. The private-public benefit-cost includes public expenditure, or government control measures, directed at invasive Rubus and shifts the benefit-cost ratio so that costs now markedly dominate the estimated benefits. The benefits per hectare uncovered in this study stand at R13.14/ha. The private costs stand at R4.32/ha and a holistic cost, including both private and public expenditure, stands at R177,43/ha. The monetary values, when expressed per hectare, are misleading. This is due to a large standard deviation in the spread of benefits received. The benefits are enjoyed by a small number of the already small sample of respondents. The costs and benefits are not uniformly distributed across regions assessed. All benefits in this study accrue to economic agents in the Free State Province, whilst most of the costs accrued to economic agents in KwaZulu-Natal Province. The benefits appear to be primarily derived from an alien species, Rubus sect. Arguti. Management of the 6 species of invasive Rubus could be optimised by the prioritisation of those regions that incur the highest cost and derive the lowest benefit, in this case KwaZulu-Natal Province. Likewise, those regions with the highest benefits and lowest costs, the Free State Province, could provide sites for increased use and beneficiation of berries from invasive species. Management of individual species may prove difficult, given the similar morphologies, and thus, (i) either specialised training for those engaged in control must be instituted, (ii) all species of alien Rubus should be earmarked for management, or (iii) highly specific biocontrol agents for the most problematic species must be found. , Thesis (MEcon) -- Faculty of Commerce, Economics and Economic History, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
An exploration of how schools and teachers interpret and implement the Language in Education Policy for their classroom practice: a case study
- Authors: Sibanda, Sikhumbuzo
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192035 , vital:45190
- Description: This case study explored how schools and teachers interpret and implement the Language in Education Policy for their classroom practices. Scholars like Alexander and Block (2012) note that the South African Language in Education Policy (LiEP) is one of the advanced policies globally. Other scholars like Perry (2015) and Ngcobo (2015) state that the policy in South Africa has failed when it comes to implementation. It is against this background that the research explored how schools and teachers interpret and implement the Language in Education Policy for their classroom practice in three primary schools in Kuruman, Northern Cape. The research methodology was qualitative and it used a case study approach. The study is informed and framed by the Language Policy framework and the CDA (Critical Discourse Analysis). The research sites were three Grade 4 classes and the participants were three teachers, three principals and three SGB Chairpersons from three different schools (one school in deep rural, another in semi-urban and the third in urban) in Kuruman. This case study, located in the interpretive paradigm, employed individual semi-structured interviews, non-participant classroom observations, document analyses and field notes for data collection. The study revealed that teachers are not versed in LiEP and their classroom practice is therefore not based on policy but on their own perceptions. Classroom practices were incongruent with what the Language in Education Policy requires. Even other documents which support the Language in Education Policy like the school language policies, were not used as guiding documents for classroom practice. Lastly, this study revealed that, despite a plethora of literature on how practice engages and disengages with Language in Education Policy (LiEP), the deconstruction of colonial and apartheid education is still a challenge especially in language use, perceptions of mother tongue instruction and the hegemony of English. One of the recommendations of this study is that teachers must be taught to use Languages of Learning and teaching required in their areas and they should also be given continuous professional development courses on policies so as to improve their practice. Language Policy Units should be set up within the provincial and district Departments of Education that would support the implementation of LiEP. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Sibanda, Sikhumbuzo
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192035 , vital:45190
- Description: This case study explored how schools and teachers interpret and implement the Language in Education Policy for their classroom practices. Scholars like Alexander and Block (2012) note that the South African Language in Education Policy (LiEP) is one of the advanced policies globally. Other scholars like Perry (2015) and Ngcobo (2015) state that the policy in South Africa has failed when it comes to implementation. It is against this background that the research explored how schools and teachers interpret and implement the Language in Education Policy for their classroom practice in three primary schools in Kuruman, Northern Cape. The research methodology was qualitative and it used a case study approach. The study is informed and framed by the Language Policy framework and the CDA (Critical Discourse Analysis). The research sites were three Grade 4 classes and the participants were three teachers, three principals and three SGB Chairpersons from three different schools (one school in deep rural, another in semi-urban and the third in urban) in Kuruman. This case study, located in the interpretive paradigm, employed individual semi-structured interviews, non-participant classroom observations, document analyses and field notes for data collection. The study revealed that teachers are not versed in LiEP and their classroom practice is therefore not based on policy but on their own perceptions. Classroom practices were incongruent with what the Language in Education Policy requires. Even other documents which support the Language in Education Policy like the school language policies, were not used as guiding documents for classroom practice. Lastly, this study revealed that, despite a plethora of literature on how practice engages and disengages with Language in Education Policy (LiEP), the deconstruction of colonial and apartheid education is still a challenge especially in language use, perceptions of mother tongue instruction and the hegemony of English. One of the recommendations of this study is that teachers must be taught to use Languages of Learning and teaching required in their areas and they should also be given continuous professional development courses on policies so as to improve their practice. Language Policy Units should be set up within the provincial and district Departments of Education that would support the implementation of LiEP. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
An exploration of the mathematical learner identities of high school learners who participated in after school mathematics clubs in primary school
- Authors: Hokonya, Wellington Munetsi
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/189985 , vital:44953 , 10.21504/10962/189985
- Description: This study focuses on understanding mathematics learner identities of high school learners who participated in the South African Numeracy Chair Project after school mathematics clubs, an environment that afforded different mathematics identities from the traditional South African classroom. Mathematics learner identities feature prominently in current research on mathematics education because they affect whether and how learners engage in mathematics. They play a critical role in enhancing (or detracting from) learners’ attitudes, dispositions, emotional development, and general sense of self as they learn mathematics. Development of positive learner mathematical identity is therefore useful in making learners commit to their mathematics work. South African primary mathematics education is described as being in a state of crisis, and various programmes are being implemented to develop intervention models to improve quality and ensure the effective teaching and learning of primary mathematics. The South African Numeracy Chair Project initiative at Rhodes University provides for longitudinal research and development programmes with primary mathematics teachers and learners from previously disadvantaged schools, in order to find ways of mitigating the crisis. The after school mathematics clubs provide extra-curricular activities focused on developing a supportive learning community where learners’ active mathematical participation, engagement, enjoyment, and sense making are the focus. The clubs provide a supportive learning environment that is different to the traditional classroom and in which learners can participate actively and freely in mathematical activities. The study explores the nature of mathematics learner identities as learning trajectories that connect the past and future in negotiation of the present. It also seeks to discover how primary school club participation and experiences feature in the learners’ mathematical identities. The study employs two theoretical frameworks to analyse qualitative data that was gathered in the form of spoken and written stories, by 14 learners who participated in the after school mathematics clubs in primary school. The stories covered learners’ engagement in mathematics in different landscapes of practice that promoted the construction of different learner mathematical identities. A close analysis of the qualitative data revealed that learners’ mathematical identities are heavily influenced by the values that were foregrounded in the after school mathematics clubs. The clubs valued hard work and encouraged learners to ask for assistance when in doubt. In line with the club ethos, the learners storied resilience and hard work in their narratives. In addition, although many learners storied Mathematics as difficult in high school, they chose to continue taking the subject. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Hokonya, Wellington Munetsi
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/189985 , vital:44953 , 10.21504/10962/189985
- Description: This study focuses on understanding mathematics learner identities of high school learners who participated in the South African Numeracy Chair Project after school mathematics clubs, an environment that afforded different mathematics identities from the traditional South African classroom. Mathematics learner identities feature prominently in current research on mathematics education because they affect whether and how learners engage in mathematics. They play a critical role in enhancing (or detracting from) learners’ attitudes, dispositions, emotional development, and general sense of self as they learn mathematics. Development of positive learner mathematical identity is therefore useful in making learners commit to their mathematics work. South African primary mathematics education is described as being in a state of crisis, and various programmes are being implemented to develop intervention models to improve quality and ensure the effective teaching and learning of primary mathematics. The South African Numeracy Chair Project initiative at Rhodes University provides for longitudinal research and development programmes with primary mathematics teachers and learners from previously disadvantaged schools, in order to find ways of mitigating the crisis. The after school mathematics clubs provide extra-curricular activities focused on developing a supportive learning community where learners’ active mathematical participation, engagement, enjoyment, and sense making are the focus. The clubs provide a supportive learning environment that is different to the traditional classroom and in which learners can participate actively and freely in mathematical activities. The study explores the nature of mathematics learner identities as learning trajectories that connect the past and future in negotiation of the present. It also seeks to discover how primary school club participation and experiences feature in the learners’ mathematical identities. The study employs two theoretical frameworks to analyse qualitative data that was gathered in the form of spoken and written stories, by 14 learners who participated in the after school mathematics clubs in primary school. The stories covered learners’ engagement in mathematics in different landscapes of practice that promoted the construction of different learner mathematical identities. A close analysis of the qualitative data revealed that learners’ mathematical identities are heavily influenced by the values that were foregrounded in the after school mathematics clubs. The clubs valued hard work and encouraged learners to ask for assistance when in doubt. In line with the club ethos, the learners storied resilience and hard work in their narratives. In addition, although many learners storied Mathematics as difficult in high school, they chose to continue taking the subject. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
An interpretation of the deeming provisions in legislation in the context of a good tax system: a South African perspective
- Authors: Mostert, Tarita
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/190897 , vital:45039 , 10.21504/10962/190897
- Description: The goal of this thesis is to analyse the relationship between deeming provisions in legislation and the principles of a good tax system. The need for a positive relationship between deeming provisions and the principles of a good tax system is demonstrated in the thesis. The research explains the historical development of deeming provisions, legal principles relevant to the interpretation of tax legislation, as well as the principles of a good tax system. Approaches to the interpretation of legislation are then described and illustrated by means of case law. Following this, the research focuses on a selection of provisions in the South African Income Tax Act, 58 of 1962, to determine whether the deeming provisions included in the Act reflect the application of the principles of a good tax system. In addition to the analysis of the selected statutory provisions, related case law is discussed, again in relation to the deeming provisions. A discussion of deeming provisions in two publications of the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) – the OECD Model Tax Convention and the OECD Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty Measures to Prevent Base Erosion and Profit Shifting – follows, with an analysis of two related deeming provisions in the Income Tax Act, to illustrate the international approach to deeming provisions and the principles of a good tax system. Finally, the administration of tax legislation is discussed, together with organisations whose mission is to promote the principles of a good tax system in tax administration. The research is qualitative in nature and follows a legal doctrinal research methodology. This methodology is both reform-oriented and theoretical and focuses on understanding the application of the legal concepts: deeming provisions, legal principles and principles of a good tax system. The research concludes that, from a theoretical perspective, a positive relationship exists between deeming provisions in the Income Tax Act and the OECD Model Tax Convention and the principles of a good tax system, and therefore creates a positive environment for tax compliance. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Commerce, Accounting, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Mostert, Tarita
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/190897 , vital:45039 , 10.21504/10962/190897
- Description: The goal of this thesis is to analyse the relationship between deeming provisions in legislation and the principles of a good tax system. The need for a positive relationship between deeming provisions and the principles of a good tax system is demonstrated in the thesis. The research explains the historical development of deeming provisions, legal principles relevant to the interpretation of tax legislation, as well as the principles of a good tax system. Approaches to the interpretation of legislation are then described and illustrated by means of case law. Following this, the research focuses on a selection of provisions in the South African Income Tax Act, 58 of 1962, to determine whether the deeming provisions included in the Act reflect the application of the principles of a good tax system. In addition to the analysis of the selected statutory provisions, related case law is discussed, again in relation to the deeming provisions. A discussion of deeming provisions in two publications of the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) – the OECD Model Tax Convention and the OECD Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty Measures to Prevent Base Erosion and Profit Shifting – follows, with an analysis of two related deeming provisions in the Income Tax Act, to illustrate the international approach to deeming provisions and the principles of a good tax system. Finally, the administration of tax legislation is discussed, together with organisations whose mission is to promote the principles of a good tax system in tax administration. The research is qualitative in nature and follows a legal doctrinal research methodology. This methodology is both reform-oriented and theoretical and focuses on understanding the application of the legal concepts: deeming provisions, legal principles and principles of a good tax system. The research concludes that, from a theoretical perspective, a positive relationship exists between deeming provisions in the Income Tax Act and the OECD Model Tax Convention and the principles of a good tax system, and therefore creates a positive environment for tax compliance. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Commerce, Accounting, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
An interpretative phenomenological analysis of mothers’ experiences raising an autistic child
- Authors: Hewson, Aimee Jessica
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/190725 , vital:45022
- Description: There has been an increasing research focus on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and the experiences of those affected by autism. Previous research has demonstrated that mothers experience difficulties in all spheres related to their autistic child. Mothers were focused on exclusively in this study as previous research found that it is mostly mothers who take on the primary caring role for their children. As a result, this research aimed to explore the perceptions and experience of six South African mothers raising their ASD child. This research used a qualitative research approach and an interpretative phenomenological analysis methodology. Two semi-structured interviews were held with each participant, with interviews being audio recorded. After analysis, five themes were found, namely: (1) learning their child has a condition or diagnosis, (2) learning and sharing about ASD, (3) the mothering experience, (4) interventions and cost and (5) supportive resources. Careful anonymisation choices were made in this research to ensure the anonymity of participants as best as possible, due to the recruitment through a gatekeeper organisation and snowball sampling. The main findings of this study were that mothers experienced difficulties and challenges as they navigated the medical world in search of a diagnosis for their child. Mothers also reported following their intuition when it came to their children’s care, interventions, and schooling. The passage of time was a significant issue to mothers, as they described several delays and waiting periods. Mothers also described their concerns regarding their children’s future and the fact that their child would be dependent on them and would not be able to form autonomous mature relationships with others. They also reported various thoughts on disclosing their child’s diagnosis to their children. This research, therefore, added to and expanded upon South African literature on the experiences of mothers raising their ASD child. Concurring with previous research, this project found that mothers experience many challenges in the raising of their ASD child. , Thesis (MSocSci) -- Faculty of Humanities, Psychology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Hewson, Aimee Jessica
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/190725 , vital:45022
- Description: There has been an increasing research focus on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and the experiences of those affected by autism. Previous research has demonstrated that mothers experience difficulties in all spheres related to their autistic child. Mothers were focused on exclusively in this study as previous research found that it is mostly mothers who take on the primary caring role for their children. As a result, this research aimed to explore the perceptions and experience of six South African mothers raising their ASD child. This research used a qualitative research approach and an interpretative phenomenological analysis methodology. Two semi-structured interviews were held with each participant, with interviews being audio recorded. After analysis, five themes were found, namely: (1) learning their child has a condition or diagnosis, (2) learning and sharing about ASD, (3) the mothering experience, (4) interventions and cost and (5) supportive resources. Careful anonymisation choices were made in this research to ensure the anonymity of participants as best as possible, due to the recruitment through a gatekeeper organisation and snowball sampling. The main findings of this study were that mothers experienced difficulties and challenges as they navigated the medical world in search of a diagnosis for their child. Mothers also reported following their intuition when it came to their children’s care, interventions, and schooling. The passage of time was a significant issue to mothers, as they described several delays and waiting periods. Mothers also described their concerns regarding their children’s future and the fact that their child would be dependent on them and would not be able to form autonomous mature relationships with others. They also reported various thoughts on disclosing their child’s diagnosis to their children. This research, therefore, added to and expanded upon South African literature on the experiences of mothers raising their ASD child. Concurring with previous research, this project found that mothers experience many challenges in the raising of their ASD child. , Thesis (MSocSci) -- Faculty of Humanities, Psychology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
An investigation into the extent to which grade 12 Mechanical Technology (MT) curriculum practices relate to the Green Economy: A case study of two Eastern Cape technical high schools
- Authors: Mkhaza, Mcebisi W
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/191997 , vital:45186
- Description: South Africa’s transition towards a green economy presents opportunities to create resourceful jobs that promote sustainable living in the long term. The country’s educational sector is mandated to integrate a green economy component in curricula from primary schools to tertiary levels. However, green jobs within such an economy require green skills which are not necessarily being developed effectively through the school curriculum. This interpretive study investigated how curriculum practices in the Grade 12 Mechanical Technology (MT) stream offered by technical high schools prepare learners to participate in green economy opportunities in the Eastern Cape. Guided by Practice Architecture theory, the study analysed curriculum documents relevant to the Grade 12 MT stream. Teachers and past learners were interviewed to investigate the Cultural-Discursive, Material-Economic and Socio-Political arrangements that enable or constrain teachers in their intentions to prepare learners to participate in the green economy. Teachers’ material-economic arrangements constrained teaching and learning within the school premises. Learners did not have exposure to real-life fieldwork or job shadowing. Inflexible and restrictive socio-political arrangements in most subjects of the MT stream also constrained green economy learning opportunities. This hindered diversified learning in some subjects. The research further revealed that there is a need for updated pedagogical practices that are aligned with current educational practices. The research found that teachers had very little understanding of the green economy and broader environmental content in their subjects. Consequently, successful implementation of environmental content could not be achieved. The research highlights the importance of advocating for the inclusion of green economy content in the curriculum practices of subjects in the Mechanical Technology stream. This could begin during teacher in-service training as this could enhance teachers’ limited knowledge of environmental content. For practising teachers, workshops, seminars and possibly conferences are necessary to augment knowledge they have, including their awareness of local green economy opportunities in the Eastern Cape. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Mkhaza, Mcebisi W
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/191997 , vital:45186
- Description: South Africa’s transition towards a green economy presents opportunities to create resourceful jobs that promote sustainable living in the long term. The country’s educational sector is mandated to integrate a green economy component in curricula from primary schools to tertiary levels. However, green jobs within such an economy require green skills which are not necessarily being developed effectively through the school curriculum. This interpretive study investigated how curriculum practices in the Grade 12 Mechanical Technology (MT) stream offered by technical high schools prepare learners to participate in green economy opportunities in the Eastern Cape. Guided by Practice Architecture theory, the study analysed curriculum documents relevant to the Grade 12 MT stream. Teachers and past learners were interviewed to investigate the Cultural-Discursive, Material-Economic and Socio-Political arrangements that enable or constrain teachers in their intentions to prepare learners to participate in the green economy. Teachers’ material-economic arrangements constrained teaching and learning within the school premises. Learners did not have exposure to real-life fieldwork or job shadowing. Inflexible and restrictive socio-political arrangements in most subjects of the MT stream also constrained green economy learning opportunities. This hindered diversified learning in some subjects. The research further revealed that there is a need for updated pedagogical practices that are aligned with current educational practices. The research found that teachers had very little understanding of the green economy and broader environmental content in their subjects. Consequently, successful implementation of environmental content could not be achieved. The research highlights the importance of advocating for the inclusion of green economy content in the curriculum practices of subjects in the Mechanical Technology stream. This could begin during teacher in-service training as this could enhance teachers’ limited knowledge of environmental content. For practising teachers, workshops, seminars and possibly conferences are necessary to augment knowledge they have, including their awareness of local green economy opportunities in the Eastern Cape. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29