The effects of exchange rate volatility on trade flows in BRICS countries
- Authors: Domela, Lehlohonolo
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Foreign exchange rates--Developing countries , Economic development -- BRIC countries
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57632 , vital:58188
- Description: This study investigates the impact of exchange rate volatility on trade flows in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS), for the period 2009:M1 to 2019: M12. The generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) and the exponential-GARCH are used to generate two different measures of exchange rate volatility. To capture the short and long-term symmetric and asymmetric relationships, the linear and nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models were employed. The ARDL bounds test detected the long-run relationships in all estimated models excluding China’s exports model. The linear and nonlinear ARDL coefficients provided mixed results regarding the influence of exchange rate volatility on BRICS’ trade flows. However, from the general perspective, the majority of the estimated coefficients indicate that the exchange rate volatility positively affects both imports and exports in the short and long-run. Moreover, the long-run asymmetric relationships are found in all the models regardless of the volatility measure applied excluding Brazil where no asymmetric effects were identified. The Granger causality test revealed that volatility granger causes imports in most BRICS economies. Accordingly, this study recommends that BRICS economies should adopt effective exchange rate systems that are considerate of other macroeconomic variables found to have a significant impact on trade flows, irrespective of the volatility levels instigated as there is a positive relationship between exchange rate volatility and trade in BRICS nations. Moreover, through further monetary policy interactions, the BRICS cohort can establish a strong currency union to rival the US dollar and euro in the foreign exchange market to hence trade within the bloc and internationally. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Domela, Lehlohonolo
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Foreign exchange rates--Developing countries , Economic development -- BRIC countries
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57632 , vital:58188
- Description: This study investigates the impact of exchange rate volatility on trade flows in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS), for the period 2009:M1 to 2019: M12. The generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) and the exponential-GARCH are used to generate two different measures of exchange rate volatility. To capture the short and long-term symmetric and asymmetric relationships, the linear and nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models were employed. The ARDL bounds test detected the long-run relationships in all estimated models excluding China’s exports model. The linear and nonlinear ARDL coefficients provided mixed results regarding the influence of exchange rate volatility on BRICS’ trade flows. However, from the general perspective, the majority of the estimated coefficients indicate that the exchange rate volatility positively affects both imports and exports in the short and long-run. Moreover, the long-run asymmetric relationships are found in all the models regardless of the volatility measure applied excluding Brazil where no asymmetric effects were identified. The Granger causality test revealed that volatility granger causes imports in most BRICS economies. Accordingly, this study recommends that BRICS economies should adopt effective exchange rate systems that are considerate of other macroeconomic variables found to have a significant impact on trade flows, irrespective of the volatility levels instigated as there is a positive relationship between exchange rate volatility and trade in BRICS nations. Moreover, through further monetary policy interactions, the BRICS cohort can establish a strong currency union to rival the US dollar and euro in the foreign exchange market to hence trade within the bloc and internationally. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The effects of external shocks on economic growth in South Africa
- Authors: Mzayidume, Lonwabo
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Economic development , South Africa -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58024 , vital:58499
- Description: External shocks are defined as unexpected changes in an economic variable which can influence economies either positively or negatively. Examples of such shocks can include oil price and terms of trade shocks. Globalisation has increased the susceptibility of economies worldwide to economic shocks emanating from developed countries, due to the existing trade and financial links between various countries around the world. The objectives of this study are to investigate the effects of external shocks on economic growth in South Africa and to develop policies which could be used to prevent or soften the negative effects of external shocks in South Africa. Since the beginning of democracy in 1994, the South African economy has been opened to the world market. However, there have not been substantial gains in terms of economic growth. A possible explanation for this is that the dynamics of large economies influence the average demand, average supply, economic activities, and price changes in small open economies. South Africa’s dependence on foreign trade and attracting foreign savings to drive domestic investment increases the country’s vulnerability to the effects of external shocks. In this study, the South African economy is proxied by one key measure of economic performance, economic growth rate. The purpose of the study is to advance the understanding of the effects of external shocks on economic growth in South Africa. The study uses the structural VAR model. As South Africa is a relatively small open economy, the structural VAR model is theoretically consistent with countries of similar ilk. This study concludes that South Africa’s economic growth is significantly affected by commodity price index, U.S. GDP, and oil rents. In addition, this study concludes that South Africa is contemporaneously and positively affected by oil rents shocks and terms of trade shocks. Furthermore, it shows that economic growth in South Africa is contemporaneously and negatively affected by capital inflow shocks, nominal vi exchange rate shocks, and CPI shocks. Further SVAR estimates support the finding that capital inflows adversely affect South African economic growth. A possible reason for this outcome is that the number of domestic producers is reduced as a result of domestic producers being negatively affected by the capital inflow shocks. To combat the adverse effects of capital inflows, the study recommends that South Africa enforces more measures to protect domestic producers. The implementation of protectionist policies is one way in which this could be accomplished. These policies would promote domestic producers and ensure the production of domestic goods and services is increased. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mzayidume, Lonwabo
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Economic development , South Africa -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58024 , vital:58499
- Description: External shocks are defined as unexpected changes in an economic variable which can influence economies either positively or negatively. Examples of such shocks can include oil price and terms of trade shocks. Globalisation has increased the susceptibility of economies worldwide to economic shocks emanating from developed countries, due to the existing trade and financial links between various countries around the world. The objectives of this study are to investigate the effects of external shocks on economic growth in South Africa and to develop policies which could be used to prevent or soften the negative effects of external shocks in South Africa. Since the beginning of democracy in 1994, the South African economy has been opened to the world market. However, there have not been substantial gains in terms of economic growth. A possible explanation for this is that the dynamics of large economies influence the average demand, average supply, economic activities, and price changes in small open economies. South Africa’s dependence on foreign trade and attracting foreign savings to drive domestic investment increases the country’s vulnerability to the effects of external shocks. In this study, the South African economy is proxied by one key measure of economic performance, economic growth rate. The purpose of the study is to advance the understanding of the effects of external shocks on economic growth in South Africa. The study uses the structural VAR model. As South Africa is a relatively small open economy, the structural VAR model is theoretically consistent with countries of similar ilk. This study concludes that South Africa’s economic growth is significantly affected by commodity price index, U.S. GDP, and oil rents. In addition, this study concludes that South Africa is contemporaneously and positively affected by oil rents shocks and terms of trade shocks. Furthermore, it shows that economic growth in South Africa is contemporaneously and negatively affected by capital inflow shocks, nominal vi exchange rate shocks, and CPI shocks. Further SVAR estimates support the finding that capital inflows adversely affect South African economic growth. A possible reason for this outcome is that the number of domestic producers is reduced as a result of domestic producers being negatively affected by the capital inflow shocks. To combat the adverse effects of capital inflows, the study recommends that South Africa enforces more measures to protect domestic producers. The implementation of protectionist policies is one way in which this could be accomplished. These policies would promote domestic producers and ensure the production of domestic goods and services is increased. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The effects of implementing organizational change management in Mega-Construction projects: a case study of Medupi Power Station
- Authors: Diko, Nombulelo
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Construction projects , Power station , Power-plants
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58340 , vital:58996
- Description: The construction industry is impacted by megatrends in four domains: markets and customers, sustainability and resilience, society and workforce, and politics and regulation. The industry needs to identify and implement optimal responses to these megatrends – concerning both the opportunities they offer and the challenges they pose. Due to today's ever-changing business environment, organizational change and changes in structure are becoming more prevalent. For Construction Organizations to remain competitive they need to conduct market research regularly to assess changes that need to be adopted, whether from internal or external forces. South Africa’s construction industry is currently experiencing many changes due to advancements in technology and improved means of project execution which improve organizations' productivity and profit margins. This research study analyzed the effects of change management on organizations in the construction industry. It identified and assessed factors influencing change management, challenges faced during the implementation of changes and solutions, and recommendations to overcome the challenges. A qualitative research methodology was adopted for this research study. The rationale for adopting this was that qualitative research provided the researcher with a deeper insight into the effects of change management in the construction industry. The main factors identified which affect change management are finance and the style of management. It was reported from the research findings that a lack of staff training on the change initiatives also negatively affected the implementation of change processes. Concerning the value of change implementation, most respondents confirmed that efficient and effective change would lead to growth and increased profit margins. This research also found that clear vision and effective engagement systems are vital in ensuring that effective change implementation is achieved. Also, the business change management plan must be communicated and shared with relevant stakeholders for them to align with the main objectives and deliverables. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Diko, Nombulelo
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Construction projects , Power station , Power-plants
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58340 , vital:58996
- Description: The construction industry is impacted by megatrends in four domains: markets and customers, sustainability and resilience, society and workforce, and politics and regulation. The industry needs to identify and implement optimal responses to these megatrends – concerning both the opportunities they offer and the challenges they pose. Due to today's ever-changing business environment, organizational change and changes in structure are becoming more prevalent. For Construction Organizations to remain competitive they need to conduct market research regularly to assess changes that need to be adopted, whether from internal or external forces. South Africa’s construction industry is currently experiencing many changes due to advancements in technology and improved means of project execution which improve organizations' productivity and profit margins. This research study analyzed the effects of change management on organizations in the construction industry. It identified and assessed factors influencing change management, challenges faced during the implementation of changes and solutions, and recommendations to overcome the challenges. A qualitative research methodology was adopted for this research study. The rationale for adopting this was that qualitative research provided the researcher with a deeper insight into the effects of change management in the construction industry. The main factors identified which affect change management are finance and the style of management. It was reported from the research findings that a lack of staff training on the change initiatives also negatively affected the implementation of change processes. Concerning the value of change implementation, most respondents confirmed that efficient and effective change would lead to growth and increased profit margins. This research also found that clear vision and effective engagement systems are vital in ensuring that effective change implementation is achieved. Also, the business change management plan must be communicated and shared with relevant stakeholders for them to align with the main objectives and deliverables. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The effects of sovereign credit rating on the banking sector in South Africa
- Authors: Makhetha-Kosi, Palesa
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Prime rate , South Africa -- Banking institutions , Credit ratings
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57809 , vital:58267
- Description: The study investigated the effect of sovereign credit rating on the banking sector in South Africa. Four different models with different measures of the banking sector were used to investigate this effect. In the first model Tobit model was used to analyse the effect of sovereign credit rating on bank ratings in South Africa. The study found that sovereign credit ratings have a significant positive effect on bank credit ratings. Using GMM with a sample of 11 banks, with bank lending as the measure for the banking sector, the study found that sovereign credit ratings (SCR) have a positive and significant effect on bank lending by commercial banks in South Africa. The study also used net interest margin, a measure for bank profitability as a third proxy for the banking sector and found that sovereign credit ratings have a significant positive effect on bank profitability. Furthermore, the study used bank stability measured by Z-Score to assess the effect of sovereign credit rating on the banking sector in South Africa. Taking a different approach and using ARDL, the study found that SCR has a positive long-run relationship with Z-Score. Based on the findings in all four models, the study concluded that the sovereign credit rating has a positive and significant effect on the banking sector in South Africa. This means that the sovereign credit ratings upgrade will lead to an improvement in the banking sector. A sovereign credit rating downgrade will be detrimental to the banking sector in South Africa. The study has shown that there are interlinkages between the public and the private sector; therefore, government must come up with strategic policies to ensure stability and reduction of government debt. Policymakers of the banking sector should also strengthen policies that will ensure banks remain profitable and stable even during a sovereign crisis. An effective and efficient asset management is important for the survival of South African commercial banks. The study recommends that both the private and public sector should work in cooperation when formulating policies so that the impact of the regulatory measure on commercial banks is taken into consideration. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Makhetha-Kosi, Palesa
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Prime rate , South Africa -- Banking institutions , Credit ratings
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57809 , vital:58267
- Description: The study investigated the effect of sovereign credit rating on the banking sector in South Africa. Four different models with different measures of the banking sector were used to investigate this effect. In the first model Tobit model was used to analyse the effect of sovereign credit rating on bank ratings in South Africa. The study found that sovereign credit ratings have a significant positive effect on bank credit ratings. Using GMM with a sample of 11 banks, with bank lending as the measure for the banking sector, the study found that sovereign credit ratings (SCR) have a positive and significant effect on bank lending by commercial banks in South Africa. The study also used net interest margin, a measure for bank profitability as a third proxy for the banking sector and found that sovereign credit ratings have a significant positive effect on bank profitability. Furthermore, the study used bank stability measured by Z-Score to assess the effect of sovereign credit rating on the banking sector in South Africa. Taking a different approach and using ARDL, the study found that SCR has a positive long-run relationship with Z-Score. Based on the findings in all four models, the study concluded that the sovereign credit rating has a positive and significant effect on the banking sector in South Africa. This means that the sovereign credit ratings upgrade will lead to an improvement in the banking sector. A sovereign credit rating downgrade will be detrimental to the banking sector in South Africa. The study has shown that there are interlinkages between the public and the private sector; therefore, government must come up with strategic policies to ensure stability and reduction of government debt. Policymakers of the banking sector should also strengthen policies that will ensure banks remain profitable and stable even during a sovereign crisis. An effective and efficient asset management is important for the survival of South African commercial banks. The study recommends that both the private and public sector should work in cooperation when formulating policies so that the impact of the regulatory measure on commercial banks is taken into consideration. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The finance linked individual subsidy programme: A housing policy assessment
- Authors: Machelesi, Yandiswa Shirley
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Housing subsidies , Housing development
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58286 , vital:58924
- Description: Since 1994, the democratic government has put various legislative measures in place to address the spatial legacies of apartheid and manifest the right to access adequate housing, which was denied to many South Africans. Twenty-seven years post-democracy, South Africa is still faced with glaring spatial inequalities, with many South Africans condemned to squalid and inadequate residential conditions. The need for housing continued outweigh what government can supply, thus making the right to access adequate housing an impossible dream for many. Some of the factors that have contributed to increased housing demand are urbanisation, migration and population growth. While democracy has introduced economic opportunities that have improved the lives of many South Africans who were once side-lined and discriminated against, South Africa remains racially polarised, with a widening gap between rich and poor. An increasing majority of South Africa falls in a low-middle income category, which is sometimes considered the middle class. In the context of housing, the middle class is characterised by people who are too rich to qualify for free government subsidised housing yet too poor to access housing finance from mainstream mortgage lenders , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Machelesi, Yandiswa Shirley
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Housing subsidies , Housing development
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58286 , vital:58924
- Description: Since 1994, the democratic government has put various legislative measures in place to address the spatial legacies of apartheid and manifest the right to access adequate housing, which was denied to many South Africans. Twenty-seven years post-democracy, South Africa is still faced with glaring spatial inequalities, with many South Africans condemned to squalid and inadequate residential conditions. The need for housing continued outweigh what government can supply, thus making the right to access adequate housing an impossible dream for many. Some of the factors that have contributed to increased housing demand are urbanisation, migration and population growth. While democracy has introduced economic opportunities that have improved the lives of many South Africans who were once side-lined and discriminated against, South Africa remains racially polarised, with a widening gap between rich and poor. An increasing majority of South Africa falls in a low-middle income category, which is sometimes considered the middle class. In the context of housing, the middle class is characterised by people who are too rich to qualify for free government subsidised housing yet too poor to access housing finance from mainstream mortgage lenders , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The foraging ecology of female Cape fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) in South Africa
- Botha, Jonathan Aubrey, Kirkman, Stephen, Lombard, Amanda
- Authors: Botha, Jonathan Aubrey , Kirkman, Stephen , Lombard, Amanda
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Seals (Animals)--Habitat—Conservation , Marine ecology—South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55965 , vital:54559
- Description: The marine environment is spatially and temporally dynamic and many marine ecosystems are experiencing impacts of broad-scale climate change. Within these ecosystems, marine predators play a crucial role in ecosystem function through their top-down influences on prey populations. These predators may also respond to bottom-up influences and changes at lower trophic levels. A thorough understanding of marine predator foraging ecology is thus important to improve our understanding of ecosystem function, inform conservation and management measures, and to predict the response of predators to future environmental change. The Cape fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) comprises a major proportion of the southern African marine predator biomass. However, little is known about the foraging distribution and behaviour of the species, despite its obvious importance within the ecosystem and increasing concerns regarding seal-fisheries conflict. Using a variety of technologies, including, GPS and satellite-linked tags, dive behaviour recorders, accelerometers and stable isotope analysis, this thesis investigated the foraging ecology of female Cape fur seals breeding on the coast of South Africa. First, to identify important foraging areas and assess the influence of geographic, temporal and environmental factors on these areas, lactating females from three breeding colonies were fitted with GPS or Argos-linked tracking devices, while individuals from two of these colonies were also fitted with dive behaviour recorders. Results revealed geographic differences in the foraging distributions and ranges of individuals between breeding colonies, which likely reflects a combined influence of ecological setting and density dependant competition. In addition, dive behaviour recorders revealed the occurrence of benthic foraging at both sites where they were deployed, and the dominance of this strategy in some individuals. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Botha, Jonathan Aubrey , Kirkman, Stephen , Lombard, Amanda
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Seals (Animals)--Habitat—Conservation , Marine ecology—South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55965 , vital:54559
- Description: The marine environment is spatially and temporally dynamic and many marine ecosystems are experiencing impacts of broad-scale climate change. Within these ecosystems, marine predators play a crucial role in ecosystem function through their top-down influences on prey populations. These predators may also respond to bottom-up influences and changes at lower trophic levels. A thorough understanding of marine predator foraging ecology is thus important to improve our understanding of ecosystem function, inform conservation and management measures, and to predict the response of predators to future environmental change. The Cape fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) comprises a major proportion of the southern African marine predator biomass. However, little is known about the foraging distribution and behaviour of the species, despite its obvious importance within the ecosystem and increasing concerns regarding seal-fisheries conflict. Using a variety of technologies, including, GPS and satellite-linked tags, dive behaviour recorders, accelerometers and stable isotope analysis, this thesis investigated the foraging ecology of female Cape fur seals breeding on the coast of South Africa. First, to identify important foraging areas and assess the influence of geographic, temporal and environmental factors on these areas, lactating females from three breeding colonies were fitted with GPS or Argos-linked tracking devices, while individuals from two of these colonies were also fitted with dive behaviour recorders. Results revealed geographic differences in the foraging distributions and ranges of individuals between breeding colonies, which likely reflects a combined influence of ecological setting and density dependant competition. In addition, dive behaviour recorders revealed the occurrence of benthic foraging at both sites where they were deployed, and the dominance of this strategy in some individuals. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The future of the property valuation profession in South Africa towards 2040
- Mthuli, Malusi Phola Lusanda
- Authors: Mthuli, Malusi Phola Lusanda
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Real property -- Valuation , Real estate development , Property -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57980 , vital:58456
- Description: Valuers within the property valuation profession are ageing while the scope and demand for their work is increasing. The main objective of this study was to explore current challenges and forecast the probable futures of the property valuation profession in South Africa towards 2040. In so doing, it sought to address the deficiency in research regarding the property valuation profession in the country. The study employed a futures methodology framework, namely the Future Studies Approach, as its core research tool that incorporates The Futures Triangle. The Causal Layered Analysis was applied as a secondary approach to guide the theoretical framework. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a conveniently selected sample of seven qualified professional valuers. The results are diagnostic of the current challenges within the profession and contribute to the development of a set of ‘preferred futures’. The professional valuers were expected to identify a preferred path from the current reality as a departure point. The findings suggested that there were structural and systematic issues, as well as inherent organisational issues confronting the professionals and the profession. Valuers were hopeful about the future of the profession and considered their knowledge and expertise as invaluable in the country. The main challenges identified are linked to the lack of professional legitimacy and authority, stagnant diversity, poor finances, uncoordinated education and the lack of mentorship and accreditation of valuers. Contrary to expectations, the findings showed some optimism in the sustainability of the profession despite varying views by the participants. The deduced possible futures weighed in favour of a marked shortage of experienced professionals due to the lack of interest by younger professionals and a constrained transfer of skills. Probable futures are largely characterised by gloom that is linked to the attrition of skills and loss of prestige, and which will threaten the economic viability of the profession. Preferred futures entail a diverse demographic composition and sound skills base within professional ranks. The study recommends actions to be taken in order to create alternative futures in the present, as an antidote to the gloomy future of the valuation profession in South Africa towards 2040. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mthuli, Malusi Phola Lusanda
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Real property -- Valuation , Real estate development , Property -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57980 , vital:58456
- Description: Valuers within the property valuation profession are ageing while the scope and demand for their work is increasing. The main objective of this study was to explore current challenges and forecast the probable futures of the property valuation profession in South Africa towards 2040. In so doing, it sought to address the deficiency in research regarding the property valuation profession in the country. The study employed a futures methodology framework, namely the Future Studies Approach, as its core research tool that incorporates The Futures Triangle. The Causal Layered Analysis was applied as a secondary approach to guide the theoretical framework. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a conveniently selected sample of seven qualified professional valuers. The results are diagnostic of the current challenges within the profession and contribute to the development of a set of ‘preferred futures’. The professional valuers were expected to identify a preferred path from the current reality as a departure point. The findings suggested that there were structural and systematic issues, as well as inherent organisational issues confronting the professionals and the profession. Valuers were hopeful about the future of the profession and considered their knowledge and expertise as invaluable in the country. The main challenges identified are linked to the lack of professional legitimacy and authority, stagnant diversity, poor finances, uncoordinated education and the lack of mentorship and accreditation of valuers. Contrary to expectations, the findings showed some optimism in the sustainability of the profession despite varying views by the participants. The deduced possible futures weighed in favour of a marked shortage of experienced professionals due to the lack of interest by younger professionals and a constrained transfer of skills. Probable futures are largely characterised by gloom that is linked to the attrition of skills and loss of prestige, and which will threaten the economic viability of the profession. Preferred futures entail a diverse demographic composition and sound skills base within professional ranks. The study recommends actions to be taken in order to create alternative futures in the present, as an antidote to the gloomy future of the valuation profession in South Africa towards 2040. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The impact of financial literacy on financial performance of SMEs in the Nelson Mandela Bay
- Authors: Malgas, Sergio Duncan
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: small and medium-zised enterprises , Financial literacy -- Nelson Mandela Bay
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58276 , vital:58888
- Description: In extant literature small and medium-zised enterprises (SMEs) are widely recognized for their contribution to economic development which has led to them being described as the backbone of national economies across the world. Although these are several potential benefits of a healthy SMEs sector, stimulating economic growth through job creation, increased market competition and innovation are among the more the commonly reported benefits. Despite this, SMEs owner-managers, particularly those operating in the South African Market, are faced with several obstacles that impede their success, thus contributing to the high and persistent failure rates among SMEs. When considering that SMEs are often comprised of the owner-manager as the principal decisionmaker, their ability to make decisions are crucial to the sustainability and long term success of their businesses. Against this background, the primary objective of this study is to determine the influence of the owner-managers on the financial performance of SMEs operating in the Nelson Mandela Bay. The failure of SMEs are often attributed to the prevalence of financial literacy among owner-managers. While broadly cited in extant literature, few studies have focused on financial literacy from the perspective of small business. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Malgas, Sergio Duncan
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: small and medium-zised enterprises , Financial literacy -- Nelson Mandela Bay
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58276 , vital:58888
- Description: In extant literature small and medium-zised enterprises (SMEs) are widely recognized for their contribution to economic development which has led to them being described as the backbone of national economies across the world. Although these are several potential benefits of a healthy SMEs sector, stimulating economic growth through job creation, increased market competition and innovation are among the more the commonly reported benefits. Despite this, SMEs owner-managers, particularly those operating in the South African Market, are faced with several obstacles that impede their success, thus contributing to the high and persistent failure rates among SMEs. When considering that SMEs are often comprised of the owner-manager as the principal decisionmaker, their ability to make decisions are crucial to the sustainability and long term success of their businesses. Against this background, the primary objective of this study is to determine the influence of the owner-managers on the financial performance of SMEs operating in the Nelson Mandela Bay. The failure of SMEs are often attributed to the prevalence of financial literacy among owner-managers. While broadly cited in extant literature, few studies have focused on financial literacy from the perspective of small business. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The Impact of Institutional Quality on the Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy in Stimulating Economic Growth: Evidence from sub-Saharan Africa
- Authors: Moyo, Cecily
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Fiscal policy , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Economic development
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57947 , vital:58433
- Description: Over the last few decades since the independence of most African countries, which coincided with that of Asia, the economic growth between the two continents has not been the same. As an example, in the year 1965, exports and incomes per capita were much higher in Ghana compared to Korea and it was anticipated that this trend would continue into the future. But these projections were shown to be way off the mark as Koreas’ exports per capita overtook Ghana’s in 1972, and its income level surpassed Ghana’s four years later. Between 1965 and 1995 Korea’s exports increased by 400 times in current dollars. Meanwhile, Ghana’s increased only by 4 times, and real earnings per capita fell to a fraction of their earlier value (World Bank, 2000). This raises questions regarding the tools available for use in the pursuit of economic growth. This study then attempts to examine the role of institutional quality in moderating the impacts of fiscal policy on economic growth in sub-Saharan African economies. Objectives of the study firstly included the investigation of the effect of fiscal policy on economic growth, it then explored the effect of institutional quality on economic growth which was then followed by the analysis of whether the impact of fiscal policy on economic growth is dependent on institutional quality. This dissertation employs the Generalised Method of Moments to analyse the effect of fiscal policy on economic growth given institutional quality for sub-Saharan African countries for the period from 1996 to 2018. The findings show that the conduct of fiscal policy under improved institutional quality positively and significantly improve sub-Saharan African countries output. SSA countries should strengthen independent institutional bodies that prosecute economic crimes through employing participatory and transparent decision-making processes. Citizens should have freedom of association, expression and a free media. Also, African countries should support African agendas that are aligning with global development agenda. Sub-Saharan African countries should strengthen institutions that widen democratic space, civil liberty and the participation of citizen in the development agenda of a country. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Moyo, Cecily
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Fiscal policy , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Economic development
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57947 , vital:58433
- Description: Over the last few decades since the independence of most African countries, which coincided with that of Asia, the economic growth between the two continents has not been the same. As an example, in the year 1965, exports and incomes per capita were much higher in Ghana compared to Korea and it was anticipated that this trend would continue into the future. But these projections were shown to be way off the mark as Koreas’ exports per capita overtook Ghana’s in 1972, and its income level surpassed Ghana’s four years later. Between 1965 and 1995 Korea’s exports increased by 400 times in current dollars. Meanwhile, Ghana’s increased only by 4 times, and real earnings per capita fell to a fraction of their earlier value (World Bank, 2000). This raises questions regarding the tools available for use in the pursuit of economic growth. This study then attempts to examine the role of institutional quality in moderating the impacts of fiscal policy on economic growth in sub-Saharan African economies. Objectives of the study firstly included the investigation of the effect of fiscal policy on economic growth, it then explored the effect of institutional quality on economic growth which was then followed by the analysis of whether the impact of fiscal policy on economic growth is dependent on institutional quality. This dissertation employs the Generalised Method of Moments to analyse the effect of fiscal policy on economic growth given institutional quality for sub-Saharan African countries for the period from 1996 to 2018. The findings show that the conduct of fiscal policy under improved institutional quality positively and significantly improve sub-Saharan African countries output. SSA countries should strengthen independent institutional bodies that prosecute economic crimes through employing participatory and transparent decision-making processes. Citizens should have freedom of association, expression and a free media. Also, African countries should support African agendas that are aligning with global development agenda. Sub-Saharan African countries should strengthen institutions that widen democratic space, civil liberty and the participation of citizen in the development agenda of a country. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The Impact of socio-Economic and institutional factors on the Livelihoods of artisanal fisherfolk of Korsten, Gqeberha.
- Authors: Forbes-Liberty,Abigail
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Fishing--Social aspects -- South Africa , Korsten-- Gqeberha
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55584 , vital:53334
- Description: his dissertation focuses on a relatively underrepresented group of the fishing industry: subsistence fisherfolk. By using a Sustainable Livelihoods Approach (SLA) and Community Capitals Framework (CCF) as a theoretical framework and interpretive lens, the purpose of this qualitative study is to explore the impact of socio-economic and institutional factors on the livelihoods of artisanal fisherfolk of Korsten, Gqeberha (formerly known as Port Elizabeth). By highlighting the socio-spatial implications of the forced removals of the past, this dissertation shows that legislative reforms should consider the population that they affect. Food security is a major issue on a global scale and South Africa is not impervious to food security concerns. This dissertation focuses on the negative impact that socio-economic climate and legislation has had on subsistence fisherfolk. Hunger and poverty eradication is one of the key goals of sustainable development. In this case, subsistence fishers faced legislative reforms at two distinct points in its tumultuous past, both of which had a detrimental impact on this sector of society's ability to support a healthy livelihood. This research fills a theoretical and practical gap in research regarding the current livelihoods, policies, and laws, as well as provides a deeper understanding of the socio-economic context of the subsistence fishing community of Korsten, Gqeberha. The SLA and CCF helps readers understand how subsistence fishers contribute to local livelihoods and integrate into the greater processes of the community. Further, exploration of the institutional policies limiting subsistence fishers helps understand decision making processes and laws in artisanal fisheries and the implications thereof. A snowball sampling method was used to recruit and enrol participants for this study. The sample size consisted of fourteen (14) participants consisting of eight (8) subsistence fishers and six (6) relatives of subsistence fisherfolk. Narrative analysis is a qualitative method that was conducted in this study. Participant observation and semi-structured interviews were conducted as the methods of data collection and analysed in ATLAS.ti 9 Qualitative Analysis Software. Most participants indicated that fishing plays an integral part of their lives. It contributes to and still ensures the food security in the families of Korsten. In addition, participants highlighted the constant legislative and socio-economic barriers as well as the social and personal benefits of fishing in the community. A key recommendation is made for policy-makers to be cognizant of subsistence fishers and to include this underrepresented group in decision making processes. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Geosciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Forbes-Liberty,Abigail
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Fishing--Social aspects -- South Africa , Korsten-- Gqeberha
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55584 , vital:53334
- Description: his dissertation focuses on a relatively underrepresented group of the fishing industry: subsistence fisherfolk. By using a Sustainable Livelihoods Approach (SLA) and Community Capitals Framework (CCF) as a theoretical framework and interpretive lens, the purpose of this qualitative study is to explore the impact of socio-economic and institutional factors on the livelihoods of artisanal fisherfolk of Korsten, Gqeberha (formerly known as Port Elizabeth). By highlighting the socio-spatial implications of the forced removals of the past, this dissertation shows that legislative reforms should consider the population that they affect. Food security is a major issue on a global scale and South Africa is not impervious to food security concerns. This dissertation focuses on the negative impact that socio-economic climate and legislation has had on subsistence fisherfolk. Hunger and poverty eradication is one of the key goals of sustainable development. In this case, subsistence fishers faced legislative reforms at two distinct points in its tumultuous past, both of which had a detrimental impact on this sector of society's ability to support a healthy livelihood. This research fills a theoretical and practical gap in research regarding the current livelihoods, policies, and laws, as well as provides a deeper understanding of the socio-economic context of the subsistence fishing community of Korsten, Gqeberha. The SLA and CCF helps readers understand how subsistence fishers contribute to local livelihoods and integrate into the greater processes of the community. Further, exploration of the institutional policies limiting subsistence fishers helps understand decision making processes and laws in artisanal fisheries and the implications thereof. A snowball sampling method was used to recruit and enrol participants for this study. The sample size consisted of fourteen (14) participants consisting of eight (8) subsistence fishers and six (6) relatives of subsistence fisherfolk. Narrative analysis is a qualitative method that was conducted in this study. Participant observation and semi-structured interviews were conducted as the methods of data collection and analysed in ATLAS.ti 9 Qualitative Analysis Software. Most participants indicated that fishing plays an integral part of their lives. It contributes to and still ensures the food security in the families of Korsten. In addition, participants highlighted the constant legislative and socio-economic barriers as well as the social and personal benefits of fishing in the community. A key recommendation is made for policy-makers to be cognizant of subsistence fishers and to include this underrepresented group in decision making processes. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Geosciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The implementation of performance monitoring and evaluation systems in a municipal service delivery directorate: a case of NMBM
- Authors: Ngcelwana, Mnikelo Jackson
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Municipal government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Municipal services -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58058 , vital:58522
- Description: This research treatise is investigating whether the implementation of proper performance, monitoring and evaluation systems for projects that are linked to service delivery directorate, such as Infrastructure and Engineering (I&E) in a municipality, will quell or address the service delivery issues by communities that befell the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (NMBM). The key question to be responded to in this research treatise is: “Will the proper implementation of performance, monitoring and evaluation systems targeted at the service delivery directorate, relating to service delivery projects, improve performance or address service delivery issues?” This research treatise also recommends approaches or strategies for implementing performance, monitoring, and evaluation systems in a service delivery directorate of a municipality and suggesting the enablers for doing so, understanding fully well the environment within which local government institutions operate in South Africa. When the beneficial and affordable services that are expected to be received by communities are not forthcoming from the municipality, service delivery protests become the order of the day – these could include, for example, burning tyres or targeting the assets of the municipality and blocking accesses to municipal buildings or premises by service providers and or communities. In certain cases, these occurrences could have been avoided if there had been transparency on the side of local government, where communication and participation is encouraged as required in terms of Chapter 4 of the Local Government: Municipal Systems Act (MSA) (32 of 2000). It is hoped that through this research treatise, possible factors affecting the implementation of the proper Performance, Monitoring and Evaluation Systems maybe identified and addressed to enhance service delivery. It will then be for both political and administrative leadership to consider the recommended approaches for implementation. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Ngcelwana, Mnikelo Jackson
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Municipal government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Municipal services -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58058 , vital:58522
- Description: This research treatise is investigating whether the implementation of proper performance, monitoring and evaluation systems for projects that are linked to service delivery directorate, such as Infrastructure and Engineering (I&E) in a municipality, will quell or address the service delivery issues by communities that befell the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (NMBM). The key question to be responded to in this research treatise is: “Will the proper implementation of performance, monitoring and evaluation systems targeted at the service delivery directorate, relating to service delivery projects, improve performance or address service delivery issues?” This research treatise also recommends approaches or strategies for implementing performance, monitoring, and evaluation systems in a service delivery directorate of a municipality and suggesting the enablers for doing so, understanding fully well the environment within which local government institutions operate in South Africa. When the beneficial and affordable services that are expected to be received by communities are not forthcoming from the municipality, service delivery protests become the order of the day – these could include, for example, burning tyres or targeting the assets of the municipality and blocking accesses to municipal buildings or premises by service providers and or communities. In certain cases, these occurrences could have been avoided if there had been transparency on the side of local government, where communication and participation is encouraged as required in terms of Chapter 4 of the Local Government: Municipal Systems Act (MSA) (32 of 2000). It is hoped that through this research treatise, possible factors affecting the implementation of the proper Performance, Monitoring and Evaluation Systems maybe identified and addressed to enhance service delivery. It will then be for both political and administrative leadership to consider the recommended approaches for implementation. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The influence of customer value On behavioural intention in the LGBT tourism sector
- Authors: Madinga, Nkosivile Welcome
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: LGBT community centers , Customer services
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57737 , vital:58228
- Description: The potential economic implications of the LGBT tourism sector have received the attention of scholars, marketing practitioners and tourism destinations, highlighting the LGBT community as a lucrative sector, while also signifying their distinctive needs of the LGBT community. LGBT tourists spent approximately $218 billion on travel in 2018 and they account for approximately 6% of the global tourism market. The LGBT tourism sector is fast growing in South Africa, and it was predicted that by 2030, South Africa will attract approximately 21 million tourists. Within South Africa, Cape Town, Durban and Johannesburg have earned a reputation as LGBT friendly destinations, with LGBT tourists expected to contribute approximately R1.8 billion to the Cape Town economy annually. Furthermore, between 10% and 12% of tourists in Cape Town identified themselves as members of the LGBT community. As a result, South Africa – and notably Cape Town – has been named one of the world’s top destinations for LGBT travellers. A well-known characteristic of the LGBT community is that it is comprised of highincome individuals who travel more frequently compared with their heterosexual counterparts. As a result, it is critical for the tourism sector to gain a thorough understanding of this market to effectively target it. Although travel and tourism are critical aspects of the modern LGBT culture, and LGBT tourism represents a developing and lucrative industry (especially in South Africa), there is limited scholarly research that can assist marketers in better understanding the LGBT tourists and their needs. In addition, no research has been conducted on the relationship between customer value and behavioural intentions in the LGBT tourism sector in South Africa. A major challenge for the tourism sector is the ability to offer value to LGBT tourists; therefore, destinations targeting the LGBT market should ensure that they understand how to create value for their customers. v LGBT tourism is considered unique in that the LGBT tourist views value differently than other markets. It is important to understand the dimensions of value to the LGBT market, as LGBT tourists are likely to be discouraged from visiting destinations that do not provide value, which has a significant impact on behavioural intentions. This study, therefore, investigated the dimensions of customer value and their influence on the behavioural intentions of tourists in the South African LGBT tourism sector. A self-administered electronic questionnaire was used to collect data, and 406 usable questionnaires was received. SPSS version 27.0 and Analysis of Movement Structures (AMOS) version 27.0 statistical packages were used to analyse the collected data and test the relationships between the variables examined in this study. The empirical results of this study showed a positive correlation between most dimensions of customer value and behavioural intention while a negative correlation coefficient was observed between cognitive dissonance and dimensions of customer value. The results confirm a positive significant relationship between the independent variables - functional value, emotional value, reputational value, epistemic value, social value - and the dependent variable - customer value. These relationships imply that if functional value, emotional value, reputational value, epistemic value and/or social value, customer value would improve. Interestingly, the findings show a significant positive relationship between monetary and non-monetary sacrifice, and customer value dimensions. These relationships imply that if monetary sacrifice and non-monetary sacrifice increase, customer value would increase. The findings also reveal that customer value has an influence on behavioural intention. Lastly, customer value was not found to be a mediating factor between customer value dimensions and behavioural vi intentions outcomes, namely revisit intention, tourist loyalty, willingness to pay a premium price and word of mouth. Findings from this study could aid destination marketers to ensure that they provide functional, emotional, reputational, epistemic and social value to tourists to gain competitive advantage. LGBT tourists need a safe haven where they can relax and enjoy themselves without fear of societal discrimination, and destinations should do their best to make this happen. This might be accomplished by creating a space where travellers who identify as LGBT can gather and mingle freely. In addition, to improve revisit intention, positive word of mouth and loyalty, tourist destinations should provide unique experiences. Destination marketers should engage in a number of marketing initiatives, including promoting South African LGBT tourism destinations at tourism expos, LGBT music festivals and prides. Lastly, limitations of the study and future research directions are presented. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Madinga, Nkosivile Welcome
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: LGBT community centers , Customer services
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57737 , vital:58228
- Description: The potential economic implications of the LGBT tourism sector have received the attention of scholars, marketing practitioners and tourism destinations, highlighting the LGBT community as a lucrative sector, while also signifying their distinctive needs of the LGBT community. LGBT tourists spent approximately $218 billion on travel in 2018 and they account for approximately 6% of the global tourism market. The LGBT tourism sector is fast growing in South Africa, and it was predicted that by 2030, South Africa will attract approximately 21 million tourists. Within South Africa, Cape Town, Durban and Johannesburg have earned a reputation as LGBT friendly destinations, with LGBT tourists expected to contribute approximately R1.8 billion to the Cape Town economy annually. Furthermore, between 10% and 12% of tourists in Cape Town identified themselves as members of the LGBT community. As a result, South Africa – and notably Cape Town – has been named one of the world’s top destinations for LGBT travellers. A well-known characteristic of the LGBT community is that it is comprised of highincome individuals who travel more frequently compared with their heterosexual counterparts. As a result, it is critical for the tourism sector to gain a thorough understanding of this market to effectively target it. Although travel and tourism are critical aspects of the modern LGBT culture, and LGBT tourism represents a developing and lucrative industry (especially in South Africa), there is limited scholarly research that can assist marketers in better understanding the LGBT tourists and their needs. In addition, no research has been conducted on the relationship between customer value and behavioural intentions in the LGBT tourism sector in South Africa. A major challenge for the tourism sector is the ability to offer value to LGBT tourists; therefore, destinations targeting the LGBT market should ensure that they understand how to create value for their customers. v LGBT tourism is considered unique in that the LGBT tourist views value differently than other markets. It is important to understand the dimensions of value to the LGBT market, as LGBT tourists are likely to be discouraged from visiting destinations that do not provide value, which has a significant impact on behavioural intentions. This study, therefore, investigated the dimensions of customer value and their influence on the behavioural intentions of tourists in the South African LGBT tourism sector. A self-administered electronic questionnaire was used to collect data, and 406 usable questionnaires was received. SPSS version 27.0 and Analysis of Movement Structures (AMOS) version 27.0 statistical packages were used to analyse the collected data and test the relationships between the variables examined in this study. The empirical results of this study showed a positive correlation between most dimensions of customer value and behavioural intention while a negative correlation coefficient was observed between cognitive dissonance and dimensions of customer value. The results confirm a positive significant relationship between the independent variables - functional value, emotional value, reputational value, epistemic value, social value - and the dependent variable - customer value. These relationships imply that if functional value, emotional value, reputational value, epistemic value and/or social value, customer value would improve. Interestingly, the findings show a significant positive relationship between monetary and non-monetary sacrifice, and customer value dimensions. These relationships imply that if monetary sacrifice and non-monetary sacrifice increase, customer value would increase. The findings also reveal that customer value has an influence on behavioural intention. Lastly, customer value was not found to be a mediating factor between customer value dimensions and behavioural vi intentions outcomes, namely revisit intention, tourist loyalty, willingness to pay a premium price and word of mouth. Findings from this study could aid destination marketers to ensure that they provide functional, emotional, reputational, epistemic and social value to tourists to gain competitive advantage. LGBT tourists need a safe haven where they can relax and enjoy themselves without fear of societal discrimination, and destinations should do their best to make this happen. This might be accomplished by creating a space where travellers who identify as LGBT can gather and mingle freely. In addition, to improve revisit intention, positive word of mouth and loyalty, tourist destinations should provide unique experiences. Destination marketers should engage in a number of marketing initiatives, including promoting South African LGBT tourism destinations at tourism expos, LGBT music festivals and prides. Lastly, limitations of the study and future research directions are presented. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The integration of sustainable development goals into business strategies: evidence from the Johannesburg stock exchange top 100
- Authors: Sibango, Lukhanyo Wilfred
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Sustainable development , stock exchange -- Johannesburg
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58179 , vital:58662
- Description: The main of objective of this study was to identify factors influencing the integration of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into core business strategies and activities of the top 100 companies listed on the JSE for the period of 2018 to 2019. The study used one dependent variable (SDG integration) and five independent variables (company size, profitability, financial leverage, board size and mission/vision). To measure SDG integration, a dichotomous scale ranging from 0 and 1 was applied. A scale of 1 was allocated if SDGs are integrated into company strategies and business activities and 0 if there is no integration mentioned. The influence of company size, profitability, financial leverage, board size and mission statements on the integration of SDGs into strategies was investigated using random effect regression model. The findings showed that company size, board size and mentioning of sustainability in mission statements has a positive influence of SDG integration. Financial leverage and profitability were found not to have any significant influence on SDG reporting. The results of this study provided several important implications. Regulators, policy makers and sustainability advocates may gain further understanding into some of the factors that motivate firms to integrate SDGs into strategies. For various stakeholders, the findings suggested that stakeholders should seek ways to exert greater pressure on firms to not only disclose SDGs, but to integrate them in business strategies The study had some limitations, as it relied on a limited sample of only the top 100 firms listed on the JSE. The study period was only limited to 2018 and 2019 financial years. Due to these limitations, the researchers cannot claim that the results of the study are generalisable to all contexts. The study suggested future research to further explore how the board characteristics such as age, gender, education, and nationality influence the level of SDG integration. Furthermore, qualitative research was suggested to investigate the reasons that companies give for integrating SDGs into strategies, and the obstacles they face which could result in non-integration. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Sibango, Lukhanyo Wilfred
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Sustainable development , stock exchange -- Johannesburg
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58179 , vital:58662
- Description: The main of objective of this study was to identify factors influencing the integration of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into core business strategies and activities of the top 100 companies listed on the JSE for the period of 2018 to 2019. The study used one dependent variable (SDG integration) and five independent variables (company size, profitability, financial leverage, board size and mission/vision). To measure SDG integration, a dichotomous scale ranging from 0 and 1 was applied. A scale of 1 was allocated if SDGs are integrated into company strategies and business activities and 0 if there is no integration mentioned. The influence of company size, profitability, financial leverage, board size and mission statements on the integration of SDGs into strategies was investigated using random effect regression model. The findings showed that company size, board size and mentioning of sustainability in mission statements has a positive influence of SDG integration. Financial leverage and profitability were found not to have any significant influence on SDG reporting. The results of this study provided several important implications. Regulators, policy makers and sustainability advocates may gain further understanding into some of the factors that motivate firms to integrate SDGs into strategies. For various stakeholders, the findings suggested that stakeholders should seek ways to exert greater pressure on firms to not only disclose SDGs, but to integrate them in business strategies The study had some limitations, as it relied on a limited sample of only the top 100 firms listed on the JSE. The study period was only limited to 2018 and 2019 financial years. Due to these limitations, the researchers cannot claim that the results of the study are generalisable to all contexts. The study suggested future research to further explore how the board characteristics such as age, gender, education, and nationality influence the level of SDG integration. Furthermore, qualitative research was suggested to investigate the reasons that companies give for integrating SDGs into strategies, and the obstacles they face which could result in non-integration. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The mechanisms conditioning doctoral supervision development in public universities across South Africa
- Authors: Motshoane, Puleng Lorraine
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Doctoral students South Africa , Graduate students Supervision of South Africa , Agent (Philosophy) , Public universities and colleges South Africa , Supervisors Training of South Africa , Supervision South Africa , Mentoring in education South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral thesis , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/232305 , vital:49980 , DOI 10.21504/10962/232305
- Description: This study offers a social realist account of how South African public institutions develop emerging supervisors. The study addresses the need for supervision development across South African public higher education universities. The purpose of the study was to answer the question “What mechanisms condition the development and support of emerging doctoral supervisors across South African public universities?” To examine this question, analytical dualism was used to separate the roles of the ‘people’ (agents) from the ‘parts’ (structure and culture) to examine their interplay. The study was qualitative, and the data was generated through documents, an online survey, and semi-structured interviews. One hundred and eighty-six participants responded to the survey and fifty-four people were interviewed. The participants came from twenty of the twenty-six public higher education universities and represent a large range of disciplines. The study findings revealed that emerging supervisors were often simply ‘thrown into the deep-end’ as they had to work out how to supervise by learning from their students and using the experience gained while they were being supervised. This was experienced as highly problematic by the participants who shared this understanding. Secondly, the findings suggest that where there were developmental events in place, some were not well received. For example where those providing the training were not regarded as credible because they lacked the supervision experience or because the interventions were seen to be too ad hoc and generic. There were calls for more discipline-specific interventions and collaborative spaces where emerging supervisors could engage with experienced supervisors rather than being instructed in a generic best-practice of ‘how to supervise’. The findings indicated that the lines between co-supervision and mentoring were often blurred, and both were used as another form of supervision development. Such relationships provided a useful means for emerging supervisors to come to understand the complex pedagogy of postgraduate supervision but were at times constrained by power imbalances. It was evident across the data that supervision is a special form of teaching and needs to be conceptualised at least in part as a pedagogy. Moreover, the issue of institutional differentiation needs to be considered for the sector to achieve its intended goals of increasing doctoral output and to be able to participate fully in the knowledge economy. , Phuputso ena e fana ka tlaleho ea 'nete ea kahisano ea kamoo litsi tsa Afrika Boroa li ntlafatsang batsamaisi ba ntseng ba hlaha. Phuputso ena e sebetsana le tlhokeho ya ntshetsopele ya bolebedi ho tswa ho diyunibesithing tsa thuto e phahameng tsa setjhaba tsa Aforika Borwa. Sepheo sa phuputso e ne e le ho araba potso e mabapi le "Ke mekhoa efe e behang nts'etsopele le tšehetso ea baokameli ba ntseng ba tsoela pele ho pholletsa le liunivesithi tsa sechaba tsa Afrika Boroa?" E le ho hlahloba potso ena, ho ile ha sebelisoa li-analytical dualism ho arola likarolo tsa "batho" (baemeli) ho "likarolo" (sebopeho le setso) ho hlahloba likamano tsa bona. Thuto e ne e le ea boleng, 'me lintlha li ile tsa hlahisoa ka litokomane, phuputso ea inthaneteng, le lipuisano tse hlophisitsoeng hantle. Barupeluoa ba lekholo le mashome a robeli a metso e tšeletseng ba ile ba arabela phuputsong eo, 'me batho ba 54 ba botsoa. Barupeluoa ba ne ba tsoa liunivesithing tse mashome a mabeli ho tse mashome a mabeli a metso e tšeletseng tsa thuto e phahameng ea sechaba 'me ba emetse mefuta e mengata ea lithuto. Liphuputso tsa phuputso li senotse hore baokameli ba ntseng ba hlaha hangata ba ne ba ‘lahleloa botebong ba pelo kaha ba ne ba lokela ho etsa qeto ea ho laola ka ho ithuta ho liithuti tsa bona le ho sebelisa phihlelo eo ba e fumaneng ha ba ntse ba behiloe leihlo. Phihlelo ena e bile bothata haholo ho barupeluoa ba arolelanang boiphihlelo bona. Taba ea bobeli, liphuputso li fana ka maikutlo a hore ha liketsahalo tsa nts'etsopele li ntse li le teng, tse ling ha lia ka tsa amoheloa hantle, mohlala, hobane ba fanang ka koetliso ba ne ba sa nkoe e le ba ka tšeptjoang hobane ba ne ba se na boiphihlelo ba bolebeli kapa hobane ho ne ho bonahala hore ho na le mehato ea nakoana. . Ho bile le meipiletso ea hore ho be le litšebetso tse khethehileng tsa khalemelo le libaka tse kopanetsoeng moo baokameli ba neng ba ka buisana le baokameli ba nang le phihlelo ho e-na le ho rutoa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa 'ho laola'. Liphuputso li bonts'itse hore litsela tse pakeng tsa ts'ebelisano-'moho le boeletsi hangata li ne li sa hlaka. Ho feta moo, ka bobeli li ne li sebelisoa e le mofuta o mong oa ntlafatso ea tlhokomelo. Likamano tse joalo li ne li fana ka mokhoa oa bohlokoa bakeng sa baokameli ba ba qalang ho utloisisa thuto e rarahaneng ea bolebeli ba morao-rao empa ka linako tse ling ba ne ba sitisoa ke ho se leka-lekane ha matla. Ho ile ha totobala ho pholletsa le data hore tsamaiso ke mokhoa o ikhethileng oa ho ruta 'me o hloka ho nahanoa bonyane e le mokhoa oa ho ruta. Ho feta moo, taba ea karohano ea litsi e lokela ho shejoa hore lekala le fihlele lipheo tsa lona tse reriloeng tsa ho eketsa tlhahiso ea bongaka le ho kenya letsoho ka botlalo moruong oa tsebo. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Motshoane, Puleng Lorraine
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Doctoral students South Africa , Graduate students Supervision of South Africa , Agent (Philosophy) , Public universities and colleges South Africa , Supervisors Training of South Africa , Supervision South Africa , Mentoring in education South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral thesis , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/232305 , vital:49980 , DOI 10.21504/10962/232305
- Description: This study offers a social realist account of how South African public institutions develop emerging supervisors. The study addresses the need for supervision development across South African public higher education universities. The purpose of the study was to answer the question “What mechanisms condition the development and support of emerging doctoral supervisors across South African public universities?” To examine this question, analytical dualism was used to separate the roles of the ‘people’ (agents) from the ‘parts’ (structure and culture) to examine their interplay. The study was qualitative, and the data was generated through documents, an online survey, and semi-structured interviews. One hundred and eighty-six participants responded to the survey and fifty-four people were interviewed. The participants came from twenty of the twenty-six public higher education universities and represent a large range of disciplines. The study findings revealed that emerging supervisors were often simply ‘thrown into the deep-end’ as they had to work out how to supervise by learning from their students and using the experience gained while they were being supervised. This was experienced as highly problematic by the participants who shared this understanding. Secondly, the findings suggest that where there were developmental events in place, some were not well received. For example where those providing the training were not regarded as credible because they lacked the supervision experience or because the interventions were seen to be too ad hoc and generic. There were calls for more discipline-specific interventions and collaborative spaces where emerging supervisors could engage with experienced supervisors rather than being instructed in a generic best-practice of ‘how to supervise’. The findings indicated that the lines between co-supervision and mentoring were often blurred, and both were used as another form of supervision development. Such relationships provided a useful means for emerging supervisors to come to understand the complex pedagogy of postgraduate supervision but were at times constrained by power imbalances. It was evident across the data that supervision is a special form of teaching and needs to be conceptualised at least in part as a pedagogy. Moreover, the issue of institutional differentiation needs to be considered for the sector to achieve its intended goals of increasing doctoral output and to be able to participate fully in the knowledge economy. , Phuputso ena e fana ka tlaleho ea 'nete ea kahisano ea kamoo litsi tsa Afrika Boroa li ntlafatsang batsamaisi ba ntseng ba hlaha. Phuputso ena e sebetsana le tlhokeho ya ntshetsopele ya bolebedi ho tswa ho diyunibesithing tsa thuto e phahameng tsa setjhaba tsa Aforika Borwa. Sepheo sa phuputso e ne e le ho araba potso e mabapi le "Ke mekhoa efe e behang nts'etsopele le tšehetso ea baokameli ba ntseng ba tsoela pele ho pholletsa le liunivesithi tsa sechaba tsa Afrika Boroa?" E le ho hlahloba potso ena, ho ile ha sebelisoa li-analytical dualism ho arola likarolo tsa "batho" (baemeli) ho "likarolo" (sebopeho le setso) ho hlahloba likamano tsa bona. Thuto e ne e le ea boleng, 'me lintlha li ile tsa hlahisoa ka litokomane, phuputso ea inthaneteng, le lipuisano tse hlophisitsoeng hantle. Barupeluoa ba lekholo le mashome a robeli a metso e tšeletseng ba ile ba arabela phuputsong eo, 'me batho ba 54 ba botsoa. Barupeluoa ba ne ba tsoa liunivesithing tse mashome a mabeli ho tse mashome a mabeli a metso e tšeletseng tsa thuto e phahameng ea sechaba 'me ba emetse mefuta e mengata ea lithuto. Liphuputso tsa phuputso li senotse hore baokameli ba ntseng ba hlaha hangata ba ne ba ‘lahleloa botebong ba pelo kaha ba ne ba lokela ho etsa qeto ea ho laola ka ho ithuta ho liithuti tsa bona le ho sebelisa phihlelo eo ba e fumaneng ha ba ntse ba behiloe leihlo. Phihlelo ena e bile bothata haholo ho barupeluoa ba arolelanang boiphihlelo bona. Taba ea bobeli, liphuputso li fana ka maikutlo a hore ha liketsahalo tsa nts'etsopele li ntse li le teng, tse ling ha lia ka tsa amoheloa hantle, mohlala, hobane ba fanang ka koetliso ba ne ba sa nkoe e le ba ka tšeptjoang hobane ba ne ba se na boiphihlelo ba bolebeli kapa hobane ho ne ho bonahala hore ho na le mehato ea nakoana. . Ho bile le meipiletso ea hore ho be le litšebetso tse khethehileng tsa khalemelo le libaka tse kopanetsoeng moo baokameli ba neng ba ka buisana le baokameli ba nang le phihlelo ho e-na le ho rutoa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa 'ho laola'. Liphuputso li bonts'itse hore litsela tse pakeng tsa ts'ebelisano-'moho le boeletsi hangata li ne li sa hlaka. Ho feta moo, ka bobeli li ne li sebelisoa e le mofuta o mong oa ntlafatso ea tlhokomelo. Likamano tse joalo li ne li fana ka mokhoa oa bohlokoa bakeng sa baokameli ba ba qalang ho utloisisa thuto e rarahaneng ea bolebeli ba morao-rao empa ka linako tse ling ba ne ba sitisoa ke ho se leka-lekane ha matla. Ho ile ha totobala ho pholletsa le data hore tsamaiso ke mokhoa o ikhethileng oa ho ruta 'me o hloka ho nahanoa bonyane e le mokhoa oa ho ruta. Ho feta moo, taba ea karohano ea litsi e lokela ho shejoa hore lekala le fihlele lipheo tsa lona tse reriloeng tsa ho eketsa tlhahiso ea bongaka le ho kenya letsoho ka botlalo moruong oa tsebo. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The moderating role of decent work on the relationship between employee motivation and job peformance within the public sector
- Authors: Tungata, Nokwanda
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Public service employment , Performance standards
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58234 , vital:58772
- Description: Orientation: Organisational success is influenced by its ability to employ, develop, sustain and retain skilled employees. Retaining a strongly committed workforce has become a top priority for most organisations. Uncovering and addressing components which influence job insecurity helps retain employees. This is key to improving employee job performance. Research purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the moderating effects of decent work on the relationship between employee motivation and job performance using a sample of public service employees in the Eastern Cape Administration. The study aimed at determining the importance of individual-level performance when diagnosing performance issues in the public sector by focusing on the moderating role of decent work on the relationship between employee motivation and job performance. Motivation for the study: The South African public service is noted to undergoing challenges. Notably, affected are aspects related not only to employee motivation but also job performance. Needed are strategies that address these important organisational realities. Calls in the literature advocate the need to pay attention to the potential role of decent work. Research approach/design and method: A quantitative survey was employed using self-administered questionnaires. A total of 250 surveys were distributed. After data cleaning, a total of 188 surveys were deemed usable. Main findings: The overall findings highlighted in this study are that decent work and employee motivation have a positive relationship with job performance. They also have a significant positive influence on job performance. Additionally the research concludes that the three constructs of decent work that include free time and rest, access to health care and safe working conditions have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between employee motivation and job performance. Practical/managerial implications: This implies that there is need to find ways to keep employees motivated so that their job performance can also improve. Policy makers v should come up with effective work place policies which insure that conditions for employee motivation are ensured at work place as well as decent working conditions. This is important because it results in increased productivity and performance by public service employees. Contribution/value add: The findings provide preliminary insights that contribute to the body of knowledge concerned with decent work and employee job performance in the field of human resource in the South African context. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Tungata, Nokwanda
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Public service employment , Performance standards
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58234 , vital:58772
- Description: Orientation: Organisational success is influenced by its ability to employ, develop, sustain and retain skilled employees. Retaining a strongly committed workforce has become a top priority for most organisations. Uncovering and addressing components which influence job insecurity helps retain employees. This is key to improving employee job performance. Research purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the moderating effects of decent work on the relationship between employee motivation and job performance using a sample of public service employees in the Eastern Cape Administration. The study aimed at determining the importance of individual-level performance when diagnosing performance issues in the public sector by focusing on the moderating role of decent work on the relationship between employee motivation and job performance. Motivation for the study: The South African public service is noted to undergoing challenges. Notably, affected are aspects related not only to employee motivation but also job performance. Needed are strategies that address these important organisational realities. Calls in the literature advocate the need to pay attention to the potential role of decent work. Research approach/design and method: A quantitative survey was employed using self-administered questionnaires. A total of 250 surveys were distributed. After data cleaning, a total of 188 surveys were deemed usable. Main findings: The overall findings highlighted in this study are that decent work and employee motivation have a positive relationship with job performance. They also have a significant positive influence on job performance. Additionally the research concludes that the three constructs of decent work that include free time and rest, access to health care and safe working conditions have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between employee motivation and job performance. Practical/managerial implications: This implies that there is need to find ways to keep employees motivated so that their job performance can also improve. Policy makers v should come up with effective work place policies which insure that conditions for employee motivation are ensured at work place as well as decent working conditions. This is important because it results in increased productivity and performance by public service employees. Contribution/value add: The findings provide preliminary insights that contribute to the body of knowledge concerned with decent work and employee job performance in the field of human resource in the South African context. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The non-completion of construction projects: a case study relative to the department of public works in the Eastern Cape province
- Authors: Cweya, Luvuyo Gladsone
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Construction projects -- Eastern Cape , Public Works -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58317 , vital:58975
- Description: The aim of this study was to investigate why construction projects during the delivery of infrastructure by DPW were not completed. The research 's goals were as follows: (i) to identify the major causes of the non-completion of infrastructure projects; (ii) to identify the reasons for the lack of the provision of adequate budgeting for proper project execution; (iii) to influence and inform the industry role players on the appointment of emerging contractors. The focus was only on public sector projects, and projects which undertake to use the JBCC 2000 Principal Building Agreement (various versions) in the Eastern Cape Province. For the study the research method adopted was a mixed methodological approach. The sample population is made up of DPW program managers, who are responsible for executing infrastructure programs and consultants such as architects, quantity surveyors and contractors. Eastern Cape Provincial Treasury, and the Department of Public Works (DPW) are required to carefully evaluate infrastructure projects for budget planning, and processes. The lack of formal preparation for emerging contractors in the form of seminars, presentations, and lectures was a significant weakness to improve new contractors' skill. DPW does not have a dedicated emerging contractors support programme. The main recommendation is that Eastern Cape Provincial Treasury, and the Department of Public Works should carefully evaluate infrastructure projects for budget planning and budget allocation. The aim is to address the problems leading to late payment of contractors. Moreover, DPW should have a dedicated emerging contractors support programme. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Cweya, Luvuyo Gladsone
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Construction projects -- Eastern Cape , Public Works -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58317 , vital:58975
- Description: The aim of this study was to investigate why construction projects during the delivery of infrastructure by DPW were not completed. The research 's goals were as follows: (i) to identify the major causes of the non-completion of infrastructure projects; (ii) to identify the reasons for the lack of the provision of adequate budgeting for proper project execution; (iii) to influence and inform the industry role players on the appointment of emerging contractors. The focus was only on public sector projects, and projects which undertake to use the JBCC 2000 Principal Building Agreement (various versions) in the Eastern Cape Province. For the study the research method adopted was a mixed methodological approach. The sample population is made up of DPW program managers, who are responsible for executing infrastructure programs and consultants such as architects, quantity surveyors and contractors. Eastern Cape Provincial Treasury, and the Department of Public Works (DPW) are required to carefully evaluate infrastructure projects for budget planning, and processes. The lack of formal preparation for emerging contractors in the form of seminars, presentations, and lectures was a significant weakness to improve new contractors' skill. DPW does not have a dedicated emerging contractors support programme. The main recommendation is that Eastern Cape Provincial Treasury, and the Department of Public Works should carefully evaluate infrastructure projects for budget planning and budget allocation. The aim is to address the problems leading to late payment of contractors. Moreover, DPW should have a dedicated emerging contractors support programme. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The potential impacts of hydraulic fracturing on Khoisan peoples’ sense of place: in the case of Karoo Region, South Africa
- Authors: Tembe, Thandeka
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Hydraulic fracturing--Environmental aspects--South Africa--Eastern Cape , Khoikhoi (African people) -- History
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55701 , vital:53408
- Description: Hydraulic fracturing is a practical solution to minimising production of fossil fuels and to boost the South African economy. However, this development comes at a cost to the society, environment and heritage of the Karoo, which is home to majority of the Khoisan community. Developments such as hydraulic fracturing are barely understood by local communities therefore this study tried to determine the potential impacts of hydraulic fracturing on Khoisan people’s sense of place in the Karoo region, to also establish their perceptions, attitudes, opinion and knowledge on hydraulic fracturing, to facilitate and improve understanding. A mixed method approach was employed to gather relevant information from participants. The qualitative data collection used semi structured interviews to gain participants perceptions, attitudes, opinions and knowledge on hydraulic fracturing, whereas quantitative used questionnaire survey which was administrated to gain socio-demographics and sense of place of Khoisan people (N=50) using survey based psychometric approach to examine the relationship between Khoisan people and sense of place on proposed hydraulic fracturing in the Karoo region (Cradock). Primary data was employed to gain in depth raw data directly from participants and secondary data from literature that already exists. The purposive and snowball sampling technique was used to draw Khoisan participants from the Karoo region (Cradock). Data acquired was analysed using SPSS v26 and Microsoft excel. The results concluded that most Khoisan participants (N= 43) are not aware of what hydraulic fracturing is and therefore there is a need to be taught about the development. The (N= 7) of the participants who have an idea of what hydraulic fracturing is had attended a workshop that was facilitated by the AEON research institute, others learnt about it on the internet and others were informed by someone who either learnt from the internet or attend the workshop. The study also concluded that the Khoisan people have a strong positive sense of place (α= 0.922) with the Karoo region therefore going ahead with the proposed hydraulic fracturing will cause massive damage and could possibly lead to solastalgia and loss of sense of place. vi The recommendation of the study was to involve all stakeholders who will be part of the development of hydraulic fracturing from government, research institutes to oil and gas companies to thorough research, educate and inform local communities in the Karoo. Therefore, it is essential for the government to protect the Karoo culture and heritage, local peoples sense of place by communicating with local communities on such development and assist in holding these companies reliable for any misconducts. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Environmental Geography, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Tembe, Thandeka
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Hydraulic fracturing--Environmental aspects--South Africa--Eastern Cape , Khoikhoi (African people) -- History
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55701 , vital:53408
- Description: Hydraulic fracturing is a practical solution to minimising production of fossil fuels and to boost the South African economy. However, this development comes at a cost to the society, environment and heritage of the Karoo, which is home to majority of the Khoisan community. Developments such as hydraulic fracturing are barely understood by local communities therefore this study tried to determine the potential impacts of hydraulic fracturing on Khoisan people’s sense of place in the Karoo region, to also establish their perceptions, attitudes, opinion and knowledge on hydraulic fracturing, to facilitate and improve understanding. A mixed method approach was employed to gather relevant information from participants. The qualitative data collection used semi structured interviews to gain participants perceptions, attitudes, opinions and knowledge on hydraulic fracturing, whereas quantitative used questionnaire survey which was administrated to gain socio-demographics and sense of place of Khoisan people (N=50) using survey based psychometric approach to examine the relationship between Khoisan people and sense of place on proposed hydraulic fracturing in the Karoo region (Cradock). Primary data was employed to gain in depth raw data directly from participants and secondary data from literature that already exists. The purposive and snowball sampling technique was used to draw Khoisan participants from the Karoo region (Cradock). Data acquired was analysed using SPSS v26 and Microsoft excel. The results concluded that most Khoisan participants (N= 43) are not aware of what hydraulic fracturing is and therefore there is a need to be taught about the development. The (N= 7) of the participants who have an idea of what hydraulic fracturing is had attended a workshop that was facilitated by the AEON research institute, others learnt about it on the internet and others were informed by someone who either learnt from the internet or attend the workshop. The study also concluded that the Khoisan people have a strong positive sense of place (α= 0.922) with the Karoo region therefore going ahead with the proposed hydraulic fracturing will cause massive damage and could possibly lead to solastalgia and loss of sense of place. vi The recommendation of the study was to involve all stakeholders who will be part of the development of hydraulic fracturing from government, research institutes to oil and gas companies to thorough research, educate and inform local communities in the Karoo. Therefore, it is essential for the government to protect the Karoo culture and heritage, local peoples sense of place by communicating with local communities on such development and assist in holding these companies reliable for any misconducts. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Environmental Geography, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The regulation of renewable energy in South Africa
- Van Huyssteen, Cornelis Roelof, Adelman, Sam
- Authors: Van Huyssteen, Cornelis Roelof , Adelman, Sam
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: International law and human rights , Climatic changes -- Social aspects --South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/56382 , vital:56617
- Description: As a developing country, South Africa’s demand for electricity is accelerating in order to facilitate economic growth and provide the necessary basic services to its people. Historically, the South African government has primarily opted to cater for the country’s electricity needs by means of coal as an affordable fossil fuel-based energy source. However, amidst the world’s changing climate and the plummeting costs of renewable energy technologies, there is increasing global pressure to phase out the use of fossil fuels as the key contributor to anthropogenic climate change and to move towards renewables as the world’s main source of energy. The primary problem highlighted in this thesis is the fact that South Africa’s energy laws have been developed to accommodate fossil fuels as the main source of energy, effectively neglecting the need to incorporate provisions that support and regulate the renewable energy sector. The thesis argues for the need for South Africa to transition away from fossil-fuel and nuclear based energy solutions based on the potential of renewables not only to improve energy security, but also to contribute towards social, economic, and environmental development. However, the transition to renewables and the realisation of its associated benefits will only be realised by means of a regulatory framework dedicated to the development of the renewable energy sector. The researcher argues that, in their current form, South African laws and policies limits the growth of the renewable energy sector. In order to propose reform and to develop the law to support renewable energy sufficiently, the thesis explores international law as well as global best practice in the United Kingdom and Germany related to renewable energy regulation. The comparative analysis allows the researcher to make recommendations to inform the development of South Africa’s renewable energy legal framework. It is argued that, given South Africa’s status as a developing country, such reform must be based upon the fundamental principles of climate change mitigation and social development. Ultimately, it is submitted that, a law dedicated to renewable energy can, and must, play an imperative role in realising the concept of sustainable development in South Africa. , Thesis (LLD) -- Faculty of Law , School of Public Law, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Van Huyssteen, Cornelis Roelof , Adelman, Sam
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: International law and human rights , Climatic changes -- Social aspects --South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/56382 , vital:56617
- Description: As a developing country, South Africa’s demand for electricity is accelerating in order to facilitate economic growth and provide the necessary basic services to its people. Historically, the South African government has primarily opted to cater for the country’s electricity needs by means of coal as an affordable fossil fuel-based energy source. However, amidst the world’s changing climate and the plummeting costs of renewable energy technologies, there is increasing global pressure to phase out the use of fossil fuels as the key contributor to anthropogenic climate change and to move towards renewables as the world’s main source of energy. The primary problem highlighted in this thesis is the fact that South Africa’s energy laws have been developed to accommodate fossil fuels as the main source of energy, effectively neglecting the need to incorporate provisions that support and regulate the renewable energy sector. The thesis argues for the need for South Africa to transition away from fossil-fuel and nuclear based energy solutions based on the potential of renewables not only to improve energy security, but also to contribute towards social, economic, and environmental development. However, the transition to renewables and the realisation of its associated benefits will only be realised by means of a regulatory framework dedicated to the development of the renewable energy sector. The researcher argues that, in their current form, South African laws and policies limits the growth of the renewable energy sector. In order to propose reform and to develop the law to support renewable energy sufficiently, the thesis explores international law as well as global best practice in the United Kingdom and Germany related to renewable energy regulation. The comparative analysis allows the researcher to make recommendations to inform the development of South Africa’s renewable energy legal framework. It is argued that, given South Africa’s status as a developing country, such reform must be based upon the fundamental principles of climate change mitigation and social development. Ultimately, it is submitted that, a law dedicated to renewable energy can, and must, play an imperative role in realising the concept of sustainable development in South Africa. , Thesis (LLD) -- Faculty of Law , School of Public Law, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The role of circular economy principles in solid waste management: a study of Walmer township
- Authors: Ndarane, Nomonde
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Circular economy , Recycling (Waste, etc.)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58048 , vital:58509
- Description: The maximisation of circular economy strategies brings hope to challenges of solid waste management and poverty alleviation. The purpose of the study was to explore the role of circular economy in solid waste management. A related goal was to enhance an understanding of how Walmer Township community’s use of circular economy principles can serve as a solid waste management strategy. The study holds the practical implication that circular economy contributes significantly to managing solid waste and to sustainable development. An empirical inquiry using a qualitative method was conducted and data was gathered through semi-structured interviews. Four different target groups were selected for this study- waste pickers, key informants (ward councillor and municipal officials), recycling businesses and NGO managers. It was brought to light that circular economy is utilised as both an economic and a solid waste management strategy. The findings show that implementing strategies of circular economy presents opportunities both for businesses and for poverty alleviation. Based on the findings, recommendations are made regarding making circular economy a lucrative business while upholding principles of environmentally friendly waste management strategies. Circular economy has crucial benefits, but it is practiced by few individuals within the community. More research needs to be conducted on how to make circular economy more attractive, especially to the youth. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Ndarane, Nomonde
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Circular economy , Recycling (Waste, etc.)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58048 , vital:58509
- Description: The maximisation of circular economy strategies brings hope to challenges of solid waste management and poverty alleviation. The purpose of the study was to explore the role of circular economy in solid waste management. A related goal was to enhance an understanding of how Walmer Township community’s use of circular economy principles can serve as a solid waste management strategy. The study holds the practical implication that circular economy contributes significantly to managing solid waste and to sustainable development. An empirical inquiry using a qualitative method was conducted and data was gathered through semi-structured interviews. Four different target groups were selected for this study- waste pickers, key informants (ward councillor and municipal officials), recycling businesses and NGO managers. It was brought to light that circular economy is utilised as both an economic and a solid waste management strategy. The findings show that implementing strategies of circular economy presents opportunities both for businesses and for poverty alleviation. Based on the findings, recommendations are made regarding making circular economy a lucrative business while upholding principles of environmentally friendly waste management strategies. Circular economy has crucial benefits, but it is practiced by few individuals within the community. More research needs to be conducted on how to make circular economy more attractive, especially to the youth. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The role of climate change on food security in Northern Uganda a case study of Lira district
- Authors: Aciro, Prudence Estel
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Food security -- Uganda , Food security -- Climatic factors , Climatic changes
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57513 , vital:58054
- Description: The study examines the effects of climate change in Northern Uganda to create food security solutions through the improvement of local resilience mechanisms and adaptation devices. The study adopted the interpretive paradigm within the qualitative research methodology as it investigated the subjective opinions of the respondents about the role of climate change on food security in the Lira district. The researcher used non-probability purposive sampling to identify nine officials that possessed knowledge on resilience mechanisms and also interacted directly with individual farmers. The researcher used semi-structured interviews as a tool to collect data and thematic analysis to make conclusions on findings based on the emerging themes. The findings from the study revealed that the four determinants of food security are greatly affected by climate events and these are: food utilisation, food production, food availability and access to food as well as the stability of food supply. Food storage is a problem facing the community of Lira due to extreme climate events. Climate change was found to affect food prices in such a way that when agricultural inputs are bought expensively, it leads the cost of producing crops to increase, which in turn makes food more expensive at the market. The findings also displayed that Lira’s local communities are trying to apply adaptive farming practices to ensure there is an adequate food supply, such as planting a local variety of seeds that withstand the effect of climate change, such as sorghum millet and cassava. Based on the findings, valuable recommendations are offered. These include the government rolling out a national irrigation scheme to ease the use of the drip irrigation mechanism. Also, there is a need for more interventions that support local resilience mechanisms such as the use of agricultural inputs, as these require subsidisation. It emerged from the findings of this study that there is a need for better interventions to deal with flooding. For future researchers, it was found that there is a need to explore the best post-harvest handling methods as well as food storage. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Aciro, Prudence Estel
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Food security -- Uganda , Food security -- Climatic factors , Climatic changes
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57513 , vital:58054
- Description: The study examines the effects of climate change in Northern Uganda to create food security solutions through the improvement of local resilience mechanisms and adaptation devices. The study adopted the interpretive paradigm within the qualitative research methodology as it investigated the subjective opinions of the respondents about the role of climate change on food security in the Lira district. The researcher used non-probability purposive sampling to identify nine officials that possessed knowledge on resilience mechanisms and also interacted directly with individual farmers. The researcher used semi-structured interviews as a tool to collect data and thematic analysis to make conclusions on findings based on the emerging themes. The findings from the study revealed that the four determinants of food security are greatly affected by climate events and these are: food utilisation, food production, food availability and access to food as well as the stability of food supply. Food storage is a problem facing the community of Lira due to extreme climate events. Climate change was found to affect food prices in such a way that when agricultural inputs are bought expensively, it leads the cost of producing crops to increase, which in turn makes food more expensive at the market. The findings also displayed that Lira’s local communities are trying to apply adaptive farming practices to ensure there is an adequate food supply, such as planting a local variety of seeds that withstand the effect of climate change, such as sorghum millet and cassava. Based on the findings, valuable recommendations are offered. These include the government rolling out a national irrigation scheme to ease the use of the drip irrigation mechanism. Also, there is a need for more interventions that support local resilience mechanisms such as the use of agricultural inputs, as these require subsidisation. It emerged from the findings of this study that there is a need for better interventions to deal with flooding. For future researchers, it was found that there is a need to explore the best post-harvest handling methods as well as food storage. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04