Role of disaster management in urban sustainability: case study of Red House
- Authors: Banda, Cisomo
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Emergency management -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Natural disasters -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/17448 , vital:28340
- Description: Disasters are inevitable events that impact negatively on humanity in South Africa and globally. Though disasters are global the most at risk populations are predominantly from developing countries and particularly poor communities experience multi-layered threats from floods, droughts, poor energy supply, inter alia. However, the urban communities have not been spared the effects of these disasters and have cause of concern. Millions of people have suffered and passed on because of disasters. These disasters cannot be prevented in certain environments but mechanisms can be put in place by the relevant officials such as government institutions or relevant stakeholders to help mitigate and reduce the effects of these disasters and further contribute to sustainable development. The Disaster Management Act in South Africa provides clear mandates, through policy and guidelines, on how to identify and reduce risk to disasters and how to prepare and respond to emergencies and disasters, structures and mechanisms, as well as the necessary systems. The local authorities such as the Disaster Management Department‘s roles and responsibility have been clearly stipulated and emphasised. It is therefore the mandate of the department to ensure that each and every community receives the adequate services that are entitled to them to help reduce the effects of the natural disasters and in turn contribute to the promotion of sustainable development. The overall aim of the Case Study in Redhouse was to investigate the effectiveness of the NMBM Disaster Management Department in urban sustainability. The research made use of the qualitative research methodology and followed the inductive approach. This was supported by a survey which was administered to willing participants chosen at random whose extensive experience is relevant to this research topic. Interviews involved direct personal contact with participants who were asked to respond to questions relating to the research study. The research sample consisted of a total number of eight participants. The Disaster Management Official was represented by two participants: the Redhouse community, which was represented by five participants, and the local NGO, which was represented by 1 participant. Current knowledge on the topic has been analysed and new knowledge with recommendations, has been generated through findings from this study.
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- Date Issued: 2017
The role of universities on human capital development in Zimbabwe
- Authors: Bandama, Carol Tambudzai
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Economic development -- Zimbabwe Human capital -- Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/16044 , vital:28315
- Description: Countries should encourage their workforce to foster human development as it contributes to the economic development through having a well-trained and skilled workforce. The countries that are economically developed have stood out because of human capabilities that have triggered economic development. With innovation being one of the major advantages of human capital, new ideas lead to the creation of vast employment opportunities especially for those that have studied critical skill subjects. The economic status of Zimbabwe shows that there is human capital development happening in the country, but there is a serious shortage of skills in sciences, technology, engineering and mathematics that are necessary for the industrialisation of the country. The government believes that Zimbabwe can industrialise if STEM education is integrated in the country’s educational system to make human capital development wholistic. The study aims to understand the concept of human capital development and how it can be developed at a balance. A discussion on the primary role of universities and higher learning institutions on developing human capital will be done. Universities educate and equip students with knowledge and skills, hence both STEM and non-STEM curricula is needed to develop human capital that is balanced. This is because STEM graduates that are innovative can create jobs for non-STEM graduates and help a country to industrialise and develop its economy. Universities are recommended to increase public awareness of STEM, train teachers specifically for STEM, invest in research and development and develop STEM-related policies and systems to develop more STEM graduates to strike a balance with non-STEM graduates and enhance industrialisation in Zimbabwe. Interviews were conducted and analysed and some of the recommendations made were to encourage the government to deregulate to attract investment, to increase the public’s awareness of STEM and to train STEM teachers accordingly.
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- Date Issued: 2017
Land restitution policy in old West Bank location, East London
- Authors: Bhe, Ntomboxolo Grace
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Land tenure -- Political aspects -- South Africa -- East London Land titles -- South Africa -- East London , Land tenure -- South Africa -- East London Land titles -- South Africa -- East London
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14620 , vital:27804
- Description: This thesis summarises research on the implementation of land restitution policy in the old West Bank Location, in East London. Apartheid legislation dispossessed many Black people of their land. After 1994, the new democratic government implemented a land reform programme, land policy was reviewed, and people were compensated for the loss of land either financially or through restoration of their land. The original cut-off date for claims was 1998, but the window for claims was reopened in July 2014 because of difficulties in implementation. The period for the lodging of claims was extended to end June 2019 to allow people who had not yet been able to do so to participate in the process. In case of the old West Bank Location claims, compensation was in the form of land restoration, including houses which would be built for the claimants. This study documents the successes and challenges encountered in the implementation of land policy in the old West Bank Location. Triangulation of methods was used: data were collected from documents, interviews with claimants, interviews with government officials, and observation of meetings. Recommendations with regard to land policy are made on the basis of the research findings.
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- Date Issued: 2017
The relationship between employment value proposition, work engagement and retention among employees of a selected bank in Botswana
- Authors: Ditiro, Salalenna
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Employee motivation -- Botswana , Organizational behavior -- Botswana , Employee retention -- Botswana , Bank employees -- Botswana -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14994 , vital:28111
- Description: The management concept of Employee Value Proposition (EVP), which details the value and benefits employees derive from being members of the organisation, has been widely touted in literature as a determinant of work engagement and retention. The growing body of Positive Organisational Behaviour (POB) acknowledges the importance of these concepts, particularly in the service industry where engagement and retention are critical for good customer relationships. The research followed a quantitative and non-experimental approach by using primary data as the unit of analysis. Using a self-report electronic questionnaire, relationships between EVP, WE and Turnover Intentions were determined from a sample of (N=259) consisting of supervisor to management level employees in commercial banks across Botswana. The adopted composite questionnaire has been validated for the South African sample and proved to have high reliability. The individual instruments have been used in different industries as well as professions and showed no inherent bias. The results showed some important relationships between EVP, WE and Turnover Intentions. Specifically, EVP fulfilment revealed a substantive positive relationship with Work Engagement whereas another substantial relationship exists between engagement and Turnover Intention. While a definitive but small relationship exists between EVP and Turnover Intention, it was recommended that the organisation that participated can buffer turnover intention through leveraging engagement levels, especially the dedication dimension of engagement as it has found to be the prerequisite for vigor and absorption dimensions of engagement.
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- Date Issued: 2017
Perceptions of social and living conditions and quality of working life: a study of border-post employees
- Authors: Geldenhuys, Linda
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Quality of work life , Work environment Work and family -- South Africa Job stress
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14289 , vital:27520
- Description: Research problem: Yadav and Khanna (2015) argue that the quality of work life defines the life at work and at home with family members. There is no existing definition of social and living conditions in the literature although it can be considered to include dimensions such as recreation, accommodation, health, education, family, religion and food (SLCB questionnaire). The social and living conditions of employees in rural towns situated close to borders is unique and, in order to offer suggestions with regard to what and how to improve the social and living conditions, their relationship with the quality of work life was investigated. Research objectives: The main objective of this study was to determine the possible relationship between the social and living conditions of employees in rural areas situated close to the South African border and the quality of work-related life. To address the research problem, research objectives and questions were formulated.Research questions: Four research questions were formulated:- What is the relationship between the overall quality of working life (WRQoL.Ovl1) and that of the social and living conditions (SLCB.Ovl1)?, -What is the relationship between the seven dimensions of social and living conditions and the seven dimensions of quality of working life? -Are there differences among the groups regarding the dimensions and overall social and living conditions? Are there differences among the groups regarding the dimensions and overall quality of working life? -Research design: This study is descriptive in nature, and used a self-administered questionnaire to collect data on work-related quality of life and social and living conditions from employees from rural towns close to the border posts. Major findings: The results showed a significant correlation between social and living conditions and the quality of working life. Furthermore, they revealed that accommodation, food and health are the three dimensions of social and living conditions that have the strongest relationship with quality of working life, with accommodation bearing the most significant relation.
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- Date Issued: 2017
Customer preferences with regard to milk packaging
- Authors: Herbst, Ruben Andreas
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Consumer behavior Consumers' preferences , Consumer satisfaction
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/15967 , vital:28295
- Description: The milk industry in the Eastern Cape is very competitive and milk suppliers must use all means, including packaging, to influence buying behaviour. The aim of the study was to investigate customer preferences with regard to milk packaging in the Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB) area. The purpose was to develop a better understanding of customer preferences so that packaging could be designed to satisfy customer expectations and needs. The research design was based on a quantitative approach (non-experimental) and the study was descriptive in nature. The measuring instrument was a self-developed questionnaire, which was developed based on the literature study and previous empirical studies conducted by Adam and Ali (2014a) and Ahmed, Pumar and Amin (2014). The sample consisted of 199 adult shoppers in the Nelson Mandela Bay area, selected through snowball and quota sampling. Data was collected with the help of fieldworkers, coded into Microsoft Excel and processed with statistical software. Descriptive statistics and canonical correlation analysis were used to identify customer preferences and relationships between the different dimensions of milk packaging. The results revealed that size, materials, convenience in handing and product information (expiry date) were important. Colour and design were not regarded as important by the target group.
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- Date Issued: 2017
The relationship between altruistic behaviour, emotional intelligence and intrinsic motivation amongst leaders
- Authors: Hooper, Danushka
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Intrinsic motivation -- Leadership Emotional intelligence , Employee motivation Leadership
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/15978 , vital:28299
- Description: The benefits that altruistic behaviours, emotional intelligence (EQ) and intrinsic motivation have on organisations are increasingly becoming observable and enticing greater insights into these constructs, especially from the perspective of leaders. Moreover, the increase in the effectiveness of leaders across all of these constructs enables greater employee performance, from both the perspective of leaders and their followers, which results in increased organisational profitability. The primary objective of this research study was to investigate the relationship between the three constructs of altruistic behaviour, EQ and intrinsic motivation amongst leaders in South African organisations. This study also attempted to determine whether intrinsic motivation has a mediating effect on EQ and altruistic behaviours. Moreover, this study wishes to identify demographic differences in terms of the responses to the items related to each of the constructs. The questionnaires employed by this study was administered to leaders (n=136) who currently work in South Africa. Positive and statistically significant relationships were found amongst these constructs, implying that, an increase in one of these constructs will result in an increase in another. However, there was no sufficient evidence in support of mediating effect of intrinsic motivation on EQ and altruistic behaviours. The confirmatory factor analysis was able to validate all three measuring instruments used to assess the constructs from a South African perspective. The present study was unable to identify any demographic differences for the Adapted Self-Report Altruism Scale and Intrinsic Work Motivation Scale and was only able to identify demographic differences by the Schutte Self-report Emotional Intelligence Test as a whole and the perception of emotion scale. The study encountered some limitations. Firstly, the researcher encountered a difficulty in finding appropriate literature on the constructs. Secondly, the study obtained a small sample size (n=136). The reason for this is that the target sample chosen by the researcher, namely leaders in organisations, proved to be a challenging sample because many leaders were not able or willing to complete the questionnaire due to their heavy workload and strict deadlines. Thirdly, given that three measuring instruments were used to gain the data needed for this study, the total number of items came to 136. This could mean that the questionnaire may have been burdensome to complete and it would take approximately 15 minutes to complete. In addition, factors such as biased responses, as well as personal and environmental factors on the part of the respondents all posed limitations to this study in that it may have influenced the responses given by the sample. The results obtained by this study suggests that the higher the level of EQ of leaders, the higher the likelihood that they will be intrinsically motivated and exhibit altruistic behaviour. As explained by exchange theory, if one is conditioned to be “good”, the likelihood of partaking in altruistic behaviour is enhanced (Bar-Tal, 1986). If an organisation creates a culture of altruistically helping others in the workplace and the community, the possibility of creating a “habit” of exhibiting altruistic behaviour could result. The benefits of creating this altruistic culture could be far-reaching. The researcher encourages organisations to measure and identify the level of EQ of their leaders and provide development opportunities should this be lacking. This is because, as identified by Barbuto and Burbach (2006), in order for leaders to achieve support from their followers, it is crucial that they develop a high reliance on their empathy to identify with the feelings and emotions of their followers. It is important to note that the results of this study was analysed in June 2016 and is based only on 136 leaders across some industries of South Africa. It is suggested that the results of this study to be validated in the South African context by additional empirical research that tests the hypothesis identified in this study to ascertain whether the results of the current study can be replicated and applied broadly. It is advised that the study is tested over a longer period, in different industries and across various countries. This is so that increasing value can be added to this field of research.
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- Date Issued: 2017
Unresolved communal land tenure: a case study of erf 912, King Sabata Dalindyebo Municipality
- Authors: Jamjam, Nozibele Desire
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Land tenure -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Rural development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Community development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/17592 , vital:28399
- Description: Twenty-three years into our new democracy the government is still to address the challenges of insecure land tenure in one of the former Bantustans, Transkei. South Africa still has a dual system of land rights, although addressing land rights and accessing land is a constitutional imperative. The study examines the state of communal land and the extent to which unresolved communal land affects development of the area. The study also examines how insecure tenure in communal land can be an impediment to development to some extent. The key research question, which underpins the study, relates to the absence of legislation that deals with securing the land rights of the people in the rural areas: Can South Africa, as a unitary state, continue to have a dual system of tenure rights. What is the cost of the delay in taking the correct decisions of securing tenure rights for people in the communal areas. The antithesis of having people with uncertain land rights in the communal areas, while people in the urban areas have land rights that are legally recognized, is a cause for concern in a new democratic dispensation. The aim of the study is to assess how unresolved land tenure has affected development in the former Transkei. The government is addressing the matter albeit not much progress has been made to this day. Finally, the importance of securing land tenure rights for communities in the former Transkei will go a long way in addressing the legacy of apartheid, the land question. Securing communal land rights will also go a long way in addressing problems associated with development of this land.
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- Date Issued: 2017
The Port Elizabeth Land and Community Restoration Association project in Fairview
- Authors: Jekwa, Mandisi
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Land reform -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth Urban renewal -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , City planning -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth Community development -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/17712 , vital:28439
- Description: The purpose of the research is to assess how the Port Elizabeth Land and Community Restoration project has been perceived by the beneficiaries with regard to spatial transformation.The study is about land restitution programme in Port Elizabeth; with specific emphasis on those land claims which were lodged through a community based organization called Port Elizabeth Land and Community Restoration Association (PELCRA) for the restitution of Fairview, South End, Salisbury Park and Korsten. Such land claims were subsequently part of the PELCRA project for the restitution of Fairview. The study looks specifically at claimants who were dispossessed of their land rights as a result of the implementation of Group Areas Act in the 1960s. The claimants were forcefully removed from Fairview, Korsten, South End and Salisbury Park to their respective race group areas, such as Bloemendal for coloureds, Malabar for Indians and Kwa-Zakhele for Africans.However, before the general objectives of the study could be discussed, it is important to provide a brief historical context that brought about racial segregation in the South African urban setting, and how the post-apartheid government sought to re-integrate, restructure the towns and cities, as well as healing the boundaries set by racial zoning through land reform. This will then followed by the discussion on how the various communities of Port Elizabeth responded to the introduction of the Land Restitution Act 22 of 1994. The post-apartheid government in South Africa faces serious challenges in undoing the legacy of apartheid. One such product of apartheid system is the ‘apartheid city’. It stands out as an extreme example of social engineering. According to Freund (2001, 537) urban segregation was pervasive across the colonial world, some other cities in colonial and even post-colonial Africa were subject to massive forced removals or urbanisation that were comparable to South Africa under the apartheid regime. Urban segregation is therefore not unique to South Africa. It has to be said though that the South African apartheid city was distinctive in a number of ways.
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- Date Issued: 2017
The socio-economic impact of urban renewal projects in South Africa townships
- Authors: Kagande, Albert Tafadzwa
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Urban renewal -- South Africa City planning -- South Africa , Economic development -- South Africa Land use -- South Africa South Africa -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/17756 , vital:28451
- Description: Urban areas have become strategic locations where many throng to for a better life. However, wealth and economic opportunities are not evenly distributed in these urban spaces. South Africa is a fairly young democracy whose urban landscape has been largely shaped by the colonial apartheid system. The apartheid system segregated and relegated the black majority to the fringes of the cities into crowded communities characterised by poor living conditions, exclusion from the mainstream economy and limited urban amenities. Townships epitomise the harsh reality of the urban poor and how underdevelopment has been perpetuated. South Africa came up with different policies to redress the historical imbalances and inform urban development strategies. Urban renewal has been implemented as a development strategy in various cities across the world in an attempt to revive and improve the social, economic and environmental state of derelict urban spaces. Townships in South Africa have been the target areas for urban renewal with 8 presidential nodes having been initially identified for such in 2001. Eventually, Helenvale was added to the mix as a prime node in 2006 and the Helenvale Urban Renewal Project (HURP) was birthed - Helenvale and HURP being the identified site and project for this research respectively. An evaluative approach was adopted in assessing the socio-economic impact of urban renewal in South Africa townships and more specifically the socio-economic impact of HURP. Helenvale, like most townships in South Africa, is characterised by a high density settlement pattern, poverty, high unemployment, high rate of violence and crime, drug trade and substance abuse as well as a high rate of school dropouts. The Helenvale Urban Renewal Project (HURP) was implemented by the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (NMBM) and eventually the Mandela Bay Development Agency (MBDA) with the intention to rejuvenate the community on the social, economic and environmental front. The study findings showed that Helenvale, like all urban renewal nodes in South Africa had a number of socio-economic issues which prompted HURP. These include high unemployment (was 53.5% in 2013); alarming levels of violence and crime; drug trade and substance abuse and high rate of school dropout. Between 2007 and 2014, different projects were implemented under HURP, focusing mainly on physical development and community building. Study respondents had mixed reactions and perceptions of the impact of HURP. On one hand, the project saw the community benefit from the constructed public facilities like recreational parks and resource centre as well as capacity development and created employment opportunities. On the other hand, unemployment has persisted with only a small proportion of the population benefiting from the created jobs; crime remains unabated; drug trade has persisted leaving parents fearing for their young and gang violence has rendered the provided safe public physical features ineffective and the housing challenge has also not been resolved. By and large urban renewal and in this particular study, HURP has made great strides in improving the social and economic standing of the township community despite the challenges that are still lurking. A number of recommendations were proposed for similar studies and for urban renewal initiatives in South Africa. For the latter the study recommended having a robust policy that speaks to urban renewal directly and informs such. Other propositions include allowing the community to own and be stewards of urban renewal initiatives; allocating enough resources, both human and financial; and tailoring the project to respond to the needs of a particular community and not a one size fits all approach. In terms of similar studies the study recommends using a mixed methods approach to evaluate the impact of such ventures as well as evaluating more than one urban renewal initiatives for comparison and to allow for the generalizability of the findings.
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- Date Issued: 2017
Development of aquaculture practitioner’s business skills to enhance income sustainability
- Authors: Koyo, Sichumile
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Aquaculture industry -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Management , Success in business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Economic development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18025 , vital:28561
- Description: The Eastern Cape Province is endowed with numerous aquatic resources with aquaculture potential. Farmers in suitable areas across the province are turning to fish farming as a way of producing high quality food, either for their families or for the market, and as a way of earning extra income. This research study therefore sought to examine the business management skills of the current aquaculture practitioners in the province as to enhance them. Literature reviewed showed that various business management skills that an aquaculture practitioner is required to have in order to enhance income sustainability. The business management that seemed to be of importance in enhancing income generation were identified, and those included, marketing management skills, financial management skills, operations management skills, and supporting skills which include, computer skills, technical skills , negotiation and time management skills. The study employed descriptive survey design and stratified sampling design was used in order to select a sample size of 55 respondents. The study adopted online survey questionnaires as instruments of data collection. Quantitative research approach then took place from chapter three in the empirical data collection, analysis and interpretation. Data collection tool was the constructed using the developed theoretical framework to determine the perception about the level of business management skills of aquaculture practitioners. Data was then collected using an online survey because it was seen as convenient and time saving to the researcher. The collected data was the recorded, organised and cleaned. The necessary statistical calculations which include; Pearson r counts, mean, mode, median, standard deviations, percentiles, chi-square, Spearman rank and percentages were performed. These statistical analyses were used to describe and interpreted the data. The findings indicate that the most aquaculture practitioners are the middle aged people from the age group 45 to 50 years. The results also show that the present aquaculture practitioners marketing management skills are still not considered in the aquaculture business because in the aquaculture industry there is currently less advertising as the demand for the products surpasses the production. The marketing management skills elements that appeared to be low negative include, considering the needs of the market, identifying target market, working out marketing strategy and finding ways to do better that the competition. The findings also indicate that the respondents also seem not to be confident about applying their personal life skill like time management and negotiation skills. The majority the respondents have on average had received education training in Honours/B.Tech Degree qualification. More of the respondents had on average worked more than 11 years. The abalone industry aquaculture sub-sector seems to be the most dominating sub sector.
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- Date Issued: 2017
Livelihood strategies in rural areas of Makhoaseng village
- Authors: Lehlapa, Kgotsofalang
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Rural development -- South Africa Rural poor -- South Africa , Poverty -- Developing countries Sustainable development -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18156 , vital:28581
- Description: Despite the establishment of local municipalities, rural villages are still under-developed. Under-development is an economic situation in which there are persistent discriminatory customary laws, high inequality, low levels of income and employment, low consumption, high dependence, weak community structures, little or no access to resources and inadequate services. Rural communities have not reached a satisfactory stage of economic development. This is due to the fact that these communities start from a low developmental base. They require assistance from government and other development agencies, such as Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) in order to achieve economic stability and a sense that they are living a meaningful life. The fundamental purpose of this study is to gain better understanding of rural livelihoods, and unpack efficiency of policy interventions that assist people in rural areas to pursue livelihood strategies that could help them to reduce poverty. The study mainly used documents from Statistics South Africa and Integrated Development Plan (IDP) documents from Elundini Local Municipality that made it possible to access socio-economic information about the village. The study found that, education levels, hawkership, welfare grants, Expanded Public Works Programme, livestock production and migration are strategies that determine livelihood in Makhoaseng village. The socio-economic conditions such as low levels of education, age, lack of access to basic infrastructure have effect on poverty and kind of livelihoods pursuit in different households. These conditions hinder people in the village to meet their basic needs. On the hand, the agricultural sector has a potential to boost Local Economic Development (LED) in the village. Lack of financial and social support from the government and private sector causes deficiencies in agricultural sector. Moreover, the village has weak structures with strong patriarchal norms. This confirms the need for holistic support from the government because few private sectors are willing to invest in such village. The implications are that, without community interest in education, attainment of better educational qualifications, skills and jobs will remain a challenge in the village. Other sectors of the population such as women will remain disadvantaged if community structures do not abandon patriarchal norms. Rural people are not waiting for government or development agencies to come up with interventions but they are engaging in some economic activities such as hawkership and wool production that enable them to go out of poverty. The government must partner with Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) to support community economic initiatives. On-farm activities ought to be intensified by venturing into mutton and beef production in the village. Government and development agencies must support women hawkers by developing them as cooperatives and explore other economic opportunities such as stone brick making and thatch for roofing. Low levels of education worsen the low living standards and create high dependency in the village. These conditions force the majority of the households in the Makhoaseng village to pursue involuntary livelihood strategies, while very few pursue deliberate livelihood strategies.
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- Date Issued: 2017
Effectiveness of school governing bodies in rural schools of Ngcobo district
- Authors: Lugalo, Simo
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: School boards -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape School management and organization -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Schools -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18222 , vital:28590
- Description: This study focused on school governing bodies in the rural schools in Ngcobo. In this study, the researcher established that in rural schools, parent members of school governing bodies are still reluctant, or ill equipped to do their duty as governors of the schools. They rely on what the principals ask them to do. They need more training and empowerment to fulfill their duties as members of the school governing bodies. Most of the parents who are members of school governing bodies are older and their level of education is generally low. The principals are complaining that not enough training was being given to parent members to fulfill their task as school governors. However, it remains the principals’ responsibility to coach SGB parent-members in order for the school functionality to go on. The findings of this study show that much more need to be done to empower parental-members of SGBs in the rural areas of the Eastern Cape and most probably in most, if not all, rural areas of South Africa.
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- Date Issued: 2017
The role of local economic development in job creation in Dimbaza Township
- Authors: Mabece, Victor Nkosabantu
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Economic development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Job creation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Community development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18069 , vital:28573
- Description: The study investigated the role of local economic development in job creation in the Dimbaza Township. Despite a plethora of policy provisions to give strategic direction for the implementation of local economic development in the Republic of South Africa, in the general and local government spheres in particular, local economic development has not benefited local people in terms of creating job opportunities as envisaged. The study consulted the legislative framework governing local economic development (LED) in the Republic of South Africa, investigated the implementation of LED and how it benefited local citizens as well as the cause of failure of the LED intervention strategies, and also provided recommendation to enhance the implementation of local economic development. Scholarly articles provided valuable insights on the centrality of local economic development in socio-economic development. A qualitative approach was used to enable the researcher to explain local economic development and show how it influenced job creation and well-being of the local citizens of the Dimbaza Township. Purposive sampling was chosen as the method to select cases that were informative for this study and to create an understanding of the research problem. Respondents mainly included the ward committee members and ward councillors, who are instrumental in the implementation of local economic development in their respective wards. Self-administered interviewing schedules were used to glean information and to obtain the views, opinions and ideas about the extent of the challenges regarding the topic of discussion. The study found that, despite policy interventions on LED, unemployment levels remained persistently high due to the poor conceptualisation and understanding of LED, the lack of adequate funding and support and the reduction of LED stature from job creation to poverty alleviation projects. Based on the above findings, the study recommended the following: (a) institutionalisation of LED, (b) strengthening intergovernmental cooperation and partnerships, (c) development of a coherent LED strategy, (d) improving stakeholder capacity and participation so that intervention strategies are not externally imposed, (e) strengthening accountability and responsibility, (f) provision of adequate funding for LED interventions, and (g) the establishment of a local economic development agency (LEDA).
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- Date Issued: 2017
The relationship between employee value proposition, organisational commitment and intention-to-serve among provincial traffic officers
- Authors: Macpherson, Wayne Elvison
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Organizational commitment -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Organizational behavior -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Employee motivation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18036 , vital:28567
- Description: Traffic officers are employed to protect and serve the community, but various sources including annual reports and newspaper articles cast doubt on whether these goals are attained in the Eastern Cape. These sources further allege that the failure to serve can be attributed to dissatisfaction and poor employee commitment. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to explore the relationship between the Employee Value Proposition, organisational commitment and intention-to-serve among provincial traffic officers. A literature study was conducted on the three above-mentioned variables to achieve this objective. The empirical study consisted of a survey with a self-administered questionnaire. Five components of the Employee Value Proposition, as established by the Corporate Leadership Council (CLC) (2006), were measured. These included career opportunities, organisation itself, relationships, remuneration/reward and work itself. The Three Component Model (TCM) developed by Meyer and Allen (1991) was used to measure affective, continuance and normative commitment. The Intention-to-Serve Scale was adapted from the Employee Work Passion Appraisal (EWPA) Model (Zigarmi, Nimon, Houson, Witt and Diehl, 2011) and was used to measure intent-to-perform and intent-to-use discretion. The questionnaire was completed by 357 provincial traffic officers across the six districts of the Eastern Cape, which represented a 95 percent response rate. The results from the empirical study indicated that the majority of respondents had less positive perceptions of the Employee Value Proposition offered to them. Affective commitment, regarded as the desired type of organisational commitment, was scored the lowest. However, positive scores were obtained for intention-to-serve. A statistical and practical significant relationship was found between the Employee Value Proposition and organisational commitment, and between the Employee Value Proposition and intention-to-serve as well as between organizational commitment and intention-to-serve. The results suggest that a more appealing Employee Value Proposition could result in improved organisational commitment as well as improved intention-to-serve. It is therefore recommended that the Eastern Cape Department of Transport reconsider the Employee Value Proposition offered to traffic officers and use it as a tool to improve commitment and service delivery.
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- Date Issued: 2017
The contribution of agriculture to rural development in Mbashe Municipality
- Authors: Malusi, Phaphama Paul
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Agriculture -- Economic aspects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Agriculture and state -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Community development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Rural development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18123 , vital:28578
- Description: Despite the decreasing contribution of agriculture to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in South Africa, agricultural activities are critical in the development of rural households. These activities are an important route through which these rural communities can reduce poverty. This is mainly because agriculture has been the main source of income and employment in rural areas in South Africa and other less developed countries (LDC). However, it has not generated sufficient income to sustain rural households. Rural areas are characterised by factors such as low socio-economic conditions, low standards of living, lack of access to markets and inadequate infrastructure that does not create an enabling environment for private sector involvement. The private sector is not actively involved or engaged in rural development. Rural development involves improvement in the economic security of people in rural areas. It is poor households that look for employment in agriculture. The poor are portrayed in terms of qualifications, employment, access to resources, basic health services, skills possessed, self- sustaining activities, and income and expenditure patterns. Many individuals in rural areas are pushed into non-agricultural activities due to lack of opportunities in agricultural activities. Lack of opportunities in agriculture can be caused by subsistence agriculture in small holdings of land and lack of appropriate skills sets for certain agricultural activities. Ultimately, it is poor individuals who increase their dependence on agriculture. The primary objective of this research was to obtain a better understanding of the contribution of agriculture in rural development in the Mbhashe Local Municipality (MLM). Furthermore, the necessary conditions required to sustain livelihoods in the rural areas were identified. This was mainly done in an attempt to improve the quality of life in the rural areas. The study was based on three objectives. The first objective was to identify the constraints to agricultural activities in the Mbashe Local Municipality; the second was to investigate the plight of rural people in the Mbhashe Local Municipality. Lastly, the third objective was to investigate the contribution of agriculture in rural development in the study area. The main finding with regards to the first objective is that facors such as lack of infrastructure, low socio-economic conditions, lack of appropriate skills and lack of opportunities in agriculture are some of the constraints to agricultural activities. Investments in basic infrastructure need to be significant so that funds can flow into the rural areas to be invested in livelihood activities in order to create more employment opportunities. With regard to the second objective, the main finding is that rural people need to be empowered through increased knowledge and skills. This involves improving literacy and skills training, because the outcome of this training is that they are able to stand on their own feet and provide for their families. The main finding with regard to the third objective is that rural areas, by nature, are not easy to service but have indigenous knowledge that can be used in agriculture. However, the government must support them with the necessary infrastructure. Agriculture has been a major source of income and employment in the Mbashe Municipality.
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- Date Issued: 2017
Status of farm dwellers in the Great Kei municipality post implementation of the security tenure act
- Authors: Mfeya, Nontando Hazel
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Eviction -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Land tenure -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Occupancy (Law) -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14002 , vital:27381
- Description: The period preceding and after the enactment of ESTA marks an increase in the difficulties faced by the farm dwellers in South Africa. They are still faced with illegal evictions. Their difficulties are marked with loss of land for food farming, loss of work, income and homes. Nevertheless, the introduction of ESTA in 1997 aimed at protecting and restoring the land rights of farm dwellers working on farms. Despite its existence there are still challenges of illegal evictions. This research focuses on difficulties faced by farm workers after the enactment of ESTA and investigate the process and effects of illegal evictions. The thesis adopts a qualitative research methodology that takes the form of a case study on two farms, Killarney farm and Shellford farm, where farm workers experienced evictions. The findings confirm that the farm workers are subject to illegal evictions. The evictions are due to the conversion of agricultural farms to game farming and also due to labour disputes. Poor living conditions are evident and farm owners conduct tacit evictions by imposing restrictions and threatening the farm workers who wish to stay on the farms. This thesis concludes by presenting suggestions that may restrict or put an end to illegal evictions. ESTA needs to be amended in order to ensure the security of farm workers who live on the farms.
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- Date Issued: 2017
The effects of industrial labour disputes on development in South Africa
- Authors: Mgubo, Xolelwa
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Labor disputes -- South Africa , Strikes and lockouts -- South Africa Industrial relations -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14014 , vital:27388
- Description: On 16 August 2012, the South African Police Service fired upon striking miners in Marikana, South Africa, resulting in the death of 34 mineworkers. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of protracted violent industrial labour disputes on socio-economic development in South Africa. The study explores the root causes of labour disputes in Marikana and considers strategies that can be employed to avoid similar violent and destabilising strikes in the mining and other industries. This research confirms that presumably the pursuit of wage increase is still the primary cause of violent strikes in the country. Furthermore, the research shows clearly that working hours, work conditions, sympathy, and demands from employees and trade unions are major causes of labour disputes. The findings also show that amongst other things participation of employees in work related issues like policy formulation can reduce prevalence of labour disputes. The study also reveals that communication between workers and employees in work places can help both parties to discuss issues before extreme measures are taken.
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- Date Issued: 2017
Exploring the management-union relationship in an Eastern Cape public sector department
- Authors: Mkalipi, Nosivatho Getrude
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Industrial relations -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Labor unions -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Labor movement -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Work environment -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Government business enterprises -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18365 , vital:28627
- Description: This study explored the relationship between management and the union in an Eastern Cape Public Sector Department. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative research tools to collect information from the respondents, who gave a view on their experiences of what the relationship is, and how it could be improved. The sample consisted of members of management and union executives, across employment levels. Both statistical and thematic analysis were used to analyse data from questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The literature review defined the concept of trade unionism, management and trade union relationship in the workplace, and different frames of reference of the labour relations system. From the literature review it is noted that management and union relationships are more of a formal arrangement in the workplace; as such government, has developed tools to assist in this regard. Although that is not the case in the Department it is noted that the informal arrangement in the relationship between management and union is ‘working’ to some extent. Quality and sustainability of that, however, is questionable. The findings indicate that most members of management acknowledge the existence of the relationship between management and the union, but they are dissatisfied, as most members are not part of the engagements with the union. They are also of the view that it is in favour of the union. Unions on the other hand, view the existing relationship as working in favour of one union instead of the union collective. The union which finds favour is satisfied, and the other is not. It is recommended that the management and union engagement be formalized in order for the Department to work with unions in a more structured, professional manner, which would be inclusive of other members of management who feel left out. Not only that, but management would also be able to engage with the union as a collective, and not as an individual union.
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- Date Issued: 2017
The reconstruction and development programme: housing delivery in Disteneng Township, Limpopo Province
- Authors: Modiba, Makgodu Dinah
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Low-income housing -- South Africa -- Limpopo Housing development -- South Africa -- Limpopo , Housing -- South Africa -- Limpopo Municipal services -- South Africa -- Limpopo City planning -- South Africa -- Limpopo
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/19048 , vital:28768
- Description: This research dissertation investigates the level of Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) housing delivery in Disteneng (Polokwane Extension 44) Township, Capricorn District: Limpopo Province. The post-apartheid South African Constitution indicates that the provision of basic services like formal housing is a basic right for all South Africans. In Limpopo Province and in particular, Disteneng (Polokwane Extension 44) Township, Capricorn District, there is still massive shortage of Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) housing for the poor, despite funding being made to address this need. Millions of poor families are suffering and are still living in shacks in informal settlements. There is a backlog in the provisioning of RDP housing delivery. Low cost housing projects have been identified in Limpopo Province to address the RDP housing delivery backlog. It takes time to complete RDP houses and the communities become impatient and frustrated. The quality of completed houses is often perceived to be of unacceptable standards. This study investigates the level of RDP housing delivery in Disteneng (Polokwane Extension 44) Township, Capricorn District: Limpopo Province. This study also identifies the challenges of RDP housing delivery experienced by Disteneng (Polokwane Extension 44) Township, Capricorn District: Limpopo Province. Recommendations with the view of resolving problems pertaining to Disteneng (Polokwane Extension 44) Township, Capricorn District: Limpopo Province are made. The findings from this research work identified significant challenges of RDP housing delivery experienced by Disteneng (Polokwane Extension 44) Township, Capricorn District: Limpopo Province which needs to be addressed. In its contribution, this study made recommendations with the view of resolving problems pertaining to Disteneng (Polokwane Extension 44) Township, Capricorn District: Limpopo Province. This study in conclusion, emphasizes the need to address RDP housing backlogs and ensure that RDP houses are of good quality and that the government and all South Africans have to join hands and collectively address the problems of RDP housing delivery in South Africa.
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- Date Issued: 2017