A novel technique for artificial pack formation in African wild dogs using odour familiarity:
- Authors: Marneweck, Courtney J , Marchal, Antoine F J , Marneweck, David G , Beverley, Grant , Davies-Mostert, Harriet T , Parker, Daniel M
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/150060 , vital:38935 , https://doi.org/10.3957/056.049.0116
- Description: Reintroductions are recognized tools for species recovery. However, operations are costly, difficult to implement, and failures are common and not always understood. Their success for group-living species depends on the mimicry of natural processes that promote social integration. Due to fragmented landscapes, human mediated (i.e. artificial) group formation is often required.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
A tetrapod fauna from within the Devonian Antarctic Circle
- Authors: Gess, Robert W , Ahlberg, Per Erik Ahlberg
- Date: 2009
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/72690 , vital:30100 , https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaq1645 , https://www.sciencemag.org/content/360/6393/1120/suppl/DC1
- Description: Until now, all known fossils of tetrapods (limbed vertebrates with digits) and near-tetrapods (such as Elpistostege, Tiktaalik, and Panderichthys) from the Devonian period have come from localities in tropical to subtropical paleolatitudes. Most are from Laurussia, a continent incorporating Europe, Greenland, and North America, with only one body fossil and one footprint locality from Australia representing the southern supercontinent Gondwana. Here we describe two previously unknown tetrapods from the Late Devonian (late Famennian) Gondwana locality of Waterloo Farm in South Africa, then located within the Antarctic Circle, which demonstrate that Devonian tetrapods were not restricted to warm environments and suggest that they may have been global in distribution.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
Abstract Algebra: MAT 311
- Authors: Makamba, B B , Murali, V
- Date: 2011-06
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17606 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1009981
- Description: Algebra: MAT 311, degree examination June 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-06
Academic Practice and Reasoning: APR 122
- Authors: Siziba, L P , Makwela, B
- Date: 2012-02
- Subjects: English
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:18235 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1011227
- Description: Academic Practice and Reasoning: APR 122, degree examination February 2012.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2012-02
Advanced Farm Planning and Decision Making: AGE 503
- Authors: Trollip, I R F , Kudhalande, G
- Date: 2009-11
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17672 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010066
- Description: Advanced Farm Planning and Decision Making: AGE 503, honours examination November 2009.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2009-11
AfrOBIS: a marine biogeographic information system for sub-Saharan Africa
- Authors: Grundlingh, M L , St Ange, U B , Bolton, John J
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7137 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011813
- Description: AfrOBIS is one of 11 global nodes of the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), a freely accessible network of databases collating marine data in support of the Census of Marine Life.Versatile graphic products, provided by OBIS, can be used to display the data. To date, AfrOBIS has loaded about 3.2 million records of more than 23 000 species located mainly in the seas around southern Africa. This forms part of the 13.2 million records of more than 80 000 species currently stored in OBIS. Scouting for South African data has been successful, whereas locating records in other African countries has been much less so.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Agrometeorology: AGC 111 and AGC 111F
- Authors: Mutengwa, C S , Maphaha, M F
- Date: 2011-06
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17634 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010012
- Description: Agrometeorology: AGC 111 and AGC 111F, degree examination June 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-06
Agrometeorology: AGC 111 and AGC 111F
- Authors: Mutengwa, C S , Maphaha, M F
- Date: 2011-07
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17630 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010007
- Description: Agrometeorology: AGC 111 and AGC 111F, supplementary examination July 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-07
An analysis of automatically scaled F1 layer data over Grahamstown, South Africa
- Authors: Jacobs, Linda , Poole, Allon W V , McKinnell, Lee-Anne
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6808 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004194
- Description: This paper describes an analysis of automatically scaled F1 layer data over Grahamstown, South Africa (33.3°S, 26.5°E). An application for real time raytracing through the South African ionosphere was identified, and for this application real time evaluation of the electron density profile is essential. Raw real time virtual height data are provided by a Lowell Digisonde (DPS), which employs the automatic scaling software, ARTIST whose output includes the virtual-to-real height data conversion. Experience has shown that there are times when the raytracing performance is degraded because of difficulties surrounding the real time characterisation of the F1 region by ARTIST. The purpose of this investigation is to establish the extent of the problem, the times and conditions under which it occurs, with a view to formulating remedial alternative strategies, such as predictive modelling.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
An indirect method to assess the energy expenditure of manual labourers in situ
- Authors: Scott, Patricia A , Christie, Candice J
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6742 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008390
- Description: The aim of ergonomics is to identify any incompatibility between worker capabilities and the demands of their job. It is therefore desirable that in a developing country such as South Africa we have some basic, yet valid and usable means of measuring worker responses to physically demanding manual tasks. Extensive ergonomic research has been conducted in the controlled environment of laboratories around the globe, but only a limited number of investigations have been conducted in the workplace. This is due to the impossibility of controlling the extraneous factors such as the environment and changing workloads while assessing worker responses, plus the impracticality of using hi-tech equipment under difficult conditions on unsophisticated workers. The likelihood of obtaining ‘natural’ responses thereby is low. The focus of this study was to establish a less invasive means of assessing the physiological responses (specifically energy expenditure) of manual labourers working in the field. Twenty-three forestry stackers were assessed. Heart-rate responses were recorded during a full shift, after which the workers participated in a submaximal incremental step test. Subjects were fitted with a gas analyser, and heart rate and oxygen consumption responses were measured throughout the 12-min test. These data were used to establish a regression equation based on the relationship between heart rate and oxygen consumption (r² = 0.49; r = 0.69). Using this equation (y=0.26x – 6.42), one can measure heart rate in the field and predict the energy cost of manual tasks.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
An unusual new fossil shark (Pisces: Chondrichthyes) from the Late Devonian of South Africa
- Authors: Anderson, M Eric , Long, John A , Gess, Robert W , Hiller, Norton
- Date: 1999
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/73910 , vital:30240 , http://museum.wa.gov.au/sites/default/files/10. Anderson, Long, Gess, Hiller.pdf
- Description: A new stem-group chondrichthyan fish, PlesioselacJllIs macracanthlls gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Late Devonian Witpoort Formation, representing an estuarine lagoon site, near Grahamstown, South Africa. Based on a single, fairly complete specimen, it is distinctive in its a single dorsal fin braced by a large, stout spine with numerous ribs and posterior denticles, apparently no second dorsal or anal fin, an amphistylic jaw suspension, and a distinctive triangular palatoquadrate. It is suggested that the species may represent a high-latitude, Late Devonian relict taxon.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1999
Analytical Chemistry 1: PAC 222
- Authors: Katwire, D M , Ajibade, P A
- Date: 2011-01
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17814 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010366
- Description: Analytical Chemistry 1: PAC 222, supplementary examination January/February 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-01
Analytical Methods: MAP 221
- Authors: Makamba, B B , Mahlasela, Z
- Date: 2010-11
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17609 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1009984
- Description: Analytical Methods: MAP 221, degree examination November 2010.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2010-11
Animal Breeding: AGA 322
- Authors: Muchenje, V , Chimoyo, M
- Date: 2009-11
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17554 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1009882
- Description: Animal Breeding: AGA 322, degree examination November 2009.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2009-11
Apis florea in Jordan: source of the founder population
- Authors: Haddad, N , Fuchs, S , Hepburn, H Randall , Radloff, Sarah E
- Date: 2009
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6844 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011047
- Description: A recent isolated population of Apis florea has been reported from Aqaba in Jordan at the Red Sea, consisting of numerous colonies within a still limited range which apparently is expanding. This region is about 1500 km apart from its next occurrences in Sudan where it had been introduced and first detected in 1985 and about 2000 km apart from its next natural occurrences in Iran and Oman. These bees apparently have been imported by human transport, most likely by ship. This new location thus represents a major jump in the progression of the species still to fill a wide area of possible locations offering adequate living conditions. Here we attempt to track the possible origin of this new population by morphometric methods. This analysis indicated closest relation to A. florea from Oman, thus being the most likely source of this population.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
Applied Time Series Analysis: STS 502
- Authors: Ndege, J O , De Waal, P J
- Date: 2011-06
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:11973 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010337
- Description: Applied Time Series Analysis: STS 502, Honours examinatino June 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-06
Applied Time Series Analysis: STS 502
- Authors: Ndege, J O , De Waal, D J
- Date: 2011-06
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17475 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010298
- Description: Applied Time Series Analysis: STS 502, Honours examination June 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-06
Assessing penetration enhances for topical corticosteroids
- Authors: Smith, Eric W , Haigh, John M
- Date: 1995
- Language: English
- Type: Book chapter
- Identifier: vital:6442 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006629
- Description: From introduction: Topical corticosteroids have been used for a wide range of dermatological conditions for the last 4 decades. For many years the topical delivery system was a relatively simple cream or ointment base, with little thought given to improving the formulation as far as drug delivery was concerned. The main emphasis in the initial stages of development was on the alteration of the corticosteroid molecule, in an attempt to produce moieties with a higher intrinsic topical effect with lower mineralocorticoid side effects. Once this avenue of research was exhausted, attention was placed on the lipophilicity of the molecule with the production of various types of esters in an attempt to produce molecules which would pass through the stratum corneum (SC) with reasonable ease. In recent years the nature of the semisolid drug delivery base has received considerable attention.2-5The nature of the vehicle has a profound effect on the rate of release of the topical corticosteroid from the formulation and its passage through the SC. One of the most important aspects of the formulation of the base is the inclusion of substances which aid this trads-SC diffusion, the so-called penetration enhancers.6The modes of action of the various different types of penetration enhancers are reviewed elsewhere in this book. The best method for the assessment of the release of corticosteroids from topical formulations is obviously the clinical tri~. Clinical trials, however, are laborious, costly, and difficult to mount. Patients suffering from dermatological complaints are not ideal subjects for the testing of topical corticosteroid formulations as it is difficult to obtain standardized lesions which are necessary for the comparison of results between formulations. Alternatively, a number of in vitro models exist for this type of assessment, but it is often problematic to obtain correlation with the in vivo situation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1995
Basic Chemistry: PAC 101
- Authors: Maqanda, V , Tichagwa, L
- Date: 2011-02
- Subjects: Chemistry
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17801 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010352
- Description: Basic Chemistry: PAC 101, supplementary February 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-02
Basic Chemistry: PAC 101
- Authors: Maqanda, V , Tichagwa, L
- Date: 2010-11
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17838 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010425
- Description: Basic Chemistry: PAC 101, degree examination November 2010.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2010-11