Creative misreadings: allegory in Tracey Rose's Ciao Bella
- Authors: Bateman, Genevieve
- Date: 2007
- Subjects: Rose, Tracey, 1974- Artists -- South Africa Women artists -- South Africa Performance artists -- South Africa Women in art
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2473 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009506
- Description: This thesis will aim to investigate the extent to which Tracey Rose's Ciao Bella can be said to allegorically perform a dialectical enfolding of the dichotomous categories of meaning/nonmeaning; image/text; past/present and original/translation. The dual concepts of performance and performativity will be utilized as a means to explore the notion of interpretation as a meaning-making process and as an engagement between artist, artwork and viewer that is necessarily open-ended and in a state of constant change and flux. Rose's performance of Ciao Bella will be read as one that questions the illusion of unmediated representation by parodying and creatively misreading a multiplicity of visual, textual and musical representations so as to foreground the politics of representation. The representational figure of allegory, as one that defines itself in opposition to the Romantic conception of the unified symbol, will be put to work so as to reveal the ways in which Rose's performance works to critically undermine various positivistic attitudes toward self-identity, gender, race, politics, history, authorial intention and interpretation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Bateman, Genevieve
- Date: 2007
- Subjects: Rose, Tracey, 1974- Artists -- South Africa Women artists -- South Africa Performance artists -- South Africa Women in art
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2473 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009506
- Description: This thesis will aim to investigate the extent to which Tracey Rose's Ciao Bella can be said to allegorically perform a dialectical enfolding of the dichotomous categories of meaning/nonmeaning; image/text; past/present and original/translation. The dual concepts of performance and performativity will be utilized as a means to explore the notion of interpretation as a meaning-making process and as an engagement between artist, artwork and viewer that is necessarily open-ended and in a state of constant change and flux. Rose's performance of Ciao Bella will be read as one that questions the illusion of unmediated representation by parodying and creatively misreading a multiplicity of visual, textual and musical representations so as to foreground the politics of representation. The representational figure of allegory, as one that defines itself in opposition to the Romantic conception of the unified symbol, will be put to work so as to reveal the ways in which Rose's performance works to critically undermine various positivistic attitudes toward self-identity, gender, race, politics, history, authorial intention and interpretation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Synthesis of bromochloromethane using phase transfer catalysis
- Authors: Brooks, Lancelot L
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Chemistry, Analytic , Fire extinguishing agents , Chemical systems , Physical science
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10382 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1008162 , Chemistry, Analytic , Fire extinguishing agents , Chemical systems , Physical science
- Description: The synthesis of bromochloromethane (BCM) in a batch reactor, using phase transfer catalysis, was investigated. During the synthetic procedure, sodium bromide (100.0g, 0.97mol) along with an excess amount of dichloromethane (265.0g, 3.12 mol) was charged to a reactor containing benzyl triethylammonium chloride (13 mmol), dissolved in 50 ml of water. The bench scale reactions were all carried out in a Parr 4520 bench top pressure reactor coupled to a Parr 4841 temperature controller. The method produced a 50.0 percent yield of the product BCM after a reaction time of 12 to 13 hours. The main objective for this investigation was to optimize the abovementioned reaction with respect to yield and reactor throughput. Quantitative analysis of BCM was performed on a Focus Gas Chromatograph, fitted with a flame ionization detector, and a BP20 column (30m × 0,32mm ID × 0,25 mm). Delta software, version 5.0, was applied for data collection and processing. The injector and detector port were set at 250°C and 280°C, respectively. The oven temperature was set and held at 40°C for a period of 2 minutes, then gradually increased at a rate of 10°C/min to 130°C, with the final hold time set for 1 minute. An analytical method for the quantitative analysis of BCM was developed, optimized and validated. Validation of the analytical method commenced over a period of three days, and focussed the following validation parameters: Accuracy, precision, and ruggedness. Statistical evaluation of the results obtained for precision showed that the error between individual injections is less than 2 percent for each component. However, ANOVA analysis showed a significant difference between the mean response factors obtained in the three day period (p-value < 0.05). Thus we could conclude that the response factors had to be determined on each day before quantitatively analyzing samples. The accuracy of the analytical method was assessed by using the percent recovery method. Results obtained showed that a mean percent recovery of 100.18 percent was obtained for BCM, with the absolute bias = 0.0004, and the percent bias = 0.18 percent. Hence the 95 confidence intervals for the percent recovery and percent bias are given by: (Lz, Uz) = (100.56 percent percent 102.15 percent), 13 (LPB, UPB) = (0.56 percent, 2.15 percent), respectively. Since the 95 percent confidence interval for the percent recovery contains 100, or equivalently, the 95 percent confidence interval for percent bias contains 0, the assay method is considered accurate and validated for BCM. In the same manner the accuracy and percent recovery for DCM and DBM was evaluated. The method was found to be accurate and validated for DBM, however, slightly biased in determining the recovered amount of DCM. With the analytical method validated, the batch production process could be evaluated. A total of six process variables, namely reaction time, water amount, temperature, volume of the two phases, stirring rate, and catalyst concentration, were selected for the study. The effects of the individual variables were determined in the classical manner, by varying only the one of interest while keeping all others constant. The experimental data generated was fit to a quadratic response surface model. The profile plots that were obtained from this model allowed a visual representation of the effect of the six variables. The experimental results obtained showed that the reaction follows pseudo zero-order kinetics and that the rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the catalyst. The reaction obeys the Arrhenius equation, and the relatively high activation energy of 87kJ.mol -1 signifies that the rate constant is strongly dependent on the temperature of the reaction. The results also showed that the formation of BCM is favoured by an increase in the reaction temperature, catalyst concentration, and a high organic: aqueous phase ratio. Thus the synthesis of BCM using phase transfer catalyst could be optimised, to obtain a 100 percent yield BCM, by increasing both the reaction temperature to 105°C, and the concentration of the phase transfer catalyst -benzyl triethylammonium chloride - to 5.36 mol percent. The reaction time was also reduced to 6 hours.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Brooks, Lancelot L
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Chemistry, Analytic , Fire extinguishing agents , Chemical systems , Physical science
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10382 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1008162 , Chemistry, Analytic , Fire extinguishing agents , Chemical systems , Physical science
- Description: The synthesis of bromochloromethane (BCM) in a batch reactor, using phase transfer catalysis, was investigated. During the synthetic procedure, sodium bromide (100.0g, 0.97mol) along with an excess amount of dichloromethane (265.0g, 3.12 mol) was charged to a reactor containing benzyl triethylammonium chloride (13 mmol), dissolved in 50 ml of water. The bench scale reactions were all carried out in a Parr 4520 bench top pressure reactor coupled to a Parr 4841 temperature controller. The method produced a 50.0 percent yield of the product BCM after a reaction time of 12 to 13 hours. The main objective for this investigation was to optimize the abovementioned reaction with respect to yield and reactor throughput. Quantitative analysis of BCM was performed on a Focus Gas Chromatograph, fitted with a flame ionization detector, and a BP20 column (30m × 0,32mm ID × 0,25 mm). Delta software, version 5.0, was applied for data collection and processing. The injector and detector port were set at 250°C and 280°C, respectively. The oven temperature was set and held at 40°C for a period of 2 minutes, then gradually increased at a rate of 10°C/min to 130°C, with the final hold time set for 1 minute. An analytical method for the quantitative analysis of BCM was developed, optimized and validated. Validation of the analytical method commenced over a period of three days, and focussed the following validation parameters: Accuracy, precision, and ruggedness. Statistical evaluation of the results obtained for precision showed that the error between individual injections is less than 2 percent for each component. However, ANOVA analysis showed a significant difference between the mean response factors obtained in the three day period (p-value < 0.05). Thus we could conclude that the response factors had to be determined on each day before quantitatively analyzing samples. The accuracy of the analytical method was assessed by using the percent recovery method. Results obtained showed that a mean percent recovery of 100.18 percent was obtained for BCM, with the absolute bias = 0.0004, and the percent bias = 0.18 percent. Hence the 95 confidence intervals for the percent recovery and percent bias are given by: (Lz, Uz) = (100.56 percent percent 102.15 percent), 13 (LPB, UPB) = (0.56 percent, 2.15 percent), respectively. Since the 95 percent confidence interval for the percent recovery contains 100, or equivalently, the 95 percent confidence interval for percent bias contains 0, the assay method is considered accurate and validated for BCM. In the same manner the accuracy and percent recovery for DCM and DBM was evaluated. The method was found to be accurate and validated for DBM, however, slightly biased in determining the recovered amount of DCM. With the analytical method validated, the batch production process could be evaluated. A total of six process variables, namely reaction time, water amount, temperature, volume of the two phases, stirring rate, and catalyst concentration, were selected for the study. The effects of the individual variables were determined in the classical manner, by varying only the one of interest while keeping all others constant. The experimental data generated was fit to a quadratic response surface model. The profile plots that were obtained from this model allowed a visual representation of the effect of the six variables. The experimental results obtained showed that the reaction follows pseudo zero-order kinetics and that the rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the catalyst. The reaction obeys the Arrhenius equation, and the relatively high activation energy of 87kJ.mol -1 signifies that the rate constant is strongly dependent on the temperature of the reaction. The results also showed that the formation of BCM is favoured by an increase in the reaction temperature, catalyst concentration, and a high organic: aqueous phase ratio. Thus the synthesis of BCM using phase transfer catalyst could be optimised, to obtain a 100 percent yield BCM, by increasing both the reaction temperature to 105°C, and the concentration of the phase transfer catalyst -benzyl triethylammonium chloride - to 5.36 mol percent. The reaction time was also reduced to 6 hours.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
Crumpled hearts
- Authors: Crain, Patricia Ann
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: South African fiction (English) -- 21st century , Creative writing (Higher education) , English language -- Writing , South African fiction (English) -- Study and teaching (Higher)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:5984 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015676
- Description: A middle-aged woman, living in Johannesburg, has an experience which catapults her into changing her life. In the process of confronting her alcoholism, she realizes how patterns of addiction extend to other areas of her life and tries to make sense of the tragic events that have occurred. Her world becomes a different place as she questions everything that she has been taught about relationships, religion, race and her place in society. In the search for answers she uncovers stories about the lives of her parents, grandparents, relatives, friends and acquaintances. Embarking on a journey of discovery and rediscovery through her experiences and those of others, she explores the ways in which the things that she thought she knew defined her behaviour and expression of herself.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Crain, Patricia Ann
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: South African fiction (English) -- 21st century , Creative writing (Higher education) , English language -- Writing , South African fiction (English) -- Study and teaching (Higher)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:5984 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015676
- Description: A middle-aged woman, living in Johannesburg, has an experience which catapults her into changing her life. In the process of confronting her alcoholism, she realizes how patterns of addiction extend to other areas of her life and tries to make sense of the tragic events that have occurred. Her world becomes a different place as she questions everything that she has been taught about relationships, religion, race and her place in society. In the search for answers she uncovers stories about the lives of her parents, grandparents, relatives, friends and acquaintances. Embarking on a journey of discovery and rediscovery through her experiences and those of others, she explores the ways in which the things that she thought she knew defined her behaviour and expression of herself.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Internal fingerprint extraction
- Authors: Darlow, Luke Nicholas
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2959 , vital:20347
- Description: Fingerprints are a non-invasive biometric that possess significant advantages. However, they are subject to surface erosion and damage; distortion upon scanning; and are vulnerable to fingerprint spoofing. The internal fingerprint exists as the undulations of the papillary junction - an intermediary layer of skin - and provides a solution to these disadvantages. Optical coherence tomography is used to capture the internal fingerprint. A depth profile of the papillary junction throughout the OCT scans is first constructed using fuzzy c-means clustering and a fine-tuning procedure. This information is then used to define localised regions over which to average pixels for the resultant internal fingerprint. When compared to a ground-truth internal fingerprint zone, the internal fingerprint zone detected automatically is within the measured bounds of human error. With a mean- squared-error of 21.3 and structural similarity of 96.4%, the internal fingerprint zone was successfully found and described. The extracted fingerprints exceed their surface counterparts with respect to orientation certainty and NFIQ scores (both of which are respected fingerprint quality assessment criteria). Internal to surface fingerprint correspondence and internal fingerprint cross correspondence were also measured. A larger scanned region is shown to be advantageous as internal fingerprints extracted from these scans have good surface correspondence (75% had at least one true match with a surface counterpart). It is also evidenced that internal fingerprints can constitute a fingerprint database. 96% of the internal fingerprints extracted had at least one corresponding match with another internal fingerprint. When compared to surface fingerprints cropped to match the internal fingerprints’ representative area and locality, the internal fingerprints outperformed these cropped surface counterparts. The internal fingerprint is an attractive biometric solution. This research develops a novel approach to extracting the internal fingerprint and is an asset to the further development of technologies surrounding fingerprint extraction from OCT scans. No earlier work has extracted or tested the internal fingerprint to the degree that this research has.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Darlow, Luke Nicholas
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2959 , vital:20347
- Description: Fingerprints are a non-invasive biometric that possess significant advantages. However, they are subject to surface erosion and damage; distortion upon scanning; and are vulnerable to fingerprint spoofing. The internal fingerprint exists as the undulations of the papillary junction - an intermediary layer of skin - and provides a solution to these disadvantages. Optical coherence tomography is used to capture the internal fingerprint. A depth profile of the papillary junction throughout the OCT scans is first constructed using fuzzy c-means clustering and a fine-tuning procedure. This information is then used to define localised regions over which to average pixels for the resultant internal fingerprint. When compared to a ground-truth internal fingerprint zone, the internal fingerprint zone detected automatically is within the measured bounds of human error. With a mean- squared-error of 21.3 and structural similarity of 96.4%, the internal fingerprint zone was successfully found and described. The extracted fingerprints exceed their surface counterparts with respect to orientation certainty and NFIQ scores (both of which are respected fingerprint quality assessment criteria). Internal to surface fingerprint correspondence and internal fingerprint cross correspondence were also measured. A larger scanned region is shown to be advantageous as internal fingerprints extracted from these scans have good surface correspondence (75% had at least one true match with a surface counterpart). It is also evidenced that internal fingerprints can constitute a fingerprint database. 96% of the internal fingerprints extracted had at least one corresponding match with another internal fingerprint. When compared to surface fingerprints cropped to match the internal fingerprints’ representative area and locality, the internal fingerprints outperformed these cropped surface counterparts. The internal fingerprint is an attractive biometric solution. This research develops a novel approach to extracting the internal fingerprint and is an asset to the further development of technologies surrounding fingerprint extraction from OCT scans. No earlier work has extracted or tested the internal fingerprint to the degree that this research has.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Effects of vitamin A on tumour and untransformed cells
- Authors: De Villiers, Diane Lynette
- Date: 1988
- Subjects: Vitamin A , Vitamin A in the body , Cancer -- Prevention
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3881 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001615
- Description: Vitamin A and its chemical analogues (retinoids) are known to play a role in the maintenance and differentiation of epithelial tissue. Retinoids have been shown to inhibit carcinogenesis in a number of tissues in experimental animals and to inhibit the growth of various untransformed and cancer cell lines in vitro. This study investigated the effect of retinyl acetate supplemented at concentrations of 1 μM, 5 μM, 10 μM and 100 μM to in vitro cultured untransformed LLCMK cells, and transformed BL-6 melanoma and human hepatoma cell lines. A small but non-significant effect of vitamin A addition on the growth of the untransformed cells was observed, while substantial inhibition of proliferation of the two tumour cell lines was found. At the cytotoxic level of 100 μM supplemented vitamin A, all three cell lines showed marked inhibition of growth. This led to an electron microscopy study to examine the ultrastructural effect of the vitamin A addition. At the low non-toxic levels of vitamin A addition (1 - 10 μM), no ultrastructural changes were observed in the untransformed cells. However, at a level of 5 μM and 10 μM vitamin A addition in the tumour cells, an increase in the size of suspected lipid droplets was observed. At the cytotoxic level of 100 μM supplemented vitamin A, large lipid droplets were very apparent, as was much cellular degeneration. This effect was more marked in the tumour cells than in the untransformed cells. The lipid nature of the droplets was confirmed by using the lipid stain, Sudan IV. In order to investigate the effect of added vitamin A at the cell surface level, an ELISA system was used to quantify the level of the cell surface glycoprotein, fibronectin, in the culture media. Vitamin A plays an important role in the production of mature fibronectin by participating in the glycosylation of the molecule. This study showed no major effect of added vitamin A on the release of fibronectin into the culture media. This did not, however, exclude the possibility that the vitamin A was involved in the production and enhanced binding of fibronectin to the cell surface, and was possibly also exerting an effect on the availability of fibronectin receptors. Further studies would, however, be required to substantiate such effects of vitamin A supplementation. No single mechanism of action of vitamin A on tumour cell growth inhibition was identified, but the possibility that at least two mechanisms exist, was suggested
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1988
- Authors: De Villiers, Diane Lynette
- Date: 1988
- Subjects: Vitamin A , Vitamin A in the body , Cancer -- Prevention
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3881 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001615
- Description: Vitamin A and its chemical analogues (retinoids) are known to play a role in the maintenance and differentiation of epithelial tissue. Retinoids have been shown to inhibit carcinogenesis in a number of tissues in experimental animals and to inhibit the growth of various untransformed and cancer cell lines in vitro. This study investigated the effect of retinyl acetate supplemented at concentrations of 1 μM, 5 μM, 10 μM and 100 μM to in vitro cultured untransformed LLCMK cells, and transformed BL-6 melanoma and human hepatoma cell lines. A small but non-significant effect of vitamin A addition on the growth of the untransformed cells was observed, while substantial inhibition of proliferation of the two tumour cell lines was found. At the cytotoxic level of 100 μM supplemented vitamin A, all three cell lines showed marked inhibition of growth. This led to an electron microscopy study to examine the ultrastructural effect of the vitamin A addition. At the low non-toxic levels of vitamin A addition (1 - 10 μM), no ultrastructural changes were observed in the untransformed cells. However, at a level of 5 μM and 10 μM vitamin A addition in the tumour cells, an increase in the size of suspected lipid droplets was observed. At the cytotoxic level of 100 μM supplemented vitamin A, large lipid droplets were very apparent, as was much cellular degeneration. This effect was more marked in the tumour cells than in the untransformed cells. The lipid nature of the droplets was confirmed by using the lipid stain, Sudan IV. In order to investigate the effect of added vitamin A at the cell surface level, an ELISA system was used to quantify the level of the cell surface glycoprotein, fibronectin, in the culture media. Vitamin A plays an important role in the production of mature fibronectin by participating in the glycosylation of the molecule. This study showed no major effect of added vitamin A on the release of fibronectin into the culture media. This did not, however, exclude the possibility that the vitamin A was involved in the production and enhanced binding of fibronectin to the cell surface, and was possibly also exerting an effect on the availability of fibronectin receptors. Further studies would, however, be required to substantiate such effects of vitamin A supplementation. No single mechanism of action of vitamin A on tumour cell growth inhibition was identified, but the possibility that at least two mechanisms exist, was suggested
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1988
'n Ondersoek na die uitbeelding van Khoisan-karakters deur wit Afrikaanse prosateurs: 1994-2014
- Authors: December, Peter
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Khoikhoi (African people) -- South Africa -- History Khoikhoi (African people) -- Race identity -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22070 , vital:29819
- Description: This dissertation offers a literary-thematic investigation based on a postcolonial approach to the representation of the Khoisan and their descendants. I restricted my scope to selected Afrikaans novels at the centre of critical attention between between 1994 and 2014. Earlier novels in this period under discussion are Dolf van Niekerk’s Koms van die hyreën (1994), Willem Kotze’s Tsats van die Kalahari (1994), Die spoorsnyer (1994), Olifantjagters (1997) and Gif (2001) by Piet van Rooyen, plus Karel Schoeman’s Verkenning (1996). Later texts in the focus are Duiwelskloof (1998) and Bidsprinkaan (2005) by André P. Brink, Dalene Matthee’s Pieternella van die Kaap (2000), Eben Venter’s Santa Gamka (2009) and most recently, the Hertzog prize winner of 2015, Buys by Willem Anker (2014). Themes central to South African literature will form the focus of the research, namely intercultural interaction between the first inhabitants of South Africa and missionaries, the question of land ownership, the language motif, and the role of religion (indigenous versus Western belief systems). Attention will also be on more specific issues such as the nature of the relationship between the Khoisan and the colonisers, the characterization of the Khoisan by the selected white authors, as well as other contemporary debates. The secondary objective of the study is to review the historical presence of the Khoisan and their descendants as reflected through the fictional lense of these authors writing over the last two decades, since democratization of the regime in 1994. My focus is particularly on the substantial cultural contribution of the Khoi and the San, as reflected through their representation in fictional works. The question will be posed whether the portrayal of Khoisan characters in novels after 1994 is different from the portrayal in fiction before 1994? My hypothesis is that in the fictional representation one finds a move towards restoration of their human dignity, yet the fact remains that all the authors are white. A different study of fictional works by coloured writers (whose numbers as Afrikaans authors grew substantially after 1994), investigating their representation of the descendants of the Khoi and the San, would in all probability yield radically different results, as the white authors imagine the characters and their consciousness from outside the community and the racial group, whereas the coloured writers belong to the community and the group that they portray.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: December, Peter
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Khoikhoi (African people) -- South Africa -- History Khoikhoi (African people) -- Race identity -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22070 , vital:29819
- Description: This dissertation offers a literary-thematic investigation based on a postcolonial approach to the representation of the Khoisan and their descendants. I restricted my scope to selected Afrikaans novels at the centre of critical attention between between 1994 and 2014. Earlier novels in this period under discussion are Dolf van Niekerk’s Koms van die hyreën (1994), Willem Kotze’s Tsats van die Kalahari (1994), Die spoorsnyer (1994), Olifantjagters (1997) and Gif (2001) by Piet van Rooyen, plus Karel Schoeman’s Verkenning (1996). Later texts in the focus are Duiwelskloof (1998) and Bidsprinkaan (2005) by André P. Brink, Dalene Matthee’s Pieternella van die Kaap (2000), Eben Venter’s Santa Gamka (2009) and most recently, the Hertzog prize winner of 2015, Buys by Willem Anker (2014). Themes central to South African literature will form the focus of the research, namely intercultural interaction between the first inhabitants of South Africa and missionaries, the question of land ownership, the language motif, and the role of religion (indigenous versus Western belief systems). Attention will also be on more specific issues such as the nature of the relationship between the Khoisan and the colonisers, the characterization of the Khoisan by the selected white authors, as well as other contemporary debates. The secondary objective of the study is to review the historical presence of the Khoisan and their descendants as reflected through the fictional lense of these authors writing over the last two decades, since democratization of the regime in 1994. My focus is particularly on the substantial cultural contribution of the Khoi and the San, as reflected through their representation in fictional works. The question will be posed whether the portrayal of Khoisan characters in novels after 1994 is different from the portrayal in fiction before 1994? My hypothesis is that in the fictional representation one finds a move towards restoration of their human dignity, yet the fact remains that all the authors are white. A different study of fictional works by coloured writers (whose numbers as Afrikaans authors grew substantially after 1994), investigating their representation of the descendants of the Khoi and the San, would in all probability yield radically different results, as the white authors imagine the characters and their consciousness from outside the community and the racial group, whereas the coloured writers belong to the community and the group that they portray.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Nostalgia in reimagining the past: the subjectivity of memory in the representation of history. A textual analysis of Rehad Desai's documentary films
- Authors: Dlamini, Philani Vincent
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Documentary films -- South Africa , Nostalgia in motion pictures Nostalgia in mass media
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/45183 , vital:38261
- Description: South Africa occupies a unique space in terms of the decolonization of the continent of Africa. While massive projects of decolonization where happening across the continent, South Africa was subjected to a conservative and racialised project of segregation. This arrested development makes for an interesting anachronism in South Africa as disconcerting “Third- World” and “First-World” economies emerged creating an anomalous temporality. I was born just a month before the inimitable Ruth First was unceremoniously assassinated in Mozambique in 1982. While further South, one of the most underreported conflicts of apartheid South Africa was in its nascent stages no further than a kilometer away from my house. I am referring of course to the violent clashes between factions of both the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) and the African National Congress (ANC), played in the men’s hostel of the third largest township in the country, Umlazi, South of Durban. These would only come to have meaning to me later, when I was at university. I mention these cultural and perhaps socio-political artefacts in so far as they relate to the kind of environment that lead to this research enquiry. Which is to say that as social beings, we are in fact products of the things that affect the social environment that we exist in. This is not a new idea. What is particularly interesting for this enquiry is the eclecticism of the emblems that survive to shapes one’s own identity and perception of the world around them. Within the above stated mini-biography lies a complex matrix of emotions and extrapolated meanings mediated through a conflicted and negotiated understanding of what the social history of South Africa meant for my own personal history. This paper is an attempt to think through articulations of time as they are constituted by future-orientated subjectivities extending back to varied pasts. It does so by exploring a recent work of black South African self-writing, Jacob Dlamini’s Native Nostalgia (2009). Considering the text’s treatment of time, I argue that porous conceptions of temporality open up possibilities for self-enunciation. What Paul Gilroy has described as “the signs of sameness” (2000, 101). Meaning that these could be quantified and as such researchable and in fact applied across various cultural texts (including but not limited to film). The body of work from South African documentary filmmaker Rehad Desai provides an interesting case study to examine Jacob Dlamini’s thematic pre-occupations with nostalgia. Nostalgia here is used to see if such pre-occupations can be applied to a filmic body of work. Desai’s body of work is interesting to this enquiry because it almost exclusively deals with the temporalities of South Africa as “refracted through the prism of the past”. By this I mean Desai through his work appears to reflect on South Africa’s storied past as it affects current happenings. It is the intention of this paper to argue that Desai deals with his subject (the evolution of the South African political landscape) in similar terms to the way Jacob Dlamini explores the notion of reflective nostalgia.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Dlamini, Philani Vincent
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Documentary films -- South Africa , Nostalgia in motion pictures Nostalgia in mass media
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/45183 , vital:38261
- Description: South Africa occupies a unique space in terms of the decolonization of the continent of Africa. While massive projects of decolonization where happening across the continent, South Africa was subjected to a conservative and racialised project of segregation. This arrested development makes for an interesting anachronism in South Africa as disconcerting “Third- World” and “First-World” economies emerged creating an anomalous temporality. I was born just a month before the inimitable Ruth First was unceremoniously assassinated in Mozambique in 1982. While further South, one of the most underreported conflicts of apartheid South Africa was in its nascent stages no further than a kilometer away from my house. I am referring of course to the violent clashes between factions of both the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) and the African National Congress (ANC), played in the men’s hostel of the third largest township in the country, Umlazi, South of Durban. These would only come to have meaning to me later, when I was at university. I mention these cultural and perhaps socio-political artefacts in so far as they relate to the kind of environment that lead to this research enquiry. Which is to say that as social beings, we are in fact products of the things that affect the social environment that we exist in. This is not a new idea. What is particularly interesting for this enquiry is the eclecticism of the emblems that survive to shapes one’s own identity and perception of the world around them. Within the above stated mini-biography lies a complex matrix of emotions and extrapolated meanings mediated through a conflicted and negotiated understanding of what the social history of South Africa meant for my own personal history. This paper is an attempt to think through articulations of time as they are constituted by future-orientated subjectivities extending back to varied pasts. It does so by exploring a recent work of black South African self-writing, Jacob Dlamini’s Native Nostalgia (2009). Considering the text’s treatment of time, I argue that porous conceptions of temporality open up possibilities for self-enunciation. What Paul Gilroy has described as “the signs of sameness” (2000, 101). Meaning that these could be quantified and as such researchable and in fact applied across various cultural texts (including but not limited to film). The body of work from South African documentary filmmaker Rehad Desai provides an interesting case study to examine Jacob Dlamini’s thematic pre-occupations with nostalgia. Nostalgia here is used to see if such pre-occupations can be applied to a filmic body of work. Desai’s body of work is interesting to this enquiry because it almost exclusively deals with the temporalities of South Africa as “refracted through the prism of the past”. By this I mean Desai through his work appears to reflect on South Africa’s storied past as it affects current happenings. It is the intention of this paper to argue that Desai deals with his subject (the evolution of the South African political landscape) in similar terms to the way Jacob Dlamini explores the notion of reflective nostalgia.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
An attempt to assess the part played by Puritan unrest in the causes of the English civil war
- Authors: Dowie, Donald Ian
- Date: 1965
- Subjects: England -- Church history -- 17th century Puritans -- England Great Britain -- History -- Puritan revolution, 1642-1660 Great Britain -- History -- Civil War, 1642-1649
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BDiv
- Identifier: vital:1248 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011414
- Description: The problem which confronts us at the outset, is the problem which has been facing historians for the past three hundred years: What were the causes of the English Civil War? What matters were responsible for the decisive split between Crown & Parliament into two distinct parties, and which ultimately led to civil war? Many theories and interpretations have been given. In this chapter, we will find that there are three major interpretations. The first is that it was a religious struggle - and so the Civil War became known as the 'Puritan Revolution'. The second is that it was a purely political conflict between the Crown and its Ministers, on the one hand, and the House of Commons, which had by then become the 'mirror' of the Puritan element in the country, on the other. And the third is that it was a class, or economic, war. Contemporary historians tended to regard it as a twofold struggle - a conflict over religion on the one hand, and the constitution on the other. It was they who coined the phrase 'Puritan Revolution'. This interpretation, however, has subsequently been challenged, in the light of the detailed research which has been conducted - especially in the field of economic history. And so the Civil War has been interpreted in terms of a social and economic conflict - it is said to be a class war. The social and economic factors have tended to become emphasized while the religious have been pushed into the background - often excluded altogether. It is my intention in this thesis, therefore, to assert once again the very real part played by religious matters in the origins of the English Civil War. Intro., p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1965
- Authors: Dowie, Donald Ian
- Date: 1965
- Subjects: England -- Church history -- 17th century Puritans -- England Great Britain -- History -- Puritan revolution, 1642-1660 Great Britain -- History -- Civil War, 1642-1649
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BDiv
- Identifier: vital:1248 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011414
- Description: The problem which confronts us at the outset, is the problem which has been facing historians for the past three hundred years: What were the causes of the English Civil War? What matters were responsible for the decisive split between Crown & Parliament into two distinct parties, and which ultimately led to civil war? Many theories and interpretations have been given. In this chapter, we will find that there are three major interpretations. The first is that it was a religious struggle - and so the Civil War became known as the 'Puritan Revolution'. The second is that it was a purely political conflict between the Crown and its Ministers, on the one hand, and the House of Commons, which had by then become the 'mirror' of the Puritan element in the country, on the other. And the third is that it was a class, or economic, war. Contemporary historians tended to regard it as a twofold struggle - a conflict over religion on the one hand, and the constitution on the other. It was they who coined the phrase 'Puritan Revolution'. This interpretation, however, has subsequently been challenged, in the light of the detailed research which has been conducted - especially in the field of economic history. And so the Civil War has been interpreted in terms of a social and economic conflict - it is said to be a class war. The social and economic factors have tended to become emphasized while the religious have been pushed into the background - often excluded altogether. It is my intention in this thesis, therefore, to assert once again the very real part played by religious matters in the origins of the English Civil War. Intro., p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1965
Exploring the challenges of income generating projects funded by the Department of Social Development at Kwa-Nobuhle, Uitenhage, in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Filita, Unathi Samora
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Public investments -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Economic development projects -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Poverty -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9191 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020323
- Description: Income generating projects represent one strategy adopted by the Department of Social Development to alleviate poverty. The purpose of this study is to explore challenges of an income generating project funded by the Department of Social Development in Kwa-Nobuhle, Uitenhage of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa., A sample of thirty respondents was drawn from ten income generating projects funded by the Department of Social Development. The sampling method of this study was purposive sampling. Data was gathered through semi-structured questionnaires. Related literature has been reviewed that focuses on income generating projects for poverty alleviation. Various recommendations have been made on the findings of the study. The findings of the study indicated the need for regular visits from the officials of the Department, to conduct monitoring and evaluation. Project members also need training on financial management so they cannot mismanage their finances. The research findings indicated clearly that strategies that were used by the Department were not effective enough to achieve desired goals of poverty alleviation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Filita, Unathi Samora
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Public investments -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Economic development projects -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Poverty -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9191 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020323
- Description: Income generating projects represent one strategy adopted by the Department of Social Development to alleviate poverty. The purpose of this study is to explore challenges of an income generating project funded by the Department of Social Development in Kwa-Nobuhle, Uitenhage of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa., A sample of thirty respondents was drawn from ten income generating projects funded by the Department of Social Development. The sampling method of this study was purposive sampling. Data was gathered through semi-structured questionnaires. Related literature has been reviewed that focuses on income generating projects for poverty alleviation. Various recommendations have been made on the findings of the study. The findings of the study indicated the need for regular visits from the officials of the Department, to conduct monitoring and evaluation. Project members also need training on financial management so they cannot mismanage their finances. The research findings indicated clearly that strategies that were used by the Department were not effective enough to achieve desired goals of poverty alleviation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Pentecostal and exclusion of women in positions of leadership : a case of Pentecostal churches in Harare, Zimbabwe
- Authors: Guti, Joseph
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Pentecostal churches -- Zimbabwe Women and religion -- Zimbabwe Women in church work
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTh
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8866 , vital:33692
- Description: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the issues relating to women empowerment and their leadership positions in the Pentecostal churches in Harare, Zimbabwe. The study was motivated by the theoretical findings that women have always been discriminated against, be it, politically, economically, socio‐culturally, and also religiously. It is against this background that this study interrogated the position of women in the Church particularly in African Pentecostal Christianity. Scholars of gender studies assert that even though women are attaining higher levels and developing both economically and politically, they still remain invisible in top church leadership ranks. The study examined how compliant the Pentecostals in Zimbabwe are to the gospel of equality, and check if distinctions still exist even among the Pentecostal Christians. This issue of gender imbalance is a worldwide problem which the church needs to address for the good of humanity. The issue of women empowerment in Pentecostal churches particularly in Zimbabwe, is a major challenge today because there are more women than men in the churches, yet it seems that in most churches they are excluded in top leadership positions. The Pentecostal Movement is said to be the most significant religious movement in the world which is primarily made up of women, yet it has also been observed that women in most African countries are treated as lower or second class citizens. The Zimbabwean society is male dominated and the Pentecostal churches are also affected, such that gender imbalances are observed and women abuses are prevalent. Therefore the issue of gender and gender imbalance is a global challenge, and as a result it has also become a global agenda in the academic world. This is what motivated the researcher to examine to what extent the Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe perceive the importance of women empowerment, and also determine the impact of the exclusion of women from top church leadership positions. A review of literature on women empowerment and their exclusion from Pentecostal church leadership positions indicated that the challenges that Pentecostal women faced were similar among all religious groups in other African countries outside Zimbabwe. The research study showed that the Pentecostal Church in Zimbabwe needs to address this issue of women empowerment since the church or religious sector is lagging behind when other areas of the society like the economic and political sectors have already embraced the notion. Therefore this study is significant because it seeks to address the gender imbalances in Pentecostal Christianity that has seen women being on the periphery while men being at the centre when it comes to Church hierarchy. In investigating the issue of women empowerment in Pentecostal churches the researcher proposes that if there is gender balance in the leadership of the church there will be more sound contribution in the ministry of the church that would benefit everyone equally. It has been observed that women like men, have also been given spiritual gifts that should be used to benefit or minister to the body of Christ without limits. Yet currently there seems to be a sense that women in the Pentecostal Churches are not afforded opportunity to exercise their ministry and freely participate in the active ministry of the church. There is also a general feeling among women that their needs are not adequately catered for in the church because men cannot fully understand the needs of women, and as a result women suffer silently. Iidentification of the above challenges would enable the Pentecostal church leaders and other stakeholders to devise specific policies and strategies that assist in empowering women, and thereby creating a better environment which allows for church growth. This research was a descriptive case study that used self-administered questionnaires and interviews as the primary source of data on a target sample of 80 Pentecostal members (among them were pastors, elders, deacons, and ordinary male and female members) from various Pentecostal churches in Harare. The researcher also consulted secondary sources of data for the study including electronic and printed church material, websites, conferences and church services. Data collected for this research was transformed for statistical analysis through the use of Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) software and also Thematic Analysis for further data presentation. Thematic analysis method was used to systematically find answers to research questions, as well as identifying, analyzing and reporting patterns or themes within the data collected. The phenomenological approach was used in this research to understand the behavioural patterns of Pentecostal church members from the view point of the participants, and mostly to allow the voices of the women to be heard. Besides the phenomenological approach, this study employed the Theological Reflection approach to interpret the data since the concerns under investigation are ethical-theological issues. Conclusively, the research findings indicated that women in the Pentecostal churches faced challenges, even though they had capacity just like men. Some of the challenges were due to such factors as the “glass ceiling” that block their access to top leadership ranks, gender role stereotyping, negative societal or cultural influences, inferiority complex of women themselves, lack of acceptance by men, lack of education or access to training, and the challenges of balancing home and family responsibilities. From the study it shows that women have capacity for leadership in Pentecostal churches if they are empowered. Therefore motivational teachings and training programs are needed to correct the wrong mentalities concerning the status of women in African Pentecostalism.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Guti, Joseph
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Pentecostal churches -- Zimbabwe Women and religion -- Zimbabwe Women in church work
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTh
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8866 , vital:33692
- Description: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the issues relating to women empowerment and their leadership positions in the Pentecostal churches in Harare, Zimbabwe. The study was motivated by the theoretical findings that women have always been discriminated against, be it, politically, economically, socio‐culturally, and also religiously. It is against this background that this study interrogated the position of women in the Church particularly in African Pentecostal Christianity. Scholars of gender studies assert that even though women are attaining higher levels and developing both economically and politically, they still remain invisible in top church leadership ranks. The study examined how compliant the Pentecostals in Zimbabwe are to the gospel of equality, and check if distinctions still exist even among the Pentecostal Christians. This issue of gender imbalance is a worldwide problem which the church needs to address for the good of humanity. The issue of women empowerment in Pentecostal churches particularly in Zimbabwe, is a major challenge today because there are more women than men in the churches, yet it seems that in most churches they are excluded in top leadership positions. The Pentecostal Movement is said to be the most significant religious movement in the world which is primarily made up of women, yet it has also been observed that women in most African countries are treated as lower or second class citizens. The Zimbabwean society is male dominated and the Pentecostal churches are also affected, such that gender imbalances are observed and women abuses are prevalent. Therefore the issue of gender and gender imbalance is a global challenge, and as a result it has also become a global agenda in the academic world. This is what motivated the researcher to examine to what extent the Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe perceive the importance of women empowerment, and also determine the impact of the exclusion of women from top church leadership positions. A review of literature on women empowerment and their exclusion from Pentecostal church leadership positions indicated that the challenges that Pentecostal women faced were similar among all religious groups in other African countries outside Zimbabwe. The research study showed that the Pentecostal Church in Zimbabwe needs to address this issue of women empowerment since the church or religious sector is lagging behind when other areas of the society like the economic and political sectors have already embraced the notion. Therefore this study is significant because it seeks to address the gender imbalances in Pentecostal Christianity that has seen women being on the periphery while men being at the centre when it comes to Church hierarchy. In investigating the issue of women empowerment in Pentecostal churches the researcher proposes that if there is gender balance in the leadership of the church there will be more sound contribution in the ministry of the church that would benefit everyone equally. It has been observed that women like men, have also been given spiritual gifts that should be used to benefit or minister to the body of Christ without limits. Yet currently there seems to be a sense that women in the Pentecostal Churches are not afforded opportunity to exercise their ministry and freely participate in the active ministry of the church. There is also a general feeling among women that their needs are not adequately catered for in the church because men cannot fully understand the needs of women, and as a result women suffer silently. Iidentification of the above challenges would enable the Pentecostal church leaders and other stakeholders to devise specific policies and strategies that assist in empowering women, and thereby creating a better environment which allows for church growth. This research was a descriptive case study that used self-administered questionnaires and interviews as the primary source of data on a target sample of 80 Pentecostal members (among them were pastors, elders, deacons, and ordinary male and female members) from various Pentecostal churches in Harare. The researcher also consulted secondary sources of data for the study including electronic and printed church material, websites, conferences and church services. Data collected for this research was transformed for statistical analysis through the use of Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) software and also Thematic Analysis for further data presentation. Thematic analysis method was used to systematically find answers to research questions, as well as identifying, analyzing and reporting patterns or themes within the data collected. The phenomenological approach was used in this research to understand the behavioural patterns of Pentecostal church members from the view point of the participants, and mostly to allow the voices of the women to be heard. Besides the phenomenological approach, this study employed the Theological Reflection approach to interpret the data since the concerns under investigation are ethical-theological issues. Conclusively, the research findings indicated that women in the Pentecostal churches faced challenges, even though they had capacity just like men. Some of the challenges were due to such factors as the “glass ceiling” that block their access to top leadership ranks, gender role stereotyping, negative societal or cultural influences, inferiority complex of women themselves, lack of acceptance by men, lack of education or access to training, and the challenges of balancing home and family responsibilities. From the study it shows that women have capacity for leadership in Pentecostal churches if they are empowered. Therefore motivational teachings and training programs are needed to correct the wrong mentalities concerning the status of women in African Pentecostalism.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Social change and shifting paradigms: the choice of healer among black South Africans in psychological counselling
- Authors: Johnson, Alexandra Blythe
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Healers -- South Africa , Psychotherapy Cross-cultural studies , Xhosa (African people) -- Psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2998 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002507 , Healers -- South Africa , Psychotherapy Cross-cultural studies , Xhosa (African people) -- Psychology
- Description: Social change in South Africa brings to light the multiplicity of world-views operating in our society, which individuals encountering a variety of social contexts are faced with. This raises questions about the choices black South Africans face in response to influences from Western and traditional African culture. This issue was approached through examining helpseeking choices made between different health care sectors that stem from different world-views. This would indicate whether individuals are drawing on a variety of belief systems. The sources of their beliefs are put into context by looking at the communities of practice that influence their local knowledge. Help-seeking is also influenced by the identities the individual may ascribe to, which are derived from the multiple positions held by them in different social contexts. In this research the use of health-care sectors by four black women attending psychotherapy is examined. Their use of these sectors reflects a potential multiplicity of world views. Semistructured interviews were conducted, focusing on participants' prior experience of different help options, and their current perceptions of traditional African healing and psychology. The texts were analysed using a qualitative hermeneutic method, the reading guide. Data was looked at through three main themes, the individual's relationship to the health care sectors, their knowledge of different world views, and the identities they adopted which may be influential in their choice of a healer. It was found that in two participants there was some movement away from traditional beliefs, with one rejecting the traditional healers who did not help her, once she has discovered therapy, and another identifying herself completely with Western medicine. In contrast, one participant illustrated a rediscovery of traditional healing, whilst still attending psychotherapy. This suggests that shifts in knowledge are not necessarily away from traditional beliefs. It was also found that the two participants who had experienced a broader variety of social contexts and identified with multiple belief systems, tended to use a variety of Western and traditional healing sources and selected the healing option they felt was most appropriate to a particular problem. It is argued therefore that having a variety of knowledge and beliefs places individuals in a more powerful position to determine their choice of action than those with a limited range of knowledge.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Johnson, Alexandra Blythe
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Healers -- South Africa , Psychotherapy Cross-cultural studies , Xhosa (African people) -- Psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2998 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002507 , Healers -- South Africa , Psychotherapy Cross-cultural studies , Xhosa (African people) -- Psychology
- Description: Social change in South Africa brings to light the multiplicity of world-views operating in our society, which individuals encountering a variety of social contexts are faced with. This raises questions about the choices black South Africans face in response to influences from Western and traditional African culture. This issue was approached through examining helpseeking choices made between different health care sectors that stem from different world-views. This would indicate whether individuals are drawing on a variety of belief systems. The sources of their beliefs are put into context by looking at the communities of practice that influence their local knowledge. Help-seeking is also influenced by the identities the individual may ascribe to, which are derived from the multiple positions held by them in different social contexts. In this research the use of health-care sectors by four black women attending psychotherapy is examined. Their use of these sectors reflects a potential multiplicity of world views. Semistructured interviews were conducted, focusing on participants' prior experience of different help options, and their current perceptions of traditional African healing and psychology. The texts were analysed using a qualitative hermeneutic method, the reading guide. Data was looked at through three main themes, the individual's relationship to the health care sectors, their knowledge of different world views, and the identities they adopted which may be influential in their choice of a healer. It was found that in two participants there was some movement away from traditional beliefs, with one rejecting the traditional healers who did not help her, once she has discovered therapy, and another identifying herself completely with Western medicine. In contrast, one participant illustrated a rediscovery of traditional healing, whilst still attending psychotherapy. This suggests that shifts in knowledge are not necessarily away from traditional beliefs. It was also found that the two participants who had experienced a broader variety of social contexts and identified with multiple belief systems, tended to use a variety of Western and traditional healing sources and selected the healing option they felt was most appropriate to a particular problem. It is argued therefore that having a variety of knowledge and beliefs places individuals in a more powerful position to determine their choice of action than those with a limited range of knowledge.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
An investigation of female leaders' perceptions of themselves and their roles as leaders in a Catholic School
- Authors: Kauaria, Vejanda
- Date: 2003
- Subjects: Catholic schools -- Namibia -- Administration Women school administrators -- Namibia School management and organization -- Namibia Educational leadership -- Namibia Women in public life -- Namibia Sex discrimination against women -- Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1626 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003508
- Description: The question of gender in leadership continues to be a contentious and poorly understood phenomenon. There seems general agreement that women do lead differently from men, and this study begins from that premise, focusing on a case in which leadership has traditionally been the domain of females. The case was chosen for its uniqueness, the assumption being that in these circumstances leadership may have developed particular characteristics. Following a qualitative approach (drawing on phenomenology), the study seeks to investigate how women leaders experience their roles as leaders. In-depth interviews made it possible for me to capture the perceptions and experiences of the three women leaders I interviewed. The study reveals that women are more inclined to use interactive styles of leadership. Women use leadership that is more participative, negotiative, cooperative, shared and collaborative. These characteristics are in line with the features of transformational leadership which differs from the more traditional transactional leadership that is more controlled and directive. The study has also shown that leadership develops from within the person of the leader as the leader is the one who spearheads the organization through vision, ideas, beliefs andassumptions. The findings of this study suggest thus that unless women are given chances to prove how they can lead, this new approach of leadership within them and that is required by modern organizations would be lost and leadership would remain relatively unchanged and undesirable. In the context of Namibia, this study should be of potential significance because of the rapid change that is taking place in the inclusion of women in leadership and management positions in education.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
- Authors: Kauaria, Vejanda
- Date: 2003
- Subjects: Catholic schools -- Namibia -- Administration Women school administrators -- Namibia School management and organization -- Namibia Educational leadership -- Namibia Women in public life -- Namibia Sex discrimination against women -- Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1626 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003508
- Description: The question of gender in leadership continues to be a contentious and poorly understood phenomenon. There seems general agreement that women do lead differently from men, and this study begins from that premise, focusing on a case in which leadership has traditionally been the domain of females. The case was chosen for its uniqueness, the assumption being that in these circumstances leadership may have developed particular characteristics. Following a qualitative approach (drawing on phenomenology), the study seeks to investigate how women leaders experience their roles as leaders. In-depth interviews made it possible for me to capture the perceptions and experiences of the three women leaders I interviewed. The study reveals that women are more inclined to use interactive styles of leadership. Women use leadership that is more participative, negotiative, cooperative, shared and collaborative. These characteristics are in line with the features of transformational leadership which differs from the more traditional transactional leadership that is more controlled and directive. The study has also shown that leadership develops from within the person of the leader as the leader is the one who spearheads the organization through vision, ideas, beliefs andassumptions. The findings of this study suggest thus that unless women are given chances to prove how they can lead, this new approach of leadership within them and that is required by modern organizations would be lost and leadership would remain relatively unchanged and undesirable. In the context of Namibia, this study should be of potential significance because of the rapid change that is taking place in the inclusion of women in leadership and management positions in education.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
The role of financial regulators in the Kenyan economy
- Authors: Khakali, Linda Anyoso
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Financial services industry -- Law and legislation Financial institutions -- Law and legislation Financial services industry -- Law and legislation -- Kenya
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/11114 , vital:26886
- Description: Financial regulation is a subject that is more often than not regarded as distant and yet another level of bureaucracy that has to be endured by both the public and private sectors. The significance of creating and maintaining an efficient and effective system to regulate financial markets, financial institutions and financial service providers is a salient feature in the development of a country’s economic health. The recent global economic crises of 2007/2008 and the economic hurdles accompanying those events are perhaps the most dramatic instances of how necessary the implementation of efficient and effective financial regulation is. The international financial system has experienced a retinue of changes in the last two decades. One of the main challenges of financial regulators has been to keep abreast of as well as adapt to these changes, which are of an international nature. In a majority of countries, the financial sector is one of the most intensely regulated and supervised industries. Over a period of time, it has become evident that regulatory arrangements have a formidable impact on: i. The size, structure and efficiency of a financial system; ii. The business operations of financial institutions and markets; iii. Competitive conditions both overall and between sub-sectors of the system. The impact of regulation can either be stagnant or progressive; this depends on how the objectives of regulation are defined and how efficiently regulatory arrangements are related to their objectives. The issue at hand is to engage regulatory institutions, structures and mechanisms for supervision and enforcement need to be implemented because they are pertinent to the formal regulatory requirements in the overall regulatory regime. Effective financial regulation would be unable to exert its objectives in the absence of efficient supervision and enforcement. In numerous countries the institutional structure of regulation has experienced change or is in the process of change. Different models of institutional structure are availed such as the single/consolidated model, the twin-peak model and the multiple regulator model. For example, the United Kingdom has embraced the single/consolidated regulator model while Australia has employed the twin-peak regulator model. Kenya operates on the multiple regulator model. This report addresses the role of financial regulators in the Kenyan economy. The objectives of the research are to: Provide comprehensive information about the theory and practice of financial regulation; Identify the financial regulators in Kenya and define their roles; Address the issue of multiple regulators and the duplicity of roles; Discuss international trends in regulation and examine different regulatory regimes; Consider the viability of a single/consolidated regulatory regime in Kenya; Suggest a possible future regulatory regime for Kenya and identify the key issues associated with such a regime; Suggest areas for further investigation and research.The approach of this report will constitute the following: Chapter 1 discusses the rationale for the research, objectives, scope and scale of the research, preliminary literature review and the research methods to be employed. Chapter 2 focuses on financial regulatory systems in general as well as an extensive analysis of financial regulators in Kenya. Chapter 3 combines the research methods employed and also contains a comparative analysis of the regulatory regime. Chapter 4 examines the findings of the research, the lessons learnt and the regulatory responses. Chapter 5 includes recommendations towards improvement of regulatory systems and an executive summary of outstanding policy issues and priorities in Kenyan financial regulation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Khakali, Linda Anyoso
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Financial services industry -- Law and legislation Financial institutions -- Law and legislation Financial services industry -- Law and legislation -- Kenya
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/11114 , vital:26886
- Description: Financial regulation is a subject that is more often than not regarded as distant and yet another level of bureaucracy that has to be endured by both the public and private sectors. The significance of creating and maintaining an efficient and effective system to regulate financial markets, financial institutions and financial service providers is a salient feature in the development of a country’s economic health. The recent global economic crises of 2007/2008 and the economic hurdles accompanying those events are perhaps the most dramatic instances of how necessary the implementation of efficient and effective financial regulation is. The international financial system has experienced a retinue of changes in the last two decades. One of the main challenges of financial regulators has been to keep abreast of as well as adapt to these changes, which are of an international nature. In a majority of countries, the financial sector is one of the most intensely regulated and supervised industries. Over a period of time, it has become evident that regulatory arrangements have a formidable impact on: i. The size, structure and efficiency of a financial system; ii. The business operations of financial institutions and markets; iii. Competitive conditions both overall and between sub-sectors of the system. The impact of regulation can either be stagnant or progressive; this depends on how the objectives of regulation are defined and how efficiently regulatory arrangements are related to their objectives. The issue at hand is to engage regulatory institutions, structures and mechanisms for supervision and enforcement need to be implemented because they are pertinent to the formal regulatory requirements in the overall regulatory regime. Effective financial regulation would be unable to exert its objectives in the absence of efficient supervision and enforcement. In numerous countries the institutional structure of regulation has experienced change or is in the process of change. Different models of institutional structure are availed such as the single/consolidated model, the twin-peak model and the multiple regulator model. For example, the United Kingdom has embraced the single/consolidated regulator model while Australia has employed the twin-peak regulator model. Kenya operates on the multiple regulator model. This report addresses the role of financial regulators in the Kenyan economy. The objectives of the research are to: Provide comprehensive information about the theory and practice of financial regulation; Identify the financial regulators in Kenya and define their roles; Address the issue of multiple regulators and the duplicity of roles; Discuss international trends in regulation and examine different regulatory regimes; Consider the viability of a single/consolidated regulatory regime in Kenya; Suggest a possible future regulatory regime for Kenya and identify the key issues associated with such a regime; Suggest areas for further investigation and research.The approach of this report will constitute the following: Chapter 1 discusses the rationale for the research, objectives, scope and scale of the research, preliminary literature review and the research methods to be employed. Chapter 2 focuses on financial regulatory systems in general as well as an extensive analysis of financial regulators in Kenya. Chapter 3 combines the research methods employed and also contains a comparative analysis of the regulatory regime. Chapter 4 examines the findings of the research, the lessons learnt and the regulatory responses. Chapter 5 includes recommendations towards improvement of regulatory systems and an executive summary of outstanding policy issues and priorities in Kenyan financial regulation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
An investigation into the coverage of diverse forms of tourism in South African travel magazines
- Authors: Kotzé, Louis Jacobus Daniël
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Tourism -- South Africa , South Africa -- Description and travel Periodicals -- Research
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:10992 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/339 , Tourism -- South Africa , South Africa -- Description and travel Periodicals -- Research
- Description: There have been several changes in tourism in South Africa since 1994. During apartheid, black people were not allowed to become involved in important aspects of tourism, particularly at management level. However, this situation is changing and all cultures are gradually becoming engaged in th e tourism industry. The economic progress of the black community has resulted in the materialization of cultural villages, tourism projects to give rural people jobs, and an increase in township tourist attractions, heritage tours, etc. These initiatives have led to the establishment of certain types of tourism such as cultural tourism, urban tourism and community-based tourism. It could be said without hesitation, at the prescientific level, that the diversity in cultures, for one, is a major attraction of this country. Another change has been the increase in tourism from countries which have been excluded from South Africa in the past. Examples of these are African countries such as Kenya and Nigeria, as well as countries on other continents, including India, Bangladesh and the East-European bloc. Up to 2003/4, South Africa experienced the longest uninterrupted period of economic growth in its history. This resulted in people being able to afford a higher standard of living and therefore having more money to spend on travelling. as the economic growth stimulated the growth of tourism, both local and foreign, in the country. Seen from the perspective of the tourism industry, it is important to keep the public informed and up to date about what a country has to offer in order to maintain the increase in tourism. The media assist in this process. The travelling public is informed by word of mouth, but also through newspapers, magazines, television and radio. Information about the different attractions, whether cultures, wildlife or sport, et cetera, would not always be easy to find, were it not for the media. As tourism grows, more tourist attractions will develop, with a bigger need for tourists to be informed as an immediate result. The role of the media in this information giving is th erefore constantly on the increase.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Kotzé, Louis Jacobus Daniël
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Tourism -- South Africa , South Africa -- Description and travel Periodicals -- Research
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:10992 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/339 , Tourism -- South Africa , South Africa -- Description and travel Periodicals -- Research
- Description: There have been several changes in tourism in South Africa since 1994. During apartheid, black people were not allowed to become involved in important aspects of tourism, particularly at management level. However, this situation is changing and all cultures are gradually becoming engaged in th e tourism industry. The economic progress of the black community has resulted in the materialization of cultural villages, tourism projects to give rural people jobs, and an increase in township tourist attractions, heritage tours, etc. These initiatives have led to the establishment of certain types of tourism such as cultural tourism, urban tourism and community-based tourism. It could be said without hesitation, at the prescientific level, that the diversity in cultures, for one, is a major attraction of this country. Another change has been the increase in tourism from countries which have been excluded from South Africa in the past. Examples of these are African countries such as Kenya and Nigeria, as well as countries on other continents, including India, Bangladesh and the East-European bloc. Up to 2003/4, South Africa experienced the longest uninterrupted period of economic growth in its history. This resulted in people being able to afford a higher standard of living and therefore having more money to spend on travelling. as the economic growth stimulated the growth of tourism, both local and foreign, in the country. Seen from the perspective of the tourism industry, it is important to keep the public informed and up to date about what a country has to offer in order to maintain the increase in tourism. The media assist in this process. The travelling public is informed by word of mouth, but also through newspapers, magazines, television and radio. Information about the different attractions, whether cultures, wildlife or sport, et cetera, would not always be easy to find, were it not for the media. As tourism grows, more tourist attractions will develop, with a bigger need for tourists to be informed as an immediate result. The role of the media in this information giving is th erefore constantly on the increase.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
Exploring the impact of agricultural project and income generation in Uitenhage
- Authors: Kwesaba, Xolelwa
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Agricultural development projects -- South Africa -- Uitenhage , Community development -- South Africa -- Uitenhage , Economic assistance, Domestic -- South Africa -- Uitenhage
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9234 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021076
- Description: An income generating project signifies an unemployment strategy and an attempt at upliftment of living standards This study tries to explore the impact of agricultural and income generating projects on poverty alleviation in the Uitenhage area .The research topic tries to establish whether these poverty alleviation projectshave impacted sufficiently and contributed to socio-economic development and eradication of poverty . A sample of 15 respondents involved in an income generating project funded by the Department of Social Development was drawn from 1 Tinarha Agricultural Tourism Initiative. A purposive samplingmethod was used for thisstudy. Data was gathered through semi-structured questionnaires. Related literature that focuses on income generating projects for poverty alleviation has been reviewed. Various recommendations based on the findings of the study have also been made. The findings of the study indicate that the income generation project, has not impacted and contributed significantly to the process of eradicating poverty for the project members. It also indicates that project members were not empowered sufficiently with financial management skills needed to equip them to make substantial profits from their small business enterprises. It also emerged that the members were not able to secure markets for their products. This remains a key challenge for attainingsustainability. The research findings indicated clearly that the strategies that were used by the Departments were not effective enough to achieve the desired goals of poverty alleviation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Kwesaba, Xolelwa
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Agricultural development projects -- South Africa -- Uitenhage , Community development -- South Africa -- Uitenhage , Economic assistance, Domestic -- South Africa -- Uitenhage
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9234 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021076
- Description: An income generating project signifies an unemployment strategy and an attempt at upliftment of living standards This study tries to explore the impact of agricultural and income generating projects on poverty alleviation in the Uitenhage area .The research topic tries to establish whether these poverty alleviation projectshave impacted sufficiently and contributed to socio-economic development and eradication of poverty . A sample of 15 respondents involved in an income generating project funded by the Department of Social Development was drawn from 1 Tinarha Agricultural Tourism Initiative. A purposive samplingmethod was used for thisstudy. Data was gathered through semi-structured questionnaires. Related literature that focuses on income generating projects for poverty alleviation has been reviewed. Various recommendations based on the findings of the study have also been made. The findings of the study indicate that the income generation project, has not impacted and contributed significantly to the process of eradicating poverty for the project members. It also indicates that project members were not empowered sufficiently with financial management skills needed to equip them to make substantial profits from their small business enterprises. It also emerged that the members were not able to secure markets for their products. This remains a key challenge for attainingsustainability. The research findings indicated clearly that the strategies that were used by the Departments were not effective enough to achieve the desired goals of poverty alleviation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
An investigation of how members of a school governing body perceive and experience their roles : a case study
- Authors: Lusaseni, Pamella Hombakazi
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: School management and organization -- South Africa School boards -- South Africa Educational leadership School personnel management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1898 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006204
- Description: Education in South Africa is currently facing a lot of changes. This study was prompted by one of these changes, the introduction of a School Governing Body (SGB), constituted in terms of the 1996 Schools Act (South Africa 1996), and replacing the previous Parent-Teacher-StudentAssociation (PTSA). The study investigates how the members of a School Governing Body perceive and experience their roles, in an attempt to make a contribution to understanding the nature and implications of education governance policy in South Africa. Central to this exercise is the attempt to understand how the execution of their duties, their practice of both democracy and accountability, and their resolving of tensions and/or differences among parents, teachers and students, impacts upon their school generally and relates both to the Department of Education and other organs of society. The methodology employed in this study includes a review of relevant literature, international and national, followed by a historical overview of education governance in South Africa. The core of the thesis is an interpretive case study of the SGB of one junior secondary school under the auspices of the Department of Education, Culture and Sport, in the South Eastern region of the Eastern Cape Province. The single most important data gathering instrument used was a series of in-depth interviews. The interviewees were the Executive members of the SGB of the school. The major findings of the study were that the SGB was powerful and effective in its area of operation in school governance, despite its lack of skills in the execution of its duties. Many of the difficulties it has encountered can be ascribed to a lack of guidance from the Department of Education. The study thus concludes that whereas the SGB studied represents an important step towards the full democratization of education in general and in this school in particular, its role in school governance can not be described as an unqualified success. However, despite the problems faced by the SGB, its role has made history in the governance of the school. Programmes which the SGB has implemented, such as measures to foster a culture of teaching and learning, have had an important impact on the progress of the school. Finally, the findings of the study indicate that the most important issues to be addressed in respect of the SGB researched are capacity building, communication, cultural understanding and the level of SGB understanding of the Schools Act. The study makes certain recommendations for the attention of SGBs and the Department of Education. These include a well co-ordinated capacity building prograrn to be developed and implemented, that will provide SGBs with access to knowledge of the relevant material and other resources necessary to sustain school governance functions. Because of the limited nature of the study in terms of methodology and constraints of time, the conclusions arrived at cannot and should not be generalized beyond the confines of the study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Lusaseni, Pamella Hombakazi
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: School management and organization -- South Africa School boards -- South Africa Educational leadership School personnel management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1898 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006204
- Description: Education in South Africa is currently facing a lot of changes. This study was prompted by one of these changes, the introduction of a School Governing Body (SGB), constituted in terms of the 1996 Schools Act (South Africa 1996), and replacing the previous Parent-Teacher-StudentAssociation (PTSA). The study investigates how the members of a School Governing Body perceive and experience their roles, in an attempt to make a contribution to understanding the nature and implications of education governance policy in South Africa. Central to this exercise is the attempt to understand how the execution of their duties, their practice of both democracy and accountability, and their resolving of tensions and/or differences among parents, teachers and students, impacts upon their school generally and relates both to the Department of Education and other organs of society. The methodology employed in this study includes a review of relevant literature, international and national, followed by a historical overview of education governance in South Africa. The core of the thesis is an interpretive case study of the SGB of one junior secondary school under the auspices of the Department of Education, Culture and Sport, in the South Eastern region of the Eastern Cape Province. The single most important data gathering instrument used was a series of in-depth interviews. The interviewees were the Executive members of the SGB of the school. The major findings of the study were that the SGB was powerful and effective in its area of operation in school governance, despite its lack of skills in the execution of its duties. Many of the difficulties it has encountered can be ascribed to a lack of guidance from the Department of Education. The study thus concludes that whereas the SGB studied represents an important step towards the full democratization of education in general and in this school in particular, its role in school governance can not be described as an unqualified success. However, despite the problems faced by the SGB, its role has made history in the governance of the school. Programmes which the SGB has implemented, such as measures to foster a culture of teaching and learning, have had an important impact on the progress of the school. Finally, the findings of the study indicate that the most important issues to be addressed in respect of the SGB researched are capacity building, communication, cultural understanding and the level of SGB understanding of the Schools Act. The study makes certain recommendations for the attention of SGBs and the Department of Education. These include a well co-ordinated capacity building prograrn to be developed and implemented, that will provide SGBs with access to knowledge of the relevant material and other resources necessary to sustain school governance functions. Because of the limited nature of the study in terms of methodology and constraints of time, the conclusions arrived at cannot and should not be generalized beyond the confines of the study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1999
Impact of business confidence on private investments in South Africa
- Authors: Madzivire, Venna Wadzanayi
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Success in business Confidence Investments
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8910 , vital:33955
- Description: A wide range of theoretical and empirical studies have been carried out on various determinants of private investments in different economies. This dissertation specifically focuses on the impact business confidence on private investments with regards to the South African economy for the period between 1990 and 2014. The private investment sector in South Africa has, to a greater extent contributed to the overall GDP of the economy. Even though business confidence has a considerable impact on private investments, this study also took into consideration other variables that affect the private investment sector such as interest rates, exchange range and GDP To determine short-run and long-run relationships of business confidence on private Investments in South Africa, a vector error correction model was employed. In order to avoid spurious regression, the ADF test and the PP test were used to test for stationarity. Results of the study indicate that private investments are subject to permanent changes because of changes in business confidence. In addition to that, not all variables have a long-term relationship with private investments but business confidence has a significant long run relationship with private investment. After conducting an econometric analysis, results revealed that Business Confidence and Gross Domestic Product have a positive impact on private investments. On the other hand, interest rates and exchange rates have a negative impact on private investments in South Africa. Various policy recommendations were established on both Private Investments and Business Confidence.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Madzivire, Venna Wadzanayi
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Success in business Confidence Investments
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8910 , vital:33955
- Description: A wide range of theoretical and empirical studies have been carried out on various determinants of private investments in different economies. This dissertation specifically focuses on the impact business confidence on private investments with regards to the South African economy for the period between 1990 and 2014. The private investment sector in South Africa has, to a greater extent contributed to the overall GDP of the economy. Even though business confidence has a considerable impact on private investments, this study also took into consideration other variables that affect the private investment sector such as interest rates, exchange range and GDP To determine short-run and long-run relationships of business confidence on private Investments in South Africa, a vector error correction model was employed. In order to avoid spurious regression, the ADF test and the PP test were used to test for stationarity. Results of the study indicate that private investments are subject to permanent changes because of changes in business confidence. In addition to that, not all variables have a long-term relationship with private investments but business confidence has a significant long run relationship with private investment. After conducting an econometric analysis, results revealed that Business Confidence and Gross Domestic Product have a positive impact on private investments. On the other hand, interest rates and exchange rates have a negative impact on private investments in South Africa. Various policy recommendations were established on both Private Investments and Business Confidence.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Role of public participation in the intergrated development plan in local government : the case of Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Authors: Mahlinza, Nozipho Clarice
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Metropolitan government -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Local government -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Public administration -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Economic development -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
- Identifier: vital:8316 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020109
- Description: Local Government has a critical role to play in rebuilding local communities and environments as the basis for a democratic, with specific reference to the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. The main aim was to evaluate the public participation in the Integrated Development Plan in the NMBM and whether public participation is seen as vehicle to enhance policy formulation and implementation of the Integrated Development Plan. To provide strategies to remedy the situation. The sample comprised of senior officials, Mayoral Committee, Ward councillors, and officials who deals with IDP. Questionnaires with open and closed questions were employed to councillors and officials, interviews were conducted with senior officials, ward councillors and members in the ward. Findings suggest that the current public participation strategies are inadequate, because Budget and IDP processes are not properly integrated; the plans approved by council are not adhered to resulting to fighting fires. Based on the research findings, councillors and political leaders should consider structuring and moderating the public debate in the IDP process to ensure IDP is real and above all implemental. Finally internal communication between the administrative and political arms of the NMBM needs to be managed in a way that builds trust and understanding of the key process such as the IDP cycle, mid‐term and annual budget cycle.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Mahlinza, Nozipho Clarice
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Metropolitan government -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Local government -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Public administration -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Economic development -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
- Identifier: vital:8316 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020109
- Description: Local Government has a critical role to play in rebuilding local communities and environments as the basis for a democratic, with specific reference to the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. The main aim was to evaluate the public participation in the Integrated Development Plan in the NMBM and whether public participation is seen as vehicle to enhance policy formulation and implementation of the Integrated Development Plan. To provide strategies to remedy the situation. The sample comprised of senior officials, Mayoral Committee, Ward councillors, and officials who deals with IDP. Questionnaires with open and closed questions were employed to councillors and officials, interviews were conducted with senior officials, ward councillors and members in the ward. Findings suggest that the current public participation strategies are inadequate, because Budget and IDP processes are not properly integrated; the plans approved by council are not adhered to resulting to fighting fires. Based on the research findings, councillors and political leaders should consider structuring and moderating the public debate in the IDP process to ensure IDP is real and above all implemental. Finally internal communication between the administrative and political arms of the NMBM needs to be managed in a way that builds trust and understanding of the key process such as the IDP cycle, mid‐term and annual budget cycle.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
An approach to analyzing gold supply from the South African gold mines
- Authors: Mather, Diarmid John
- Date: 1995
- Subjects: Gold mines and mining -- Economic aspects -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:1015 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002750 , Gold mines and mining -- Economic aspects -- South Africa
- Description: The gold mining fIrm in South Africa is viewed as a normal fIrm producing gold bearing ore but faced with a quality constraint (grade). Grade, however, is never uniformly distributed in a metalliferous deposit and because high grades are mined fIrst, the quality constraint becomes increasingly severe with cumulated production. The fIrm will continue to mine gold bearing ore until it reaches its mining limit where the marginal cost of recovering the gold is equal to the marginal revenue received from that gold and at that point the economic deposit becomes exhausted. Because the mining limit is determined by cost/technology and price, it is not fIxed and thus the point of economic exhaustion may change. When high grades are mined fIrst the relationship between the tonnage of gold ore and the grade describes the rate at which the grade is expected to fall with cumulated production. In this thesis, the grade for South African Witwatersrand gold producers is modelled to fall exponentially. The mining limit, determined by costs/technology and price, can be expressed in terms of grade. By predicting the decay in grade relative to the tonnage of gold ore and applying a mining limit, a life-time size of the economic deposit can be estimated. The remaining life of a producing gold mine can then be determined and the flow of gold predicted. An empirical treatment using the disk model of a gold deposit is undertaken for a gold mine, a goldfIeld and the total Witwatersrand gold deposit. A dynamic econometric analysis of expected mining costs and gold prices is not attempted; however certain examples are used to illustrate the applicability of the model and the influence of the South African gold mining tax formula on the life of the mine.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1995
- Authors: Mather, Diarmid John
- Date: 1995
- Subjects: Gold mines and mining -- Economic aspects -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:1015 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002750 , Gold mines and mining -- Economic aspects -- South Africa
- Description: The gold mining fIrm in South Africa is viewed as a normal fIrm producing gold bearing ore but faced with a quality constraint (grade). Grade, however, is never uniformly distributed in a metalliferous deposit and because high grades are mined fIrst, the quality constraint becomes increasingly severe with cumulated production. The fIrm will continue to mine gold bearing ore until it reaches its mining limit where the marginal cost of recovering the gold is equal to the marginal revenue received from that gold and at that point the economic deposit becomes exhausted. Because the mining limit is determined by cost/technology and price, it is not fIxed and thus the point of economic exhaustion may change. When high grades are mined fIrst the relationship between the tonnage of gold ore and the grade describes the rate at which the grade is expected to fall with cumulated production. In this thesis, the grade for South African Witwatersrand gold producers is modelled to fall exponentially. The mining limit, determined by costs/technology and price, can be expressed in terms of grade. By predicting the decay in grade relative to the tonnage of gold ore and applying a mining limit, a life-time size of the economic deposit can be estimated. The remaining life of a producing gold mine can then be determined and the flow of gold predicted. An empirical treatment using the disk model of a gold deposit is undertaken for a gold mine, a goldfIeld and the total Witwatersrand gold deposit. A dynamic econometric analysis of expected mining costs and gold prices is not attempted; however certain examples are used to illustrate the applicability of the model and the influence of the South African gold mining tax formula on the life of the mine.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1995
The contribution of small scale livestock farming to rural household income in the King William's Town area
- Authors: Mbangcolo, Nomalungisa
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Farms, Small Livestock farms Rural poor
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MAgric
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13018 , vital:39432
- Description: The Eastern Cape Province have high numbers of livestock but high poverty rates remain very high. This study therefore, aimed to determine the contribution of smallscale livestock farming to rural household income in the King William’s Town area in five rural areas. Literature shows that the livestock sector contributes 40 percent of global value of agricultural output and supports the livelihoods and food security of almost a billion people. The data collected for this research were both quantitative and qualitative and cross-section design was employed for the research. The study used both simple random sampling and availability sampling to select 125 sample households, 25 respondents from each village. Descriptive statistics was used in the analysis of demographic and socio economic characteristics of households where graphs and tables were used to present the relevant information. Probit regression model was used to determine factors influencing the decision to practice livestock production and marginal analysis was calculated to determine the effect of changes of individual variables. For the assessment of the contribution of small-scale livestock farming to household income Propensity Score Matching (PSM) model was fitted. Results show that the highest percentage of livestock kept by households in 5 villages is 56 percent for poultry and the lowest percentage is 2 percent for pig. The main source of income for many households in the study area was the income from pensions and grants but livestock farming is also contributing to household’s income through income generated from sales of livestock for customary events such as traditional rituals and celebrations, lobola, funerals and weddings. Many of the households have secondary education and the reason might simply be that in olden days’ parents had no money to pay school fees of their children and that limited children to go further with their studies. The results of the marginal effects estimates for the probit model suggest that changes in the number of livestock sold would have important effects on household incomes. There are various challenges that livestock producers are facing in their production and the major challenge that households are facing is parasites and diseases as they decrease number of livestock kept by households. Parasites and diseases suck blood, causing the animals to become weak and sometimes resulting in high mortality rate. It is recommended that livestock producers should be made aware of the impacts of various challenges that affect livestock farming through awareness creation programmes and suggest solutions to overcome those challenges.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Mbangcolo, Nomalungisa
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Farms, Small Livestock farms Rural poor
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MAgric
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13018 , vital:39432
- Description: The Eastern Cape Province have high numbers of livestock but high poverty rates remain very high. This study therefore, aimed to determine the contribution of smallscale livestock farming to rural household income in the King William’s Town area in five rural areas. Literature shows that the livestock sector contributes 40 percent of global value of agricultural output and supports the livelihoods and food security of almost a billion people. The data collected for this research were both quantitative and qualitative and cross-section design was employed for the research. The study used both simple random sampling and availability sampling to select 125 sample households, 25 respondents from each village. Descriptive statistics was used in the analysis of demographic and socio economic characteristics of households where graphs and tables were used to present the relevant information. Probit regression model was used to determine factors influencing the decision to practice livestock production and marginal analysis was calculated to determine the effect of changes of individual variables. For the assessment of the contribution of small-scale livestock farming to household income Propensity Score Matching (PSM) model was fitted. Results show that the highest percentage of livestock kept by households in 5 villages is 56 percent for poultry and the lowest percentage is 2 percent for pig. The main source of income for many households in the study area was the income from pensions and grants but livestock farming is also contributing to household’s income through income generated from sales of livestock for customary events such as traditional rituals and celebrations, lobola, funerals and weddings. Many of the households have secondary education and the reason might simply be that in olden days’ parents had no money to pay school fees of their children and that limited children to go further with their studies. The results of the marginal effects estimates for the probit model suggest that changes in the number of livestock sold would have important effects on household incomes. There are various challenges that livestock producers are facing in their production and the major challenge that households are facing is parasites and diseases as they decrease number of livestock kept by households. Parasites and diseases suck blood, causing the animals to become weak and sometimes resulting in high mortality rate. It is recommended that livestock producers should be made aware of the impacts of various challenges that affect livestock farming through awareness creation programmes and suggest solutions to overcome those challenges.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018