Unexpected transformations of 3-(bromoacetyl)coumarin provides new evidence for the mechanism of thiol mediated dehalogenation of α-halocarbonyls
- Authors: Magwenzi, Faith N , Khanye, Setshaba D , Veale, Clinton G L
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/66200 , vital:28916 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.01.082
- Description: publisher version , The mechanism for the thiol mediated dehalogenation of α-halogenated carbonyls has remained an unresolved problem, despite its ongoing application in synthetic organic chemistry. Nakamura and co-workers first proposed that net dehalogenation occurs via sequential nucleophilic substitutions, while Israel and co-workers concluded that the rate at which dehalogenation occurred suggested that dehalogenation proceeds in a single concerted step. In this study, we investigated the debromination and nucleophilic substitution of 3-(bromoacetyl)coumarin with a variety of thiophenols, whose electron donating or withdrawing natures resulted in large variations in the degree of nucleophilic substitution and dehalogenation products, respectively. Results from these experiments, in addition to an unexpected formation of thioether containing dibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-ones from a Robinson annulation, has provided new evidence for this disputed mechanism.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2017
Understanding the Pyrimethamine drug resistance mechanism via combined molecular dynamics and dynamic residue network analysis:
- Authors: Amusengeri, Arnold , Tata, Rolland B , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/163022 , vital:41005 , https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25040904
- Description: In this era of precision medicine, insights into the resistance mechanism of drugs are integral for the development of potent therapeutics. Here, we sought to understand the contribution of four point mutations (N51I, C59R, S108N, and I164L) within the active site of the malaria parasite enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) towards the resistance of the antimalarial drug pyrimethamine. Homology modeling was used to obtain full-length models of wild type (WT) and mutant DHFR. Molecular docking was employed to dock pyrimethamine onto the generated structures. Subsequent all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and binding free-energy computations highlighted that pyrimethamine’s stability and affinity inversely relates to the number of mutations within its binding site and, hence, resistance severity.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Understanding the medicines information-seeking behaviour and information needs of South African long-term patients with limited literacy skills:
- Authors: Patel, Sonal , Dowse, Roslind
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/156676 , vital:40037 , doi: 10.1111/hex.12131
- Description: Although much health information‐seeking behaviour (HISB) research has been reported in patients with good literacy skills, little is known about HISB in patients with limited literacy skills served by under‐resourced health‐care systems. To investigate medicine information‐seeking behaviour and information needs in patients with limited literacy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Understanding the context of multifaceted collaborations for social-ecological sustainability: A methodology for cross-case analysis
- Authors: Cockburn, Jessica J , Schoon, Michael , Cundill, Georgina , Robinson, Cathy , Aburto, Jamie A , Alexander, Steve M , Baggio, Jacopo A , Barnaud, Cecile , Chapman, Mollie , Llorente, Marina G , Garcia-Lopez, Gustavo A , Hill, Rosemary , Speranza, Chinwe I , Lee, Jean , Meek, Chanda L , Rosenberg, Eureta , Schultz, Lisen , Thondhlana, Gladman
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/370725 , vital:66371 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-11527-250307"
- Description: There are limited approaches available that enable researchers and practitioners to conduct multiple case study comparisons of complex cases of collaboration in natural resource management and conservation. The absence of such tools is felt despite the fact that over the past several years a great deal of literature has reviewed the state of the science regarding collaboration. Much of this work is based on case studies of collaboration and highlights the importance of contextual variables, further complicating efforts to compare outcomes across case-study areas and the likely failure of approaches based on one size fits all generalizations. We expand on the standard overview of the field by identifying some of the challenges associated with managing complex systems with multiple resources, multiple stakeholder groups with diverse knowledges/understandings, and multiple objectives across multiple scales, i.e., multifaceted collaborative initiatives. We then elucidate how a realist methodology, within a critical realist framing, can support efforts to compare multiple case studies of such multifaceted initiatives. The methodology we propose considers the importance and impact of context for the origins, purpose, and success of multifaceted collaborative natural resource management and conservation initiatives in social-ecological systems.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Understanding student performance in a large class
- Authors: Snowball, Jeanette D , Boughey, Chrissie
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/71333 , vital:29834 , https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14703297.2012.677658
- Description: Across the world, university teachers are increasingly being required to engage with diversity in the classes they teach. Using the data from a large Economics 1 class at a South African university, this attempts to understand the effects of diversity on chances of success and how assessment can impact on this. By demonstrating how theory can be used to understand results, the paper aims to encourage university teachers to adopt proactive strategies in managing diversity, rather than simply explaining it using student characteristics.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2012
Understanding spatial variation in the drivers of nature-based tourism and their influence on the sustainability of private land conservation
- Authors: Baum, Julia , Cumming, Graeme S , de Vos, Alta
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/416481 , vital:71352 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.05.005"
- Description: Protected areas connect socio-economic and ecological systems through their provision of ecosystem goods and services. Analysis of ecosystem services allows the expression of ecological benefits in economic terms. However, cultural services, such as recreation opportunities, have proved difficult to quantify. An important challenge for the analysis of cultural services is to understand the geography of service provision in relation to both human and ecological system elements. We used data on visitation rates and measures of context, content, connectivity, and location for 64 private land conservation areas (PLCAs) to better understand geographic influences on cultural service provision. Visitation to PLCAs was influenced by a combination of ecological and socio-economic drivers. Variance partitioning analysis showed that ecology explained the largest proportion of overall variation in visitation rates (26%), followed by location (22%). In tests using generalized linear mixed models, individual factors that significantly explained visitation rates included the number of mammal species, the number of Big 5-species (ecological variables), the number of facilities provided (infrastructure) and average accommodation charges (affordability). Our analysis has important implications for the economic sustainability of PLCAs and more generally for understanding the relevance of spatial variation for analyses of cultural services.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Understanding social learning processes in a citrus farming community of practice
- Authors: Downsborough, Linda
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/386949 , vital:68191 , xlink:href="https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajee/article/view/122819"
- Description: This paper focuses on what would traditionally be termed ‘non-formal’ learning processes in the context of a case study examining how citrus farming communities in the Patensie Valley in the Eastern Cape in South Africa were learning conservation practices. Communities of Practice theory was used to provide a conceptual framework for researching these learning interactions. Through historical and other qualitative research methods, I was able to establish that farmers in this community of practice learned mainly through responding to change and uncertainty, through forming and drawing on networks and community structures, through intergenerational learning, and through various interactions with each other. The historical research also pointed to the significance of policy and market-based changes in farmer learning, and their attachment to the land, which is shaped through historical associations with the land, and through embedded relations in farming practice cultures. The paper provides an example of how Communities of Practice theory, complemented by historical research, can be used to understand non-formal learning.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
Understanding rural–urban transitions in the Global South through peri-urban turbulence
- Authors: Hutchings, Paul , Willcock, Simon , Lynch, Kenneth , Bundhoo, Dilshaad , Brewer, Tim , Cooper, Sarah , Keech, Daniel , Mekala, Sneha , Mishra, Prajna P , Parker, Alison , Shackleton, Charlie M , Venkatesh, Kongala , Vicario, Dolores R , Welivita, Indunee
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/401368 , vital:69729 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-022-00920-w"
- Description: Much previous research has problematized the use of a binary urban–rural distinction to describe human settlement patterns in and around cities. Peri-urban zones, on the edge of urban settlements, are important both in the sheer magnitude of human population and in terms of being home to vulnerable populations with high rates of poverty. This Perspective presents a framework that conceptualizes rural–urban transition through the prism of shifts in natural, engineered and institutional infrastructure to explain the processes of rapid change and the dip in service provision often found in peri-urban areas in the Global South. We draw on examples related to the provision of water and sanitation to illustrate the theory and discuss its implications for future research on the peri-urban. A research agenda is set out that emphasizes the importance of studying early warning signs of service dips using systems theory concepts such as flickering and critical slowing down. Through such approaches, research can better predict and explain what we call peri-urban turbulence and inform the development of mitigation strategies to reduce the vulnerabilities that peri-urban residents too often face during periods of rural–urban transition.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
Understanding individual, family and community perspectives on delaying early birth among adolescent girls
- Authors: Samandari, Ghazaleh , Sarker, Bidhan Krishna , Grant, Carolyn , Talukder, Aloka , Mahfuz, Sadia Nishat , Brent, Lily , Nitu, Syeda N.A. , Aziz, Humaira , Gullo, Sara
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/281153 , vital:55697 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-020-01044-z"
- Description: Background: Pregnancy among adolescent girls in Bangladesh is high, with 66% of women under the age of 18 reporting a first birth; this issue is particularly acute in the northern region of Bangladesh, an area that is especially impoverished and where girls are at heightened risk. Using formative research, CARE USA examined the underlying social, individual and structural factors influencing married girls’ early first birth and participation in alternative opportunities (such as education or economic pursuits) in Bangladesh. Methods: In July of 2017, researchers conducted in-depth interviews of community members in two sub-districts of northern Bangladesh (Kurigram Sadar and Rajarhat). Participants (n = 127) included adolescent girls (both married and unmarredi), husbands of adolescent girls, influential adults in the girls’ lives, community leaders, and health providers. All interviews were transcribed, coded and organized using Dedoose software. Results: Participants recognize the health benefits of delaying first birth, but stigma around infertility and contraceptive use, pressure from mothers-in-law and health provider bias interfere with a girl’s ability to delay childbearing. Girls’ social isolation, lack of mobility or autonomy, and inability to envision alternatives to early motherhood compound the issue; provider bias may also prevent access to methods. While participants agree that pursuit of education and economic opportunities are important, better futures for girls do not necessarily supersede their marital obligations of childrearing and domestic chores. Conclusions: Findings indicate the need for a multi-level approach to delaying early birth and stimulating girls’ participation in economic and educational pursuits. Interventions must mitigate barriers to reproductive health care; train adolescent girls on viable economic activities; and provide educational opportunities for girls. Effective programs should also address contextual issues by including immediate members of the girls’ families, particularly the husband and mother-in-law.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Understanding foraging practices in Lagos metropolis to redesign urban greenspaces in support of human-nature interactions
- Authors: Adeyemi, Opeyemi , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/401353 , vital:69728 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127805"
- Description: Enhancing knowledge of urban foraging across different urban landscapes is an urgent matter given that about two-thirds of the world’s population is projected to live in urban areas by 2050, whilst 50 % of Africa’s population is expected to live in cities by 2030. This study was conducted in Lagos metropolis which is the economic hub of Africa’s most populous country. Data was collected using an in-person, semi-structured questionnaire from 347 persons who were 18 years or older to identify foragers and non-foragers, their sociodemographic profiles, and their foraging practices. Results revealed that about two out of three persons sampled forage to some degree. The collection happened more in domestic gardens (34 %) and streets (27 %) than in other foraging sites (such as unused lands, institutional grounds and lakes and riparian fringes). A total of 35 species were reportedly foraged within the metropolis, mostly for food (71 %) and medicine (26 %). Mango (Mangifera indica), pawpaw (Carica papaya), tropical almond (Terminalia catappa), fish (various species), bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea) were the most gathered species. The distance travelled to foraging wild species ranged from 5 m to 25 km. The primary motivation for foraging was the acquisition of fresh and natural materials. However, some felt that foraging was a stressful activity. The unavailability of foraging sites and species was the major constraint to foraging in this megacity. Hence, efforts to increase the edible components of public green spaces and to provide free access could potentially allow more people to forage and make current foraging more secure. We suggest that making provisions for foraging in urban planning goals could contribute to the sustainable development of cities in Africa and elsewhere.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023
Understanding food security in a perfect storm: an ecosystem services approach
- Authors: Poppy, G M , Chiotha, S , Eigenbrod, Felix , Harvey, Celia A , Honza´k, M , Hudson, Malcolm D , Jarvis, A , Madise, Nyovani J , Schreckenberg, Kate , Shackleton, Charlie M , Villa, F , Dawson, Terrence P
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/398423 , vital:69410 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0288"
- Description: Achieving food security in a ‘perfect storm’ scenario is a grand challenge for society. Climate change and an expanding global population act in concert to make global food security even more complex and demanding. As achieving food security and the millennium development goal (MDG) to eradicate hunger influences the attainment of other MDGs, it is imperative that we offer solutions which are complementary and do not oppose one another. Sustainable intensification of agriculture has been proposed as a way to address hunger while also minimizing further environmental impact. However, the desire to raise productivity and yields has historically led to a degraded environment, reduced biodiversity and a reduction in ecosystem services (ES), with the greatest impacts affecting the poor. This paper proposes that the ES framework coupled with a policy response framework, for example Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR), can allow food security to be delivered alongside healthy ecosystems, which provide many other valuable services to humankind. Too often, agro-ecosystems have been considered as separate from other natural ecosystems and insufficient attention has been paid to the way in which services can flow to and from the agro-ecosystem to surrounding ecosystems. Highlighting recent research in a large multi-disciplinary project (ASSETS), we illustrate the ES approach to food security using a case study from the Zomba district of Malawi.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Understanding Collective Learning and Human Agency in Diverse Social, Cultural and Material Settings
- Authors: Olvitt, Lausanne L , Lotz-Sisitka, Heila , Læssøe, Jeppe , Jordt Jørgensen, Nanna
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/127226 , vital:35979 , https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajee/article/view/172221/161620
- Description: The significance of environment and sustainability education research and practice, and its potential contribution to a sustainable future for humanity, is conveyed by the International Social Science Council (n.d.), which explains: People everywhere will need to learn how to create new forms of human activity and new social systems that are more sustainable and socially just. However, we have limited knowledge about the type of learning that creates such change, how such learning emerges, or how it can be scaled-up to create transformations at many levels.Here, the important shift is towards considering what social systems, forms of knowledge, learning processes and questions of justice are associated with perpetuating or halting the decline of Earth’s bio-geo-chemical systems. This edition of the Southern African Journal of Environmental Education contributes three research papers and a themed Think Piece collection to these international deliberations about the role of education in enabling transformations to sustainability. Collectively, the articles highlight how relationality and the formation of human agency in socio-cultural and material settings in past–present–future configurations underpin all environment-oriented learning processes. The three research papers constituting the first part of this volume offer glimpses into how current unsustainable socio-cultural and material configurations might be transformed to address social inequalities and damaged people–nature relations. The Think Piece collection, introduced by Lotz-Sisitka, Læssøe and Jørgensen later in this editorial, focuses on how learning can foster and contribute to the development of change agents and collective agency for climate-resilient development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Understanding and responding to student learning difficulties within the higher education context
- Authors: Amos, Trevor L , Fischer, Sarah
- Date: 1998
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/270972 , vital:54497 , xlink:href="https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA10113487_570"
- Description: Higher education in South Africa is challenged to promote the academic success of students through quality teaching and learning. This article provides a sound theoretical understanding of student learning difficulties as difficulties of accessing and mastering the cognitive processes entailed in the groundrules of the specific academic disciplines within higher education Based on this theoretical groundwork. the article argues for the integration of academic development into the mainstream teaching and learning activities of specific disciplines where the tutorial system is used to develop the specific academic literacy required for success within the discipline.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1998
Underlying mechanisms affecting institutionalisation of environmental education courses in Southern Africa
- Authors: Lupele, Justin
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/386926 , vital:68188 , xlink:href="https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajee/article/view/122773"
- Description: This paper discusses the underlying causal mechanisms that enabled or constrained institutionalisation of environmental education in 12 institutions in eight countries in southern Africa. The study was carried out in the context of the Southern Africa Development Community Regional Environmental Education Support Programme’s Course Development Network (CDN). This paper reports on part of the author's doctoral study and draws on critical realism as the ontological lens. Data analysis was done by means of a retroductive mode of inference, as articulated by Danermark, Ekström, Jakosben and Karlsson (2002). The paper demonstrates that there are a number of underlying causal mechanisms, which may enable or constrain institutionalisation of environmental education. They include factors at play at both national and institutional level; namely, responsiveness to national and institutional needs, recognition and ownership, accreditation and certification, institutional culture and politics, short course support structure and support from colleagues. As part of the discussions of the results of the study, I have advanced some retroductive theories that suggest causal mechanisms beyond the empirical data based on the participants’ experiences and events in the CDN.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Undefined cellulase formulations hinder scientific reproducibility
- Authors: Himmel, Michael E , Abbas, Charles A , Baker, John O , Bayer, Edward A , Bomble, Yannick J , Brunecky, Roman , Chen, Xiaowen , Felby, Claus , Jeoh, Tina , Kumar, Rajeev , McCleary, Barry V , Pletschke, Brett I , Tucker, Melvin P , Wyman, Charles E , Decker, Stephen R
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: article , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61402 , vital:28022 , https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-017-0974-y
- Description: In the shadow of a burgeoning biomass-to-fuels industry, biological conversion of lignocellulose to fermentable sugars in a cost-effective manner is key to the success of second-generation and advanced biofuel production. For the effective comparison of one cellulase preparation to another, cellulase assays are typically carried out with one or more engineered cellulase formulations or natural exoproteomes of known performance serving as positive controls. When these formulations have unknown composition, as is the case with several widely used commercial products, it becomes impossible to compare or reproduce work done today to work done in the future, where, for example, such preparations may not be available. Therefore, being a critical tenet of science publishing, experimental reproducibility is endangered by the continued use of these undisclosed products. We propose the introduction of standard procedures and materials to produce specific and reproducible cellulase formulations. These formulations are to serve as yardsticks to measure improvements and performance of new cellulase formulations.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Unclogging the wheels: how the shift from politics to law affects Africa's relationship with the international system
- Authors: Juma, Laurence
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/127123 , vital:35958 , https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/tlcp23amp;div=17amp;g_sent=1amp;casa_token=amp;collection=journals
- Description: Gone are the days when scholars debated whether international law was really law and whether the adjudicatory organs of the international system could effectuate the demands of the international rule of law. 1 This old time debate has, in recent times, given way to temperate and yet decisive acknowledgement of the legal authority of institutions resident within the international system.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2014
Uncle Noodle
- Authors: Krueger, Anton
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/229676 , vital:49699 , xlink:href="https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC176906"
- Description: “Ah,” he seemed surprised to see me, “Now you find out who really cares...” His kidneys hadn‟t been on the job in months, and with the machines failing, his hands were fattening into stubby yellow fingers, as the waste shored up inside of him. I touched his arm, and we joked about the broad blunt strokes of the casiotone the old dame played for the lunch-eaters next door. Uncle Noodle had always been my favourite. In a world where adults were always certain, ready to disdain and judge and pass verdict – I loved it that he was indecisive, insecure, unsure. Often wretched, often defeated. His heart had chasmed in the wake of his wife‟s leaving, finally dividing him from all his hopes, collapsing his dignity destroying his happiness machinery.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Un-functionalized gold nanoparticles as a simple colorimetric probe for sensitive and selective detection of dopamine
- Authors: Khanyile, Nokuthula , Krause, Rui W M , Vilakazi, Sibulelo , Torto, Nelson
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/195048 , vital:45522 , xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/0379-4350/2019/v72a27"
- Description: A dopamine (DA) colorimetric probe based on the growth and aggregation of un-functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is reported. Upon addition of AuNPs to dopamine at various concentrations, the shape, size and colour change of the nanoparticles results in spectral shifts to higher wavelengths and hence colour change is the mode of detection. The colour change can be easily observed by the naked eye from as low as 5.0 nM DA, even under sub-optimal conditions. Under optimal pH conditions the calculated limit of detection was 2.5 nM (3σ). The probe was successfully applied to whole blood sample and showed good selectivity and sensitivity towards DA. The simple, sensitive and selective probe could be an excellent alternative for on-site and immediate detection of DA without the use of instrumentation and would thus be useful for rapid diagnostic applications.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration 2021–2030: what chance for success in restoring coastal ecosystems?
- Authors: Waltham, Nathan J , Elliott, Michael , Lee, Shing Yip , Lovelock, Catherine , Duarte, Carlos M , Buelow, Christina , Simenstad, Charles , Nagelkerken, Ivan , Claassens, Louw , Wen, Colin K-C , Barletta, Mario , Connolly, Rod M , Gillies, Chris , Mitsch, William J , Ogburn, Matthew B , Purandare, Jemma , Possingham, Hugh , Sheaves, Marcus
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/149836 , vital:38887 , https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00071
- Description: On 1 March 2019, the United Nations (UN) General Assembly (New York) declared 2021–2030 the “UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration.” This call to action has the purpose of recognizing the need to massively accelerate global restoration of degraded ecosystems, to fight the climate heating crisis, enhance food security, provide clean water and protect biodiversity on the planet. The scale of restoration will be key; for example, the Bonn Challenge has the goal to restore 350 million km2 (almost the size of India) of degraded terrestrial ecosystems by 2030. However, international support for restoration of “blue” coastal ecosystems, which provide an impressive array of benefits to people, has lagged. Only the Global Mangrove Alliance (https://mangrovealliance.org/) comes close to the Bonn Challenge, with the aim of increasing the global area of mangroves by 20% by 2030. However, mangrove scientists have reservations about this target, voicing concerns that it is unrealistic and may prompt inappropriate practices in attempting to reach this target (Lee et al., 2019). The decade of ecosystem restoration declaration also coincides with the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development, which aims to reverse deterioration in ocean health. If executed in a holistic and coordinated manner, signatory nations could stand to deliver on both these UN calls to action.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Umzila: a mark or track made by dragging any heavy body along the ground
- Authors: Makandula, Sukhumbuzo
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/146523 , vital:38533 , https://www.ug.edu.gh/events/arts-council-african-studies-association-acasa-17th-triennial-symposium-august-8-â-13-2017
- Description: ACASA facilitates communication among scholars, teachers, students, artists, museum specialists, collectors, and all others interested in the arts of Africa and the African Diaspora. Its goals are to promote greater understanding of African material and expressive culture in all its forms, and to encourage contact and collaboration with African and Diaspora artists and scholars.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017