The study of hydroxyoximes and hydroxamic acids supported on macroporous resins and their use in the rapid seperation of metals
- Authors: Hemmes, Marlene
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: Chromatographic analysis , Separation (Technology) , Metal ions , Solvent extraction , Extraction (Chemistry) , Oximes , Metals -- Analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4453 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009512
- Description: Introduction: The macroporous Amberlite XAD resins were coated with LIX-64N and examined for the rate of uptake of copper . XAD-7 was by far the best support and gave a satisfactory rate of uptake up to loadings of 60% (w/w). The specific surface area of XAD-7 was measured by the adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution. The area of the wetted resin was five times less than that of the dry resin. LIX-65N was purified and the anti isomer characterised using spectroscopic techniques . The rate of uptake of copper was not improved by use of purified LIX-65N or by addition of LIX-63. XAD-7 coated with LIX-65N was used in columns. Elution curves for copper showed negligible tailing, and rapid separations of copper from iron (111), nickel, cobalt and magnesium by selective absorption were achieved. Copper was concentrated from very dilute solution at a flow rate of 50 ml min -1 ,and a 99% recovery was obtained. The method was applied to the rapid determination of copper in brass and bronze. A series of long-chain hydroxamic acids were synthesised and tested for suitability as stationary phase on XAD-7. Oleohydroxamic acid and naphthenohydroxamic acid were the most promising. The r ate of uptake of copper was reduced by the use of nonylphenol or amyl alcohol as a diluent. The capacities for copper of the hydroxamic acids were less when supported on XAD-7 than when used as liquid ionexchangers. The distribution coefficients of cobalt, nickel, zinc, lead, vanadium, uranium, iron (111) and copper were measured as a function of pH. XAD-7 coated with oleohydroxamic acid was used in columns for the rapid separation of iron (111) from copper and of copper from nickel, cobalt, lead and zinc. Copper was concentrated from very dilute solution at a flow rate of 45 ml min -1 and a 100,8% recovery was obtained. Copper was successfully separated from nickel by selective elution. The elution curves obtained show negligible tailing. The resin loaded with oleohydroxamic acid lost capacity due to chemical instability. Naphthenohydroxamic acid supported on XAD-7 was not suitable for use in columns, because it was physically unstable.
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- Date Issued: 1979
The geochemistry and petrology of the Karoo andesites and associated basalts of the north-eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Rumble, Keith Christopher
- Date: 1979 , 2013-02-11
- Subjects: Basalt , South Africa , Cape of Good Hope , Geochemistry , Petrology , Andesite
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M.Sc
- Identifier: vital:4902 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001562
- Description: New geochemical data consisting of major and 15 trace element analyses are presented for 41 rocks from three andesitic and associated basaltic rock occurrences in the North Eastern Cape Province. These include the Pronksberg, Belmore and Roodehoek localities. Field evidence suggests that the three andesites were emplaced during the early stages of Karoo volcanicity. Geochemical variations within the Pronksberg and Roodehoek andesite are small, manifesting the undifferentiated nature of the magmas. Variations within the Belmore andesite are interpreted as representing fractionation of orthopyroxene, accompanied by only minor plagioclase fractionation. Differences in trace element concentrations and inter-element ratios between the andesites and associated basalts of the Pronksberg and Belmore volcanic suites precludes the possibility of the two rock types being genetically related. Geochemical differences constrain the possibility of the three andesites being cogenetic. Magmatic processes resulting in their formation are, however, thought to be similar. The differences in chemistry between the Pronksberg Basalt (High K Type) and Pronksberg Basalt (Drumbo Type) are interpreted as representing the combined influence of weathering, the presence of amygdales and the within-flow variations of alkali elements on the Pronksberg Basalt (High K Type). Similarities in petrography and chemistry justifies a correlation of the Pronksberg Basalt (Drumbo Type) with the Drumbo Basalt Member in the Barkly East area. Data for the Drumbo Basalt (This study) in the Barkly East area confirms and complements previously presented data. Normative chemistry and strontium isotope data indicate a process involving crustal assimilation or melting of crustal rocks as being the most likely explanation for the genesis of the Karoo andesites , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
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- Date Issued: 1979
An automatic programming system to generate payroll programs
- Authors: Fielding, Elizabeth Vera Catherine
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: Computer software -- Development , Programming (computers) , Software architecture
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4695 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011829 , Computer software -- Development , Programming (computers) , Software architecture
- Description: The purpose of this project was to try to investigate one approach to the problem of automatically generating programs from some specification. Rather than following the approach which requires the user to define his problem using some formulation, it was decided to look at a class of problems that have similar solutions, but have many variations, and to try to design a system capable of obtaining user requirements and generating solutions tailored to these requirements. The aim was to design the system in such a way that it could be extended to cater for other classes of problems, so that eventually a system which could automatically generate program solutions for a range of problems might be developed. Intro. p. 1.
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- Date Issued: 1979
The quality of threat in modern painting
- Authors: Radford, Anne Margaret
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: Painting, Modern -- 20th century
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2453 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007578
- Description: From Introduction: We not only tolerate violence, we put it on the front pages of our newspapers. One-third or one-fourth of our television programmes use it for the amusement of our children. Condone! My dear friends, we love it." -Karl Menninger, psychiatrist. War is one of the most violent of man's past-times, yet many of the atrocities committed are termed heroic deeds. Andre Malraux, one of the leading writer-philosophers of his day, praised the international involvement by so many writers, artists, etc. in the Spanish Civil War as one of the most wonderful deeds of brotherhood in the history of mankind. There is a strange idolatry that is often accorded to violent criminals such as the early American outlaws, and people like Charles Manson, around whom an entire cult has sprung up. The "aggressive machismo" is something that boys and young men strive to achieve in most countries in the Western world. Scientlsts and philosophers have puzzled these paradoxes for centuries, and this effort to unravel the mystery of violence and aggression bears a fateful significant. For the quality of human life and the survival of man are involved. Robbery, rape, riots, vandalism, are all now part of man's existence. Around the world, violence has soared. In London, violent crimes increased by 39 per cent in three years. Even sports events (the soccer fans stage gang wars at most soccer matches nowadays, especially in England,) and entertainment ---books, movies, television--- have become permeated with violence. It has not always been as bad as this, and as art imitates life, life imitates art, and so aggressive paintings, threatening paintings are now commonplace. In this dissertation, I have studied this development of threat in painting. What follows is the course my study has taken.
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- Date Issued: 1979
Graaff-Reinet and the Great Depression (1929-1933)
- Authors: Minnaar, Anthony de V
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: Graaff-Reinet (South Africa) -- History , South Africa -- Economic conditions -- 1918-1961
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2518 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001847
- Description: The Depression of 1929-1933 was a world-wide phenomenon, in which "no aspect of the economy, no part of the world, escaped devastation". ¹ Accordingly the study of a medium sized rural town in South Africa during the period of the Depression, should show effects and reactions that were, in general, indicative of worldwide trends. In choosing Graaff- Reinet, I felt that being a close-knit community , with its urban and rural populations closely associated with each other, and the white, coloured and black sections of the population interdependent, it adequately represented a microcosm of South Africa as a whole. Then, too, Graaff- Reinet was ideally suited to illustrate the reality, that in South Africa during the Depression " the farmers were the most heavily hit of all". ² The single most significant product of the Graaff- Reinet district was wool, which at the time of the Depression was South Africa's second most important export, and consequently the well-being of the whole district depended largely on the market performance of this product . During the Depression the price of wool dropped drastically and the Graaff-Reinet farmers suffered in consequence . Graaff-Reinet also went, almost according to a blueprint, through the general phases of the Depression. The privations of the farming community led to the financial embarrassment of the local financial institutions causing their collapse , which in its turn led to the widespread hardship of everyone in the town. But these events all had a particular Graaff-Reinet quality, and the twists to the general outline are rooted deep in the local character of the district . Historically Graaff-Reinet is extremely interesting. It is the fourth oldest town in South Africa, being established in 1786, and in studying Graaf-Reinet one cannot but become conscious of the immense tradition and the awareness of history , which all its people have. The study itself starts with a general outline of the Worldwide Depre ssion, its causes and results, then moves on to the Depression in South Africa . The study of Graaff-Reinet in the Depression is divided into three basic sections, the Farmers, the Townspeople, and the Politics of Graaff-Reinet during the Depression. All three contain their own sub-divisions dealing with different aspects. In the Graaff-Reinet sections are included references to national events, tying them to, and explaining the course of, local happenings. In short the study becomes the story of how the Depression effected the people of Graaff-Reinet, how they suffered during this period and how they reacted to it. A final concluding section deals with their general recovery from the Depression. ¹ Heaton, H. : Kruger, D. W. The Economic History of Europe. p. 696. ²The Making of a Nation; a history of the Union of South Africa 19l0 - 1960. p. 158.
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- Date Issued: 1979
Sedimentology of the Katberg sandstone in the Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Stavrakis, Nicholas
- Date: 1979 , 2013-10-16
- Subjects: Sedimentology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Geology, Stratigraphic -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5034 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007355 , Sedimentology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Geology, Stratigraphic -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: The Katberg Sandstone is an arenaceous formation occuring stratigraphically three querters of the way up in the Beaufort Group in the south-eastern part of the main Karoo basin. A sedimentological study was carried out on the Katberg Sandstone and adjacent formations, in a 2 000 km² area south of Queenstown. Stratigraphic sections were measured and lithofacies based on the style of Miall (1977) were established for the Katberg Sandstone, Balfour and Burgersdorp Formations. Stratigraphic relationships show that the Burgersdorp Formation in the study area, is the lateral (distal) equivalent of the Katberg Sandstone. The changeover from sandstone to predominantly shale lithology occurs roughly east-west between Cathcart and Whittlesea. Stream hydraulic theory is discussed and the sedimentary structures of the various lithofacies are explained in terms of this theory. An analysis was done of thirty-four palaeochannels, and their various ancient flow characteristics were derived via multiple regression equations and a FORTRAN computer program. A statistical analysis of bedform structures, showed that flat-bedding of the upper flow regime is the dominant sedimentary structure of the Katberg Sandstone. Trough cross-bedding originating in aqueous dunes and planar cross-bedding of transverse bars, are fairly well represented while ripples are virtually absent. The opposite applies to the Balfour Formation where lower flow regime structures, viz., ripple cross-lamination and trough cross-bedding predominate. There is an even spread of (upper) flat-bedding, trough cross-bedding and ripple cross-lamination in the Burgersdorp Formation. Detailed measurement of typical short sequences from sections of the three formations, and transition matrix analyses, showed the facies assemblages to be of three stream types: (i) Katberg type: similar to Platte type of Miall (1977). Sediments were deposited by swiftly flowing, low sinuosity, braided, ephemeral streams with a predominantly sand bedload. Each flow started with preconsolidated silt and mud (flakes), and movement of exogenetic pebble lags. Channel avulsion and deposition of mud drapes in higher topographic levels of the stream were common phenomena. (ii) Balfour type: characterised by lateral accretion point bar type sequences of high sinuosity streams, and vertical accretion floodplain deposits. Lower flow regime dune and ripple bedform structures overlying (upper) flat-beds indicate a loss of stream power with channel migration. (iii) Burgersdorp type: similar to Katberg type for sandstone units, also crevasse-splays onto thick subaerially exposed floodplain aggradation reddish shales. Conventional microscopy and SEM studies showed tremendous diagenetic effects mostly in the form of secondary quartz growth in the sandstones of the three formations. Electron microprobe analyses were done on titanomagnetite grains from heavy mineral layers of the Katberg Sandstone, so that thermometric predictions could be made on provenance rocks. Palaeocurrents of the Katberg Sandstone are mostly Rank 4 and 5 types (Miall, 1974), i.e., they were generated within bars with not much change in stream orientation. Burgersdorp and Balfour formation palaeocurrents are Rank 1 - 3 types. In the case of the former this is owing to directional changes in channels as a result of frequent crevasse-splays, and in the case of the latter owing to differences in orientation between entire tracts of highly sinuous palaeostreams. Palaeocurrent directions in the Katberg Sandstone indicate a southeasterly provenance which accords with the findings of other Beaufort Group workers. Bed relief index calculations (Smith, 1970), made on Katberg rocks, considered together with the abundance of planar cross-bedding (of transverse bars) and apparent absence of longitudinal bars, testify to the deposition of the Katberg Sandstone in the distal parts of the braided stream environment. The Beaufort sediments of the study area have the sedimentological characteristics of a molasse sequence, but a different implied tectonogenesis. During Balfour sedimentation the equilibrium base was being raised very slowly at the source and complete fluvial sequences were deposited under a humid temperate climate, on a slowly subsiding plain. During Katberg/Burgersdorp times, source area tectonism was pronounced but interrupted and incomplete sequences were deposited under an arid climate. Provenance rocks for the formations studied included biotite mesoperthitic granite, granulite, charnockite, granite porphyry, granophyre, metaquartzite, greenschist and possibly diorite, epidosit e and alkaline volcanic rocks. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
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- Date Issued: 1979
Lesniewski's logic aspects of his protothetic, ontology and mereology
- Authors: Norman, Max
- Date: 1979
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:21148 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6596
- Description: Stanislaw Lesniewski (1886-1939) was professor of Philosophy of Mathematics at the University of Warsaw from 1919 until his death. He played a leading role in the Warsaw school of logic and had a lasting influence on many of its members. Lesniewski constructed his first description of mereology in colloquial language and in the absence of a secure logical foundation. In order to effectively distinguish between the collective and distributive notions of class, further description of the distributive notion was necessary. He therefore formalized the distributive concepts in his theory of ontology. Henceforth "ontology" will be used specifically to refer to this theory of Lesniewski. Finally, the construction of protothetic (a system of propositional logic) provided a sound logical foundation of Lesniewski's ontology and mereology. Protothetic, together with his prescribed rules of procedure and his grammar of semantic categories, also facilitated the formalization of his systems in a logically rigorous manner. All of the researchers acknowledge that one of Lesniewski's most fundamental achievements was the development of his deductive systems (protothetic, ontology and mereology).
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- Date Issued: 1979
Satan and Lucifer: a comparison of their metamorphoses from Angel to Devil in Milton's Paradise lost and Vondel's Lucifer and Adam in Ballingschap
- Authors: Paterson, Lynette
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: Milton, John, 1608-1674 Vondel, Joost van den, 1587-1679
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2184 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001837
- Description: The aim of this thesis is to compare the poetic delineation of the character of Satan in Paradise Lost with that of Lucifer in Lucifer and Adam in Ballingschap, and to consider the influence of the genre in each case , not in order to prove similarities or differences , but rather to allow the characters to illuminate each other. Both Satan and Lucifer develop progressively from angel to devil in the course of the poem or play. However, this process is more than just a physical metamorphosis, or even a moral degeneration. It is in each case a process of identity change, intensely and consciously experienced by the character. The fall is a movement from God to Self. The unfallen creature's integrity consists in his submergence in the Being and Will of God; for the fallen creature integrity means a separate, independent self-hood. In rebelling against their role and duty as Archangel, Satan and Lucifer rebel against submergence in the Being of God and thus against their very nature and the order of things. Consequently they experience personal and psychological disintegration. From this condition of imbalance and uncertainty they both develop to a new state of personal reintegration and unequivocal identity, now as Arch-fiend. In neither case is the process instant or entirely concurrent with the physical fall into Hell. Rather, it is protracted, hence the division of this thesis into sections that focus on the different stages in the development: Archangel, Arch-rebel and Arch- fiend (introduction, p. ii-iii).
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- Date Issued: 1979
Land, labour and African affairs, 1924-1934
- Authors: Lacey, Marian
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: Apartheid -- South Africa -- History , Land tenure -- South Africa , Labor and laboring classes -- South Africa , South Africa -- Politics and government -- 1909-1948
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2581 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004602
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- Date Issued: 1979
A computer-controlled tracking system
- Authors: Oberem, Graham Edmund
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: Artificial satellites -- Tracking
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5437 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001990
- Description: A computer-controlled tracking system has been designed and constructed for the two metre antenna of the 22 GHz radio telescope at Rhodes University. The control system has been tested and its step response has been analysed with a view to response time optimization. Computer programs for tracking the sun and the moon have been written. Initial results of tracking the sun have revealed linearity and temperature stability problems. These problems have been investigated and suggestions have been made as to how they might be removed
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- Date Issued: 1979
The nature and function of setting in Jane Austen's novels
- Authors: Kelly, Patricia Marguerite Wyndham
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: Austen, Jane, 1775-1817 , English fiction , Eighteenth century , Novel , Setting , Northanger Abbey , Pride and Prejudice , Mansfield Park , Emma
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2172 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001823
- Description: This study examines the settings in Jane Austen's six novels. Chapter I introduces the topic generally, and refers briefly to Jane Austen's aims and methods of creating her settings. Short accounts are given of the emphasis put on setting in the criticism of Jane Austen's work; of the chronology of the novels; and of the use made of this aspect of the novel in eighteenth-century predecessors. Chapter II deals with the treatment of place in Northanger Abbey, Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Mansfield Park and Emma. The consideration of five novels together makes it possible to generalize about aspects of place common to all , and to discuss particulars peculiar to individual novels without, I hope, excessive repetition. The chapter may be thought disproportionately long, but this aspect of setting is most prominent and important in the delineation of character. Chapter III discusses the handling of spatial detail and time in these five novels. Chapter IV offers a fuller analysis of what is the chief concern of this thesis, the nature and function of setting, in respect of the single novel Persuasion, and attempts to draw together into a coherent whole some of the points made in Chapters II and III. Persuasion separates conveniently from the other works, not only because it was written after them, but more importantly because in it there is a new development in Jane Austen's use of setting. Some critics, notably E.M. Forster and B.C. Southam, have found startlingly new qualities in the setting of Sanditon, and, certainly, the most striking feature of the fragment is the treatment of place. But Jane Austen left off writing Sanditon in March 1817 because of illness, and the twelve chapters make up too small and unfinished a piece to be considered in the same way as the other novels. The Watsons, too, except for some references to it in Chapter I, does not come within the scope of this dissertation. Another introductory point needs to be made briefly. Where it is necessary, the distinction between Jane Austen and the omniscient narrator is observed, but generally, partly because it is clear that Jane Austen's values are close to those of the narrator, and partly because it is convenient, traditional and sensible to do so, the name "Jane Austen" is used to refer both to the actual person and to the narrator of the novels.
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- Date Issued: 1979
Aspects of the bioavailability of topical corticosteroid formulations
- Authors: Magnus, Ashley Denis
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: Adrenocortical hormones , Dermatopharmacology , Dermatologic agents , Transdermal medication
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3724 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001458
- Description: Two possible variables of the McKenzie/Stoughton blanching assay, namely amount applied to the test site and occlusion time have been investigated. Subsequently, two topical steroid preparations, Synalar cream (0,025% fluocinolone acetonide) and Betnovate cream (0,1% betamethasone 17- valerate) were extemporaneously diluted with five and six placebo bases respectively. Taking cognizance of the two possible variables, these diluted preparations were assessed in vivo using a modified version of the McKenzie/Stoughton blanching assay for blanching activity over a 14 month period. It was found that the base E45, which is slightly alkali, had the greatest effect on both preparations. In the case of betamethasone 17-valerate this base caused the conversion to the less active isomer, betamethasone 21-valerate whereas at the end of the 14 month test period it was found that the Synalar/E45 dilution contained no fluocinolone acetonide. Quantitative analysis of all the diluted preparations by high performance liquid chromatography using a reverse-phase system was performed. The data obtained from the systematic studies of the effects of varying concentrations and occlusion times were presented at the Eleventh National Congress of the South African Pharmacological Society
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- Date Issued: 1979
Transcending the culture of poverty in a Black South African township
- Authors: Wilsworth, Mercia Joan
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: Black people , South Africa , Grahamstown , Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2085 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001602
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- Date Issued: 1979
The nouvelles of Henry James : a phenomeno-generic approach
- Authors: Bijker, Antony Jan
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: Novelists, American -- 19th century -- Diaries , James, Henry, 1843-1916 -- Notebooks, sketchbooks, etc. , James, Henry, 1843-1916 -- Diaries
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2168 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001819
- Description: From Introduction: The present work is about the nouvelles of Henry James and not about phenomenology. That is to say that I am more concerned with James's use of the form of the nouvelle than with the illustration of a method. But, as Roland Barthes has pointed out: "How can we tell the novel from the short story, the tale from the myth, suspense drama from tragedy ... without reference to a common model? Any critical attempt to describe even the most specific, the most historically orientated narrative form implies such a model. "I Hence, because phenomenology is somewhat alien to the Anglo-American critical sensibility, I must temporarily reverse this emphasis and discuss the phenomenological "model" that underlies my investigation of James and the nouvelle form. Elsewhere phenomenological theory will take precedence only when it throws light on what is a highly elusive genre.
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- Date Issued: 1979
Extinction as consummation: an exposition of Virginia Woolf's mataphysic of visionary relation
- Authors: Ryan, Rory
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: Woolf, Virginia, 1882-1941 , Virginia Woolf
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2171 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001822
- Description: What follows is an attempt to circumscribe Virginia Woolf's ideas on life and death, the relation between self and all that which is not self, and the nature of reality, in short, Woolf's vision. I hope that whatever unity and structure may exist in the vision will not be overlooked, and moreover, I intend to avoid imposing a unity where none exists, whether the absence of unity is intentional or accidental
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- Date Issued: 1979
The contribution of Spartina Maratima (Curtis) Fernald to the primary production of the Swartkops estuary
- Authors: Pierce, Shirley May
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: Estuarine biology -- South Africa -- Swartkops River Estuary , Spartina
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4174 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002022 , Estuarine biology -- South Africa -- Swartkops River Estuary , Spartina
- Description: The primary production of Spartina maritima, the dominant macrophyte of the intertidal salt marshes of the Swartkops estuary, was determined for inclusion into the proposed ecosystem model. Several methods for measuring net production devised for North temperate Spartina species were used, as no single method was considered reliable for the local species. In addition, a new method was devised to take into account the aseasonal growth behaviour of S. maritima . Most energy for growth appears to be directed into leaf production, rather than shoot growth. Live net production values were 523-680 g m⁻² yr ⁻¹, which are generally lower than estimates of N. American Spartina species. Total Live production of S. maritima for the whole Swartkops estuary was 495,6 x I0³kg yr ⁻¹, which is an estimation of potential food resources. Formation of S. maritima detritus by decomposition was significantly related to air and water temperatures. Thus detritus production showed a wide seasonal variation about a mean of 374 g m⁻² yr⁻¹. The total S. maritima detritus production of 307,5 x I0³kg for the whole Swartkops estuary was determined as an estimate of available food resources. Export of detrital material from Spartina marshes to estuarine waters was negligible. Even during a maximal Equinoctial tide, only 6,26 dry g m⁻² detritus was exported from the creek catchment area of Spartina stands. This study has shown that concepts evolved for North temperate estuaries should be carefully considered before being applied to local situations, particularly in view of the relatively low, aseasonal production of S. maritima and the negligible contribution of its detritus to estuarine waters. Furthermore, it is essential that utilisation of primary production by secondary producers be determined before the function of the estuarine ecosystem may be understood
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- Date Issued: 1979
The incorporation of certain psychological and sociological perspectives into social work intervention : a general systems approach
- Authors: Collins, Anton Daniel
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: Sociol service -- Psychological aspects Social service -- Sociological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:685 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002010
- Description: In this dissertation the use of general systems theory as an aid to knowledge building, and the refinement of intervention in social work, is investigated. It is held that the social work view of man, and the profession's declared objectives, determine a structure and function for the client.which cause the social worker to resort to psychological and sociological perspectives in his intervention programme. However, the two disciplines concerned formulate their respective perspectives without regard to each other. The disparity between these perspectives present problems when they are incorporated into social work knowledge. The latter, as it is, is characterized by an unco-ordinated body of suppositions, facts, thoughts and theories. The social work literature on the use of the systems approach displays a lack of detailed description of general systems theory and the open living system. Because of this shortcoming it was decided to pay particular attention to general systems theory and the concept of the open living system. Since a system's view of man forms a firm basis for the appreciation of systems theory in psychology and sociology it was decided to include such a consideration. Following on this is an analysis of two perspectives held to be particularly relevant to social work, viz. the personality system and the social system. This leads finally to a description of the social work client as a system, as a sub-system and as a supra-system. Provision is made for the incorporation of psychological and sociological perspectives in social work intervention. It is subsequently concluded that the application of general systems theory has advantages for social work. It facilitates the incorporation of perspectives for psychology and sociology without distortion, promotes the integration and consolidation of social work knowledge, and brings the discipline into relation with the disciplines of psychology and sociology
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- Date Issued: 1979
The development of an improved coded-pulse, vertical-incidence ionosonde
- Authors: Cretchley, Brian Brind
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: Ionosondes Ionospheric sounds Computer simulation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5436 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001989
- Description: This thesis describes the theoretical development of a new ionospheric sounding system. The different types of ionosonde, their prime objectives, and their relative merits and demerits are discussed. The various types of code and their correlation functions are described. The essential requirements of the new system are listed, and suitable codes are found for it. Computer calculations and mathematical derivations demonstrate the (theoretical) suitability of these codes under all conditions. Essentials of the mode of operation of the system and details of its design are specified, and computer simulations are used to examine relevant aspects of its operation. Finally, since the construction of the system is not complete and results cannot therefore be presented, the present state of construction of the system is described
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- Date Issued: 1979
Protest in fiction : an approach to Alex la Guma
- Authors: Cornwell, David Gareth Napier
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: La Guma, Alex , South African literature (English) -- Black authors -- History and criticism , Protest literature, South African (English) -- History and criticism
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2169 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001820
- Description: From Introduction: Thus for the black South African, the act of creative writing is inescapably a form of political action, and unless he turns his back on the reality which confronts him and retreats into a private imaginary world, it is also a form of social action, Yet Ezekiel Mphahlele has rightly cautioned that "creating an imaginary world" can never be an effective substitute for social act ion . Composing fictions about social and political problems is an indubitably oblique way of seeking a solution to them, and even the tendentious recreation of reality is only a metaphor for its actual transformation. Protest writing in South Africa is paradoxically a form of social action which is also only a parasitical imitation of social action, and therefore its avoidance . The freedom of literary creation described above is ambiguously not only a freedom to express reality, but also a freedom from the constraints of reality. And this suggests why the outlaw was such an important symbol to an earlier generation of rather more self-conscious writers.
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- Date Issued: 1979
A psychodiagnostic study of adolescent stealing
- Authors: Lewis, Deborah A
- Date: 1979
- Subjects: Theft -- Research -- South Africa , Theft -- Psychology , Juvenile delinquency -- South Africa -- Case studies , Juvenile delinquency -- Research -- Methodology , Projective techniques for teenagers -- Research , Adolescent psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3121 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005982 , Theft -- Research -- South Africa , Theft -- Psychology , Juvenile delinquency -- South Africa -- Case studies , Juvenile delinquency -- Research -- Methodology , Projective techniques for teenagers -- Research , Adolescent psychology
- Description: Studies on delinquency fall into two groups, a statistical orientation and a qualitative approach. This study adopted the latter approach using Maslow's theory to investigate the relationship between unmet needs and stealing. It also attempted to explicate the function of stealing for each individual and focused upon interpersonal and intrapersonal aspects. The Rorschach, Thematic Apperception Test and the Draw a Person Test were administered to four white male adolescents who had stolen. Their ages ranged from 14 to 17 years. An analysis of each test was completed focusing upon the needs of the individual. In addition the case history and impressions gained during testing were included. It was found that unmet needs had resulted in stealing. Their personalities displayed common characteristics but differences were also evident. A summary was provided and the implications for therapy were then discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1979