The development of a model on which to base franchise relationships
- Authors: Kirabira, Godfrey
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Franchises (Retail trade) -- South Africa , Franchises (Retail trade) -- Law and legislation -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10920 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/85 , Franchises (Retail trade) -- South Africa , Franchises (Retail trade) -- Law and legislation -- South Africa
- Description: This paper aims at developing a model on which to base good quality franchise relationships. The franchise sector has the potential to generate wealth for the franchisee and the franchisor, create employment and be a tool of empowerment. It is also associated with relatively less risk than other forms of self-employment. However, there have been a disturbing number of failures in the sector and reported cases of abuses of franchisees by franchisors. Some franchisors have sought liquidation of franchise units in courts of law. An investigation was commissioned into the sector with the objective of uncovering problems in the quality of the relationships in the sector. The obligations of both the franchisees and franchisors were stipulated. Aspects of quality were then considered to lay a foundation upon which improvements in the relationships could be based. This was followed by a survey to find the performance gap between the quality of service that was expected from the franchisor and what the franchisees were actually receiving. Five dimensions of service quality – tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy were empirically investigated. The findings of this research revealed that the quality of service of franchisors fell short in all dimensions. It is arguable that other aspects of quality are being neglected by the franchisors. It is against this backdrop that a model is proposed to improve the quality of service in the franchise relationships. The model incorporates contemporary ideas on quality. Principles of total quality management, quality function deployment, customer satisfaction and self-assessment are applied to the franchise relationship. The use of the model will contribute towards better relationships in the franchise sector.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: Kirabira, Godfrey
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Franchises (Retail trade) -- South Africa , Franchises (Retail trade) -- Law and legislation -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10920 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/85 , Franchises (Retail trade) -- South Africa , Franchises (Retail trade) -- Law and legislation -- South Africa
- Description: This paper aims at developing a model on which to base good quality franchise relationships. The franchise sector has the potential to generate wealth for the franchisee and the franchisor, create employment and be a tool of empowerment. It is also associated with relatively less risk than other forms of self-employment. However, there have been a disturbing number of failures in the sector and reported cases of abuses of franchisees by franchisors. Some franchisors have sought liquidation of franchise units in courts of law. An investigation was commissioned into the sector with the objective of uncovering problems in the quality of the relationships in the sector. The obligations of both the franchisees and franchisors were stipulated. Aspects of quality were then considered to lay a foundation upon which improvements in the relationships could be based. This was followed by a survey to find the performance gap between the quality of service that was expected from the franchisor and what the franchisees were actually receiving. Five dimensions of service quality – tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy were empirically investigated. The findings of this research revealed that the quality of service of franchisors fell short in all dimensions. It is arguable that other aspects of quality are being neglected by the franchisors. It is against this backdrop that a model is proposed to improve the quality of service in the franchise relationships. The model incorporates contemporary ideas on quality. Principles of total quality management, quality function deployment, customer satisfaction and self-assessment are applied to the franchise relationship. The use of the model will contribute towards better relationships in the franchise sector.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
The development of an operations strategy for Eissmann South Africa that addresses market requirements and the needs of its customers
- Authors: Richards, Scott
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Production management -- South Africa , Eissmmann South Africa (Firm) Customer services , Customer services -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10899 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/88 , Production management -- South Africa , Eissmmann South Africa (Firm) Customer services , Customer services -- Management
- Description: With global competition becoming a key concept in the majority of companies worldwide, it is necessary for organisations to develop operations strategies that enable them to meet their customers‘ needs. Organisations will never be capable of reaching future goals without their customers. For this reason it is imperative for organisations to identify what competitive factors are required by the market, and which performance objectives are needed in order to increase the competitiveness of the organisation. In this research, Chapters 1 and 2 were used to identify the main and subproblems of the research, to delimit the research and to provide literature background to operations strategies and related operations topics. The empirical study in Chapter 3 was used to gather information pertaining to the specific requirements of ESA’s customers, and the operations performanceof ESA. Chapter 4 was used to analyse the data gathered from the empirical study. From this analysis it was possible for the researcher to identify the specific requirements of ESA’s customers and the operations performance of ESA. Chapter 5 was used to provide recommendations to bridge the performance gap between the customer requirements and the operations performance of ESA. By effectively implementing all of the recommendations suggested in this research, ESA will be able to improve its operation performance and meet the specific requirements of its market and its customers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: Richards, Scott
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Production management -- South Africa , Eissmmann South Africa (Firm) Customer services , Customer services -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10899 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/88 , Production management -- South Africa , Eissmmann South Africa (Firm) Customer services , Customer services -- Management
- Description: With global competition becoming a key concept in the majority of companies worldwide, it is necessary for organisations to develop operations strategies that enable them to meet their customers‘ needs. Organisations will never be capable of reaching future goals without their customers. For this reason it is imperative for organisations to identify what competitive factors are required by the market, and which performance objectives are needed in order to increase the competitiveness of the organisation. In this research, Chapters 1 and 2 were used to identify the main and subproblems of the research, to delimit the research and to provide literature background to operations strategies and related operations topics. The empirical study in Chapter 3 was used to gather information pertaining to the specific requirements of ESA’s customers, and the operations performanceof ESA. Chapter 4 was used to analyse the data gathered from the empirical study. From this analysis it was possible for the researcher to identify the specific requirements of ESA’s customers and the operations performance of ESA. Chapter 5 was used to provide recommendations to bridge the performance gap between the customer requirements and the operations performance of ESA. By effectively implementing all of the recommendations suggested in this research, ESA will be able to improve its operation performance and meet the specific requirements of its market and its customers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
The development of effective promotional strategies to market public FET/Technical Colleges in the Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Gaika, Nandipha Gloria
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Universities and colleges -- South Africa -- Business Management , Marketing research -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10940 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1006191 , Universities and colleges -- South Africa -- Business Management , Marketing research -- South Africa
- Description: Education is a powerful and pervasive agent of change. Therefore, it is the key to unlock the doors to development and modernisation. Currently, business and communities knowledge very little about what the FET/Technical College is offering and its importance to the society as whole. Therefore there is a great need to market the technical sector so that the community is knowledgeable about the FET/Technical Colleges. The research conducted focuses on which promotional strategies are effective in marketing the FET Colleges. In order to make technical college students marketable it is necessary to market the institutions effectively so that all the stakeholders can be aware of what technical colleges can offer. Because of high competition in this industry, it is of vital importance not to be out-marketed by competitors by keeping abreast of new trends in promotional strategies. In order to obtain more relevant information about promotional strategies a literature study was conducted to develop a questionnaire to survey the importance of promotional strategies and determine which promotional strategies are being used by the FET Colleges. The East-London, Queenstown and Ezibeleni Public FET Colleges form the respondents. From each college five academic staff, two management members and five students formed the respondents. Community members, business community members, the Department of Education and the Department of Labour representatives were also included in the sample from each of the selected FET Colleges. The findings of the survey revealed the high level of agreement in terms of the importance of the promotional strategies identified in the literature study with the exception of some promotional strategies, which were identified as not compatible with the FET target market. The study recommended that further research be done on a larger sample size focusing on particular stakeholders eg. students of the FET Colleges in a specific area.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: Gaika, Nandipha Gloria
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Universities and colleges -- South Africa -- Business Management , Marketing research -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10940 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1006191 , Universities and colleges -- South Africa -- Business Management , Marketing research -- South Africa
- Description: Education is a powerful and pervasive agent of change. Therefore, it is the key to unlock the doors to development and modernisation. Currently, business and communities knowledge very little about what the FET/Technical College is offering and its importance to the society as whole. Therefore there is a great need to market the technical sector so that the community is knowledgeable about the FET/Technical Colleges. The research conducted focuses on which promotional strategies are effective in marketing the FET Colleges. In order to make technical college students marketable it is necessary to market the institutions effectively so that all the stakeholders can be aware of what technical colleges can offer. Because of high competition in this industry, it is of vital importance not to be out-marketed by competitors by keeping abreast of new trends in promotional strategies. In order to obtain more relevant information about promotional strategies a literature study was conducted to develop a questionnaire to survey the importance of promotional strategies and determine which promotional strategies are being used by the FET Colleges. The East-London, Queenstown and Ezibeleni Public FET Colleges form the respondents. From each college five academic staff, two management members and five students formed the respondents. Community members, business community members, the Department of Education and the Department of Labour representatives were also included in the sample from each of the selected FET Colleges. The findings of the survey revealed the high level of agreement in terms of the importance of the promotional strategies identified in the literature study with the exception of some promotional strategies, which were identified as not compatible with the FET target market. The study recommended that further research be done on a larger sample size focusing on particular stakeholders eg. students of the FET Colleges in a specific area.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
The effect of a soil-amending hydrogel on Eucalyptus grandis establishment practices in the Zululand forestry region
- Authors: Viero, Paul Walter Mario
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Eucalyptus grandis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Forestry)
- Identifier: vital:10973 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/90 , Eucalyptus grandis
- Description: To ensure acceptable survival and initial growth of Eucalyptus grandis clonal and clonal hybrid material planted in the cool temperate and sub-tropical climates of Zululand (KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa) the planting seasons are currently restricted to the winter or summer months respectively. The Zululand coast (sub-tropical climate) experiences traditionally hot and humid summers and as a result Eucalyptus planting is largely restricted to the cool and dry winter months when survival is acceptable (90- 95%). In comparison, the Zululand interior (cool temperate climate) experiences moderately cooler summers followed by drier winters. As a result, the Eucalyptus planting season is reversed to that of the Zululand coast, with most of the planting taking place during the summer months with little or no planting occurring during winter. To ensure adequate transplant survival during and beyond these periods, transplants are planted with large volumes of water at a high cost. To determine whether it was possible to significantly reduce current water volumes at planting and therefore reduce costs, and to potentially extend the current planting seasons, two field trials were initiated during traditionally unsuitable planting periods (winter months for the Zululand interior and summer months for the Zululand coast). These trials were established near Kwambonambi on the Zululand coast and at Ntonjaneni in the Zululand interior. Five levels of water were combined with five levels of hydrogel and applied to the pit at planting in a 5 x 5 factorial treatment design for both trials. The tree variates of mortality, height, groundline diameter, crown diameter, corrected leaf surface index (LSIC) and corrected biomass index (BIC) were assessed at regular intervals until the final measurement dates (118 and 128 days after planting for the Ntonjaneni and Kwambonambi trials respectively). For the Kwambonambi trial, the response of transplant survival to the application water was highly significant (p<0,01) 128 days after planting, but not to the application of the hydrogel. Transplant survival nevertheless conformed to the silviculturally accepted norms of 90-95% using the hydrogel, thus water volumes could be significantly reduced without negatively affecting current survival standards. The lack of the expected response of significantly reduced transplant survival to increasing levels of hydrogel could possibly be attributed to the significant rainfall event (146 mm) that fell two days after trial initiation. Increasing levels of both water and hydrogel resulted in significantly enhanced growth (LSIC and BIC: p<0.01) for the final measurement date. For the Ntonjaneni trial, there was a significant (p<0,01) interaction between hydrogel and water, 118 days after planting. There were significant (p<0,01) differences between water only and all hydrogel treatments, with the hydrogel treatments performing significantly better. Optimum transplant survival for water only treatments was 50% using 4000 ml water while that for hydrogel treatments was 100% using 6 g hydrogel with 1000 ml of water and 12 g hydrogel with 2000 ml of water. The variates, corrected leaf surface index and corrected biomass index indicated that tree growth was significantly enhanced by the addition of a hydrogel over all levels of water. A pot trial was subsequently implemented to ascertain whether the significant increases obtained for initial transplant growth for the sandy clay loam soils of Ntonjaneni were due to an initial but unsustainable positive response of the roots to the presence of the hydrogel, or whether root growth was sustainably advantaged by the presence of the hydrogel. There was a highly significant (p<0,01) response of root biomass and above ground biomass over all levels of hydrogel, including a significant positive linear (p<0,01) relationship between increased root biomass and above ground biomass. This clearly indicated that initial root growth was not negatively affected by the addition of the soil-amending hydrogel Stockosorb 400K.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: Viero, Paul Walter Mario
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Eucalyptus grandis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Forestry)
- Identifier: vital:10973 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/90 , Eucalyptus grandis
- Description: To ensure acceptable survival and initial growth of Eucalyptus grandis clonal and clonal hybrid material planted in the cool temperate and sub-tropical climates of Zululand (KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa) the planting seasons are currently restricted to the winter or summer months respectively. The Zululand coast (sub-tropical climate) experiences traditionally hot and humid summers and as a result Eucalyptus planting is largely restricted to the cool and dry winter months when survival is acceptable (90- 95%). In comparison, the Zululand interior (cool temperate climate) experiences moderately cooler summers followed by drier winters. As a result, the Eucalyptus planting season is reversed to that of the Zululand coast, with most of the planting taking place during the summer months with little or no planting occurring during winter. To ensure adequate transplant survival during and beyond these periods, transplants are planted with large volumes of water at a high cost. To determine whether it was possible to significantly reduce current water volumes at planting and therefore reduce costs, and to potentially extend the current planting seasons, two field trials were initiated during traditionally unsuitable planting periods (winter months for the Zululand interior and summer months for the Zululand coast). These trials were established near Kwambonambi on the Zululand coast and at Ntonjaneni in the Zululand interior. Five levels of water were combined with five levels of hydrogel and applied to the pit at planting in a 5 x 5 factorial treatment design for both trials. The tree variates of mortality, height, groundline diameter, crown diameter, corrected leaf surface index (LSIC) and corrected biomass index (BIC) were assessed at regular intervals until the final measurement dates (118 and 128 days after planting for the Ntonjaneni and Kwambonambi trials respectively). For the Kwambonambi trial, the response of transplant survival to the application water was highly significant (p<0,01) 128 days after planting, but not to the application of the hydrogel. Transplant survival nevertheless conformed to the silviculturally accepted norms of 90-95% using the hydrogel, thus water volumes could be significantly reduced without negatively affecting current survival standards. The lack of the expected response of significantly reduced transplant survival to increasing levels of hydrogel could possibly be attributed to the significant rainfall event (146 mm) that fell two days after trial initiation. Increasing levels of both water and hydrogel resulted in significantly enhanced growth (LSIC and BIC: p<0.01) for the final measurement date. For the Ntonjaneni trial, there was a significant (p<0,01) interaction between hydrogel and water, 118 days after planting. There were significant (p<0,01) differences between water only and all hydrogel treatments, with the hydrogel treatments performing significantly better. Optimum transplant survival for water only treatments was 50% using 4000 ml water while that for hydrogel treatments was 100% using 6 g hydrogel with 1000 ml of water and 12 g hydrogel with 2000 ml of water. The variates, corrected leaf surface index and corrected biomass index indicated that tree growth was significantly enhanced by the addition of a hydrogel over all levels of water. A pot trial was subsequently implemented to ascertain whether the significant increases obtained for initial transplant growth for the sandy clay loam soils of Ntonjaneni were due to an initial but unsustainable positive response of the roots to the presence of the hydrogel, or whether root growth was sustainably advantaged by the presence of the hydrogel. There was a highly significant (p<0,01) response of root biomass and above ground biomass over all levels of hydrogel, including a significant positive linear (p<0,01) relationship between increased root biomass and above ground biomass. This clearly indicated that initial root growth was not negatively affected by the addition of the soil-amending hydrogel Stockosorb 400K.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
The electrochemical hydroxylation of aromatic substrates
- Authors: Rautenbach, Daniel
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Aromatic compounds , Hydroxylation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Chemistry)
- Identifier: vital:10959 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/94 , Aromatic compounds , Hydroxylation
- Description: The electrochemical hydroxylation of aromatic substrates was investigated in some detail, with the view to develop a method, which could produce dihydroxybenzenes in acceptable yields. Of particular interest was the selectivity and yield of the 1,4-dihydroxybenzenes. Two distinctly different methods were investigated in order to achieve this goal, acyloxylation and direct electrochemical hydroxylation. Acyloxylation is the process where radical cations generated at the anode undergoes nucleophilic attack by acetate anions. The resulting aromatic acetates so produced can then be hydrolysed to the phenolic compounds. Two nucleophile systems were considered in the investigation, acetates (acetoxylation) and trifluoro-acetates (trifluoro-acetoxylation). These investigations were conducted under a variety of conditions using phenol and phenyl acetate as starting materials. From the results it was, however, concluded that the acetoxylation of these aromatic compounds occurs in unacceptable product and current yields. Trifluoro-acetoxylation on the other hand showed promise, but due to the nature and cost of the reagents it was deemed to be an impractical process. Direct electrochemical hydroxylation: in which the radical cations produced at the anode undergoes nucleophilic attack by water producing the corresponding dihydroxybenzenes. These dihydroxybenzenes are then further oxidised to the benzoquinones, which then undergo reduction at the cathode in order to produce the corresponding dihydroxybenzene. In this process phenol, 2-tert-butylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol were investigated as substrates. The results indicated that the yield towards the 1,4-dihdroxybenzenes increased as the degree of substitution on the ring increased.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: Rautenbach, Daniel
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Aromatic compounds , Hydroxylation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Chemistry)
- Identifier: vital:10959 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/94 , Aromatic compounds , Hydroxylation
- Description: The electrochemical hydroxylation of aromatic substrates was investigated in some detail, with the view to develop a method, which could produce dihydroxybenzenes in acceptable yields. Of particular interest was the selectivity and yield of the 1,4-dihydroxybenzenes. Two distinctly different methods were investigated in order to achieve this goal, acyloxylation and direct electrochemical hydroxylation. Acyloxylation is the process where radical cations generated at the anode undergoes nucleophilic attack by acetate anions. The resulting aromatic acetates so produced can then be hydrolysed to the phenolic compounds. Two nucleophile systems were considered in the investigation, acetates (acetoxylation) and trifluoro-acetates (trifluoro-acetoxylation). These investigations were conducted under a variety of conditions using phenol and phenyl acetate as starting materials. From the results it was, however, concluded that the acetoxylation of these aromatic compounds occurs in unacceptable product and current yields. Trifluoro-acetoxylation on the other hand showed promise, but due to the nature and cost of the reagents it was deemed to be an impractical process. Direct electrochemical hydroxylation: in which the radical cations produced at the anode undergoes nucleophilic attack by water producing the corresponding dihydroxybenzenes. These dihydroxybenzenes are then further oxidised to the benzoquinones, which then undergo reduction at the cathode in order to produce the corresponding dihydroxybenzene. In this process phenol, 2-tert-butylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol were investigated as substrates. The results indicated that the yield towards the 1,4-dihdroxybenzenes increased as the degree of substitution on the ring increased.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
The establishment of an effective farming system for the Allan Waters communal area in the Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: King, Bryan Rhodes
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Agricultural systems -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Agriculture)
- Identifier: vital:10821 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/95 , Agricultural systems -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: Allan Waters, a communal area near Queenstown in the former Ciskei of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, have about 80 households who are involved in agriculture. These households were surveyed with two questionnaires. The first was at household level, focusing on the current socioeconomic situations and farming systems. Data were collected from sixty-three households in the village. The socio-economics questionnaire was divided into sections: demographic information, land and agricultural information, income and expenditure. In order to improve the livelihood of the households and to secure food production and food security, a situation analysis of the rural farmers was carried out using typology as a research tool. Typologies were built in order to analyze the diversity of production units (farms) or households (agricultural households). To define household typologies, factors such as land, source of income, modes of farming and composition of the family were used to identify six typology categories and to divide these into two main groups. The two main groups comprised of (a) livestock farming and (b) non-livestock farming or very little farming activities. The six types are as follows: Type 1: Poverty-stricken households Type 2: Newly arrived households Type 3: Households’ depending on old age pensions Type 4: Households’ main income from old age pensions and supported by substantial farming Type 5: Households’ revenue generated from business, wages and farming Type 6: Full time farming Five types had access to grazing and arable land for agricultural purposes, but type two had not yet been granted the rights to graze or the use of arable fields for agricultural purposes by the village. The source of income for the households in type one was made up of welfare grants and remittances. Types three and four, mainly depended on pensions when compared to the other four types. The households in type five mainly received incomes from farming and business. In type six, the main income received was from farming. The most common modes of farming for the types were: garden-poultry- dry land- crop- cattle-sheep-goats. Using the data from the first questionnaire, the three active agricultural types were targeted with a production survey (28 households). The production survey revolved around animal production, but a number of questions had to do with general information concerning agriculture. From the survey, the households reported that the main aim for keeping livestock and chickens was self- consumption and sale of animals, except in the case of sheep, which were kept for wool production. In the case of the wool farmers, the committee controlled activities such as mating of animals, grazing management, shearing, dipping of animals and wool sorting. The other tasks were left to the farmer himself. Wool data obtained for 2001 indicated that the average fleece weight was 3.88 kg greasy wool per sheep, with an A- to C- length. The fibre diametre of the wool in general fell in a medium class (21.1 micron). From the survey a number of projects were identified to assist the rural farmers in improving the livelihood of the households and in securing food production and food security.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: King, Bryan Rhodes
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Agricultural systems -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Agriculture)
- Identifier: vital:10821 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/95 , Agricultural systems -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: Allan Waters, a communal area near Queenstown in the former Ciskei of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, have about 80 households who are involved in agriculture. These households were surveyed with two questionnaires. The first was at household level, focusing on the current socioeconomic situations and farming systems. Data were collected from sixty-three households in the village. The socio-economics questionnaire was divided into sections: demographic information, land and agricultural information, income and expenditure. In order to improve the livelihood of the households and to secure food production and food security, a situation analysis of the rural farmers was carried out using typology as a research tool. Typologies were built in order to analyze the diversity of production units (farms) or households (agricultural households). To define household typologies, factors such as land, source of income, modes of farming and composition of the family were used to identify six typology categories and to divide these into two main groups. The two main groups comprised of (a) livestock farming and (b) non-livestock farming or very little farming activities. The six types are as follows: Type 1: Poverty-stricken households Type 2: Newly arrived households Type 3: Households’ depending on old age pensions Type 4: Households’ main income from old age pensions and supported by substantial farming Type 5: Households’ revenue generated from business, wages and farming Type 6: Full time farming Five types had access to grazing and arable land for agricultural purposes, but type two had not yet been granted the rights to graze or the use of arable fields for agricultural purposes by the village. The source of income for the households in type one was made up of welfare grants and remittances. Types three and four, mainly depended on pensions when compared to the other four types. The households in type five mainly received incomes from farming and business. In type six, the main income received was from farming. The most common modes of farming for the types were: garden-poultry- dry land- crop- cattle-sheep-goats. Using the data from the first questionnaire, the three active agricultural types were targeted with a production survey (28 households). The production survey revolved around animal production, but a number of questions had to do with general information concerning agriculture. From the survey, the households reported that the main aim for keeping livestock and chickens was self- consumption and sale of animals, except in the case of sheep, which were kept for wool production. In the case of the wool farmers, the committee controlled activities such as mating of animals, grazing management, shearing, dipping of animals and wool sorting. The other tasks were left to the farmer himself. Wool data obtained for 2001 indicated that the average fleece weight was 3.88 kg greasy wool per sheep, with an A- to C- length. The fibre diametre of the wool in general fell in a medium class (21.1 micron). From the survey a number of projects were identified to assist the rural farmers in improving the livelihood of the households and in securing food production and food security.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
The evaluation of waste minimization/waste treatment strategies for a commercial production process of 4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazide
- Authors: Bennen, Wilroy
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Hazardous wastes , Hazardous substances -- Analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Chemistry)
- Identifier: vital:10951 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/97 , Hazardous wastes , Hazardous substances -- Analysis
- Description: Chemical synthesis is closely related to waste minimization. There is no chemical process that does not produce waste. The methods used by industry to deal with this waste is a major environmental concern. This thesis describes the laboratory scale waste minimization and waste treatment strategies for the commercial production process of 4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazide (MTSC). The production process of 4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazide was investigated with the aim of increasing the isolated yield of MTSC and at the same time decrease the amount and toxicity of effluent obtained. During this study, parameters were investigated such as the use of excess DIPEA and the temperature of the reaction. Preliminary studies clearly showed that both factors have a significant influence on the final yield of the product. The next part of the investigation was to optimize the two parameters influencing the isolated yield of the MTSC. For this investigation, a multi factorial design was used to determine the optimum conditions in the MTSC yield response. From the results obtained, it was clear that the excess of DIPEA and the temperature of the reaction both need to be high to obtain high yields. These theoretical results were confirmed by results obtained practically, where yields of up 82 % were obtained, but it became clear that even higher yields could be obtained since chromatographic results showed yeilds as high as 90 %. The mass balance of the MTSC synthesis showed a loss of approximately 30 grams per reaction. This loss may have an influence on the final yield. The effluent obtained during the synthesis of MTSC was investigated and a waste treatment protocol was established to reduce the high COD value of the MTSC effluent. The protocol consists of two steps used for the clean up of the effluent. The first being a cooling step; the effluent was cooled at 0oC to induce precipitation of a solid, consisting mostly of MTSC. The second step is a high pressure wet oxidation of the effluent with oxygen in a high pressure reactor. The remaining compounds in the effluent were oxidized, resulting in another precipitate, consisting mostly of sulphur. After the oxidation the COD value of the effluent was decreased by 98 % to a value of 0.4 %. The MTSC present in the precipitate obtained after cooling could be isolated and purified, to add to the yield of the synthesis. The sulphur obtained during the oxidation could also be isolated and reused, or sold to prevent it from contaminating the environment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: Bennen, Wilroy
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Hazardous wastes , Hazardous substances -- Analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Chemistry)
- Identifier: vital:10951 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/97 , Hazardous wastes , Hazardous substances -- Analysis
- Description: Chemical synthesis is closely related to waste minimization. There is no chemical process that does not produce waste. The methods used by industry to deal with this waste is a major environmental concern. This thesis describes the laboratory scale waste minimization and waste treatment strategies for the commercial production process of 4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazide (MTSC). The production process of 4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazide was investigated with the aim of increasing the isolated yield of MTSC and at the same time decrease the amount and toxicity of effluent obtained. During this study, parameters were investigated such as the use of excess DIPEA and the temperature of the reaction. Preliminary studies clearly showed that both factors have a significant influence on the final yield of the product. The next part of the investigation was to optimize the two parameters influencing the isolated yield of the MTSC. For this investigation, a multi factorial design was used to determine the optimum conditions in the MTSC yield response. From the results obtained, it was clear that the excess of DIPEA and the temperature of the reaction both need to be high to obtain high yields. These theoretical results were confirmed by results obtained practically, where yields of up 82 % were obtained, but it became clear that even higher yields could be obtained since chromatographic results showed yeilds as high as 90 %. The mass balance of the MTSC synthesis showed a loss of approximately 30 grams per reaction. This loss may have an influence on the final yield. The effluent obtained during the synthesis of MTSC was investigated and a waste treatment protocol was established to reduce the high COD value of the MTSC effluent. The protocol consists of two steps used for the clean up of the effluent. The first being a cooling step; the effluent was cooled at 0oC to induce precipitation of a solid, consisting mostly of MTSC. The second step is a high pressure wet oxidation of the effluent with oxygen in a high pressure reactor. The remaining compounds in the effluent were oxidized, resulting in another precipitate, consisting mostly of sulphur. After the oxidation the COD value of the effluent was decreased by 98 % to a value of 0.4 %. The MTSC present in the precipitate obtained after cooling could be isolated and purified, to add to the yield of the synthesis. The sulphur obtained during the oxidation could also be isolated and reused, or sold to prevent it from contaminating the environment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
The identification of factors that contribute to the competitive advantage of the catalytic converter industry cluster in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Manlee, Tamaryn
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Competition , Industrial management , Automobiles -- Catalytic converters
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10892 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/99 , Competition , Industrial management , Automobiles -- Catalytic converters
- Description: The research problem addressed in this study was to determine what the main factors are that contribute to the competitive advantage of the catalytic converter industry cluster in the Eastern Cape. To achieve this objective theoretical models of competitive advantage and literature of industry clustering were identified. For the models on competitive advantage, Porter’s diamond was used for national competitive advantage and Porter’s model on the competitive environment, which affects the competitive advantage of a region. Other theories on competitive advantage of cities and regions were identified, leading up to the theory on the cluster approach. The literature mentioned was broken down and analysed using literature, from knowledgeable people in the automotive industry in the Eastern Cape, identified during the study. A questionnaire was developed to test the degree to which the catalytic converter industry cluster in the Eastern Cape is in agreement with the literature study. The empirical study obtained a strong concurrence with the literature study on national competitive advantage and the theory of clusters. This resulted in a strategy for the catalytic converter industry cluster to sustain competitive advantage and remain globally competitive.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: Manlee, Tamaryn
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Competition , Industrial management , Automobiles -- Catalytic converters
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10892 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/99 , Competition , Industrial management , Automobiles -- Catalytic converters
- Description: The research problem addressed in this study was to determine what the main factors are that contribute to the competitive advantage of the catalytic converter industry cluster in the Eastern Cape. To achieve this objective theoretical models of competitive advantage and literature of industry clustering were identified. For the models on competitive advantage, Porter’s diamond was used for national competitive advantage and Porter’s model on the competitive environment, which affects the competitive advantage of a region. Other theories on competitive advantage of cities and regions were identified, leading up to the theory on the cluster approach. The literature mentioned was broken down and analysed using literature, from knowledgeable people in the automotive industry in the Eastern Cape, identified during the study. A questionnaire was developed to test the degree to which the catalytic converter industry cluster in the Eastern Cape is in agreement with the literature study. The empirical study obtained a strong concurrence with the literature study on national competitive advantage and the theory of clusters. This resulted in a strategy for the catalytic converter industry cluster to sustain competitive advantage and remain globally competitive.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
The impact of multi-skilling training on the paintshop production environment and its employees at Volkswagen South Africa (VWSA)
- Authors: Bhika, Chandrika
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Employees -- Training of , Automobile industry and trade -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10852 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/130 , Employees -- Training of , Automobile industry and trade -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: Global competition and rapid technological change have been the driving forces for a more flexible and competent workforce. Continuous employee training assists organisations to achieve their goals by adding value to their key resources, the human factor. The demand for a more qualified workforce becomes a strategic force in the effort to raise competitiveness. Providing, obtaining and improving the necessary skills are important in responding to a rapidly changing international economy. Life-long learning and continuous skills development are the new requirements imposed by our knowledgeintensive society. The overall purpose of the research was to determine the impact of multi-skilling training (MST) on the paintshop production environment and its employees at Volkswagen South Africa (VWSA). The objectives of this research were to: Identify the elements of multi-skilling training and guidelines for its development and implementation; Critically evaluate the current system; Determine the impact of multi-skilling training on the production environment in the paint shop at VWSA The research methodology for this study comprised the following steps: Firstly, the development and implementation of MST at Volkswagen South Africa was assessed. The elements of MST and its impact on production and the employee worldwide were determined through the literature study. Secondly, the limitations of the current MST system used in the paintshop at Volkswagen South Africa were assessed in an empirical study, which involved completing of questionnaires. The empirical study proved that the current MST system employed in the paintshop at Volkswagen South Africa had assisted in improving production, and increasing the employees’ morale. The final step of this study entailed the formulation of recommendations, which are as follows: · Sufficient time should be allocated for practical training. · Frequent job rotation must be implement ed. · Advanced MST must be implemented after completion of Level Four. · MST should be presented in English, Afrikaans and Xhosa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: Bhika, Chandrika
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Employees -- Training of , Automobile industry and trade -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10852 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/130 , Employees -- Training of , Automobile industry and trade -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: Global competition and rapid technological change have been the driving forces for a more flexible and competent workforce. Continuous employee training assists organisations to achieve their goals by adding value to their key resources, the human factor. The demand for a more qualified workforce becomes a strategic force in the effort to raise competitiveness. Providing, obtaining and improving the necessary skills are important in responding to a rapidly changing international economy. Life-long learning and continuous skills development are the new requirements imposed by our knowledgeintensive society. The overall purpose of the research was to determine the impact of multi-skilling training (MST) on the paintshop production environment and its employees at Volkswagen South Africa (VWSA). The objectives of this research were to: Identify the elements of multi-skilling training and guidelines for its development and implementation; Critically evaluate the current system; Determine the impact of multi-skilling training on the production environment in the paint shop at VWSA The research methodology for this study comprised the following steps: Firstly, the development and implementation of MST at Volkswagen South Africa was assessed. The elements of MST and its impact on production and the employee worldwide were determined through the literature study. Secondly, the limitations of the current MST system used in the paintshop at Volkswagen South Africa were assessed in an empirical study, which involved completing of questionnaires. The empirical study proved that the current MST system employed in the paintshop at Volkswagen South Africa had assisted in improving production, and increasing the employees’ morale. The final step of this study entailed the formulation of recommendations, which are as follows: · Sufficient time should be allocated for practical training. · Frequent job rotation must be implement ed. · Advanced MST must be implemented after completion of Level Four. · MST should be presented in English, Afrikaans and Xhosa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
The investigation of the hydrolysis reaction of m-phenylene to resorcinol
- Authors: Khaile, Thebeeapelo John
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Resorcinol
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Chemistry)
- Identifier: vital:10961 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/107 , Resorcinol
- Description: The purpose of this study was to characterise the resinous material formed during the acid catalysed hydrolysis of m-phenylenediamine (MPDA) to resorcinol, and to establish a reaction mechanism that could explain the formation of both resorcinol and the resinous materials in the reaction. A further objective was to determine reaction conditions that would lead to reduced formation of the resins during the hydrolysis reaction. The number of compounds present in a sample taken during the course of the hydrolysis reaction was determined by HPLC fitted with a photodiode array detector. Five main components were detected. These compounds were identified as mphenylenediamine, m-aminophenol, resorcinol, 3,3’-aminodiphenylamine and 3- amino-3’-hydroxydiphenylamine by means of GC-MS. 3,3’-Diaminodiphenylamine is formed by self-condensation of MPDA and 3-amino-3’-hydroxydiphenylamine is formed by the reaction of MPDA with resorcinol. The degree of formation of these intermediates is substantially reduced when MPDA is added dose-wise to phosphoric acid at a reaction temperature of 220oC. The reaction mechanism of the hydrolysis reaction was investigated by isotopic lable incorporation, followed by analysis by NMR. This was done by hydrolysing MPDA using deuterated phosphoric acid (D3PO4). D3PO4 was generated by dissolving phosphorus pentoxide in deuterium oxide. The resorcinol product obtained from the hydrolysis using D3PO4 was found to be deuterated on the C-2, C-4 and C-6 positions. This suggests that the hydrolysis reaction involves protonation of MPDA on these positions, and this results in the formation of an iminium ion as one of the resonance forms. Hydrolysis then occurs on the positively charged carbon of this species. Fertiliser grade phosphoric acid can be used in the hydrolysis reaction, provided sulphates are removed before the acid is used in the hydrolysis reaction. The hydrolysis reaction using either ammonium sulphate or sulphuric acid produces resorcinol in yields lower than 60% if the hydrolysis is conducted in one pass. If these catalysts are used in the hydrolysis reaction, the reaction mixture needs to be re-heated after removal of resorcinol in order to increase the yield. Hydrolysis of MPDA using zirconium phosphate as catalyst gave resorcinol yields in excess of 90% over 24 hours. These reactions were carried out at very low concentrations of MPDA (0.3%). The mode of catalysis in these reactions is unclear. There is a possibility that the reaction is catalysed by phosphoric acid that leaches out of zirconium phosphate at high temperatures. The reaction might therefore not differ mechanistically from the phosphoric acid catalysed reaction. Further studies are required to clarify this point.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: Khaile, Thebeeapelo John
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Resorcinol
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Chemistry)
- Identifier: vital:10961 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/107 , Resorcinol
- Description: The purpose of this study was to characterise the resinous material formed during the acid catalysed hydrolysis of m-phenylenediamine (MPDA) to resorcinol, and to establish a reaction mechanism that could explain the formation of both resorcinol and the resinous materials in the reaction. A further objective was to determine reaction conditions that would lead to reduced formation of the resins during the hydrolysis reaction. The number of compounds present in a sample taken during the course of the hydrolysis reaction was determined by HPLC fitted with a photodiode array detector. Five main components were detected. These compounds were identified as mphenylenediamine, m-aminophenol, resorcinol, 3,3’-aminodiphenylamine and 3- amino-3’-hydroxydiphenylamine by means of GC-MS. 3,3’-Diaminodiphenylamine is formed by self-condensation of MPDA and 3-amino-3’-hydroxydiphenylamine is formed by the reaction of MPDA with resorcinol. The degree of formation of these intermediates is substantially reduced when MPDA is added dose-wise to phosphoric acid at a reaction temperature of 220oC. The reaction mechanism of the hydrolysis reaction was investigated by isotopic lable incorporation, followed by analysis by NMR. This was done by hydrolysing MPDA using deuterated phosphoric acid (D3PO4). D3PO4 was generated by dissolving phosphorus pentoxide in deuterium oxide. The resorcinol product obtained from the hydrolysis using D3PO4 was found to be deuterated on the C-2, C-4 and C-6 positions. This suggests that the hydrolysis reaction involves protonation of MPDA on these positions, and this results in the formation of an iminium ion as one of the resonance forms. Hydrolysis then occurs on the positively charged carbon of this species. Fertiliser grade phosphoric acid can be used in the hydrolysis reaction, provided sulphates are removed before the acid is used in the hydrolysis reaction. The hydrolysis reaction using either ammonium sulphate or sulphuric acid produces resorcinol in yields lower than 60% if the hydrolysis is conducted in one pass. If these catalysts are used in the hydrolysis reaction, the reaction mixture needs to be re-heated after removal of resorcinol in order to increase the yield. Hydrolysis of MPDA using zirconium phosphate as catalyst gave resorcinol yields in excess of 90% over 24 hours. These reactions were carried out at very low concentrations of MPDA (0.3%). The mode of catalysis in these reactions is unclear. There is a possibility that the reaction is catalysed by phosphoric acid that leaches out of zirconium phosphate at high temperatures. The reaction might therefore not differ mechanistically from the phosphoric acid catalysed reaction. Further studies are required to clarify this point.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
Vergelyking van Tilapia (Oreochromis Mossambicus)en Koi (Ciprinus Carpio) in verskillende produksiestelsels
- Authors: Van der Merwe, Johan Philip
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Fish culture
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Agricultural Management)
- Identifier: vital:10967 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/114 , Fish culture
- Description: Die studie was uitgevoer om te bepaal of warmwaterspesies soos tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) en koi (Ciprinus carpio) gebruik kan word as deel van 'n roterende akwakultuur produksie sisteem in die Wes-Kaap. Drie produksiestelsels (drywende hokstelsel; gronddamme en hersirkuleringseenheid) was ge-evalueer vir beide tilapia en koi produksie. Twee verskillende diëte (tilapia, 32% proteien, 'n lae waarde dieet en koi, 32% proteien, 'n hoë waarde dieet) was ook ge-evalueer vir die effek op koi produksie. Tilapia- en koi vingerlinge was teen dieselfde lading (250/hok) in elke produksiestelsel geplaas. By die begin van die proewe het die tilapia vingerlinge 'n gemiddelde gewig van 60-80g en die koi vingerlinge 'n gemiddelde lengte van 30-40 mm gehad. Die visse is twee keer per dag gevoer en data is op 'n maandelikse basis oor 'n periode van 84 dae versamel. Produksie data vir die tilapia versamel was: 1) die gemiddelde daaglikse toename, 2) die totale voer verbruik, 3) water temperature en 4) mortaliteite is daagliks aangeteken. Die produksie data versamel vir koi wat twee verskillende diëte ontvang het in drie verskillende produksiestelsels was: 1) die gemiddelde daaglikse toename in lengte, 2) die totale voer verbruik, 3) water temperature en 4) mortaliteite is daagliks aangeteken. Die resultate van die tilapia studie het aangedui dat tilapia in die hersirkuleeringseenheid het deurgaans 'n swaarder gewig gehad (p<0.05) as die van die drywende hokstelsel en gronddam stelsel. Terwyl die gronddam stelsel weer 'n swaarder gewig gehad het as die drywende hokstelsel behalwe vir April (171,67 / 39,49 vs 159,33 / 22,15). Nieteenstaande die verskil in begin gewig en eind gewig in die guns van die tilapia in die hersirkuleringseenheid teenoor die ander twee stelsels het die GDT tussen die drywende hokstelsel en die hersirkuleringseenheid nie noemenswaardig verskil nie (1,20 / 0,15 vs 1,40 / 0,24). Die tilapia in die gronddamme het egter swakker (p<0,05) gewigstoename van 0,72 / 0,32 g gehad teenoor die tilapia in die drywende hokstesel 1,40 / 0,24 g en 1,20 / 0,15 g van die tilapia in die hersirkuleringseenheid. Tilapia in die gronddamme het dus ongeveer 45% swakker gemiddelde gewigstoename getoon as die van die drywende hokstelsel en hersirkuleringseenheid. Die produksiestelsel het 'n hoogs betekenisvolle invloed (p<0,001) op die groeipotensiaal van tilapia gehad in hierdie studie. Die gemiddelde totale hoeveelheid voer verbruik was nie statisties verskillend tussen die drywende hokstelsel en gronddam stelsel nie (29,83 / 2,66 vs 30,83 / 5,42), maar wel (p<0,05) vir die hersirkuleringseenheid (29,94 / 0,88). Die VOV het nie verskil tussen die drywende hokstelsel en hersirkuleringeenheid, maar daar was wel 'n verskil (p<0,05) tussen hierdie twee stelsels en die van die gronddamme. Die totale gemiddelde mortaliteite van tilapia was die hoogste (p<0,05) vir die drywende hokstelsel in vergelyking met die gronddamme en hersirkuleringseenheid. Die drywende hokstelsel het 14,67 / 14,61% meer mortaliteite gehad as die gronddamme en hersirkuleringeenheid. Die koi studie se resultate dui aan dat die tipe stelsel het 'n hoogs betekenisvolle (p<0,001) invloed gehad op die gemiddelde toename in lengte van die koi vis vir die somerseisoen. Die tipe dieet het geen invloed op die toename in lengte van koi vis vir al drie die stelsels ge-evalueer, maar die interaksie tussen dieet en die tipe stelsel was wel betekenisvol (p<0.05). Die interaksie tussen die tipe dieet en die tipe stelsel was die hoogste vir die groddamme 136,41 / 32,46 mm en 136,25 / 33,08 mm vir beide tilapia en die koi diëte gevoer. Die gemiddelde totale voer wat deur koi visse in die drie stelsels verbruik is, het wel statisties van mekaar verskil (p<0,05). Koi visse in die gronddam stelsel het meer voer verbruik vir beide die tilapia- en koi dieet (31,03 / 2,01 en 29,67 / 3,57) in vergelyking met die (26,35 / 2,44 ; 26,98 / 0,49 en 5,50 # 0,52 en 6,13 / 0,22) vir die drywende hokke en hersirkuleringseenheid stelsels onderskiedelik. Die % mortaliteite was betekenisvol (p<0,05) vir die verskillende stelsels. Koi visse in die hersirkuleringseenheid het die hoogste mortaliteite gehad vir beide die tilapia en die koi diëte (65,50 / 18,07% en 79,50 / 38,27%) terwyl koi visse in die gronddamme die laagste mortaliteite ondervind het (1,20 / 1,20% en 2,33 / 4,89%) vir beide die tilapia en koi diëte. Die koi in die gronddam stelsel het die beste resultate gelewer en dit is ook moontlik om koi 'n lae waarde dieet te voer sonder nadelige effekte op produksie.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: Van der Merwe, Johan Philip
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Fish culture
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Agricultural Management)
- Identifier: vital:10967 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/114 , Fish culture
- Description: Die studie was uitgevoer om te bepaal of warmwaterspesies soos tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) en koi (Ciprinus carpio) gebruik kan word as deel van 'n roterende akwakultuur produksie sisteem in die Wes-Kaap. Drie produksiestelsels (drywende hokstelsel; gronddamme en hersirkuleringseenheid) was ge-evalueer vir beide tilapia en koi produksie. Twee verskillende diëte (tilapia, 32% proteien, 'n lae waarde dieet en koi, 32% proteien, 'n hoë waarde dieet) was ook ge-evalueer vir die effek op koi produksie. Tilapia- en koi vingerlinge was teen dieselfde lading (250/hok) in elke produksiestelsel geplaas. By die begin van die proewe het die tilapia vingerlinge 'n gemiddelde gewig van 60-80g en die koi vingerlinge 'n gemiddelde lengte van 30-40 mm gehad. Die visse is twee keer per dag gevoer en data is op 'n maandelikse basis oor 'n periode van 84 dae versamel. Produksie data vir die tilapia versamel was: 1) die gemiddelde daaglikse toename, 2) die totale voer verbruik, 3) water temperature en 4) mortaliteite is daagliks aangeteken. Die produksie data versamel vir koi wat twee verskillende diëte ontvang het in drie verskillende produksiestelsels was: 1) die gemiddelde daaglikse toename in lengte, 2) die totale voer verbruik, 3) water temperature en 4) mortaliteite is daagliks aangeteken. Die resultate van die tilapia studie het aangedui dat tilapia in die hersirkuleeringseenheid het deurgaans 'n swaarder gewig gehad (p<0.05) as die van die drywende hokstelsel en gronddam stelsel. Terwyl die gronddam stelsel weer 'n swaarder gewig gehad het as die drywende hokstelsel behalwe vir April (171,67 / 39,49 vs 159,33 / 22,15). Nieteenstaande die verskil in begin gewig en eind gewig in die guns van die tilapia in die hersirkuleringseenheid teenoor die ander twee stelsels het die GDT tussen die drywende hokstelsel en die hersirkuleringseenheid nie noemenswaardig verskil nie (1,20 / 0,15 vs 1,40 / 0,24). Die tilapia in die gronddamme het egter swakker (p<0,05) gewigstoename van 0,72 / 0,32 g gehad teenoor die tilapia in die drywende hokstesel 1,40 / 0,24 g en 1,20 / 0,15 g van die tilapia in die hersirkuleringseenheid. Tilapia in die gronddamme het dus ongeveer 45% swakker gemiddelde gewigstoename getoon as die van die drywende hokstelsel en hersirkuleringseenheid. Die produksiestelsel het 'n hoogs betekenisvolle invloed (p<0,001) op die groeipotensiaal van tilapia gehad in hierdie studie. Die gemiddelde totale hoeveelheid voer verbruik was nie statisties verskillend tussen die drywende hokstelsel en gronddam stelsel nie (29,83 / 2,66 vs 30,83 / 5,42), maar wel (p<0,05) vir die hersirkuleringseenheid (29,94 / 0,88). Die VOV het nie verskil tussen die drywende hokstelsel en hersirkuleringeenheid, maar daar was wel 'n verskil (p<0,05) tussen hierdie twee stelsels en die van die gronddamme. Die totale gemiddelde mortaliteite van tilapia was die hoogste (p<0,05) vir die drywende hokstelsel in vergelyking met die gronddamme en hersirkuleringseenheid. Die drywende hokstelsel het 14,67 / 14,61% meer mortaliteite gehad as die gronddamme en hersirkuleringeenheid. Die koi studie se resultate dui aan dat die tipe stelsel het 'n hoogs betekenisvolle (p<0,001) invloed gehad op die gemiddelde toename in lengte van die koi vis vir die somerseisoen. Die tipe dieet het geen invloed op die toename in lengte van koi vis vir al drie die stelsels ge-evalueer, maar die interaksie tussen dieet en die tipe stelsel was wel betekenisvol (p<0.05). Die interaksie tussen die tipe dieet en die tipe stelsel was die hoogste vir die groddamme 136,41 / 32,46 mm en 136,25 / 33,08 mm vir beide tilapia en die koi diëte gevoer. Die gemiddelde totale voer wat deur koi visse in die drie stelsels verbruik is, het wel statisties van mekaar verskil (p<0,05). Koi visse in die gronddam stelsel het meer voer verbruik vir beide die tilapia- en koi dieet (31,03 / 2,01 en 29,67 / 3,57) in vergelyking met die (26,35 / 2,44 ; 26,98 / 0,49 en 5,50 # 0,52 en 6,13 / 0,22) vir die drywende hokke en hersirkuleringseenheid stelsels onderskiedelik. Die % mortaliteite was betekenisvol (p<0,05) vir die verskillende stelsels. Koi visse in die hersirkuleringseenheid het die hoogste mortaliteite gehad vir beide die tilapia en die koi diëte (65,50 / 18,07% en 79,50 / 38,27%) terwyl koi visse in die gronddamme die laagste mortaliteite ondervind het (1,20 / 1,20% en 2,33 / 4,89%) vir beide die tilapia en koi diëte. Die koi in die gronddam stelsel het die beste resultate gelewer en dit is ook moontlik om koi 'n lae waarde dieet te voer sonder nadelige effekte op produksie.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
'n Besluitnemings ondersteuningsmodel vir die bepaling van die mees geskikte wisselboustelsel-ritme vir gemengde graanboerderye in die Koeberg
- Authors: Potgieter, F J
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Grain -- South Africa , Crop rotation
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10948 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43 , Grain -- South Africa , Crop rotation
- Description: Weens die unieke eiesoortigheid van die mens is sy behoeftes vanselfsprekend uiters divers. Wat vir die een persoon prioriteit is, mag vir sy buurman geensins belangrik wees nie. Dit is egter ook ’n gegewe, dat die mens heelwat gemeenskaplike ervarings, emosies en behoeftes deel. Een hiervan is die behoefte wat hy het om te weet dat die besluit wat hy gaan of wil neem die regte een binne die konteks van sy keuse mag wees. Die woord ‘behoefte’ kan waarskynlik in hierdie geval vervang word met die begrip ‘genade’. Sonder om 'n platvorm vir debat te skep, word die stelling gehandhaaf dat ‘genade’ slegs van die Skepper afkomstig is. Met hierdie stelling as agtergrond was dit 'n minder aangename ervaring om vir feitlik twintig jaar te moes toekyk hoe koringboere hul besluite, veral met betrekking tot die samestelling van wisselboustelsels, moes neem, klaarblyklik in totale gebrek aan die gawe van ‘genade’. Nodeloos om te sê, met gepaardgaande negatiewe gevolge. Die meer gemaklike verontskuldiging is om te redeneer dat ons Skepper relatief suinig is met die uitdeel van sy ‘genade’. Alvorens die begrip van Prediker 10:10 nog nie ten volle begryp is nie, kan so 'n stelling dalk makliker gemaak word. Hierdie gedeelte uit die Skrif sê in werklikheid die teenoorgestelde – dat God baie vrygewig is met Sy ‘genade’, maar dat die mens sy gesonde verstand moet gebruik om dit ten volle te benut. Die wens is dat hierdie studie, 'n deel sal uitmaak van die proses om die byl skerp te maak om sodoende die houtkap-proses effektief uit te voer.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Potgieter, F J
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Grain -- South Africa , Crop rotation
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10948 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43 , Grain -- South Africa , Crop rotation
- Description: Weens die unieke eiesoortigheid van die mens is sy behoeftes vanselfsprekend uiters divers. Wat vir die een persoon prioriteit is, mag vir sy buurman geensins belangrik wees nie. Dit is egter ook ’n gegewe, dat die mens heelwat gemeenskaplike ervarings, emosies en behoeftes deel. Een hiervan is die behoefte wat hy het om te weet dat die besluit wat hy gaan of wil neem die regte een binne die konteks van sy keuse mag wees. Die woord ‘behoefte’ kan waarskynlik in hierdie geval vervang word met die begrip ‘genade’. Sonder om 'n platvorm vir debat te skep, word die stelling gehandhaaf dat ‘genade’ slegs van die Skepper afkomstig is. Met hierdie stelling as agtergrond was dit 'n minder aangename ervaring om vir feitlik twintig jaar te moes toekyk hoe koringboere hul besluite, veral met betrekking tot die samestelling van wisselboustelsels, moes neem, klaarblyklik in totale gebrek aan die gawe van ‘genade’. Nodeloos om te sê, met gepaardgaande negatiewe gevolge. Die meer gemaklike verontskuldiging is om te redeneer dat ons Skepper relatief suinig is met die uitdeel van sy ‘genade’. Alvorens die begrip van Prediker 10:10 nog nie ten volle begryp is nie, kan so 'n stelling dalk makliker gemaak word. Hierdie gedeelte uit die Skrif sê in werklikheid die teenoorgestelde – dat God baie vrygewig is met Sy ‘genade’, maar dat die mens sy gesonde verstand moet gebruik om dit ten volle te benut. Die wens is dat hierdie studie, 'n deel sal uitmaak van die proses om die byl skerp te maak om sodoende die houtkap-proses effektief uit te voer.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A conceptual object-oriented model to support educators in an outcomes-based environment
- Authors: Harmse, Rudi Gerhard
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Competency-based education -- South Africa , Curriculum-based assessment -- South Africa , Object-oriented databases
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Information Technology)
- Identifier: vital:10794 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/47 , Competency-based education -- South Africa , Curriculum-based assessment -- South Africa , Object-oriented databases
- Description: The introduction of outcomes-based education (OBE) in South Africa has led to a new learner-centred approach with an emphasis on the outcomes that the learners need to achieve. With this learner-centred focus has come a greater need for record keeping. It is now necessary to track each learner’s progress towards the attainment of the learning outcomes. This progress is tracked in relation to assessment standards that are defined for every learning outcome. These assessment standards define the results expected of learners at certain stages in their development. The new OBE system has emphasised accountability and this is expressed in a requirement to keep evidence to justify the assessment results given. The large numbers of learners and the increased managerial demand of OBE cause problems to educators who may find themselves unable to keep track of the learners’ progress under such conditions. This dissertation investigates the structure of the new OBE system as well as its assessment and evidence requirements. From this the features required from a support system for educators in an OBE environment are determined. The supporting processes needed to enable these features to be implemented, as well as the storage requirements of such a system are identified. In addition to OBE, the field of Computer Integrated Learning Environments (CILEs) and Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) are investigated and useful details identified are added to the requirements for an OBE support system. The dissertation then presents an object-oriented conceptual model of the items that need to be stored in order to allow the features of an OBE support system to be implemented. The relationships between these items are also indicated in this model.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Harmse, Rudi Gerhard
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Competency-based education -- South Africa , Curriculum-based assessment -- South Africa , Object-oriented databases
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Information Technology)
- Identifier: vital:10794 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/47 , Competency-based education -- South Africa , Curriculum-based assessment -- South Africa , Object-oriented databases
- Description: The introduction of outcomes-based education (OBE) in South Africa has led to a new learner-centred approach with an emphasis on the outcomes that the learners need to achieve. With this learner-centred focus has come a greater need for record keeping. It is now necessary to track each learner’s progress towards the attainment of the learning outcomes. This progress is tracked in relation to assessment standards that are defined for every learning outcome. These assessment standards define the results expected of learners at certain stages in their development. The new OBE system has emphasised accountability and this is expressed in a requirement to keep evidence to justify the assessment results given. The large numbers of learners and the increased managerial demand of OBE cause problems to educators who may find themselves unable to keep track of the learners’ progress under such conditions. This dissertation investigates the structure of the new OBE system as well as its assessment and evidence requirements. From this the features required from a support system for educators in an OBE environment are determined. The supporting processes needed to enable these features to be implemented, as well as the storage requirements of such a system are identified. In addition to OBE, the field of Computer Integrated Learning Environments (CILEs) and Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) are investigated and useful details identified are added to the requirements for an OBE support system. The dissertation then presents an object-oriented conceptual model of the items that need to be stored in order to allow the features of an OBE support system to be implemented. The relationships between these items are also indicated in this model.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A critical evaluation of the Sibanye Mentoring Programme implemented by the Border Cricket Board
- Authors: Dixon, Barry Nolan James
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Sibanye Mentoring Programme , Border Cricket Board , Mentoring in business
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Business Administration)
- Identifier: vital:10900 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/49 , Sibanye Mentoring Programme , Border Cricket Board , Mentoring in business
- Description: The research problemaddressed in this study was critically evaluate whether the Sibanye Mentoring Project of the Border Cricket Board is an effective tool in the development of black cricket players. To achieve this objective an analysis was made as to why mentoring is essential in today’s business. The study discussed the implications of mentoring and how to use it to enhance employment equity. An integrated model for mentoring was investigated using relevant literature to identify the key elements in developing and maintaining a successful mentoring programme. Each factor of the model was broken down into dimensions that were then analysed using sources researched during the literature study. The theoretical model was then used to develop a questionnaire to test the degree to which the implementation of the Sibanye Mentoring Project of the Border Cricket Board concurred with the literature study. The empirical results obtained indicate a strong concurrence with the theoretical model for mentoring. The conclusions drawn and the recommendations suggested in the study proved without a doubt that mentoring can be an effective tool in the development of young black cricketers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Dixon, Barry Nolan James
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Sibanye Mentoring Programme , Border Cricket Board , Mentoring in business
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Business Administration)
- Identifier: vital:10900 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/49 , Sibanye Mentoring Programme , Border Cricket Board , Mentoring in business
- Description: The research problemaddressed in this study was critically evaluate whether the Sibanye Mentoring Project of the Border Cricket Board is an effective tool in the development of black cricket players. To achieve this objective an analysis was made as to why mentoring is essential in today’s business. The study discussed the implications of mentoring and how to use it to enhance employment equity. An integrated model for mentoring was investigated using relevant literature to identify the key elements in developing and maintaining a successful mentoring programme. Each factor of the model was broken down into dimensions that were then analysed using sources researched during the literature study. The theoretical model was then used to develop a questionnaire to test the degree to which the implementation of the Sibanye Mentoring Project of the Border Cricket Board concurred with the literature study. The empirical results obtained indicate a strong concurrence with the theoretical model for mentoring. The conclusions drawn and the recommendations suggested in the study proved without a doubt that mentoring can be an effective tool in the development of young black cricketers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A model for the enforcement of history-based separation of duty in heterogeneous workflow environments
- Authors: Papenfus, Carl
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Reengineering (Management) , Industrial management , Workflow
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Information Technology)
- Identifier: vital:10797 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/69 , Reengineering (Management) , Industrial management , Workflow
- Description: The current business world is becoming more and more dependent on electronic business. Many paper documents have been made obsolete by electronic documents, as they are easier to automate and track than paper documents. The increased use of computers within organizations has therefore, lead to an increase in use of workflow software products. The increased use of computer-based workflow has allowed organizations to conduct more types of electronic business. This has lead to electronic business crossing organizational boundaries and subsequently a need for heterogeneous workflow systems. For organizations to use heterogeneous workflow systems they must perform their duties in a seamless and secure manner. It is the author’s belief that History-based Separation of Duty principles can be used to formulate access control strategies that reflect the dynamic nature of heterogeneous workflow systems. History-based Separation of Duties relies on the workflow history of a workflow object to determine the access permissions of a particular user to that workflow object. The required workflow history data must be stored in an easily accessible manner. Although this can be achieved through a centralized approach, it is difficult to achieve in a heterogeneous workflow environment where many unrelated workflow systems are interacting across various computer platforms. The model proposed by this dissertation suggests that the workflow history data of a workflow object travels with it in the form of an electronic document, from one heterogeneous workflow environment to another, as a type of “workflow baggage”. In order for this workflow baggage to be easily accessible to all workflow systems in the heterogeneous workflow environment, it must be stored in a universal format, which is structured to allow it to be easily queried. The Extensible Markup Language (XML) is adopted as an appropriate format for representing workflow baggage. The proposed model hinges on the expression of Separation of Duty requirements in a way that is removed from the application programs. A policy-driven approach is thus adopted. The implementation of the model involves the utilization of four steps: policy expression, baggage evaluation, document processing and baggage collection. The policy expression step is responsible for developing the Separation of Duty constraints to be enforced within the workflow system. During the baggage evaluation step the baggage of the workflow object is evaluated according to the constraints of the Separation of Duty policy. Only users who do not violate any of the Separation of Duty constraints are allowed to process the workflow object. After the workflow object has been processed the information regarding the processing is recorded in the baggage collection step. The proposed model enables heterogeneous workflow systems to share access control information in a flexible and portable way.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Papenfus, Carl
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Reengineering (Management) , Industrial management , Workflow
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Information Technology)
- Identifier: vital:10797 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/69 , Reengineering (Management) , Industrial management , Workflow
- Description: The current business world is becoming more and more dependent on electronic business. Many paper documents have been made obsolete by electronic documents, as they are easier to automate and track than paper documents. The increased use of computers within organizations has therefore, lead to an increase in use of workflow software products. The increased use of computer-based workflow has allowed organizations to conduct more types of electronic business. This has lead to electronic business crossing organizational boundaries and subsequently a need for heterogeneous workflow systems. For organizations to use heterogeneous workflow systems they must perform their duties in a seamless and secure manner. It is the author’s belief that History-based Separation of Duty principles can be used to formulate access control strategies that reflect the dynamic nature of heterogeneous workflow systems. History-based Separation of Duties relies on the workflow history of a workflow object to determine the access permissions of a particular user to that workflow object. The required workflow history data must be stored in an easily accessible manner. Although this can be achieved through a centralized approach, it is difficult to achieve in a heterogeneous workflow environment where many unrelated workflow systems are interacting across various computer platforms. The model proposed by this dissertation suggests that the workflow history data of a workflow object travels with it in the form of an electronic document, from one heterogeneous workflow environment to another, as a type of “workflow baggage”. In order for this workflow baggage to be easily accessible to all workflow systems in the heterogeneous workflow environment, it must be stored in a universal format, which is structured to allow it to be easily queried. The Extensible Markup Language (XML) is adopted as an appropriate format for representing workflow baggage. The proposed model hinges on the expression of Separation of Duty requirements in a way that is removed from the application programs. A policy-driven approach is thus adopted. The implementation of the model involves the utilization of four steps: policy expression, baggage evaluation, document processing and baggage collection. The policy expression step is responsible for developing the Separation of Duty constraints to be enforced within the workflow system. During the baggage evaluation step the baggage of the workflow object is evaluated according to the constraints of the Separation of Duty policy. Only users who do not violate any of the Separation of Duty constraints are allowed to process the workflow object. After the workflow object has been processed the information regarding the processing is recorded in the baggage collection step. The proposed model enables heterogeneous workflow systems to share access control information in a flexible and portable way.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A study of affirmative action policies practised by members of the East Cape Master Builders and Allied Industries Association
- Authors: Katz, Joel
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Affirmative action programs -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10946 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011326 , Affirmative action programs -- South Africa
- Description: The research problem addressed in this study, was to determine what affirmative action policies are being practiced by members of the East Cape Master Builders and Allied Industries Association. To achieve this objective, a literature study was conducted to cite and evaluate relevant literature, in the process of presenting the most theoretical and methodological rationale for the research. The empirical results obtained, indicate that most companies have implemented affirmative action policies. In conclusion, various recommendations have been made with regard to the findings ascertained in the empirical study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Katz, Joel
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Affirmative action programs -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10946 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011326 , Affirmative action programs -- South Africa
- Description: The research problem addressed in this study, was to determine what affirmative action policies are being practiced by members of the East Cape Master Builders and Allied Industries Association. To achieve this objective, a literature study was conducted to cite and evaluate relevant literature, in the process of presenting the most theoretical and methodological rationale for the research. The empirical results obtained, indicate that most companies have implemented affirmative action policies. In conclusion, various recommendations have been made with regard to the findings ascertained in the empirical study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
An evaluation of the interventions utilized by manufacturing organizations in the Eastern Cape to ensure the optimal implementation and functioning of self-directed work teams
- Authors: Mey, Michelle Ruth
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Self-directed work teams , Teams in the workplace
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Human Resources Management)
- Identifier: vital:10870 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/61 , Self-directed work teams , Teams in the workplace
- Description: Organisations worldwide are attempting to increase individual job satisfaction, productivity and efficiency by implementing work teams. This research study evaluates the interventions considered necessary to optimally implement and maintain self-directed work teams (SDWTs). In order to complete this study it was necessary to address the characteristics associated with SDWTs, problems commonly experienced during implementation and functioning of SDWTs and the identification of the interventions used to promote the successful implementation and maintenance of SDWTs. These objectives were achieved by means of a comprehensive literature study. Subsequent to the literature study, a process model for the successful implementation and maintenance of a SDWT within a South African organization was developed. Thereafter, a questionnaire was developed based on the findings of the literature study and distributed to a randomly selected population. The objective of the questionnaire was to evaluate the interventions utilized during the implementation and maintenance of SDWTs. The results of the empirical study were statistically analysed and interpreted. Finally, conclusions and recommendations were made. The most important recommendations are as follows: Firstly, the trade union must be consulted and involved in the decision to implement SDWTs. Members of the team must be exposed to training interventions prior to the implementation of the SDWT. Thereafter, team members must undergo advanced training in interpersonal and problemsolving skills. Salary and reward structures within the organisation must be adapted to suit a teambased environment. Finally, the success of the SDWT will depend on the support provided by management. Management needs to exhibit total commitment to the change on a continuous basis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Mey, Michelle Ruth
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Self-directed work teams , Teams in the workplace
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Human Resources Management)
- Identifier: vital:10870 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/61 , Self-directed work teams , Teams in the workplace
- Description: Organisations worldwide are attempting to increase individual job satisfaction, productivity and efficiency by implementing work teams. This research study evaluates the interventions considered necessary to optimally implement and maintain self-directed work teams (SDWTs). In order to complete this study it was necessary to address the characteristics associated with SDWTs, problems commonly experienced during implementation and functioning of SDWTs and the identification of the interventions used to promote the successful implementation and maintenance of SDWTs. These objectives were achieved by means of a comprehensive literature study. Subsequent to the literature study, a process model for the successful implementation and maintenance of a SDWT within a South African organization was developed. Thereafter, a questionnaire was developed based on the findings of the literature study and distributed to a randomly selected population. The objective of the questionnaire was to evaluate the interventions utilized during the implementation and maintenance of SDWTs. The results of the empirical study were statistically analysed and interpreted. Finally, conclusions and recommendations were made. The most important recommendations are as follows: Firstly, the trade union must be consulted and involved in the decision to implement SDWTs. Members of the team must be exposed to training interventions prior to the implementation of the SDWT. Thereafter, team members must undergo advanced training in interpersonal and problemsolving skills. Salary and reward structures within the organisation must be adapted to suit a teambased environment. Finally, the success of the SDWT will depend on the support provided by management. Management needs to exhibit total commitment to the change on a continuous basis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
An evaluation of the leadership effectiveness among production supervisors at selected pharmaceutical organisations in Port Elizabeth
- Authors: Swanepoel, Deon Andre
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Leadership , Pharmacy management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10889 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/62 , Leadership , Pharmacy management
- Description: Effective leadership is one of the most important factors that influence the performance of an organisation. Effective leadership together with supervision are similar in terms of their influence of others towards achieving the goals of the organisation. Therefore, effective leadership and supervision are principal activities through which organisational goals and objectives are achieved. The main objectives of this study are firstly to evaluate the leadership effectiveness of production supervisors at Lennon and Intramed. Secondly, to suggest recommendations to management to improve or eliminate shortcomings in the leadership effectiveness of the production supervisors at Lennon and Intramed. In this way, a contribution to the overall leadership effectiveness of the production supervisors at Lennon and Intramed is achieved. In order to achieve the said objectives, the following methodology was employed: Firstly, guidelines for effective leadership were identified by means of evaluating existing literature and theory. This was achieved by critically examining existing leadership theories and models. The major contributions, disadvantages, and advantages of each of these theories and models were evaluated which resulted in the list of guidelines for effective leadership. Secondly, the pharmaceutical industry and the theory surrounding supervision were critically examined and discussed. Attention was given to the pharmaceutical industry in South Africa, with special reference to Lennon and Intramed. The theory of supervision was examined with special focus on the skills, functions, power, and responsibilities of the supervisor. Thirdly, a postal questionnaire was used to gather the required empirical information. The response obtained from the questionnaire was critically evaluated against the guidelines for effective leadership and effective supervision, and the results were graphically represented in a company leadership profile. Lennon and Intramed were evaluated separately, and the major differences and similarities between the two organisations were critically evaluated. Lastly, the main findings and recommendations were formulated in order to remedy the shortcomings that were identified. The following recommendations may lead to more effective leadership among production supervisors at Lennon and Intramed: It is necessary that this study be made available to the supervisors at Lennon and Intramed, as it will give them insight into the theory of leadership and what effective leadership is about. It will furthermore give the supervisors an insight into the way that their subordinates view their leadership behaviour and effectiveness. It is further recommended that the information from this study be made available through sensitisation sessions where the necessary information is presented to a group or individual supervisors. Leadership training and development is required as it can make a meaningful contribution to equip supervisors with the necessary leadership skills to practise effective leadership. This leadership training and development can be done by means of short courses presented by a formal training institution, or by a suitably qualified in-house presenter. The last recommendation to leadership effectiveness involves the implementation of a performance management system and incentive scheme to further motivate and drive the supervisor’s leadership behaviour towards effective leadership.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Swanepoel, Deon Andre
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Leadership , Pharmacy management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10889 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/62 , Leadership , Pharmacy management
- Description: Effective leadership is one of the most important factors that influence the performance of an organisation. Effective leadership together with supervision are similar in terms of their influence of others towards achieving the goals of the organisation. Therefore, effective leadership and supervision are principal activities through which organisational goals and objectives are achieved. The main objectives of this study are firstly to evaluate the leadership effectiveness of production supervisors at Lennon and Intramed. Secondly, to suggest recommendations to management to improve or eliminate shortcomings in the leadership effectiveness of the production supervisors at Lennon and Intramed. In this way, a contribution to the overall leadership effectiveness of the production supervisors at Lennon and Intramed is achieved. In order to achieve the said objectives, the following methodology was employed: Firstly, guidelines for effective leadership were identified by means of evaluating existing literature and theory. This was achieved by critically examining existing leadership theories and models. The major contributions, disadvantages, and advantages of each of these theories and models were evaluated which resulted in the list of guidelines for effective leadership. Secondly, the pharmaceutical industry and the theory surrounding supervision were critically examined and discussed. Attention was given to the pharmaceutical industry in South Africa, with special reference to Lennon and Intramed. The theory of supervision was examined with special focus on the skills, functions, power, and responsibilities of the supervisor. Thirdly, a postal questionnaire was used to gather the required empirical information. The response obtained from the questionnaire was critically evaluated against the guidelines for effective leadership and effective supervision, and the results were graphically represented in a company leadership profile. Lennon and Intramed were evaluated separately, and the major differences and similarities between the two organisations were critically evaluated. Lastly, the main findings and recommendations were formulated in order to remedy the shortcomings that were identified. The following recommendations may lead to more effective leadership among production supervisors at Lennon and Intramed: It is necessary that this study be made available to the supervisors at Lennon and Intramed, as it will give them insight into the theory of leadership and what effective leadership is about. It will furthermore give the supervisors an insight into the way that their subordinates view their leadership behaviour and effectiveness. It is further recommended that the information from this study be made available through sensitisation sessions where the necessary information is presented to a group or individual supervisors. Leadership training and development is required as it can make a meaningful contribution to equip supervisors with the necessary leadership skills to practise effective leadership. This leadership training and development can be done by means of short courses presented by a formal training institution, or by a suitably qualified in-house presenter. The last recommendation to leadership effectiveness involves the implementation of a performance management system and incentive scheme to further motivate and drive the supervisor’s leadership behaviour towards effective leadership.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
An evaluation to assist a metropolitan broker division to improve the level of service quality towards contracted brokers
- Authors: Calitz, Andries P
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Customer services -- Quality control , Insurance companies -- South Africa , Customer relations
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10942 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1006206 , Customer services -- Quality control , Insurance companies -- South Africa , Customer relations
- Description: In this study the service quality from a Metropolitan Broker Division towards contracted brokers in the southern region was investigated. From the industry and competitor analyses it can be concluded that service quality has become an important factor in the financial service industry, especially in the insurance industry. It is therefore important to look at options to outperform competitors. The literature survey was aimed at improving the level of quality service to contracted brokers. Based on the information obtained through the literature study and survey, a guideline to assist a Metropolitan Broker Division to improve the level of service quality was developed. The purpose of the empirical study was to determine if the service that contracted brokers receive from the Metropolitan Broker Division is of an acceptable level. The answers from respondents were analysed and compared with findings from the literature study. Recommendations were formulated for improving the level of service quality towards contracted brokers. The empirical study results were satisfactory and informative. The positive responses identified can be utilised to strengthen the marketing strategies by Metropolitan Broker Division while attention should be given to the negative responses.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Calitz, Andries P
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Customer services -- Quality control , Insurance companies -- South Africa , Customer relations
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10942 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1006206 , Customer services -- Quality control , Insurance companies -- South Africa , Customer relations
- Description: In this study the service quality from a Metropolitan Broker Division towards contracted brokers in the southern region was investigated. From the industry and competitor analyses it can be concluded that service quality has become an important factor in the financial service industry, especially in the insurance industry. It is therefore important to look at options to outperform competitors. The literature survey was aimed at improving the level of quality service to contracted brokers. Based on the information obtained through the literature study and survey, a guideline to assist a Metropolitan Broker Division to improve the level of service quality was developed. The purpose of the empirical study was to determine if the service that contracted brokers receive from the Metropolitan Broker Division is of an acceptable level. The answers from respondents were analysed and compared with findings from the literature study. Recommendations were formulated for improving the level of service quality towards contracted brokers. The empirical study results were satisfactory and informative. The positive responses identified can be utilised to strengthen the marketing strategies by Metropolitan Broker Division while attention should be given to the negative responses.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
An investigation into the effectiveness of technology change management in a selected manufacturing organisation in the Nelson Mandela Metropole
- Authors: Oosthuizen, Johan
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Bridgestone/Firestone (Firm) , Industrial relations -- Technological innovations , Organizational change -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10916 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64 , Bridgestone/Firestone (Firm) , Industrial relations -- Technological innovations , Organizational change -- Management
- Description: This research investigated technology change management at Bridgestone/Firestone in the Port Elizabeth metropole. From a manufacturing organisation’s point of view it is clear that technology change is a constant force that determines competitiveness. The thesis outlines the specific requirements needed for utilising the concept of technology change management at Bridgestone/Firestone. The literature survey was aimed at placing the concept of technology change management and the correct organisational structure and organisational focus points in perspective to ensure successful technology change and its implementation at Bridgestone/Firestone. The purpose of the empirical study was to test managements perseptions of technology change management at Bridgestone/Firestone and to contribute useful information to the organisation. From the findings improvements and recommendations were suggested as guidelines for any tyre manufacturer to follow to improve technology change management. The empirical study results show that there is room for improvement. The responses to statements outlined areas that need improvement and those that do not according to the views of Bridgestone/Firestone’s management.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Oosthuizen, Johan
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Bridgestone/Firestone (Firm) , Industrial relations -- Technological innovations , Organizational change -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10916 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64 , Bridgestone/Firestone (Firm) , Industrial relations -- Technological innovations , Organizational change -- Management
- Description: This research investigated technology change management at Bridgestone/Firestone in the Port Elizabeth metropole. From a manufacturing organisation’s point of view it is clear that technology change is a constant force that determines competitiveness. The thesis outlines the specific requirements needed for utilising the concept of technology change management at Bridgestone/Firestone. The literature survey was aimed at placing the concept of technology change management and the correct organisational structure and organisational focus points in perspective to ensure successful technology change and its implementation at Bridgestone/Firestone. The purpose of the empirical study was to test managements perseptions of technology change management at Bridgestone/Firestone and to contribute useful information to the organisation. From the findings improvements and recommendations were suggested as guidelines for any tyre manufacturer to follow to improve technology change management. The empirical study results show that there is room for improvement. The responses to statements outlined areas that need improvement and those that do not according to the views of Bridgestone/Firestone’s management.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001