I ya vhuya
- Authors: Kruger, Jaco (Recorded by) , Netshifhefhe, Ronald (Performer) , Ronald Netshifhefhe and two Venda women (Performer) , Composer unknown
- Subjects: Tsianda , Transvaal (Limpopo) , South Africa , Indigenous music , Traditional music , Children's song , Dumbu Kalinga , Ground harp
- Type: Music , Sound
- Identifier: vital:15522 , JKC10b-01 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008711 , Tape number: JKC10 , Original tape number: 10 , Track number: 01
- Description: English translation of title: 'It is raining' , Traditional children's songs with Venda Dumbu Kalinga the ground harp accompaniment , For further details refer to Jaco Kruger recording card: 118
- Full Text: false
Vhonani zwidenzhe vhonani zwanda
- Authors: Kruger, Jaco (Recorded by) , and Ronald Netshifhefhe (Leader) , Children of Tsianda (Performer) , Composer unknown
- Subjects: Tsianda , Transvaal (Limpopo) , South Africa , Indigenous music , Traditional music , Children's song , Venda lashu , Choral , Nyimbo dza vhana
- Type: Music , Sound
- Identifier: vital:16061 , JKC16a-15 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009250 , Tape number: JKC16 , Original tape number: 16 , Track number: 15
- Description: Unaccompanied traditional Venda children's song , For further details refer to Jaco Kruger recording card: 210
- Full Text: false
Thoho mahada khana na dzi khundu magona
- Authors: Kruger, Jaco (Recorded by) , and Ronald Netshifhefhe (Leader) , Children of Tsianda (Performer) , Composer unknown
- Subjects: Tsianda , Transvaal (Limpopo) , South Africa , Indigenous music , Traditional music , Venda lashu , Children's song , Choral , Nyimbo dza vhana
- Type: Music , Sound
- Identifier: vital:15807 , JKC16a-17 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008996 , Tape number: JKC16 , Original tape number: 16 , Track number: 17
- Description: Unaccompanied traditional Venda children's song , For further details refer to Jaco Kruger recording card: 210
- Full Text: false
Mbevha hedzi tharu dzi gidima hani dza vhona musadzi wa mulimu
- Authors: Kruger, Jaco (Recorded by) , and Ronald Netshifhefhe (Leader) , Children of Tsianda (Performer) , Composer unknown
- Subjects: Tsianda , Transvaal (Limpopo) , South Africa , Indigenous music , Traditional music , Children's song , Venda lashu , Choral , Nyimbo dza vhana
- Type: Music , Sound
- Identifier: vital:15596 , JKC16a-13 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008785 , Tape number: JKC16 , Original tape number: 16 , Track number: 13
- Description: English translation: 'These three mice are running very fast' , Unaccompanied traditional Venda children's song , For further details refer to Jaco Kruger recording card: 210
- Full Text: false
Mavhele a tshikhuwa ha na mufumbu
- Authors: Kruger, Jaco (Recorded by) , and Ronald Netshifhefhe (Leader) , Children of Tsianda (Performer) , Composer unknown
- Subjects: Tsianda , Transvaal (Limpopo) , South Africa , Indigenous music , Traditional music , Children's song , Venda lashu , Clapping , Dance song , Nyimbo dza vhana , Choral
- Type: Music , Sound
- Identifier: vital:15593 , JKC16a-19 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008782 , Tape number: JKC16 , Original tape number: 16 , Track number: 19
- Description: Traditional Venda children's dance song with clapping accompaniment , For further details refer to Jaco Kruger recording card: 210
- Full Text: false
Muya muya u dzike
- Authors: Kruger, Jaco (Recorded by) , and Ronald Netshifhefhe (Leader) , Children of Tsianda (Performer) , Composer unknown
- Subjects: Tsianda , Transvaal (Limpopo) , South Africa , Indigenous music , Traditional music , Venda lashu , Children's song , Clapping , Nyimbo dza vhana
- Type: Music , Sound
- Identifier: vital:15649 , JKC16a-16 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008838 , Tape number: JKC16 , Original tape number: 16 , Track number: 16
- Description: Traditional Venda children's song with clapping accompaniment , For further details refer to Jaco Kruger recording card: 210
- Full Text: false
Teachere washu hoyu u ri funza zwavhudi
- Authors: Kruger, Jaco (Recorded by) , and Ronald Netshifhefhe (Leader) , Children of Tsianda (Performer) , Composer unknown
- Subjects: Tsianda , Transvaal (Limpopo) , South Africa , Indigenous music , Children's song , Venda lashu , Choral , Traditional music , Nyimbo dza vhana
- Type: Music , Sound
- Identifier: vital:15794 , JKC16a-14 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008983 , Tape number: JKC16 , Original tape number: 16 , Track number: 14
- Description: Unaccompanied traditional Venda children's song , For further details refer to Jaco Kruger recording card: 210
- Full Text: false
Thoho mahada khana na dzi khundu magona
- Authors: Kruger, Jaco (Recorded by) , and Ronald Netshifhefhe (Leader) , Children of Tsianda (Performer) , Composer unknown
- Subjects: Tsianda , Transvaal (Limpopo) , South Africa , Indigenous music , Traditional music , Children's song , Venda lashu , Nyimbo dza vhana , Choral
- Type: Music , Sound
- Identifier: vital:15808 , JKC16a-18 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008997 , Tape number: JKC16 , Original tape number: 16 , Track number: 18
- Description: Unaccompanied traditional Venda children's song , For further details refer to Jaco Kruger recording card: 210
- Full Text: false
Sendelani ni tamba vho na rine vhana vhatuku
- Authors: Kruger, Jaco (Recorded by) , and Ronald Netshifhefhe (Leader) , Children of Tsianda (Performer) , Composer unknown
- Subjects: Tsianda , Transvaal (Limpopo) , South Africa , Indigenous music , Traditional music , Children's song , Venda lashu , Clapping , Recorded by Jaco Kruger , Nyimbo dza vhana
- Type: Music , Sound
- Identifier: vital:15774 , JKC16a-21 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008963 , Tape number: JKC16 , Original tape number: 16 , Track number: 21
- Description: Traditional Venda children's dance song with clapping accompaniment , For further details refer to Jaco Kruger recording card: 210
- Full Text: false
Tsinga nndedede
- Authors: Kruger, Jaco (Recorded by) , Netshifhefhe, Ronald (Performer) , Composer unknown
- Subjects: Tsianda , Transvaal (Limpopo) , South Africa , Indigenous music , Traditional music , Children's song , Ground harp , Solo , Dumbu Kalinga
- Type: Music , Sound
- Identifier: vital:15978 , JKC10a-17 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009167 , Tape number: JKC10 , Original tape number: 10 , Track number: 17
- Description: Traditional song with Venda Dumbu Kalinga the ground harp accompaniment , For further details refer to Jaco Kruger recording card: 117
- Full Text: false
Dzingidzingi mafula to
- Authors: Kruger, Jaco (Recorded by) , Netshifhefhe, Ronald (Performer) , Composer unknown
- Subjects: Tsianda , Transvaal (Limpopo) , South Africa , Indigenous music , Traditional music , Children's song , Ground harp , Solo , Dumbu Kalinga
- Type: Music , Sound
- Identifier: vital:15801 , JKC10a-19 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008990 , Tape number: JKC10 , Original tape number: 10 , Track number: 19
- Description: English translation of title: 'Shake the marula tree' , Traditional well known children's song with Venda Dumbu Kalinga the ground harp accompaniment , For further details refer to Jaco Kruger recording card: 117
- Full Text: false
Gai na gai
- Authors: Kruger, Jaco (Recorded by) , Netshifhefhe, Ronald (Performer) , Composer unknown
- Subjects: Tsianda , Transvaal (Limpopo) , South Africa , Indigenous music , Traditional song , Ground harp , Solo , Dumbu Kalinga
- Type: Music , Sound
- Identifier: vital:15857 , JKC10a-18 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009046 , Tape number: JKC10 , Original tape number: 10 , Track number: 18
- Description: English translation of title: 'The locusts are flying all over' , Traditional song with Venda Dumbu Kalinga the ground harp accompaniment , For further details refer to Jaco Kruger recording card: 117
- Full Text: false
Dumbu Kalinga
- Authors: Kruger, Jaco (Recorded by) , Netshifhefhe, Ronald (Performer) , Composer unknown
- Subjects: Tsianda , Transvaal (Limpopo) , South Africa , Indigenous music , Traditional song , Ground harp , Solo , Dumbu Kalinga
- Type: Music , Sound
- Identifier: vital:15746 , JKC10a-16 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008935 , Tape number: JKC10 , Original tape number: 10 , Track number: 16
- Description: Traditional song with Venda Dumbu Kalinga the ground harp accompaniment , For further details refer to Jaco Kruger recording card: 117
- Full Text: false
Phulu mutada phulu
- Authors: Kruger, Jaco (Recorded by) , Ronald Netshifhefhe and Venda woman (Performer) , Composer unknown
- Subjects: Tsianda , Transvaal (Limpopo) , South Africa , Indigenous music , Traditional music , Rungano , Story song , Dumbu Kalinga , Ground harp
- Type: Music , Sound
- Identifier: vital:15523 , JKC10b-02 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008712 , Tape number: JKC10 , Original tape number: 10 , Track number: 02
- Description: Traditional song from a story about orphan abuse with Dumbu Kalinga the ground harp accompaniment , Traditional song with Venda Dumbu Kalinga the ground harp accompaniment , For further details refer to Jaco Kruger recording card: 118
- Full Text: false
Quantifying variability of emissions of greenhouse gas (CO2& CH4) across selected soils and agricultural practices
- Authors: Sebake, Tebogo Matsimela
- Date: 2021-12
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/54107 , vital:46302
- Description: Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG’s)in the atmosphere are warming the planet, and agriculture is responsible for about 30% of these emissions. Soils act as a host for greenhouse gases, since both their storage and emission capacities are large, accounting for two-times the amount of carbon in the atmosphere and in plant and animal life. It sequesters large amounts of carbon, and because agricultural practices depend on soil for production, the practices influence the soil’s ability to store the carbon effectively. Production soils emit greenhouse gas, predominantly carbon dioxide and methane, which are assessed for emissions in this study. Climate change creates unpredictability in precipitation and temperature; farmers need to be flexible and adapt production methods to such environmental changes in order to continue producing sustainably. Global food production needs to grow drastically to meet the projected demands for rising population and diet shifts; studies have shown that feeding a more populated and a more affluent, equal, world will require roughly a doubling of agricultural production by 2050, which means more GHG emissions from the soil. To enable better control on these emissions, their links to agricultural practices need to be better quantified. The study was done in two areas: (1) long-term comparative farming systems research trial with controlled vegetable plots, in the agricultural school of Nelson Mandela University, in George, Western Cape province and (2) long-term wheat research trial of the Free State University, in Bethlehem, Free State province. The objective in study area one is to assess and compare GHG emissions from conventional and organic systems. Temperature and soil moisture were measured during gas samples to establish the influence they have on gas emissions. The objective in study area two is to assess and compare GHG emissions from no-till, plough, and stubble mulch. Stubble mulch refers to crop residue left in place on the land as a surface cover during fallow periods. Two polypropylene canisters are placed in a sampled plot to trap gas emitted from the soil. Analyses of the trapped gases in the headspace gives concentrations of CO2and CH4that was emitted during the duration the canister was closed. The gas is analysed by a G2201-i Picarro gas analyser, presently the only such instrument in South Africa. The analyser’s near-infrared Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy technology is capable of simultaneous measurements of CO2and CH4down to parts per million. In study area one, conventional plots (R2T6 & R1T6) emitted 65.089ppm CO2and 61.159ppm CO2, and 0.0010ppm CH4and 0.0004ppm CH4, respectively. Organic plots (R1T3 & R2T3) emitted 53.264ppm CO2and 47.885ppm CO2, and 0.0023ppm CH4and 0.0019ppm CH4respectively. Thus, conventional plots emitted 19.98% & 30.98% more CO2than organic plots; but organic plots emitted 81.97% & 155.5% more CH4thanconventional plots. In study area two, ploughed soils emitted 38.727ppm CO2and 0.015ppm CH4, no-tilled soils emitted 31.798ppm CO2 and 0.011ppm CH4andstubble mulched soils emitted 28.373ppm CO2 and 0.009ppm CH4. Thus, ploughed soils emitted 19.65%more CO2than no-tilled soils, no-tilled soils emitted 11.38% more CO2 than stubble mulched soils and ploughed soils emitted 30.36% more CO2 than stubble mulched soils. Ploughed soils emitted 30.77% more CH4 than no-tilled soils, no-tilled soils emitted 20% more CH4 than stubble mulched soils and ploughed soils emitted 50% more CH4than stubble mulched soils. Moist soils result in decreased CO2emissions in conventional plots and increased CH4emissions in organic plots. Increasing temperature patterns are followed by a trend of increasing gas emissions. Reducing GHG emissions from agriculture and developing sustainable tillage practices can help mitigate climate change and increases the chances of stabilizing GHG concentrations and temperature control within a required range. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2021
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- Date Issued: 2021-12
Rheology behaviour of slurries as a function of particle size and ion concentration
- Authors: Kondlo, Princess Kholiwe
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/53333 , vital:45141
- Description: In this work, the rheological properties of alumina slurries milled to different particle sizes were investigated. Viscosity increases as the particle size decreases. When increasing amounts of calcium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide or barium hydroxide are added, the viscosity first goes down and then goes up. This can be explained in terms of changes in pH and changes in ionic strength impacting on the surface potential of the particles in suspension. Adding the same concentration of different cations results in different viscosities, with the order being (from high to low viscosity) Ba>Sr>Ca. Effects of partial dissolution of and structural changes to the alumina particles at high pH cannot be excluded. In order to better understanding the different effects, it was attempted to measure the zeta potential of the slurries at different pH values. This resulted in highly positive zeta potential values over the complete pH range, without the observationof an iso-electric point. This does not fit to the observed changes in rheology and contrasts withliterature data. One explanation would be that the measurement system used is unsuitable to yield correct zeta potential values for the materials under investigation. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 2021
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- Date Issued: 2021-04
Youth sub-cultures: the case of izikhothane amongst youth in Port Elizabeth townships
- Authors: Laqwela, Bayanda B
- Date: 2021-12
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/54694 , vital:47442
- Description: The studies on youth subcultures have always attracted scholars and media, both locally and internationally. Specifically, in South Africa, we have witnessed subcultural youth formations, such as amapantsula1 , umswenko2 , the smarteez, zef, emmos and so forth. In the past few years, we saw the rise of a certain subcultural youth formation, popularly known as izikhothane3 , in South African townships. Owing to an escalation in izikhothane, this study was undertaken among the youth in Port Elizabeth townships. The study sought to explore and describe the significance of izikhothane membership and the rituals that are performed during their meetings. The qualitative approach was used for the study and semi-structured interviews, focus groups and observations were employed as data collection tools. The study used the explorative, descriptive and contextual design. The population for the study was the youth who are involved in the youth subculture of izikhothane in Port Elizabeth townships. The themes, which answered the questions, were identified as follows: the definition of isikhothane according to izikhothane, pulling or attraction factors, izikhothane rituals, the significance of isikhothane membership, the stopping age and the perceptions of community members about izikhothane. One of the main findings of this study is the age at which the youth join izikhothane. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Governmental and Social Sciences, 2021
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- Date Issued: 2021-12
Patterns of belief in Bushman creation tales: an interpretive study relating to /Xam, Maluti, and Zu/'oasi sources
- Authors: Howard, Nadine B
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: South Africa , Creation -- Mythology , Spirituality -- Africa , San (African people) -- Religion , San (African people) -- Folklore
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:549 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019978 , Donated by Geoffrey Howard, 2010.
- Description: “Patterns of Belief in Bushman Creation Tales” regard /Xam, Maluti, and Zu/’oasi mythology. The study divides into three sections. The Early Period of Conceptual Unity concerns creation of the eland, a symbolic antelope. All beings are animal-persons of the early race. The /Xam deity /Kaggen creates and secretly cares for an eland to whom he feeds honey. The family, missing honey, sends Mongoose to spy on /Kaggen. He sees the eland and informs his father who kills it without Kaggen’s knowledge. Kaggen weeps bitterly. Elsewhere, when Cagn’s away Maluti sons hunt and discover an unknown creature. They try repeatedly to stab it as it breaks away, but returns to lay down. Finally Gewi kills it. They take meat and blood home, but later see Cagn’s snares and feel afraid. The Transition Period of Conceptual Separation and Restoration follows. Separation of animals and people takes place through re-creation and naming. The former animal-person world passes away. Maluti elands are re-created as Gewi tries to undo his “mischief”. Churning the eland’s blood, it scatters, becoming snakes, then hartebeests. Cagn and his wife help: spinning blood, adding fat from the heart. They produce multitudes of untamed elands. Gewi who “spoilt” them must hunt and kill one, but he fails. Cagn then teaches both sons to hunt. However, his elands are swift, and he will now dwell in their bones. “That day game were given to men to eat,” and the transition to knowing is made. Zu/’oasi animal-persons journey to the fire of creation; there to be beautifully marked or otherwise distinguished. /Xam antelope await their naming through the eating or drinking of liquid honeys which colour their hides. The Third Section offers an overview of concepts the thesis presents. It also bears the key to unlock a very old mystery. , Intended as a Masters of Arts thesis for the University of Natal, the author was unable to complete the final chapter before her death, and the thesis was never submitted for examination. It was the wish of her husband that her careful study should be brought to light and be made available to other students of this field.
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- Date Issued: 2000
On the ideals and semimodules of commutative semirings
- Authors: Olivier, Ruan
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52782 , vital:44026
- Description: Semirings are a generalisation of rings where additive inverses need not exist. In this dissertation, we focus on results of commutative semirings with non-zero identity. Many results that we study are analogous to results from commutative rings with non-zero identity. Properties which are unique to semirings are also investigated, such as semirings where all elements are additively idempotent. The notion of ideals is examined in the context of a semiring. Specifically, prime ideals, maximal ideals, k-ideals and partitioning ideals of semirings are considered. Additionally, the module over a ring is generalised to a semimodule over a semiring. The emphasis is on prime subsemimodules and multiplication semimodules. Lastly, invertible ideals of semirings are examined. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, 2021
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- Date Issued: 2021-04
Studies on seed germination and response to fertilization of Amaranthus accessions collected in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Authors: Ramangoele, Mpaballeng Alinah
- Date: 2021-12
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/54112 , vital:46307
- Description: Studies were conducted at Döhne Agricultural Development Institute (D.A.D.I.), geographically located between latitude 32°31'34.077"S and longitude 27°27'37.473"E in Stutterheim, Eastern Cape Province from summer 2018 until autumn 2019.The objectives were to determine seed germination and seedling vigour of four local Amaranthus accessions and to evaluate the effect of organic and inorganic fertilization on the growth, yield and nutrient composition. In the germination studies, herein referred to as Experiment 1,laboratory assessments were laid out in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) replicated four times to test seed germination, seedling emergence and seedling vigour of four Amaranthus accessions namely: A. Hypochondriacus, A. Retroflexus 1, A. Hybridus and A. Retroflexus 2. Data collection included germination percentage, radicle length, co-efficient of velocity of germination and seedling vigour. A.Retroflexus2 gave the highest germination percentage in summer (85%) and autumn (87.75%).Seed weight resulted in the highest germination percentage and was observed to have shown a high positive correlation of {R2=0.91} in summer and{R2=0.92} in autumn respectively. The highest seedling vigour (p<0.001) in summer was attained from A. Hypochondriacus and A. Retroflexus2.In the greenhouse in summer, the highest emergence percentage was observed from A. Hypochondriacus(93.00%), whilst in autumn it was A.Retroflexus2 (88.38%).A. Retroflexus1 was the least performer in both seasons. In summer, A. Hypochondriacus and A. Retroflexus2 resulted in very high seedling vigour. In autumn A. Hypochondriacus, A. Retroflexus2 and A. Hybridus resulted in high seedling vigour and A. Retroflexus1 in moderate seedling vigour. The relationship observed between seed weight and seedling vigour showed a negative (inverse)correlation in summer {R2=0.58} and autumn {R2=0.62}.In Experiment 2, seedlings of A. Hypochondriacus and A. Retroflexus 2were transplanted in 5litrebasal perforated plastic pots which were filled with soil. The experimental layout was a CRD replicated four times. The treatments were: control (no amendment), goat manure, cattle manure and NPK fertilizer. Growth performance data were collected for plant height, the number of leaves and stem girth. In summer, when goat manure was applied both accessions resulted in the tallest plants (78.80cm) yet A. Retroflexus 2 and vA. Hypochondriacus gave the greatest stem girthand highest number of leaves respectively. In autumn, the tallest plants and highest number of leaves were observed from A. Retroflexus 2fertilized with NPK and the greatest stem girth was observed from A. Hypochondriacus fertilized with goat manure. The interaction of fertilization and accessions resulted in A. Retroflexus 2 fertilized with goat manure generating the greatest fresh shoot biomass (137.27g plant-1) and the least from the control. Both accessions fertilized with goat manure attained the greatest dry leaf biomass. Insummer, A.Retroflexus2 outperformed A. Hypochondriacus in calcium content despite the treatments. Unfertilized A. Retroflexus2 produced leaves with high potassium. Both unfertilized accessions showed the highest magnesium content. All A. Retroflexus2 treatments outperformed A. Hypochondriacus treatments on iron content except the control. The summer season was the best in terms of growth and yield of the tested accessions. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Natural Resource Management, 2021
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- Date Issued: 2021-12