Tienerafrikaans: ’n studie van tienertaal, met spesiale verwysing na sleng, in twee Inxuba Yethemba (RSA-)skole
- Authors: Holland, Anil Juan
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Afrikaans language -- Social aspects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Afrikaanse taal -- Grammatika , Code switching (Linguistics)
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/62816 , vital:72980
- Description: It is understood that, for us humans to communicate with one another, we need language. Communication thus has a close relationship with society. But language changes and it has many varieties. On the one hand we have the standard variety of a language which is mostly used in formal situations, and on the other hand we have other varieties, which are mostly used in informal situations. Slang serves as an example of the latter and is chiefly used by adolescents – individuals between the ages of 13 and 19. As Saal and Lawrence (2019: 24) put it: young people are the agents of linguistic change. The researcher finds the language of teenagers quite interesting seeing that he is a teacher who frequently comes across words or phrases he has not heard or does not know the meaning of. The goal of this study is thus to investigate teenage language as phenomenon, with special reference to slang. This study examines slang words and expressions as they occur among teenagers in two Nxuba (formerly Cradock) schools, as well as find out why, when, and when the research group will not make use of slang. Nxuba forms part of the Inxuba Yethemba Municipality in the Eastern Cape. During the study general linguistic phenomena that occur among the teenagers in the given town are also investigated. These phenomena are analysed using the phonetic, phonological, morphological, syntactic, semantic, and lexical levels of variation. This study follows a qualitative approach with the help of questionnaires, direct observation, and focus group interviews as data collection methods. It was found that teenagers are highly creative and create novel words or give new meanings to words that already exist in the standard variety. The reasons why teenagers make use of slang is, among other things, to ease communication, for the fun of it, secrecy, and to enrich the standard variety. Slang is mostly used in informal situations and tends to be avoided in the presence of older persons, at church, and when doing schoolwork. There are also various linguistic phenomena that appear in teenagers’ general language usage: borrowing, reduction, homonyms, polysemes, and various phonological phenomena, among other. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities , School of Language, Media and Communication , 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Holland, Anil Juan
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Afrikaans language -- Social aspects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Afrikaanse taal -- Grammatika , Code switching (Linguistics)
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/62816 , vital:72980
- Description: It is understood that, for us humans to communicate with one another, we need language. Communication thus has a close relationship with society. But language changes and it has many varieties. On the one hand we have the standard variety of a language which is mostly used in formal situations, and on the other hand we have other varieties, which are mostly used in informal situations. Slang serves as an example of the latter and is chiefly used by adolescents – individuals between the ages of 13 and 19. As Saal and Lawrence (2019: 24) put it: young people are the agents of linguistic change. The researcher finds the language of teenagers quite interesting seeing that he is a teacher who frequently comes across words or phrases he has not heard or does not know the meaning of. The goal of this study is thus to investigate teenage language as phenomenon, with special reference to slang. This study examines slang words and expressions as they occur among teenagers in two Nxuba (formerly Cradock) schools, as well as find out why, when, and when the research group will not make use of slang. Nxuba forms part of the Inxuba Yethemba Municipality in the Eastern Cape. During the study general linguistic phenomena that occur among the teenagers in the given town are also investigated. These phenomena are analysed using the phonetic, phonological, morphological, syntactic, semantic, and lexical levels of variation. This study follows a qualitative approach with the help of questionnaires, direct observation, and focus group interviews as data collection methods. It was found that teenagers are highly creative and create novel words or give new meanings to words that already exist in the standard variety. The reasons why teenagers make use of slang is, among other things, to ease communication, for the fun of it, secrecy, and to enrich the standard variety. Slang is mostly used in informal situations and tends to be avoided in the presence of older persons, at church, and when doing schoolwork. There are also various linguistic phenomena that appear in teenagers’ general language usage: borrowing, reduction, homonyms, polysemes, and various phonological phenomena, among other. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities , School of Language, Media and Communication , 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Total quality management as a tool towards improving Eastern Cape’s department of public works construction
- Authors: Mancotywa, Luyolo
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: South Africa. Department of Public Work , Public buildings -- South Africa -- Maintenance and repair , Construction industry -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Project management Total quality management
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64623 , vital:73773
- Description: There have been numerous claims regarding how quality management systems facilitate the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) among Government Implementing Agents, particularly within the Eastern Cape Department of Public Works and Infrastructure. However, the success rate of TQM implementation in ECDPW projects varies. This study aims to investigate the implementation of TQM within these construction projects. Additionally, five secondary objectives were established to further this investigation. Utilizing a quantitative research approach, data obtained from a semi-structured questionnaire survey was analyzed. The analysis was based on responses from 44 out of 50 questionnaires distributed. Implications: The practical implication of this study lies in identifying the implementation of TQM among Governmental Implementing Agents, particularly within the Eastern Cape Department of Public Works, and understanding the challenges they encounter. The theoretical implications encompass contributing to existing studies that validate quality comprehensively within ECDPW construction projects and suggesting ways they can effectively implement TQM across their processes. The research findings confirmed the challenges and difficulties experienced during the various phases—pre-construction, construction, and post-construction—of projects managed by the Eastern Cape’s Department of Public Works. It was evident that Total Quality Management lacks robust implementation within ECDPW construction projects, directly impacting project quality and the effective execution of quality management systems. A key limitation of this study is the absence of data collection on the professional backgrounds and years of experience of the study participants. During pilot testing, it was found more suitable to identify job roles rather than professional backgrounds. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Technology, School of Built Environment and Civil Engineering, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Mancotywa, Luyolo
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: South Africa. Department of Public Work , Public buildings -- South Africa -- Maintenance and repair , Construction industry -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Project management Total quality management
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64623 , vital:73773
- Description: There have been numerous claims regarding how quality management systems facilitate the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) among Government Implementing Agents, particularly within the Eastern Cape Department of Public Works and Infrastructure. However, the success rate of TQM implementation in ECDPW projects varies. This study aims to investigate the implementation of TQM within these construction projects. Additionally, five secondary objectives were established to further this investigation. Utilizing a quantitative research approach, data obtained from a semi-structured questionnaire survey was analyzed. The analysis was based on responses from 44 out of 50 questionnaires distributed. Implications: The practical implication of this study lies in identifying the implementation of TQM among Governmental Implementing Agents, particularly within the Eastern Cape Department of Public Works, and understanding the challenges they encounter. The theoretical implications encompass contributing to existing studies that validate quality comprehensively within ECDPW construction projects and suggesting ways they can effectively implement TQM across their processes. The research findings confirmed the challenges and difficulties experienced during the various phases—pre-construction, construction, and post-construction—of projects managed by the Eastern Cape’s Department of Public Works. It was evident that Total Quality Management lacks robust implementation within ECDPW construction projects, directly impacting project quality and the effective execution of quality management systems. A key limitation of this study is the absence of data collection on the professional backgrounds and years of experience of the study participants. During pilot testing, it was found more suitable to identify job roles rather than professional backgrounds. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Technology, School of Built Environment and Civil Engineering, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Translanguaging as pedagogical practice in high-school examination question papers: a South African case study
- Authors: Matikinca, Uviwe
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Sociolinguistics -- Research , Structural linguistics -- Research , Applied linguistics
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63248 , vital:73241
- Description: This study explores sociolinguistic practices such as translanguaging, in which “diglossia is presumably allowed without isolation and bilinguals’ linguistic resources are viewed as an integrated system.” While bilinguals select and deploy particular features from their linguistic repertoires for meaning-making, translanguaging is widely used by teachers and students in multilingual classroom settings, as guided by the Personnel Administrative Measures (PAM). Translanguaging also provides a path for students to bring in and use their linguistic repertoires to produce the required learning outcomes, perform their identities and facilitate language development. Thus, this study is based on the view, subscribed to in contemporary sociolinguistics, that monoglossic language ideology is embedded in modes of oppression steeped in neoliberal, colonial and linguistic purist forms”. The purpose of the study was to make a case for the implementation of translanguaging in the written assessment of isiXhosa/English bilingual high-school learners in the Eastern Cape. The study employed a qualitative approach in the form of document analysis, whereby the researcher used selected Grade 12 question papers to find out how often translanguaging occurred. This was done by illustrating how examiners are moving past forms of linguistic purism when setting papers. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Language, Media and Communication, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Matikinca, Uviwe
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Sociolinguistics -- Research , Structural linguistics -- Research , Applied linguistics
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63248 , vital:73241
- Description: This study explores sociolinguistic practices such as translanguaging, in which “diglossia is presumably allowed without isolation and bilinguals’ linguistic resources are viewed as an integrated system.” While bilinguals select and deploy particular features from their linguistic repertoires for meaning-making, translanguaging is widely used by teachers and students in multilingual classroom settings, as guided by the Personnel Administrative Measures (PAM). Translanguaging also provides a path for students to bring in and use their linguistic repertoires to produce the required learning outcomes, perform their identities and facilitate language development. Thus, this study is based on the view, subscribed to in contemporary sociolinguistics, that monoglossic language ideology is embedded in modes of oppression steeped in neoliberal, colonial and linguistic purist forms”. The purpose of the study was to make a case for the implementation of translanguaging in the written assessment of isiXhosa/English bilingual high-school learners in the Eastern Cape. The study employed a qualitative approach in the form of document analysis, whereby the researcher used selected Grade 12 question papers to find out how often translanguaging occurred. This was done by illustrating how examiners are moving past forms of linguistic purism when setting papers. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Language, Media and Communication, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Trophic ecology and breeding success of Brown Skuas (Catharacta antarctica)
- Authors: Walker, Tegan
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Birds -- Conservation , Birds -- Ecology , Birds -- Behavior -- Evolution
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64437 , vital:73710
- Description: Invasive species can impact island ecosystem processes by altering species interactions through direct competition for the same resources or by predation on insular species. Seabirds on sub-Antarctic islands are naïve to any new predators and are most at risk of local extirpation. Successful eradications of invasive mammals have yielded positive ecological responses from several seabird species. On sub-Antarctic Marion Island, populations of burrowing petrels, largely targeted by Feral Cats Felis catus, have indicated slow recovery despite the successful eradication of cats in the early 1990s. House Mice Mus musculus, have since proliferated on Marion Island, aided by a warmer climate, and are severely impacting several defenceless populations of burrowing petrels. In this thesis, I investigated the contemporary breeding productivity and diet of Brown Skuas Catharacta antarctica. At Marion Island, Brown Skua breeding productivity was associated to diet, which varied between years. Skuas feeding mostly on burrowing petrels exhibited higher breeding success than pairs mostly feeding on penguins. Higher contributions of burrowing petrels were seen in the contemporary diet of skuas compared to previous diet work. The importance of penguin prey compared to their 1980 and 2010/11 diet, was largely reduced during the 2021/22 and 2022/23 breeding seasons (53 and 51%, respectively) despite a historically high dependence on this prey (78% in 1980 and 67% in 2010/11). Penguin populations have been decreasing at the island and this may be reflected in the current skua diet. Breeding productivity was not influenced by the other factors tested, i.e. weather data (daily minimum, average and maximum air temperature; daily minimum, average, maximum wind speed; daily precipitation), distance to closest penguin colony, species of penguin or number of conspecifics in a 100 m radius around the nest. Brown Skuas breeding on Marion, Gough and Mayes islands were also used as biosamplers of burrowing petrels. These birds form a large part of the skua diet and are reflected in regurgitated skua pellets. Temporal comparisons for Marion Island indicated significant changes in burrowing petrel composition since the 1980s. Blue Petrels Halobaena caerulea and Salvin’s Prions Pachyptila salvini remained the highest contributors of skua pellets, but their proportions differed with three-fold increase in Blue Petrel and 25% decrease in Salvin’s Prion remains compared to previous studies. Further, my study indicated that smaller species of burrowing petrels such as the storm-petrels and diving petrels may be returning to Marion Island, 30 years after the eradication of cats. Pellet analyses at Marion, Gough and Mayes islands also indicated that skua diet may underrepresent larger species of petrels and soft-bodied prey. Despite these limitations, skua diet can indicate the presence of burrowing petrels during summer months, more so at Marion and Mayes islands than Gough Island, where pellet collection is difficult due to dense vegetation. Prey remains, such as wings in middens, may be a more appropriate method to investigate skua diet at Gough Island. Dominant burrowing petrels indicated by pellets at each island generally reflected the most abundant breeding species; Blue Petrels and Salvin’s Prions at Marion Island, Great Shearwaters Puffinus gravis and prion Pachyptila spp. at Gough Island, and Blue Petrels and Slender-billed Prions Pachyptila belcheri at Mayes Island. Pellets provide a non-invasive method for studying species of burrowing petrels that are challenging to monitor. This method is appropriate for studies conducted during summer months, while other studies (e.g., observations, camera traps, acoustic recordings and genetics) may be more reflective of the presence of burrowing species that breed in winter or could be used in combination with skua pellets during summer months. Population monitoring is an important part of conservation as it provides insights into population change. This thesis adds to the baseline data in terms of breeding productivity and updated trophic ecology of Brown Skuas, which will be used to inform the recovery of burrowing petrels once mice have been eradicated from Marion Island. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Walker, Tegan
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Birds -- Conservation , Birds -- Ecology , Birds -- Behavior -- Evolution
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64437 , vital:73710
- Description: Invasive species can impact island ecosystem processes by altering species interactions through direct competition for the same resources or by predation on insular species. Seabirds on sub-Antarctic islands are naïve to any new predators and are most at risk of local extirpation. Successful eradications of invasive mammals have yielded positive ecological responses from several seabird species. On sub-Antarctic Marion Island, populations of burrowing petrels, largely targeted by Feral Cats Felis catus, have indicated slow recovery despite the successful eradication of cats in the early 1990s. House Mice Mus musculus, have since proliferated on Marion Island, aided by a warmer climate, and are severely impacting several defenceless populations of burrowing petrels. In this thesis, I investigated the contemporary breeding productivity and diet of Brown Skuas Catharacta antarctica. At Marion Island, Brown Skua breeding productivity was associated to diet, which varied between years. Skuas feeding mostly on burrowing petrels exhibited higher breeding success than pairs mostly feeding on penguins. Higher contributions of burrowing petrels were seen in the contemporary diet of skuas compared to previous diet work. The importance of penguin prey compared to their 1980 and 2010/11 diet, was largely reduced during the 2021/22 and 2022/23 breeding seasons (53 and 51%, respectively) despite a historically high dependence on this prey (78% in 1980 and 67% in 2010/11). Penguin populations have been decreasing at the island and this may be reflected in the current skua diet. Breeding productivity was not influenced by the other factors tested, i.e. weather data (daily minimum, average and maximum air temperature; daily minimum, average, maximum wind speed; daily precipitation), distance to closest penguin colony, species of penguin or number of conspecifics in a 100 m radius around the nest. Brown Skuas breeding on Marion, Gough and Mayes islands were also used as biosamplers of burrowing petrels. These birds form a large part of the skua diet and are reflected in regurgitated skua pellets. Temporal comparisons for Marion Island indicated significant changes in burrowing petrel composition since the 1980s. Blue Petrels Halobaena caerulea and Salvin’s Prions Pachyptila salvini remained the highest contributors of skua pellets, but their proportions differed with three-fold increase in Blue Petrel and 25% decrease in Salvin’s Prion remains compared to previous studies. Further, my study indicated that smaller species of burrowing petrels such as the storm-petrels and diving petrels may be returning to Marion Island, 30 years after the eradication of cats. Pellet analyses at Marion, Gough and Mayes islands also indicated that skua diet may underrepresent larger species of petrels and soft-bodied prey. Despite these limitations, skua diet can indicate the presence of burrowing petrels during summer months, more so at Marion and Mayes islands than Gough Island, where pellet collection is difficult due to dense vegetation. Prey remains, such as wings in middens, may be a more appropriate method to investigate skua diet at Gough Island. Dominant burrowing petrels indicated by pellets at each island generally reflected the most abundant breeding species; Blue Petrels and Salvin’s Prions at Marion Island, Great Shearwaters Puffinus gravis and prion Pachyptila spp. at Gough Island, and Blue Petrels and Slender-billed Prions Pachyptila belcheri at Mayes Island. Pellets provide a non-invasive method for studying species of burrowing petrels that are challenging to monitor. This method is appropriate for studies conducted during summer months, while other studies (e.g., observations, camera traps, acoustic recordings and genetics) may be more reflective of the presence of burrowing species that breed in winter or could be used in combination with skua pellets during summer months. Population monitoring is an important part of conservation as it provides insights into population change. This thesis adds to the baseline data in terms of breeding productivity and updated trophic ecology of Brown Skuas, which will be used to inform the recovery of burrowing petrels once mice have been eradicated from Marion Island. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Ukuphononongwa kokushiywa nokubuyelwa ziinkumbulo kwababhali abachongiweyo kwiincwadi zeothobhayografi KaMtuze nomagona
- Authors: Stemela, Nozuko Precious
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Mtuze, Peter Tshobiso , Xhosa literature -- History and criticism , Authors, Xhosa -- Biography
- Language: Xhosa
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63529 , vital:73385
- Description: Olu phando lugxile ekuphononongeni ukukhumbula nokulibala kwii-othobhayografi ezibhaliweyo ekaMagona (1995) noMtuze (1976). Ii-othobhayografi eziza kusetyenziswa luphando zithi: Indlel’ Ebhek’ Enkundleni ngokukaPeter Mtuze (1976) nethi, Kubantwana Babantwana Bam ngokukaSindiwe Magona (1995). Xa kusenziwa uphando kuza kuhlalutywa amanqanaba okukhumbula nokulibala ukusukela ebuntwaneni ukuya kutsho ebudaleni kubabhali bee-othobhayografi. Uhlalutyo luza kube lugxininise ekujongeni iinkumbulo zababhali, luhamba nabo ngokwamanqanaba okukhula kwabo, amanqanaba okukhumbula nokulibala njengoko bekhula. Uphando luza kungqiyama ngengcingane yokukhumbula nokulibala eyasungulwa nguEbbinghaus (1885) kuphando lwakhe awayelwenza. Iinjongo zikaEbbinghaus ongumsunguli wengcingane zokuzisa ulwazi ngengcingane yokukhumbula nokulibala kukubonisa indlela ukulibala okwenzeka ngayo. UEbbinghaus uye wasebenzisa ikhevu yokulibala ukuvelisa banzi ingcingane. Lo msunguli wale ngcingane yokukhumbula nokulibala uthi, le khevu yokulibala ibonisa ukwehla kwezinga lokukhumbula okanye iqondo lokukhumbula xa luthe ulwazi lwalahleka ngenxa yokungenziwa kwamatiletile okulugcina nokukhunjulwa ngumninilo. Oku uEbbinghaus (1885) ukucacisa kwincwadi yakhe ethi Memory (1850-1909). Uphando njengokuba lubandakanya okwenzeka kwingqondo luza kube lukhatshwa yingcingane yokuqonda. Ingcingane yokuqonda yingcingane enkulu nengcingane ethe yajongwa kakhulu ziingcali ezininzi, ikwaphuhliswa ziingcaphephe ezininzi nezifundiswa. Uphando lukhethe ukuvelisa uEbbinghaus ukubonisa ingcingane yokukhumbula nokulibala, kodwa yona iphefumlelwe ziingcaphephe ezininzi mandulo. NgokukaGuyer (1998:1) enye yeengcaphephe abhale ngayo ethetha ngengcingane yokukhumbula nokuqonda nguKant (1724-1804) owaziwa ngomsebenzi wakhe othi: The Critique of Pure Reason. Lo msebenzi ucatshulwe apha kulapho uKant (1724-1804) athetha ngendlela yokuqonda ulwazi nokuzisa izizathu. Emva koko iingcali ezininzi ziye zaqhuba nengcingane yokuqonda ukuza kuthi ga kule mihla. Oku kuquka ingcali uChart (2017) obhale ngengcinane yokuqonda ngokwale mihla. Uphando luza kuvelisa ingcingane yesini njengengcingane ekhaphayo. Ingcingane yesini iza kusetyenziselwa ukuthelekiswa kwababhali bee-othobhayografi kujongwa indlela yokukhumbula nokulibala kugudlwe isini. Ngonyaka we-1955 uMoney (1955) waye wapapasha iphepha kunye nabo asebenza nabo kwiSebe lezeNgqondo uJoan G. Hampson nomyeni wakhe uJohn L. Hampson apho babeqala ukwazisa ngenkquleqhu yendima yesini besithi: Zonke izinto azithethayo okanye azenzayo umntu ukuze azichaze njengenkwenkwe okanye indoda, intombazana okanye ibhinqa, ngokulandelelanayo, zibizwa ngokuba ziindima zesini. Kulapho uMoney (1955) wathi wasungula khona le ngcingane yesini eza kuthi ithathe inxaxheba kolu phando ngokubonisa ukukhumbula nokulibala kwisini. Olu phando luza kuthi lwenziwe ngohlobo olubizwa ngokuba yintyilazwi. Intyilazwi ilunge kakhulu kolu hlobo lophando kuba luphando olufundisayo njengokuba luvelisa unobangela wokukhumbula nezizathu zokulibala. Intyilazwi iyagqitha ize ijonge amava ababhali, indlela abazicacise ngayo iinkumbulo zabo nendlela abazibhale ngayo iiothobhayografi zabo bechaza iziganeko zokukhula kwabo. Olu hlobo luza kube lungajongi zigrafu okanye manani kodwa lujonga kakhulu indlela yokuhlalutya oko kubhaliweyo. Iincwadi ezisetyenziswa kuphando ziza kushwankathelwa zibuye zihlalutywe ngokwendlela yokuhlola iziganeko zokukhumbula nokulibala kwababhali. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Langauge, Media and Communication, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Stemela, Nozuko Precious
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Mtuze, Peter Tshobiso , Xhosa literature -- History and criticism , Authors, Xhosa -- Biography
- Language: Xhosa
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63529 , vital:73385
- Description: Olu phando lugxile ekuphononongeni ukukhumbula nokulibala kwii-othobhayografi ezibhaliweyo ekaMagona (1995) noMtuze (1976). Ii-othobhayografi eziza kusetyenziswa luphando zithi: Indlel’ Ebhek’ Enkundleni ngokukaPeter Mtuze (1976) nethi, Kubantwana Babantwana Bam ngokukaSindiwe Magona (1995). Xa kusenziwa uphando kuza kuhlalutywa amanqanaba okukhumbula nokulibala ukusukela ebuntwaneni ukuya kutsho ebudaleni kubabhali bee-othobhayografi. Uhlalutyo luza kube lugxininise ekujongeni iinkumbulo zababhali, luhamba nabo ngokwamanqanaba okukhula kwabo, amanqanaba okukhumbula nokulibala njengoko bekhula. Uphando luza kungqiyama ngengcingane yokukhumbula nokulibala eyasungulwa nguEbbinghaus (1885) kuphando lwakhe awayelwenza. Iinjongo zikaEbbinghaus ongumsunguli wengcingane zokuzisa ulwazi ngengcingane yokukhumbula nokulibala kukubonisa indlela ukulibala okwenzeka ngayo. UEbbinghaus uye wasebenzisa ikhevu yokulibala ukuvelisa banzi ingcingane. Lo msunguli wale ngcingane yokukhumbula nokulibala uthi, le khevu yokulibala ibonisa ukwehla kwezinga lokukhumbula okanye iqondo lokukhumbula xa luthe ulwazi lwalahleka ngenxa yokungenziwa kwamatiletile okulugcina nokukhunjulwa ngumninilo. Oku uEbbinghaus (1885) ukucacisa kwincwadi yakhe ethi Memory (1850-1909). Uphando njengokuba lubandakanya okwenzeka kwingqondo luza kube lukhatshwa yingcingane yokuqonda. Ingcingane yokuqonda yingcingane enkulu nengcingane ethe yajongwa kakhulu ziingcali ezininzi, ikwaphuhliswa ziingcaphephe ezininzi nezifundiswa. Uphando lukhethe ukuvelisa uEbbinghaus ukubonisa ingcingane yokukhumbula nokulibala, kodwa yona iphefumlelwe ziingcaphephe ezininzi mandulo. NgokukaGuyer (1998:1) enye yeengcaphephe abhale ngayo ethetha ngengcingane yokukhumbula nokuqonda nguKant (1724-1804) owaziwa ngomsebenzi wakhe othi: The Critique of Pure Reason. Lo msebenzi ucatshulwe apha kulapho uKant (1724-1804) athetha ngendlela yokuqonda ulwazi nokuzisa izizathu. Emva koko iingcali ezininzi ziye zaqhuba nengcingane yokuqonda ukuza kuthi ga kule mihla. Oku kuquka ingcali uChart (2017) obhale ngengcinane yokuqonda ngokwale mihla. Uphando luza kuvelisa ingcingane yesini njengengcingane ekhaphayo. Ingcingane yesini iza kusetyenziselwa ukuthelekiswa kwababhali bee-othobhayografi kujongwa indlela yokukhumbula nokulibala kugudlwe isini. Ngonyaka we-1955 uMoney (1955) waye wapapasha iphepha kunye nabo asebenza nabo kwiSebe lezeNgqondo uJoan G. Hampson nomyeni wakhe uJohn L. Hampson apho babeqala ukwazisa ngenkquleqhu yendima yesini besithi: Zonke izinto azithethayo okanye azenzayo umntu ukuze azichaze njengenkwenkwe okanye indoda, intombazana okanye ibhinqa, ngokulandelelanayo, zibizwa ngokuba ziindima zesini. Kulapho uMoney (1955) wathi wasungula khona le ngcingane yesini eza kuthi ithathe inxaxheba kolu phando ngokubonisa ukukhumbula nokulibala kwisini. Olu phando luza kuthi lwenziwe ngohlobo olubizwa ngokuba yintyilazwi. Intyilazwi ilunge kakhulu kolu hlobo lophando kuba luphando olufundisayo njengokuba luvelisa unobangela wokukhumbula nezizathu zokulibala. Intyilazwi iyagqitha ize ijonge amava ababhali, indlela abazicacise ngayo iinkumbulo zabo nendlela abazibhale ngayo iiothobhayografi zabo bechaza iziganeko zokukhula kwabo. Olu hlobo luza kube lungajongi zigrafu okanye manani kodwa lujonga kakhulu indlela yokuhlalutya oko kubhaliweyo. Iincwadi ezisetyenziswa kuphando ziza kushwankathelwa zibuye zihlalutywe ngokwendlela yokuhlola iziganeko zokukhumbula nokulibala kwababhali. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Langauge, Media and Communication, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Uphando ngenxaxheba yemithombo yosasazo ekwakheni nasekuqambeni isigama esitsha: lugxile kunomathotholo, uMhlobo Wenene kwinkqubo iBreakfast eyondlayo ekuseni
- Authors: Ntlantsana, Likona
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Sociolinguistics -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Language and languages—Phonetic transcriptions , Xhosa language--Grammar
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63451 , vital:73367
- Description: Olu phando luhlola amandla emithombo yosasazo ekwakheni nasekuqambeni isigama. Lukwenze oku ngokuphanda ngendlela abantu abawabona ngayo amagama amatsha esiXhosa aveliswe kunomathotholo, Umhlobo Wenene kwinkqubo iBreakfast Eyondlayo Ekuseni. Esi sifundo sikhangela ukwamkeleka kwala magama kuluntu. Oku kwenziwe ngokuthi kwenziwe udliwanondlebe lobuso ngobuso leqela elingqalileyo oluthe ngqo nabasasazi kunye nabaphulaphuli.Uphando lungqiyame lwaqamela ngendlela yophando edibanisa uphando olujolise kumanani nobalo kunye nophando olujolise kwinkcazo nakubunjani. Olu phando lwenziwe kwiidolophu ezimbini, iTsomo neGqeberha. Zombini ezi dolophu zikwiphondo leMpuma Koloni, eMzantsi Afrika apho abahlali abaninzi bathetha isiXhosa. ITsomo yidolophu esemaphandleni enezinga eliphantsi labantu abathetha ezinye iilwimi ngaphandle kwesiXhosa. Ngoko ke isiXhosa lolona lwimi lutshilayo eTsomo. EGqeberha kulapho Umhlobo Wenene ukhoyo. Ukusebenzisa abantu abasuka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kuveza iimbono ezahlukileyo ezithe zanceda ukuphendula iinjongo zolu phando. Injongo yolu phando kukukhangela inxaxheba yonomathotholo, Umhlobo Wenene ekukhuliseni ulwimi lwesiXhosa lugxile kwinkqubo iBreakfast Eyondlayo Ekuseni (BEE). Uphando luza kujolisa kumagama aveliswe kunomathotholo, Umhlobo Wenene kwinkqubo iBreakfast Eyondlayo Ekuseni. Iziphumo zophando kufikelelwe kuzo ngokuthi kuthelekiswe iimpendulo zabo kuvele isisombululo sengxaki yophando kuzo. Oku kuthe kwanceda ukuphendula umbuzo wophando ofuna ukuqonda ukuba ingaba unomthotholo, Umhlobo Wenene kwinkqubo iBreakfast Eyondlayo Ekuseni udlala inxaxheba ekhukhuliseni ulwimi lwesiXhosa? Kuyabonakala okokuba ngokwendlela asetyenziswa ngayo amagama aveliswe ngabasasazi kwinkqubo iBreakfast Eyondlayo Ekuseni abaphulaphuli bayawuvuyela kwaye bawaphindisela kubasasazi. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Language, Media and Communication, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Ntlantsana, Likona
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Sociolinguistics -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Language and languages—Phonetic transcriptions , Xhosa language--Grammar
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63451 , vital:73367
- Description: Olu phando luhlola amandla emithombo yosasazo ekwakheni nasekuqambeni isigama. Lukwenze oku ngokuphanda ngendlela abantu abawabona ngayo amagama amatsha esiXhosa aveliswe kunomathotholo, Umhlobo Wenene kwinkqubo iBreakfast Eyondlayo Ekuseni. Esi sifundo sikhangela ukwamkeleka kwala magama kuluntu. Oku kwenziwe ngokuthi kwenziwe udliwanondlebe lobuso ngobuso leqela elingqalileyo oluthe ngqo nabasasazi kunye nabaphulaphuli.Uphando lungqiyame lwaqamela ngendlela yophando edibanisa uphando olujolise kumanani nobalo kunye nophando olujolise kwinkcazo nakubunjani. Olu phando lwenziwe kwiidolophu ezimbini, iTsomo neGqeberha. Zombini ezi dolophu zikwiphondo leMpuma Koloni, eMzantsi Afrika apho abahlali abaninzi bathetha isiXhosa. ITsomo yidolophu esemaphandleni enezinga eliphantsi labantu abathetha ezinye iilwimi ngaphandle kwesiXhosa. Ngoko ke isiXhosa lolona lwimi lutshilayo eTsomo. EGqeberha kulapho Umhlobo Wenene ukhoyo. Ukusebenzisa abantu abasuka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kuveza iimbono ezahlukileyo ezithe zanceda ukuphendula iinjongo zolu phando. Injongo yolu phando kukukhangela inxaxheba yonomathotholo, Umhlobo Wenene ekukhuliseni ulwimi lwesiXhosa lugxile kwinkqubo iBreakfast Eyondlayo Ekuseni (BEE). Uphando luza kujolisa kumagama aveliswe kunomathotholo, Umhlobo Wenene kwinkqubo iBreakfast Eyondlayo Ekuseni. Iziphumo zophando kufikelelwe kuzo ngokuthi kuthelekiswe iimpendulo zabo kuvele isisombululo sengxaki yophando kuzo. Oku kuthe kwanceda ukuphendula umbuzo wophando ofuna ukuqonda ukuba ingaba unomthotholo, Umhlobo Wenene kwinkqubo iBreakfast Eyondlayo Ekuseni udlala inxaxheba ekhukhuliseni ulwimi lwesiXhosa? Kuyabonakala okokuba ngokwendlela asetyenziswa ngayo amagama aveliswe ngabasasazi kwinkqubo iBreakfast Eyondlayo Ekuseni abaphulaphuli bayawuvuyela kwaye bawaphindisela kubasasazi. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Language, Media and Communication, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Using Building Information Modelling to initiate criticality to promote built environment student collaboration at the Nelson Mandela University
- Authors: Basson, Jean-Pierre
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Building information modeling -- South Africa , Architectural design -- Computer simulation , Buildings -- Computer-aided design
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64470 , vital:73736
- Description: Architectural, engineering, and construction education is fragmented, and there is no collaboration between disciplines during an architectural design project in the design studio. There is a lack of co-creation of knowledge in an interdisciplinary collaborative environment where students use critical reasoning, self-reflection, and critical action, essential skills required to become 21st century global citizens. Therefore, students from the built environment are being prepared contrary to the highly collaborative nature of the industry they are entering upon graduation. The purpose of this study is thus to determine whether adopting a digital interdisciplinary collaborative Building Information Modelling (BIM) environment in which architectural design projects promote criticality in undergraduate exit-level students. A cohort comparison study was used as a method to collect qualitative data. The 2022 cohort used the traditional design process, whereas the 2023 cohort used the BIM process, which supported interdisciplinary collaboration. Both cohorts engaged in a project and student narrative self-reflection essay. Fourteen students from the 2022 and 2023 cohorts participated in the study. The work was analysed using three cycles of coding. The first cycle focused on linguistic acts, followed by the second cycle that looked for evidence of critical reasoning, self-reflection, and action. The third cycle was based on the Habersian validity claims of truth, comprehension, and sincerity. The work of both cohorts was analysed, and findings included the following: relationships; information; emotional reasoning, and digital environment. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that the BIM process as teaching strategy promotes a higher level of criticality in students than the traditional design process. In conclusion, this research not only contributes to promoting criticality improvement in students but also enriches the existing body of knowledge relative to BIM adoption in AEC education. Moreover, it offers practical guidance for educators to assess and enhance students' critical thinking skills, ultimately advancing the field of interdisciplinary education in the digital era. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, School of Built Environment and Civil Engineering, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Basson, Jean-Pierre
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Building information modeling -- South Africa , Architectural design -- Computer simulation , Buildings -- Computer-aided design
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64470 , vital:73736
- Description: Architectural, engineering, and construction education is fragmented, and there is no collaboration between disciplines during an architectural design project in the design studio. There is a lack of co-creation of knowledge in an interdisciplinary collaborative environment where students use critical reasoning, self-reflection, and critical action, essential skills required to become 21st century global citizens. Therefore, students from the built environment are being prepared contrary to the highly collaborative nature of the industry they are entering upon graduation. The purpose of this study is thus to determine whether adopting a digital interdisciplinary collaborative Building Information Modelling (BIM) environment in which architectural design projects promote criticality in undergraduate exit-level students. A cohort comparison study was used as a method to collect qualitative data. The 2022 cohort used the traditional design process, whereas the 2023 cohort used the BIM process, which supported interdisciplinary collaboration. Both cohorts engaged in a project and student narrative self-reflection essay. Fourteen students from the 2022 and 2023 cohorts participated in the study. The work was analysed using three cycles of coding. The first cycle focused on linguistic acts, followed by the second cycle that looked for evidence of critical reasoning, self-reflection, and action. The third cycle was based on the Habersian validity claims of truth, comprehension, and sincerity. The work of both cohorts was analysed, and findings included the following: relationships; information; emotional reasoning, and digital environment. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that the BIM process as teaching strategy promotes a higher level of criticality in students than the traditional design process. In conclusion, this research not only contributes to promoting criticality improvement in students but also enriches the existing body of knowledge relative to BIM adoption in AEC education. Moreover, it offers practical guidance for educators to assess and enhance students' critical thinking skills, ultimately advancing the field of interdisciplinary education in the digital era. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, School of Built Environment and Civil Engineering, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Value management in government construction projects in South Africa
- Mngeni- Nobala, Thandokazi Yvonne
- Authors: Mngeni- Nobala, Thandokazi Yvonne
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Construction projects -- Management , Project management -- South Africa , Construction industry -- South Africa , Value analysis (Cost control)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64673 , vital:73845
- Description: The public sector construction industry aims to deliver infrastructure services to its client satisfactorily. However, the public sector is notorious for delivering projects that are over budget, finish years behind schedule, and are of poor quality. Value management is one way to address these challenges. This research aimed to examine the level of awareness and implementation of value management within the public sector and the benefits thereof. In this qualitative study, interviews were employed to gain insight into the level of awareness of value management within the public sector department in the Eastern Cape. A total of ten professionals in the public sector working for the Department of Public Works were purposively selected to be interviewed and the secondary data was sought through document analysis . The data was thematically analysed. The South African government requires a strategic change that will help improve awareness of value management in government infrastructure projects in South Africa which will pave the way for the full implementation of VM. The study found that the obstacle to adopting value management for public projects was the lack of knowledge and practice of value management. It was also found that the respondents were keen to implement value management and saw it as part of an important step in the planning stage of a project as it would save the department time and money. In order to improve the performance of construction projects, there is a need to adopt innovative ideas and solutions that will work for South African construction industry. Value management is one way to improve the performance of construction projects. VM should be considered at a strategic level in public sector departments to improve its applicability to meet client’s objectives. The major goal of the VM is to ensure that projects are delivered to the best function at the lowest total life cost achievable. The satisfaction of clients is a key factor of construction project success. Value Management strives to address problems which may arise such as budgetary constraints trying to decrease unnecessary costs towards the project but without causing changes to quality of the finished product. Value management is believed to be a cost-cutting exercise as perceived by many but the most importantly it focuses on function of an element or project. This means that the project is procured at the lowest possible cost by utilizing multiple cost control mechanisms without compromising the project's value and function. Value management has proven to be a practical management strategy for improving value for money, creating a better focus on project objectives, working toward more effective design, and identifying wasteful expenses due to unneeded design, material, labor, and machine. To optimise the usage of value management and to improve project performance, there is a need to adopt new concepts like value management that will work for the South African construction sector. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, School of Built Environment and Civil Engineering, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Mngeni- Nobala, Thandokazi Yvonne
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Construction projects -- Management , Project management -- South Africa , Construction industry -- South Africa , Value analysis (Cost control)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64673 , vital:73845
- Description: The public sector construction industry aims to deliver infrastructure services to its client satisfactorily. However, the public sector is notorious for delivering projects that are over budget, finish years behind schedule, and are of poor quality. Value management is one way to address these challenges. This research aimed to examine the level of awareness and implementation of value management within the public sector and the benefits thereof. In this qualitative study, interviews were employed to gain insight into the level of awareness of value management within the public sector department in the Eastern Cape. A total of ten professionals in the public sector working for the Department of Public Works were purposively selected to be interviewed and the secondary data was sought through document analysis . The data was thematically analysed. The South African government requires a strategic change that will help improve awareness of value management in government infrastructure projects in South Africa which will pave the way for the full implementation of VM. The study found that the obstacle to adopting value management for public projects was the lack of knowledge and practice of value management. It was also found that the respondents were keen to implement value management and saw it as part of an important step in the planning stage of a project as it would save the department time and money. In order to improve the performance of construction projects, there is a need to adopt innovative ideas and solutions that will work for South African construction industry. Value management is one way to improve the performance of construction projects. VM should be considered at a strategic level in public sector departments to improve its applicability to meet client’s objectives. The major goal of the VM is to ensure that projects are delivered to the best function at the lowest total life cost achievable. The satisfaction of clients is a key factor of construction project success. Value Management strives to address problems which may arise such as budgetary constraints trying to decrease unnecessary costs towards the project but without causing changes to quality of the finished product. Value management is believed to be a cost-cutting exercise as perceived by many but the most importantly it focuses on function of an element or project. This means that the project is procured at the lowest possible cost by utilizing multiple cost control mechanisms without compromising the project's value and function. Value management has proven to be a practical management strategy for improving value for money, creating a better focus on project objectives, working toward more effective design, and identifying wasteful expenses due to unneeded design, material, labor, and machine. To optimise the usage of value management and to improve project performance, there is a need to adopt new concepts like value management that will work for the South African construction sector. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, School of Built Environment and Civil Engineering, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Youth participation in sports: Reconsidering the lost culture of Indigenous games in Libode, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Zide, Lumka
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Indigenous peoples -- Sports , Indigenous peoples -- Social life and customs , Minorities in sports
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63595 , vital:73506
- Description: This research focused on the Youth Participation in Sports: Reconsidering the Lost Culture of Indigenous Games in Libode, Eastern Cape. The study aimed to investigate the challenges facing indigenous games in Libode; to contribute within the anthropology of sport with specific reference to Libode in the Eastern Cape Province and to come up with recommendations with the view of addressing some of the challenges facing indigenous games in Libode. The study employed a qualitative approach and used interviews, questionnaires, observations, and participant observations as data collection methods. Data analysis was done through thematic data analysis. Cultural preservation was used as a conceptual framework for this study to understand the view of the participants in Libode. Furthermore, the literature that was reviewed in this research was based particularly on indigenous games to provide in-depth understanding the issues of indigenous games extinction as well to critique other authors who have written about indigenous games and their challenges. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Governmental and Social Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Zide, Lumka
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Indigenous peoples -- Sports , Indigenous peoples -- Social life and customs , Minorities in sports
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63595 , vital:73506
- Description: This research focused on the Youth Participation in Sports: Reconsidering the Lost Culture of Indigenous Games in Libode, Eastern Cape. The study aimed to investigate the challenges facing indigenous games in Libode; to contribute within the anthropology of sport with specific reference to Libode in the Eastern Cape Province and to come up with recommendations with the view of addressing some of the challenges facing indigenous games in Libode. The study employed a qualitative approach and used interviews, questionnaires, observations, and participant observations as data collection methods. Data analysis was done through thematic data analysis. Cultural preservation was used as a conceptual framework for this study to understand the view of the participants in Libode. Furthermore, the literature that was reviewed in this research was based particularly on indigenous games to provide in-depth understanding the issues of indigenous games extinction as well to critique other authors who have written about indigenous games and their challenges. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Governmental and Social Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
'N polisistemiese ondersoek na die poësie van instagram-digters
- Authors: De Wat Jane
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Prosodic analysis (Linguistics) , Poetry
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63265 , vital:73242
- Description: Die doel van hierdie studie is om die opkoms van Afrikaanse Instagrampoësie en die literêre en sosiale status daarvan te ondersoek met spesifieke verwysing na die volgende Afrikaanse aanlyn digters en hul selfpublikasies: Skakerings van geel (@skildermetdigkuns) en Alles wat ek wou sê (@ontmasker), sowel as die sogenaamde Rupi Kaur van Afrikaanse Instagrampoësie, (@kaalwoorde), se digbundel Kosmos en komete wat onlangs deur LAPA Uitgewers gepubliseer is. Daar word ondersoek ingestel na die manier waarop die metamodernistiese konteks waarbinne digitale of e-letterkunde ontwikkel het, in dié skryfstyl manifesteer. In my ondersoek fokus ek op metamodernisme eerder as postmodernisme, omdat metamodernisme groter klem op die waarheid en die objektiewe realiteit plaas, wat ʼn opvallende tema in die werk van die gekose digters is. Die impak van aanlyn poësie op die identiteit en voorstelling van die Zoomer-generasie (individue wat ná 1996 gebore is, andersins bekend as generasie Z) word nagespeur ten einde die impak van hierdie poësie op die gemiddelde Afrikaanse Zoomer-leser te bepaal. Verskeie vrae rakende die posisie van Instagrampoësie binne die Afrikaanse literêre diskoers en kanon word ook onder die loep geneem. Die analise en interpretasie van die gedigte is daarop gemik om die literêre status van hierdie gedigte te ondersoek op grond van skryfpatrone, die evolusie daarvan en die gewildheid wat gemeet word in terme van followers (voortaan volgelinge), likes (voortaan bekend as voorkeure) en comments (voortaan kommentaar).1 Daar is bewys dat die metamodernistiese konteks (wat breedvoerig in die studie gekonseptualiseer en in terme van Suid-Afrika gekontekstualiseer word) waarin hierdie gedigte geformuleer en versprei is, ʼn beduidende invloed het op die toon en temas daarvan. Daar word getoon dat die tematiese stryd met kwessies soos identiteit, geloof en liefde in dié woordkuns verband hou met die sosiopolitieke konteks van die Zoomer-generasie. Hierdie metamodernistiese toestand word gekenmerk deur progressiewe denke, diversiteit en ʼn samelewing wat voortdurend verander. Die gevolgtrekking word gemaak dat Afrikaanse Instagrampoësie ʼn literêre diskoers skep met die doel om nuwe idees met betrekking tot die waarhede van ʼn generasie wat dikwels misverstaan en misgekyk word, voor te stel. Die vryheid van Instagrampoësie bied met ander woorde ʼn geleentheid vir Zoomer-denkers om hulle stempel binne ʼn metamoderne samelewing af te druk. Deur Even-Zohar se 1 Instagram-terme wat verwys na die hoeveelheid mense wat die digter volg, sy/haar/sig gedigte lees en dan ook daarop reageer op ʼn “hou van/hou nie van nie” glyskaal. 4 polisisteemteorie en die leser-reaksie-teorie by die ondersoek na die skep en ontvangs van aanlyn poësie te betrek, word aangetoon dat e-letterkunde wel ʼn plek binne die Afrikaanse literêre diskoers vind. Hoewel die skeppingsproses, publikasie en ontvangs van aanlyn poësie verskil van dié van ander literêre vorme, stel die studie hierdie vorm van poësie aan die Afrikaanse literêre diskoers en kanon bekend. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
- Authors: De Wat Jane
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Prosodic analysis (Linguistics) , Poetry
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63265 , vital:73242
- Description: Die doel van hierdie studie is om die opkoms van Afrikaanse Instagrampoësie en die literêre en sosiale status daarvan te ondersoek met spesifieke verwysing na die volgende Afrikaanse aanlyn digters en hul selfpublikasies: Skakerings van geel (@skildermetdigkuns) en Alles wat ek wou sê (@ontmasker), sowel as die sogenaamde Rupi Kaur van Afrikaanse Instagrampoësie, (@kaalwoorde), se digbundel Kosmos en komete wat onlangs deur LAPA Uitgewers gepubliseer is. Daar word ondersoek ingestel na die manier waarop die metamodernistiese konteks waarbinne digitale of e-letterkunde ontwikkel het, in dié skryfstyl manifesteer. In my ondersoek fokus ek op metamodernisme eerder as postmodernisme, omdat metamodernisme groter klem op die waarheid en die objektiewe realiteit plaas, wat ʼn opvallende tema in die werk van die gekose digters is. Die impak van aanlyn poësie op die identiteit en voorstelling van die Zoomer-generasie (individue wat ná 1996 gebore is, andersins bekend as generasie Z) word nagespeur ten einde die impak van hierdie poësie op die gemiddelde Afrikaanse Zoomer-leser te bepaal. Verskeie vrae rakende die posisie van Instagrampoësie binne die Afrikaanse literêre diskoers en kanon word ook onder die loep geneem. Die analise en interpretasie van die gedigte is daarop gemik om die literêre status van hierdie gedigte te ondersoek op grond van skryfpatrone, die evolusie daarvan en die gewildheid wat gemeet word in terme van followers (voortaan volgelinge), likes (voortaan bekend as voorkeure) en comments (voortaan kommentaar).1 Daar is bewys dat die metamodernistiese konteks (wat breedvoerig in die studie gekonseptualiseer en in terme van Suid-Afrika gekontekstualiseer word) waarin hierdie gedigte geformuleer en versprei is, ʼn beduidende invloed het op die toon en temas daarvan. Daar word getoon dat die tematiese stryd met kwessies soos identiteit, geloof en liefde in dié woordkuns verband hou met die sosiopolitieke konteks van die Zoomer-generasie. Hierdie metamodernistiese toestand word gekenmerk deur progressiewe denke, diversiteit en ʼn samelewing wat voortdurend verander. Die gevolgtrekking word gemaak dat Afrikaanse Instagrampoësie ʼn literêre diskoers skep met die doel om nuwe idees met betrekking tot die waarhede van ʼn generasie wat dikwels misverstaan en misgekyk word, voor te stel. Die vryheid van Instagrampoësie bied met ander woorde ʼn geleentheid vir Zoomer-denkers om hulle stempel binne ʼn metamoderne samelewing af te druk. Deur Even-Zohar se 1 Instagram-terme wat verwys na die hoeveelheid mense wat die digter volg, sy/haar/sig gedigte lees en dan ook daarop reageer op ʼn “hou van/hou nie van nie” glyskaal. 4 polisisteemteorie en die leser-reaksie-teorie by die ondersoek na die skep en ontvangs van aanlyn poësie te betrek, word aangetoon dat e-letterkunde wel ʼn plek binne die Afrikaanse literêre diskoers vind. Hoewel die skeppingsproses, publikasie en ontvangs van aanlyn poësie verskil van dié van ander literêre vorme, stel die studie hierdie vorm van poësie aan die Afrikaanse literêre diskoers en kanon bekend. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
A case study of how to implement continuous improvement initiatives
- Authors: Ntsoane, Makobe Collen
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Employee morale , Incentives in industry , Corporate culture
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/65902 , vital:74282
- Description: The aim of this study was to establish an understanding of the critical success factors of how to successfully implement and sustain continuous improvement projects at the Festive poultry processing plant using the 20 Keys continuous improvement (CI) tool. There are many continuous improvements in methodologies such as lean, 20 Keys , TQM and business process re-engineering. However, it has proven difficult for numerous businesses globally. Festive, a division of Astral Foods, a poultry processing plant, attempted to implement the 20 Keys , a continuous improvement methodology, and it was no exception as it was added to the list of unsuccessful companies. Because of the failed attempt to implement 20 Keys at Festive and many other manufacturing businesses, which attempted to introduce CI initiatives but ultimately failed, factors such as management support, training, rewards and recognition and organisational culture have been revealed by the literature review as contributors to continuous improvement initiatives’ successful or unsuccessful implementation. A case study methodology was applied in this study to understand the real-life context of the failed implementation of Continuous Improvement at Festive. Furthermore, it aimed to explore and explain complex causal links of training, rewards and recognition, organisational culture and management support which can positively impact the implementation of 20 Keys within the poultry processing industry or any manufacturing industry. A mixed method was followed through an online survey and in-depth interviews. The qualitative and quantitative data analysis results revealed that management support, training, rewards and recognition and organisational culture all were related and influenced continuous improvement implementation. Furthermore, companywide training, rewards and recognition proved to be the most significant challenge, resulting in the unsuccessful implementation of 20 Keys. The findings revealed that implementing continuous improvement is not immediate and entails all employees being adequately involved in the entire process from the start. The main finding at Festive was that when implementing the 20 Keys continuous , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business School, 2023 , The aim of this study was to establish an understanding of the critical success factors of how to successfully implement and sustain continuous improvement projects at the Festive poultry processing plant using the 20 Keys continuous improvement (CI) tool. There are many continuous improvements in methodologies such as lean, 20 Keys , TQM and business process re-engineering. However, it has proven difficult for numerous businesses globally. Festive, a division of Astral Foods, a poultry processing plant, attempted to implement the 20 Keys , a continuous improvement methodology, and it was no exception as it was added to the list of unsuccessful companies. Because of the failed attempt to implement 20 Keys at Festive and many other manufacturing businesses, which attempted to introduce CI initiatives but ultimately failed, factors such as management support, training, rewards and recognition and organisational culture have been revealed by the literature review as contributors to continuous improvement initiatives’ successful or unsuccessful implementation. A case study methodology was applied in this study to understand the real-life context of the failed implementation of Continuous Improvement at Festive. Furthermore, it aimed to explore and explain complex causal links of training, rewards and recognition, organisational culture and management support which can positively impact the implementation of 20 Keys within the poultry processing industry or any manufacturing industry. A mixed method was followed through an online survey and in-depth interviews. The qualitative and quantitative data analysis results revealed that management support, training, rewards and recognition and organisational culture all were related and influenced continuous improvement implementation. Furthermore, companywide training, rewards and recognition proved to be the most significant challenge, resulting in the unsuccessful implementation of 20 Keys. The findings revealed that implementing continuous improvement is not immediate and entails all employees being adequately involved in the entire process from the start. The main finding at Festive was that when implementing the 20 Keys continuous improvement tool, the training provided was inadequate and mainly focused on managers and not staff. Furthermore, the lack of a rewards and recognition strategy, linked to continuous improvement goals, contributed to resistance to change in the culture and an inability to adapt to change. Misalignment between managers and staff regarding what contributes to successful continuous improvement initiatives, such as training, management involvement and rewards and recognition, was also found to be a contributor to the unsuccessful implementation of continuous improvement.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
- Authors: Ntsoane, Makobe Collen
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Employee morale , Incentives in industry , Corporate culture
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/65902 , vital:74282
- Description: The aim of this study was to establish an understanding of the critical success factors of how to successfully implement and sustain continuous improvement projects at the Festive poultry processing plant using the 20 Keys continuous improvement (CI) tool. There are many continuous improvements in methodologies such as lean, 20 Keys , TQM and business process re-engineering. However, it has proven difficult for numerous businesses globally. Festive, a division of Astral Foods, a poultry processing plant, attempted to implement the 20 Keys , a continuous improvement methodology, and it was no exception as it was added to the list of unsuccessful companies. Because of the failed attempt to implement 20 Keys at Festive and many other manufacturing businesses, which attempted to introduce CI initiatives but ultimately failed, factors such as management support, training, rewards and recognition and organisational culture have been revealed by the literature review as contributors to continuous improvement initiatives’ successful or unsuccessful implementation. A case study methodology was applied in this study to understand the real-life context of the failed implementation of Continuous Improvement at Festive. Furthermore, it aimed to explore and explain complex causal links of training, rewards and recognition, organisational culture and management support which can positively impact the implementation of 20 Keys within the poultry processing industry or any manufacturing industry. A mixed method was followed through an online survey and in-depth interviews. The qualitative and quantitative data analysis results revealed that management support, training, rewards and recognition and organisational culture all were related and influenced continuous improvement implementation. Furthermore, companywide training, rewards and recognition proved to be the most significant challenge, resulting in the unsuccessful implementation of 20 Keys. The findings revealed that implementing continuous improvement is not immediate and entails all employees being adequately involved in the entire process from the start. The main finding at Festive was that when implementing the 20 Keys continuous , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business School, 2023 , The aim of this study was to establish an understanding of the critical success factors of how to successfully implement and sustain continuous improvement projects at the Festive poultry processing plant using the 20 Keys continuous improvement (CI) tool. There are many continuous improvements in methodologies such as lean, 20 Keys , TQM and business process re-engineering. However, it has proven difficult for numerous businesses globally. Festive, a division of Astral Foods, a poultry processing plant, attempted to implement the 20 Keys , a continuous improvement methodology, and it was no exception as it was added to the list of unsuccessful companies. Because of the failed attempt to implement 20 Keys at Festive and many other manufacturing businesses, which attempted to introduce CI initiatives but ultimately failed, factors such as management support, training, rewards and recognition and organisational culture have been revealed by the literature review as contributors to continuous improvement initiatives’ successful or unsuccessful implementation. A case study methodology was applied in this study to understand the real-life context of the failed implementation of Continuous Improvement at Festive. Furthermore, it aimed to explore and explain complex causal links of training, rewards and recognition, organisational culture and management support which can positively impact the implementation of 20 Keys within the poultry processing industry or any manufacturing industry. A mixed method was followed through an online survey and in-depth interviews. The qualitative and quantitative data analysis results revealed that management support, training, rewards and recognition and organisational culture all were related and influenced continuous improvement implementation. Furthermore, companywide training, rewards and recognition proved to be the most significant challenge, resulting in the unsuccessful implementation of 20 Keys. The findings revealed that implementing continuous improvement is not immediate and entails all employees being adequately involved in the entire process from the start. The main finding at Festive was that when implementing the 20 Keys continuous improvement tool, the training provided was inadequate and mainly focused on managers and not staff. Furthermore, the lack of a rewards and recognition strategy, linked to continuous improvement goals, contributed to resistance to change in the culture and an inability to adapt to change. Misalignment between managers and staff regarding what contributes to successful continuous improvement initiatives, such as training, management involvement and rewards and recognition, was also found to be a contributor to the unsuccessful implementation of continuous improvement.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
A Combined Experimental and Computational Study of Hydridospirophosphorane Ligand Systems Featuring Halogenated Mandelic Acids
- Authors: Maritz, Marius Johann
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Organic compounds -- Synthesis , Heterocyclic compounds , catalysis -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/62096 , vital:71911
- Description: The search for new stereoselective catalysts remains important for the isolation of enantiomeric products from racemic mixtures. The need exists for these catalysts to be more efficient, to be more cost effective as well as be stable over time without undergoing changes in molecular structure and selectivity. The purpose of this research project was to experimentally synthesise and characterise asymmetric catalysts for the use in enantioselective synthesis. The catalysts consisted of the main group element phosphorous as central atom, with the phenyl rings of mandelic acid ligands monosubstituted with halogen atoms fluorine, chlorine and bromine in different configurations. Ligand binding resulted in the formation of hydridospirophosphorane structures, from which the molecular properties and binding geometry of these molecules could be explained by the theory of apicophilicity. Characterization was performed by NMR and IR spectroscopy as well as diffraction studies that provided the experimental crystal structures. The structural, energetic and spectroscopy results were compared to the theoretically obtained molecular properties using DFT analysis. Various interand intramolecular interactions that existed between molecules found in crystal packing environments were discussed. Additional properties that were investigated included modelling solvation effects, molecular orbital analysis, Hirshfeld surfaces, orbital and atomic energy and population analysis as well as ESP energy calculations with the optimized crystal structures as input. Molecular overlay comparisons were also performed between the experimental and optimized structures where the effectiveness of various DFT functionals and basis sets could be determined. The method with the best overall cost-to-accuracy ratio was found to be the triple-zeta def2-tzvp basis set with B3LYP functional theory and the addition of Grimme’s dispersion correction. Results indicated differences in crystal packing depending largely on the given halogen atoms present in the substituted phenyl rings, with differences observed in electronegativity and steric effects. One of the crystal systems showed additional interactions with solvent molecules, giving the impression that obtaining crystal void formation was possible. Alterations in the transition state activation energies between the isomers of each molecule were found to be present and supported the theory behind the mechanism of stereochemical induction. The studied compounds were therefore effective in isolating different enantiomeric ligands by means of energy differences between conformers and displayed unique catalytic properties resulting from the phosphorous main group element. The hydridospirophosphoranes conformers responsible for the lowest theoretically calculated activation energy induced crystallization as was seen by diffraction results for all compounds. Even as an intriguing observation, crystallization will largely depend on solubility rather than a specific conformer’s amount in solution. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
- Authors: Maritz, Marius Johann
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Organic compounds -- Synthesis , Heterocyclic compounds , catalysis -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/62096 , vital:71911
- Description: The search for new stereoselective catalysts remains important for the isolation of enantiomeric products from racemic mixtures. The need exists for these catalysts to be more efficient, to be more cost effective as well as be stable over time without undergoing changes in molecular structure and selectivity. The purpose of this research project was to experimentally synthesise and characterise asymmetric catalysts for the use in enantioselective synthesis. The catalysts consisted of the main group element phosphorous as central atom, with the phenyl rings of mandelic acid ligands monosubstituted with halogen atoms fluorine, chlorine and bromine in different configurations. Ligand binding resulted in the formation of hydridospirophosphorane structures, from which the molecular properties and binding geometry of these molecules could be explained by the theory of apicophilicity. Characterization was performed by NMR and IR spectroscopy as well as diffraction studies that provided the experimental crystal structures. The structural, energetic and spectroscopy results were compared to the theoretically obtained molecular properties using DFT analysis. Various interand intramolecular interactions that existed between molecules found in crystal packing environments were discussed. Additional properties that were investigated included modelling solvation effects, molecular orbital analysis, Hirshfeld surfaces, orbital and atomic energy and population analysis as well as ESP energy calculations with the optimized crystal structures as input. Molecular overlay comparisons were also performed between the experimental and optimized structures where the effectiveness of various DFT functionals and basis sets could be determined. The method with the best overall cost-to-accuracy ratio was found to be the triple-zeta def2-tzvp basis set with B3LYP functional theory and the addition of Grimme’s dispersion correction. Results indicated differences in crystal packing depending largely on the given halogen atoms present in the substituted phenyl rings, with differences observed in electronegativity and steric effects. One of the crystal systems showed additional interactions with solvent molecules, giving the impression that obtaining crystal void formation was possible. Alterations in the transition state activation energies between the isomers of each molecule were found to be present and supported the theory behind the mechanism of stereochemical induction. The studied compounds were therefore effective in isolating different enantiomeric ligands by means of energy differences between conformers and displayed unique catalytic properties resulting from the phosphorous main group element. The hydridospirophosphoranes conformers responsible for the lowest theoretically calculated activation energy induced crystallization as was seen by diffraction results for all compounds. Even as an intriguing observation, crystallization will largely depend on solubility rather than a specific conformer’s amount in solution. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
A digital transformation framework for municipalities in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Luke, Lamla Lonwabo Leadley
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Internet in public administration , Information technology -- Political aspects , Electronic government information
- Language: English
- Type: Master's thesis , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/62506 , vital:72779
- Description: Digital transformation (DT) integrates technology into all business areas, fundamentally changing how businesses operate and deliver value to their clients. It is also a cultural change that requires organisations to continually challenge the status quo, experiment and get comfortable with change. Smart Municipalities in South Africa have various challenges concerning integrating services and information flow among departments within the municipalities, thus preventing the creation of value for the citizens. The ongoing digital transformation revolutionises urban development and governance, offering opportunities for enhanced citizen services, resource optimisation, and sustainable growth. However, the complexity of implementing smart city initiatives demands a structured approach. Due to urbanisation, municipal management in developing nations must deal with issues like increased energy consumption, pollution, the disposal of toxic wastes, resource depletion, ineffective management of urban infrastructures, ineffective planning processes, overloaded transportation networks, endemic congestion, as well as social inequality and socioeconomic disparity. The extent of digital adoption in the South African province of the Eastern Cape has provided municipalities with a learning opportunity to change into data-driven Smart Municipalities in order to increase productivity, growth, employment, and the need for people with a variety of skills. This study required a review of the literature to examine digital transformation, Smart Municipalities, Smart Municipalities at national and international levels, and Smart Municipality models. The literature review also helped to create a Smart Municipality conceptual model. Data for this study were collected in four Eastern Cape municipalities, namely: DR. AB. Xuma, Enoch Mgijima, Intsika Yethu Local municipalities, and their critical stakeholder Chris Hani District Municipality. The population was all municipal workers, including Municipal Managers, Councillors, Executive Management, ICT officials, Unit Managers, Computer Users and other municipal employees who were using IT to do their job responsibilities within the municipalities. This research study followed a positivistic approach using quantitative methods of analysis. Accordingly, the conceptual model was hypothesised and tested using a questionnaire to collect data and the data were statistically analysed. The study followed a descriptive research designwith a quantitative approach. Various statistical analyses were conducted, including descriptive statistics, reliability and validity metrics of the research instrument, correlation coefficients and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). South Africa has provided municipalities with a learning opportunity to change into data-driven Smart Municipalities to increase productivity, growth, and employment supported by the need for people with a variety of skills. A Value Alignment Smart City Stakeholder (VASCS) model was created in previous research and identified nine dimensions of a smart city, namely Smart Economy, Smart Environment, Smart Governance, Smart Living, Smart Mobility, Smart Organisation, Smart People, Smart Policies and Smart Technology. Due to lack of DT framework and guidelines that guides municipalities on how they can adopt Smart Municipality concept, the objective of this study was to propose and evaluate a Value Alignment Smart Municipality Stakeholder (VASMS) model for municipalities in the Eastern Cape. The nine dimensions were empirically evaluated by stakeholders in four Eastern Cape municipalities. The results depict a change towards the importance of developing a Smart Municipality in the four municipalities, while following appropriate planning, designing, management, operations and governance guidelines. The respondents regarded the smart policy dimension as the most important dimension in the proposed VASMS model. This study further provided practical guidelines for the adoption of smart municipalities in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. This proposed VASMS model aims to address the unique challenges faced by municipalities in the Eastern Cape as they embark on their digital transformation journey. It outlines a stepby- step process encompassing strategic planning, technological integration, stakeholder engagement, and governance restructuring. Moreover, it emphasises the importance of fostering a collaborative ecosystem between government agencies, private sector partners, and citizens. By offering this VASMS model, this research contributes to the advancement of Smart Municipality initiatives in the Eastern Cape, ultimately paving the way for more efficient, resilient, and citizen-centric urban environments. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Science, School of Computing Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
- Authors: Luke, Lamla Lonwabo Leadley
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Internet in public administration , Information technology -- Political aspects , Electronic government information
- Language: English
- Type: Master's thesis , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/62506 , vital:72779
- Description: Digital transformation (DT) integrates technology into all business areas, fundamentally changing how businesses operate and deliver value to their clients. It is also a cultural change that requires organisations to continually challenge the status quo, experiment and get comfortable with change. Smart Municipalities in South Africa have various challenges concerning integrating services and information flow among departments within the municipalities, thus preventing the creation of value for the citizens. The ongoing digital transformation revolutionises urban development and governance, offering opportunities for enhanced citizen services, resource optimisation, and sustainable growth. However, the complexity of implementing smart city initiatives demands a structured approach. Due to urbanisation, municipal management in developing nations must deal with issues like increased energy consumption, pollution, the disposal of toxic wastes, resource depletion, ineffective management of urban infrastructures, ineffective planning processes, overloaded transportation networks, endemic congestion, as well as social inequality and socioeconomic disparity. The extent of digital adoption in the South African province of the Eastern Cape has provided municipalities with a learning opportunity to change into data-driven Smart Municipalities in order to increase productivity, growth, employment, and the need for people with a variety of skills. This study required a review of the literature to examine digital transformation, Smart Municipalities, Smart Municipalities at national and international levels, and Smart Municipality models. The literature review also helped to create a Smart Municipality conceptual model. Data for this study were collected in four Eastern Cape municipalities, namely: DR. AB. Xuma, Enoch Mgijima, Intsika Yethu Local municipalities, and their critical stakeholder Chris Hani District Municipality. The population was all municipal workers, including Municipal Managers, Councillors, Executive Management, ICT officials, Unit Managers, Computer Users and other municipal employees who were using IT to do their job responsibilities within the municipalities. This research study followed a positivistic approach using quantitative methods of analysis. Accordingly, the conceptual model was hypothesised and tested using a questionnaire to collect data and the data were statistically analysed. The study followed a descriptive research designwith a quantitative approach. Various statistical analyses were conducted, including descriptive statistics, reliability and validity metrics of the research instrument, correlation coefficients and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). South Africa has provided municipalities with a learning opportunity to change into data-driven Smart Municipalities to increase productivity, growth, and employment supported by the need for people with a variety of skills. A Value Alignment Smart City Stakeholder (VASCS) model was created in previous research and identified nine dimensions of a smart city, namely Smart Economy, Smart Environment, Smart Governance, Smart Living, Smart Mobility, Smart Organisation, Smart People, Smart Policies and Smart Technology. Due to lack of DT framework and guidelines that guides municipalities on how they can adopt Smart Municipality concept, the objective of this study was to propose and evaluate a Value Alignment Smart Municipality Stakeholder (VASMS) model for municipalities in the Eastern Cape. The nine dimensions were empirically evaluated by stakeholders in four Eastern Cape municipalities. The results depict a change towards the importance of developing a Smart Municipality in the four municipalities, while following appropriate planning, designing, management, operations and governance guidelines. The respondents regarded the smart policy dimension as the most important dimension in the proposed VASMS model. This study further provided practical guidelines for the adoption of smart municipalities in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. This proposed VASMS model aims to address the unique challenges faced by municipalities in the Eastern Cape as they embark on their digital transformation journey. It outlines a stepby- step process encompassing strategic planning, technological integration, stakeholder engagement, and governance restructuring. Moreover, it emphasises the importance of fostering a collaborative ecosystem between government agencies, private sector partners, and citizens. By offering this VASMS model, this research contributes to the advancement of Smart Municipality initiatives in the Eastern Cape, ultimately paving the way for more efficient, resilient, and citizen-centric urban environments. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Science, School of Computing Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
A feminist critical discourse analysis of male dominance and violence in Zakes Mda’s the Madonna of excelsior and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s purple hibiscus
- Authors: Ibitoye, Antonia Folasade
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Feminism and education , Feminism and literature
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63320 , vital:73249
- Description: This study critically explored male dominance and violence in Africa, through the lens of South African author, Zakes Mda, and Nigerian author, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, in their novels, The Madonna of Excelsior (2004) and Purple Hibiscus (2003), respectively. Women globally often continue to live with male dominance, and this unequal gender structure has propelled feminists to commence movements to counter all forms of discrimination against women. For the study, excerpts from the two novels were used as data, to investigate male dominance and violence in Africa. To achieve the goals of this research, the study used socialist feminist theory, post-colonial feminist theory, and black feminist theory as the theoretical framework. This combined framework explicates that there is not just one system of oppression at the core of unequal treatment of women by men. Rather, it is a combination of structures related to social class, gender, race, sexuality, culture and society. Feminist critical discourse analysis (FCDA) was employed to analyse the data with the aid of ATLAS.ti software. FCDA was selected as an analytical framework because of its concern for the emancipation of women and social justice with transformation.What prompted the area of concern and the research problem of this study was an awareness of the extensive gender inequality in Nigeria and South Africa, which tends to be rooted in male dominance and violence. As a result, this study contributes to creating awareness of gender inequality, suggesting ways of combating violence against women and female suppression as well as promoting new conceptualisations of masculinity, femininity, and inequality. This research study explored how language use constructed identity, gender, and power relations and how these have reflected male dominance, and violence in Africa in the novels chosen for this study. This study is significant because it did not only analysed the marginalisation and suppression of the female gender but further exposed the strategies that were adopted by women to confront patriarchal oppression and domination as well as the resultant effect on the perpetrators as depicted in the novels for this study. The distinctiveness of this study can be viewed from three different perspectives. Firstly, it is one of the first research works to use FCDA to address the social problems of male dominance and violence. Secondly, it is the first research work which recognises the use of the novel as an essential source of data for FCDA on male dominance and violence. Using the novel as a data source supports the fact that novels are relevant data sources because 5 they often reflect the happenings in society, such as the incidence of gender inequality. Lastly, this project is distinctive because of its ability to combine socialist feminist theory, black feminist theory, post-colonial feminist theory as the theoretical framework and FCDA as the methodological approach. The study is limited to two novels from two African writers because the novels are reflections of the challenges faced by women in Africa and because of the novelists’ unique use of language and the representation of male dominance, violence and female suppression in Africa. The choice to restrict the scope of the study to Africa, selecting Nigeria and South Africa was because, both novels are set in African context and also as a result of the gravity of the identified social and equity issues in Africa. For further research, the study could be extended beyond the African continent to other continents. By so doing, other feminist theories could be used while FCDA could still be used as an analytical framework. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of male dominance and violence between South Africa and Nigeria could also be explored or between Africa and the western world. This study, therefore, explored how language use constructed gender identity and how this reflected male dominance and violence in Africa through the novels, which provided the data for analysis. Following the principles of FCDA, the study sought to create social awareness and to build an understanding of the need not only to resist male dominance and violence but to extend understandings of gender differences with the intention of generating a collective change and transformation in society for gender equality. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
- Authors: Ibitoye, Antonia Folasade
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Feminism and education , Feminism and literature
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63320 , vital:73249
- Description: This study critically explored male dominance and violence in Africa, through the lens of South African author, Zakes Mda, and Nigerian author, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, in their novels, The Madonna of Excelsior (2004) and Purple Hibiscus (2003), respectively. Women globally often continue to live with male dominance, and this unequal gender structure has propelled feminists to commence movements to counter all forms of discrimination against women. For the study, excerpts from the two novels were used as data, to investigate male dominance and violence in Africa. To achieve the goals of this research, the study used socialist feminist theory, post-colonial feminist theory, and black feminist theory as the theoretical framework. This combined framework explicates that there is not just one system of oppression at the core of unequal treatment of women by men. Rather, it is a combination of structures related to social class, gender, race, sexuality, culture and society. Feminist critical discourse analysis (FCDA) was employed to analyse the data with the aid of ATLAS.ti software. FCDA was selected as an analytical framework because of its concern for the emancipation of women and social justice with transformation.What prompted the area of concern and the research problem of this study was an awareness of the extensive gender inequality in Nigeria and South Africa, which tends to be rooted in male dominance and violence. As a result, this study contributes to creating awareness of gender inequality, suggesting ways of combating violence against women and female suppression as well as promoting new conceptualisations of masculinity, femininity, and inequality. This research study explored how language use constructed identity, gender, and power relations and how these have reflected male dominance, and violence in Africa in the novels chosen for this study. This study is significant because it did not only analysed the marginalisation and suppression of the female gender but further exposed the strategies that were adopted by women to confront patriarchal oppression and domination as well as the resultant effect on the perpetrators as depicted in the novels for this study. The distinctiveness of this study can be viewed from three different perspectives. Firstly, it is one of the first research works to use FCDA to address the social problems of male dominance and violence. Secondly, it is the first research work which recognises the use of the novel as an essential source of data for FCDA on male dominance and violence. Using the novel as a data source supports the fact that novels are relevant data sources because 5 they often reflect the happenings in society, such as the incidence of gender inequality. Lastly, this project is distinctive because of its ability to combine socialist feminist theory, black feminist theory, post-colonial feminist theory as the theoretical framework and FCDA as the methodological approach. The study is limited to two novels from two African writers because the novels are reflections of the challenges faced by women in Africa and because of the novelists’ unique use of language and the representation of male dominance, violence and female suppression in Africa. The choice to restrict the scope of the study to Africa, selecting Nigeria and South Africa was because, both novels are set in African context and also as a result of the gravity of the identified social and equity issues in Africa. For further research, the study could be extended beyond the African continent to other continents. By so doing, other feminist theories could be used while FCDA could still be used as an analytical framework. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of male dominance and violence between South Africa and Nigeria could also be explored or between Africa and the western world. This study, therefore, explored how language use constructed gender identity and how this reflected male dominance and violence in Africa through the novels, which provided the data for analysis. Following the principles of FCDA, the study sought to create social awareness and to build an understanding of the need not only to resist male dominance and violence but to extend understandings of gender differences with the intention of generating a collective change and transformation in society for gender equality. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
A framework to improve supply chain performance through lead time management in Ugandan public health institutions
- Authors: Kabagenyi, Dorothy
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Lean manufacturing -- Management , Business logistics -- Uganda , Medical care -- Uganda , Industrial procurement Inventory control
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/65633 , vital:74213
- Description: A well-organised public healthcare supply chain leads to easy accessibility of medical supplies. In order to have healthy populations, it is important for governments to have the required medical supplies in their healthcare facilities at the required time. As such, appropriate lead time management by supply chain actors greatly improves supply chain performance. However, the current public healthcare supply chains in Uganda have challenges that lead to poor quality and inefficient public health supply chain performance. The primary objective of this study was to develop an implementation framework to guide public health institutions in improving supply chain performance through lead time management in Uganda. The study also sought to determine the influence of supply chain optimisation on lead time management. It also sought to examine the influence of supply chain dynamic capabilities on lead time management. The study further examined the influence of supplier performance on lead time management, and sought to examine the influence of lead time management on supply chain performance. The study also sought to assess the mediating effect of lead time management on the relationship between supply chain dynamic capabilities and overall supply chain performance, between supply chain optimisation and overall supply chain performance, as well as between supplier performance and overall supply chain performance. Lastly, the study sought to assess the mediation effect of supply chain optimisation on the relationship between supplier performance and lead time management as well as between supply chain dynamic capabilities and lead time management. A positivist philosophy that allowed quantitative data to be collected from 340 respondents was used in this study. The study used both stratified sampling and simple random sampling without replacement to choose the public healthcare facilities as well as purposive sampling to select the final respondents for the study. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25 for factor reduction and dimensional groupings. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) path analysis models were performed in the Analysis of Moments of Structure (AMOS Version 27) software for model fit assessments and hypotheses testing, respectively. A multiple regression analysis was performed in SPSS Version 25 software, and was used for comparison and confirmation of the weak and insignificant result obtained for the unsupported hypothesis (H4) in the SEM hypotheses tests. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Management Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
- Authors: Kabagenyi, Dorothy
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Lean manufacturing -- Management , Business logistics -- Uganda , Medical care -- Uganda , Industrial procurement Inventory control
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/65633 , vital:74213
- Description: A well-organised public healthcare supply chain leads to easy accessibility of medical supplies. In order to have healthy populations, it is important for governments to have the required medical supplies in their healthcare facilities at the required time. As such, appropriate lead time management by supply chain actors greatly improves supply chain performance. However, the current public healthcare supply chains in Uganda have challenges that lead to poor quality and inefficient public health supply chain performance. The primary objective of this study was to develop an implementation framework to guide public health institutions in improving supply chain performance through lead time management in Uganda. The study also sought to determine the influence of supply chain optimisation on lead time management. It also sought to examine the influence of supply chain dynamic capabilities on lead time management. The study further examined the influence of supplier performance on lead time management, and sought to examine the influence of lead time management on supply chain performance. The study also sought to assess the mediating effect of lead time management on the relationship between supply chain dynamic capabilities and overall supply chain performance, between supply chain optimisation and overall supply chain performance, as well as between supplier performance and overall supply chain performance. Lastly, the study sought to assess the mediation effect of supply chain optimisation on the relationship between supplier performance and lead time management as well as between supply chain dynamic capabilities and lead time management. A positivist philosophy that allowed quantitative data to be collected from 340 respondents was used in this study. The study used both stratified sampling and simple random sampling without replacement to choose the public healthcare facilities as well as purposive sampling to select the final respondents for the study. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25 for factor reduction and dimensional groupings. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) path analysis models were performed in the Analysis of Moments of Structure (AMOS Version 27) software for model fit assessments and hypotheses testing, respectively. A multiple regression analysis was performed in SPSS Version 25 software, and was used for comparison and confirmation of the weak and insignificant result obtained for the unsupported hypothesis (H4) in the SEM hypotheses tests. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Management Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
A qualitative review on the manner in which psychologists address language barriers in psychological testing with isiXhosa speaking clients.
- Authors: Fouche, Nicoleen
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: language barriers , isiXhosa , psychological tests,
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/62838 , vital:73055
- Description: A racially segregated culture historically influenced the growth of psychological testing and evaluation in South Africa. Thus, South Africa's multicultural and multilingual community poses difficulties for psychologists in their daily work. Most of the psychological tests used by psychologists are predominantly normed in either or only English/Afrikaans. Given the economic and professional resources required to develop new standardised tests for the broader South African population, the current status quo is set to continue for the foreseeable future. Consequently, language barriers pose a challenge when psychometric standardised tests are administered in a language that is different from that of the client, and as a result, psychologists must develop ways to enhance the fairness of these measures for their client base. The avenue of research that was explored is how psychologists overcome the language boundary when assessing clients who speak an indigenous first language, particularly isiXhosa. As such, this study explored this question through qualitative methods. Through purposive sampling, nine psychologists were invited to share their practical expertise on this topic, using semi-structured online interviews. The findings of this study suggested several core themes providing useful methods for other psychologists facing the same challenge, including the challenges with administering psychological tests with isiXhosa clients, the availability of standardised tests in the South African context, and the importance of determining the client’s language proficiency. Five themes with several sub-themes emerged from the study. The study contributes to the currently limited existing body of knowledge, and subsequently to the research area that this study explores - thus further providing guidelines that practitioners can employ when working with clients who are isiXhosa speaking. , Thesis (Ma) -- Faculty of Health Science, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
- Authors: Fouche, Nicoleen
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: language barriers , isiXhosa , psychological tests,
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/62838 , vital:73055
- Description: A racially segregated culture historically influenced the growth of psychological testing and evaluation in South Africa. Thus, South Africa's multicultural and multilingual community poses difficulties for psychologists in their daily work. Most of the psychological tests used by psychologists are predominantly normed in either or only English/Afrikaans. Given the economic and professional resources required to develop new standardised tests for the broader South African population, the current status quo is set to continue for the foreseeable future. Consequently, language barriers pose a challenge when psychometric standardised tests are administered in a language that is different from that of the client, and as a result, psychologists must develop ways to enhance the fairness of these measures for their client base. The avenue of research that was explored is how psychologists overcome the language boundary when assessing clients who speak an indigenous first language, particularly isiXhosa. As such, this study explored this question through qualitative methods. Through purposive sampling, nine psychologists were invited to share their practical expertise on this topic, using semi-structured online interviews. The findings of this study suggested several core themes providing useful methods for other psychologists facing the same challenge, including the challenges with administering psychological tests with isiXhosa clients, the availability of standardised tests in the South African context, and the importance of determining the client’s language proficiency. Five themes with several sub-themes emerged from the study. The study contributes to the currently limited existing body of knowledge, and subsequently to the research area that this study explores - thus further providing guidelines that practitioners can employ when working with clients who are isiXhosa speaking. , Thesis (Ma) -- Faculty of Health Science, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
A study exploring the understanding and interpretations of schizophrenia amongst Zulu Community members, in Durban, Kwa-Zulu Natal Province
- Authors: Lephoto, Thabo
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: chizophrenia , traditional healers , cultural belief,
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/62859 , vital:73059
- Description: Mental illness is a global and widespread phenomenon, and its presented symptoms are experienced differently within various contexts. In many contexts, cultural beliefs are noted as influencing the thinking, feeling, and behavior of individuals and groups. Schizophrenia is often associated with a clustering of symptoms, which are often interpreted from within a cultural lens. This is in part, due to the lack of access to mental health facilities, and the limited understanding of psychological processes, but primarily due to cultural belief systems. As such, many individuals rely on indigenous knowledge systems and traditional healing when experiencing psychological symptoms. Within South Africa, the symptoms associated with schizophrenia are understood and treated in accordance with cultural beliefs and it is likely that bewitchment, spirit possession, as well as ancestral callings such as ukuthwasa, etc. will be associated with the symptoms of mental illnesses. The implications that this poses to psychological treatments and interventions are vast and require exploration. This study employed a qualitative methodology, with an exploratory and descriptive design. There were 8 participants (males= 4; females= 4), aged between 26-37 that were recruited for the study by utilizing a purposive sampling strategy, as well as a snowball sampling technique. Thematic analysis was used as a means of data analysis, by following the method by Braun and Clarke. The study applies the principles of ethics with regard to confidentiality and privacy. The findings of the study revealed that participants’ perceptions of schizophrenia were influenced by their culture. Participants of the study suggested that culture is influential in the treatment of those diagnosed with schizophrenia. Furthermore, the study revealed that there is a hierarchical system in the Zulu Culture and those diagnosed with schizophrenia are placed at the bottom. , Thesis (Ma) -- Faculty of Health Science, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
- Authors: Lephoto, Thabo
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: chizophrenia , traditional healers , cultural belief,
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/62859 , vital:73059
- Description: Mental illness is a global and widespread phenomenon, and its presented symptoms are experienced differently within various contexts. In many contexts, cultural beliefs are noted as influencing the thinking, feeling, and behavior of individuals and groups. Schizophrenia is often associated with a clustering of symptoms, which are often interpreted from within a cultural lens. This is in part, due to the lack of access to mental health facilities, and the limited understanding of psychological processes, but primarily due to cultural belief systems. As such, many individuals rely on indigenous knowledge systems and traditional healing when experiencing psychological symptoms. Within South Africa, the symptoms associated with schizophrenia are understood and treated in accordance with cultural beliefs and it is likely that bewitchment, spirit possession, as well as ancestral callings such as ukuthwasa, etc. will be associated with the symptoms of mental illnesses. The implications that this poses to psychological treatments and interventions are vast and require exploration. This study employed a qualitative methodology, with an exploratory and descriptive design. There were 8 participants (males= 4; females= 4), aged between 26-37 that were recruited for the study by utilizing a purposive sampling strategy, as well as a snowball sampling technique. Thematic analysis was used as a means of data analysis, by following the method by Braun and Clarke. The study applies the principles of ethics with regard to confidentiality and privacy. The findings of the study revealed that participants’ perceptions of schizophrenia were influenced by their culture. Participants of the study suggested that culture is influential in the treatment of those diagnosed with schizophrenia. Furthermore, the study revealed that there is a hierarchical system in the Zulu Culture and those diagnosed with schizophrenia are placed at the bottom. , Thesis (Ma) -- Faculty of Health Science, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
Adherence narratives of COVID-19 in KwaNobuhle Township, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Andries, Siyanda
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Coronavirus Disease--Eastern Cape--South Africa , Vaccination--Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63243 , vital:73240
- Description: The emergence of COVID-19 triggered a global health crisis that not only took many lives but disrupted economies, strained healthcare systems, and impacted social relations globally. KwaNobuhle township in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa falls under the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality. This municipality experienced some of South Africa’s highest COVID-19 fatalities, with the lowest levels of testing, active cases and hospitalisation in the country. This study investigates the narratives about COVID-19 prevention measures in KwaNobuhle. Primarily, it seeks to reveal how young and elderly peoples’ perceptions about COVID-19 influenced their compliance with prevention measures such as lockdown, testing and self-admission to hospital when sick. Fifteen residents of KwaNobuhle, who identify as Black people between 18 and 30 years and 50 and 65 years, were recruited as participants in this study. The two groups of study participants were recruited in order to enable an investigation into intergenerational narratives about infectious disease. In this study, Intergenerational narratives encompass stories, beliefs, and cultural traditions that transmit values, historical experiences, and a shared sense of identity, fostering connections between generations. This study provides an historical overview of how communities dealt with previous epidemics in South Africa and analyses how COVID-19 disrupted the lives of people with the preventative measures and changes that were implemented by the government. Social constructivism is a theory that emphasizes the role of social interactions and cultural context in shaping individuals' understanding of the world. Social constructivism theory is employed to frame the investigation of narratives of COVID-19 and is based on qualitative data collected through in-depth telephonic individual interviews. The data reveals that participants’ perceptions and narratives of diseases are shaped and influenced by their experiences and knowledge of the same. The findings confirm that the two different age groups of participants have distinct perspectives of COVID-19. Older participants rely on their past experiences of diseases, while younger participants form their understanding through mainstream and social media. This study further examines the inadequacy of healthcare system preparedness in South Africa to adequately address the onset of infectious diseases. Furthermore, this investigation unveils the way preventive measures against COVID-19 imposed inconvenience upon individuals' daily lives and overall lifestyles. These measures included curfews, a limitation on crowd size in public spaces vii such as markets, and the prohibition of alcohol consumption. Individuals who were reliant on the alcohol industry as their primary source of income were adversely affected. African traditional practices were also impacted, as burial custom alterations resulted. Lastly, the study illuminates that the acceptance and uptake of vaccinations was influenced by vaccine hesitancy, with social media serving as a prominent conduit for the proliferation of conspiracy theories in the context of COVID-19. , Thesis (Ma) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
- Authors: Andries, Siyanda
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Coronavirus Disease--Eastern Cape--South Africa , Vaccination--Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63243 , vital:73240
- Description: The emergence of COVID-19 triggered a global health crisis that not only took many lives but disrupted economies, strained healthcare systems, and impacted social relations globally. KwaNobuhle township in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa falls under the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality. This municipality experienced some of South Africa’s highest COVID-19 fatalities, with the lowest levels of testing, active cases and hospitalisation in the country. This study investigates the narratives about COVID-19 prevention measures in KwaNobuhle. Primarily, it seeks to reveal how young and elderly peoples’ perceptions about COVID-19 influenced their compliance with prevention measures such as lockdown, testing and self-admission to hospital when sick. Fifteen residents of KwaNobuhle, who identify as Black people between 18 and 30 years and 50 and 65 years, were recruited as participants in this study. The two groups of study participants were recruited in order to enable an investigation into intergenerational narratives about infectious disease. In this study, Intergenerational narratives encompass stories, beliefs, and cultural traditions that transmit values, historical experiences, and a shared sense of identity, fostering connections between generations. This study provides an historical overview of how communities dealt with previous epidemics in South Africa and analyses how COVID-19 disrupted the lives of people with the preventative measures and changes that were implemented by the government. Social constructivism is a theory that emphasizes the role of social interactions and cultural context in shaping individuals' understanding of the world. Social constructivism theory is employed to frame the investigation of narratives of COVID-19 and is based on qualitative data collected through in-depth telephonic individual interviews. The data reveals that participants’ perceptions and narratives of diseases are shaped and influenced by their experiences and knowledge of the same. The findings confirm that the two different age groups of participants have distinct perspectives of COVID-19. Older participants rely on their past experiences of diseases, while younger participants form their understanding through mainstream and social media. This study further examines the inadequacy of healthcare system preparedness in South Africa to adequately address the onset of infectious diseases. Furthermore, this investigation unveils the way preventive measures against COVID-19 imposed inconvenience upon individuals' daily lives and overall lifestyles. These measures included curfews, a limitation on crowd size in public spaces vii such as markets, and the prohibition of alcohol consumption. Individuals who were reliant on the alcohol industry as their primary source of income were adversely affected. African traditional practices were also impacted, as burial custom alterations resulted. Lastly, the study illuminates that the acceptance and uptake of vaccinations was influenced by vaccine hesitancy, with social media serving as a prominent conduit for the proliferation of conspiracy theories in the context of COVID-19. , Thesis (Ma) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
An alternative model for the financial sustainability of social services sector NGOs in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Kagande, Albert Tafadzwa
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Non-governmental organizations -- South Africa , Accounting -- Social aspects , Sustainability
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/65644 , vital:74217
- Description: The work of Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) is traditionally deemed “unprofitable”, yet they provide valuable services to communities. With an exponentially growing NGO sector of more than 270 000 NGOs, of which 40% are social service sector NGOs, and an increased demand for NGO services, a decrease in government and donor funding has heightened the debate on the need for financial sustainability of NGOs in South Africa. NGOs are important development actors, and their financial sustainability is crucial as it ensures that the sector continues to be relevant and effective in ensuring that social needs are met. Using a mixed methods sequential explanatory research design, the study focused on the social services sector NGOs in the Eastern Cape with the aim of understanding their financial challenges and strategies being employed to address such and, in the process, develop an alternative model for the financial sustainability of these NGOs. A conceptual framework was developed from six theories which were used to explore the concept of financial sustainability drawing insights from the internal and external environment of the participating NGOs. These theories were used together to emphasise that no one theory could single-handedly and holistically explain the concept of the financial sustainability of social service sector NGOs. The use of multiple theories also came from the realisation that NGOs in South Africa, in general, are struggling to survive owing to a myriad of factors which include increased competition for resources and reduced funding from their traditional source. Furthermore, donor dependency, staff and organisational capacity, management practices and values, and the interplay of an NGO with its stakeholders and environment all have a bearing on financial sustainability. Being the poorest province in South Africa heightens the need for social services in the Eastern Cape. From the study, it was established that 48% of social services sector NGOs depended on government funding while only 16% had the capacity to generate their own income. However, depending on government funding was not sustainable and this was crippling the social services sector. The study also established that “young” NGOs struggled to secure funding when compared to their “mature” counterparts. In addition, staff capacity and the values of an organisation affected income generation and how funds were sourced. Lack of capacity to fundraise and/or implement commercial activities had affected the financial sustainability of the social sector NGOs. The interplay of an NGO and its stakeholders and environment also had a bearing on the financial sustainability of the sector. The study provides a multipronged approach and perspective to financial sustainability. The proposed financial sustainability model challenges social services sector NGOs to consciously reflect on their internal and external environments as well a come up with strategies that positively affect their financial sustainability. From the study, the strategies that were being implemented to realise financially sustainability included, retaining current donors, reaching out to new donors, innovative fundraising approaches, redesigning programme activities to include cost-recovery components, collaborating with other NGOs as well as commercial ventures. This study concludes that social services sector NGOs need all these approaches in addition to improving staff capacity and adopting a culture that enhances organisational performance. There is need to build a system where NGOs are adequately supported to do their work without worrying about income and where well-designed financial sustainability components help NGOs, funders, government and communities identify where change is needed. , Thesis (DPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
- Authors: Kagande, Albert Tafadzwa
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Non-governmental organizations -- South Africa , Accounting -- Social aspects , Sustainability
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/65644 , vital:74217
- Description: The work of Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) is traditionally deemed “unprofitable”, yet they provide valuable services to communities. With an exponentially growing NGO sector of more than 270 000 NGOs, of which 40% are social service sector NGOs, and an increased demand for NGO services, a decrease in government and donor funding has heightened the debate on the need for financial sustainability of NGOs in South Africa. NGOs are important development actors, and their financial sustainability is crucial as it ensures that the sector continues to be relevant and effective in ensuring that social needs are met. Using a mixed methods sequential explanatory research design, the study focused on the social services sector NGOs in the Eastern Cape with the aim of understanding their financial challenges and strategies being employed to address such and, in the process, develop an alternative model for the financial sustainability of these NGOs. A conceptual framework was developed from six theories which were used to explore the concept of financial sustainability drawing insights from the internal and external environment of the participating NGOs. These theories were used together to emphasise that no one theory could single-handedly and holistically explain the concept of the financial sustainability of social service sector NGOs. The use of multiple theories also came from the realisation that NGOs in South Africa, in general, are struggling to survive owing to a myriad of factors which include increased competition for resources and reduced funding from their traditional source. Furthermore, donor dependency, staff and organisational capacity, management practices and values, and the interplay of an NGO with its stakeholders and environment all have a bearing on financial sustainability. Being the poorest province in South Africa heightens the need for social services in the Eastern Cape. From the study, it was established that 48% of social services sector NGOs depended on government funding while only 16% had the capacity to generate their own income. However, depending on government funding was not sustainable and this was crippling the social services sector. The study also established that “young” NGOs struggled to secure funding when compared to their “mature” counterparts. In addition, staff capacity and the values of an organisation affected income generation and how funds were sourced. Lack of capacity to fundraise and/or implement commercial activities had affected the financial sustainability of the social sector NGOs. The interplay of an NGO and its stakeholders and environment also had a bearing on the financial sustainability of the sector. The study provides a multipronged approach and perspective to financial sustainability. The proposed financial sustainability model challenges social services sector NGOs to consciously reflect on their internal and external environments as well a come up with strategies that positively affect their financial sustainability. From the study, the strategies that were being implemented to realise financially sustainability included, retaining current donors, reaching out to new donors, innovative fundraising approaches, redesigning programme activities to include cost-recovery components, collaborating with other NGOs as well as commercial ventures. This study concludes that social services sector NGOs need all these approaches in addition to improving staff capacity and adopting a culture that enhances organisational performance. There is need to build a system where NGOs are adequately supported to do their work without worrying about income and where well-designed financial sustainability components help NGOs, funders, government and communities identify where change is needed. , Thesis (DPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
An application of the Mundell Fleming model in emerging market economies
- Authors: Tenderere, Morris
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Macroeconomics , Foreign exchange rates , International economic relations
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/66039 , vital:74319
- Description: The core objective of this study was to test the applicability of the Mundell-Fleming model in emerging market economies. Despite its importance, no study has examined the applicability of the Mundell-Fleming model in emerging market economies, as far as this study is aware. The Mundell-Fleming model predicts that in an environment with freely floating exchange rates, a drop in interest rates will lead to capital flight, which in turn will result in a fall in the exchange rate and a rise in net exports. The model takes into account both the international flow of capital and the flow of goods and services that might have a big impact on the country. The model's theoretical foundations offer practical instruments for assessing the impact of economic policy in light of the adopted exchange rate regimes of a nation. The model plays a key role in anticipating the link between output, interest rates, and exchange rates. A quantitative approach using panel monthly data over the period 2000 to 2017 for five emerging countries was carried out. Brazil, Malaysia, China, India, and South Africa were the considered countries due to availability of data. The Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) and Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) were used to analyse the data. The study confirmed the applicability of the Mundell-Fleming model in the studied countries given a positive relationship between interest rate and portfolio investment. This result means that when interest rates rise, capital flows also increase. In addition, the confirmation of Mundell-Fleming model is reflected in the negative relationship between portfolio investment and the rate of exchange. The Mundell-Fleming model describes how movement of capital and exchange rates behave. The study recommended that to ease the threat of currency appreciation, the Central Banks in merging market economies must ensure that the domestic interest rate is always in line with the world interest rate. This will promote exchange rate stability and whenever there is an appreciation/depreciation the Central Banks must use interest rates to bring back the exchange rate to the desired rate. In emerging market economies, the reserve banks must employ what is referred to as the "sterilization" of capital flows to lessen the threat of currency appreciation. The local component of the monetary base (bank reserves plus currency) is decreased in a successful sterilization operation to counteract the reserve influx, at least temporarily. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
- Authors: Tenderere, Morris
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Macroeconomics , Foreign exchange rates , International economic relations
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/66039 , vital:74319
- Description: The core objective of this study was to test the applicability of the Mundell-Fleming model in emerging market economies. Despite its importance, no study has examined the applicability of the Mundell-Fleming model in emerging market economies, as far as this study is aware. The Mundell-Fleming model predicts that in an environment with freely floating exchange rates, a drop in interest rates will lead to capital flight, which in turn will result in a fall in the exchange rate and a rise in net exports. The model takes into account both the international flow of capital and the flow of goods and services that might have a big impact on the country. The model's theoretical foundations offer practical instruments for assessing the impact of economic policy in light of the adopted exchange rate regimes of a nation. The model plays a key role in anticipating the link between output, interest rates, and exchange rates. A quantitative approach using panel monthly data over the period 2000 to 2017 for five emerging countries was carried out. Brazil, Malaysia, China, India, and South Africa were the considered countries due to availability of data. The Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) and Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) were used to analyse the data. The study confirmed the applicability of the Mundell-Fleming model in the studied countries given a positive relationship between interest rate and portfolio investment. This result means that when interest rates rise, capital flows also increase. In addition, the confirmation of Mundell-Fleming model is reflected in the negative relationship between portfolio investment and the rate of exchange. The Mundell-Fleming model describes how movement of capital and exchange rates behave. The study recommended that to ease the threat of currency appreciation, the Central Banks in merging market economies must ensure that the domestic interest rate is always in line with the world interest rate. This will promote exchange rate stability and whenever there is an appreciation/depreciation the Central Banks must use interest rates to bring back the exchange rate to the desired rate. In emerging market economies, the reserve banks must employ what is referred to as the "sterilization" of capital flows to lessen the threat of currency appreciation. The local component of the monetary base (bank reserves plus currency) is decreased in a successful sterilization operation to counteract the reserve influx, at least temporarily. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12