Foreign Direct Investment in SADC: Role of Soft and Hard Infrastructure
- Authors: Manamike, Taonga
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Investments, Foreign , Southern African Development Community
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57831 , vital:58275
- Description: The study analyses the role that hard and soft infrastructure plays in attracting FDI inflows in the SADC region. As proxy for soft infrastructure, Internet users and governance indicators were used. Panel data was used for the analysis, for sixteen SADC member states, covering the period 2000 to 2018. Data was analysed using the multiple linear regression technique, applying the Random Effects Model. The results show that for soft infrastructure, government effectiveness (positive) and rule of law (negative) plays a vital and significant role in attracting FDI inflows into the SADC region. For hard infrastructure, telephone density and gross capital formation have a positive relationship with FDI. Soft infrastructure was found to be of more significance in attracting FDI inflows compared to hard infrastructure. Other variables, such as population growth rate, market size and trade openness were also found to have a significant relationship with FDI inflows in the SADC region. The study concludes that, although soft infrastructure plays a more significant role the two forms of infrastructure play a complimentary role in the attraction of FDI. To improve FDI inflows in SADC, the study recommended that SADC member states must dwell more on improving soft infrastructure, but also working on hard infrastructure development and making policies that attract FDI in the region. SADC countries should consider consolidating their policies towards both soft and hard infrastructures to obtain some form of convergence on infrastructural levels within the region. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Manamike, Taonga
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Investments, Foreign , Southern African Development Community
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57831 , vital:58275
- Description: The study analyses the role that hard and soft infrastructure plays in attracting FDI inflows in the SADC region. As proxy for soft infrastructure, Internet users and governance indicators were used. Panel data was used for the analysis, for sixteen SADC member states, covering the period 2000 to 2018. Data was analysed using the multiple linear regression technique, applying the Random Effects Model. The results show that for soft infrastructure, government effectiveness (positive) and rule of law (negative) plays a vital and significant role in attracting FDI inflows into the SADC region. For hard infrastructure, telephone density and gross capital formation have a positive relationship with FDI. Soft infrastructure was found to be of more significance in attracting FDI inflows compared to hard infrastructure. Other variables, such as population growth rate, market size and trade openness were also found to have a significant relationship with FDI inflows in the SADC region. The study concludes that, although soft infrastructure plays a more significant role the two forms of infrastructure play a complimentary role in the attraction of FDI. To improve FDI inflows in SADC, the study recommended that SADC member states must dwell more on improving soft infrastructure, but also working on hard infrastructure development and making policies that attract FDI in the region. SADC countries should consider consolidating their policies towards both soft and hard infrastructures to obtain some form of convergence on infrastructural levels within the region. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Formulation of methyldopa 250 mg tablets by direct compression using a quality by design approach
- Authors: Baguma, Murungi Isaac
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Pharmaceutical chemistry , Tablets (Medicine)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58575 , vital:59929
- Description: Various pharmaceutical materials are known to take up moisture during both storage and manufacture. This phenomenon, termed hygroscopy, can result in unacceptable levels of moisture, potentially having deleterious effects on product quality, and consequently product efficacy and safety. Drug inefficacy specifically can result in life-threatening complications for the pregnant mother with uncontrolled blood pressure. Marketed as immediate release tablets, methyldopa is an antihypertensive drug commonly used in South Africa to treat hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Despite being in use for over 50 years, the physicochemical challenges posed by methyldopa remain ever present. Methyldopa is not only significantly hygroscopic, but also prone to oxidative and hydrolytic degradation that can be accelerated by moisture. Poor compression behaviour, another limitation of methyldopa, leaves the formulation scientist with a constellation of formulation hurdles that must be faced, understood and overcome. This is a task that can be tackled using elements of the Quality by Design (QbD) approach. Using this approach, the impact of these phenomena on tablet quality can be better understood and controlled. This study was aimed at using this approach to develop a formulation of methyldopa 250 mg tablets. Direct compression, a simple and moisture-free process, was selected for the manufacture of methyldopa tablets. After careful review of literature and consultation with experts, excipients were selected for the candidate formulation and preliminary concentrations established for each. Similarly, settings for mixing and compression variables were established. Adopted from the QbD framework, the risk posed to tablet quality by these factors was qualitatively analysed using Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) and quantitatively evaluated using Failure Modes and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Eight (8) factors determined to be high risk were further investigated in a preliminary experiment that followed a 12-batch Plackett Burman design. Data from this experiment was used to draw statistical relationships between the aforementioned factors and tablet quality attributes, thus shedding light on excipients and process parameters with practically significant impact on methyldopa tablet quality. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) of the response data reported SSG concentration, citric acid monohydrate xxvii concentration and mixing speed as key factors (p<0.05), demonstrating the need to control these factors for quality targets to be met. These three factors underpinned the 16-batch definitive experiment that followed, conceived using a Box Behnken design (BBD) including four batches prepared at the centerpoint values in the region of experimentation. The optimal methyldopa tablet formulation was achieved at the following settings: 1.0 % m/m magnesium stearate, 1.0 % m/m colloidal silica, 3.9 % m/m sodium starch glycolate, 1.7 % m/m citric acid monohydrate, mixing speed of 101 rpm, 6 minutes of pre-lubrication mixing, 2 minutes of lubrication and compression speed of 20 rpm. These settings were included in the design space and subsequent control strategy. It was learned that, within the design space, the risk to tablet quality and, by extension, the patient, was insignificant. This demonstrated that, using the QbD approach, challenges to pharmaceutical development can be effectively overcome. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Baguma, Murungi Isaac
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Pharmaceutical chemistry , Tablets (Medicine)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58575 , vital:59929
- Description: Various pharmaceutical materials are known to take up moisture during both storage and manufacture. This phenomenon, termed hygroscopy, can result in unacceptable levels of moisture, potentially having deleterious effects on product quality, and consequently product efficacy and safety. Drug inefficacy specifically can result in life-threatening complications for the pregnant mother with uncontrolled blood pressure. Marketed as immediate release tablets, methyldopa is an antihypertensive drug commonly used in South Africa to treat hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Despite being in use for over 50 years, the physicochemical challenges posed by methyldopa remain ever present. Methyldopa is not only significantly hygroscopic, but also prone to oxidative and hydrolytic degradation that can be accelerated by moisture. Poor compression behaviour, another limitation of methyldopa, leaves the formulation scientist with a constellation of formulation hurdles that must be faced, understood and overcome. This is a task that can be tackled using elements of the Quality by Design (QbD) approach. Using this approach, the impact of these phenomena on tablet quality can be better understood and controlled. This study was aimed at using this approach to develop a formulation of methyldopa 250 mg tablets. Direct compression, a simple and moisture-free process, was selected for the manufacture of methyldopa tablets. After careful review of literature and consultation with experts, excipients were selected for the candidate formulation and preliminary concentrations established for each. Similarly, settings for mixing and compression variables were established. Adopted from the QbD framework, the risk posed to tablet quality by these factors was qualitatively analysed using Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) and quantitatively evaluated using Failure Modes and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Eight (8) factors determined to be high risk were further investigated in a preliminary experiment that followed a 12-batch Plackett Burman design. Data from this experiment was used to draw statistical relationships between the aforementioned factors and tablet quality attributes, thus shedding light on excipients and process parameters with practically significant impact on methyldopa tablet quality. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) of the response data reported SSG concentration, citric acid monohydrate xxvii concentration and mixing speed as key factors (p<0.05), demonstrating the need to control these factors for quality targets to be met. These three factors underpinned the 16-batch definitive experiment that followed, conceived using a Box Behnken design (BBD) including four batches prepared at the centerpoint values in the region of experimentation. The optimal methyldopa tablet formulation was achieved at the following settings: 1.0 % m/m magnesium stearate, 1.0 % m/m colloidal silica, 3.9 % m/m sodium starch glycolate, 1.7 % m/m citric acid monohydrate, mixing speed of 101 rpm, 6 minutes of pre-lubrication mixing, 2 minutes of lubrication and compression speed of 20 rpm. These settings were included in the design space and subsequent control strategy. It was learned that, within the design space, the risk to tablet quality and, by extension, the patient, was insignificant. This demonstrated that, using the QbD approach, challenges to pharmaceutical development can be effectively overcome. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Governance, institutional quality and economic complexity in Selected African countries
- Authors: Mini, Litha
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Political stability -- Africa , Knowledge economy
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57917 , vital:58416
- Description: African has relatively low levels of economic complexity as the continent is centred on the production and exporting of natural agricultural goods, non-renewable natural resources, minerals, and crude oil, additionally the agricultural sector continues to be the prevalent employer. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between governance, institutional quality, with economic complexity in Africa. Panel data for the period 1996 - 2019 is employed and the generalised method of moments (GMM) technique was selected due to the number of countries (36 countries) being more than the time periods (22 years). The Granger non-causality test of Juodis, Karavias, and Sarafidis (2021) is used to figure out the direction of causality between the variables used in the study. The GMM results indicate that governance and institutional quality have a positive effect on economic complexity. The Granger causality test suggests that there is one directional causality from governance to economic complexity and from institutional quality to economic complexity. It is recommended that African countries improve governance through electing selfless leaders whose goal is improve the lives of its individuals. With regards to institutions, Africa needs to adopt strategies that support institutional quality which in turn will promote economic complexity. Policy makers should also create an environment or policies that are conducing for domestic and foreign investments, which in turn would improve the continent’s economic complexity. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mini, Litha
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Political stability -- Africa , Knowledge economy
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57917 , vital:58416
- Description: African has relatively low levels of economic complexity as the continent is centred on the production and exporting of natural agricultural goods, non-renewable natural resources, minerals, and crude oil, additionally the agricultural sector continues to be the prevalent employer. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between governance, institutional quality, with economic complexity in Africa. Panel data for the period 1996 - 2019 is employed and the generalised method of moments (GMM) technique was selected due to the number of countries (36 countries) being more than the time periods (22 years). The Granger non-causality test of Juodis, Karavias, and Sarafidis (2021) is used to figure out the direction of causality between the variables used in the study. The GMM results indicate that governance and institutional quality have a positive effect on economic complexity. The Granger causality test suggests that there is one directional causality from governance to economic complexity and from institutional quality to economic complexity. It is recommended that African countries improve governance through electing selfless leaders whose goal is improve the lives of its individuals. With regards to institutions, Africa needs to adopt strategies that support institutional quality which in turn will promote economic complexity. Policy makers should also create an environment or policies that are conducing for domestic and foreign investments, which in turn would improve the continent’s economic complexity. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Greening Ndlambe Village
- Authors: Vithi-Masiza, Noluthando
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Climatic changes , Sustainable development
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58396 , vital:59082
- Description: In 1994 the new democratic government of South Africa introduced the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) which was aimed at massive infrastructure expansion. Tackling the housing crisis has been encountered by growing demands for low carbon footprint, reduced use of non-renewable resources and as part of the green agenda. In line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the South African government set a variety of objectives aimed at achieving an environmentally sustainable future for all. While South Africa has embraced green economy principles, tested integrated approaches are still to be seen in housing construction. This study sought to explore the greening of Ndlambe green village in the Port Alfred area in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. To achieve the study objectives, a qualitative research approach was used, employing the case study research strategy and primary data was collected by means of focus groups. Community members, engineers, environmentalists and town planners constituted the study sample. Secondary data sources were also used in this study, along with field observation. The collected data was analysed using the thematic analysis technique. Findings from the study revealed that community members perceived Green village initiative as important and is required in South Africa given the challenges that are experienced such as energy consumption load shedding, water shortages. The economic value proposition of green building is measured through two different lenses, namely economic profit and social profit. The municipalities must take a leading role in by forming policies supporting environmentally friendly activities, with building being one crucial area. Recommendations from the study proposed that partnerships involving communities, private companies, the government and other various interest groups are imperative in order to accelerating the green building agenda. The government must be challenges to develop sustainable funding solutions for a green economy. Lastly, increased awareness about green building among the society may also drive better acceptability and ultimately, a strong social reputation. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Vithi-Masiza, Noluthando
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Climatic changes , Sustainable development
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58396 , vital:59082
- Description: In 1994 the new democratic government of South Africa introduced the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) which was aimed at massive infrastructure expansion. Tackling the housing crisis has been encountered by growing demands for low carbon footprint, reduced use of non-renewable resources and as part of the green agenda. In line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the South African government set a variety of objectives aimed at achieving an environmentally sustainable future for all. While South Africa has embraced green economy principles, tested integrated approaches are still to be seen in housing construction. This study sought to explore the greening of Ndlambe green village in the Port Alfred area in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. To achieve the study objectives, a qualitative research approach was used, employing the case study research strategy and primary data was collected by means of focus groups. Community members, engineers, environmentalists and town planners constituted the study sample. Secondary data sources were also used in this study, along with field observation. The collected data was analysed using the thematic analysis technique. Findings from the study revealed that community members perceived Green village initiative as important and is required in South Africa given the challenges that are experienced such as energy consumption load shedding, water shortages. The economic value proposition of green building is measured through two different lenses, namely economic profit and social profit. The municipalities must take a leading role in by forming policies supporting environmentally friendly activities, with building being one crucial area. Recommendations from the study proposed that partnerships involving communities, private companies, the government and other various interest groups are imperative in order to accelerating the green building agenda. The government must be challenges to develop sustainable funding solutions for a green economy. Lastly, increased awareness about green building among the society may also drive better acceptability and ultimately, a strong social reputation. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Health and safety hazards and risks in the construction industry
- Authors: Mdyogolo, Zukiswa Caroline
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Industrial safety , Work environment -- Safety measures
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58407 , vital:59111
- Description: Globally, the construction industry is infamous for a high level of fatalities. Construction sites are a very important place, as a considerable number of workers are involved in the construction process and activities, and H&S is critical to reduce hazards and the risk of being injured at work. The aim of the study was to evolve a framework of interventions to mitigate hazards, diseases, illnesses, injuries, fatalities, stress, and absenteeism in the construction industry. The objectives were to determine: why workers become ill due to construction and the implications; the causes of stress among construction workers, and worker absenteeism; what injuries workers experience, and the causes of fatalities, and if the current control measures are sufficient or whether more can be done. The research process commenced with a literature review relative to hazards and risks in the construction industry. A quantitative study was conducted among civil engineers, site supervisors, and construction H&S officers (CHSOs) in the construction industry using a questionnaire. The salient findings of the study suggest that the existing H&S legal and regulatory framework is barely effective. Although building contractors are aware of the most common H&S hazards and risks in construction, compliance is irregular. The study concluded that the identification of H&S hazards and risks is critical to mitigate fatalities, injuries, and illness. H&S education and training, and hazard identification and risk assessment (HIRA) should be improved and intensified, and a comprehensive risk mitigation plan should be developed and implemented on projects. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mdyogolo, Zukiswa Caroline
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Industrial safety , Work environment -- Safety measures
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58407 , vital:59111
- Description: Globally, the construction industry is infamous for a high level of fatalities. Construction sites are a very important place, as a considerable number of workers are involved in the construction process and activities, and H&S is critical to reduce hazards and the risk of being injured at work. The aim of the study was to evolve a framework of interventions to mitigate hazards, diseases, illnesses, injuries, fatalities, stress, and absenteeism in the construction industry. The objectives were to determine: why workers become ill due to construction and the implications; the causes of stress among construction workers, and worker absenteeism; what injuries workers experience, and the causes of fatalities, and if the current control measures are sufficient or whether more can be done. The research process commenced with a literature review relative to hazards and risks in the construction industry. A quantitative study was conducted among civil engineers, site supervisors, and construction H&S officers (CHSOs) in the construction industry using a questionnaire. The salient findings of the study suggest that the existing H&S legal and regulatory framework is barely effective. Although building contractors are aware of the most common H&S hazards and risks in construction, compliance is irregular. The study concluded that the identification of H&S hazards and risks is critical to mitigate fatalities, injuries, and illness. H&S education and training, and hazard identification and risk assessment (HIRA) should be improved and intensified, and a comprehensive risk mitigation plan should be developed and implemented on projects. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Hook, Line, and Sinker: Fishing in the Online Relationship Realm, an Exploration of Addictiveness in Online Romantic Relationships
- Authors: Froneman, Carmen Michelle
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Online dating , Relationship addiction
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58871 , vital:60229
- Description: In an online space where individuals are meeting and creating relationships, it is important to explore and understand the nuanced, complex psychological phenomena that occur. Current psychological research into the phenomena of online addictiveness has gained traction with international studies exploring and expanding on this phenomena. Definitions of internet addiction differ widely, but research indicates that addicts expend large amounts of time online and that using the internet becomes a significant part of their everyday lives. Consequently, exploring individual’s experiences of online addiction within a romantic context becomes more relevant. The aim of this study was to explore and describe adults lived experiences of addictiveness in the context of online romantic relationships by expanding on the previous data of Froneman’s (2016) study. The present study utilised a qualitative approach and was exploratory and descriptive in design. The sample size of the present study was seven adult participants and semi-structured interviews were utilised as the method of data collection. Themes including motivation for using online dating, spending time online and the Biopsychosocial dynamics were identified through the participant’s narratives. These findings ultimately can be used for future research. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Froneman, Carmen Michelle
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Online dating , Relationship addiction
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58871 , vital:60229
- Description: In an online space where individuals are meeting and creating relationships, it is important to explore and understand the nuanced, complex psychological phenomena that occur. Current psychological research into the phenomena of online addictiveness has gained traction with international studies exploring and expanding on this phenomena. Definitions of internet addiction differ widely, but research indicates that addicts expend large amounts of time online and that using the internet becomes a significant part of their everyday lives. Consequently, exploring individual’s experiences of online addiction within a romantic context becomes more relevant. The aim of this study was to explore and describe adults lived experiences of addictiveness in the context of online romantic relationships by expanding on the previous data of Froneman’s (2016) study. The present study utilised a qualitative approach and was exploratory and descriptive in design. The sample size of the present study was seven adult participants and semi-structured interviews were utilised as the method of data collection. Themes including motivation for using online dating, spending time online and the Biopsychosocial dynamics were identified through the participant’s narratives. These findings ultimately can be used for future research. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
HRM digitalisation and value added in the south African workplace
- Authors: Chapano, Munodani
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Personnel management , Human Resources Assessment
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57578 , vital:58094
- Description: The main objective of this study was to determine the extent and nature of value that HRM digitalisation can add to the South African workplace. Digitalisation is a product of 4IR, which refers to the process of leveraging and applying 4IR technologies within organisational operations, including HRM, with the aim of optimising business processes. HRM digitalisation refers to the adoption and application of digital HRM technologies of the 4IR in the conduct of HRM practices, policies, activities and transactions to optimise the HRM function. Due to a shortage of studies that shed light on the value contributed by HRM digitalisation in the workplace, a need arises to determine the extent and nature of this value and the strategies needed to unlock this potential in the context of the 4IR. Moreover, in most South African (SA) organisations, there has been a lack of a fully integrated approach to digital HRM. Thus, this study aims at exploring HRM digitalisation and the value it contributes to South African organisations, with the expectation of developing an articulated and integrative HRM digital strategy for South African organisations. This study was accomplished by means of a literature and an empirical study. The literature study provided theoretical information related to challenges and opportunities introduced by the 4IR in the world of work, with specific reference to the South African workplace and which therefore impact HRM and necessitate the need for digitalisation of HRM. In addition, the following were explored: HRM Digital Strategies that could be adopted and add value in the South African workplace; the extent and nature of that value; the challenges probably encountered in doing so and possible means to overcome the challenges. The discussion led to the development of a hypothetical, theoretical model of HRM digitalisation in the South African workplace. The hypothetical model was used as the basis for the development of a measuring instrument used to collect empirical data for this study. The empirical study used the online questionnaire survey as the data collection instrument that measured the extent and nature of value that various HRM Digital Strategies could vii | P a g e add to the South African workplace; perceived value and hard evidence of the impact of HRM digitalisation; and the extent and nature of challenges associated with the Adoption of HRM Digital Strategies across the HR value chain. The online survey questionnaire was administered to HR directors, HR managers, HR practitioners and line managers who worked in the automotive manufacturing industry in the municipalities of Nelson Mandela Bay in Port Elizabeth and Buffalo City in East London in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. A non-probability sampling procedure which comprised a combination of purposive and snowball sampling methods was used to select participants for the study (n = 312). The results from the empirical study, computed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (such as paired-sample t-tests, Pearson’s product moment correlation and regression analysis) showed that organisations in South Africa had invested and adopted more of Digital Talent and Digital Media strategies and less of Digital Org (Design & Culture) and Digital ERM HRM strategies across the HR value chain and as a result, had gained more value at relational level, followed by that at operational level. They gained the least value at transformational level. It was therefore revealed that if HRM professionals, managers and leaders within organisations want to boost the contribution of the HRM function towards achieving the strategic goals of the organisation (transformational level), digitalising the function is one of the best ways. They can achieve this by investing more of HRM Digital Strategies related to Digital Org (Design & Culture), followed by Digital Talent and Digital ERM strategies. Challenges related to the adoption of digital strategies across the HR value chain were only found to negatively influence Digital Org (Design & Culture) and Digital ERM strategies, whereas Digital Talent and Digital Media strategies were not negatively influenced. Based on the literature and empirical results of this study, an integrative HRM digitalisation model was designed to provide a framework approach for implementing HRM digitalisation in South African organisations. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Chapano, Munodani
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Personnel management , Human Resources Assessment
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57578 , vital:58094
- Description: The main objective of this study was to determine the extent and nature of value that HRM digitalisation can add to the South African workplace. Digitalisation is a product of 4IR, which refers to the process of leveraging and applying 4IR technologies within organisational operations, including HRM, with the aim of optimising business processes. HRM digitalisation refers to the adoption and application of digital HRM technologies of the 4IR in the conduct of HRM practices, policies, activities and transactions to optimise the HRM function. Due to a shortage of studies that shed light on the value contributed by HRM digitalisation in the workplace, a need arises to determine the extent and nature of this value and the strategies needed to unlock this potential in the context of the 4IR. Moreover, in most South African (SA) organisations, there has been a lack of a fully integrated approach to digital HRM. Thus, this study aims at exploring HRM digitalisation and the value it contributes to South African organisations, with the expectation of developing an articulated and integrative HRM digital strategy for South African organisations. This study was accomplished by means of a literature and an empirical study. The literature study provided theoretical information related to challenges and opportunities introduced by the 4IR in the world of work, with specific reference to the South African workplace and which therefore impact HRM and necessitate the need for digitalisation of HRM. In addition, the following were explored: HRM Digital Strategies that could be adopted and add value in the South African workplace; the extent and nature of that value; the challenges probably encountered in doing so and possible means to overcome the challenges. The discussion led to the development of a hypothetical, theoretical model of HRM digitalisation in the South African workplace. The hypothetical model was used as the basis for the development of a measuring instrument used to collect empirical data for this study. The empirical study used the online questionnaire survey as the data collection instrument that measured the extent and nature of value that various HRM Digital Strategies could vii | P a g e add to the South African workplace; perceived value and hard evidence of the impact of HRM digitalisation; and the extent and nature of challenges associated with the Adoption of HRM Digital Strategies across the HR value chain. The online survey questionnaire was administered to HR directors, HR managers, HR practitioners and line managers who worked in the automotive manufacturing industry in the municipalities of Nelson Mandela Bay in Port Elizabeth and Buffalo City in East London in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. A non-probability sampling procedure which comprised a combination of purposive and snowball sampling methods was used to select participants for the study (n = 312). The results from the empirical study, computed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (such as paired-sample t-tests, Pearson’s product moment correlation and regression analysis) showed that organisations in South Africa had invested and adopted more of Digital Talent and Digital Media strategies and less of Digital Org (Design & Culture) and Digital ERM HRM strategies across the HR value chain and as a result, had gained more value at relational level, followed by that at operational level. They gained the least value at transformational level. It was therefore revealed that if HRM professionals, managers and leaders within organisations want to boost the contribution of the HRM function towards achieving the strategic goals of the organisation (transformational level), digitalising the function is one of the best ways. They can achieve this by investing more of HRM Digital Strategies related to Digital Org (Design & Culture), followed by Digital Talent and Digital ERM strategies. Challenges related to the adoption of digital strategies across the HR value chain were only found to negatively influence Digital Org (Design & Culture) and Digital ERM strategies, whereas Digital Talent and Digital Media strategies were not negatively influenced. Based on the literature and empirical results of this study, an integrative HRM digitalisation model was designed to provide a framework approach for implementing HRM digitalisation in South African organisations. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Human capital of financial planners and value creation in South African financial planning businesses
- Palframan, Jaqueline birgitta
- Authors: Palframan, Jaqueline birgitta
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Human capital -- South Africa , Corporations--Finance
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58123 , vital:58582
- Description: Improved healthcare enables people to live longer and thus spend more time in retirement than ever before. In addition, South Africans have a low propensity to save and invest, resulting in the danger of them living longer than their finances permit. The financial planning industry is also experiencing the technological automation of many transactional services, which could make the “traditional” role of financial planners redundant. Furthermore, financial planning businesses are prone to failure, especially during the start-up phase. As such, appropriate business management strategies, especially those relating to human capital, are critical to facilitate the effective development of financial planning businesses and which will enable financial planners to better engage with existing and new clients, resulting in creating more value creation for their financial planning businesses and benefitting the South African economy at large. It is a well-known fact that people who engage with a financial planner report better outcomes in terms of financial and general well-being than those who approach financial planning with a “do-it-yourself” mindset, which further emphasises why the longevity of financial planning businesses in South Africa is important. To date, however, limited academic research has been conducted on the influence of financial planners’ human capital on value creation in their financial planning businesses. Furthermore, although research in the financial planning field is growing, previous research has mostly focused on areas pertaining to financial advice, the financial planning process and products used in financial planning, rather than on the creation of profitable businesses or on how to create value within these businesses. Against this background, the primary objective of this study is to investigate the influence of selected Human capitals of financial planners on value creation in South African financial planning businesses. More specifically, the study investigates the influence of the independent variables of Social capital (measured individually in terms of its sub-categories, Relational social capital, Network social capital and Cognitive social capital), Entrepreneurial capital and Psychological capital on the dependent variables (Perceived financial value creation and Perceived non-financial value creation). v Based on the primary objective and research questions of the study, as well as the assumptions of the researcher, this study was positioned in the positivistic research paradigm and a deductive approach to theory development was adopted. The purpose of the study was explanatory, and a mono-method, quantitative methodological approach was selected. A survey strategy using a cross-sectional approach was undertaken and a measuring instrument in the form of an online questionnaire was developed to gather the data required. After undertaking a pilot study, the electronic link to the covering letter and online questionnaire was sent to potential respondents identified through the convenience and snowball sampling techniques. The data collection yielded 360 usable responses from South African financial planners on which to undertake the statistical analysis. Data analysis ensued to investigate the hypothesised relationships between the independent and dependent variables. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed on each of the factors that made up the measurement models. These CFAs were compared to the various goodness-of-fit indices and then validity and reliability assessments of the factors were conducted to confirm the suitability of the measuring instrument. Thereafter, Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, average variance extracted (AVE) estimates and squared correlations between the constructs were reported. The hypothesised model was confirmed based on these analyses. Descriptive statistics and correlation results on the dependent and independent variables were then reported. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used as the statistical technique to test the significance of the hypothesised direct and moderating relationships. The results confirmed a direct, significant relationship between all the independent variables, namely, Social capital (measured individually in terms of its sub-categories, Relational social capital, Network social capital and Cognitive social capital), Entrepreneurial capital and Psychological capital, and the dependent variables (Perceived financial value creation and Perceived non-financial value creation). Regarding the hypothesised moderating influence of Social capital on the relationships between the independent variables Entrepreneurial capital and Psychological capital, and the dependent variables, it was found that only Relational social capital and Network social capital moderated the relationship between Psychological capital and Perceived financial value creation. vi This study has contributed to the body of knowledge of financial planning in general, as well as how the human capital of financial planners influences both financial and non-financial value creation in financial planning businesses. Practical recommendations were made that could enhance financial planners’ value creation in financial planning businesses, which, in turn, would influence the sustainability of these important businesses. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Palframan, Jaqueline birgitta
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Human capital -- South Africa , Corporations--Finance
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58123 , vital:58582
- Description: Improved healthcare enables people to live longer and thus spend more time in retirement than ever before. In addition, South Africans have a low propensity to save and invest, resulting in the danger of them living longer than their finances permit. The financial planning industry is also experiencing the technological automation of many transactional services, which could make the “traditional” role of financial planners redundant. Furthermore, financial planning businesses are prone to failure, especially during the start-up phase. As such, appropriate business management strategies, especially those relating to human capital, are critical to facilitate the effective development of financial planning businesses and which will enable financial planners to better engage with existing and new clients, resulting in creating more value creation for their financial planning businesses and benefitting the South African economy at large. It is a well-known fact that people who engage with a financial planner report better outcomes in terms of financial and general well-being than those who approach financial planning with a “do-it-yourself” mindset, which further emphasises why the longevity of financial planning businesses in South Africa is important. To date, however, limited academic research has been conducted on the influence of financial planners’ human capital on value creation in their financial planning businesses. Furthermore, although research in the financial planning field is growing, previous research has mostly focused on areas pertaining to financial advice, the financial planning process and products used in financial planning, rather than on the creation of profitable businesses or on how to create value within these businesses. Against this background, the primary objective of this study is to investigate the influence of selected Human capitals of financial planners on value creation in South African financial planning businesses. More specifically, the study investigates the influence of the independent variables of Social capital (measured individually in terms of its sub-categories, Relational social capital, Network social capital and Cognitive social capital), Entrepreneurial capital and Psychological capital on the dependent variables (Perceived financial value creation and Perceived non-financial value creation). v Based on the primary objective and research questions of the study, as well as the assumptions of the researcher, this study was positioned in the positivistic research paradigm and a deductive approach to theory development was adopted. The purpose of the study was explanatory, and a mono-method, quantitative methodological approach was selected. A survey strategy using a cross-sectional approach was undertaken and a measuring instrument in the form of an online questionnaire was developed to gather the data required. After undertaking a pilot study, the electronic link to the covering letter and online questionnaire was sent to potential respondents identified through the convenience and snowball sampling techniques. The data collection yielded 360 usable responses from South African financial planners on which to undertake the statistical analysis. Data analysis ensued to investigate the hypothesised relationships between the independent and dependent variables. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed on each of the factors that made up the measurement models. These CFAs were compared to the various goodness-of-fit indices and then validity and reliability assessments of the factors were conducted to confirm the suitability of the measuring instrument. Thereafter, Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, average variance extracted (AVE) estimates and squared correlations between the constructs were reported. The hypothesised model was confirmed based on these analyses. Descriptive statistics and correlation results on the dependent and independent variables were then reported. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used as the statistical technique to test the significance of the hypothesised direct and moderating relationships. The results confirmed a direct, significant relationship between all the independent variables, namely, Social capital (measured individually in terms of its sub-categories, Relational social capital, Network social capital and Cognitive social capital), Entrepreneurial capital and Psychological capital, and the dependent variables (Perceived financial value creation and Perceived non-financial value creation). Regarding the hypothesised moderating influence of Social capital on the relationships between the independent variables Entrepreneurial capital and Psychological capital, and the dependent variables, it was found that only Relational social capital and Network social capital moderated the relationship between Psychological capital and Perceived financial value creation. vi This study has contributed to the body of knowledge of financial planning in general, as well as how the human capital of financial planners influences both financial and non-financial value creation in financial planning businesses. Practical recommendations were made that could enhance financial planners’ value creation in financial planning businesses, which, in turn, would influence the sustainability of these important businesses. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Hydraulic vulnerability of Subtropical Thicket to drought : a remote sensing and physiological perspective
- Authors: Buttner, Daniel Harry
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55455 , vital:52017
- Description: Water availability is one of largest constraints on plant survival, growth, and species distribution globally. The recent escalation in tree mortality coupled with declining precipitation and amplified temperatures has implicated drought as a major cause behind many large-scale dieback events observed across the world. Raising the question, what makes some species more resistant and persist while others dwindle and vanish from the landscape? The observed variability in species drought susceptibility demonstrates the complexity of physiological responses of plants to changes in water availability. Hydraulic dysfunction in plants has been purported to be the key mechanism behind drought-induced mortality provoking interest in hydraulic traits and critical thresholds of xylem physiological function. The capability of species to maintain hydraulic functionality under drought strongly influences the survival and general productivity towards water deficits. Hence, two core objectives, and subsequently aims, of this thesis are firstly to investigate the effect of drought on Subtropical Thicket vegetation health and productivity, and secondly to examine the underpinning physiological mechanisms and functional thresholds relaying speciesspecific drought vulnerability within this semi-arid biome. In first data chapter, this thesis offers an assessment of vegetation change under drought and its influence on plant physiological function and productivity across a subsection of Subtropical Thicket distribution. Additionally, this chapter provides a regional scale perspective of drought on Subtropical Thicket flora in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. A severe anomalous dieback event, which coincided with extreme, accumulative drought conditions was observed in 2020. Employing a combination of field-based approaches and remote sensing, this chapter aimed to provide a comprehensive report of the extent and severity of crown defoliation and canopy dieback following this event, additionally describing predisposing and compounding factors. Based on Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration and Standardized Precipitation Indices this event began in 2015 and coincided with amplified temperatures, exacerbating evaporative demand. Aerial UAV surveys and field-based investigations were undertaken. Remotely sensed (RS) indices provided an avenue for extensive spatiotemporal investigations to uncover the extent of drought-related impact on vegetation productivity and discuss potential underpinning mechanisms behind drought-induced mortality in Subtropical Thicket. Leveraging long-term time series RS data, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellites as a proxy vegetation physiological status in combination with SPI and SPEI describing drought condition and groundbased surveying defining canopy vitality condition this study incidentally addressed the aim of endeavoring to link drought-induced mortality and early warning symptoms observed in the field with RS time series data to describe drought impacts across Subtropical Thicket. Furthermore, the findings of this chapter demonstrate the spatial and temporal heterogeneity in drought impacts on Subtropical Thicket. The recent drought of 2015 till 2021 is the longest documented period for the past 50 years in which there has been no accumulated net positive water availability, this apparently perpetual state of water deficiency has enacted a high cost for vegetation productivity and growth for the study area, exhibited well by average NDVI values of less than -0.5 for over 70% of the research site. The findings of this chapter report, to the contrary of anecdotal suggestions in the literature, on the intrinsic tolerance of Subtropical Thicket and that ii drought has a far more significant role on overall vegetation productivity, growth, and mortality in this region. The second data chapter assess whole-plant physiological functionality during a drought event in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. This is the first study in Subtropical Thicket to quantify in situ hydraulic functional integrity under a natural drought event testing the leading hypothesis describing tree mortality – hydraulic dysfunction. This chapter firstly, investigates hydraulic traits (e.g., turgor loss point) and describe key physiological thresholds (e.g., P50) for maintaining function during drought. Secondly, levels of native embolism were determined under drought conditions and combined with measurements of xylem vulnerability to embolism providing an estimation of degree of hydraulic dysfunction experienced by six dominant woody canopy species in Subtropical Thicket – to quantify interspecific drought tolerance and susceptibility. Subtropical Thicket species exhibited remarkable tolerance towards desiccation (TLP from as low as -3MPa) and hydraulic functional resistance to embolism (P50 value as low as -7.89MPa). The observed unexpected drought resilience of subtropical derived lineages highlights the intrinsic evolutionary role aridification had, selecting for greater embolism resistance and community-level conservatism in drought resistance of Subtropical Thicket. The level of native embolism and hydraulic safety margins identified two species (Schotia latifolia and Polyagla myrtifolia) that were the most vulnerable, and a third (Pappea capensis) moderately vulnerable, then the remaining studied species – this could result in community-level adjustments in species composition and structure under future projected climate change scenarios where, increased frequencies of drought events are anticipated. This retrospective assessment of canopy vigor with physiological functional thresholds evokes hydraulic dysfunction as the principal mechanism of observed Subtropical Thicket dieback to drought. This chapter provides crucial in situ data for predictive assertions around drought-induced mortality risk in a phylogenetically diverse and climatically unique biome of southern Africa; and is the first to identify critical hydraulic thresholds for tree species within this region. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Buttner, Daniel Harry
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55455 , vital:52017
- Description: Water availability is one of largest constraints on plant survival, growth, and species distribution globally. The recent escalation in tree mortality coupled with declining precipitation and amplified temperatures has implicated drought as a major cause behind many large-scale dieback events observed across the world. Raising the question, what makes some species more resistant and persist while others dwindle and vanish from the landscape? The observed variability in species drought susceptibility demonstrates the complexity of physiological responses of plants to changes in water availability. Hydraulic dysfunction in plants has been purported to be the key mechanism behind drought-induced mortality provoking interest in hydraulic traits and critical thresholds of xylem physiological function. The capability of species to maintain hydraulic functionality under drought strongly influences the survival and general productivity towards water deficits. Hence, two core objectives, and subsequently aims, of this thesis are firstly to investigate the effect of drought on Subtropical Thicket vegetation health and productivity, and secondly to examine the underpinning physiological mechanisms and functional thresholds relaying speciesspecific drought vulnerability within this semi-arid biome. In first data chapter, this thesis offers an assessment of vegetation change under drought and its influence on plant physiological function and productivity across a subsection of Subtropical Thicket distribution. Additionally, this chapter provides a regional scale perspective of drought on Subtropical Thicket flora in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. A severe anomalous dieback event, which coincided with extreme, accumulative drought conditions was observed in 2020. Employing a combination of field-based approaches and remote sensing, this chapter aimed to provide a comprehensive report of the extent and severity of crown defoliation and canopy dieback following this event, additionally describing predisposing and compounding factors. Based on Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration and Standardized Precipitation Indices this event began in 2015 and coincided with amplified temperatures, exacerbating evaporative demand. Aerial UAV surveys and field-based investigations were undertaken. Remotely sensed (RS) indices provided an avenue for extensive spatiotemporal investigations to uncover the extent of drought-related impact on vegetation productivity and discuss potential underpinning mechanisms behind drought-induced mortality in Subtropical Thicket. Leveraging long-term time series RS data, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellites as a proxy vegetation physiological status in combination with SPI and SPEI describing drought condition and groundbased surveying defining canopy vitality condition this study incidentally addressed the aim of endeavoring to link drought-induced mortality and early warning symptoms observed in the field with RS time series data to describe drought impacts across Subtropical Thicket. Furthermore, the findings of this chapter demonstrate the spatial and temporal heterogeneity in drought impacts on Subtropical Thicket. The recent drought of 2015 till 2021 is the longest documented period for the past 50 years in which there has been no accumulated net positive water availability, this apparently perpetual state of water deficiency has enacted a high cost for vegetation productivity and growth for the study area, exhibited well by average NDVI values of less than -0.5 for over 70% of the research site. The findings of this chapter report, to the contrary of anecdotal suggestions in the literature, on the intrinsic tolerance of Subtropical Thicket and that ii drought has a far more significant role on overall vegetation productivity, growth, and mortality in this region. The second data chapter assess whole-plant physiological functionality during a drought event in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. This is the first study in Subtropical Thicket to quantify in situ hydraulic functional integrity under a natural drought event testing the leading hypothesis describing tree mortality – hydraulic dysfunction. This chapter firstly, investigates hydraulic traits (e.g., turgor loss point) and describe key physiological thresholds (e.g., P50) for maintaining function during drought. Secondly, levels of native embolism were determined under drought conditions and combined with measurements of xylem vulnerability to embolism providing an estimation of degree of hydraulic dysfunction experienced by six dominant woody canopy species in Subtropical Thicket – to quantify interspecific drought tolerance and susceptibility. Subtropical Thicket species exhibited remarkable tolerance towards desiccation (TLP from as low as -3MPa) and hydraulic functional resistance to embolism (P50 value as low as -7.89MPa). The observed unexpected drought resilience of subtropical derived lineages highlights the intrinsic evolutionary role aridification had, selecting for greater embolism resistance and community-level conservatism in drought resistance of Subtropical Thicket. The level of native embolism and hydraulic safety margins identified two species (Schotia latifolia and Polyagla myrtifolia) that were the most vulnerable, and a third (Pappea capensis) moderately vulnerable, then the remaining studied species – this could result in community-level adjustments in species composition and structure under future projected climate change scenarios where, increased frequencies of drought events are anticipated. This retrospective assessment of canopy vigor with physiological functional thresholds evokes hydraulic dysfunction as the principal mechanism of observed Subtropical Thicket dieback to drought. This chapter provides crucial in situ data for predictive assertions around drought-induced mortality risk in a phylogenetically diverse and climatically unique biome of southern Africa; and is the first to identify critical hydraulic thresholds for tree species within this region. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Ifuthe leelwimi kwimpumelelo yabafundi bebanga leshumi elinambini kwizifundo zejiyografi(sezelizwe) kwizikolo ezibini ezichongiweyo kwisithili saseMonti
- Authors: Gcaki, Nomnqakati
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55342 , vital:51915
- Description: Isahluko sokuqala sixoxa ngengxaki yophando esi siseko kolu phando, nemibuzo yophando kunye neenjongo zokuba isifundo esikhoyo sifuna ukufezekisa ntoni. Ngokunxulumene nengxaki ephandwayo, esi sahluko sigxile kuphononongo loncwadi ukuze kuhlolwe ubudlelwane phakathi kolwimi lokufundisa kunye nempumelelo yabafundi kwiBanga le-12 kwisifundo seJiyografi. Ukuhlolwa koncwadi kuthathwe kwimigaqo-nkqubo yokufundisa kunye neethiyori zophuhliso lokuqonda nenkcubeko. Inkqubo yeethiyori ezikhethiweyo zisetyenziselwa ukwenza ingqiqo yokuba ulwimi lokufundisa luba nefuthe njani ekufundiseni nasekukhuleni kwengqondo nokuqiqa komfundi. Ngophononongo loncwadi, umphandi unqwenela ukufumanisa ubunzima abahlangabezana nabo abafundi ekufundeni iJiyografi ngolwimi lwesiNgesi kwiBanga leshumi elinesibini. Olu phando luza kuphonononga nzulu ifuthe leelwimi kwimpumelelo yabafundi kwisifundo seJiyografi kubafundi besigaba seshumi elinambini kujoliswe kwindlela abaphumelela ngayo kwiimviwo zokuphela konyaka.Olu phando luza kujongwa kwizikolo ezibini kwiphondo leMpuma Koloni kwisithili saseMonti phakathi kweminyaka wama-2016 ukuya kuma-2018.Ngokophando esele lwenziwe, abafundi abalwimi lwabo lwasekhaya lusisiXhosa kufanele ukuba bafundiswa ngolwimi lwabo abazikhethele lona ukutsho oko isiXhosa kwaye bavavanywe kwangalo. Oku akunjalo njengoko amaphepha abo ovavanyo engolwimi lwesiNgesi, lwimi olo olufika lubabeke phantsi konxinzelelo olukhulu olubenza bangabinakho ukuzithemba nokuziva bekhululekile xa bephendula imibuzo emagumbini okufundela. Umphandi olu luvo uluseka ngengxelo ayifumene kumaxwebhu eSebe lezeMfundo (2018 NSC Chief Markers Report) yesifundo seJiyografi iphepha lokuqala. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Language, Media and Communication, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Gcaki, Nomnqakati
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55342 , vital:51915
- Description: Isahluko sokuqala sixoxa ngengxaki yophando esi siseko kolu phando, nemibuzo yophando kunye neenjongo zokuba isifundo esikhoyo sifuna ukufezekisa ntoni. Ngokunxulumene nengxaki ephandwayo, esi sahluko sigxile kuphononongo loncwadi ukuze kuhlolwe ubudlelwane phakathi kolwimi lokufundisa kunye nempumelelo yabafundi kwiBanga le-12 kwisifundo seJiyografi. Ukuhlolwa koncwadi kuthathwe kwimigaqo-nkqubo yokufundisa kunye neethiyori zophuhliso lokuqonda nenkcubeko. Inkqubo yeethiyori ezikhethiweyo zisetyenziselwa ukwenza ingqiqo yokuba ulwimi lokufundisa luba nefuthe njani ekufundiseni nasekukhuleni kwengqondo nokuqiqa komfundi. Ngophononongo loncwadi, umphandi unqwenela ukufumanisa ubunzima abahlangabezana nabo abafundi ekufundeni iJiyografi ngolwimi lwesiNgesi kwiBanga leshumi elinesibini. Olu phando luza kuphonononga nzulu ifuthe leelwimi kwimpumelelo yabafundi kwisifundo seJiyografi kubafundi besigaba seshumi elinambini kujoliswe kwindlela abaphumelela ngayo kwiimviwo zokuphela konyaka.Olu phando luza kujongwa kwizikolo ezibini kwiphondo leMpuma Koloni kwisithili saseMonti phakathi kweminyaka wama-2016 ukuya kuma-2018.Ngokophando esele lwenziwe, abafundi abalwimi lwabo lwasekhaya lusisiXhosa kufanele ukuba bafundiswa ngolwimi lwabo abazikhethele lona ukutsho oko isiXhosa kwaye bavavanywe kwangalo. Oku akunjalo njengoko amaphepha abo ovavanyo engolwimi lwesiNgesi, lwimi olo olufika lubabeke phantsi konxinzelelo olukhulu olubenza bangabinakho ukuzithemba nokuziva bekhululekile xa bephendula imibuzo emagumbini okufundela. Umphandi olu luvo uluseka ngengxelo ayifumene kumaxwebhu eSebe lezeMfundo (2018 NSC Chief Markers Report) yesifundo seJiyografi iphepha lokuqala. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Language, Media and Communication, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Illicit economic activities of irregular warfare groups: A case study of the Islamic state (is) and the response of the international community
- Authors: Mdhluli, Kurisani Dankie
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Petroleum industry and trade --Political aspects , Terrorism , Middle East --Foreign relations
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55269 , vital:51433
- Description: This study is about the illicit economic activities (especially oil smuggling) of the Islamic State (IS) and the response of the international community (UNSC, national governments, and nonstate actors) from 2014 until 2021. The context of the study is the ongoing Syrian civil war and the IS Caliphate, in Syria and Iraq. Through Critical Terrorism Studies (CTS) as a critical approach to terrorism studies the study investigates the contribution of oil smuggling to the military strength of the IS. The study evaluates the effectuality of the force-based counterterrorism strategies deployed by the international community against the IS. Ultimately, the study develops a CTS-oriented approach to understanding how actions can be taken to counteract similar global terror threats in the future. The IS is a global Salafi Islamic irregular warfare group that originates from the Middle East. In June 2014, the IS proclaimed a Caliphate (Islamic state) in the Middle East, only for it to be dismantled by the US-led coalition forces and local Kurdish forces in 2019. The study applies qualitative documentary research. It utilises both primary and secondary sources. The research findings reveal that oil smuggling was a significant source of income for the IS only for a short period of time (early 2014 till late 2015). However, few other economic activities of the IS were consistent in generating income throughout. Furthermore, no evidence suggests that illicit oil trade profits of the IS were used to strengthen the military capacity of the organization. Instead, data revealed that the IS relied heavily on military weapons seized from its opponents on the battlefield including weapons from the US that were meant for the local Kurdish forces. The findings further reveal that while military force (mainly airstrikes) by the international community significantly reduced IS’s oil production and smuggling activities, they at the same time also exacerbated social challenges such as the refugee crisis, damage to infrastructure and loss of innocent civilian lives. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, History and Political Studies , 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mdhluli, Kurisani Dankie
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Petroleum industry and trade --Political aspects , Terrorism , Middle East --Foreign relations
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55269 , vital:51433
- Description: This study is about the illicit economic activities (especially oil smuggling) of the Islamic State (IS) and the response of the international community (UNSC, national governments, and nonstate actors) from 2014 until 2021. The context of the study is the ongoing Syrian civil war and the IS Caliphate, in Syria and Iraq. Through Critical Terrorism Studies (CTS) as a critical approach to terrorism studies the study investigates the contribution of oil smuggling to the military strength of the IS. The study evaluates the effectuality of the force-based counterterrorism strategies deployed by the international community against the IS. Ultimately, the study develops a CTS-oriented approach to understanding how actions can be taken to counteract similar global terror threats in the future. The IS is a global Salafi Islamic irregular warfare group that originates from the Middle East. In June 2014, the IS proclaimed a Caliphate (Islamic state) in the Middle East, only for it to be dismantled by the US-led coalition forces and local Kurdish forces in 2019. The study applies qualitative documentary research. It utilises both primary and secondary sources. The research findings reveal that oil smuggling was a significant source of income for the IS only for a short period of time (early 2014 till late 2015). However, few other economic activities of the IS were consistent in generating income throughout. Furthermore, no evidence suggests that illicit oil trade profits of the IS were used to strengthen the military capacity of the organization. Instead, data revealed that the IS relied heavily on military weapons seized from its opponents on the battlefield including weapons from the US that were meant for the local Kurdish forces. The findings further reveal that while military force (mainly airstrikes) by the international community significantly reduced IS’s oil production and smuggling activities, they at the same time also exacerbated social challenges such as the refugee crisis, damage to infrastructure and loss of innocent civilian lives. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, History and Political Studies , 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Impacts of algal blooms in a temperate Estuarine fish nursery area, South Africa
- Authors: Bornman, Eugin
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Cyanobacterial toxins --Environmental aspects , Estuarine eutrophication --South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55899 , vital:54398
- Description: Anthropogenically-derived eutrophication and Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) are an increasing threat to estuarine ecosystems globally. The rapid population growth in coastal areas and the mismanagement of water resources have led to the rapid increase in eutrophication in estuaries. Consequently, HABs have become frequent phenomena with severe impacts on the ecological functioning of these systems. A paucity exists in understanding the specific mechanisms of how HABs impact estuarine communities globally. This has not been studied in South Africa, despite the observed increase in the occurrence of HABs in the past few decades. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of HABs on the ecological functioning of the anthropogenically altered Sundays Estuary, South Africa, which is affected by predictable and recurrent HABs of the raphidophyte, Heterosigma akashiwo. This study found that a high density (> 1000 cell m L-1 ) of H. akashiwo was present during all but the winter months in the poly- to mesohaline zone, yet it peaked in warmer spring/summer months with a density of ca. 70 000 cell m L-1 corresponding to 800 µg Chl-a L -1 . This species significantly altered the estuary's water quality, causing supersaturated surface- and hypoxic bottom-water during severe HABs or referred to as hypereutrophic bloom phases (> 60 µg Chl-a L -1 ). Despite these changes, the common copepod, Pseudodiaptomus hessei, occurred at similar densities among HAB phases and responded to similar triggers to the HAB. However, a shift in predator-prey interactions within the zooplankton community was evident, with scavenger or opportunist species such as the isopod, Cirolana fluviatilis, and the polychaete, Perinereis falsovariegata, occurring at higher densities during hypereutrophic bloom phases. The overall abundance of juvenile and small adult fishes were high during HABs, but the diversity decreased during HABs. Some species, notably the Mugilidae occurred at lower densities during HABs. Mugilidae also had pronounced histological gill alterations and a lowered proportion of secondary lamellae available for gas exchange during an in situ cage experiment where fishes were isolated inside and outside the HAB. Deformities such as tumorous growths were also found for the first time in a South African Estuary. This indicated a stressed population of Mugilidae in the Sundays Estuary. The ubiquitous mugilid, Mugil cephalus, actively avoided HABs during an acoustic telemetry study, despite having a home range that overlapped the HAB area. Tagged individuals mostly occupied areas directly above the HAB in the upper mesohaline to lower oligohaline zones and only iv briefly transitioned through the HAB area to utilise the lower reaches of the estuary. Since the formation of HABs is reliant on various factors, including specific species responses, environmental variables, nutrient enrichment, and flow characteristics, the impacts of HABs on estuarine communities may vary between estuarine systems or affected species. Therefore, more research that focuses on the impacts of HABs on estuaries is needed to limit the potential loss of ecosystem services. Particularly in light of further unsustainable development, upstream freshwater abstraction and climate change, will cause more frequent and severe HABs, that may result in fish population declines in the long-term. Better management and mitigation strategies are needed to reduce HAB formation such as reducing nutrient enrichment and restoring natural freshwater flow and flooding events to the Sundays Estuary. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Bornman, Eugin
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Cyanobacterial toxins --Environmental aspects , Estuarine eutrophication --South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55899 , vital:54398
- Description: Anthropogenically-derived eutrophication and Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) are an increasing threat to estuarine ecosystems globally. The rapid population growth in coastal areas and the mismanagement of water resources have led to the rapid increase in eutrophication in estuaries. Consequently, HABs have become frequent phenomena with severe impacts on the ecological functioning of these systems. A paucity exists in understanding the specific mechanisms of how HABs impact estuarine communities globally. This has not been studied in South Africa, despite the observed increase in the occurrence of HABs in the past few decades. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of HABs on the ecological functioning of the anthropogenically altered Sundays Estuary, South Africa, which is affected by predictable and recurrent HABs of the raphidophyte, Heterosigma akashiwo. This study found that a high density (> 1000 cell m L-1 ) of H. akashiwo was present during all but the winter months in the poly- to mesohaline zone, yet it peaked in warmer spring/summer months with a density of ca. 70 000 cell m L-1 corresponding to 800 µg Chl-a L -1 . This species significantly altered the estuary's water quality, causing supersaturated surface- and hypoxic bottom-water during severe HABs or referred to as hypereutrophic bloom phases (> 60 µg Chl-a L -1 ). Despite these changes, the common copepod, Pseudodiaptomus hessei, occurred at similar densities among HAB phases and responded to similar triggers to the HAB. However, a shift in predator-prey interactions within the zooplankton community was evident, with scavenger or opportunist species such as the isopod, Cirolana fluviatilis, and the polychaete, Perinereis falsovariegata, occurring at higher densities during hypereutrophic bloom phases. The overall abundance of juvenile and small adult fishes were high during HABs, but the diversity decreased during HABs. Some species, notably the Mugilidae occurred at lower densities during HABs. Mugilidae also had pronounced histological gill alterations and a lowered proportion of secondary lamellae available for gas exchange during an in situ cage experiment where fishes were isolated inside and outside the HAB. Deformities such as tumorous growths were also found for the first time in a South African Estuary. This indicated a stressed population of Mugilidae in the Sundays Estuary. The ubiquitous mugilid, Mugil cephalus, actively avoided HABs during an acoustic telemetry study, despite having a home range that overlapped the HAB area. Tagged individuals mostly occupied areas directly above the HAB in the upper mesohaline to lower oligohaline zones and only iv briefly transitioned through the HAB area to utilise the lower reaches of the estuary. Since the formation of HABs is reliant on various factors, including specific species responses, environmental variables, nutrient enrichment, and flow characteristics, the impacts of HABs on estuarine communities may vary between estuarine systems or affected species. Therefore, more research that focuses on the impacts of HABs on estuaries is needed to limit the potential loss of ecosystem services. Particularly in light of further unsustainable development, upstream freshwater abstraction and climate change, will cause more frequent and severe HABs, that may result in fish population declines in the long-term. Better management and mitigation strategies are needed to reduce HAB formation such as reducing nutrient enrichment and restoring natural freshwater flow and flooding events to the Sundays Estuary. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Improving hospital efficiency through preventative medical equipment maintenance intervention
- Authors: Hill, Michael Gary
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Medical suppliers , Medical imaging equipment industry
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57687 , vital:58200
- Description: This research study explores the management of medical equipment maintenance within South African Hospitals. The study aims to identify the risks and challenges Clinical Engineers experience at their facilities. This study was initiated because the author discovered multiple abandoned medical devices in a single ward that were not reported to the Clinical Engineering Department. This study compromises of secondary research in the form of a literature review that that explores Clinical engineering, the medical negligence claims and the importance of medical equipment maintenance and the management thereof. Primary data was collected from Clinical Engineers at various facilities, that were asked to participate in an online questionnaire. The primary research was based in a pragmatist paradigm with an inductive approach, using a mixed methods methodological choice. A survey strategy was used over a cross-sectional time horizon. The empirical results provided an understanding into how the Clinical Engineers are managing the maintenance of their medical equipment and the challenges that they face, looking at the inventory management systems, resource management, preventative maintenance, and fault reporting. Recommendations and conclusion were made relating to the findings of the primary research and the insight it provided. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Hill, Michael Gary
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Medical suppliers , Medical imaging equipment industry
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57687 , vital:58200
- Description: This research study explores the management of medical equipment maintenance within South African Hospitals. The study aims to identify the risks and challenges Clinical Engineers experience at their facilities. This study was initiated because the author discovered multiple abandoned medical devices in a single ward that were not reported to the Clinical Engineering Department. This study compromises of secondary research in the form of a literature review that that explores Clinical engineering, the medical negligence claims and the importance of medical equipment maintenance and the management thereof. Primary data was collected from Clinical Engineers at various facilities, that were asked to participate in an online questionnaire. The primary research was based in a pragmatist paradigm with an inductive approach, using a mixed methods methodological choice. A survey strategy was used over a cross-sectional time horizon. The empirical results provided an understanding into how the Clinical Engineers are managing the maintenance of their medical equipment and the challenges that they face, looking at the inventory management systems, resource management, preventative maintenance, and fault reporting. Recommendations and conclusion were made relating to the findings of the primary research and the insight it provided. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Induction Heating as an alternative Localised Post Weld Heat Treatment for Friction Taper Hydro-Pillar Welds on thick-walled steam pipes
- Authors: De Klerk, Julien Vincent
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Welding , Friction welding
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58329 , vital:58984
- Description: Welding procedures regularly require a Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) after the completion of a weld. This PWHT process is principally to mitigate unwanted effects of the welding process which may negatively influence the functional performance of the welded structure. Amongst the unwanted effects that may arise due to welding is the development of unintended metallurgical and mechanical properties. This includes the creation of an un-tempered martensitic structure due to the rapid cooling of the weld region from temperatures above the material’s critical temperature. This typically results in weld regions with high tensile strength and high hardness, but also characterised by low ductility and reduced toughness. In order to improve ductility and toughness a PWHT cycle is often completed on the welded structure. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: De Klerk, Julien Vincent
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Welding , Friction welding
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58329 , vital:58984
- Description: Welding procedures regularly require a Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) after the completion of a weld. This PWHT process is principally to mitigate unwanted effects of the welding process which may negatively influence the functional performance of the welded structure. Amongst the unwanted effects that may arise due to welding is the development of unintended metallurgical and mechanical properties. This includes the creation of an un-tempered martensitic structure due to the rapid cooling of the weld region from temperatures above the material’s critical temperature. This typically results in weld regions with high tensile strength and high hardness, but also characterised by low ductility and reduced toughness. In order to improve ductility and toughness a PWHT cycle is often completed on the welded structure. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Industrial attachment and graduate employability in technical vocational education and training: a case of agriculture education in Zimbabwe
- Authors: Edziwa, Xavier
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Vocational education -- Zimbabwe , College graduates -- Employment , Technical education -- Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral , Thesis
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/56022 , vital:54939
- Description: Institutions of higher learning, the world over, have adopted means of producing graduates that are work-ready and Zimbabwe is no exception. In Zimbabwe, a Commission of Inquiry into Education and Training recommended the introduction of vocational education and the introduction of a programme that improves the work-readiness of higher education graduates. This culminated in the institutions of higher education introducing industrial attachments in their curricular. This study was designed to explore the nature and implementation of industrial attachment by agricultural technical and vocational education and training institutions in Zimbabwe, as a way of enhancing students’ graduate attributes. It was done to hopefully improve policy and practice in the use of industrial attachment in imparting skills among college students. The research presented in this thesis, focuses on three case studies that were eclectically sampled, and data collected through focus group discussion with students and face-to-face individual interviews with college academia and workplace mentors. The study commenced by first establishing what stakeholders perceived as the employability skills expected of a graduate who has gone through an agricultural technical and vocational and training programme, and then explored how the IA programmes have been operationalised. Kolb’s experiential learning theory was used in the designing of research instruments and answering the research questions. The study established that the students generally perceived graduate attributes differently from academia and industry personnel. It was also established that current industrial attachment practices in agricultural training appear to favour production of graduates that are geared towards looking for employment, as opposed to the students’ perceptions that the 21st higher education institutions should produce graduates who create employment. While industrial attachment has been adopted by the institutions, this study identified a myriad of challenges that call for vii improvement in the practice if students are to benefit from the industrial attachment endeavours. The study ends by proposing a model that embraces students’ voice and is deemed to produce agricultural technical and vocational education and training graduates who are employment creators. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Education, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Edziwa, Xavier
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Vocational education -- Zimbabwe , College graduates -- Employment , Technical education -- Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral , Thesis
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/56022 , vital:54939
- Description: Institutions of higher learning, the world over, have adopted means of producing graduates that are work-ready and Zimbabwe is no exception. In Zimbabwe, a Commission of Inquiry into Education and Training recommended the introduction of vocational education and the introduction of a programme that improves the work-readiness of higher education graduates. This culminated in the institutions of higher education introducing industrial attachments in their curricular. This study was designed to explore the nature and implementation of industrial attachment by agricultural technical and vocational education and training institutions in Zimbabwe, as a way of enhancing students’ graduate attributes. It was done to hopefully improve policy and practice in the use of industrial attachment in imparting skills among college students. The research presented in this thesis, focuses on three case studies that were eclectically sampled, and data collected through focus group discussion with students and face-to-face individual interviews with college academia and workplace mentors. The study commenced by first establishing what stakeholders perceived as the employability skills expected of a graduate who has gone through an agricultural technical and vocational and training programme, and then explored how the IA programmes have been operationalised. Kolb’s experiential learning theory was used in the designing of research instruments and answering the research questions. The study established that the students generally perceived graduate attributes differently from academia and industry personnel. It was also established that current industrial attachment practices in agricultural training appear to favour production of graduates that are geared towards looking for employment, as opposed to the students’ perceptions that the 21st higher education institutions should produce graduates who create employment. While industrial attachment has been adopted by the institutions, this study identified a myriad of challenges that call for vii improvement in the practice if students are to benefit from the industrial attachment endeavours. The study ends by proposing a model that embraces students’ voice and is deemed to produce agricultural technical and vocational education and training graduates who are employment creators. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Education, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Information technology (IT) measures needed In the automotive industry to prepare for a pandemic
- Authors: Marwayi, Sisanda
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Information technology , Automobile industry and trade
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57864 , vital:58292
- Description: Information Technology is the application of technology to solve business or organisational problems on a broad scale. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought a standstill to many businesses, including that of the automotive industry, where production was brought to halt, car sales plummeted and automotive industry employees were forced to work remotely. This study sought to understand the measures needed to be taken by the automotive industry in preparation for a pandemic. This study followed a deductive approach and the use of surveys was selected as a data collection tool. At the time of the study, the study population was permanently employed automotive industry employees based in Nelson Mandela Bay, working in administrative departments. These employees had access to ICT tools provided by the targeted company. The study aimed to investigate the IT measures needed by the automotive industry in preparation for a pandemic. More specifically, the study investigated IT infrastructure, financial support and communication, as well as IT skills and training, needed by the automotive industry in the Nelson Mandela Bay area for successful remote working. The empirical results were obtained from 127 automotive industry employees. The aim was to determine the extent of Remote Work Assessment in the Nelson Mandela Bay automotive industry and whether IT infrastructure, Communication, Financial support, IT skills, IT personnel support and IT training were the strongest determinants of measuring IT needs in preparation for a pandemic. The findings of the study indicated that IT infrastructure, Communication, IT skills, IT personnel support and IT training were important determinants of Remote Work Assessment. The study also revealed that only financial support was deemed as an insignificant determinant of Remote Work Assessment. Furthermore, recommendations were made to automotive industry leaders and management to facilitate improved working conditions with government. This can lead to significantly better forecasting and vi measurement of IT needs for future pandemic preparation in the automotive industry in the Nelson Mandela Bay area. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Marwayi, Sisanda
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Information technology , Automobile industry and trade
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57864 , vital:58292
- Description: Information Technology is the application of technology to solve business or organisational problems on a broad scale. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought a standstill to many businesses, including that of the automotive industry, where production was brought to halt, car sales plummeted and automotive industry employees were forced to work remotely. This study sought to understand the measures needed to be taken by the automotive industry in preparation for a pandemic. This study followed a deductive approach and the use of surveys was selected as a data collection tool. At the time of the study, the study population was permanently employed automotive industry employees based in Nelson Mandela Bay, working in administrative departments. These employees had access to ICT tools provided by the targeted company. The study aimed to investigate the IT measures needed by the automotive industry in preparation for a pandemic. More specifically, the study investigated IT infrastructure, financial support and communication, as well as IT skills and training, needed by the automotive industry in the Nelson Mandela Bay area for successful remote working. The empirical results were obtained from 127 automotive industry employees. The aim was to determine the extent of Remote Work Assessment in the Nelson Mandela Bay automotive industry and whether IT infrastructure, Communication, Financial support, IT skills, IT personnel support and IT training were the strongest determinants of measuring IT needs in preparation for a pandemic. The findings of the study indicated that IT infrastructure, Communication, IT skills, IT personnel support and IT training were important determinants of Remote Work Assessment. The study also revealed that only financial support was deemed as an insignificant determinant of Remote Work Assessment. Furthermore, recommendations were made to automotive industry leaders and management to facilitate improved working conditions with government. This can lead to significantly better forecasting and vi measurement of IT needs for future pandemic preparation in the automotive industry in the Nelson Mandela Bay area. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Invasive radiological procedures: patients’ satisfaction with radiographers’ care in public hospitals in Ghana and South Africa
- Authors: Denteh, Derrick Kofi
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Hospitals -- Radiological services , Patient satisfaction -- Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58772 , vital:60097
- Description: There has been a steady increase in invasive radiological procedures throughout the world. The situation is no different in Ghana and South Africa where the governments have sought to increase the equipment available for such procedures in public hospitals. However, complaints by patients and radiographers at the two public hospitals in Ghana and South Africa suggested that not all patients are satisfied with the radiographers’ care provided during invasive radiological procedures. The study aimed to investigate patients’ satisfaction with radiographers’ care during invasive radiological procedures at two public hospitals in Ghana and South Africa, and thereafter to do a comparison of the two hospitals. The study utilised a quantitative, comparative descriptive design. The theoretical framework that guided this study was Cox’s Interaction Model of Client Health Behaviour. The research population consisted of participants who had undergone various invasive radiological procedures. The data were collected by means of a structured self-administered questionnaire. The reliability and validity of the data collection instrument was enhanced by conducting a pilot study as well as through peer review and the guidance of a statistician. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were undertaken and presented in the form of tables and graphs. The study was conducted in an ethical manner by adhering to the principles of beneficence, justice and respect for persons. Overall, there was greater patient satisfaction with radiographers’ care in Ghana than in South Africa. Regarding patient satisfaction and health information, a statistically significant difference was observed between both countries (t = 10.02, df = 218, p = 0.000 and d = 1.36). Concerning patient satisfaction and affective support, a statistically significant difference was observed with a medium effect size (t = -4.34, df = 22, p = 0.000, d = 0.59). Patient satisfaction and decisional control was shown to have a statistically significant difference between the two countries (t = 20.27, df = 218, p = 0.000 and d = 2.73). Regarding professional/technical competencies, a statistically significant difference was observed with large size effect between the two countries (t = -6.77, df = 22, p = 0.000 and d = 0.91). In conclusion, the two countries were shown to differ regarding patient satisfaction in relation to Cox’s domains of health information, decisional control, affective support v and professional/technical competencies. In Ghana, there was greater patient satisfaction in relation to health information and decisional control than in South Africa. Conversely, in South Africa patient satisfaction in relation to affective support and professional/technical competencies was higher than in Ghana. As such, patient satisfaction could be improved if radiography management seeks to find ways to address these aspects in the hospitals under study in Ghana and South Africa. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Denteh, Derrick Kofi
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Hospitals -- Radiological services , Patient satisfaction -- Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58772 , vital:60097
- Description: There has been a steady increase in invasive radiological procedures throughout the world. The situation is no different in Ghana and South Africa where the governments have sought to increase the equipment available for such procedures in public hospitals. However, complaints by patients and radiographers at the two public hospitals in Ghana and South Africa suggested that not all patients are satisfied with the radiographers’ care provided during invasive radiological procedures. The study aimed to investigate patients’ satisfaction with radiographers’ care during invasive radiological procedures at two public hospitals in Ghana and South Africa, and thereafter to do a comparison of the two hospitals. The study utilised a quantitative, comparative descriptive design. The theoretical framework that guided this study was Cox’s Interaction Model of Client Health Behaviour. The research population consisted of participants who had undergone various invasive radiological procedures. The data were collected by means of a structured self-administered questionnaire. The reliability and validity of the data collection instrument was enhanced by conducting a pilot study as well as through peer review and the guidance of a statistician. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were undertaken and presented in the form of tables and graphs. The study was conducted in an ethical manner by adhering to the principles of beneficence, justice and respect for persons. Overall, there was greater patient satisfaction with radiographers’ care in Ghana than in South Africa. Regarding patient satisfaction and health information, a statistically significant difference was observed between both countries (t = 10.02, df = 218, p = 0.000 and d = 1.36). Concerning patient satisfaction and affective support, a statistically significant difference was observed with a medium effect size (t = -4.34, df = 22, p = 0.000, d = 0.59). Patient satisfaction and decisional control was shown to have a statistically significant difference between the two countries (t = 20.27, df = 218, p = 0.000 and d = 2.73). Regarding professional/technical competencies, a statistically significant difference was observed with large size effect between the two countries (t = -6.77, df = 22, p = 0.000 and d = 0.91). In conclusion, the two countries were shown to differ regarding patient satisfaction in relation to Cox’s domains of health information, decisional control, affective support v and professional/technical competencies. In Ghana, there was greater patient satisfaction in relation to health information and decisional control than in South Africa. Conversely, in South Africa patient satisfaction in relation to affective support and professional/technical competencies was higher than in Ghana. As such, patient satisfaction could be improved if radiography management seeks to find ways to address these aspects in the hospitals under study in Ghana and South Africa. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Investigating the first level of pass -through effects of the SACU region monetary transmission mechanism
- Authors: Mkhombo, Thando
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Monetary unions -- Africa, Southern , Foreign exchange market
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55998 , vital:54562
- Description: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the first-level pass-through effects of monetary policy transmission in SACU using the wavelet analysis methodology. The thesis comprises four empirical themes. 1. Investigating the time-frequency relationship in the Fisher’s effect for SACU countries. 2. Investigating the time-frequency relationship in the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) for SACU countries. 3. Investigating the time-frequency relationship between the exchange rate and the stock returns for SACU countries. 4. Investigating the time-frequency relationship between interest rates, exchange rates, and stock returns for SACU countries. Whilst there exists a considerable amount of empirical works which have studied the four themes in SACU countries that are covered in this study, there is a need for more empirical investigation for several reasons. Firstly, a majority of the studies have focused on South Africa with very little empirical literature existing for Botswana and Lesotho. Secondly, the previous SACU based studies present contradicting findings. Thirdly, Most of these studies did not cover the themes comprehensively, as is the case in this study. Finally, to the best of my knowledge, this methodology has not been employed in any SACU related literature until now. Altogether, the thesis bridges the inconsistencies found in previous SACU-related literature and offers fresh implications for policymakers and market participants. From an empirical perspective, the wavelet coherence analysis proves to be a powerful tool in reconciling previous contradicting empirical evidence on the existence of the Fisher effect in SACU countries. From a policy perspective, more fined tuned implications are derived from the findings of the study as wavelets are able to depict a more accurate description of the different first-level monetary transmission relationships. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School for Economics, Development and Tourism, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mkhombo, Thando
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Monetary unions -- Africa, Southern , Foreign exchange market
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55998 , vital:54562
- Description: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the first-level pass-through effects of monetary policy transmission in SACU using the wavelet analysis methodology. The thesis comprises four empirical themes. 1. Investigating the time-frequency relationship in the Fisher’s effect for SACU countries. 2. Investigating the time-frequency relationship in the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) for SACU countries. 3. Investigating the time-frequency relationship between the exchange rate and the stock returns for SACU countries. 4. Investigating the time-frequency relationship between interest rates, exchange rates, and stock returns for SACU countries. Whilst there exists a considerable amount of empirical works which have studied the four themes in SACU countries that are covered in this study, there is a need for more empirical investigation for several reasons. Firstly, a majority of the studies have focused on South Africa with very little empirical literature existing for Botswana and Lesotho. Secondly, the previous SACU based studies present contradicting findings. Thirdly, Most of these studies did not cover the themes comprehensively, as is the case in this study. Finally, to the best of my knowledge, this methodology has not been employed in any SACU related literature until now. Altogether, the thesis bridges the inconsistencies found in previous SACU-related literature and offers fresh implications for policymakers and market participants. From an empirical perspective, the wavelet coherence analysis proves to be a powerful tool in reconciling previous contradicting empirical evidence on the existence of the Fisher effect in SACU countries. From a policy perspective, more fined tuned implications are derived from the findings of the study as wavelets are able to depict a more accurate description of the different first-level monetary transmission relationships. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School for Economics, Development and Tourism, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Investigating the first level pass-through effects of the SACU Region monetary transmission mechanism
- Authors: Mkhombo , Thando
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Monetary transmission , Central bank -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57927 , vital:58428
- Description: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the first-level pass-through effects of monetary policy transmission in SACU using the wavelet analysis methodology. The thesis comprises four empirical themes. 1. Investigating the time-frequency relationship in the Fisher’s effect for SACU countries. 2. Investigating the time-frequency relationship in the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) for SACU countries. 3. Investigating the time-frequency relationship between the exchange rate and the stock returns for SACU countries. 4. Investigating the time-frequency relationship between interest rates, exchange rates, and stock returns for SACU countries. Whilst there exists a considerable amount of empirical works which have studied the four themes in SACU countries that are covered in this study, there is a need for more empirical investigation for several reasons. Firstly, a majority of the studies have focused on South Africa with very little empirical literature existing for Botswana and Lesotho. Secondly, the previous SACU based studies present contradicting findings. Thirdly, Most of these studies did not cover the themes comprehensively, as is the case in this study. Finally, to the best of my knowledge, this methodology has not been employed in any SACU related literature until now. Altogether, the thesis bridges the inconsistencies found in previous SACU-related literature and offers fresh implications for policymakers and market participants. From an empirical perspective, the wavelet coherence analysis proves to be a powerful tool in reconciling previous contradicting empirical evidence on the existence of the Fisher effect in SACU countries. From a policy perspective, more fined tuned implications are derived from the findings of the study as wavelets are able to depict a more accurate description of the different first-level monetary transmission relationships. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of business and economic sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mkhombo , Thando
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Monetary transmission , Central bank -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57927 , vital:58428
- Description: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the first-level pass-through effects of monetary policy transmission in SACU using the wavelet analysis methodology. The thesis comprises four empirical themes. 1. Investigating the time-frequency relationship in the Fisher’s effect for SACU countries. 2. Investigating the time-frequency relationship in the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) for SACU countries. 3. Investigating the time-frequency relationship between the exchange rate and the stock returns for SACU countries. 4. Investigating the time-frequency relationship between interest rates, exchange rates, and stock returns for SACU countries. Whilst there exists a considerable amount of empirical works which have studied the four themes in SACU countries that are covered in this study, there is a need for more empirical investigation for several reasons. Firstly, a majority of the studies have focused on South Africa with very little empirical literature existing for Botswana and Lesotho. Secondly, the previous SACU based studies present contradicting findings. Thirdly, Most of these studies did not cover the themes comprehensively, as is the case in this study. Finally, to the best of my knowledge, this methodology has not been employed in any SACU related literature until now. Altogether, the thesis bridges the inconsistencies found in previous SACU-related literature and offers fresh implications for policymakers and market participants. From an empirical perspective, the wavelet coherence analysis proves to be a powerful tool in reconciling previous contradicting empirical evidence on the existence of the Fisher effect in SACU countries. From a policy perspective, more fined tuned implications are derived from the findings of the study as wavelets are able to depict a more accurate description of the different first-level monetary transmission relationships. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of business and economic sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Investment promotions within port systems: a case of the port of Ngqura, south Africa
- Authors: Booi, Nozipho
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Investment -- South Africa , Investment analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57601 , vital:58180
- Description: The primary role of ports is to provide an enabling logistical solution for within the transport sector. Ports within South Africa perform this primary role in strict accordance with the National Ports Act 12 of 2005. The liberalisation of economies from closed economies to open economies has impacted the transformation of the transport sector; sea borne trade through ports accounts for 80% of the global trade by volume and 70% by value. Open economies have increased the need for integration of economies and triggered a highly competitive market for ports globally competing for volumes or throughput. To attract volumes, ports need to have sound investment promotions strategies that are responding to market needs. Thus, the primary objective of the research study was to investigate and analyse the various factors that affect investment promotions within the port system, evaluating how these factors can be utilised by the Port of Ngqura to increase volumes and grow market share. Therefore, attention was placed on understanding the value proposition the port has to offer to potential investors to foster FDIs. The researcher employed an interpretivist qualitative research methodology to explore its research aim and objectives. Secondary data in the form of document analysis was used in this research study. The documents analysed are mainly Academic Journals, Policy Documents, Transnet Annual Reports, South African Port Regulator Reports (quarterly and annual reports), Industry Articles, and Published Books. The data collected from secondary sources was analysed through content analysis. The document analysis conducted to understand the determinants of investments at the Port of Ngqura, revealed that the regulatory framework, port costs, availability of infrastructure, connectivity to the hinterland market, safety and security, intermodal transport, and efficiency levels can influence investment promotions within the port, and the determinants can be utilised to increase the volumes at the Port of Ngqura. The research study reviewed the mentioned additional factors such as the speed in responding to enquiries, the packaging of information, the linkages to other development zones and guarantees of secure operations are also determinants that potential investors look for. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Booi, Nozipho
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Investment -- South Africa , Investment analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57601 , vital:58180
- Description: The primary role of ports is to provide an enabling logistical solution for within the transport sector. Ports within South Africa perform this primary role in strict accordance with the National Ports Act 12 of 2005. The liberalisation of economies from closed economies to open economies has impacted the transformation of the transport sector; sea borne trade through ports accounts for 80% of the global trade by volume and 70% by value. Open economies have increased the need for integration of economies and triggered a highly competitive market for ports globally competing for volumes or throughput. To attract volumes, ports need to have sound investment promotions strategies that are responding to market needs. Thus, the primary objective of the research study was to investigate and analyse the various factors that affect investment promotions within the port system, evaluating how these factors can be utilised by the Port of Ngqura to increase volumes and grow market share. Therefore, attention was placed on understanding the value proposition the port has to offer to potential investors to foster FDIs. The researcher employed an interpretivist qualitative research methodology to explore its research aim and objectives. Secondary data in the form of document analysis was used in this research study. The documents analysed are mainly Academic Journals, Policy Documents, Transnet Annual Reports, South African Port Regulator Reports (quarterly and annual reports), Industry Articles, and Published Books. The data collected from secondary sources was analysed through content analysis. The document analysis conducted to understand the determinants of investments at the Port of Ngqura, revealed that the regulatory framework, port costs, availability of infrastructure, connectivity to the hinterland market, safety and security, intermodal transport, and efficiency levels can influence investment promotions within the port, and the determinants can be utilised to increase the volumes at the Port of Ngqura. The research study reviewed the mentioned additional factors such as the speed in responding to enquiries, the packaging of information, the linkages to other development zones and guarantees of secure operations are also determinants that potential investors look for. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04