The dynamics of space use in some Lake Malawi fishes
- Authors: Robinson, Rosanna Lesley
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: Cichlids -- Nyasa, Lake Fishes -- Malawi Fishes -- Nyasa, Lake
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5264 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005108
- Description: Behaviour and space utilisation of rock-dwelling cichlids were observed at Thumbi East Island, Lake Malawi. 1. Males of five species of the mbuna complex held long-term territories. Pseudotropheus elongatus "aggressive" vigorously defended a feeding area and sometimes a spawning site interspecifically, but did not feed in the peripheral part of their territory. Spawning sites of Pseudotropheus zebra, Pseudotropheus tropheops "orange chest", Labeotropheus fuelleborni, and Petrotilapia nigra were interspecifically-defended, while larger mating territories were defended against conspecific neighbours. Feeding areas were shared with many fish and often extended beyond the defended area. There was considerable variation in behaviour and space use within and between species and between times of day. 2. Non-territorial P. zebra used larger ranges than territorial conspecifics, and fed more on plankton, but individuals had preferred benthic feeding areas, often in conspecific territories. These 'floaters' were often aggressive. Both size and relative brightness independently predicted the outcome of aggressive interactions between floaters, and a site-specific dominance hierarchy was suggested, with some individuals appearing to be semi-territorial. 3. Males and females of 21 and 13 species respectively were found to establish temporary breeding territories. Overall breeding seasonality was bimodal, but reproductive timing and territory characteristics differed among species. Temporary territories had a considerable impact on the behaviour and habitat use of all resident mbuna species, even causing abandonment of territories. 4. Non-breeding Protomelas taeniolatus had limited home ranges, and showed little aggression. During the highly-synchronised reproductive season, males defended spawning sites and females fry-guarding territories. Most chases were directed towards the commonest fish, but predators were chased further and faster. Female behaviour changed over the guarding period. Females generally continued territorial defence after the brood had disappeared. Most broods contained fry of different sizes and species. Significant benefits were found for guarding females with clustered territories, but females did not appear to choose sites adjacent to conspecific parental females. 5. Territoriality in fish is taxonomically widespread and may serve several functions according to species, sex and developmental stage. It also varies according to genotype- and phenotype-limited strategies and short term costs and benefits. Territories may be simultaneously multifunctional.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
The inner image: an examination of the life of Helen Elizabeth Martins leading to her creation The Owl House and A Camel Yard as outsider art
- Authors: Ross, Susan Imrie
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: Sculptors -- South Africa -- Biography Martins, Helen Elizabeth, 1897-1976 Owl House (Nieu Bethesda, South Africa) Art brut Women artists -- South Africa Nieu bethesda (South africa) -- Description and travel Primitivism in art Creation (Literary, artistic, etc.) Artists -- Psychology Symbolism in art
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2430 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002227
- Description: The Owl House is situated in the Karoo village of Nieu Bethesda, and the person responsible for its creation, Helen Elizabeth Martins (1897-1976), is South Africa's best known Outsider artist. A number of newspaper and magazine articles, television programmes, radio interviews, play, films, short stories, theses and art works have resulted directly from her work. Interest in The Owl House continues to grow, with visitors coming from all over South Africa, and various parts of the world,to visit it. The Owl House was Helen Martins' home for most of her 78 years. During the last 30 or so years of her life she devoted all her time and energy to transforming the interior of her house into a glistening fantasy world of colour and light, using crushed glass stuck to almost every surface, coloured glass pane inserts in the walls, mirrors of many sizes and shapes, and countless paraffin lamps and candles. She called her garden' A Camel Yard', and filled it with over 500 cement statues, structures and bas reliefs. All the labour involved, apart from crushing and sorting the coloured glass, was provided by at least four different men, who assisted her over the years, Johannes Hattingh, Jonas Adams, Piet van der Merwe and Koos Malgas, though Helen Martins was the inspiration and director behind it all. Through a study of Helen Martins' background and life, and their effects upon her psyche, a rigorous attempt has been made to reach some understanding of why she became a recluse, and what caused her to create this unique body of work comprising her entire domestic environment. She became increasingly asocial as her life progressed, and ultimately ended it by committing suicide in 1976. Through the universality of symbolism, the meanings of the subjects, themes and concerns which she chose to depict are studied. Then, together with some knowledge of her life and personal influences, an attempt has been made to deduce what it was that Helen Martins was trying to express and work through in her creations. This study also led to an awareness of the fact that, although each one is unique, there are many examples of Outsider Art throughout the world. Fundamentally, creators of Outsider Art remain asocial in relation to their cultural milieu and cultural context. Some other examples of Outsider Art, both in South Africa as well as in Europe and India, were visited, and are described and compared with The Owl House as well as with one another. The way in which society reacts or responds to Outsider Art and its creators is studied through the comprehensive records of one specific case which caused great controversy in Johannesburg during the 1970s. Ultimately, working alone or with assistance, it is the Outsider artist who is the driving force behind these unique works, and whose indefinable inner fire of passion alone makes it possible to bring them into being. It would seem that the fascination with Outsider Art is that through their work, creators allow others a glimpse into a different sense of reality which is both mysterious and inexplicable.
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- Date Issued: 1996
Controls on channel form and channel change in the Bell River, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Rowntree, Kate M , Dollar, Evan S J
- Date: 1996
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6723 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006801
- Description: Channel instability has occurred in the Bell River in the form of meander cutoffs, incipient meander cutoffs, and general channel instability. This paper examines the incidence of channel instability in relation to the spatial variability of factors controlling channel form. The locations of channel change were mapped from aerial photographs for a 40 year period. Channel form characteristics were measured over a 17 km stretch of channel. Data collected from this stretch included pattern, width, depth, form ratio, channel gradient, particle-size distribution of bed and bank materials and riparian vegetation. Results indicate that the two primary spatial controls on channel form and pattern are riparian vegetation and bed-material size. Evidence indicates that narrow stable stretches are associated with finer bed-material and relatively high levels of riparian vegetation. Riparian vegetation increases bank stability and reduces channel cross-section, thereby inducing stability at flows less than bankfull. However, at flows greater than bankfull, reduced channel capacity results in more frequent flooding which may ultimately lead to channel avulsion. Wider, unstable channels are associated with larger calibre bed material and relatively less riparian vegetation. Predicted threshold slopes for braiding have indicated that most reaches in the Bell river are close to or above the threshold slope for braiding. Since riparian vegetation serves to increase bank stability, steeper threshold slopes are required for braiding in channels with high vegetation density Recent incidences of channel instability have been identified as occurring in the transitional zone between the upper, coarser reach and lower, finer channel reach.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1996
A comparative study of the performance of English and Xhosa speaking children on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R)
- Authors: Runciman, Carey Lynn
- Date: 1996 , 2013-10-03
- Subjects: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children -- Cross-cultural studies , Children -- Intelligence testing , Psychological tests -- Cross-cultural studies , Educational tests and measurements -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:3150 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007467 , Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children -- Cross-cultural studies , Children -- Intelligence testing , Psychological tests -- Cross-cultural studies , Educational tests and measurements -- South Africa
- Description: The purpose of this study was to compare the WISC-R subtest score scatter patterns and obtain preliminary normative data on the WISC-R Adjunctive tests (Digit Span Forward; Digit Span Backward; Digit Supraspan; Coding Immediate Recall and Coding Delayed Recall) on a non-clinical population of South African English (n= 15) and Xhosa (n= 12) speaking, standard six children, studying in English medium schools. Tests were administered to 27 subjects, both male (n=19) and female (n=8), with a mean age of 14.1 years (range = 13.3-15.3). The results show that White English speaking children outperform Black Xhosa speaking children on Verbal, Performance and Full Scale IQs and all subtests, but that these differences tended to disappear when Full Scale IQ and school grade average were controlled for. No subtest score scatter was present for either group although more specific test items appeared to be more difficult for Xhosa speaking subjects and may have contributed to generally lowered scores. Results suggest that caution must be employed in assigning Xhosa speaking South African children to absolute IQ categories. However, the WISC-R has validity for diagnostic use on both White English speaking and Black Xhosa speaking South African children as there was no evidence of a significant Verbal IQ/Performance IQ discrepancy, or significant low subtest scatter for either group. Normative tables are presented for the use of WISC-R Adjunctive tests. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
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- Date Issued: 1996
Production ecology of bryophyte vegetation at Marion Island (Sub-Antarctic)
- Authors: Russell, Shaun
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: Bryophytes -- marion island (Prince edward islands) -- Ecology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4224 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003793
- Description: The world's tundra regions can be considered as the last unexploited terrestrial biome on the earth's surface. Bryophytes contribute significantly to primary production and nutrient cycling in tundra habitats but received considerably less attention than the vascular plants during research for the Tundra Biome Project of the International Biological Programme in the 1970s. The IBP synthesis recognised this and called for more bryophyte production data and improved methodology in future studies. The synthesis also identitied the need for more information on within-site variability, energy/chlorophyll relationships and mineral nutrient studies where tundra bryophyte production patterns are concerned. Marion Island in the sub-Antarctic has an oceanic "tundra" type of vegetation, and the island offers the characteristics of an ideal "natural laboratory" for conducting fundamental ecological research particularly in the field of primary production and energy flow. Studies at Marion Island paralleled those of the IBP but also concentrated on the vascular component of the vegetation. Bryophytes contribute up to 60% of the biomass and 90% of plant cover in the mires that dominate the well-vegetated coastal plain of Marion Island. Following the termination of IBP research therefore it was decided to extend these studies during the 1980s by measuring growth and characterising the major factors influencing growth patterns in Marion Island bryophytes. In this thesis information is given on the physical and biotic environment of Marion Island. Data is presented on the cover, biomass, seasonal and annual production values, and turn-over rates (decomposition) of 15 bryophyte species found across the full range of habit at types at Marion Island. An analysis is also made of growth-associated variables viz. soils, climate, plant energy, chlorophyll. water and mineral nutrient contents. Production was found to be related broadly to moisture-related variables, overlain by nutrient factors in some instances. Higher absolute production figures were obtained than at other tundra sites and interesting phenological data are discussed. The results suggest that decomposition is controlled mainly by tissue degradability factors and that decomposition is more significant than production in controlling biomass accumulation. A model is given for production/decomposition patterns across the range of habitat conditions at Marion Island. Several growth measurement techniques were tested and recommendations are made concerning methodology for future bryophyte production studies. By reference to ecological data collected during the study.
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- Date Issued: 1996
The manufacture of chaos and compromise: an analysis of the path to reform in South Africa
- Authors: Ryklief, Cheryl Cecelia
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: South Africa -- Politics and government -- 1994- , Apartheid -- South Africa -- History , South Africa -- Race relations , Black people -- South Africa -- Politics and government , South Africa -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: text , thesis
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/76218 , vital:30521
- Description: This dissertation examines the factors leading to the opening of negotiations to majority rule in South Africa. It argues that changes to the socio-economic environment led to the growth of the strategic relevance of the black working class, and also created certain points of collision between the black working class and the policies of the state. These sectoral collisions engendered both the partial reforms of the Botha era as well as the rejection of these reforms by the black majority. The developments that emerged from the ensuing process of reform, resistance and repression in the 1980s weakened both the state and the black opposition sufficiently to allow for the emergence of a consensual solution to the political stalemate. , Dissertation submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Liverpool for the degree of Master of Arts
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- Date Issued: 1996
Up Beat Issue Number 3 1995
- Authors: SACHED
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: SACHED
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/116089 , vital:34296
- Description: Where is Maputaland? It is in Northern Kwazulu/Natal. For many years, the government ignored far away places like Maputaland. The roads are terrible and there are few buses. People must walk a very long way to get to a clinic or a shop. The people of Maputaland wanted to solve their transport problem. So they got together with the Khuphuka Skills Training and Employment Programme. Khuphuka is training local people to build drains, roads and bridges. In the Ingwavume and KwaNgwanase districts, 36 young men and women are training to be team leaders. While they work, they are being taught all about how to build roads. When they graduate from the course, they will supervise other trainees. The project is part of the Reconstruction and Development Programme and is co-ordinated by the Department of Public Works.
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- Date Issued: 1996
Up Beat Issue Number 6 1992
- Authors: SACHED
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: SACHED
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/116270 , vital:34349
- Description: The two-hour drive from Cape Town to Worcester is long. But it’s not boring. You pass green, open farmlands where cattle graze. Every now and then, you cross a river or a stream. In the distance, the purple mountains frame the blue sky. Bree River High School In the valley surrounded by the Hottentots-Holland mountains, you find Worcester. Just outside the town is Bree River High School. Wilfred Zebedezela is a student there. He throws the shotput. He lives on a farm outside Worcester and he travels for an hour everyday to get to and from school. ‘At school there isn’t a place where I can train with weights, said Wilfred. ‘So I build my muscles by doing farm work. I would like to practice shotput at home, but I can’t because there is only one shotput at school. I can’t practise at school, as there is no teacher to stay behind in the afternoons with me.’ Ruduwaan Visagie is a 200 metre sprinter. ‘We can’t afford things like starting blocks. We ran in the South African Junior Athletics Championships. But some of our athletes almost couldn't take part. We didn’t have starting blocks. Fortunately, we managed to borrow some.’
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- Date Issued: 1996
Up Beat Issue Number 11 1994/5
- Authors: SACHED
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: SACHED
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/115981 , vital:34285
- Description: It's the end of a big year for all South Africans. April saw all of us rejoice and celebrate as Nelson Mandela became the first president of a free South Africa. But it has also been a difficult year. 'What's the use of freedom if our daily lives are ruled by guns?' This issue is explored in our feature 'Guns - what's to be done?' on page 4. But the youth of our country continue to believe in the future. Read about how young people in Wattville, are using their talents to brighten up their own neighbourhood on page 30. Now it's holiday time and Upbeat is packed with fun reading, games and lots of information on great holiday reads. So put up your feet and enjoy your well earned break. We wish all of you a happy and peaceful holiday. Thank- you for your support in 1994.
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- Date Issued: 1996
SADTU's Major three year capacity building programme
- Authors: SADTU
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: SADTU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134593 , vital:37180
- Description: SADTU has planned to launch a major capacity building programme in 1996. SADTU is a young union. Formed in 1990 as the only non-racial, non-sexist and democratic teachers’ union in South Africa, SADTU was viewed as a champion of teacher rights and thus the ideal organisation to campaign for transformative change. Consequently there was a significant shift of membership from established teacher associations. SADTU grasped this initiative and was able to earn an enviable position in educational struggles. The Union’s tremendous growth in size however has meant more responsibility at all organisational levels. Teachers’ demands and expectations have increased in the post apartheid era. Also the demands of educational reconstruction have become more complex. The country’s constitution and the new political demarcations have necessitated a realignment of our structures. The creation of nine provincial education departments with concurrent powers with the National Ministry of Education has introduced still more challenges for the Union. SADTU is now faced with the task of co-ordinating its activities at five levels, namely: National, Provincial, Regional, Branch and Site.
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- Date Issued: 1996
Overview and comparison of Besshi-type deposits ancient and recent
- Authors: Schoeman, Philo
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: Ore deposits -- Japan , Ore deposits -- Canada , Ore deposits -- Namibia , Ore deposits -- South Africa , Ore deposits
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4983 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005595 , Ore deposits -- Japan , Ore deposits -- Canada , Ore deposits -- Namibia , Ore deposits -- South Africa , Ore deposits
- Description: Besshi-type deposits range in age from early Proterozoic to early Tertiary, of which the largest number are late Proterozoic, early Palaeozoic or Mesozoic in age. No Archaean examples of Besshi-type deposits are known, probably due to insufficient availability of sialic crust for erosion and clastic marine sedimentation before the start of the Proterozoic. All Besshi-type deposits are contained within sequences of clastic sedimentary rock and intercalated basalts in a marine environment. The basalts and amphibolites are principally tholeiitic in composition. Besshi-type deposits characteristically form stratiform 1enses and sheet-like accumulations of semi-massive to massive sulphide. The main ore assemblage consists dominantly of pyrite and/or pyrrhotite with variable amounts of chalcopyrite, sphalerite and trace galena, arsenopyrite, gold and e1ectrum, barite being absent in general. The median Besshi-type deposit (n=75) contains 1.3 million tonnes (Mt) of massive sulphide with a Cu grade running at 1.43%. It is suggested that Besshi-type deposits form by both exhalative and synsedimentary replacement processes when considering geological features and comparisons with modern analogues in the Guaymas Basin, Middle Valley and Escanaba Trough. The currently forming metalliferous sediments in the Red Sea provide for a brine pool model explaining the lack of footwall feeder zones below sheet-like deposits. Where thick sulphide lenses are contained in some Besshi-type deposits, combinations of exhalative precipitation and sub-sea-floor replacement of permeable sediments and/or volcanic rocks, take place in the upper parts of submarine hydrothermal systems.
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- Date Issued: 1996
Perceptions of affirmative action
- Authors: Scott, Judith , Amos, Trevor L , Richard Scott, W
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/270914 , vital:54491 , xlink:href="https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC-67e7bffd2"
- Description: Private and public South African employers have instituted affirmative action policies meant to provide employment opportunities to Black South Africans. A body of literature suggests that because of affirmative action policies Black hopes have been raised while Whites view such policies as having a negative impact on their opportunities. However, no extant literature details an empirical investigation of these suggestions. Therefore, this study focusses on the affirmative action perceptions held by 350 South African university commerce students.
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- Date Issued: 1996
Cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemistry of osmium phthalocyanines in aqueous and non-aqueous solvents
- Authors: Sekota, Mantoa , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/293358 , vital:57078 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-5387(95)00581-1"
- Description: Cyclic voltammetry of osmium phthalocyanine complexes, [(CN)2OsIIPc]2− and (py)2OSIIPc (PC = phthalocyanine dianion), show two oxidation couples and two reduction couples in acetonitrile and dimethy1formamide. Oxidation and reduction in these complexes occur at the ring to form cation and anion radical species, respectively. The [(CN)2OsIIPC]2− complexes show a remarkable ease of ring oxidation with oxidation potentials that are much lower than is typical for metallophthalocyanines. Half-wave potentials of 0.25 and 0.67 V (versus saturated calomel electrode, SCE) were obtained for the first and second ring oxidations, respectively. The [(CN)2OSIIPc]2− complex is soluble in water at pHs greater than 4. This complex shows one oxidation couple in pH 9 buffer at −0.11 V versus SCE.
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- Date Issued: 1996
Newsletter of the Self-Employed Womens Union - No.15
- Authors: SEWU
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: SEWU
- Language: English,Xhosa,Zulu
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/155002 , vital:39820
- Description: SEWU aims to organise women who are marginalised in our society and our economy. Some of the most marginalised women are those living in informal settlements, in peri-urban areas and in hostels (especially those living in men’s hostels). Many women from these types of areas have now heard about SEWU, and have started to join. We now have branches at the following informal settlements: Etafuleni outside Inanda, Ezimangweni, Mzomusha, Bhambayi and Umlazi CC (in addition to Besters, an older branch). We have two very active branches in the peri-urban area of Engonyameni, where people have resettled after they had to move out due to violence some years ago. We also have members in the following hostels: Umlazi T Section, Kranskloof Hostel at KwaDabeka, and Dalton Hostel in central Durban (apart from Thokoza Hostel where many of our Durban street vendor members live).
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- Date Issued: 1996
Newsletter of the Self-Employed Womens Union - No.12
- Authors: SEWU
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: SEWU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/155012 , vital:39833
- Description: Pat Horn, Eunice Ntshangase and Sarah Nkunkwana attended the conference of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) in Geneva, Switzerland, in June. They were participating in discussions about international guidelines for the recognition and protection of home-based workers. These international guidelines were a Convention (which is legally enforceable by countries who ratify the Convention) and a Recommendation containing a number of additional proposals which are not necessarily enforced by law. The SEWU delegation was part of a group of women from different organisations in Homenet, the international body of organisations representing home-based workers which SEWU and SEWA from India both belong to. They had to lobby as many governments as possible to vote in support of the Convention. The South African government was one of those who supported it very strongly. The employers group at the conference fought very hard to stop the Convention being adopted, but in the end it was passed by a two-thirds majority vote. It was a victory for homeworkers, who have not been widely recognised in the past. Now the challenge is to get governments to ratify the Convention.
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- Date Issued: 1996
Foster care as a form of substitute care in the black community : an exploratory-descriptive study
- Authors: Sishuta, Happy Babalwa
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: Foster home care -- South Africa , Kinship care -- South Africa , Children, Black -- Services for -- South Africa , Black people -- Services for -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:3282 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006505 , Foster home care -- South Africa , Kinship care -- South Africa , Children, Black -- Services for -- South Africa , Black people -- Services for -- South Africa
- Description: Kinship care is increasingly supplementing the more traditional forms of out-of-home care. Because related foster care has potential great value, the possibility of placement with relatives needs to be explored first. At its best it provides the child love and security with known people and possibly in a familiar environment. Yet, important as it is, this area of practice is seriously underdeveloped - few publications especially in South Africa exist on how children fare in this arrangement. This situation exists in spite of the fact that many children find themselves in both legal as well as privately arranged related foster care placements. Equally of course no comprehensive study has been undertaken to study the black family's perception of formal foster care and their adjustment to formal foster care practice which for many is a new encounter in their lives. More clarity on these issues pertaining to kinship care will not only improve our understanding but can lead to a better service. Socio-political influences have weakened the mutual aid system in African families. This has resulted in needs· and problems which the African family find it difficult to deal with. This has prompted families to make use of non-family support particularly services from specialized and other welfare agencies. Formal foster care is a foreign practice to the black community as a result of their tradition and custom. It offers a new method of coping with child care problems and indicates a shift from the conventional patterns among South African blacks. As a result there is often confusion and a lack of understanding, making the community not to make proper use of this service. This study is exploratory-descriptive. The sample comprised thirty foster parents. The main objective of this study was to investigate the nature and practice of formal foster care in the black community with specific emphasis on related foster care and its perception. The study has raised a number of issues for practice and policy consideration. Notable findings were: the need to (1) promote much more active involvement of foster parents, foster child and their families (2) educate the community about foster care (3) prepare, train, support and supervise foster parents. The study revealed that these placements have become indistinguishable from natural parenthood and the foster children have become absorbed into the foster family. A need exists for permanency planning in foster care. It is hoped that the research findings will contribute to the existing body of knowledge and that more studies will be undertaken in future.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
Walmer, Port Elizabeth
- Authors: Skead, C J (Cuthbert John)
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: Crinum lineare -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Plants -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Type: still image
- Identifier: vital:13425 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015708
- Description: Crinum lineare in long grassveld. This species is gradually disappearing under encroaching urban sprawl.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1996
Fifty years of ichthyology in Grahamstown
- Authors: Skelton, Paul H (Paul Harvey)
- Date: 1996
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:7138 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011816
- Description: In July 1946, the fledgling Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) awarded Dr J.L.B. (James Leonard Brierley) Smith of Rhodes University College a research fellowship of £800 to enable him to devote his energies to ichthyology. The university responded by providing accommodation, equipment and appointing Smith a research professor. These actions marked the beginning of what has become a major academic development in Grahamstown as represented by the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, the Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science (DIFS), and the Freshwater Fish Section at the Albany Museum. At present more than 40 people are employed in one way or other in these organizations, more than 20 of them professionals, in addition to whom there are 41 postgraduate students currently studying ichthyology or fisheries science through DIFS at Rhodes University. Altogether this represents a concentration of ichthyological expertise probably unmatched anywhere else in the world. It is opportune therefore to highlight a few of the more significant milestones in the history of ichthyology in Grahamstown and so illuminate some of the key factors behind this achievement.
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- Date Issued: 1996
Semi-automated extraction of structural orientation data from aerospace imagery combined with digital elevation models
- Authors: Slabber, Frans Bresler
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: Image processing , Geographic information systems , Information storage and retrieval systems -- Geology , Geology -- Data processing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5001 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005614 , Image processing , Geographic information systems , Information storage and retrieval systems -- Geology , Geology -- Data processing
- Description: A computer-based method for determining the orientation of planar geological structures from remotely sensed images, utilizing digital geological images and digital elevation models (DEMs), is developed and assessed. The method relies on operator skill and experience to recognize geological structure traces on images, and then employs software routines (GEOSTRUC©) to calculate the orientation of selected structures. The operator selects three points on the trace of a planar geological feature as seen on a digital geological image that is co registered with a DEM of the same area. The orientation of the plane that contains the three points is determined using vector algebra equations. The program generates an ASCII data file which contains the orientation data as well as the geographical location of the measurements. This ASCII file can then be utilized in further analysis of the orientation data. The software development kit (SDK) for TNTmips v5.00, from MicroImages Inc. and operating in the X Windows environment, was employed to construct the software. The Watcom C\C++ Development Environment was used to generate the executable program, GEOSTRUC© . GEOSTRUC© was tested in two case studies. The case studies utilized digital data derived from the use of different techniques and from different sources which varied in scale and resolution. This was done to illustrate the versatility of the program and its application to a wide range of data types. On the whole, the results obtained using the GEOSTRUC© analyses compare favourably to field data from each test area. Use of the method to determine the orientation of axial planes in the case study revealed the usefulness of the method as a powerful analytic tool for use on a macroscopic scale. The method should not he applied in area with low variation in relief as the method proved to be less accurate in these areas. Advancements in imaging technology will serve to create images with better resolution, which will, in turn, improve the overall accuracy of the method.
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- Date Issued: 1996
The social identity and inter-group attitudes of white English- and Afrikaans-speaking adolescents
- Authors: Smith, Timothy Byron
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: Afrikaners -- Ethnic identity , Whites -- South Africa -- Attitudes , Teenagers -- South Africa -- Attitudes , Youth -- South Africa -- Attitudes , Identity (Psychology) in adolescence , Prejudices -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3059 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002568 , Afrikaners -- Ethnic identity , Whites -- South Africa -- Attitudes , Teenagers -- South Africa -- Attitudes , Youth -- South Africa -- Attitudes , Identity (Psychology) in adolescence , Prejudices -- South Africa
- Description: Issues of group identity and prejudice have played a large role in the history of South Africa. To examine differences between White English- and Afrikaans-speaking adolescents within the context of the "new" South Africa, data was collected from 553 high school students using a questionnaire which assessed aspects of these groups' perceptions of themselves (their identities), attitudes toward other racial groups (their prejudices), and beliefs about their rapidly changing socio-political environment. A discriminant function analysis conducted with these variables correctly identified group membership at a rate much higher than chance (p < .00001). Post hoc univariate analyses indicated that compared with Afrikaans-speakers, English-speakers demonstrated significantly less identification with their own culture, less racial prejudice but also less willingness to make retribution to those who were oppressed by Apartheid, and less concern/confusion over the recent changes which have taken place in the country. Descriptive and correlational analyses also provided additional, valuable information regarding the variables assessed in the study. Overall, the results seemed to indicate that the adolescent subjects of this study find themselves in a state of transition.
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- Date Issued: 1996