'n Sintaktiese ondersoek na die gebruik van die neweskikkende voegwoord in Afrikaans
- Authors: Bosch, Agnes Barbara
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Afrikaans language -- Conjunctions Afrikaans language -- Syntax
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3600 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002184
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Bosch, Agnes Barbara
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Afrikaans language -- Conjunctions Afrikaans language -- Syntax
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3600 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002184
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
A phenomenological explication of a client's retrospective experience of psychotherapy
- Authors: Eppel, Mark Dan
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Psychotherapy -- Research , Insight in psychotherapy , Psychotherapy -- Case studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:3138 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006962 , Psychotherapy -- Research , Insight in psychotherapy , Psychotherapy -- Case studies
- Description: From introduction: This study is an attempt to explore and describe phenomenologically a clients total retrospective experience of psychotherapy. The research consistently and radically approaches the phenomenon of the experience of psychotherapy from the clients own perspective and is conceived as a mutual project between researcher and subject. The phenomenological method is used to explicate the subjects qualitative experience of psychotherapy so as not to impose any presuppositions regarding the nature of this experience. At all times the research remains as faithful as possible to the subjects personal account of her therapy experience
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Eppel, Mark Dan
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Psychotherapy -- Research , Insight in psychotherapy , Psychotherapy -- Case studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:3138 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006962 , Psychotherapy -- Research , Insight in psychotherapy , Psychotherapy -- Case studies
- Description: From introduction: This study is an attempt to explore and describe phenomenologically a clients total retrospective experience of psychotherapy. The research consistently and radically approaches the phenomenon of the experience of psychotherapy from the clients own perspective and is conceived as a mutual project between researcher and subject. The phenomenological method is used to explicate the subjects qualitative experience of psychotherapy so as not to impose any presuppositions regarding the nature of this experience. At all times the research remains as faithful as possible to the subjects personal account of her therapy experience
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
A real time Fast Fourier Transform analyser
- Authors: Fisher, John Stanley
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Fourier transformations Ionosondes Algorithms Computer simulation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5439 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001992
- Description: From the requirements of the Ionosonde digitisation project, undertaken by Rhodes University Antarctic Research Group, it was decided to use the Fast Fourier Transform to compute the spectrum analysis. Several FFT algorithms are reviewed and properties discussed, and the Ccoley Tukey algorithm chosen for utilization. The hardware implementation of this algorithm, and the microprogram control of the whole system are discussed in detail, and such design aspects that required computer simulation are also treated in detail. The final testing of the analyser is shown, and includes a test using data from an ionosonde sounding. The conclusions contain details of extensions to the analysers present operation, required by plans to place the whole Chirpsounder under microprocessor control
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Fisher, John Stanley
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Fourier transformations Ionosondes Algorithms Computer simulation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5439 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001992
- Description: From the requirements of the Ionosonde digitisation project, undertaken by Rhodes University Antarctic Research Group, it was decided to use the Fast Fourier Transform to compute the spectrum analysis. Several FFT algorithms are reviewed and properties discussed, and the Ccoley Tukey algorithm chosen for utilization. The hardware implementation of this algorithm, and the microprogram control of the whole system are discussed in detail, and such design aspects that required computer simulation are also treated in detail. The final testing of the analyser is shown, and includes a test using data from an ionosonde sounding. The conclusions contain details of extensions to the analysers present operation, required by plans to place the whole Chirpsounder under microprocessor control
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
A review of mineral exploration drilling with particular reference to Southern Africa
- Authors: Bertram, N G E
- Date: 1980
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4931 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004930
- Description: The field of mineral exploration drilling is reviewed with particular reference to examples, and techniques practised, in southern Africa. Drilling is the most· definitive process in exploration and the most cost intensive. It is, therefore, imperative to insure that the maximum geological information available is obtained from a borehole to warrant the cost of drilling it. Methods and techniques of obtaining this information, at little additional expense, are described and reviewed. Non-core percussion and rotary drilled boreholes cost significantly less than diamond drill holes and, as a result, many more holes can be drilled for the money available. While the logging of cuttings is notoriously neglected in most exploration programmes; a great deal of information is available to the conscientious evaluator. Down-the-hole logging and sampling techniques improve the reliability of the borehole samples and provide rapid and inexpensive analyses and lithological data. Cored, or diamond drill boreholes, are the most versatile of the drilling methods available and provide the most reliable lithological and grade information. The handling, logging, sampling and storage of core and core data is discussed. For little additional expense, comprehensive and accurate borehole surveys can be conducted and oriented cores obtained from the borehole. The natural tendency of a borehole to deviate can be used to advantage with controlled drilling techniques. Multiple ore intersections are possible through controlled deflections from a master hole. Mathematical, statistical and simulation models are available to optimise borehole siting, spacing and grid dimensions .
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Bertram, N G E
- Date: 1980
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4931 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004930
- Description: The field of mineral exploration drilling is reviewed with particular reference to examples, and techniques practised, in southern Africa. Drilling is the most· definitive process in exploration and the most cost intensive. It is, therefore, imperative to insure that the maximum geological information available is obtained from a borehole to warrant the cost of drilling it. Methods and techniques of obtaining this information, at little additional expense, are described and reviewed. Non-core percussion and rotary drilled boreholes cost significantly less than diamond drill holes and, as a result, many more holes can be drilled for the money available. While the logging of cuttings is notoriously neglected in most exploration programmes; a great deal of information is available to the conscientious evaluator. Down-the-hole logging and sampling techniques improve the reliability of the borehole samples and provide rapid and inexpensive analyses and lithological data. Cored, or diamond drill boreholes, are the most versatile of the drilling methods available and provide the most reliable lithological and grade information. The handling, logging, sampling and storage of core and core data is discussed. For little additional expense, comprehensive and accurate borehole surveys can be conducted and oriented cores obtained from the borehole. The natural tendency of a borehole to deviate can be used to advantage with controlled drilling techniques. Multiple ore intersections are possible through controlled deflections from a master hole. Mathematical, statistical and simulation models are available to optimise borehole siting, spacing and grid dimensions .
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
A review of unconformity-type uranium deposits
- Authors: Dabrowski, F A
- Date: 1980 , 2013-04-02
- Subjects: Uranium ores , Mineralogy , Geochemistry , Unconformities (Geology)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4917 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003289 , Uranium ores , Mineralogy , Geochemistry , Unconformities (Geology)
- Description: Intense interest in uranium in the past decade has led to the discovery of new kinds of deposits of which the so-called unconformity-type are economically the most important. Presently known occurrences are restricted to Australia and Canada where they are characterized chiefly by their spatial relationship to Lower-Middle Proterozoic unconformities. Other common features include similar host-rock assemblages, structural controls, alteration, mineralogy, age relationships and fluid-inclusion data. Similar characteristics in other vein-type deposits, including those of the Beaverlodge district in Canada, deposits in France and Portugal, and the Schwartzwalder mine in the United States, suggest that they may also be of the unconformity-type. Various interpretations of the geological relationships of unconformity-type deposits have resulted in a number of genetic hypotheses, which require different exploration philosophies. Nearsurface supergene processes are considered to be most important although other mechanisms may have played contributing roles in the concentration of uranium. There is considerable potential for further discoveries of unconformity-type uranium deposits throughout the world. No such deposits are yet known in southern Africa although several favourable Precambrian unconformities are present.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Dabrowski, F A
- Date: 1980 , 2013-04-02
- Subjects: Uranium ores , Mineralogy , Geochemistry , Unconformities (Geology)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4917 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003289 , Uranium ores , Mineralogy , Geochemistry , Unconformities (Geology)
- Description: Intense interest in uranium in the past decade has led to the discovery of new kinds of deposits of which the so-called unconformity-type are economically the most important. Presently known occurrences are restricted to Australia and Canada where they are characterized chiefly by their spatial relationship to Lower-Middle Proterozoic unconformities. Other common features include similar host-rock assemblages, structural controls, alteration, mineralogy, age relationships and fluid-inclusion data. Similar characteristics in other vein-type deposits, including those of the Beaverlodge district in Canada, deposits in France and Portugal, and the Schwartzwalder mine in the United States, suggest that they may also be of the unconformity-type. Various interpretations of the geological relationships of unconformity-type deposits have resulted in a number of genetic hypotheses, which require different exploration philosophies. Nearsurface supergene processes are considered to be most important although other mechanisms may have played contributing roles in the concentration of uranium. There is considerable potential for further discoveries of unconformity-type uranium deposits throughout the world. No such deposits are yet known in southern Africa although several favourable Precambrian unconformities are present.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
Achievement motivation in a group of educated Blacks in the mining industry and its implications on job performance
- Authors: Jamotte, Ann
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Employee motivation -- South Africa Achievement motivation -- South Africa Black people -- Employment -- South Africa -- Psychological aspects Black people -- South Africa -- Personnel management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3140 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006980
- Description: Summary: The central purpose of this study was to establish whether there is a positive relationship between a high achievement motive (as measured by the Thematic Apperception Test, using the Arnold's scoring system) in Blacks and Good Job Performance (as measured by good merit and supervisory ratings). Factors taken into consideration in the study were: (i)level of urbanization (ii)resistance to change (iii)job satisfaction. An alternative method of scoring the T.A.T. (McClelland) was compared with the Arnold System. A novel T.A.T. was designed with pictures with which the Blacks could easily identify, so that the writing of stories was facilitated. The level of urbanization and resistance to change were measured on the Urban- Rural Scale. Job satisfaction was measured by means of the Job Satisfaction Index. The measures of job performance were obtained by means of 'man specifications' and merit ratings. The Achievement Motivation Score was found to be significantly positively correlated at the ,05 level with job performance ratings, but a predictive study would have to be carried out before it can be accepted as predictive of job performance. Level of urbanization had no significant effect on the achievement, motivation scorer (Arnold System) whereas 'the 'Resistance to Change' factor was found to be significantly negatively correlated at the ,05 level with the achievement motivation scores (Arnold). 'Too little information was available to establish the relationship between high achievement motivation scores (Arnold), low job performance ratings and low job satisfaction scores. No significant correlations was obtained between the McClelland scores on the T.A.T., and the Arnold scores as well as between the McClelland scores on the T.A.T. and job performance ratings. The T.A.T., using the Arnold scoring system, proved to be a reliable test (both test - retest and inter - scorer reliabilities This study showed that the T.A.T. has strong possibilities of playing a large role in the selection of Blacks for higher level jobs in industry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Jamotte, Ann
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Employee motivation -- South Africa Achievement motivation -- South Africa Black people -- Employment -- South Africa -- Psychological aspects Black people -- South Africa -- Personnel management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3140 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006980
- Description: Summary: The central purpose of this study was to establish whether there is a positive relationship between a high achievement motive (as measured by the Thematic Apperception Test, using the Arnold's scoring system) in Blacks and Good Job Performance (as measured by good merit and supervisory ratings). Factors taken into consideration in the study were: (i)level of urbanization (ii)resistance to change (iii)job satisfaction. An alternative method of scoring the T.A.T. (McClelland) was compared with the Arnold System. A novel T.A.T. was designed with pictures with which the Blacks could easily identify, so that the writing of stories was facilitated. The level of urbanization and resistance to change were measured on the Urban- Rural Scale. Job satisfaction was measured by means of the Job Satisfaction Index. The measures of job performance were obtained by means of 'man specifications' and merit ratings. The Achievement Motivation Score was found to be significantly positively correlated at the ,05 level with job performance ratings, but a predictive study would have to be carried out before it can be accepted as predictive of job performance. Level of urbanization had no significant effect on the achievement, motivation scorer (Arnold System) whereas 'the 'Resistance to Change' factor was found to be significantly negatively correlated at the ,05 level with the achievement motivation scores (Arnold). 'Too little information was available to establish the relationship between high achievement motivation scores (Arnold), low job performance ratings and low job satisfaction scores. No significant correlations was obtained between the McClelland scores on the T.A.T., and the Arnold scores as well as between the McClelland scores on the T.A.T. and job performance ratings. The T.A.T., using the Arnold scoring system, proved to be a reliable test (both test - retest and inter - scorer reliabilities This study showed that the T.A.T. has strong possibilities of playing a large role in the selection of Blacks for higher level jobs in industry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
An exploration into the meaning of death
- Authors: Todres, Leslie Allen
- Date: 1980 , 2013-03-28
- Subjects: Death -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:3107 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004519 , Death -- Psychological aspects
- Description: From Preface: The present study attempts to explore, both theoretically and empirically, some implications that a personal consideration of death may have for the way we live our lives. Existential-Phenomenology has concerned itself with the description of the dimensions of human existence. It is in this enquiry that Death, and through it, human finitude, emerges as an important dimension of existence. It is not the fact of death itself, but the MEANING it has for our lives which may be of important consequence. It is to this area that this research addresses itself. The methodology employed arises out of a concern to contribute to the establishment of Psychology as a Human Science. To this end, a chapter focusing on the philosophical bases of methodology is included. It is hoped that this study may, however little, contribute both to the field of Thanatology as well as to the more theoretical issue of what Psychology is, and where it is going. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Todres, Leslie Allen
- Date: 1980 , 2013-03-28
- Subjects: Death -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:3107 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004519 , Death -- Psychological aspects
- Description: From Preface: The present study attempts to explore, both theoretically and empirically, some implications that a personal consideration of death may have for the way we live our lives. Existential-Phenomenology has concerned itself with the description of the dimensions of human existence. It is in this enquiry that Death, and through it, human finitude, emerges as an important dimension of existence. It is not the fact of death itself, but the MEANING it has for our lives which may be of important consequence. It is to this area that this research addresses itself. The methodology employed arises out of a concern to contribute to the establishment of Psychology as a Human Science. To this end, a chapter focusing on the philosophical bases of methodology is included. It is hoped that this study may, however little, contribute both to the field of Thanatology as well as to the more theoretical issue of what Psychology is, and where it is going. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
An investigation into nineteenth century book illustration with reference to the movement towards total collaboration in the works of Charles Dickens and his major illustrators
- Authors: Crowe, Richard J J
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Dickens, Charles, 1812-1870 -- Illustrations Illustrators llustration of books -- Great Britain -- 19th century
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2467 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009433
- Description: It is necessary to state clearly at the outset of this essay that the field comprising Book Illustration is extremely complex. This is not difficult to appreciate when one considers that the term "Book Illustration" covers both the highly developed art forms such as are found for example in the Book of Kells; and at the same time such cheap and shallow examples as are found in magazines and books that are churned out for the million. Therefore it becomes necessary to draw a sharp distinction between what could be called "inferior" and "superior" quality of Book Illustration. (a) I see this dividing line being drawn between two fundamentally divergent attitudes: the one involves a purely external and decorative approach which lacks real artistic value; (b) and the other, which is the result of the dynamic collaboration between an author and an artist to produce work founded on deep and rich artistic principles. (c) For the sake of clarity I wish to take this idea of a division a step further, and to suggest that within the "superior" bracket there is also a continuing scale of improvement and bettering, which culminates in an idealised state which could be called "TOTAL COLLABORATION" between an author and an artist.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Crowe, Richard J J
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Dickens, Charles, 1812-1870 -- Illustrations Illustrators llustration of books -- Great Britain -- 19th century
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2467 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009433
- Description: It is necessary to state clearly at the outset of this essay that the field comprising Book Illustration is extremely complex. This is not difficult to appreciate when one considers that the term "Book Illustration" covers both the highly developed art forms such as are found for example in the Book of Kells; and at the same time such cheap and shallow examples as are found in magazines and books that are churned out for the million. Therefore it becomes necessary to draw a sharp distinction between what could be called "inferior" and "superior" quality of Book Illustration. (a) I see this dividing line being drawn between two fundamentally divergent attitudes: the one involves a purely external and decorative approach which lacks real artistic value; (b) and the other, which is the result of the dynamic collaboration between an author and an artist to produce work founded on deep and rich artistic principles. (c) For the sake of clarity I wish to take this idea of a division a step further, and to suggest that within the "superior" bracket there is also a continuing scale of improvement and bettering, which culminates in an idealised state which could be called "TOTAL COLLABORATION" between an author and an artist.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
An investigation of the corporate planning concept in a South African motor manufacturing undertaking
- Authors: Coman, Keith Rawson
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Business planning -- South Africa , Motor vehicle industry -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:1081 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010583 , Business planning -- South Africa , Motor vehicle industry -- South Africa
- Description: The intention of this dissertation is to attempt to project the theoretical concept of Corporate (or Long-Range) Planning into the reality of one of South Africa's major motor vehicle manufacturing company's task environment. It is a sad fact that there are no universally - applicable practical planning "laws" (as are present within the discipline of, say, Physics) amidst the ever-changing hurly-burly world of modern commerce and industry. Accordingly, there are very real distinctions between distilled Corporate Planning theory, as it is propounded in the many available books and articles, and Corporate Planning practice as actually implemented. This is true largely by virtue of the fact that in the same way as persons differ in their physical and mental make-up, so too do individual companies; even to the extent of acquiring a distinct corporate "personality" of their own. Terms of reference, p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Coman, Keith Rawson
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Business planning -- South Africa , Motor vehicle industry -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:1081 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010583 , Business planning -- South Africa , Motor vehicle industry -- South Africa
- Description: The intention of this dissertation is to attempt to project the theoretical concept of Corporate (or Long-Range) Planning into the reality of one of South Africa's major motor vehicle manufacturing company's task environment. It is a sad fact that there are no universally - applicable practical planning "laws" (as are present within the discipline of, say, Physics) amidst the ever-changing hurly-burly world of modern commerce and industry. Accordingly, there are very real distinctions between distilled Corporate Planning theory, as it is propounded in the many available books and articles, and Corporate Planning practice as actually implemented. This is true largely by virtue of the fact that in the same way as persons differ in their physical and mental make-up, so too do individual companies; even to the extent of acquiring a distinct corporate "personality" of their own. Terms of reference, p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
Aspects of the theory and practice of choral training in South African schools
- Authors: Radue, Robin R
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Choral music -- Scores Choral music -- Instruction and study Choirs (Music) -- Instruction and study , Choral singing , Scores , Children's choirs , Choral training
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MMus
- Identifier: vital:2629 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001974
- Description: Firstly, the matter of constituting a choir is discussed. This involves auditioning, with its attendant problems of nervousness and self-consciousness on the part of the children, and assessment on that of the trainer. In the final analysis, after enthusiastically advertising the rewards to be gained from choral singing, and after trying to create an environment which is seen to be conducive to this philosophy, the trainer has to make the best of the willing forces available. Rehearsals are probably more important than performances, since the time devoted to preparation is much longer. Moreover, the educational value of carefully preparing the music and of becoming acquainted with the techniques of singing and with the aesthetic niceties of style and interpretation should by no means be underestimated. The choir and trainer get to know not only the music but also each other, and the trainer has to use his skills wisely in developing the human and musical resources available to him, in order to realize their greatest potential (Introduction, p. ii-iii)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Radue, Robin R
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Choral music -- Scores Choral music -- Instruction and study Choirs (Music) -- Instruction and study , Choral singing , Scores , Children's choirs , Choral training
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MMus
- Identifier: vital:2629 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001974
- Description: Firstly, the matter of constituting a choir is discussed. This involves auditioning, with its attendant problems of nervousness and self-consciousness on the part of the children, and assessment on that of the trainer. In the final analysis, after enthusiastically advertising the rewards to be gained from choral singing, and after trying to create an environment which is seen to be conducive to this philosophy, the trainer has to make the best of the willing forces available. Rehearsals are probably more important than performances, since the time devoted to preparation is much longer. Moreover, the educational value of carefully preparing the music and of becoming acquainted with the techniques of singing and with the aesthetic niceties of style and interpretation should by no means be underestimated. The choir and trainer get to know not only the music but also each other, and the trainer has to use his skills wisely in developing the human and musical resources available to him, in order to realize their greatest potential (Introduction, p. ii-iii)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
Baudelaire, nature and the artist in society
- Authors: Howell, Jane
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Baudelaire, Charles, 1821-1867
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2466 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009432
- Description: From Conclusion: The Artist can regard Baudelaire as a touchstone, as so many of his ideals and maxims are the ideals and maxims of the Artist himself. He teaches us many invaluable secrets of the universe and his lucid rendering of their explanations give us a clear insight into its mystery. He believed that Art was the ‘brainchild’ of Nature’s inspiration and that through its means and ways Natures mysteries will be revealed to us. He fought against all that the modern-day Artist is stiII fighting against. He rebelled against society1s false reasoning and its false morals. He became ‘self-exiled’ so that he could retain his individuality and reasoning. Like the Artist, his most valuable quality was his spontaneity and inspiration, given to him when his spirit moved him. His poems stand complete in themselves and yet all have a mysterious quality binding them. Likewise our paintings must also stand complete, they must be an end in themselves, each with its own singular message and yet a unity must prevaiI throughout. We must strive for that eternal quality that is so obvious in Baudelaire1s work. He can be read today at the distance of a century as if he had written for the present generation, with a knowledge of its problems and interests. His appeal is still vital because he was not fettered by the fashionable opinions and evanescent whims of his own age, and he made no concessions to the spirit of his own time in order to gain popularity.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Howell, Jane
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Baudelaire, Charles, 1821-1867
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2466 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009432
- Description: From Conclusion: The Artist can regard Baudelaire as a touchstone, as so many of his ideals and maxims are the ideals and maxims of the Artist himself. He teaches us many invaluable secrets of the universe and his lucid rendering of their explanations give us a clear insight into its mystery. He believed that Art was the ‘brainchild’ of Nature’s inspiration and that through its means and ways Natures mysteries will be revealed to us. He fought against all that the modern-day Artist is stiII fighting against. He rebelled against society1s false reasoning and its false morals. He became ‘self-exiled’ so that he could retain his individuality and reasoning. Like the Artist, his most valuable quality was his spontaneity and inspiration, given to him when his spirit moved him. His poems stand complete in themselves and yet all have a mysterious quality binding them. Likewise our paintings must also stand complete, they must be an end in themselves, each with its own singular message and yet a unity must prevaiI throughout. We must strive for that eternal quality that is so obvious in Baudelaire1s work. He can be read today at the distance of a century as if he had written for the present generation, with a knowledge of its problems and interests. His appeal is still vital because he was not fettered by the fashionable opinions and evanescent whims of his own age, and he made no concessions to the spirit of his own time in order to gain popularity.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
Characterization and mode of action of a bacteriocin produced by a Bacteroides Fragilis strain
- Mossie, Godwin Mxolisi Kevin
- Authors: Mossie, Godwin Mxolisi Kevin
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Bacteroides , Anaerobic bacteria , Trypsin , Dinitrophenol , Proteins -- Synthesis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4124 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013543
- Description: Bacteroides fragilis strain Bf-1 produces an extracellular bacteriocin at the beginning of the stationary growth phase. Production is not inducible by either ultraviolet light or mitomycin C. The low molecular weight bacteriocin (MW estimates of 13 500 and 18 800 obtained from Sephadex G-100 chromatography and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis respecively) is stable between pH 7 - 9 and is inactivated on incubation with trypsin and pronase. An unusual feature of the Bf-1 bacteriocin is its apparent biphasic temperature stability: while the majority of the activity (97%) is destroyed by heating at 60ºC (t [subscript] 1/2 = 2.5 min at 60ºC), a small proportion (3%) is stable even after autoclaving at 121ºC for 15 min. The killing of sensitive cells occurs in 2 stages and the killing action is reversed by incubation with trypsin. The transition from stage I to stage II is dependent on the temperature of incubation and the growth state of sensitive cells. 2,4-Dinitrophenol prevents this transition. The Bf-1 bacteriocin has an unusual mode of action. It specifically inhibits RNA synthesis whilst having no effect on protein or DNA synthesis. No effect on intracellular ATP levels were observed. The heat-stable (3%) fraction had a similar biochemical effect. In vitro studies involving RNA polymerase indicated that the bacteriocin and the antibiotic rifampicin have similar effects on RNA synthesis. The bacteriocinogenic strain (Bf-1) is insensitive to its own bacteriocin both in vivo and in vitro, although this immunity is overcome in vitro by the addition of higher concentrations of the Bf-1 bacteriocin. The bacteriocinogenic strain (Bf-1) harbors a cryptic plasmid (or plasmids) which on a neutral sucrose gradient, sediments faster than the Col E1 marker plasmid DNA. Attempts to cure this strain of its bacteriocinogenic phenotype were unsuccessful.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Mossie, Godwin Mxolisi Kevin
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Bacteroides , Anaerobic bacteria , Trypsin , Dinitrophenol , Proteins -- Synthesis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4124 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013543
- Description: Bacteroides fragilis strain Bf-1 produces an extracellular bacteriocin at the beginning of the stationary growth phase. Production is not inducible by either ultraviolet light or mitomycin C. The low molecular weight bacteriocin (MW estimates of 13 500 and 18 800 obtained from Sephadex G-100 chromatography and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis respecively) is stable between pH 7 - 9 and is inactivated on incubation with trypsin and pronase. An unusual feature of the Bf-1 bacteriocin is its apparent biphasic temperature stability: while the majority of the activity (97%) is destroyed by heating at 60ºC (t [subscript] 1/2 = 2.5 min at 60ºC), a small proportion (3%) is stable even after autoclaving at 121ºC for 15 min. The killing of sensitive cells occurs in 2 stages and the killing action is reversed by incubation with trypsin. The transition from stage I to stage II is dependent on the temperature of incubation and the growth state of sensitive cells. 2,4-Dinitrophenol prevents this transition. The Bf-1 bacteriocin has an unusual mode of action. It specifically inhibits RNA synthesis whilst having no effect on protein or DNA synthesis. No effect on intracellular ATP levels were observed. The heat-stable (3%) fraction had a similar biochemical effect. In vitro studies involving RNA polymerase indicated that the bacteriocin and the antibiotic rifampicin have similar effects on RNA synthesis. The bacteriocinogenic strain (Bf-1) is insensitive to its own bacteriocin both in vivo and in vitro, although this immunity is overcome in vitro by the addition of higher concentrations of the Bf-1 bacteriocin. The bacteriocinogenic strain (Bf-1) harbors a cryptic plasmid (or plasmids) which on a neutral sucrose gradient, sediments faster than the Col E1 marker plasmid DNA. Attempts to cure this strain of its bacteriocinogenic phenotype were unsuccessful.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
Development of a high pressure liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous analysis of sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim and its application to biological fluids and dissolution rate studies on solid oral dosage forms
- Authors: Gochin, Rosa
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: High performance liquid chromatography , Body fluids -- Analysis , Drugs -- Dosage forms
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3735 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001524
- Description: Co-trimoxazole, a combination of a 5-to-l ratio of Sulphamethoxazole (SMZ) and Trimethoprim (TMP) , is a highly effective, broad-spectrum antibacterial agent. Since its introduction in 1968, it has been extensively used in infections of the respiratory and urinary tracts. Co-trimoxazole was developed by the systematic investigation of a series of compounds whose mechanism of action was already known. As early as 1950 synergy between sulphonamides and 2,4-diaminopyrimidines was reported. This was to be expected as both groups of drugs exert their antibacterial activity by interfering with the same biochemical pathway in bacteria. TMP was chosen from among many 2,4-diaminopyrimidines tested because of its good antibacterial activity and low toxicity. SMZ was chosen from the sulphonamides available for combination with TMP because of similarity of their biological half-lives. The widespread use of the combination coupled with the fact that monitoring of the levels of all drugs in the body is becoming increasingly important has stimulated research into rapid and efficient methods for the analysis of TMP and SMZ in biological fluids. Another consequence of the immense popularity of the combination is the appearance on the market of several generic preparations of Co-trimoxazole. It is now generally recognized that drug products from different manufacturers which are chemically equivalent may not be therapeutically equivalent. This is due to the fact that the absorption rate and/or bioavailability (extent of absorption) of a poorly soluble drug may be markedly affected by its release rate from the product and by its subsequent dissolution rate in gastrointestinal fluids. Hence bioequivalence of these various products should be established
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Gochin, Rosa
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: High performance liquid chromatography , Body fluids -- Analysis , Drugs -- Dosage forms
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3735 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001524
- Description: Co-trimoxazole, a combination of a 5-to-l ratio of Sulphamethoxazole (SMZ) and Trimethoprim (TMP) , is a highly effective, broad-spectrum antibacterial agent. Since its introduction in 1968, it has been extensively used in infections of the respiratory and urinary tracts. Co-trimoxazole was developed by the systematic investigation of a series of compounds whose mechanism of action was already known. As early as 1950 synergy between sulphonamides and 2,4-diaminopyrimidines was reported. This was to be expected as both groups of drugs exert their antibacterial activity by interfering with the same biochemical pathway in bacteria. TMP was chosen from among many 2,4-diaminopyrimidines tested because of its good antibacterial activity and low toxicity. SMZ was chosen from the sulphonamides available for combination with TMP because of similarity of their biological half-lives. The widespread use of the combination coupled with the fact that monitoring of the levels of all drugs in the body is becoming increasingly important has stimulated research into rapid and efficient methods for the analysis of TMP and SMZ in biological fluids. Another consequence of the immense popularity of the combination is the appearance on the market of several generic preparations of Co-trimoxazole. It is now generally recognized that drug products from different manufacturers which are chemically equivalent may not be therapeutically equivalent. This is due to the fact that the absorption rate and/or bioavailability (extent of absorption) of a poorly soluble drug may be markedly affected by its release rate from the product and by its subsequent dissolution rate in gastrointestinal fluids. Hence bioequivalence of these various products should be established
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
First H F Doppler soundings of the ionosphere at SANAE
- Authors: De Kock, Errol James
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Ionosphere
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5500 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006869 , Ionosphere
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: De Kock, Errol James
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Ionosphere
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5500 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006869 , Ionosphere
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
Geochemical and mineralogical aspects of the Molteno Formation, South Africa
- Authors: Reynolds, Adrian J
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Sediments (Geology) -- South Africa , Mineralogy -- South Africa , Petrology -- South Africa , Geochemistry -- South Africa , Molteno Formation (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4901 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001561
- Description: The Triassic Molteno Formation is a clastic sedimentary sequence consisting of a series of cycles, dominated lithologically by coarse grained sandstones. Aspects of the petrography have been examined using the conventional petrographic microscope as well as the scanning electron microscope. Both solution and overgrowth features are present not only on the quartz grains but also on certain of the heavy mineral species present. Intrastratal solution of garnet would appear to be a significant feature in the Molteno Formation. Mineralogical examination of the laterally persistent Indwe Sandstone Member indicates no significant variation in heavy mineral content. Evidence from a study of zircon elongation ratios shows the presence of two distinct zircon populations indicating two provenance areas. X-ray diffraction and electron microprobe analysis has identified mineral species characteristic of granites, pegmatitic granite and metamorphic rocks, especially amphibolites. Palaeocurrent data indicates that this source area lay to the south-east; to the south the source area consisted mainly of the Cape Supergroup sediments. Analysis for Nb, Zr, Y, Sr, Rb, Zn, Mn, Ba, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, V and Ti for 22 samples from the Molteno Formation, indicates, as expected for a highly arenaceous sequence, a substantial depletion in these trace elements. No consistent variation of trace element concentration occurs with height in the sequence so trace element content may not be used for purposes of stratigraphic correlation. There are indications of trace element variation with geographical position, no doubt a reflection of the contribution of 2 source areas of different compositions. Factor analysis of the interelement correlations has identified 3 factors which influence the trace element content of the Molteno Formation these are a "heavy mineral" factor, a "pH-Eh" factor and a "clay mineral" factor. These trace factors are ultimately an expression of the source rock composition, the prevailing climate and a combination of the two. Comparison with the more argillaceous overlying Elliot Formation, indicates that factors influencing geochemical variation in this sequence were far more complex than for the Molteno Formation
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Reynolds, Adrian J
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Sediments (Geology) -- South Africa , Mineralogy -- South Africa , Petrology -- South Africa , Geochemistry -- South Africa , Molteno Formation (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4901 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001561
- Description: The Triassic Molteno Formation is a clastic sedimentary sequence consisting of a series of cycles, dominated lithologically by coarse grained sandstones. Aspects of the petrography have been examined using the conventional petrographic microscope as well as the scanning electron microscope. Both solution and overgrowth features are present not only on the quartz grains but also on certain of the heavy mineral species present. Intrastratal solution of garnet would appear to be a significant feature in the Molteno Formation. Mineralogical examination of the laterally persistent Indwe Sandstone Member indicates no significant variation in heavy mineral content. Evidence from a study of zircon elongation ratios shows the presence of two distinct zircon populations indicating two provenance areas. X-ray diffraction and electron microprobe analysis has identified mineral species characteristic of granites, pegmatitic granite and metamorphic rocks, especially amphibolites. Palaeocurrent data indicates that this source area lay to the south-east; to the south the source area consisted mainly of the Cape Supergroup sediments. Analysis for Nb, Zr, Y, Sr, Rb, Zn, Mn, Ba, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, V and Ti for 22 samples from the Molteno Formation, indicates, as expected for a highly arenaceous sequence, a substantial depletion in these trace elements. No consistent variation of trace element concentration occurs with height in the sequence so trace element content may not be used for purposes of stratigraphic correlation. There are indications of trace element variation with geographical position, no doubt a reflection of the contribution of 2 source areas of different compositions. Factor analysis of the interelement correlations has identified 3 factors which influence the trace element content of the Molteno Formation these are a "heavy mineral" factor, a "pH-Eh" factor and a "clay mineral" factor. These trace factors are ultimately an expression of the source rock composition, the prevailing climate and a combination of the two. Comparison with the more argillaceous overlying Elliot Formation, indicates that factors influencing geochemical variation in this sequence were far more complex than for the Molteno Formation
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
Geological and economic factors affecting ore reserve estimation and grade control in porphyry type deposits
- Authors: Reichhard-Barends, E O
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Porphyry , Geology, Economic , Ore deposits , Copper mines and mining
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4921 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004466
- Description: From introduction: The mining of porphyry type deposits accounts for about 50% of the world's present copper (Figs.I,2) and molybdenum production and resources. Mining organizations therefore invest substantial amounts of time, money and skills in the location and delineation of these types of deposit. The optimization of this investment effort is based on complex inter-relationships between geological, economic and political factors. The object of this dissertation is to review the geological and some of the economic aspects involved in the exploration and evaluation of porphyry deposits . These may hopefully provide some practical guidelines for decision making during the exploration and evaluation of such deposits. For the purpose of this dissertation, the exploration-evaluation of porphyry deposits, has been divided into three main stages:- Stage 1 : Geological mapping, interpretation of exploration drilling results and other geological factors which may help in understanding the shape and nature of the deposit. A knowledge of existing geological models for porphyry deposits will be essential in understanding the geological factors affecting tonnage and grade of these deposits Stage 2 Stage 3 (see Part I). Determination of grade-tonnage relationships. This is important in order to establish the different tonnage-grade alternatives for the deposit. Based on this, reserve estimations are calculated for different possible scales of mining. Drilling and sampling techniques, as well as statistical and preliminary economic evaluation methods are applied during this stage (see Part 2). Mine development and feasibility studies involve factors that influence type and scale of mining, and factors affecting mineral processing and extraction in relation to tonnage- grade alternatives. These factors are reviewed in Part 3.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Reichhard-Barends, E O
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Porphyry , Geology, Economic , Ore deposits , Copper mines and mining
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4921 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004466
- Description: From introduction: The mining of porphyry type deposits accounts for about 50% of the world's present copper (Figs.I,2) and molybdenum production and resources. Mining organizations therefore invest substantial amounts of time, money and skills in the location and delineation of these types of deposit. The optimization of this investment effort is based on complex inter-relationships between geological, economic and political factors. The object of this dissertation is to review the geological and some of the economic aspects involved in the exploration and evaluation of porphyry deposits . These may hopefully provide some practical guidelines for decision making during the exploration and evaluation of such deposits. For the purpose of this dissertation, the exploration-evaluation of porphyry deposits, has been divided into three main stages:- Stage 1 : Geological mapping, interpretation of exploration drilling results and other geological factors which may help in understanding the shape and nature of the deposit. A knowledge of existing geological models for porphyry deposits will be essential in understanding the geological factors affecting tonnage and grade of these deposits Stage 2 Stage 3 (see Part I). Determination of grade-tonnage relationships. This is important in order to establish the different tonnage-grade alternatives for the deposit. Based on this, reserve estimations are calculated for different possible scales of mining. Drilling and sampling techniques, as well as statistical and preliminary economic evaluation methods are applied during this stage (see Part 2). Mine development and feasibility studies involve factors that influence type and scale of mining, and factors affecting mineral processing and extraction in relation to tonnage- grade alternatives. These factors are reviewed in Part 3.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
Geological factors in the evaluation of vein deposits
- Authors: Neuhoff, Larry E.
- Date: 1980 , 2013-04-02
- Subjects: Veins (Geology) , Hydrothermal deposits , Mineralogy , Geology, Economic
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5029 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006911 , Veins (Geology) , Hydrothermal deposits , Mineralogy , Geology, Economic
- Description: From introduction: Vein-type mineralization, particularly gold, copper, tin and tungsten has provided a source of metal to man for over 2000 years. These deposits are usually small but in some cases are of very high grade. Prior to 1940 veins were extremely important sources of metals because of their relatively high-grades. However, with improved mining, smelting and concentrating methods, much lower grade material became economic, hence these smaller deposits could no longer hold their dominance. Recently the energy crisis and escalating costs of capital for large projects has made smaller deposits attractive once more (Temblay and Descarreaux, 1978) . At the present time gold, tin and tungsten command high prices on world markets. It is for these reasons that a study of the evaluation techniques pertaining to these deposits has been undertaken. In this review the geological factors which influence the evaluation are stressed. In particular, emphasis is placed on the emplacement of vein deposits, and the subsequent chemical and structural modifications of these deposits. The latter part of the review concentrates on the limitations of the sampling and ore reserve techniques that can be applied to the evaluation of mineralized veins. In the conclusion those techniques that are most applicable are stressed, and an evaluation model is outlined.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Neuhoff, Larry E.
- Date: 1980 , 2013-04-02
- Subjects: Veins (Geology) , Hydrothermal deposits , Mineralogy , Geology, Economic
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5029 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006911 , Veins (Geology) , Hydrothermal deposits , Mineralogy , Geology, Economic
- Description: From introduction: Vein-type mineralization, particularly gold, copper, tin and tungsten has provided a source of metal to man for over 2000 years. These deposits are usually small but in some cases are of very high grade. Prior to 1940 veins were extremely important sources of metals because of their relatively high-grades. However, with improved mining, smelting and concentrating methods, much lower grade material became economic, hence these smaller deposits could no longer hold their dominance. Recently the energy crisis and escalating costs of capital for large projects has made smaller deposits attractive once more (Temblay and Descarreaux, 1978) . At the present time gold, tin and tungsten command high prices on world markets. It is for these reasons that a study of the evaluation techniques pertaining to these deposits has been undertaken. In this review the geological factors which influence the evaluation are stressed. In particular, emphasis is placed on the emplacement of vein deposits, and the subsequent chemical and structural modifications of these deposits. The latter part of the review concentrates on the limitations of the sampling and ore reserve techniques that can be applied to the evaluation of mineralized veins. In the conclusion those techniques that are most applicable are stressed, and an evaluation model is outlined.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
Hans Lodeizen en die romantiek
- Authors: Van der Berg, D Z
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Lodeizen, Hans, 1924-1950 -- Criticism and interpretation , Poetry, Modern -- History and criticism , Romanticism
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3565 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002088
- Description: Hans Lodeizen is reeds in 1950 oorlede en alhoewel sy bundel Het lnnerlijk behang reeds meer herdrukke beleef het as enige bundel van bekender Vyftigers soos Remco Campert en Hans Andreus, het daar tot dusver sIegs twee krltiese studies en verder korter artikels oor sy digkuns verskyn. Heelwat kritici wys ook op die romantiese trekke in sy digkuns, maar soos bevestig deur De Rover, is daar nog nie aandag gegee aan wat hierdie "romantiek" dan werklik behels nie. As 'n mens die gedigte van Hans Lodeizen en die kritiese werke daaroor lees, word dit gou duidelik dat daar oënskynlik sterk romantiese trekke in sy digkuns aanwesig is, maar dat dit tog nie suiwer romantiek is nle. Soos Rodenko dit uitdruk: "hij is geen romanticus-uit-één-stuk, maar een gebroken romanticus." Deur twee kritici, nl. Stuiveling en Cartens word hy onderskeidelik egter as ekspressionis en surrealis bestempel. Wanneer ons verder in aanmerking neem dat Lodeizen algemeen aanvaar word as die voorloper, of as lid van die Vyftigers wat skerp van die Romantiek verskil, ontstaan die vraag of dit geregverdig is om Lodeizen as 'n "gebroke" of wat-dan-ook-al romantikus te beskou. Die doel van hierdie tesis is dan om na te gean in hoeverre daar weI sprake van romantiese nalewing in sy digkuns is en of dit net nawerking is. In aansluiting by Ziolkowski sal ons van nalewing praat wanneer 'n sekere gegewe, wat ons op grond van die ontleding van die Romantiek in die eerste hoofstuk as "romanties" ervaar, uit die gees van 'n moderne werk spruit. As nawerking beskou ons dan daardie gevalle waar dit duidelik is, dat ons met 'n teksgedeelte oneie aan die gees van die res van die teks te make het, wat nie op die selfde tydsvlak bestaan nie as die teks waarin dit ingebed is. Aangesien nalewing georiënteer is op die ideologiese inhoud van 'n algemene geesteshouding soos dit in die literêre denke tot uitdrukking kom, moet daar eers vasgestel word of daar wel so 'n gedagtekompleks by verskillende Romantiese digters aan te toon is, want slegs enkele, losstaande elemente vorm nog geensins 'n geesteshoudlng of styl nie. Dit is dan die doel van die volgende hoofstuk, terwyl die daaropvolgende hoofstukke sal probeer vasstel of die hoofkenmerke van die tipologiese romantiek wel in die werk van Hans Lodeizen aanwesig is.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Van der Berg, D Z
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Lodeizen, Hans, 1924-1950 -- Criticism and interpretation , Poetry, Modern -- History and criticism , Romanticism
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3565 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002088
- Description: Hans Lodeizen is reeds in 1950 oorlede en alhoewel sy bundel Het lnnerlijk behang reeds meer herdrukke beleef het as enige bundel van bekender Vyftigers soos Remco Campert en Hans Andreus, het daar tot dusver sIegs twee krltiese studies en verder korter artikels oor sy digkuns verskyn. Heelwat kritici wys ook op die romantiese trekke in sy digkuns, maar soos bevestig deur De Rover, is daar nog nie aandag gegee aan wat hierdie "romantiek" dan werklik behels nie. As 'n mens die gedigte van Hans Lodeizen en die kritiese werke daaroor lees, word dit gou duidelik dat daar oënskynlik sterk romantiese trekke in sy digkuns aanwesig is, maar dat dit tog nie suiwer romantiek is nle. Soos Rodenko dit uitdruk: "hij is geen romanticus-uit-één-stuk, maar een gebroken romanticus." Deur twee kritici, nl. Stuiveling en Cartens word hy onderskeidelik egter as ekspressionis en surrealis bestempel. Wanneer ons verder in aanmerking neem dat Lodeizen algemeen aanvaar word as die voorloper, of as lid van die Vyftigers wat skerp van die Romantiek verskil, ontstaan die vraag of dit geregverdig is om Lodeizen as 'n "gebroke" of wat-dan-ook-al romantikus te beskou. Die doel van hierdie tesis is dan om na te gean in hoeverre daar weI sprake van romantiese nalewing in sy digkuns is en of dit net nawerking is. In aansluiting by Ziolkowski sal ons van nalewing praat wanneer 'n sekere gegewe, wat ons op grond van die ontleding van die Romantiek in die eerste hoofstuk as "romanties" ervaar, uit die gees van 'n moderne werk spruit. As nawerking beskou ons dan daardie gevalle waar dit duidelik is, dat ons met 'n teksgedeelte oneie aan die gees van die res van die teks te make het, wat nie op die selfde tydsvlak bestaan nie as die teks waarin dit ingebed is. Aangesien nalewing georiënteer is op die ideologiese inhoud van 'n algemene geesteshouding soos dit in die literêre denke tot uitdrukking kom, moet daar eers vasgestel word of daar wel so 'n gedagtekompleks by verskillende Romantiese digters aan te toon is, want slegs enkele, losstaande elemente vorm nog geensins 'n geesteshoudlng of styl nie. Dit is dan die doel van die volgende hoofstuk, terwyl die daaropvolgende hoofstukke sal probeer vasstel of die hoofkenmerke van die tipologiese romantiek wel in die werk van Hans Lodeizen aanwesig is.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
Interpretation of mineralogical, chemical and morphological features of duricrusts and its application to mineral exploration
- Authors: Friggens, Peter John
- Date: 1980 , 2013-04-02
- Subjects: Duricrusts , Mineralogy
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5021 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006345 , Duricrusts , Mineralogy
- Description: Introduction: The object of mineral exploration is to locate economic deposits with minimum expenditure in time and money . In order to achieve this goal it is essential to select the most favourable environment and to design the search procedures for the environment in question. Duricrusts are a striking feature of tropical and subtropical landscapes where they occur as extensive, resistant horizons which form a surface or near-surface caprock and are best seen in incised landscapes. Since they cover many potentially rich mineral , provinces of the world, it is important to question what effect they have on mineral exploration. Duricrusts are defined as specific soil types formed by near-surface processes associated with weathering . In spite of the sheer aerial extent of soils over the landsurfaces of the earth, Levinson (1974) expressed surprise at how little exploration geologists know about this surficial environment . Weathering and pedogenetic processes therefore, require discussion in this text. However, in order to adhere to the scope of this dissertation only a brief description of the factors and characteristics of soil formation are given in the first chapter. In the second part, duricrusts are differentiated on the basis of composition into laterite, silcrete and calcrete. Beginning with a concise description of both natural and experimental investigations concerned with mineral decomposition and neomineralisation during weathering, the morphological, physical and chemical characters of each type are described. Environmental factors are then discussed in an attempt to identify specific duricrust types in terms of climate, geographic location, age and formation process . Once duricrust structure and texture are related to topography, specific types may be used to assess the significance of suspected markers in the landscape and permit identification of individual weathering surfaces on which mineralisation may give rise to gossans of widely different physical and chemical characteristics. The interpretation of photogeological, geochemical and geophysical data acquired during mineral exploration in duricrust terrains is problematical and some of the limitations to these search procedures are discussed in the final .chapter
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Friggens, Peter John
- Date: 1980 , 2013-04-02
- Subjects: Duricrusts , Mineralogy
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5021 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006345 , Duricrusts , Mineralogy
- Description: Introduction: The object of mineral exploration is to locate economic deposits with minimum expenditure in time and money . In order to achieve this goal it is essential to select the most favourable environment and to design the search procedures for the environment in question. Duricrusts are a striking feature of tropical and subtropical landscapes where they occur as extensive, resistant horizons which form a surface or near-surface caprock and are best seen in incised landscapes. Since they cover many potentially rich mineral , provinces of the world, it is important to question what effect they have on mineral exploration. Duricrusts are defined as specific soil types formed by near-surface processes associated with weathering . In spite of the sheer aerial extent of soils over the landsurfaces of the earth, Levinson (1974) expressed surprise at how little exploration geologists know about this surficial environment . Weathering and pedogenetic processes therefore, require discussion in this text. However, in order to adhere to the scope of this dissertation only a brief description of the factors and characteristics of soil formation are given in the first chapter. In the second part, duricrusts are differentiated on the basis of composition into laterite, silcrete and calcrete. Beginning with a concise description of both natural and experimental investigations concerned with mineral decomposition and neomineralisation during weathering, the morphological, physical and chemical characters of each type are described. Environmental factors are then discussed in an attempt to identify specific duricrust types in terms of climate, geographic location, age and formation process . Once duricrust structure and texture are related to topography, specific types may be used to assess the significance of suspected markers in the landscape and permit identification of individual weathering surfaces on which mineralisation may give rise to gossans of widely different physical and chemical characteristics. The interpretation of photogeological, geochemical and geophysical data acquired during mineral exploration in duricrust terrains is problematical and some of the limitations to these search procedures are discussed in the final .chapter
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
Semantic field analysis and the structure of culture: a comparative study of Sotho and Xhosa
- Authors: Thipa, Henry Mothebesoane
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Xhosa language -- Semantics , Sotho language -- Semantics , Xhosa language -- Social aspects , Sotho language -- Social aspects , Field theory (Linguistics) , Componential analysis (Linguistics)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3647 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015985
- Description: Analyses of Sotho and Xhosa seem to concentrate predominantly on morphological, tonological and phonological studies. Semantics seems to be a relatively neglected area in African Languages. It is the view of the writer that attention should now be turned increasingly to semantics. In fact, except perhaps for van Rooy's Venda work semantic field analysis does not seem to have been undertaken in African Languages. This thesis is an attempt to contribute in this particular area of linguistic analysis. In addition to that, the present study is an attempt to explore new dimensions in African language study, namely the application of componential analysis to two African languages, Sesotho and Xhosa. In general terns, the aim of the present study is to explore the relationship between language and culture. Very little seems to have been done in this particular area in African languages. In this connection the only work that comes to mind is van Rooy' s Venda work which has already been referred to above. In that work, van Rooy tries to show the integration of language and culture in the communication of the Christian message as illustrated by the Venda Bible. Perhaps with the notable exception of Siertsema there seems to be some scholarly concensus about the relationship between language and culture as the following brief survey will show. Boas, the American anthropologist, for example has investigated the interplay of the environment, cultural life and linguistic form. This be has done by comparing Kwakiutl, an American Indian language, with the Eskimo language. Lotz shows how the structure of one semantic field, or area of semantically related terms, namely numerals, can shape the goals a particular linguistic community strives for in a major cultural activity such as sports. Conklin shows how languages may differ not only in their segmentation of a semantic field e.g. colour, but also in the dimensions of semantic fields themselves. Siertsema, on the other hand, takes a different view from the above views. Only a brief summary of his views will be given here. A fuller exposition will be made in the next chapter when some theoretical issues are considered. He disputes the view that language and culture are related. It must be noted though that he does not speak specifically of culture but of a world view. He examines four "properties" of language and on their basis disputes the language - world view relationship which he eventually dismisses as showing circular reasoning. Perhaps another scholar that needs to be mentioned is Whorf who admittedly is not writing about semantic fields. His relevance to the present discussion lies in the fact that he also considers the relationship between language and other phenomena, namely thought. He writes, "We dissect nature along lines laid down by our native languages. The categories and types that we isolate from the world of phenomena we do not find there because they stare every observer in the face; on the contrary, the world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions 'Which has to be organized by our minds - and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds. We cut nature up, organize it into concepts, and ascribe signfiicances as we do, largely because we are parties to an agreement to organize it in this way - an agreement that ... is codified in the patterns of our language". Whorf 's theory has been called the Dissection Theory from the opening line of the quotation that has just been referred to. Put in a nutshell, what Whorf is saying is that language has a constraining influence on thought or cognition. Or, perhaps put in another way, it is through language that reality is NECESSARILY apprehended. Thought and cognition have to be seen as necessarily dependent on language, at least in certain respects. Whorf discusses a linguistic - philosophic problem which is not really relevant to a study that addresses itself to semantic fields. In exploring the relationship between language and culture some semantic fields will be analyzed. A lexical analysis of each semantic field will then be done applying some of the insights and techniques of componential analysis. What this means, is that we shall start with vocabulary, analyze it and see through its structure the structured world of culture. The question may well be asked, why Sotho and Xhosa? Firstly, the reason for choosing these two languages is for comparison and contrast. Sotho and Xhosa belong to the same language area, traditionally known as the south-eastern zone. As a result, these two languages share certain morphological, syntactic and phonological phenomena. Because the present study is basically semantic one can also add that the choice of the two languages is meant to reveal the extent of semantic similarities and differences between them. Secondly, the writer is, so to speak, bi-cultural. He is very well acquainted with both Basotho and amaXhosa cultures firstly, because of the circumstances of his birth and secondly, because of his education. The writer is actually Sotho speaking with a Xhosa speaking mother. He also has university training in both Sotho and Xhosa, languages he can speak fluently. All these factors are mentioned here in order to lay some claim to competence in both Sotho and Xhosa. Basotho and amaxhosa live in slightly distinct worlds despite all linguistic affinities between their languages. They have slightly different perceptions of the same reality. This accounts for the difference in the organization of any selected field, however slight in some cases. This factor seems to be an indication of the fact that the conceptualization of the universe differs from language to language. This is the point that is also made by Hoijer and Lyons. Hoijer argues that the "real world" to a large extent depends, perhaps unconsciously , on the language habits of the speakers. He goes on to say that no two languages are so similar as to be considered to represent the same social reality. This naturally goes for Sotho and Xhosa as well. The world in which different peoples live are different and cannot merely be characterized as the same world with only different labels. Lyons is even more pertinent to the present study, ''Every language is integrated with the culture in which it operates; and its lexical structure reflects those distinctions which are (or have been) important in the cultures. This statement cannot be overemphasized. While the assumption will be held that language reflects culture, one may hasten to add that not every word in a language does so. For example, there does not seem to be anything particularly cultural about interjectives or about ideophones. In other words, some lexical items are more significant than others in this respect. One should therefore rather speak of lexical items as being a mirror of culture in 'a selective kind of way. As Hymes puts it, "In a particular culture a language serves as a sort of "metalanguage", a cultural way of communicating about much, not all of the culture". (Emphasis added).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Thipa, Henry Mothebesoane
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Xhosa language -- Semantics , Sotho language -- Semantics , Xhosa language -- Social aspects , Sotho language -- Social aspects , Field theory (Linguistics) , Componential analysis (Linguistics)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3647 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015985
- Description: Analyses of Sotho and Xhosa seem to concentrate predominantly on morphological, tonological and phonological studies. Semantics seems to be a relatively neglected area in African Languages. It is the view of the writer that attention should now be turned increasingly to semantics. In fact, except perhaps for van Rooy's Venda work semantic field analysis does not seem to have been undertaken in African Languages. This thesis is an attempt to contribute in this particular area of linguistic analysis. In addition to that, the present study is an attempt to explore new dimensions in African language study, namely the application of componential analysis to two African languages, Sesotho and Xhosa. In general terns, the aim of the present study is to explore the relationship between language and culture. Very little seems to have been done in this particular area in African languages. In this connection the only work that comes to mind is van Rooy' s Venda work which has already been referred to above. In that work, van Rooy tries to show the integration of language and culture in the communication of the Christian message as illustrated by the Venda Bible. Perhaps with the notable exception of Siertsema there seems to be some scholarly concensus about the relationship between language and culture as the following brief survey will show. Boas, the American anthropologist, for example has investigated the interplay of the environment, cultural life and linguistic form. This be has done by comparing Kwakiutl, an American Indian language, with the Eskimo language. Lotz shows how the structure of one semantic field, or area of semantically related terms, namely numerals, can shape the goals a particular linguistic community strives for in a major cultural activity such as sports. Conklin shows how languages may differ not only in their segmentation of a semantic field e.g. colour, but also in the dimensions of semantic fields themselves. Siertsema, on the other hand, takes a different view from the above views. Only a brief summary of his views will be given here. A fuller exposition will be made in the next chapter when some theoretical issues are considered. He disputes the view that language and culture are related. It must be noted though that he does not speak specifically of culture but of a world view. He examines four "properties" of language and on their basis disputes the language - world view relationship which he eventually dismisses as showing circular reasoning. Perhaps another scholar that needs to be mentioned is Whorf who admittedly is not writing about semantic fields. His relevance to the present discussion lies in the fact that he also considers the relationship between language and other phenomena, namely thought. He writes, "We dissect nature along lines laid down by our native languages. The categories and types that we isolate from the world of phenomena we do not find there because they stare every observer in the face; on the contrary, the world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions 'Which has to be organized by our minds - and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds. We cut nature up, organize it into concepts, and ascribe signfiicances as we do, largely because we are parties to an agreement to organize it in this way - an agreement that ... is codified in the patterns of our language". Whorf 's theory has been called the Dissection Theory from the opening line of the quotation that has just been referred to. Put in a nutshell, what Whorf is saying is that language has a constraining influence on thought or cognition. Or, perhaps put in another way, it is through language that reality is NECESSARILY apprehended. Thought and cognition have to be seen as necessarily dependent on language, at least in certain respects. Whorf discusses a linguistic - philosophic problem which is not really relevant to a study that addresses itself to semantic fields. In exploring the relationship between language and culture some semantic fields will be analyzed. A lexical analysis of each semantic field will then be done applying some of the insights and techniques of componential analysis. What this means, is that we shall start with vocabulary, analyze it and see through its structure the structured world of culture. The question may well be asked, why Sotho and Xhosa? Firstly, the reason for choosing these two languages is for comparison and contrast. Sotho and Xhosa belong to the same language area, traditionally known as the south-eastern zone. As a result, these two languages share certain morphological, syntactic and phonological phenomena. Because the present study is basically semantic one can also add that the choice of the two languages is meant to reveal the extent of semantic similarities and differences between them. Secondly, the writer is, so to speak, bi-cultural. He is very well acquainted with both Basotho and amaXhosa cultures firstly, because of the circumstances of his birth and secondly, because of his education. The writer is actually Sotho speaking with a Xhosa speaking mother. He also has university training in both Sotho and Xhosa, languages he can speak fluently. All these factors are mentioned here in order to lay some claim to competence in both Sotho and Xhosa. Basotho and amaxhosa live in slightly distinct worlds despite all linguistic affinities between their languages. They have slightly different perceptions of the same reality. This accounts for the difference in the organization of any selected field, however slight in some cases. This factor seems to be an indication of the fact that the conceptualization of the universe differs from language to language. This is the point that is also made by Hoijer and Lyons. Hoijer argues that the "real world" to a large extent depends, perhaps unconsciously , on the language habits of the speakers. He goes on to say that no two languages are so similar as to be considered to represent the same social reality. This naturally goes for Sotho and Xhosa as well. The world in which different peoples live are different and cannot merely be characterized as the same world with only different labels. Lyons is even more pertinent to the present study, ''Every language is integrated with the culture in which it operates; and its lexical structure reflects those distinctions which are (or have been) important in the cultures. This statement cannot be overemphasized. While the assumption will be held that language reflects culture, one may hasten to add that not every word in a language does so. For example, there does not seem to be anything particularly cultural about interjectives or about ideophones. In other words, some lexical items are more significant than others in this respect. One should therefore rather speak of lexical items as being a mirror of culture in 'a selective kind of way. As Hymes puts it, "In a particular culture a language serves as a sort of "metalanguage", a cultural way of communicating about much, not all of the culture". (Emphasis added).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980