Determinants of managers' attitudes toward employing people with disabilities in small and medium enterprises in Nkonkobe Municipality
- Ntunzi, Bulelwa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1068-3672
- Authors: Ntunzi, Bulelwa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1068-3672
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Discrimination against people with disabilities--South Africa , Discrimination in employment--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24857 , vital:63662
- Description: In regard to employment, people with disabilities are discriminated. Unfavourable employer attitudes result in discrimination toward people with disabilities. Entering and progressing in employment create a sense of independency, responsibility and build the self-esteem of people with disabilities. This study sought to determine the influence of individualism-collectivism and demographic factors (age, gender, and level of education) of managers’ attitudes toward employing people with disabilities in small and medium enterprises in Nkonkobe Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province. The social and medical model of disability provided a framework for understanding the literature on attitudes toward people with disabilities. Data was collected from 110 respondents in small and medium enterprises using two scales (Individualism-collectivism Scale and Employer Attitudes toward People with Disabilities Scale). Independent t-tests were used to test each of the hypotheses in the study and ANOVA was used for comparisons among variables. No significant differences found in attitudes on individualistic and collectivistic oriented managers toward employing people with disabilities. In addition, no significant differences in attitudes of managers over age, gender and level of education toward employing people with disabilities in small and medium enterprises. People with disabilities can be a benefit to the organisations since their skills and talents can help the organisations to remain stable in the competitive global environment. , Thesis (MCom (IPS)) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2014
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Ntunzi, Bulelwa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1068-3672
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Discrimination against people with disabilities--South Africa , Discrimination in employment--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24857 , vital:63662
- Description: In regard to employment, people with disabilities are discriminated. Unfavourable employer attitudes result in discrimination toward people with disabilities. Entering and progressing in employment create a sense of independency, responsibility and build the self-esteem of people with disabilities. This study sought to determine the influence of individualism-collectivism and demographic factors (age, gender, and level of education) of managers’ attitudes toward employing people with disabilities in small and medium enterprises in Nkonkobe Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province. The social and medical model of disability provided a framework for understanding the literature on attitudes toward people with disabilities. Data was collected from 110 respondents in small and medium enterprises using two scales (Individualism-collectivism Scale and Employer Attitudes toward People with Disabilities Scale). Independent t-tests were used to test each of the hypotheses in the study and ANOVA was used for comparisons among variables. No significant differences found in attitudes on individualistic and collectivistic oriented managers toward employing people with disabilities. In addition, no significant differences in attitudes of managers over age, gender and level of education toward employing people with disabilities in small and medium enterprises. People with disabilities can be a benefit to the organisations since their skills and talents can help the organisations to remain stable in the competitive global environment. , Thesis (MCom (IPS)) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2014
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Detriments associated with substance abuse among out - of - school youth in Ntselamanzi, village, Alice Town
- Authors: Chatikobo, Nyasha
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Substance abuse--South Africa--Eastern Cape , Drug abuse--South Africa--Eastern Cape , Youth--Substance use--South Africa--Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19442 , vital:43087
- Description: The main aim of the study was to investigate the detriments associated with substance abuse among the out- of- school youth of Ntselamanzi Village in Alice. This study intended to achieve the following objectives. (i) to establish the causes of increased indulgence in substance abuse in Ntselamanzi village, Eastern Cape. (ii) to identify the various kinds of drugs abused by the society of Ntselamanzi (iii) to identify the consequences of substance abuse to the lives of the out-of-school youth. (iv) to suggest the strategies that can be used to reduce substance abuse in order to enhance the youth‟s socio-economic growth and societal bliss. Using the quantitative method ninety-eight questionnaires were administered to the out-of-school youth in Ntselamanzi village and eighty questionnaires were returned fully answered. The major findings of the study outlined that dominating factors of substance abuse in Ntselamanzi village were family drug use, increased drug accessibility, lack of recreation and peer influence. As a result drug abuse among the out of school youth has indicated that the youth end up dropping out of school, unemployed, facing health complications and committing anti-social activities in the village which causing family conflicts and rifts in the community. These all affected the out-of-school youths‟ well-being, academic future and their quality of life was lowered due to all related issues with drug abuse. It can be concluded that drug use among rural outof-school youth is detrimental to the out-of-school youths, their families destroyed and their community crippled from the anti-social activities that take place. The future of the youths‟ education is hampered; the quality of persons in the community and families is lowered. Having unproductive out-of-school youth as a result of drug abuse is not good for the development of the village and all the persons therein. , Thesis (M Soc Sc) (Social Work) -- University of Fort Hare, 2015
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Chatikobo, Nyasha
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Substance abuse--South Africa--Eastern Cape , Drug abuse--South Africa--Eastern Cape , Youth--Substance use--South Africa--Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19442 , vital:43087
- Description: The main aim of the study was to investigate the detriments associated with substance abuse among the out- of- school youth of Ntselamanzi Village in Alice. This study intended to achieve the following objectives. (i) to establish the causes of increased indulgence in substance abuse in Ntselamanzi village, Eastern Cape. (ii) to identify the various kinds of drugs abused by the society of Ntselamanzi (iii) to identify the consequences of substance abuse to the lives of the out-of-school youth. (iv) to suggest the strategies that can be used to reduce substance abuse in order to enhance the youth‟s socio-economic growth and societal bliss. Using the quantitative method ninety-eight questionnaires were administered to the out-of-school youth in Ntselamanzi village and eighty questionnaires were returned fully answered. The major findings of the study outlined that dominating factors of substance abuse in Ntselamanzi village were family drug use, increased drug accessibility, lack of recreation and peer influence. As a result drug abuse among the out of school youth has indicated that the youth end up dropping out of school, unemployed, facing health complications and committing anti-social activities in the village which causing family conflicts and rifts in the community. These all affected the out-of-school youths‟ well-being, academic future and their quality of life was lowered due to all related issues with drug abuse. It can be concluded that drug use among rural outof-school youth is detrimental to the out-of-school youths, their families destroyed and their community crippled from the anti-social activities that take place. The future of the youths‟ education is hampered; the quality of persons in the community and families is lowered. Having unproductive out-of-school youth as a result of drug abuse is not good for the development of the village and all the persons therein. , Thesis (M Soc Sc) (Social Work) -- University of Fort Hare, 2015
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Dietary preference and perceptions of the health implications: A qualitative study on perspectives from outpatients and health care providers at Nontyatyambo Community Health Centre, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Chocko, Ronnie J A V
- Date: 2022-08
- Subjects: Diet , Nutrition
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26764 , vital:65990
- Description: Introduction and background. Poor dietary choices are resulting in an increase of mortality and morbidity rates globally. Epidemiological studies reveal that diets high in animal-sourced foods (ASF) lead to an increased risk of developing cardio-metabolic diseases (CMD). On the other hand, plant-based foods (PBF) have been shown to reduce this risk. Making well informed dietary choices plays an important role in reducing the burden of these diseases. To this end, this study further explores the role that diet plays in maintaining good health by exploring current dietary preferences, perceptions of the health implications of these dietary choices and perceptions of the benefits of PBFs vs ASFs of people in a local South African context. Methodology. This qualitative study was conducted at Nontyatyambo Community Health Centre, Mdantansane, Buffalo City Metropolitan district in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. A sample of 42 participants was enrolled for the study. A question/interview guide was used to collect data through key-in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Two audio recorders were used to record the verbal responses of participants. The recorded interviews were transcribed and translated to English. The transcribed data was systematically and thematically analyzed. Results. It was found that all participants in this study were following an omnivorous dietary pattern. A number of participants expressed that they did not like vegetables. In this study, most participants felt that PBFs were healthier than ASFs. Even though they felt PBFs were healthier, none followed exclusively plant-based diet. Conclusion. Transforming dietary patterns to contain more plant-based foods may be a critical factor in reversing harmful effects on public health and the environment. This calls for urgent public health intervention to improve nutritional uptake as a strategy to reduce potential CMD. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-08
- Authors: Chocko, Ronnie J A V
- Date: 2022-08
- Subjects: Diet , Nutrition
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26764 , vital:65990
- Description: Introduction and background. Poor dietary choices are resulting in an increase of mortality and morbidity rates globally. Epidemiological studies reveal that diets high in animal-sourced foods (ASF) lead to an increased risk of developing cardio-metabolic diseases (CMD). On the other hand, plant-based foods (PBF) have been shown to reduce this risk. Making well informed dietary choices plays an important role in reducing the burden of these diseases. To this end, this study further explores the role that diet plays in maintaining good health by exploring current dietary preferences, perceptions of the health implications of these dietary choices and perceptions of the benefits of PBFs vs ASFs of people in a local South African context. Methodology. This qualitative study was conducted at Nontyatyambo Community Health Centre, Mdantansane, Buffalo City Metropolitan district in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. A sample of 42 participants was enrolled for the study. A question/interview guide was used to collect data through key-in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Two audio recorders were used to record the verbal responses of participants. The recorded interviews were transcribed and translated to English. The transcribed data was systematically and thematically analyzed. Results. It was found that all participants in this study were following an omnivorous dietary pattern. A number of participants expressed that they did not like vegetables. In this study, most participants felt that PBFs were healthier than ASFs. Even though they felt PBFs were healthier, none followed exclusively plant-based diet. Conclusion. Transforming dietary patterns to contain more plant-based foods may be a critical factor in reversing harmful effects on public health and the environment. This calls for urgent public health intervention to improve nutritional uptake as a strategy to reduce potential CMD. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-08
Disquieting high school learners’ indiscipline behaviour: A systematic review exploring the impact of learner indiscipline on learning and teacher’s impetus
- Vuyolwetu Soni https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7306-0368
- Authors: Vuyolwetu Soni https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7306-0368
- Date: 2022-03
- Subjects: High school students -- Conduct of life , School discipline
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23829 , vital:60913
- Description: High school teachers in South Africa have been voicing out their distress to the government, caused by the indiscipline of learners. The indiscipline became evident after the South African government scrapped punitive behaviour modification methods such as corporal punishment. Although the government had introduced alternative forms of behaviour modification, the teachers still maintain that these are not effective hence the rife indiscipline behaviour among high school learners. This study reviewed 14 articles on the impact of the alternative forms of punishment on high school learners’ indiscipline and the teachers’ motivation. Further, the studies highlight several factors involved in developing the learners’ indiscipline. This review indicates that high school learners’ indiscipline continues to be rife in South African schools and negatively affects high school teachers’ motivation. This is regardless of the government's introduction of alternative forms of punishment. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-03
- Authors: Vuyolwetu Soni https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7306-0368
- Date: 2022-03
- Subjects: High school students -- Conduct of life , School discipline
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23829 , vital:60913
- Description: High school teachers in South Africa have been voicing out their distress to the government, caused by the indiscipline of learners. The indiscipline became evident after the South African government scrapped punitive behaviour modification methods such as corporal punishment. Although the government had introduced alternative forms of behaviour modification, the teachers still maintain that these are not effective hence the rife indiscipline behaviour among high school learners. This study reviewed 14 articles on the impact of the alternative forms of punishment on high school learners’ indiscipline and the teachers’ motivation. Further, the studies highlight several factors involved in developing the learners’ indiscipline. This review indicates that high school learners’ indiscipline continues to be rife in South African schools and negatively affects high school teachers’ motivation. This is regardless of the government's introduction of alternative forms of punishment. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-03
Distribution of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in irrigation water, drinking water troughs, dairy wastewater and rectal swabs from three dairy farms in Amathole district municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Myataza, Asive https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5483-122X
- Authors: Myataza, Asive https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5483-122X
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Escherichia coli O157:H7 , Irrigation water
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24150 , vital:62397
- Description: Escherichia coli belongs to the genus Escherichia which has five species, including E. hermanii, E. fergusonii, E. vulneris, E. blattae and E. coli (Willshaw et al., 2001). Some E. coli strains are pathogenic, and such strains are differentiated into different pathotypes based on the virulence factors they possess, mechanisms of pathogenesis, clinical manifestation and serotyping of their somatic, flagella and capsule (O, H and K) antigens; while some are nonpathogenic (Dikobe et al., 2011). These strains have been grouped into major pathotypes namely: enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC), enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) and neonatal meningitis E.coli (NMEC) (Willshaw et al., 2001; Villegas-sepulveda et al., 2003; Kaper et al., 2004; Bugarel et al., 2011). Members of EPEC pathotype are Shiga-toxin producing (STEC) organisms, with E. coli O157:H7 serotype being recognized as the most frequent STEC serotype linked to diseases in human (Barkocy-Gallagher et al., 2001; Coombes et al., 2011; Dikobe et al., 2011; Jacob et al., 2013). E. coli O157:H7 is the major cause of haemorrhagic diarrhoea and haemolytic uremic syndrome (UHS) in humans, due to the production of Shiga-toxins that are similar to Shigella toxins (Villegas-sepulveda et al., 2003; Ngwa et al., 2013). These toxins are coded by genes which allow them to penetrate small intestines of human and animals (Chern et al., 2011). Dairy products and cattle are the major reservoirs of haemorrhagic E. coli O157: H7 (Elder et al., 2000; Elmali et al., 2005; Ayaz et al., 2014). Haemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 is carried mostly in the gastrointestinal tracts of cows and other ruminants (Gun et al., 2003)and it is transmitted through ingestion of contaminated food and water, or through direct and indirect contact with infected cows and other ruminants and/or via a person to person transmission (Lahti et al., 2003). Almost 70percent of countries in the world use poorly treated water for irrigation; this is inclusive of developing countries, which lack well developed means of adequate water treatment due to unavailable financial resources (Gerba et al., 2011). Most communities in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa are rural with poor water supply with majority of them relying on ground and surface waters that are impacted by insufficiently treated municipal water (which may harbour many pathogens) for domestic purposes (Ateba et al., 2008). Cows may contaminate drinking, recreational and irrigation waters with faecal matters or through direct contact with water (Solomon et al., 2002; Chern et al., 2011). A number of countries with water shortage tend to use insufficiently treated water for irrigation, leading to further contamination of irrigated crops (Fatoki et al., 2001). This has all resulted to elevated levels of E. coli O157:H7 related disease outbreaks and deaths of humans (Olsen et al., 2002). , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2016
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Myataza, Asive https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5483-122X
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Escherichia coli O157:H7 , Irrigation water
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24150 , vital:62397
- Description: Escherichia coli belongs to the genus Escherichia which has five species, including E. hermanii, E. fergusonii, E. vulneris, E. blattae and E. coli (Willshaw et al., 2001). Some E. coli strains are pathogenic, and such strains are differentiated into different pathotypes based on the virulence factors they possess, mechanisms of pathogenesis, clinical manifestation and serotyping of their somatic, flagella and capsule (O, H and K) antigens; while some are nonpathogenic (Dikobe et al., 2011). These strains have been grouped into major pathotypes namely: enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC), enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) and neonatal meningitis E.coli (NMEC) (Willshaw et al., 2001; Villegas-sepulveda et al., 2003; Kaper et al., 2004; Bugarel et al., 2011). Members of EPEC pathotype are Shiga-toxin producing (STEC) organisms, with E. coli O157:H7 serotype being recognized as the most frequent STEC serotype linked to diseases in human (Barkocy-Gallagher et al., 2001; Coombes et al., 2011; Dikobe et al., 2011; Jacob et al., 2013). E. coli O157:H7 is the major cause of haemorrhagic diarrhoea and haemolytic uremic syndrome (UHS) in humans, due to the production of Shiga-toxins that are similar to Shigella toxins (Villegas-sepulveda et al., 2003; Ngwa et al., 2013). These toxins are coded by genes which allow them to penetrate small intestines of human and animals (Chern et al., 2011). Dairy products and cattle are the major reservoirs of haemorrhagic E. coli O157: H7 (Elder et al., 2000; Elmali et al., 2005; Ayaz et al., 2014). Haemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 is carried mostly in the gastrointestinal tracts of cows and other ruminants (Gun et al., 2003)and it is transmitted through ingestion of contaminated food and water, or through direct and indirect contact with infected cows and other ruminants and/or via a person to person transmission (Lahti et al., 2003). Almost 70percent of countries in the world use poorly treated water for irrigation; this is inclusive of developing countries, which lack well developed means of adequate water treatment due to unavailable financial resources (Gerba et al., 2011). Most communities in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa are rural with poor water supply with majority of them relying on ground and surface waters that are impacted by insufficiently treated municipal water (which may harbour many pathogens) for domestic purposes (Ateba et al., 2008). Cows may contaminate drinking, recreational and irrigation waters with faecal matters or through direct contact with water (Solomon et al., 2002; Chern et al., 2011). A number of countries with water shortage tend to use insufficiently treated water for irrigation, leading to further contamination of irrigated crops (Fatoki et al., 2001). This has all resulted to elevated levels of E. coli O157:H7 related disease outbreaks and deaths of humans (Olsen et al., 2002). , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2016
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Do budget deficits crowd out private investment?: an analysis of the South African Economy
- Authors: Biza, Rumbidzai Aimee
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Individual investors -- South Africa , Budget deficits -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24956 , vital:63750
- Description: This dissertation investigates whether budget deficits crowd out or crowd in private investment in South Africa, using quarterly South African data covering the period 1994 to 2009. South Africa has been experiencing unprecedented budget deficits since the 1960s and the study investigates how this has impacted on the country’s private investment demand. An empirical model linking private investment to its theoretical variables is specified and used to assess the quantitative effects of budget deficits on private investment. This study augments the co-integration and vector auto-regression (VAR) analysis with impulse response and variance decomposition analyses to provide robust long run and short run dynamic effects on private investment. The variables have been found to have a long run relationship with private investment. Results suggest that budget deficits significantly crowds out private investment. These results corroborate the theoretical predictions and are also supported by previous studies. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Biza, Rumbidzai Aimee
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Individual investors -- South Africa , Budget deficits -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24956 , vital:63750
- Description: This dissertation investigates whether budget deficits crowd out or crowd in private investment in South Africa, using quarterly South African data covering the period 1994 to 2009. South Africa has been experiencing unprecedented budget deficits since the 1960s and the study investigates how this has impacted on the country’s private investment demand. An empirical model linking private investment to its theoretical variables is specified and used to assess the quantitative effects of budget deficits on private investment. This study augments the co-integration and vector auto-regression (VAR) analysis with impulse response and variance decomposition analyses to provide robust long run and short run dynamic effects on private investment. The variables have been found to have a long run relationship with private investment. Results suggest that budget deficits significantly crowds out private investment. These results corroborate the theoretical predictions and are also supported by previous studies. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
Dualistic role of the Employee Relations Office and its influence on labour relations at the University of Fort Hare
- Authors: Mnqayi, Leon M
- Date: 2021-12
- Subjects: Industrial relations--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23416 , vital:57729
- Description: Employee relations are important for the success of any organisation. Maintaining healthy cordial employee relations usually involves creating understanding and harmony between the employees and the employer. However, due to several dynamics within the work environment, employee relations become complex. The employee relations unit in the human resources management department is tasked with handling this complex situation by dealing with different grievances in organisations. In this regard, in organisations like the University of Fort Hare, the employee relations office represents both the employees and employer. The dualistic role assumed by the employee relations office is associated with several challenges, such as employees not trusting the employee relations office. The employee relations office is deemed to be safeguarding the interests of the management, which complicates employee relations at the university. Therefore, this study sought to explore perceptions on the dualistic role of the employee relations office and its influence on labour relations at the University of Fort Hare. The study utilised a qualitative research methodology to find out perceptions of participants on the dualistic role of the employee relations office and its influence on labour relations at the University of Fort Hare. The research used semi-structured interviews to collect data. The participants were purposively selected from the University of Fort Hare. The Human Relations Theory was used as the main theory, and it provided underpinning arguments regarding employee relations at the University of Fort Hare. The data gathered were thematically analysed. The main findings revealed that there are fragmented employee relations at the university, mainly due to lack of clarity about the standard working conditions that should be expected and that are acceptable by the university. Furthermore, the study also established that the employee relations office is largely seen as biased against employees and seems to favour employers most of the times, leading to disputes being taken to an external party. Based on these findings, the study recommends that to improve objectivity, the employee relations office can create an oversight team that independently provides insights on specific issues faced by employees and management. Improving objectivity should include making decisions based on facts or data, focusing on the vision and mission of the institution, increasing the ratio of positive against negative feedback, improving on transparency during decision-making and the creation of an anonymous human resources engagement system. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-12
- Authors: Mnqayi, Leon M
- Date: 2021-12
- Subjects: Industrial relations--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23416 , vital:57729
- Description: Employee relations are important for the success of any organisation. Maintaining healthy cordial employee relations usually involves creating understanding and harmony between the employees and the employer. However, due to several dynamics within the work environment, employee relations become complex. The employee relations unit in the human resources management department is tasked with handling this complex situation by dealing with different grievances in organisations. In this regard, in organisations like the University of Fort Hare, the employee relations office represents both the employees and employer. The dualistic role assumed by the employee relations office is associated with several challenges, such as employees not trusting the employee relations office. The employee relations office is deemed to be safeguarding the interests of the management, which complicates employee relations at the university. Therefore, this study sought to explore perceptions on the dualistic role of the employee relations office and its influence on labour relations at the University of Fort Hare. The study utilised a qualitative research methodology to find out perceptions of participants on the dualistic role of the employee relations office and its influence on labour relations at the University of Fort Hare. The research used semi-structured interviews to collect data. The participants were purposively selected from the University of Fort Hare. The Human Relations Theory was used as the main theory, and it provided underpinning arguments regarding employee relations at the University of Fort Hare. The data gathered were thematically analysed. The main findings revealed that there are fragmented employee relations at the university, mainly due to lack of clarity about the standard working conditions that should be expected and that are acceptable by the university. Furthermore, the study also established that the employee relations office is largely seen as biased against employees and seems to favour employers most of the times, leading to disputes being taken to an external party. Based on these findings, the study recommends that to improve objectivity, the employee relations office can create an oversight team that independently provides insights on specific issues faced by employees and management. Improving objectivity should include making decisions based on facts or data, focusing on the vision and mission of the institution, increasing the ratio of positive against negative feedback, improving on transparency during decision-making and the creation of an anonymous human resources engagement system. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-12
Dynamics of deviant behaviour among school learners: A case of selected boy’s high school in the Eastern Cape Province
- Ngwane, Lwando https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-6404-899X
- Authors: Ngwane, Lwando https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-6404-899X
- Date: 2021-06
- Subjects: Deviant behavior
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21015 , vital:46894
- Description: Deviant behaviour within the school setting poses a threat to the physical and social survival of individuals. Therefore, this study explored the dynamics of deviant behaviour among school learners in a selected boy’s high school in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. The study had the central aim of achieving the following specific objectives: (i) identify factors contributing to deviant behaviour among school learners, (ii) ascertain consequences of deviant behaviour among school learners, and (iii) establish preventative measures that should be employed to address deviant behaviour among school learners in a selected boy’s high school in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. The study utilised a qualitative research approach and a qualitative research paradigm in the form of case study research design. In terms of data collection, the study applied an in-depth one-on-one interviews and focus group discussions. Furthermore, the study employed non-probability sampling, specifically snowball sampling, and sampled twenty (20) participants. These comprised ten (10) learners, three (3) Life Orientation (LO) teachers and seven (7) key informants (School Governing Body (SGB) members and the school principal). In addition, the study employed a qualitative data analysis approach, with data being analysed thematically. The study established that there is no single cause of deviant behaviour among school learners but a series of distinct factors contributing towards deviant behaviour in various ways, such as use of drugs, low self-esteem, poor upbringing, and poor academic performance. Other factors included negative peer group influence, social media, and lack of self-discipline as well as lack of moral values and negative self-concept. The study concludes that through implementation of awareness campaigns, deviance policy, educational programmes, sport and recreational activities, safety and security, and social and behavioural change programmes, deviant behaviour can be addressed at school. Furthermore, it can be concluded that good behaviour among learners are central to effective teaching and learning at school; therefore, this should be inculcated in the learners. In light of the above findings, the Department of Education (DoE), policy makers, and school administrators should ensure that schools are provided with adequate facilities for teaching and learning, sports and recreational activities as well as information communication technologies and internet connectivity. School principals, members of School Governing Bodies (SGBs), teachers and parents should reduce deviant behaviour though increased supervision. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-06
- Authors: Ngwane, Lwando https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-6404-899X
- Date: 2021-06
- Subjects: Deviant behavior
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21015 , vital:46894
- Description: Deviant behaviour within the school setting poses a threat to the physical and social survival of individuals. Therefore, this study explored the dynamics of deviant behaviour among school learners in a selected boy’s high school in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. The study had the central aim of achieving the following specific objectives: (i) identify factors contributing to deviant behaviour among school learners, (ii) ascertain consequences of deviant behaviour among school learners, and (iii) establish preventative measures that should be employed to address deviant behaviour among school learners in a selected boy’s high school in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. The study utilised a qualitative research approach and a qualitative research paradigm in the form of case study research design. In terms of data collection, the study applied an in-depth one-on-one interviews and focus group discussions. Furthermore, the study employed non-probability sampling, specifically snowball sampling, and sampled twenty (20) participants. These comprised ten (10) learners, three (3) Life Orientation (LO) teachers and seven (7) key informants (School Governing Body (SGB) members and the school principal). In addition, the study employed a qualitative data analysis approach, with data being analysed thematically. The study established that there is no single cause of deviant behaviour among school learners but a series of distinct factors contributing towards deviant behaviour in various ways, such as use of drugs, low self-esteem, poor upbringing, and poor academic performance. Other factors included negative peer group influence, social media, and lack of self-discipline as well as lack of moral values and negative self-concept. The study concludes that through implementation of awareness campaigns, deviance policy, educational programmes, sport and recreational activities, safety and security, and social and behavioural change programmes, deviant behaviour can be addressed at school. Furthermore, it can be concluded that good behaviour among learners are central to effective teaching and learning at school; therefore, this should be inculcated in the learners. In light of the above findings, the Department of Education (DoE), policy makers, and school administrators should ensure that schools are provided with adequate facilities for teaching and learning, sports and recreational activities as well as information communication technologies and internet connectivity. School principals, members of School Governing Bodies (SGBs), teachers and parents should reduce deviant behaviour though increased supervision. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-06
Eastern Cape students’ barriers to well-being and academic success in higher education: A photovoice study
- Authors: Dilley, Jessica
- Date: 2020-02
- Subjects: Education, Higher , Educational change -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20949 , vital:46862
- Description: The contemporary educational landscape in South Africa is characterised by prevailing inequities and disparities within higher education institutions and poor academic achievement. Although participation in higher education has increased over time, many students do not complete their courses within the required time and a high proportion of students continue to drop out, with few students progressing to postgraduate level. Majority of students who do not complete their courses are poor. Many students are faced with a number of barriers that stand in the way of academic success and, ultimately, graduation. However, through agency students often draw from a range of supports to promote their well-being and academic success. This study aims to balance the literature by investigating not only the barriers, but also the supports to success in university. This study addresses the notion that students from historically black universities are underrepresented in the literature. The current study explored Eastern Cape students’ barriers and supports to success within higher education. Five undergraduate female students participated in focus groups, which incorporated photovoice, adding to the participative nature of the research methodology. Focus group data were subjected to thematic analysis, informed by social constructionist theory. Three themes were prevalent: barriers within higher education, coping strategies positioned on a continuum and supports in higher education. Descriptions revealed that barriers and supports are reinforced by prevailing discourses, which are critiqued and/or used for the benefit of the students’ well-being. Barriers were limiting, yet also sites for personal growth and agency, whilst the engagement with supports was mediated predominantly by the intersection of social categories (race, gender, socio-economic status) occupied by students. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2020
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-02
- Authors: Dilley, Jessica
- Date: 2020-02
- Subjects: Education, Higher , Educational change -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20949 , vital:46862
- Description: The contemporary educational landscape in South Africa is characterised by prevailing inequities and disparities within higher education institutions and poor academic achievement. Although participation in higher education has increased over time, many students do not complete their courses within the required time and a high proportion of students continue to drop out, with few students progressing to postgraduate level. Majority of students who do not complete their courses are poor. Many students are faced with a number of barriers that stand in the way of academic success and, ultimately, graduation. However, through agency students often draw from a range of supports to promote their well-being and academic success. This study aims to balance the literature by investigating not only the barriers, but also the supports to success in university. This study addresses the notion that students from historically black universities are underrepresented in the literature. The current study explored Eastern Cape students’ barriers and supports to success within higher education. Five undergraduate female students participated in focus groups, which incorporated photovoice, adding to the participative nature of the research methodology. Focus group data were subjected to thematic analysis, informed by social constructionist theory. Three themes were prevalent: barriers within higher education, coping strategies positioned on a continuum and supports in higher education. Descriptions revealed that barriers and supports are reinforced by prevailing discourses, which are critiqued and/or used for the benefit of the students’ well-being. Barriers were limiting, yet also sites for personal growth and agency, whilst the engagement with supports was mediated predominantly by the intersection of social categories (race, gender, socio-economic status) occupied by students. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2020
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-02
Econometric determinants of liquidity of the South African bond market
- Mingiri, Kapingura Forget https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5808-5612
- Authors: Mingiri, Kapingura Forget https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5808-5612
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Economic indicators , Economic forecasting -- Africa , Bond market
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26346 , vital:65243
- Description: The importance of the bond market to the financial system and broader economy of a country cannot be underestimated. It is important to analyse factors which determine liquidity in this essential market. This study seeks to establish the determinants of liquidity in the South African bond market using monthly data covering the period 1995 to 2009. It begins by providing an updated overview of the South African bond market and an analysis of the relevant literature. Two models linking bond market liquidity to its theoretical determinants were specified. In contrast to the available literature, this study analyses liquidity at both macroeconomic and market microstructure level using two measures of liquidity, volume and the bid-ask spread, applying the VAR approach and two-stage least squares for robust check. All macroeconomic variables (except stock market) were identified to have an impact on bond market liquidity in the long-run. As far as market microstructure factors are concerned, both volume and volatility were established to be important determinants of liquidity in the South African bond market. The study recommended that, as for macroeconomic factors, authorities should keep inflation at low and stables levels as well as a stable currency. Also, offering bond investors certain facilities and the removal of restrictions on foreign investor activities are other important conditions to improve bond market liquidity. As far as market microstructure factors are concerned, we suggest that, ways to safe-guard against excessive volatility include the creation of a vibrant derivative market, development of a more active and well-functioning repurchase market./ , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2010
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
- Authors: Mingiri, Kapingura Forget https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5808-5612
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Economic indicators , Economic forecasting -- Africa , Bond market
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26346 , vital:65243
- Description: The importance of the bond market to the financial system and broader economy of a country cannot be underestimated. It is important to analyse factors which determine liquidity in this essential market. This study seeks to establish the determinants of liquidity in the South African bond market using monthly data covering the period 1995 to 2009. It begins by providing an updated overview of the South African bond market and an analysis of the relevant literature. Two models linking bond market liquidity to its theoretical determinants were specified. In contrast to the available literature, this study analyses liquidity at both macroeconomic and market microstructure level using two measures of liquidity, volume and the bid-ask spread, applying the VAR approach and two-stage least squares for robust check. All macroeconomic variables (except stock market) were identified to have an impact on bond market liquidity in the long-run. As far as market microstructure factors are concerned, both volume and volatility were established to be important determinants of liquidity in the South African bond market. The study recommended that, as for macroeconomic factors, authorities should keep inflation at low and stables levels as well as a stable currency. Also, offering bond investors certain facilities and the removal of restrictions on foreign investor activities are other important conditions to improve bond market liquidity. As far as market microstructure factors are concerned, we suggest that, ways to safe-guard against excessive volatility include the creation of a vibrant derivative market, development of a more active and well-functioning repurchase market./ , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2010
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
Educators and learners perceptions on english first additional language speakers use of english as medium of instruction
- Authors: Nqoma, Lungiswa
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: English language -- Study and teaching , English language
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24934 , vital:63678
- Description: This study investigates Educators‟ and learners‟ perceptions on English first additional language speakers‟ use of English as medium of instruction in two primary schools in the East London District. The study made use of a qualitative research method which includes interviews, observation and document analysis (learners‟ books). The uncovered data is analyzed against the background of the socio-economic and historical factors that led to this medium of instruction using content analysis (CA). After the apartheid regime in 1994 and the formation of a new government in 1996, the South African Constitution declared 11 languages in an attempt to encourage multilingualism in the country with each province having its provincial language policy. In the Eastern Cape where the study is conducted the language policy recognizes Xhosa, English, and Afrikaans as the official languages with English as the medium of instruction especially at the intermediate phase. The theoretical and conceptual framework for the study is provided by studies on language policy and planning, English as an international language, and Language as a mediating tool. The findings of the study indicate the crucial role that language of instruction plays in teaching and learning. However, challenges arise when the language of instruction is not the mother tongue. The study indicates dissatisfaction in the use of EMOI as a result of inadequate proficiency in the language of instruction, school environment, lack of resources; and lack of parental support. As a result of the above, some educators resorted to code switching when teaching. Hence, the study sheds light on EFAL learner‟s perspective on both comprehension and the level of educator‟s English skills and whether there is a connection between these two aspects. This resulted to conceivable methods that could be used to improve learner performance, teaching and learning methods and the efficiency of East London District support system. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, 2015
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Nqoma, Lungiswa
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: English language -- Study and teaching , English language
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24934 , vital:63678
- Description: This study investigates Educators‟ and learners‟ perceptions on English first additional language speakers‟ use of English as medium of instruction in two primary schools in the East London District. The study made use of a qualitative research method which includes interviews, observation and document analysis (learners‟ books). The uncovered data is analyzed against the background of the socio-economic and historical factors that led to this medium of instruction using content analysis (CA). After the apartheid regime in 1994 and the formation of a new government in 1996, the South African Constitution declared 11 languages in an attempt to encourage multilingualism in the country with each province having its provincial language policy. In the Eastern Cape where the study is conducted the language policy recognizes Xhosa, English, and Afrikaans as the official languages with English as the medium of instruction especially at the intermediate phase. The theoretical and conceptual framework for the study is provided by studies on language policy and planning, English as an international language, and Language as a mediating tool. The findings of the study indicate the crucial role that language of instruction plays in teaching and learning. However, challenges arise when the language of instruction is not the mother tongue. The study indicates dissatisfaction in the use of EMOI as a result of inadequate proficiency in the language of instruction, school environment, lack of resources; and lack of parental support. As a result of the above, some educators resorted to code switching when teaching. Hence, the study sheds light on EFAL learner‟s perspective on both comprehension and the level of educator‟s English skills and whether there is a connection between these two aspects. This resulted to conceivable methods that could be used to improve learner performance, teaching and learning methods and the efficiency of East London District support system. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, 2015
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Effect of different fat levels and Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) inclusion on proximate composition, fatty acid profile, lipid oxidation, and sensory attributes of chicken droëwors
- Authors: Tembela, Nelisiwe
- Date: 2020-11
- Subjects: Moringa oleifera , Meat--Quality , Broilers (Chickens)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20893 , vital:46709
- Description: The objective of the study was to determine the effect of different fat levels and Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MLM) inclusion on sensory attributes (aroma, meat flavour, spicy flavour, texture, colour, and saltiness), lipid oxidation, proximate composition, and fatty acid (FA) profile of chicken droëwors. Firstly, sensory attributes of chicken droëwors with different levels of fat and that of Moringa oleifera leaf meal were determined. In the second experiment, the effect of different fat and MLM inclusion levels on lipid oxidation during drying and storage, proximate composition, and fatty acid profile were also determined. A forty randomly selected consumers of different gender and age were used as the sensory panel. 75 percent of lean chicken meat and 25 percent of chicken fat was used during droëwors preparation. Thereafter, 9 treatments of chicken droëwors were produced, with MLM included either at 0 percent, 0.25 percent, 0.5 percent, and fat included at 10 percent and 15 percent. For fatty acid profile, the total lipid from dry sausage of all treatments was quantitatively extracted using chloroform and methanol in a ratio of 2:1. Lipid oxidation was measured by analyzing thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) at intervals during drying (0, 0.25, 0.5, 72h) and after 7 days of storage under ambient conditions. The results showed that consumers like the chicken droëwors when 0.5 percent MLM added to the product. The inclusion of MLM in chicken droëwors had a positive effect on consumer sensory. The results of the study demonstrated that chicken droëwors contained a significantly higher percentage (P<0.05) of C18:1c9 (Oleic) (30.95 to 32.65 percent) acid than other fatty acids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were all non-significant (P˃0.05) except for Docosahexanoic, which was observed to be significant (P˂ 0.05) in all treatments except T1. There was no significance (P> 0.05) in mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), except for Elaidic, vaccenic, linoleic, y-linoleic, erucic, and arachidonic. Lipid oxidation occurred more rapidly (P<0.05) when MLM was not added. During processing and storage, TBARS were higher (P< 0.05) in chicken droewors. TBARS during storage were lower (P>0.05) with MLM added. Results showed a significant difference (P<0.05) in proximate composition of chicken droëwors, containing on average 16.93±1.29 to 10.79± 1.83/ 100 g moisture, 45.80± 1.65 to 67.56± 2.33/ 100 g protein, 14.37± 2.15 to 26.13± 2.15/100 g ash. The current study resultsgave a summary of the composition of chicken droëwors and showed higher susceptibility to lipid oxidation in chicken droewors. Therefore, Moringa oleifera leaf powder showed antioxidant activity in chicken droëwors, reserved lipid oxidation in the product. In conclusion, MLM could be used as a functional antioxidant preservative in chicken droëwors. , Thesis (MSc) (Animal Science) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-11
- Authors: Tembela, Nelisiwe
- Date: 2020-11
- Subjects: Moringa oleifera , Meat--Quality , Broilers (Chickens)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20893 , vital:46709
- Description: The objective of the study was to determine the effect of different fat levels and Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MLM) inclusion on sensory attributes (aroma, meat flavour, spicy flavour, texture, colour, and saltiness), lipid oxidation, proximate composition, and fatty acid (FA) profile of chicken droëwors. Firstly, sensory attributes of chicken droëwors with different levels of fat and that of Moringa oleifera leaf meal were determined. In the second experiment, the effect of different fat and MLM inclusion levels on lipid oxidation during drying and storage, proximate composition, and fatty acid profile were also determined. A forty randomly selected consumers of different gender and age were used as the sensory panel. 75 percent of lean chicken meat and 25 percent of chicken fat was used during droëwors preparation. Thereafter, 9 treatments of chicken droëwors were produced, with MLM included either at 0 percent, 0.25 percent, 0.5 percent, and fat included at 10 percent and 15 percent. For fatty acid profile, the total lipid from dry sausage of all treatments was quantitatively extracted using chloroform and methanol in a ratio of 2:1. Lipid oxidation was measured by analyzing thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) at intervals during drying (0, 0.25, 0.5, 72h) and after 7 days of storage under ambient conditions. The results showed that consumers like the chicken droëwors when 0.5 percent MLM added to the product. The inclusion of MLM in chicken droëwors had a positive effect on consumer sensory. The results of the study demonstrated that chicken droëwors contained a significantly higher percentage (P<0.05) of C18:1c9 (Oleic) (30.95 to 32.65 percent) acid than other fatty acids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were all non-significant (P˃0.05) except for Docosahexanoic, which was observed to be significant (P˂ 0.05) in all treatments except T1. There was no significance (P> 0.05) in mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), except for Elaidic, vaccenic, linoleic, y-linoleic, erucic, and arachidonic. Lipid oxidation occurred more rapidly (P<0.05) when MLM was not added. During processing and storage, TBARS were higher (P< 0.05) in chicken droewors. TBARS during storage were lower (P>0.05) with MLM added. Results showed a significant difference (P<0.05) in proximate composition of chicken droëwors, containing on average 16.93±1.29 to 10.79± 1.83/ 100 g moisture, 45.80± 1.65 to 67.56± 2.33/ 100 g protein, 14.37± 2.15 to 26.13± 2.15/100 g ash. The current study resultsgave a summary of the composition of chicken droëwors and showed higher susceptibility to lipid oxidation in chicken droewors. Therefore, Moringa oleifera leaf powder showed antioxidant activity in chicken droëwors, reserved lipid oxidation in the product. In conclusion, MLM could be used as a functional antioxidant preservative in chicken droëwors. , Thesis (MSc) (Animal Science) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-11
Effect of fire frequency on the recovery of soil invertebrate communities in semi-arid savanna biome of the Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Madikana, Ayabulela https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9119-4650
- Authors: Madikana, Ayabulela https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9119-4650
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Soil invertebrates , Fire ecology , Arid regions
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22831 , vital:52946
- Description: Fires are common in South African savanna habitats, which can disrupt the dynamics of entire invertebrate populations, endangering biodiversity and the environment. The aim of this study was to look at how fire frequency affected invertebrate population dynamics and biodiversity in a 41-year-old fire experiment at the University of Fort Hare research farm in Alice. The experiment had six different levels of burning frequency: no-burn (K), annual burn (B1), biannual burn (B2), triennial burn (B3), quadrennial burn (B4), and sexennial burn (B6). The experimental plots were replicated two times in a randomized complete block design and have been continuously retained since 1980. A ground yellow mustard solution was used to collect earthworms, which were then identified by an earthworm taxonomist. Pitfall traps were used to collect ants and other insects, which were then identified under a microscope. In total, three soil samples were collected from each plot to assess selected soil nutrients, moisture, and pH. The Shannon diversity index, richness, and population of earthworms, ants, and other insects were calculated, and a one-way ANOVA analysis was done to check if the treatments differed significantly. A correlations study was used to look for any influence connected to soil parameters, including the Shannon diversity index, species richness, and density of soil invertebrates. According to our findings, the measured parameters did not show any significant differences in the measured parameters between the different frequency levels. All the plots had two species of earthworm , Proandricus timmianus and Proandricus beddardi except the biennial burn plot, which had all three, the afore mentioned species and one other unidentified species, Proandricus sp. The triennial burn treatment slightly enhanced the insect diversity, richness, and evenness of ant species difference while the diversity, evenness, and richness were lowest in the sexennial burn plot. However, there was no signif difference in population. After B4, the no burn plot had the second largest diversity and species richness, and the third highest species evenness and had a 100 percent species similarity index. The ants were evenly distributed in the no burn plot compared to the other plots, with K having a lower density than the other plots except for B4, K being slightly more diverse than B6, and B1 with a slightly lower diversity than the other plots, and it being the third species rich plot after B2 and B3, followed by the rest of the plots. This study implied that fire frequency has an insignificant impact on invertebrates’ communities in Savanna biomes words.icant , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Madikana, Ayabulela https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9119-4650
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Soil invertebrates , Fire ecology , Arid regions
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22831 , vital:52946
- Description: Fires are common in South African savanna habitats, which can disrupt the dynamics of entire invertebrate populations, endangering biodiversity and the environment. The aim of this study was to look at how fire frequency affected invertebrate population dynamics and biodiversity in a 41-year-old fire experiment at the University of Fort Hare research farm in Alice. The experiment had six different levels of burning frequency: no-burn (K), annual burn (B1), biannual burn (B2), triennial burn (B3), quadrennial burn (B4), and sexennial burn (B6). The experimental plots were replicated two times in a randomized complete block design and have been continuously retained since 1980. A ground yellow mustard solution was used to collect earthworms, which were then identified by an earthworm taxonomist. Pitfall traps were used to collect ants and other insects, which were then identified under a microscope. In total, three soil samples were collected from each plot to assess selected soil nutrients, moisture, and pH. The Shannon diversity index, richness, and population of earthworms, ants, and other insects were calculated, and a one-way ANOVA analysis was done to check if the treatments differed significantly. A correlations study was used to look for any influence connected to soil parameters, including the Shannon diversity index, species richness, and density of soil invertebrates. According to our findings, the measured parameters did not show any significant differences in the measured parameters between the different frequency levels. All the plots had two species of earthworm , Proandricus timmianus and Proandricus beddardi except the biennial burn plot, which had all three, the afore mentioned species and one other unidentified species, Proandricus sp. The triennial burn treatment slightly enhanced the insect diversity, richness, and evenness of ant species difference while the diversity, evenness, and richness were lowest in the sexennial burn plot. However, there was no signif difference in population. After B4, the no burn plot had the second largest diversity and species richness, and the third highest species evenness and had a 100 percent species similarity index. The ants were evenly distributed in the no burn plot compared to the other plots, with K having a lower density than the other plots except for B4, K being slightly more diverse than B6, and B1 with a slightly lower diversity than the other plots, and it being the third species rich plot after B2 and B3, followed by the rest of the plots. This study implied that fire frequency has an insignificant impact on invertebrates’ communities in Savanna biomes words.icant , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Effect of fluoroquinolones antibiotics on vancomycin and oxacillin resistant staphylococcus species in Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Soyege, Oludotun
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Staphylococcus aureus , Quinolone antibacterial agents , Fluoroquinolones
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25349 , vital:64212
- Description: This study shows the susceptibility profile of some Staphylococcus species isolated from commensal Staphylococci in Nkonkobe municipality, South Africa. A total number of 120 Staphylococcal isolates were screened for their susceptibilities to various classes of antibiotics such as Aminoglycoside (Gentamycin), Aminoglycoside (Kanamycin), Macrolide (Erythromycin), Tetracycline (Minocycline), Anti-tuberculous (Rifampicin), Lincosamides (Clindamycin), Cephalosporin and Fluoroquinolones in general. During the study, 32 (26percent) the test organisms were susceptible to both methicillin and vancomycin, while 12 (10percent) had co-resistance to the antibiotics. Furthermore, Gentamycin (an Aminoglycoside) had a relatively high potency against the isolates with 107 (89.17percent) of the bacteria being susceptible to it, while 10 (8.33percent) were resistant. On the other hand, Erythromycin (a Macrolide) was active against 72 (60percent) of the isolates, while 5 (4.17percent) and 74 (61.67percent) of the isolates yielded intermediate and resistant responses respectively. In addition , 51 (42.5percent) of the isolates were susceptible to rifampicin, while 1 (0.83percent) and 17 (14.17percent) were intermediate and resistant respectively. Ten percent of the isolates screened for their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in this study were positive for mecA gene among the vancomycin-oxacillin resistant strains while van gene was not detected in any of the isolates. This shows how the synergy of both vancomycin and oxacillin contribute to some resistance nature of Staphylococci. In order to overcome this resistance attributes of Staphylococci, to the commonly used antibiotics as discussed under this context, various types of fluoroquinolones were tested. The result shows that less than 10percent of the isolates were generally resistant to the fluoroquinolones except against Nalidix acid to which all the isolates were resistant. Other antibiotics had relatively higher resistance patterns as observed for minocycline (39.51percent), clindamycin (12.75percent), gentamycin (12.31percent) and vancomycin (12.3percent). The new generation fluoroquinolones including Gatifloxacin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin and Ciprofloxacin to which less than 5percent of the bacteria are resistant gives some clinical advantage over the Methicillin and Vancomycin resistant strains. About 31percent of the isolates had multiple antibiotic resistance index of ≥1 and suggests animals in the community as potential reservoirs of antibiotic resistance determinants in the environment. Data obtained in this study is of epidemiological importance and valuable for disease control. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Soyege, Oludotun
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Staphylococcus aureus , Quinolone antibacterial agents , Fluoroquinolones
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25349 , vital:64212
- Description: This study shows the susceptibility profile of some Staphylococcus species isolated from commensal Staphylococci in Nkonkobe municipality, South Africa. A total number of 120 Staphylococcal isolates were screened for their susceptibilities to various classes of antibiotics such as Aminoglycoside (Gentamycin), Aminoglycoside (Kanamycin), Macrolide (Erythromycin), Tetracycline (Minocycline), Anti-tuberculous (Rifampicin), Lincosamides (Clindamycin), Cephalosporin and Fluoroquinolones in general. During the study, 32 (26percent) the test organisms were susceptible to both methicillin and vancomycin, while 12 (10percent) had co-resistance to the antibiotics. Furthermore, Gentamycin (an Aminoglycoside) had a relatively high potency against the isolates with 107 (89.17percent) of the bacteria being susceptible to it, while 10 (8.33percent) were resistant. On the other hand, Erythromycin (a Macrolide) was active against 72 (60percent) of the isolates, while 5 (4.17percent) and 74 (61.67percent) of the isolates yielded intermediate and resistant responses respectively. In addition , 51 (42.5percent) of the isolates were susceptible to rifampicin, while 1 (0.83percent) and 17 (14.17percent) were intermediate and resistant respectively. Ten percent of the isolates screened for their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in this study were positive for mecA gene among the vancomycin-oxacillin resistant strains while van gene was not detected in any of the isolates. This shows how the synergy of both vancomycin and oxacillin contribute to some resistance nature of Staphylococci. In order to overcome this resistance attributes of Staphylococci, to the commonly used antibiotics as discussed under this context, various types of fluoroquinolones were tested. The result shows that less than 10percent of the isolates were generally resistant to the fluoroquinolones except against Nalidix acid to which all the isolates were resistant. Other antibiotics had relatively higher resistance patterns as observed for minocycline (39.51percent), clindamycin (12.75percent), gentamycin (12.31percent) and vancomycin (12.3percent). The new generation fluoroquinolones including Gatifloxacin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin and Ciprofloxacin to which less than 5percent of the bacteria are resistant gives some clinical advantage over the Methicillin and Vancomycin resistant strains. About 31percent of the isolates had multiple antibiotic resistance index of ≥1 and suggests animals in the community as potential reservoirs of antibiotic resistance determinants in the environment. Data obtained in this study is of epidemiological importance and valuable for disease control. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Effectiveness of Government-Wide Monitoring and Evaluation system: case of the Provincial Department of Economic Development, Environmental Affairs and Tourism, Eastern Cape.
- Authors: Poti, Mthetheleli
- Date: 2022-03
- Subjects: Organizational effectiveness--Evaluation. , Employees--Rating of. , Public administration--Evaluation.
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22312 , vital:52018
- Description: Monitoring and evaluation have gained popularity due to the rising demand for the public sector to enhance both policy and project outcomes. A rising number of countries are pursuing outcomes orientation by establishing and enhancing their government's monitoring and evaluation system. The researcher discovered that the E.C DEDEAT lacks a thorough mechanism for monitoring and evaluating government performance and the effect of service delivery. As a result, the researcher set out to investigate the implementation of the GWM&E system. The study adopted a qualitative approach. Questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis were used to collect data, and a content analysis was adopted to analyze data. The study revealed that South Africa had set various legislative frameworks to support monitoring and evaluation. There is a significant shift from traditional methods of accountability towards public sector monitoring and evaluation. While this is true, the study also found out that monitoring systems are still faced with various challenges within the department. Lastly, the study proffered recommendations on how public sector monitoring and evaluation can be enhanced. , Thesis (MPA) -- University of Fort Hare, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-03
- Authors: Poti, Mthetheleli
- Date: 2022-03
- Subjects: Organizational effectiveness--Evaluation. , Employees--Rating of. , Public administration--Evaluation.
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22312 , vital:52018
- Description: Monitoring and evaluation have gained popularity due to the rising demand for the public sector to enhance both policy and project outcomes. A rising number of countries are pursuing outcomes orientation by establishing and enhancing their government's monitoring and evaluation system. The researcher discovered that the E.C DEDEAT lacks a thorough mechanism for monitoring and evaluating government performance and the effect of service delivery. As a result, the researcher set out to investigate the implementation of the GWM&E system. The study adopted a qualitative approach. Questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis were used to collect data, and a content analysis was adopted to analyze data. The study revealed that South Africa had set various legislative frameworks to support monitoring and evaluation. There is a significant shift from traditional methods of accountability towards public sector monitoring and evaluation. While this is true, the study also found out that monitoring systems are still faced with various challenges within the department. Lastly, the study proffered recommendations on how public sector monitoring and evaluation can be enhanced. , Thesis (MPA) -- University of Fort Hare, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-03
Effectiveness of housing delivery in the Reconstruction and Development Programme in Duncan Village
- Authors: Millie, Lindile Churchill
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Housing development -- South Africa , Public housing -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24199 , vital:62441
- Description: The primary objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Housing delivery in the Reconstruction and Development Programme in Duncan Village. This thesis has tried to answer to why there are still places like Duncan Village, situated at the heart of Buffalo City Metropolitan Local Municipality, in the Eastern Cape Province with alarming rate at which the “shanty resident” has been growing and showing no signs of coming to an end? The researcher used both qualitative and quantitative approaches in this research. The researcher conducted the research using officials from the Department of Human Settlements, officials from Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Ward Councillor, and Duncan Village community. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Millie, Lindile Churchill
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Housing development -- South Africa , Public housing -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24199 , vital:62441
- Description: The primary objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Housing delivery in the Reconstruction and Development Programme in Duncan Village. This thesis has tried to answer to why there are still places like Duncan Village, situated at the heart of Buffalo City Metropolitan Local Municipality, in the Eastern Cape Province with alarming rate at which the “shanty resident” has been growing and showing no signs of coming to an end? The researcher used both qualitative and quantitative approaches in this research. The researcher conducted the research using officials from the Department of Human Settlements, officials from Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Ward Councillor, and Duncan Village community. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Effectiveness of monetary policy transmission mechanism: the case of selected SADC countries
- Tengwa, Anakho https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0700-8668
- Authors: Tengwa, Anakho https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0700-8668
- Date: 2022-12
- Subjects: Monetary policy -- Africa, Southern , Transmission mechanism (Monetary policy) -- Africa, Southern , Economic development -- Africa, Southern
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26863 , vital:66037
- Description: Monetary policy plays a significant role in countries economic development. The variability in inflation in the SADC region provides room to question the Effectiveness of the transmission of monetary policy as these countries experience inflation in different ways. The study analyses the effectiveness of monetary policy transmission mechanism on the selected 5 SADC countries, South Africa, Botswana, Mauritius, Tanzania, and Zambia. The selection of the countries was mainly based on data availability. To answer the study hypothesis, the study used secondary data from different data sources, employing the Vector Autoregression Regression. The different channels analysed include the exchange rate, interest rates as well as credit channel to measure monetary policy tools. The main variables are, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Consumer Price Index (CPI)cpi and money supply. Panel unit root was tested to test the stationarity of the variables and the appropriate lag length was determined. Panel VAR model was estimated where the focus was mainly on variance decomposition and impulse response. Then lastly the stability of the model was tested using diagnostic test. The results revealed that interest rates channel and exchange rate channel have a more significant effect in explaining the transmission of macroeconomic shock to the rest of the economy through gpd and cpi. While the credit channel mostly transmits to the rest of the economy through money supply and cpi, its effects from GDP are rather insignificant. It is also noted that interest rates serve as the dominant channel in transmitting monetary policy shocks to the rest of the economy. When central banks decrease prime lending rates for commercial banks, this is passed to consumers making it less expensive to borrow. In the long run, attracts foreign investors which harms the domestic currency. The author has noted that future research could focus on how asset price channel affects the economy. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-12
- Authors: Tengwa, Anakho https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0700-8668
- Date: 2022-12
- Subjects: Monetary policy -- Africa, Southern , Transmission mechanism (Monetary policy) -- Africa, Southern , Economic development -- Africa, Southern
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26863 , vital:66037
- Description: Monetary policy plays a significant role in countries economic development. The variability in inflation in the SADC region provides room to question the Effectiveness of the transmission of monetary policy as these countries experience inflation in different ways. The study analyses the effectiveness of monetary policy transmission mechanism on the selected 5 SADC countries, South Africa, Botswana, Mauritius, Tanzania, and Zambia. The selection of the countries was mainly based on data availability. To answer the study hypothesis, the study used secondary data from different data sources, employing the Vector Autoregression Regression. The different channels analysed include the exchange rate, interest rates as well as credit channel to measure monetary policy tools. The main variables are, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Consumer Price Index (CPI)cpi and money supply. Panel unit root was tested to test the stationarity of the variables and the appropriate lag length was determined. Panel VAR model was estimated where the focus was mainly on variance decomposition and impulse response. Then lastly the stability of the model was tested using diagnostic test. The results revealed that interest rates channel and exchange rate channel have a more significant effect in explaining the transmission of macroeconomic shock to the rest of the economy through gpd and cpi. While the credit channel mostly transmits to the rest of the economy through money supply and cpi, its effects from GDP are rather insignificant. It is also noted that interest rates serve as the dominant channel in transmitting monetary policy shocks to the rest of the economy. When central banks decrease prime lending rates for commercial banks, this is passed to consumers making it less expensive to borrow. In the long run, attracts foreign investors which harms the domestic currency. The author has noted that future research could focus on how asset price channel affects the economy. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-12
Effects of climatic variability on maize productivity in South Africa from 1937-2018
- Awum Awum, Rudin https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-8740-6163
- Authors: Awum Awum, Rudin https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-8740-6163
- Date: 2022-03
- Subjects: Crops and climate , Climatic changes
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21410 , vital:48576
- Description: Climate is an important factor in agricultural production. The world is facing climate change and variability, which result in high temperatures, low rainfall patterns, shortage of water and persistent droughts. Climate change poses a significant threat to South Africa’s water resources, food security, health, infrastructure, ecosystem services and biodiversity. Negative impacts of climate variability on agriculture, especially on maize the staple crop, will worsen the food security status of the nation as most of South Africa’s maize crop is produced in summer and highly depends on rainfall. This study attempted to assess the impact of climate on maize production in South Africa using secondary time series data for the period 1937 to 2018. Rainfall and temperature were used as proxies for climate variability. The Granger Causality Model was used to examine the causal linkages between climatic variables (temperature or rainfall) and maize output in South Africa for the study period. The major outcome of the analysis was that there is a two-way causal relationship between maize production and temperature. The results also indicated that there is uni-directional causality between maize yield and rainfall. Furthermore, the Variance Decomposition Model was used to forecast the relationship between climatic elements and maize production in South Africa. The result showed that all variables have an effect on maize yield, with temperature having the least effect. The last objective of the study was to profile the maize output trend for the period from 1937 to 2018. The main findings from the analysis indicate that maize production in South Africa has a general upward slope. The study recommends that the government should intensify the provision of irrigation systems for the farmers in the most vulnerable areas to mitigate the climate change. Government should also embark on massive campaigns using a variety of media to create the needed public awareness on climate change and its impact on food security. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-03
- Authors: Awum Awum, Rudin https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-8740-6163
- Date: 2022-03
- Subjects: Crops and climate , Climatic changes
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21410 , vital:48576
- Description: Climate is an important factor in agricultural production. The world is facing climate change and variability, which result in high temperatures, low rainfall patterns, shortage of water and persistent droughts. Climate change poses a significant threat to South Africa’s water resources, food security, health, infrastructure, ecosystem services and biodiversity. Negative impacts of climate variability on agriculture, especially on maize the staple crop, will worsen the food security status of the nation as most of South Africa’s maize crop is produced in summer and highly depends on rainfall. This study attempted to assess the impact of climate on maize production in South Africa using secondary time series data for the period 1937 to 2018. Rainfall and temperature were used as proxies for climate variability. The Granger Causality Model was used to examine the causal linkages between climatic variables (temperature or rainfall) and maize output in South Africa for the study period. The major outcome of the analysis was that there is a two-way causal relationship between maize production and temperature. The results also indicated that there is uni-directional causality between maize yield and rainfall. Furthermore, the Variance Decomposition Model was used to forecast the relationship between climatic elements and maize production in South Africa. The result showed that all variables have an effect on maize yield, with temperature having the least effect. The last objective of the study was to profile the maize output trend for the period from 1937 to 2018. The main findings from the analysis indicate that maize production in South Africa has a general upward slope. The study recommends that the government should intensify the provision of irrigation systems for the farmers in the most vulnerable areas to mitigate the climate change. Government should also embark on massive campaigns using a variety of media to create the needed public awareness on climate change and its impact on food security. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-03
Effects of hyperinflation on stock market performance: case of Zimbabwe
- Authors: Mutandwa, Tsitsi Hope
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Stocks--Zimbabwe , Stock exchanges--Zimbabwe , Inflation targeting--Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24980 , vital:63768
- Description: In this study an analysis of the long-term equilibrium relationship between inflation, selected macroeconomic variables and the Zimbabwe stock market (represented by market capitalization) is explored. Using stock market capitalization as a proxy for stock market performance is important for an investigator since it can capture movements in the whole market. The link between stock market performance and macroeconomic variables in particular inflation is well-documented in the literature. However, a void in the literature relates to examining the cointegration between hyperinflation and stock market performance. Although hyperinflation is nothing more than inflation at high rates, clarity on this point is necessary because of the seemingly unclear nature of the relationship in the literature. Inflation has mostly been documented as negatively impacting on financial markets. This is not so clear when it comes to hyperinflation. The Zimbabwean stock market has performed well during the high inflation period. This then raises the question: Does hyperinflation stimulate the growth of the stock market? The analysis is undertaken by employing cointegration and vector error correction modeling approach using quarterly data for the period 1980-2007 Our results show among others, that hyperinflation has impacted negatively on the growth of the stock market in Zimbabwe. However, other driving factors such as foreign direct investment and relatively high bank lending rates may have fuelled the observed growth in the stock market during the period of study. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2010
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
- Authors: Mutandwa, Tsitsi Hope
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Stocks--Zimbabwe , Stock exchanges--Zimbabwe , Inflation targeting--Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24980 , vital:63768
- Description: In this study an analysis of the long-term equilibrium relationship between inflation, selected macroeconomic variables and the Zimbabwe stock market (represented by market capitalization) is explored. Using stock market capitalization as a proxy for stock market performance is important for an investigator since it can capture movements in the whole market. The link between stock market performance and macroeconomic variables in particular inflation is well-documented in the literature. However, a void in the literature relates to examining the cointegration between hyperinflation and stock market performance. Although hyperinflation is nothing more than inflation at high rates, clarity on this point is necessary because of the seemingly unclear nature of the relationship in the literature. Inflation has mostly been documented as negatively impacting on financial markets. This is not so clear when it comes to hyperinflation. The Zimbabwean stock market has performed well during the high inflation period. This then raises the question: Does hyperinflation stimulate the growth of the stock market? The analysis is undertaken by employing cointegration and vector error correction modeling approach using quarterly data for the period 1980-2007 Our results show among others, that hyperinflation has impacted negatively on the growth of the stock market in Zimbabwe. However, other driving factors such as foreign direct investment and relatively high bank lending rates may have fuelled the observed growth in the stock market during the period of study. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2010
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
Effects of incarceration of women on the family system: a case of Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality
- Authors: Dlova, Chumisa
- Date: 2021-07
- Subjects: Women prisoners -- Effect of imprisonment on -- South Africa , Prisoners -- Family relationships , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22278 , vital:52014
- Description: Incarceration is a world-wide phenomenon. It is aimed at punishing those who are in conflict with the law while ensuring that they also undergo rehabilitation processes. Whereas one cannot argue that incarceration is inevitable for those in conflict with the law, it is essential to realise that, when a woman is incarcerated, the remaining family unit members are left behind to deal with all the effects of having a family member taken away. It has been observed that there is an increase in the number of incarcerated women. About two-thirds of incarcerated women reported having one or more minor children, and most of them have lived with their children before incarceration compared to 36% of men (Woodard & Copp, 2016). This study aimed to understand the effects of incarceration of women on the family system in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM). The study discussed the effects of women incarceration on their children, spouses/partners and care-givers. The available support services were also explored and the coping mechanisms adopted by these families during this period of incarceration. The study utilised a case study research design which was explorative in nature. The data was collected using semi-structured interviews with 15 participants who included eight children, one spouse, one partner and five care-givers. Bowen’s family system’s theory (1978) was utilised as an epistemological framework for the study. The study's findings revealed that the incarceration of women has a negative impact on the family members left behind. This increases the chances of school drop-out, alternative care placement and even criminal involvement of children themselves. It was also discovered that financial difficulties, infidelity and lack of proper support systems for these families are a challenge that is directly associated with incarceration. The study recommended that more efforts should be made to provide support through governmental, non-governmental and communitybased interventions to the families of incarcerated women to prevent these unintended effects. , Thesis (MSW) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-07
- Authors: Dlova, Chumisa
- Date: 2021-07
- Subjects: Women prisoners -- Effect of imprisonment on -- South Africa , Prisoners -- Family relationships , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22278 , vital:52014
- Description: Incarceration is a world-wide phenomenon. It is aimed at punishing those who are in conflict with the law while ensuring that they also undergo rehabilitation processes. Whereas one cannot argue that incarceration is inevitable for those in conflict with the law, it is essential to realise that, when a woman is incarcerated, the remaining family unit members are left behind to deal with all the effects of having a family member taken away. It has been observed that there is an increase in the number of incarcerated women. About two-thirds of incarcerated women reported having one or more minor children, and most of them have lived with their children before incarceration compared to 36% of men (Woodard & Copp, 2016). This study aimed to understand the effects of incarceration of women on the family system in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM). The study discussed the effects of women incarceration on their children, spouses/partners and care-givers. The available support services were also explored and the coping mechanisms adopted by these families during this period of incarceration. The study utilised a case study research design which was explorative in nature. The data was collected using semi-structured interviews with 15 participants who included eight children, one spouse, one partner and five care-givers. Bowen’s family system’s theory (1978) was utilised as an epistemological framework for the study. The study's findings revealed that the incarceration of women has a negative impact on the family members left behind. This increases the chances of school drop-out, alternative care placement and even criminal involvement of children themselves. It was also discovered that financial difficulties, infidelity and lack of proper support systems for these families are a challenge that is directly associated with incarceration. The study recommended that more efforts should be made to provide support through governmental, non-governmental and communitybased interventions to the families of incarcerated women to prevent these unintended effects. , Thesis (MSW) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-07