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The Educational Journal

Detention without trial: past, present and future

  • Authors: Mathews, A S , Wylie, James Scott
  • Date: [1988]-02
  • Subjects: Detention of persons -- South Africa , Human rights -- South Africa , Political prisoners -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , book
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/72512 , vital:30079
  • Description: Detention without trial can be a formidable government weapon against political opponents. In South Africa this weapon has been fashioned into a multiple warhead. There are currently seven security law detention provisions on the statute book, of which one is dormant but can be activated by the State President. Non security law detention, for example detention under drug laws, will not be discussed in this paper. While the seven detention laws are of varying severity and serve different purposes, they are best classified and explained under two main categories or groups - preventive detention and pre-trial detention.
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  • Date Issued: [1988]-02

The Educational Journal

A comparison of the self-esteem of black and white high school pupils

  • Authors: Morrow, Brian Robert
  • Date: 1988
  • Subjects: Uncatalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: Master's theses , text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/193033 , vital:45292
  • Description: This study investigated the level of self-esteem of black and white high-school students using the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. One hundred and eighty six subjects were used, 63 of them being white while 118 were black. A validation of the Rosenberg scale for the black sample was attempted using a correlation between the scale score and a rating of the subjects by teachers. The results of the study showed no significant difference between the self-esteem levels, while the validation study failed to confirm the validity of the test for black subjects in South Africa. However, the validation study v/as rejected as inconclusive and the results of the comparison accepted as confirmatory of previous research. An incidental positive finding revealed that white males have higher self-esteem than white females,. The theory and past research of self-esteem comparisons between racial groups is reviewed. The conclusion is reached in this study that the concept of self-esteem has outlasted its usefulness in the field of comparisons between racial groups and research of a qualitative nature .can provide further data for the understanding of differences between racial groups. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, Psychology, 1988
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  • Date Issued: 1988

A laterally extensive geochemical discontinuity in the subcontinental Gondwana Lithosphere

  • Authors: Erlank, Anthony J , Duncan, Andrew R , Marsh, Julian S , Sweeney, R J , Hawkesworth, C J , Milner, Simon C , Miller, R McG , Rogers, N W
  • Date: 1988
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , abstracts
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/131678 , vital:36710
  • Description: Cox et al. (1967) first delineated the existence of two major geochemical provinces in the Karoo basalts of southern Africa. Tholeiitic basalts in Zimbabwe are highly enriched in incompatible trace elements and constitute the "northern province". In contrast, basalts from Lesotho and from the southern segment of the Lebombo monocline have lower or “normal” abundances of these elements and were regarded as a "southern province'. Recent work has established that this change in composition takes place relatively rapidly in the Central Lebombo.
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  • Date Issued: 1988

An analysis of the structural use of music, song and dance in certain novels by West African writers in relation to concepts of time

  • Authors: Baxter, Marion
  • Date: 1988
  • Subjects: Music and literature
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2174 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001825
  • Description: The topic of this thesis is time in the West African novel in English and French, and the key approach is that West African time is readily grasped through a study of West African music. Though Western time is not exclusively or only linear, mechanical and exploitative, and African time not exclusively cyclic, synchronic and experiential, yet there is a characteristically African view of time and preferred modes of its employment in West African fiction. The novelists considered here wrote in European languages, yet each was a member of a specific cultural group and concerned to portray the aesthetics of his inheritance, an important aspect of which is the predominance of repetitive formulae, both in music and in oral literature. The Introduction offers an historical survey of some of the main notions of time that have been manifest in the West, and compares them with notions of African time. Chapter One examines the structural use of rhythm and repetition in the novels of Camara Laye. Chapter Two discusses the griot and other traditions of oral literature in the novels of Ayi Kwei Armah and Yambo Ouologuem, novels which are concerned with the griot 's continuing role in the creation and dissemination of historical perspective. Chapter Three analyses Chinua Achebe 's portrayal of the values of pre-colonial life in Igbo society where the role of music is to limit behaviour through the structures of ritual which thus create static/cyclic time. Chapter Four describes the syncretic art-form, 'highlife', as used by novelists such as Wole Soyinka, which, because it is transitory and always changing, underscores the ironies of modern city life. The thesis concludes that the authors discussed above are aware that music, because it is predominantly social in Africa, is a powerful medium for achieving a healing synthesis between the traditional past when communalistic values were binding, and the urban-orientated present with its insistence on individuation and material enrichment.
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  • Date Issued: 1988

An existential-phenomenological exploration of interracial love relationships in South Africa

  • Authors: Ross, Christopher James
  • Date: 1988
  • Subjects: Interpersonal relations -- South Africa , South Africa -- Race relations
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2900 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002064
  • Description: The aim of the study was to explicate the experience of interracial love relationships between Blacks and Whites in South Africa. As a point of departure, a basic question was established which would elicit the actual experience of this phenomenon. The researcher conducted twelve interviews and chose the six psychologically richest accounts. The researcher then analysed in detail (using the phenomenological method) the resulting protocols comprising the interviews. The researcher then explicated the experience and discovered that interracial love was a historical process of going through a relationship over time. The subjects experienced a particular historical background in the face of which they felt unfulfilled which brought about the potential to search for authenticity in a particular way. The subjects were placed in a situation where interracial love became a possibility. The subjects saw the other as human and fell in love. A new horizon emerged and a learning experience, about themselves and the world, occurred. The element of conflict was always present which was exacerbated by the South African Apartheid system. Subjects experienced fulfillment and disappointment depending on whether or not their historical demand was met. This structure of the experience was dialogued with the writings of existential-phenomenological philosophers and psychologists and also with that of previous research in the context of discussing particular areas of psychological significance such as historical background and Apartheid, racism, alienation, motives for interracial love, love and the universality of human nature and interracial love as a learning experience.
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  • Date Issued: 1988

Concept development in aspects of ecology

  • Authors: Webb, Paul
  • Date: 1988
  • Subjects: Ecology -- Study and teaching
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MEd
  • Identifier: vital:1354 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001420
  • Description: In this study food webs and a case study are used to investigate concepts which university students and high school pupils hold about ecology and the degree to which concept development has taken place at particular educational levels. The sample was drawn from first year zoology students and biology pupils in standards eight and ten. Present data indicate that students and pupils could solve problems involving the interactions of populations only if they were simple enough to be answered using strategies based on the food chain concept. Very few subjects could succesfully determine all the interacting pathways along which effects may be transmitted within a food web. The ability to determine all the pathways along which the effects of a change in population numbers within a community are spread, and to analyse the possible net manifestation of sometimes conflicting forces, requires a clear understanding of the concept of food web. An immature understanding of the food web concept by the subjects of this study is suggested as, in most cases, they identified alternate pathways within the food web when explicitly asked to do so, but did not apply this strategy when asked to solve problems based on the same principle. The case study also revealed immature ecological concepts. Responses by standard eight pupils indicate that the opportunity exists at this level to develop a clear and mature understanding of the concept of food web, while comparison of data provided by the three age groups suggests that if clear conceptual development regarding food webs does not take place at school, misconceptions are likely to persist among first year university students.
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  • Date Issued: 1988

Defined by wine : a study of sacramentalism in George Herbertʾs poetry

  • Authors: Goddard, Kevin Graham
  • Date: 1988
  • Subjects: Herbert, George, 1593-1633 -- Criticism and interpretation , Christian poetry, English -- History and criticism
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2177 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001828
  • Description: This dissertation proposes that George Herbertʾs poetry may profitably be understood as a sacramental means by which the divine is made present in temporal existence. In order to support this claim, the relation between sacramental symbolism and literary symbolism, particularly Herbertʾs, is examined from a number of perspectives. The symbolic meanings suggested by Herbertʾs title (The Temple), and their relation to sacramentalism are considered in the opening chapter. This includes a consideration of some of the background to the analogical thinking prevalent in both the seventeenth-century and Herbert. It is followed in the second chapter by an examination of some of the modern theories about how literary symbolism may relate to sacramental symbolism, a discussion which is followed by a consideration of this dissertation's argument in relation to modern scholarship. The chapter ends with a reading of ʺThe Flowerʺ. The third chapter discusses the poet's attempt to imitate the divine by ʺcopyingʺ both Scripture and Nature, and this includes a consideration of the allegorical and hieroglyphic modes of thought prevalent in the poems. The concern with imitation encourages an examination of the poet's frequent invitation for God actually to assume the poet's role, and this is the subject of the fourth chapter. The argument suggests that the poet's attempt to ʺsacrificeʺ his own writing may be seen in his concern with corporate imagery and corporate (impersonal) structures. The five ʺAfflictionʺ poems are examined as examples of the first, while structures such as synecdoche and metonymy are examined as examples of the second. The final chapter considers aspects of narrative time in the poems, particularly the sense often evoked of the eternal being imminent in the present. This involves a consideration of both liturgical imagery, and what may be called liturgical structures as they can be seen to operate in the poems. Particular examples of the latter are the relation between the liturgical anamnesis and the poems, as well as certain narrative structures that may be called ʺachronisticʺ.
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  • Date Issued: 1988

Dilution of topical corticosteroid formulations

  • Authors: Haigh, John M
  • Date: 1988
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Article
  • Identifier: vital:6377 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006295
  • Description: It has been a long-held concern of a number of people working in this field that some dermatologists prescribing a 1:10 dilution of a corticosteroid preparation such as Dermovate cream believe that the final product will be one tenth as efficacious and also produce one tenth of the side effects as the undiluted formulation. This is certainly not the case. Dermovate falls into the very potent category of topical corticosteroid preparations (as defined in the United Kingdom Monthly Index of Medical Specialities) and a 1:10 dilution falls into the potent category.
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  • Date Issued: 1988

Distribution and petrogenesis of the basic rocks of the Etendeka Formation of northwestern Namibia

  • Authors: Marsh, Julian S , Duncan, Andrew R , Milner, Simon C , Erlank, Anthony J
  • Date: 1988
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , abstracts
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/131667 , vital:36709
  • Description: The igneous rocks which comprise the Etendeka Formation in northwestern Namibia cover an area of 78 000 km² and consist dominantly of interbedded basalts and quartz latites, with minor latites. They are spatially associated with, and intruded by, two suites of dolerites. The rocks of the Etendeka Formation are included in the Karoo Igneous Province but differ from most other Karoo volcanics with respect to their younger age (Cretaceous) and aspects of their mineralogy and geochemistry.
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  • Date Issued: 1988

ESKOM can afford a living wage

  • Authors: ESKOM
  • Date: April 1988
  • Subjects: ESKOM
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/118337 , vital:34619
  • Description: In July 1987, Eskom gave large wage increases, up to 35% for a general worker. General workers suffered a big fall in the buying power of their wages in the late 1970's but now their wages are higher than ever. The graph shows the buying power, also called "real wages", of wages from 1974 to 1987 for grade 1 and grade 5 workers at Eskom in the group 1 non-shift (national) category.
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  • Date Issued: April 1988

Eskom wage arbitration

  • Authors: NUM
  • Date: Oct 1988
  • Subjects: NUM
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134905 , vital:37216
  • Description: Eskom increased the wages of general workers by 10% from 1 July- 1988, after the unions had rejected a 12% offer. The trade unions declared a dispute with Eskom, and have demanded a 20% wage increase (including the 10% increase implemented unilaterally), to be backdated to 1 July 1988. This document outlines the case for a higher wage increase than that granted by Eskom. All the wage calculations and projections assume that the increased wage will be back-dated to 1 July 1988. This report has been written by the Collective Bargaining Department of the National Union of Mineworkers in collaboration with the Labour Research Service in Cape Town.
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  • Date Issued: Oct 1988

Job grading and wages

  • Authors: WIG
  • Date: Oct 1988
  • Subjects: WIG
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/139411 , vital:37734
  • Description: Job grading is a way of saying how important different jobs are for management. Job grading is a way of comparing different jobs, and saying that some jobs are very important, and other jobs are not so important. Most job grading systems say that managers and engineers are very important, and that labourers and operators are not important. Wages are paid according to the workers’ grade in the job grading system. A worker with an important job will earn higher wages that a worker with a job that is not so important.
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  • Date Issued: Oct 1988

Lovedale 1930-1955 : the study of a missionary institution in its social, educational and political context

  • Authors: White, Timothy Raymond Howard
  • Date: 1988
  • Subjects: Lovedale Institution , History , South Africa , Education , African people
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2527 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001856
  • Description: Lovedale was founded by the Glasgow Missionary Society as an eduational centre for Africans. Education was to be adapted to the lives of the Africans which would be a departure from the English classical tradition. This meant that emphasis was placed on vocational training and that academic education focussed on the study of English rather than the Classics. But the importance of mother-tongue education was also stressed. The missionaries placed emphasis on village education, whereby the African would be taught skills and crafts that would be useful to him in life. Education, they argued, should also aim at character-training and at spreading the Christian message. They also wanted to see co-operation between the Church and the State in the education of the African. Vocational education was designed to create African artisans who would be able to compete with Whites; but it also aimed at emphasizing the importance of industry in building up character. The Lovedale Press illustrates vocational training in progress, dealing with the difficulties that arose when African printers came into competition with Whites. But the missionaries also used the Press to propagate the Christian message and to promote African literature. An ideological rift began to open up between the missions and the new Black political beliefs of the Second World War. This led to the Lovedale Riot which is considered in the broader framework of sociopolitical unrest within the country. After the 1948 Election an ideological rift also developed between the missions and the State. This study concludes by examining the introduction of the Bantu Education Act and the Lovedale response to this. It was felt that although Bantu Education threatened to undermine their educational endeavour, they should nevertheless cooperate with the system in order to save what they had built up.
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  • Date Issued: 1988

October elections: a recipe for conflict?

  • Authors: National Union of South African Students
  • Date: 1988
  • Subjects: Elections -- South Africa , Local elections -- South Africa , Local government -- South Africa , South Africa -- Politics and government -- 1978-1989
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , book
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/72773 , vital:30112
  • Description: On October 26 1988, for the first time in the country’s history, South Africans of all races will be expected to go to the polls to elect their local government representatives. Never before have these elections been held together on the same day. That is about all that is historically "new" about the coming local authority elections. Yet to the government, the forthcoming municipal elections are all-important. So much so, that it is now an offense to call on people to boycott the elections. This booklet will attempt to find some explanations for why the coming municipal elections are so important to the government. How do they fit into the National Party’s political plans for the country and, most importantly, how do the majority of politically unrepresented South Africans view the elections and the structures of local government?
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  • Date Issued: 1988

People's education - An Examination of the Concept

  • Authors: Centre for Adult and Continuing Education (CACE)
  • Date: 1988
  • Subjects: Centre for Adult and Continuing Education (CACE)
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/168796 , vital:41648
  • Description: This research report sets out to examine the concept of People’s Education in South Africa from December 1985, when the call for People’s Education was first made, to September 19877“It is the result of a preliminary six month research project which set out to lay the basis for a long term study of international perspectives on People’s Education. The researcher experienced the difficulties associated with doing contemporary research in a charged political environment. Several of the potential interviewees were either in detention or ‘on the run’ because of their commitment to People’s Education. The contemporary nature of the research focus also meant that the sources of relevant printed materials were limited and dispersed. The study demonstrates that People’s Education is concerned with more than responding to ‘the education crisis'. In addition, it is attempting to address the problem of a future education system in a post-apartheid society. As adult educators we are excited by the challenges that People’s Education offers. It is one of the first times in South Africa that ‘lifelong education ’ is on the agenda where education in the school is seen as only one aspect of necessary education provision. Adult Education at the workplace, in voluntary associations, in political movements, in the home, is seen as integral to the educational process both in the period of social transformation and in a future, post-apartheid society. This study has confirmed that People’s Education cannot be ignored. People’s Education has achieved what many previous investigations into education have not achieved; it has involved a wide range of grassroots people in the debates around the future of South African education. It is an ongoing process. As Ken Hartshorne is quoted as saying : "Both the debate on and the process leading to post-apartheid education are well underway; they are loaded with complexities, uncertainties and risks, because they are taking place in an unstable and unresolved vortex which changes from day to day, from place to place." I would like to acknowledge the assistance of colleagues who played an important role in the process of the study : Professor Owen van den Berg who was very helpful in the setting up of the project, and Mr Brian O’Connell who assisted with the conceptualisation and ongoing discussion of the project. In addition, his critical reading of the draft of this report provided many invaluable suggestions. Thanks are also due to our colleagues at UWC and elsewhere who took time to read the draft paper and offered constructive criticisms.
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  • Date Issued: 1988

Perceptions of, and attitudes towards, varieties of English in the Cape Peninsula, with particular reference to the ʾcoloured communityʾ

  • Authors: Wood, Tahir Muhammed
  • Date: 1988
  • Subjects: English language -- South Africa -- Cape of Good Hope , English language -- Variation , Sociolinguistics -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2336 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002018
  • Description: This study set out to analyse the concept of the ʾcoloured communityʾ and to describe the linguistic phenomena associated with it. It was found that the community was characterized by division and an overt rejection of 'coloured' identity. A satisfactory definition of the community could only be arrived at by exploring social psychological and anthropological concepts, particularly that of the social network, and a covert identification was postulated. This in turn was used to explain the linguistic phenomena which were found to be associated with the community. The latter included a vernacular dialect consisting of non-standard Afrikaans blended with English, as well as a stratification of particular items in the English spoken by community members . This stratification was analysed in terms of the social distribution of the items, enabling comparisons to be made with the English spoken by ʾwhitesʾ. A fieldwork study was embarked on with the intention of discovering the nature of the perceptions of, and attitudes towards, the idiolects of certain speakers. These idiolects were considered to be typical and representative of the forms of English normally encountered in the Cape Peninsula, and were described in terms of the co-occurrences of linguistic items which they contained. Tape recordings of the speech of this group of speakers were presented in a series of controlled experiments to subjects from various class and community backgrounds who were required to respond by completing questionnaires. It was found that those lects which contained items and co-occurrences of items peculiar to 'coloured' speakers were associated with lower status than those containing items and co-occurrences of items peculiar to 'white' speakers. Attitudes towards speakers were found to be more complex and depended upon the styles and paralanguage behaviours of the speakers, as well as accent, and also the psychological dispositions of the subjects who participated
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  • Date Issued: 1988

Phenylpropanolamine : analytical and pharmacokinetic studies using high-performance liquid chromatography

  • Authors: Scherzinger, Sabine Hilda
  • Date: 1988
  • Subjects: Phenylpropanolamine , Pharmacokinetics , High performance liquid chromatography
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:3811 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004528
  • Description: Phenylpropanolamine (PPA), a synthetic sympathomimetic amine structurally related to ephedrine has been widely used over t he past 40 years as a nasal decongestant and appetite suppressant. It has been the focus of much controversy concerning the efficacy of the drug in its use as an anorectic agent, and due to the side effects caused by the higher doses of PPA required for appetite suppression. Although extensively used, there is little information concerning the determination of PPA in biological fluids and on the pharmacokinetics of this drug. An adaptation of a published high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay for PPA in serum and urine using U.V. detection at 210 nm is presented. PPA was separated in the reversed phase mode. The method has a limit of sensitivity of 5.0 ng/mL and 10.0 ng/mL in serum and urine respectively. Serum concentration data following a single 25 mg dose of phenylpropanolamine in human volunteers demonstrate the application of the analytical method for bioavailability and pharmacokinetic studies. After the administration of 25 mg, 50 mg or 100 mg PPA.HCl solutions to 5 human volunteers, a dose proportionality study demonstrated that PPA appears to exhibit linear kinetics. Linear one body compartment kinetics were assumed and the wagner-Nelson method used to transform in vivo serum data to absorption plots. The serum data were fitted to a model using nonlinear regression techniques to characterize the pharmacokinetic processes of PPA. The absorption of phenylpropanolamine appears to be discontinuous and the drug seems to favour a two body compartment model. The pharmacokinetic parameters obtained from a steady state study using multiple dosing of PPA.HCl solutions compared with those found from previous studies after the administration of sustained-release formulations. A plasma protein binding study using equilibrium dialysis demonstrated that PPA is not highly protein bound in the blood.
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  • Date Issued: 1988

Rhodes University Graduation Ceremony 1988

  • Authors: Rhodes University
  • Date: 1988
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: vital:8122 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005705
  • Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremonies on Friday, 8 April 1988 at 8 p.m. [and] on Friday, 9 April 1988 at 10 a.m. in the 1820 Settlers National Monument. , Rhodes University East London Graduation Ceremony Saturday; 7 May 1988 at 11.30 a.m. in the Guild Theatre.
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  • Date Issued: 1988
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