A 1394-based Architecture for professional audio production
- Moses, Bob, Laubscher, Rob, Foss, Richard
- Authors: Moses, Bob , Laubscher, Rob , Foss, Richard
- Date: 2000
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/427318 , vital:72430 , https://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=9092
- Description: With the advent of the IEEE 1394 standard, many audio device manufacturers have anticipated its employment within audio production systems, with the hope that future audio production systems will utilize this single connection type for the transmission of all audio and control data. This paper outlines extensive work that has been performed on the design and implementation of 1394 audio production components and, in the process, describes the resolution of the problems that arise when audio and audio device control data pass across 1394.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Moses, Bob , Laubscher, Rob , Foss, Richard
- Date: 2000
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/427318 , vital:72430 , https://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=9092
- Description: With the advent of the IEEE 1394 standard, many audio device manufacturers have anticipated its employment within audio production systems, with the hope that future audio production systems will utilize this single connection type for the transmission of all audio and control data. This paper outlines extensive work that has been performed on the design and implementation of 1394 audio production components and, in the process, describes the resolution of the problems that arise when audio and audio device control data pass across 1394.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
A portfolio of original compositions with a commentary
- Authors: Nkuna, Musa
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: String quartets -- Scores Song cycles -- Scores Music -- Africa -- Scores
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MMus
- Identifier: vital:2698 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018689
- Description: This portfolio consists of four diverse original compositions written in 1999 : a string quartet, a cello suite and a set of two choral pieces.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Nkuna, Musa
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: String quartets -- Scores Song cycles -- Scores Music -- Africa -- Scores
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MMus
- Identifier: vital:2698 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018689
- Description: This portfolio consists of four diverse original compositions written in 1999 : a string quartet, a cello suite and a set of two choral pieces.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Academic literacy in management education
- Pearse, Noel J, Amos, Trevor L
- Authors: Pearse, Noel J , Amos, Trevor L
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/270065 , vital:54392 , xlink:href="https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC36783"
- Description: Although management education aims to equip students with relevant knowledge, skills and competencies, making explicit and developing the cognitive thought processes necessary for management students to deal effectively with the current and future demands of the world of work, have been neglected. This article argues for the development of "complicated understanding" (Bartunek, Gordon and Weathersby 1983) in management students, through cultivating academic literacy. Using mediation, reflective inquiry and reflective writing interactively, it is illustrated how academic literacy could be promoted at the post-graduate level.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Pearse, Noel J , Amos, Trevor L
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/270065 , vital:54392 , xlink:href="https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC36783"
- Description: Although management education aims to equip students with relevant knowledge, skills and competencies, making explicit and developing the cognitive thought processes necessary for management students to deal effectively with the current and future demands of the world of work, have been neglected. This article argues for the development of "complicated understanding" (Bartunek, Gordon and Weathersby 1983) in management students, through cultivating academic literacy. Using mediation, reflective inquiry and reflective writing interactively, it is illustrated how academic literacy could be promoted at the post-graduate level.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
AES-24 and MIDINet-A Comparative Study of Their Object Models and Implementations
- Foss, Richard, Klinkradt, Bradley
- Authors: Foss, Richard , Klinkradt, Bradley
- Date: 2000
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/427390 , vital:72435 , https://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=9220
- Description: AES-24 and MIDINet object models have been used to create corresponding implementations. Both implementations utilize a network of IBM PCs running the Windows operating system. The transport protocol in each case is the Internet Protocol (IP). The object models of the two systems have some differences and similarities that have an impact on the application protocols. Arising from this study are pointers toward the incorporation of MIDI transport into the AES-24 framework.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Foss, Richard , Klinkradt, Bradley
- Date: 2000
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/427390 , vital:72435 , https://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=9220
- Description: AES-24 and MIDINet object models have been used to create corresponding implementations. Both implementations utilize a network of IBM PCs running the Windows operating system. The transport protocol in each case is the Internet Protocol (IP). The object models of the two systems have some differences and similarities that have an impact on the application protocols. Arising from this study are pointers toward the incorporation of MIDI transport into the AES-24 framework.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
An investigation into the neuroprotective properties of ibuprofen
- Lambat, Zaynab Y, Conrad, Natasha, Anoopkumar-Dukie, Shailendra, Walker, Roderick B, Daya, Santylal
- Authors: Lambat, Zaynab Y , Conrad, Natasha , Anoopkumar-Dukie, Shailendra , Walker, Roderick B , Daya, Santylal
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/184335 , vital:44209 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011115006856"
- Description: There is increasing evidence suggesting a protective role for anti-inflammatory medications in neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). While there has not been any direct evidence for this, a number of clinical studies indicate that those patients who have had a history of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory use, have a lower incidence of AD. Since there is currently no evidence on the mechanism by which these agents offer possible neuroprotection, we investigated the potential neuroprotective properties of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ibuprofen, by examining whether this agent could reduce lipid peroxidation and superoxide radical generation. Quinolinic acid and cyanide, known neurotoxins, were used to induce lipid peroxidation and superoxide anion formation respectively, in rat brain homogenate. The results show that ibuprofen significantly (p more than 0.05) reduced quinolinic acid-induced lipid peroxidation and cyanide-induced superoxide production. The results of the present report therefore suggest a possible mechanism for the neuroprotective effect of ibuprofen.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Lambat, Zaynab Y , Conrad, Natasha , Anoopkumar-Dukie, Shailendra , Walker, Roderick B , Daya, Santylal
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/184335 , vital:44209 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011115006856"
- Description: There is increasing evidence suggesting a protective role for anti-inflammatory medications in neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). While there has not been any direct evidence for this, a number of clinical studies indicate that those patients who have had a history of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory use, have a lower incidence of AD. Since there is currently no evidence on the mechanism by which these agents offer possible neuroprotection, we investigated the potential neuroprotective properties of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ibuprofen, by examining whether this agent could reduce lipid peroxidation and superoxide radical generation. Quinolinic acid and cyanide, known neurotoxins, were used to induce lipid peroxidation and superoxide anion formation respectively, in rat brain homogenate. The results show that ibuprofen significantly (p more than 0.05) reduced quinolinic acid-induced lipid peroxidation and cyanide-induced superoxide production. The results of the present report therefore suggest a possible mechanism for the neuroprotective effect of ibuprofen.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Application of the Minolta chromameter to the assessment of corticosteroid-induced skin blanching
- Walker, Roderick B, Haigh, John M, Smith, Eric W
- Authors: Walker, Roderick B , Haigh, John M , Smith, Eric W
- Date: 2000
- Language: English
- Type: Book chapter , text
- Identifier: vital:6451 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006639
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Walker, Roderick B , Haigh, John M , Smith, Eric W
- Date: 2000
- Language: English
- Type: Book chapter , text
- Identifier: vital:6451 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006639
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Bread and honour: white working class women and Afrikaner Nationalism in the 1930s
- Authors: Vincent, Louise
- Date: 2000
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6205 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008575
- Description: Women have occupied a central place in the ideological formulations of nationalist movements. In particular, the figure of woman as mother recurs throughout the history of nationalist political mobilizations. In Afrikaner nationalism, this symbolic female identity takes the form of the volksmoeder (mother of the nation) icon, commonly assumed to describe a highly circumscribed set of women's social roles, created for women by men. The academic orthodoxy holds that middle-class Afrikaner women submitted to the volksmoeder ideology early on in the development of Afrikaner nationalism but that the working class Afrikaner women of the Garment Workers' Union (GWU) represented an enclave of resistance to dominant definitions of ethnic identity. They chose instead to ally themselves with militant, class-conscious trade unionism. This paper argues that Afrikaner women of different classes helped to shape the contours of the volksmoeder icon. Whilst middle class Afrikaner women questioned the idea that their social contribution should remain restricted to narrow familial and charitable concerns, prominent working class women laid claim to their own entitlement to the volksmoeder heritage. In doing so, the latter contributed to the popularization and reinterpretation of an ideology that was at this time seeking a wider audience. The paper argues that the incorporation of Afrikaner women into the socialist milieu of the GWU did not result in these women simply discarding the ethnic components of their identity. Rather their self-awareness as Afrikaner women with a recent rural past was grafted onto their new experience as urban factory workers. The way in which leading working class Afrikaner women articulated this potent combination of 'derived' and 'inherent' ideology cannot be excluded from the complex process whereby Afrikaner nationalism achieved success as a movement appealing to its imagined community across boundaries of class and gender.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Vincent, Louise
- Date: 2000
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6205 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008575
- Description: Women have occupied a central place in the ideological formulations of nationalist movements. In particular, the figure of woman as mother recurs throughout the history of nationalist political mobilizations. In Afrikaner nationalism, this symbolic female identity takes the form of the volksmoeder (mother of the nation) icon, commonly assumed to describe a highly circumscribed set of women's social roles, created for women by men. The academic orthodoxy holds that middle-class Afrikaner women submitted to the volksmoeder ideology early on in the development of Afrikaner nationalism but that the working class Afrikaner women of the Garment Workers' Union (GWU) represented an enclave of resistance to dominant definitions of ethnic identity. They chose instead to ally themselves with militant, class-conscious trade unionism. This paper argues that Afrikaner women of different classes helped to shape the contours of the volksmoeder icon. Whilst middle class Afrikaner women questioned the idea that their social contribution should remain restricted to narrow familial and charitable concerns, prominent working class women laid claim to their own entitlement to the volksmoeder heritage. In doing so, the latter contributed to the popularization and reinterpretation of an ideology that was at this time seeking a wider audience. The paper argues that the incorporation of Afrikaner women into the socialist milieu of the GWU did not result in these women simply discarding the ethnic components of their identity. Rather their self-awareness as Afrikaner women with a recent rural past was grafted onto their new experience as urban factory workers. The way in which leading working class Afrikaner women articulated this potent combination of 'derived' and 'inherent' ideology cannot be excluded from the complex process whereby Afrikaner nationalism achieved success as a movement appealing to its imagined community across boundaries of class and gender.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Cape Town talks about sex workers
- Sex Workers’ Education & Advocacy Taskforce (SWEAT)
- Authors: Sex Workers’ Education & Advocacy Taskforce (SWEAT)
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: SWEAT
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/168829 , vital:41651
- Description: On Monday 25 September,, as- part of the One City Festival, the Black Arts Collective hosted a debate about sex work. Natasha from SWEAT spoke about the why the government should decriminalize sex work. Khadija Magardie, a journalist from the Mail and Guardian newspaper, sent a speech talking about how sex work should be abolished by changing the law to make the clients criminals, so they can be arrested for buying sex from sex workers. Members of the public came to the debate, and talked about their feelings about sex work, and asked questions and gave comments. Generally most people were supportive of the fact that sex workers deserve human rights, even if they didn’t like the idea that people sell sex for a living. The city is starting to talk about sex work and sex workers, which is very exciting. It is a chance for SWEAT to talk about the realities of the industry, and to break down some of the stereotypes that many members of the public have about sex workers and sex work. One element that is missing from these discussions is the voices of sex workers themselves. SWEAT points out that it is very difficult for sex workers to talk publicly because of the stigmatization they suffer, and because sex work is still illegal. If you are interested in talking to the public about your experiences and opinions, please contact SWEAT and let us know, so that next time there is a chance to speak to the public we can invite you along.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Sex Workers’ Education & Advocacy Taskforce (SWEAT)
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: SWEAT
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/168829 , vital:41651
- Description: On Monday 25 September,, as- part of the One City Festival, the Black Arts Collective hosted a debate about sex work. Natasha from SWEAT spoke about the why the government should decriminalize sex work. Khadija Magardie, a journalist from the Mail and Guardian newspaper, sent a speech talking about how sex work should be abolished by changing the law to make the clients criminals, so they can be arrested for buying sex from sex workers. Members of the public came to the debate, and talked about their feelings about sex work, and asked questions and gave comments. Generally most people were supportive of the fact that sex workers deserve human rights, even if they didn’t like the idea that people sell sex for a living. The city is starting to talk about sex work and sex workers, which is very exciting. It is a chance for SWEAT to talk about the realities of the industry, and to break down some of the stereotypes that many members of the public have about sex workers and sex work. One element that is missing from these discussions is the voices of sex workers themselves. SWEAT points out that it is very difficult for sex workers to talk publicly because of the stigmatization they suffer, and because sex work is still illegal. If you are interested in talking to the public about your experiences and opinions, please contact SWEAT and let us know, so that next time there is a chance to speak to the public we can invite you along.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Comparative Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Properties of Bis (octakis (dodecylthio) naphthalocyaninato) europium (III) and Bis (tetra-tert-butylnaphthalocyaninato) europium (III) Complexes
- Nyokong, Tebello, Furuya, Fumio, Kobayashi, Nagao, Du, Daming, Liu, Wei, Jiang, Jianzhuang
- Authors: Nyokong, Tebello , Furuya, Fumio , Kobayashi, Nagao , Du, Daming , Liu, Wei , Jiang, Jianzhuang
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/293174 , vital:57062 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1021/ic990483b"
- Description: Bis(substituted-2,3-naphthalocyaninato)europium(III) complexes: bis(octakis(dodecylthio)-2,3-naphthalocyaninato)europium(III) {Eu[2,3-Nc(SC12H25)8]2, 1} and bis(tetra-tert-butyl-2,3-naphthalocyaninato)europium(III) {Eu[2,3-Nc(t-Bu)4]2, 2} have been synthesized by cyclic tetramerization of naphthalonitriles with Eu(acac)3·H2O in the presence of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) in refluxing n-octanol. These compounds were characterized by UV−visible, magnetic circular dichroism (MCD), near-IR, IR, EPR, and mass spectroscopies. The absorption and MCD spectra of 1 showed splitting of the Q band, with peaks at 700 and 784 nm, red shifted from the Q band of 2 at 763 nm. The absorption and MCD spectral band deconvolution calculations of complex 1 gave two A terms in the Q-band region. The A terms are assigned to 2A2 → 2E1 transitions. Cyclic voltammograms of 1 and 2 showed reversible oxidation couples at E1/2 = −0.28 V (for 2) and −0.25 V (for 1) vs ferrocenium/ferrocene (Fc+/Fc). The second oxidation exhibited a complicated behavior for both complexes. The reduction couples for 2 were observed at E1/2 = −0.61, −1.64, −1.97, and −2.42 V, and for 1 they were observed at E1/2 = −0.62, −1.60, −1.86, and −2.27 V vs Fc+/Fc. Spectral changes observed on chemical oxidation and reduction of the complexes are presented, and the behaviors of 1 and 2 are compared.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Nyokong, Tebello , Furuya, Fumio , Kobayashi, Nagao , Du, Daming , Liu, Wei , Jiang, Jianzhuang
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/293174 , vital:57062 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1021/ic990483b"
- Description: Bis(substituted-2,3-naphthalocyaninato)europium(III) complexes: bis(octakis(dodecylthio)-2,3-naphthalocyaninato)europium(III) {Eu[2,3-Nc(SC12H25)8]2, 1} and bis(tetra-tert-butyl-2,3-naphthalocyaninato)europium(III) {Eu[2,3-Nc(t-Bu)4]2, 2} have been synthesized by cyclic tetramerization of naphthalonitriles with Eu(acac)3·H2O in the presence of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) in refluxing n-octanol. These compounds were characterized by UV−visible, magnetic circular dichroism (MCD), near-IR, IR, EPR, and mass spectroscopies. The absorption and MCD spectra of 1 showed splitting of the Q band, with peaks at 700 and 784 nm, red shifted from the Q band of 2 at 763 nm. The absorption and MCD spectral band deconvolution calculations of complex 1 gave two A terms in the Q-band region. The A terms are assigned to 2A2 → 2E1 transitions. Cyclic voltammograms of 1 and 2 showed reversible oxidation couples at E1/2 = −0.28 V (for 2) and −0.25 V (for 1) vs ferrocenium/ferrocene (Fc+/Fc). The second oxidation exhibited a complicated behavior for both complexes. The reduction couples for 2 were observed at E1/2 = −0.61, −1.64, −1.97, and −2.42 V, and for 1 they were observed at E1/2 = −0.62, −1.60, −1.86, and −2.27 V vs Fc+/Fc. Spectral changes observed on chemical oxidation and reduction of the complexes are presented, and the behaviors of 1 and 2 are compared.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Comparison of plant diversity in protected and communal lands in the Bushbuckridge lowveld savanna, South Africa
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/181885 , vital:43777 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(00)00001-X"
- Description: Patterns of higher plant species richness and beta diversity were assessed using standard Modified-Whittaker plots in relation to land use, slope position and mean annual rainfall across a rainfall gradient in the savanna areas of the Bushbuckridge lowveld, South Africa. In particular, comparison of communal areas with adjacent protected areas was important in showing the impacts of potential changes in land use within an overarching catchment management plan. Although most of the protected areas considered preservation of biodiversity as their primary goal, they were characterised by significantly fewer plant species than the adjacent, highly utilised, communal lands, at both the plot and point scale. Slope position also had a significant effect on plant species richness, with eutrophic bottomlands having c. 30% more species than the dystrophic toplands. This adds weight to the need for greater public awareness for the judicious use and management of the sensitive bottomlands, which fringe the primary drainage lines that are vital for sustained supplies of good quality surface water in this semi-arid environment. The total number of species increased with increasing mean annual rainfall across the rainfall gradient. This suggests that, if the catchment management plan aims to identify additional areas for conservation, the higher rainfall areas should be the first to be assessed. Species turnover was greater along the rainfall gradient than the catenal gradient between toplands and bottomlands.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/181885 , vital:43777 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(00)00001-X"
- Description: Patterns of higher plant species richness and beta diversity were assessed using standard Modified-Whittaker plots in relation to land use, slope position and mean annual rainfall across a rainfall gradient in the savanna areas of the Bushbuckridge lowveld, South Africa. In particular, comparison of communal areas with adjacent protected areas was important in showing the impacts of potential changes in land use within an overarching catchment management plan. Although most of the protected areas considered preservation of biodiversity as their primary goal, they were characterised by significantly fewer plant species than the adjacent, highly utilised, communal lands, at both the plot and point scale. Slope position also had a significant effect on plant species richness, with eutrophic bottomlands having c. 30% more species than the dystrophic toplands. This adds weight to the need for greater public awareness for the judicious use and management of the sensitive bottomlands, which fringe the primary drainage lines that are vital for sustained supplies of good quality surface water in this semi-arid environment. The total number of species increased with increasing mean annual rainfall across the rainfall gradient. This suggests that, if the catchment management plan aims to identify additional areas for conservation, the higher rainfall areas should be the first to be assessed. Species turnover was greater along the rainfall gradient than the catenal gradient between toplands and bottomlands.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Cyanide-induced free radical production and lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenate is reduced by aspirin
- Daya, Santylal, Walker, Roderick B, Anoopkumar-Dukie, Shailendra
- Authors: Daya, Santylal , Walker, Roderick B , Anoopkumar-Dukie, Shailendra
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/184346 , vital:44210 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02674529"
- Description: The neuroprotective properties of aspirin were investigated using cyanide-induced neurotoxicity as model. Cyanide, a known neurotoxic agent significantly increased lipid peroxidation and superoxide anion levels in rat brain homogenate in a concentration-dependent manner (0.25–1.0 mM). When homogenate, containing 1.0 mM KCN was cotreated with aspirin (1.0 mM) there was a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation. Aspirin (0.5 mM and 1.0 mM) also significantly reduced KCN-induced superoxide anion generation. The results of the present report therefore indicate a neuroprotective role for aspirin.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Daya, Santylal , Walker, Roderick B , Anoopkumar-Dukie, Shailendra
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/184346 , vital:44210 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02674529"
- Description: The neuroprotective properties of aspirin were investigated using cyanide-induced neurotoxicity as model. Cyanide, a known neurotoxic agent significantly increased lipid peroxidation and superoxide anion levels in rat brain homogenate in a concentration-dependent manner (0.25–1.0 mM). When homogenate, containing 1.0 mM KCN was cotreated with aspirin (1.0 mM) there was a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation. Aspirin (0.5 mM and 1.0 mM) also significantly reduced KCN-induced superoxide anion generation. The results of the present report therefore indicate a neuroprotective role for aspirin.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Direct use values of secondary resources harvested from communal savannas in the Bushbuckridge lowveld, South Africa
- Shackleton, Charlie M, Shackleton, Sheona E
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M , Shackleton, Sheona E
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/182798 , vital:43875 , xlink:href="https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20000614194"
- Description: This study reports on the direct use value of secondary resources harvested by rural communities in a savanna region of South Africa. Data pertaining to the use, amount and direct use value of 11 secondary resources were presented individually, along with a final composite value. Only five resources (fuelwood, construction wood, edible fruits, edible herbs, and medicinal plants), individually accounted for more than 10% of the total value per hectare (US$ 141), and together they represented over 94% of the total value per hectare. On a per household basis, only 3 of the 11 resources contributed 10% or more to the total direct use value (US$ 386 used at home and US$ 767 traded), and together contributed greater than 71% of the total direct use value per household. Two-thirds of the value per household was traded locally with other households or regionally, rather than consumed at home. The total value per hectare compared favourably with other land uses within the region, except for capital intensive enterprises. The returns to collecting and selling secondary resources were higher than those paid for local agricultural wage labour. The extraction rates of several of the secondary resources are probably sustainable but not for the more important ones such as fuelwood, construction wood and medicinal plants.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M , Shackleton, Sheona E
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/182798 , vital:43875 , xlink:href="https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20000614194"
- Description: This study reports on the direct use value of secondary resources harvested by rural communities in a savanna region of South Africa. Data pertaining to the use, amount and direct use value of 11 secondary resources were presented individually, along with a final composite value. Only five resources (fuelwood, construction wood, edible fruits, edible herbs, and medicinal plants), individually accounted for more than 10% of the total value per hectare (US$ 141), and together they represented over 94% of the total value per hectare. On a per household basis, only 3 of the 11 resources contributed 10% or more to the total direct use value (US$ 386 used at home and US$ 767 traded), and together contributed greater than 71% of the total direct use value per household. Two-thirds of the value per household was traded locally with other households or regionally, rather than consumed at home. The total value per hectare compared favourably with other land uses within the region, except for capital intensive enterprises. The returns to collecting and selling secondary resources were higher than those paid for local agricultural wage labour. The extraction rates of several of the secondary resources are probably sustainable but not for the more important ones such as fuelwood, construction wood and medicinal plants.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Discussion document prepared for COSATU Gender Conference
- NALEDI
- Authors: NALEDI
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: NALEDI
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/151190 , vital:39037
- Description: Despite the massive contribution women make around the world, they still fall into the category of the poorest and the most oppressed. Women have borne the brunt of the social costs of the changes in the world economy such as globalisation, increased international competition, structural adjustment and the deregulation of labour legislation. Massive technological advances have done little to benefit women around the world. In fact, in many instances it has actually increased their hardships. Multinational companies search the globe for areas that offer cheap labour and poor working conditions. Globally, women make up the bulk of the army of so-called “flexible”, cheap workers sought after by employers anxious to increase their profits. It is women who are mostly to be found in sweatshops and who are least likely to be organised. In South Africa, there is already a significant trend of homeworking in the clothing sector and casualisation in the retail and other sectors. And when they are organised into unions, women struggle to be recognised as leaders in those movements.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: NALEDI
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: NALEDI
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/151190 , vital:39037
- Description: Despite the massive contribution women make around the world, they still fall into the category of the poorest and the most oppressed. Women have borne the brunt of the social costs of the changes in the world economy such as globalisation, increased international competition, structural adjustment and the deregulation of labour legislation. Massive technological advances have done little to benefit women around the world. In fact, in many instances it has actually increased their hardships. Multinational companies search the globe for areas that offer cheap labour and poor working conditions. Globally, women make up the bulk of the army of so-called “flexible”, cheap workers sought after by employers anxious to increase their profits. It is women who are mostly to be found in sweatshops and who are least likely to be organised. In South Africa, there is already a significant trend of homeworking in the clothing sector and casualisation in the retail and other sectors. And when they are organised into unions, women struggle to be recognised as leaders in those movements.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Effect of water temperature on the biogeography of South African estuarine fishes associated with the subtropical/warm temperate subtraction zone
- Maree, R C, Booth, Anthony J, Whitfield, Alan K
- Authors: Maree, R C , Booth, Anthony J , Whitfield, Alan K
- Date: 2000
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:7133 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011776
- Description: Estuarine biogeographical regions along the southeastern coast of South Africa were investigated in terms of fish distribution and abundance patterns, with particular emphasis on the role of water temperature in influencing these patterns. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted upon the ichthyofaunal assemblages to determine whether the location of the subtropical/warm temperate boundary corresponds to that proposed by Whitfield.(n1) Analyses included the distribution ranges of species associated with estuaries according to presence/absence data, cluster analysis of gill net catches in eight estuaries along the southeastern coast and the relative proportion of tropical to temperate marine species within these eight systems. Quantitative analysis indicated that the ichthyofaunal biogeographical regions are indeed a reflection of water temperature regimes and that the subtropical/warm temperate boundary is located between the Great Kei and Mbashe estuaries. A strong negative correlation was found between the number of temperate fish species and the mean of the minimum monthly temperatures recorded in the systems studied. Qualitative analysis revealed that a barrier appears to exist in the vicinity of the Swartkops estuary, which prevents the westward migration of tropical 'vagrants'. The influence of the Agulhas Current along the east coast and its divergence from the coastline in the Algoa Bay region, as well as upwelling phenomena on the southeast and south coasts are identified as major factors that influence marine and estuarine temperature regimes and therefore the ichythyofauna of this region.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Maree, R C , Booth, Anthony J , Whitfield, Alan K
- Date: 2000
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:7133 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011776
- Description: Estuarine biogeographical regions along the southeastern coast of South Africa were investigated in terms of fish distribution and abundance patterns, with particular emphasis on the role of water temperature in influencing these patterns. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted upon the ichthyofaunal assemblages to determine whether the location of the subtropical/warm temperate boundary corresponds to that proposed by Whitfield.(n1) Analyses included the distribution ranges of species associated with estuaries according to presence/absence data, cluster analysis of gill net catches in eight estuaries along the southeastern coast and the relative proportion of tropical to temperate marine species within these eight systems. Quantitative analysis indicated that the ichthyofaunal biogeographical regions are indeed a reflection of water temperature regimes and that the subtropical/warm temperate boundary is located between the Great Kei and Mbashe estuaries. A strong negative correlation was found between the number of temperate fish species and the mean of the minimum monthly temperatures recorded in the systems studied. Qualitative analysis revealed that a barrier appears to exist in the vicinity of the Swartkops estuary, which prevents the westward migration of tropical 'vagrants'. The influence of the Agulhas Current along the east coast and its divergence from the coastline in the Algoa Bay region, as well as upwelling phenomena on the southeast and south coasts are identified as major factors that influence marine and estuarine temperature regimes and therefore the ichythyofauna of this region.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Electrocatalytic behavior of substituted cobalt phthalocyanines towards the oxidation of cysteine
- Maree, Suzanne, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Maree, Suzanne , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/293268 , vital:57070 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(00)00281-3"
- Description: Ring substituted cobalt phthalocyanine complexes of the form CoPc(X)4, (where X=NH2, NO2, C(CH3)3, SO3H and COOH) are compared for their catalytic activities towards the oxidation of cysteine. The potential for the electrocatalytic oxidation of cysteine is closely related to the CoIII/CoII couple of the CoPc(X)4 complexes in acidic media and to the CoII/CoI couple in basic media. The catalytic currents and the oxidation potential for cysteine are dependent on the pH of the solution, the potential becoming less positive as the pH increases and the catalytic currents decreasing with increase in pH, for the same concentration of cysteine. The magnitudes of the catalytic currents (after ten scans) for cysteine oxidation at pH 8.3 and on electrodes modified with the CoPc(X)4 complexes increased with the nature of the ring substituent as follows: NO2 less than NH2 less than SO3H less than C(CH3)3 less than COOH.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Maree, Suzanne , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/293268 , vital:57070 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(00)00281-3"
- Description: Ring substituted cobalt phthalocyanine complexes of the form CoPc(X)4, (where X=NH2, NO2, C(CH3)3, SO3H and COOH) are compared for their catalytic activities towards the oxidation of cysteine. The potential for the electrocatalytic oxidation of cysteine is closely related to the CoIII/CoII couple of the CoPc(X)4 complexes in acidic media and to the CoII/CoI couple in basic media. The catalytic currents and the oxidation potential for cysteine are dependent on the pH of the solution, the potential becoming less positive as the pH increases and the catalytic currents decreasing with increase in pH, for the same concentration of cysteine. The magnitudes of the catalytic currents (after ten scans) for cysteine oxidation at pH 8.3 and on electrodes modified with the CoPc(X)4 complexes increased with the nature of the ring substituent as follows: NO2 less than NH2 less than SO3H less than C(CH3)3 less than COOH.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Electrocatalytic behavior of substituted cobalt phthalocyanines towards the oxidation of cysteine
- Maree, Suzanne, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Maree, Suzanne , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/293185 , vital:57063 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(00)00281-3"
- Description: Ring substituted cobalt phthalocyanine complexes of the form CoPc(X)4, (where X=NH2, NO2, C(CH3)3, SO3H and COOH) are compared for their catalytic activities towards the oxidation of cysteine. The potential for the electrocatalytic oxidation of cysteine is closely related to the CoIII/CoII couple of the CoPc(X)4 complexes in acidic media and to the CoII/CoI couple in basic media. The catalytic currents and the oxidation potential for cysteine are dependent on the pH of the solution, the potential becoming less positive as the pH increases and the catalytic currents decreasing with increase in pH, for the same concentration of cysteine. The magnitudes of the catalytic currents (after ten scans) for cysteine oxidation at pH 8.3 and on electrodes modified with the CoPc(X)4 complexes increased with the nature of the ring substituent as follows: NO2 less than NH2 less than SO3H less than C(CH3)3 less than COOH.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Maree, Suzanne , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/293185 , vital:57063 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(00)00281-3"
- Description: Ring substituted cobalt phthalocyanine complexes of the form CoPc(X)4, (where X=NH2, NO2, C(CH3)3, SO3H and COOH) are compared for their catalytic activities towards the oxidation of cysteine. The potential for the electrocatalytic oxidation of cysteine is closely related to the CoIII/CoII couple of the CoPc(X)4 complexes in acidic media and to the CoII/CoI couple in basic media. The catalytic currents and the oxidation potential for cysteine are dependent on the pH of the solution, the potential becoming less positive as the pH increases and the catalytic currents decreasing with increase in pH, for the same concentration of cysteine. The magnitudes of the catalytic currents (after ten scans) for cysteine oxidation at pH 8.3 and on electrodes modified with the CoPc(X)4 complexes increased with the nature of the ring substituent as follows: NO2 less than NH2 less than SO3H less than C(CH3)3 less than COOH.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Electrocatalytic properties of vitamin B12 towards oxidation and reduction of nitric oxide
- Vilakazi, Sibulelo Lea, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Vilakazi, Sibulelo Lea , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/293196 , vital:57064 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(00)00628-9"
- Description: This paper reports on the catalytic behaviour of cyanocobalamin (VB12) towards the reduction and oxidation of nitric oxide. When VB12 is adsorbed on glassy carbon electrodes, it catalyses the reduction of nitric oxide (NO) in pH 4 and 9 buffers. In the absence of NO, cyclic voltammetry shows that VB12 is reduced by a one-step two-electron reduction from CoIII to the CoI species. Addition of NO at pH 9 to solutions of VB12 resulted in the splitting of the cyclic voltammetry peaks as a result of a consecutive one-electron reduction of the central CoIII metal in VB12 to CoII and finally to CoI. The catalytic peak for oxidation of NO on a glassy carbon electrode modified with VB12 was observed at 1.21 V versus Ag∣AgCl, at pH 9. The products of the catalytic reduction of nitric oxide include ammonia and hydroxylamine.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Vilakazi, Sibulelo Lea , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/293196 , vital:57064 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(00)00628-9"
- Description: This paper reports on the catalytic behaviour of cyanocobalamin (VB12) towards the reduction and oxidation of nitric oxide. When VB12 is adsorbed on glassy carbon electrodes, it catalyses the reduction of nitric oxide (NO) in pH 4 and 9 buffers. In the absence of NO, cyclic voltammetry shows that VB12 is reduced by a one-step two-electron reduction from CoIII to the CoI species. Addition of NO at pH 9 to solutions of VB12 resulted in the splitting of the cyclic voltammetry peaks as a result of a consecutive one-electron reduction of the central CoIII metal in VB12 to CoII and finally to CoI. The catalytic peak for oxidation of NO on a glassy carbon electrode modified with VB12 was observed at 1.21 V versus Ag∣AgCl, at pH 9. The products of the catalytic reduction of nitric oxide include ammonia and hydroxylamine.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
From virtual to physical reality with paper folding
- Authors: Bangay, Shaun D
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/432669 , vital:72891 , https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-7721(99)00048-6
- Description: Objects in a virtual world can be converted into hardcopy by per-pendicular projection of each face onto a sheet of paper, cutting and gluing. Previously, use of this technique was restricted to a limited class of polyhedral objects. This paper extends this process to realis-tic virtual objects, with the traditional origami restriction of using only a single sheet of paper. A number of algorithms are explored to achieve this goal. The use of heuristics allows solutions to be found without exhaustive search of all possible layouts. Approaches to deal with pathological cases are described. The techniques have al-ready been successfully applied to a number of complex models, selected from a number of model archives on the Internet.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Bangay, Shaun D
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/432669 , vital:72891 , https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-7721(99)00048-6
- Description: Objects in a virtual world can be converted into hardcopy by per-pendicular projection of each face onto a sheet of paper, cutting and gluing. Previously, use of this technique was restricted to a limited class of polyhedral objects. This paper extends this process to realis-tic virtual objects, with the traditional origami restriction of using only a single sheet of paper. A number of algorithms are explored to achieve this goal. The use of heuristics allows solutions to be found without exhaustive search of all possible layouts. Approaches to deal with pathological cases are described. The techniques have al-ready been successfully applied to a number of complex models, selected from a number of model archives on the Internet.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000