A 22 GHz water maser radiometer
- Authors: Nunn, Brian J
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Masers , Radiometers
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5535 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012987
- Description: This thesis describes the properties of interstellar water maser sources, and other sources near 22 GHz. Calculations based on manufacturer's specifications of the 22 GHz mixer, which was to be used in a water radiometer, and on the size antenna aperture of the proposed antenna aperture, show the viability of constructing such a radiometer for spectral line and continuum work. Various sections of the radiometer were constructed, including the Cassegrain feed system and its support, an intermediate frequency amplifier and buffer, a timing control unit, and a data processor. These units are part of the radiometer, which is almost ready for observations of sources.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Nunn, Brian J
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Masers , Radiometers
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5535 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012987
- Description: This thesis describes the properties of interstellar water maser sources, and other sources near 22 GHz. Calculations based on manufacturer's specifications of the 22 GHz mixer, which was to be used in a water radiometer, and on the size antenna aperture of the proposed antenna aperture, show the viability of constructing such a radiometer for spectral line and continuum work. Various sections of the radiometer were constructed, including the Cassegrain feed system and its support, an intermediate frequency amplifier and buffer, a timing control unit, and a data processor. These units are part of the radiometer, which is almost ready for observations of sources.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
A computer analysis of some of the Harrison metrics
- Authors: Sadler, Christopher John
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Computer science -- Mathematics , Software measurement
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5427 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013151
- Description: In his paper B.K.Harrison concludes with the observation that his "solutions ... are presented as raw material for further research in General Relativity". In the same spirit, the present work started out as an attempt to process that raw material in a production-line powered by a computer. Harrison's solutions uould be fed in at one end, and the finished product, as yet undecided, would appear at the other. In the event, however, the project became more like an exercise in quality control, to continue the analogy. A search was made for algebraic criteria which would distinguish between those solutions which were acceptable for further analysis with particular regard to Gravitational radiation, and those which were not. Regrettably, no criteria could be found which characterised radiative solutions unequivocally, and, at the same time, lent themselves to a computer approach. The result is that the discussion of radiative solutions has had to be relegated to an appendix (Appendix 1), while the main body of the work is concerned with the determination of those quantities (the Newman-Penrose scalars) which would seem to be the foundation of any future computer-based analysis of gravitational radiation. Chapter 1 is an account of the underlying mathematical formulation, defining the terms, concepts and processes involved. In Chapter 2 the transformation of some of the ideas of Chapter 1 into computer software is presented. Chapter 3 is concerned with the specific metrics (the Harrison metrics) and the extent to which they have heen processed. The project has leaned heavily on papers by Harrison for the "raw material", by D' Inverno and Russell Clark, who pioneered the techniques and classified the Harrison metrics, and by Sachs for the treatment of gravitational radiation. However, the analysis of diagonal metrics, the special tetrad of Chapter 2 and the results in Appendix 2 are new.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Sadler, Christopher John
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Computer science -- Mathematics , Software measurement
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5427 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013151
- Description: In his paper B.K.Harrison concludes with the observation that his "solutions ... are presented as raw material for further research in General Relativity". In the same spirit, the present work started out as an attempt to process that raw material in a production-line powered by a computer. Harrison's solutions uould be fed in at one end, and the finished product, as yet undecided, would appear at the other. In the event, however, the project became more like an exercise in quality control, to continue the analogy. A search was made for algebraic criteria which would distinguish between those solutions which were acceptable for further analysis with particular regard to Gravitational radiation, and those which were not. Regrettably, no criteria could be found which characterised radiative solutions unequivocally, and, at the same time, lent themselves to a computer approach. The result is that the discussion of radiative solutions has had to be relegated to an appendix (Appendix 1), while the main body of the work is concerned with the determination of those quantities (the Newman-Penrose scalars) which would seem to be the foundation of any future computer-based analysis of gravitational radiation. Chapter 1 is an account of the underlying mathematical formulation, defining the terms, concepts and processes involved. In Chapter 2 the transformation of some of the ideas of Chapter 1 into computer software is presented. Chapter 3 is concerned with the specific metrics (the Harrison metrics) and the extent to which they have heen processed. The project has leaned heavily on papers by Harrison for the "raw material", by D' Inverno and Russell Clark, who pioneered the techniques and classified the Harrison metrics, and by Sachs for the treatment of gravitational radiation. However, the analysis of diagonal metrics, the special tetrad of Chapter 2 and the results in Appendix 2 are new.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
An application of the natural area concept to East London apartment areas
- Authors: Brehmer, D A E
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Natural areas -- South Africa -- East London , Apartment houses -- South Africa -- East London , Urban ecology (Sociology) -- South Africa -- East London
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:4872 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009694 , Natural areas -- South Africa -- East London , Apartment houses -- South Africa -- East London , Urban ecology (Sociology) -- South Africa -- East London
- Description: The world is faced with a population explosion, and cities are becoming ever larger. The world population will grow from its present 3500 million to more than 7 000 million by the year 2 000. The majority of cities are thus faced with the problem of housing vast numbers of people living in single family dwellings forming low density urban sprawl. Conditions are no different in South Africa where the present white population of about four million is expected to grow to between six and seven million by the year 2000. The present housing requirement (1970-75) for Whites, based on low and high population projections, is 32 732 and 40 150 houses respectively. From 1995-2000 the figures will have risen to 42 742 and 65 580 respectively. At that rate sprawl here will reach alarming proportions unless it can be curtailed by higher density housing. As the population trend does not seem likely to be reversed the problem lies in how to provide housing for an escalating population but at the same time to reduce urban sprawl and provide satisfactory living conditions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Brehmer, D A E
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Natural areas -- South Africa -- East London , Apartment houses -- South Africa -- East London , Urban ecology (Sociology) -- South Africa -- East London
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:4872 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009694 , Natural areas -- South Africa -- East London , Apartment houses -- South Africa -- East London , Urban ecology (Sociology) -- South Africa -- East London
- Description: The world is faced with a population explosion, and cities are becoming ever larger. The world population will grow from its present 3500 million to more than 7 000 million by the year 2 000. The majority of cities are thus faced with the problem of housing vast numbers of people living in single family dwellings forming low density urban sprawl. Conditions are no different in South Africa where the present white population of about four million is expected to grow to between six and seven million by the year 2000. The present housing requirement (1970-75) for Whites, based on low and high population projections, is 32 732 and 40 150 houses respectively. From 1995-2000 the figures will have risen to 42 742 and 65 580 respectively. At that rate sprawl here will reach alarming proportions unless it can be curtailed by higher density housing. As the population trend does not seem likely to be reversed the problem lies in how to provide housing for an escalating population but at the same time to reduce urban sprawl and provide satisfactory living conditions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
Art and conservation
- Authors: Dent, Hugh R
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Nature conservation Environmentalism Nature (Aesthetics)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2479 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011070
- Description: There can be no doubt that population increase and environmental pollution are the world's biggest problems today. These pose serious threats to the quality of life and art. They can only be remedied by an efficient system of birth-control and sound compulsory education, in order to regain spiritual enlightenment. Intro. p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Dent, Hugh R
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Nature conservation Environmentalism Nature (Aesthetics)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2479 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011070
- Description: There can be no doubt that population increase and environmental pollution are the world's biggest problems today. These pose serious threats to the quality of life and art. They can only be remedied by an efficient system of birth-control and sound compulsory education, in order to regain spiritual enlightenment. Intro. p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
Art and the Nekyia : a study of the significance of the symbolic descent into Hades in art, myth and ritual
- Authors: Place, L B
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Hell in art , Death in art , Death -- Psychological aspects , Hell in literature
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2490 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013039
- Description: Art has very littlo to do with the dead. Death alone is the negation of creation, ,while art is a vital force, a deeply instinctive, everlasting, continual revitalisation. Art is life and nature and it lives in the realms of imagination, magic and mystery. Its language is the language of myth, and its aim is Truth. Art is action and reaction and is reached in silence by the artist alone and individually - its climate is solitude and its paths are as devious and labyrinthine as any the soul can follow in search of self-knowledge and the divine. Chap. 1, p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Place, L B
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Hell in art , Death in art , Death -- Psychological aspects , Hell in literature
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2490 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013039
- Description: Art has very littlo to do with the dead. Death alone is the negation of creation, ,while art is a vital force, a deeply instinctive, everlasting, continual revitalisation. Art is life and nature and it lives in the realms of imagination, magic and mystery. Its language is the language of myth, and its aim is Truth. Art is action and reaction and is reached in silence by the artist alone and individually - its climate is solitude and its paths are as devious and labyrinthine as any the soul can follow in search of self-knowledge and the divine. Chap. 1, p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
Die nywerheidsopleiding van vakleerlinge en hulle relatiewe invloed op die besetting van die arbeidsmark oor die afgelope tien jaar, met inbegrip van die toepaslike aspekte op die grensgebied
- Authors: De Beer, David Petrus
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Apprentices -- Training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Apprentices -- Labor market -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:1082 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011032 , Apprentices -- Training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Apprentices -- Labor market -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: De Beer, David Petrus
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Apprentices -- Training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Apprentices -- Labor market -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:1082 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011032 , Apprentices -- Training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Apprentices -- Labor market -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
Economic dualism and labour re-allocation in South Africa, 1917-1970
- Authors: Hindson, Douglas Carlisle
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Labor policy -- South Africa -- History -- 20th century , Labor laws and legislation -- South Africa , Labor economics -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:1090 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012294 , Labor policy -- South Africa -- History -- 20th century , Labor laws and legislation -- South Africa , Labor economics -- South Africa
- Description: The central concern of this study is to analyse how the pattern of development in South Africa has influenced the long term growth of productive employment in the economy. The approach adopted is to appply a model of economic dualism to the South African case. Chapter 1, p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Hindson, Douglas Carlisle
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Labor policy -- South Africa -- History -- 20th century , Labor laws and legislation -- South Africa , Labor economics -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:1090 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012294 , Labor policy -- South Africa -- History -- 20th century , Labor laws and legislation -- South Africa , Labor economics -- South Africa
- Description: The central concern of this study is to analyse how the pattern of development in South Africa has influenced the long term growth of productive employment in the economy. The approach adopted is to appply a model of economic dualism to the South African case. Chapter 1, p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
Enkele eksistensiële elemente in die prosawerk van Willem Elsschot
- Authors: Saayman, Ellen Tertia
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Elsschot, Willem, 1882-1960 -- Criticism and interpretation
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3634 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013113
- Description: Elsschot word dikwels 'n siniese skrywer genoem. Alvorens die geldigheid, al dan nie, van hierdie stalling nagegaan word, volg 'n aantal definisies om te probeer bepaal wat sinisme is. Van Dale gee die volgende verklaring van die woord CYNISCH: "schaamteloos ongevoelig, een stuitend of pijnlijk ongeloof in het goede aan den dag leggende, niet gelovende aan oprechtheid of deugd bij de motieven en daden der mensen en dit met spottende lach of op scherpe,sarcastische wijze laten blijken". Intro., p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Saayman, Ellen Tertia
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Elsschot, Willem, 1882-1960 -- Criticism and interpretation
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3634 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013113
- Description: Elsschot word dikwels 'n siniese skrywer genoem. Alvorens die geldigheid, al dan nie, van hierdie stalling nagegaan word, volg 'n aantal definisies om te probeer bepaal wat sinisme is. Van Dale gee die volgende verklaring van die woord CYNISCH: "schaamteloos ongevoelig, een stuitend of pijnlijk ongeloof in het goede aan den dag leggende, niet gelovende aan oprechtheid of deugd bij de motieven en daden der mensen en dit met spottende lach of op scherpe,sarcastische wijze laten blijken". Intro., p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
J C Chase: 1820 settler and servant of the Colony
- Authors: McGinn, M J
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Chase, J. C, 1806-1876 , British settlers of 1820 (South Africa) , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2610 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012872
- Description: J.C. Chase was an 1820 settler who travelled to the Cape with Bailie's party. He was a man of some standing and education. There is evidence that he was a member of the Worshipful Company of Founders, whose arms were later adopted by Aliwal North, but he was reputedly a bookseller in London in 1819. Clearly the reading and writing of books were among his chief preoccupations at the Cape. He was particularly interested in travel and exploration and was one of the early white visitors to Griqualand. But his main objective at the Cape was probably to seek the security of a government appointment, and he held quite a succession of offices until he secured a permanent post in the administration. Even then he was moved from Graham's Town to Albert before he found his niche at Uitenhage, where he was Civil Commissioner and Resident Magistrate from 1849 to 1863. Intro., p.1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: McGinn, M J
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Chase, J. C, 1806-1876 , British settlers of 1820 (South Africa) , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2610 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012872
- Description: J.C. Chase was an 1820 settler who travelled to the Cape with Bailie's party. He was a man of some standing and education. There is evidence that he was a member of the Worshipful Company of Founders, whose arms were later adopted by Aliwal North, but he was reputedly a bookseller in London in 1819. Clearly the reading and writing of books were among his chief preoccupations at the Cape. He was particularly interested in travel and exploration and was one of the early white visitors to Griqualand. But his main objective at the Cape was probably to seek the security of a government appointment, and he held quite a succession of offices until he secured a permanent post in the administration. Even then he was moved from Graham's Town to Albert before he found his niche at Uitenhage, where he was Civil Commissioner and Resident Magistrate from 1849 to 1863. Intro., p.1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
Myth and art : a correlation
- Authors: Matthews, Celeste Deluvia
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Art and mythology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2487 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012844
- Description: The word myth evokes the same response as Lawrence's "snake at the water-trough"; the "voice of my education said it must be killed". We do so by confining it to Classicism or any of the diciplines. Myths in Classical language are Roman or Greek stories of fanciful or bawdy content, with naive or picturesque religious significance. A myth is not a story. There are many who interpret and explain myth. The fantasy doctors are applauded by the fantasy consumers. Intro. p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Matthews, Celeste Deluvia
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Art and mythology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2487 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012844
- Description: The word myth evokes the same response as Lawrence's "snake at the water-trough"; the "voice of my education said it must be killed". We do so by confining it to Classicism or any of the diciplines. Myths in Classical language are Roman or Greek stories of fanciful or bawdy content, with naive or picturesque religious significance. A myth is not a story. There are many who interpret and explain myth. The fantasy doctors are applauded by the fantasy consumers. Intro. p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
Plotinus and art
- Authors: Roome, J W
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Plotinus
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2491 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013077
- Description: Plotinua was the last great philosopher of Antiquity. He has greatly influenced philosophy, theology, mysticism and art. He became the guiding force of thought in the west. Because of his stress on the autonomy of spirit he is a precursor of modern times. He was the founder of speculative mysticism which deals with states and stages of union with the absolute. Chap. 1, p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Roome, J W
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Plotinus
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2491 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013077
- Description: Plotinua was the last great philosopher of Antiquity. He has greatly influenced philosophy, theology, mysticism and art. He became the guiding force of thought in the west. Because of his stress on the autonomy of spirit he is a precursor of modern times. He was the founder of speculative mysticism which deals with states and stages of union with the absolute. Chap. 1, p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
Poetic situation in the poetry of John Crowe Ransom
- Authors: Driver, Dorothy
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Ransom, John Crowe,1888-1974 -- Criticism and interpretation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2292 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011459 , Ransom, John Crowe,1888-1974 -- Criticism and interpretation
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Driver, Dorothy
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Ransom, John Crowe,1888-1974 -- Criticism and interpretation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2292 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011459 , Ransom, John Crowe,1888-1974 -- Criticism and interpretation
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
Remarks on formalized arithmetic and subsystems thereof
- Brink, C
- Authors: Brink, C
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Gödel, Kurt , Logic, Symbolic and mathematical , Semantics (Philosophy) , Arithmetic -- Foundations , Number theory
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5424 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009752 , Gödel, Kurt , Logic, Symbolic and mathematical , Semantics (Philosophy) , Arithmetic -- Foundations , Number theory
- Description: In a famous paper of 1931, Gödel proved that any formalization of elementary Arithmetic is incomplete, in the sense that it contains statements which are neither provable nor disprovable. Some two years before this, Presburger proved that a mutilated system of Arithmetic, employing only addition but not multiplication, is complete. This essay is partly an exposition of a system such as Presburger's, and partly an attempt to gain insight into the source of the incompleteness of Arithmetic, by linking Presburger's result with Gödel's.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Brink, C
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Gödel, Kurt , Logic, Symbolic and mathematical , Semantics (Philosophy) , Arithmetic -- Foundations , Number theory
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5424 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009752 , Gödel, Kurt , Logic, Symbolic and mathematical , Semantics (Philosophy) , Arithmetic -- Foundations , Number theory
- Description: In a famous paper of 1931, Gödel proved that any formalization of elementary Arithmetic is incomplete, in the sense that it contains statements which are neither provable nor disprovable. Some two years before this, Presburger proved that a mutilated system of Arithmetic, employing only addition but not multiplication, is complete. This essay is partly an exposition of a system such as Presburger's, and partly an attempt to gain insight into the source of the incompleteness of Arithmetic, by linking Presburger's result with Gödel's.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
The agricultural development of the 1820 settlement down to 1846
- Authors: Webb, Arthur (Arthur C M)
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Agriculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- History Agricultural colonies -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape British settlers of 1820 (South Africa) Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History -- 1795-1872
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:1060 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007519
- Description: Preface: The arrival of the 1820 Settlers in South Africa and their impact on the political and social life of the Cape Colony has been well covered by historical research. This work is an attempt to illuminate yet another area in which their impact was felt. The failure of the settlement scheme under which these people were introduced into the colony has tended to detract from the importance which agriculture played in the early years of their residence in South Africa. The failure of the first crops may well have ended the attempts by many to establish themselves on the land but for others it was the beginning of a process of adaptation to the agricultural conditions of a new country. In this they were remarkably successful and within a decade the English farming community of the eastern frontier was prospering. The theme of this work traces the progress of these farmers through the initial period of crop failures, which condemned the settlement in the eyes of many, and through the ensuing years and later misfortune, the Sixth Frontier war of 1834-35. Both these setbacks were very significant in moulding the development of agriculture as practised by these farmers. In the past, historians have tended to over-estimate the reverse suffered by these farmers during this frontier war. The seemingly paradoxical questions raised by the rapid recovery of this community after the war have been left largely unanswered. Some attempt is made in the pages which follow to shed new light on this issue. In the first three chapters of this work the letters written by Thomas Philipps to his family in Britain form the chief source of information. Much of this correspondence has already found wider publication in a volume edited by Arthur Keppel-Jones, but there are significant omissions, particularly with regard to Philipps' commentary on agricultural matters. Unfortunately, this series of letters ends in 1830, and the chief sources for the latter period of this work are the various entries made) on agricultural matters, in the Graham's Town Journal, together with the farm diary of James Collett, another frontier farmer. From these, and various other works, it has been possible to trace the major developments of this farming community.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Webb, Arthur (Arthur C M)
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Agriculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- History Agricultural colonies -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape British settlers of 1820 (South Africa) Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History -- 1795-1872
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:1060 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007519
- Description: Preface: The arrival of the 1820 Settlers in South Africa and their impact on the political and social life of the Cape Colony has been well covered by historical research. This work is an attempt to illuminate yet another area in which their impact was felt. The failure of the settlement scheme under which these people were introduced into the colony has tended to detract from the importance which agriculture played in the early years of their residence in South Africa. The failure of the first crops may well have ended the attempts by many to establish themselves on the land but for others it was the beginning of a process of adaptation to the agricultural conditions of a new country. In this they were remarkably successful and within a decade the English farming community of the eastern frontier was prospering. The theme of this work traces the progress of these farmers through the initial period of crop failures, which condemned the settlement in the eyes of many, and through the ensuing years and later misfortune, the Sixth Frontier war of 1834-35. Both these setbacks were very significant in moulding the development of agriculture as practised by these farmers. In the past, historians have tended to over-estimate the reverse suffered by these farmers during this frontier war. The seemingly paradoxical questions raised by the rapid recovery of this community after the war have been left largely unanswered. Some attempt is made in the pages which follow to shed new light on this issue. In the first three chapters of this work the letters written by Thomas Philipps to his family in Britain form the chief source of information. Much of this correspondence has already found wider publication in a volume edited by Arthur Keppel-Jones, but there are significant omissions, particularly with regard to Philipps' commentary on agricultural matters. Unfortunately, this series of letters ends in 1830, and the chief sources for the latter period of this work are the various entries made) on agricultural matters, in the Graham's Town Journal, together with the farm diary of James Collett, another frontier farmer. From these, and various other works, it has been possible to trace the major developments of this farming community.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
The development of a morphometric model for the estimation of mean annual sediment yield in ungauged catchments of South African river systems
- Authors: Roberts, Peter J T
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Sedimentation and deposition -- South Africa -- Mathematical models
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4876 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013062
- Description: Hydrologists are regularly faced with the unenviable task of having to predict the magnitude and frequency of phenomena such as floods and droughts; and rates of erosion. If long records are available for analysis the hydrologist is able to base his predictions on the premise that the pattern of variation that has been observed in the past will persist in the future. The confidence that can be placed in any estimate consequently depends to a large extent on the length of time over which the phenomena have been measured at the problem site. Unfortunately the availability of adequate records tends to be the exception rather than the rule and in areas where there is inadequate data, it is necessary to resort to the hazardous procedure of transferring information from the gauged to the ungauged catchments. The transfer of information is accomplished by using empirical methods based on regionalised parameters, but the uncertainties involved together with the economic implications that could arise from a poor estimate, prompt the hydrologist to use as many methods as possible. The need for empirical methods of estimating mean annual sediment yield in ungauged catchments was first appreciated by the author when he was involved in the estimation of design floods and sediment accumulation at sites for proposed reservoirs. Empirical methods of estimating sediment yield are frequently used in an engineering context, but little attention has been given to the catchment surface from which the sediment supply is derived. It is perhaps in this often neglected field of research that the physical geographer can make a contribution. The principal aim of the thesis, more fully discussed in Chapter I, was the development of a morphometric model which could be used to estimate mean annual sediment yield in ungauged catchments in South Africa. The data used in the development of the model were drawn from the catchments, described in Appendix A, that cover a wide range of climate and topography. A description of the approaches adopted by other researchers for the development of empirical models of estimating sediment yield which forms the background to the model has been included as Appendix B. The model was first developed in an elementary form as the focus of a research project which was documented in the form of three reports of research in progress (Roberts, 1973 a, b and c). Analysis of the pattern of variation of suspended sediment yield provided a better understanding of factors affecting sediment yield and supported the selection of the prediction variable (Horton's P ratio) which was used in the model. The concepts of network topology were utilised to gain insight into the environmental factors controlling both the P ratio and sediment yield. Reasons for the high correlation between the P ratio and sediment yield are suggested but it is felt that further research should be focused on this aspect. In order not to break the continuity and development of the steps taken in the derivation of the model details of the calculations are collected in Appendices C, D and E. While many of the figures and tables presented in the thesis appeared in technical notes prepared entirely by the author for the Department of Water Affairs, the views expressed in the thesis do not in any way, either explicitly or by implication, represent any official view or policy of the Department of Water Affairs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Roberts, Peter J T
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Sedimentation and deposition -- South Africa -- Mathematical models
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4876 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013062
- Description: Hydrologists are regularly faced with the unenviable task of having to predict the magnitude and frequency of phenomena such as floods and droughts; and rates of erosion. If long records are available for analysis the hydrologist is able to base his predictions on the premise that the pattern of variation that has been observed in the past will persist in the future. The confidence that can be placed in any estimate consequently depends to a large extent on the length of time over which the phenomena have been measured at the problem site. Unfortunately the availability of adequate records tends to be the exception rather than the rule and in areas where there is inadequate data, it is necessary to resort to the hazardous procedure of transferring information from the gauged to the ungauged catchments. The transfer of information is accomplished by using empirical methods based on regionalised parameters, but the uncertainties involved together with the economic implications that could arise from a poor estimate, prompt the hydrologist to use as many methods as possible. The need for empirical methods of estimating mean annual sediment yield in ungauged catchments was first appreciated by the author when he was involved in the estimation of design floods and sediment accumulation at sites for proposed reservoirs. Empirical methods of estimating sediment yield are frequently used in an engineering context, but little attention has been given to the catchment surface from which the sediment supply is derived. It is perhaps in this often neglected field of research that the physical geographer can make a contribution. The principal aim of the thesis, more fully discussed in Chapter I, was the development of a morphometric model which could be used to estimate mean annual sediment yield in ungauged catchments in South Africa. The data used in the development of the model were drawn from the catchments, described in Appendix A, that cover a wide range of climate and topography. A description of the approaches adopted by other researchers for the development of empirical models of estimating sediment yield which forms the background to the model has been included as Appendix B. The model was first developed in an elementary form as the focus of a research project which was documented in the form of three reports of research in progress (Roberts, 1973 a, b and c). Analysis of the pattern of variation of suspended sediment yield provided a better understanding of factors affecting sediment yield and supported the selection of the prediction variable (Horton's P ratio) which was used in the model. The concepts of network topology were utilised to gain insight into the environmental factors controlling both the P ratio and sediment yield. Reasons for the high correlation between the P ratio and sediment yield are suggested but it is felt that further research should be focused on this aspect. In order not to break the continuity and development of the steps taken in the derivation of the model details of the calculations are collected in Appendices C, D and E. While many of the figures and tables presented in the thesis appeared in technical notes prepared entirely by the author for the Department of Water Affairs, the views expressed in the thesis do not in any way, either explicitly or by implication, represent any official view or policy of the Department of Water Affairs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
The genus Sisyphus Latr. (coleoptera : scarabaeidae) in Southern Africa
- Authors: Paschalidis, Karen Margaret
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Beetles -- Africa, Southern , Scarabaeidae -- Africa, Southern
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5872 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013000
- Description: 1. Twenty four species of the genus Sisyphus known in southern Africa are listed with their synonyms and their taxonomy is discussed. 2. A key to the adults of 23 of these species is given. 3. The known distribution of 23 species and seasonal occurrence of 19 species are illustrated and briefly discussed. 4. The general biology of the genus Sisyphus is discussed and the major behavioural and biological differences between the two subgenera Sisyphus and Neosisyphus are given. 5. The laboratory and field investigation into variations in behaviour and biology in eight species occurring in the Mkuzi Game Reserve, with regards to interspecific competition, is presented. 6. The known possible natural enemies of Sisyphus are mentioned and the extent of competition from other genera, based on field and laboratory observations, is outlined. 7. Summary tables of all data with a final tabulated evaluation of the suitability of species for introduction into Australia is given. 8. Nine species have been highly recommended for Australia. Six more species could be considered but most of these still need further investigation. The remaining nine species were found to be unsuitable for transfer to Australia.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Paschalidis, Karen Margaret
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Beetles -- Africa, Southern , Scarabaeidae -- Africa, Southern
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5872 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013000
- Description: 1. Twenty four species of the genus Sisyphus known in southern Africa are listed with their synonyms and their taxonomy is discussed. 2. A key to the adults of 23 of these species is given. 3. The known distribution of 23 species and seasonal occurrence of 19 species are illustrated and briefly discussed. 4. The general biology of the genus Sisyphus is discussed and the major behavioural and biological differences between the two subgenera Sisyphus and Neosisyphus are given. 5. The laboratory and field investigation into variations in behaviour and biology in eight species occurring in the Mkuzi Game Reserve, with regards to interspecific competition, is presented. 6. The known possible natural enemies of Sisyphus are mentioned and the extent of competition from other genera, based on field and laboratory observations, is outlined. 7. Summary tables of all data with a final tabulated evaluation of the suitability of species for introduction into Australia is given. 8. Nine species have been highly recommended for Australia. Six more species could be considered but most of these still need further investigation. The remaining nine species were found to be unsuitable for transfer to Australia.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
The recruitment and ogranisation [i.e. organisation] of African labour for the Kimberley diamond mines: 1871-1888
- Authors: Siebörger, Robert Frederick
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Diamond mines and mining -- South Africa -- Kimberley , Unskilled labor -- Recruiting -- South Africa , Unskilled labor -- South Africa -- Kimberley -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2614 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013228
- Description: Behind the fortunes in diamonds, the great open mines and the teeming town that was early Kimberley, were African labourers. Diggers seemed scarcely to care about them unless they were "in short supply", and many historians have been interested only in the guns they carried home with them. This study is concerned with these men: where they came from, why and how they came, and their treatment while they worked in Kimberley. The initial inspiration for the study came from the chapter on diamond production in Sheila van der Horst's Native Labour in South Africa, a remarkable contribution to the history of the Diamond Fields. The later studies by G.V. Doxey and more recently by John Smalberger which have expanded on aspects of Van der Horst's work, have led me to delve more deeply into other areas upon which they have not touched. One potentially fruitful line of study which was beyond the scope of this work was an investigation into the degree to which the Griqualand West labour question affected the attempts at South African federation in the 1870's. The main sources for the work have been the Griqualand West archives in the Cape Archives, for the period 1872-1880, and the various Kimberley newspapers. Labour returns were printed monthly in the Griqualand West Government Gazette for most years, till 1880. Cape Blue Books were useful sources for the period after 1880. De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd. hold very little material relating to the pre-amalgamation period, though the extant minute books of the De Beers and Kimberley Central Diamond Mining Companies provided valuable information. A considerable number of contemporary published works were also consulted but, though most made some reference to African labour, few contained anything worthy of mention.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Siebörger, Robert Frederick
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Diamond mines and mining -- South Africa -- Kimberley , Unskilled labor -- Recruiting -- South Africa , Unskilled labor -- South Africa -- Kimberley -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2614 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013228
- Description: Behind the fortunes in diamonds, the great open mines and the teeming town that was early Kimberley, were African labourers. Diggers seemed scarcely to care about them unless they were "in short supply", and many historians have been interested only in the guns they carried home with them. This study is concerned with these men: where they came from, why and how they came, and their treatment while they worked in Kimberley. The initial inspiration for the study came from the chapter on diamond production in Sheila van der Horst's Native Labour in South Africa, a remarkable contribution to the history of the Diamond Fields. The later studies by G.V. Doxey and more recently by John Smalberger which have expanded on aspects of Van der Horst's work, have led me to delve more deeply into other areas upon which they have not touched. One potentially fruitful line of study which was beyond the scope of this work was an investigation into the degree to which the Griqualand West labour question affected the attempts at South African federation in the 1870's. The main sources for the work have been the Griqualand West archives in the Cape Archives, for the period 1872-1880, and the various Kimberley newspapers. Labour returns were printed monthly in the Griqualand West Government Gazette for most years, till 1880. Cape Blue Books were useful sources for the period after 1880. De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd. hold very little material relating to the pre-amalgamation period, though the extant minute books of the De Beers and Kimberley Central Diamond Mining Companies provided valuable information. A considerable number of contemporary published works were also consulted but, though most made some reference to African labour, few contained anything worthy of mention.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
The shaman and the artist: a personal enquiry
- Authors: Cull, Cleone
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Art, Shamanistic Shamans Artists
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2478 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010640
- Description: This inquiry incorporates anthropological surveys on the life and character of the shaman, some writings of the American Plains Indians, and artist's, whose life and work reflects the power/life force so integral to the beliefs of these so called primitive cultures. Since the artist cannot be separated from his environment, the actions and reactions of society have also been explored. The method of inquiry has been to establish, first, the way of the shaman, and then the way of the artist. Although each artist, reflects only certain aspects of the enquiry, there is a strong affinity in the life and works of them all.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Cull, Cleone
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Art, Shamanistic Shamans Artists
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2478 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010640
- Description: This inquiry incorporates anthropological surveys on the life and character of the shaman, some writings of the American Plains Indians, and artist's, whose life and work reflects the power/life force so integral to the beliefs of these so called primitive cultures. Since the artist cannot be separated from his environment, the actions and reactions of society have also been explored. The method of inquiry has been to establish, first, the way of the shaman, and then the way of the artist. Although each artist, reflects only certain aspects of the enquiry, there is a strong affinity in the life and works of them all.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
Twistors in curved space
- Ward, R S (Richard Samuel), 1951-
- Authors: Ward, R S (Richard Samuel), 1951-
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Twistor theory , Space and time
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5429 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013472
- Description: From the Introduction, p. 1. During the past decade, the theory of twistors has been introduced and developed, primarily by Professor Roger Penrose, as part of a long-term program aimed at resolving certain difficulties in present-day physical theory. These difficulties include, firstly, the problem of combining quantum mechanics and general relativity, and, secondly, the question of whether the concept of a continuum is at all relevant to physics. Most models of space-time used in general relativity employ the idea of a manifold consisting of a continuum of points. This feature of the models has often been criticised, on the grounds that physical observations are essentially discrete in nature; for reasons that are mathematical, rather than physical, the gaps between these observations are filled in a continuous fashion (see, for example, Schrodinger (I), pp.26-31). Although analysis (in its generally accepted form) demands that quantities should take on a continuous range of values, physics, as such,does not make such a demand. The situation in quantum mechanics is not all that much better since, although some quantities such as angular momentum can only take on certain discrete values, one still has to deal with the complex continuum of probability amplitudes. From this point of view it would be desirable to have all physical laws expressed in terms of combinatorial mathematics, rather than in terms of (standard) analysis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Ward, R S (Richard Samuel), 1951-
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Twistor theory , Space and time
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5429 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013472
- Description: From the Introduction, p. 1. During the past decade, the theory of twistors has been introduced and developed, primarily by Professor Roger Penrose, as part of a long-term program aimed at resolving certain difficulties in present-day physical theory. These difficulties include, firstly, the problem of combining quantum mechanics and general relativity, and, secondly, the question of whether the concept of a continuum is at all relevant to physics. Most models of space-time used in general relativity employ the idea of a manifold consisting of a continuum of points. This feature of the models has often been criticised, on the grounds that physical observations are essentially discrete in nature; for reasons that are mathematical, rather than physical, the gaps between these observations are filled in a continuous fashion (see, for example, Schrodinger (I), pp.26-31). Although analysis (in its generally accepted form) demands that quantities should take on a continuous range of values, physics, as such,does not make such a demand. The situation in quantum mechanics is not all that much better since, although some quantities such as angular momentum can only take on certain discrete values, one still has to deal with the complex continuum of probability amplitudes. From this point of view it would be desirable to have all physical laws expressed in terms of combinatorial mathematics, rather than in terms of (standard) analysis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
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