A review of the Kalahari group: an aid to Kimberlite exploration in this medium
- Authors: Williams, Clint
- Date: 2003 , 2013-05-23
- Subjects: Kimberlite -- Kalahari Desert , Sedimentation and deposition -- Kalahari Desert
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4916 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003216 , Kimberlite -- Kalahari Desert , Sedimentation and deposition -- Kalahari Desert
- Description: The Kalahari Group sediments cover vast portions of the Archean Kaapvaal and Congo cratons that are considered highly prospective for economic kimberlites. In southern Africa, the term Kalahari refers to a structural basin, a group of Cretaceous to recent terrestrial continental sediments and an ill-defined desert, all of which have been grouped together as the Mega Kalahari by Thomas and Shaw (1993). The Mega Kalahari grouping includes sediments stretching from South Africa in the south to the Democratic Republic of Congo in the north, and from eastern Namibia to western Zimbabwe. This sand sea, at 2.5 million km², is the largest on earth and presents significant obstacles and challenges to the kimberlite explorationist attempting to locate bedrock-hosted diamondiferous kimberlite bodies. The Mega Kalahari sediments represent an ancient depositional environment with a complex history in which the stratigraphy and age of the deposits are not particularly well constrained or understood. Low fossil content, limited exposure, poor differentiation of the dominant surficial Kalahari Sand and a limited comprehension of an extensive duricrust suite has delayed the understanding of the sedimentological and environmental history of the basin. This sequence of sediments has accumulated and evolved through fluvio-deltaic, aeolian and groundwater processes, with characteristics due to primary deposition and subsequent modification being difficult to distinguish. Deposition in the Kalahari Basin has been subject to tectonic influences, changes in drainage directions and source areas of sediments, river capture and numerous large and small climatic fluctuations both in the basin and surrounding areas. It bears the imprint of recurring cycles during which the same sediments were reworked, sometimes by different agencies, all of which exacerbate attempts to correlate sedimentary units across the sequence. The Mega Kalahari is a series of contiguous Phanerozoic sedimentary basins situated within the African Superswell. The Superswell has dominated the gross geomorphology of southern Africa and contributed significantly to the present character of the Mega Kalahari and the evolution of the drainage systems. Overall, the tectonic framework established in southern Africa by the division of Gondwanaland led to the creation of a dual drainage system, with the hingeline acting as a watershed between a coastally-orientated exoreic system and an endoreic system draining into the interior. Deposition of sediments started in the late Cretaceous. Neo-tectonic activity expressed in the rifting in central Botswana, further influenced sedimentation rates and exerted a strong control over paleo-drainage directions. This revIew presents the complexities of the Kalahari cover sequence. The most Important geomorphological and sedimentary factors to be considered when designing and implementing kimberlite exploration programs within the Mega Kalahari environment are outlined and discussed. New data from exploration drilling programs are presented on the thickness of the Kalahari within portions of northern Namibia, western Zambia and Botswana. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
Buffalo River Valley near King William's Town, Ciskei
- Authors: Skead, C J (Cuthbert John)
- Date: 1959-01-03
- Subjects: Acacia karroo -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Trees -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Type: still image
- Identifier: vital:12663 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1014070
- Description: Acacia karroo trees in full flower.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1959-01-03
Algoa Bay in 1802
- Authors: Russel, L
- Subjects: Algoa Bay , Algoa Bay -- pictorial works
- Type: Image
- Identifier: vital:13998 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017565 , CD 55 , MS 10 542 , PIC/SL 4804
- Description: Photograph of a water colour by L. Russel, showing Fort Frederick, and the Block House guarding the Baakens River crossing.
- Full Text: false
Ntsikana's Great Hymn
- Authors: Zingisa Seminary Congregation , Composer not specified , Dargie, Dave
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Umtata sa
- Language: isiXhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/415808 , vital:71290 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC146a-01
- Description: Catholic mass hymn, accompanied by the marimba.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1985
Rhodes Commemoration Lecture 1979: vote of thanks
- Authors: Henderson, Derek Scott
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:7380 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017269
- Full Text:
Mpundu
- Authors: Batwa women , Performer not specified , Composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1952
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Rwanda City not specified f-rw
- Language: Rwanda
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/329425 , vital:61338 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , TP3198-XYZ7404
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1952
Hill of Fools: notes towards a publishing history
- Authors: Wright, Laurence
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: vital:7037 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007373 , http://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC47868
- Description: preprint , Written in English in the early 70s, Hill of Fools was projected into the market for world literature among distinguished company in the Heinemann African Writers Series (HAWS), at a time when expectations for African writing in English reflected a certain orthodoxy; when the book’s origins in apartheid South Africa pressed certain ‘buttons’ in world readerships, and when the country’s increasing cultural isolation meant that even relatively well-versed literary Africanists were less than familiar with the milieu from which the story springs. The result has been that the novel acquired a rather odd penumbra of interpretation, ranging from the naïve to the dismissive or reductive.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
Title not specified
- Authors: performer not specified , Composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: Date not specified
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa city not specified f-sa
- Language: Xhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/396915 , vital:69234 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , GM07-02
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: Date not specified
Rhodes University College - Building close up, Grahamstown
- Subjects: Rhodes University College -- Buildings -- Photographs Rhodes University College -- History -- Photographs
- Type: Image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/9188 , vital:21469 , PIC/M 5760
- Description: This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
- Full Text: false
Address at the Alty and Vice-Chancellor's Awards ceremony, 2007
- Authors: Badat, Saleem
- Date: 2007-05-25 , 2014-06-13
- Subjects: Rhodes University
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:7619 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011831
- Description: Address at the Alty and Vice-Chancellor's Awards ceremony, 2007
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007-05-25
Dispersal, settlement and recruitment : their influence on the population dynamics of intertidal mussels
- Authors: Phillips, Tracey Elizabeth
- Date: 1995
- Subjects: Perna -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Algoa bay Mytilus galloprovincialis -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Algoa bay Mytilidae -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Algoa bay
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5663 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005347
- Description: Recruitment of planktonic larvae into sedentary benthic populations regulates the population dynamics of marine invertebrates. The processes controlling recruitment, however, are poorly understood, and recruitment remains largely unpredictable, which complicates management of exploited shellfish resources. The mussels Perna perna, Choromytilus meridionalis and Mytilus galloprovincialis, found on the south coast of southern Africa, have planktonic larvae and sedentary adult stages. This thesis examines dispersal, settlement and early post-settlement growth and mortality, and their effect on recruitment and demography of intertidal mussel populations in the region of Algoa Bay on the south coast of southern Africa. Temporal and spatial variation in the body mass, density and size structure of mussels, the distribution of bivalve larvae on plankton grids in the nearshore zone and the distribution of a recently introduced invasive mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, were examined between 1989 and 1992. Furthermore, data on hourly or daily changes in wind strength and direction, air and sea surface temperatures and low and high tide levels in the study region, were obtained. There were 3-4 peaks in spawning (characterised by an abrupt decline in weight) and settlement activity annually. These peaks varied in exact timing, intensity and duration between sites and over time. However, at a site, spawning was followed by settlement 4-8 weeks later, and there was a significant (P < 0.05) direct correlation between spawning intensity prior to the appearance of a new cohort and the cohort density (settlement intensity). The stochastic spatial and temporal variation in breeding activity was superimposed on a more general pattern of a higher intensity of spawning and settlement in Algoa Bay than on the open coast, and a higher settlement intensity on coastal sandstone shores than on dune rock shores. Spawning was more frequent in winter and spring, and the probability of spawning and settlement peaked around the spring and autumn equinox, if temperature and wind conditions were suitable. Larval behaviour had little effect on their dispersal in the well-mixed nearshore region. Larvae were passively dispersed by currents, and their dispersal range and direction depended on prevailing winds and local topography. The sharp decline in density of recruit and adult M. galloprovincialis with increasing distance from the point of introduction, showed that some larvae were carried by wind generated currents over moderately long distances (-100 km). However, since most (76 %) M. galloprovincialis recruited within 4 km of the parent population, it is possible that larvae become trapped in small gullies and crevices around rocky shores, and have a limited dispersal range. This could explain the link between local patterns of spawning and settlement. The distribution and abundance of settlers on the shore was influenced by larval behaviour and the availability of settlement, substrata. Larvae preferred to settle primarily on foliose coralline algae and migrate to the adult mussel bed when they were larger (0.60-7 mm), but larvae also settled directly on adult mussels, possibly because the amount of coralline algae was limited. Both direct and secondary settlement were considered to be important in maintaining mussel populations since the rate of settlement was low(generally < 60 000.m-2). Cohort analyses showed that prior to maturity post-settlement growth (- 30 mm in 10 months) and mortality rates (60-100%) were high, but varied. When settlement intensity was low this variability uncoupled the relationship between spawning and recruitment intensity. Multiple regression analysis showed that together reproductive effort (gamete output), settlement intensity, growth and mortality prior to maturity, accounted for 76 % of the variance in recruitment into mature adult populations. The low settlement rate coupled with the short life span of mussels « 3 years), meant that populations underwent marked spatial and temporal variations in structure and abundance as settlement intensity varied, but there were consistent general differences between mussel populations on dune rock and sandstone shores in Algoa Bay and on the open coast. It was concluded from these results that, spawning intensity and post-settlement growth and mortality, rather than dispersal, regulated recruitment and the structure and abundance of intertidal P. perna and C. meridionalis populations along the south coast of southern Africa. On the basis of these results it is recommended that species with limited dispersal, variable recruitment and high natural mortality, such as P. perna, should be conserved by protecting a small part of the population in reserves, and controlling utilisation outside reserves to minimize disturbance to local brood stocks. Furthermore, since the potential for reseeding adjacent exploited areas is limited, several small reserves placed at regular intervals along the coast would be more effective than a single large reserve.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1995
Ndodya mutombo
- Authors: Feliciano Mutano Gomez , Performer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1955
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Mozambique city not specified f-mz
- Language: Ndau
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/354236 , vital:64353 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , TP4271-5
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1955
'The Most Amazing Show': performative interactions with postelection South African society and culture
- Authors: Scholtz, Brink
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: Performing arts , Drama -- Study and teaching , Recreational activities
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/57527 , vital:26963
- Description: This research investigates contemporary South African performance within the context of prominent social and cultural change following the political transition from an apartheid state to democracy. Specifically, it looks at the relationship between a popular comic variety show The Most Amazing Show (TMAS), and aspects of contemporary South African society and culture, particularly relating to prominent efforts to affect post-election transformation of South African society and culture through the construction of a South African 'rainbow nation'. By analysing TMAS in terms of broader historical, performative and discursive contexts, it engages a relational reading of the performance. The study argues that TMAS both challenges and participates in the manner in which rainbow nation discourse constructs South African society and culture. Firstly, it considers the performance's construction of hybrid South African identities, including white Afrikaans, white English and white masculine identities. It argues that these reconstructions undermine the tendency within rainbow nation discourse to construct cultural hybridity in terms of stereotypically distinct identities. Secondly, it considers TMAS' construction of collective experience and social integration, which subverts the often glamorised and superficial representations of social healing and integration that are constructed within rainbow nation discourse. The analysis makes prominent reference to the notion of 'liminality' in order to describe the manner in which TMAS constructs significance within the tension that it establishes between oppositional, and often contradictory, positions. Furthermore, it attempts to establish a link between this notion of liminality and notions of theatrical syncretism that are prominent in contemporary South African theatre scholarship, and emphasise processes of signification that are constantly shifting and unstable.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Investigation of local institutions for the application of the in-field rain water harvesting technology in rural areas: the case of Guquka and Khayaletu in Nkonkobe Municipality in central Eastern Cape
- Authors: Mfaca, Malibongwe
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Rain and rainfall -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Water -- Storage , Water-supply , Water harvesting -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Water-supply, Rural -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc Agric (Agricultural Economics)
- Identifier: vital:11184 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1001031 , Rain and rainfall -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Water -- Storage , Water-supply , Water harvesting -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Water-supply, Rural -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011
Rhodes University - Scaffolding on the Clock Tower
- Subjects: Rhodes University -- Buildings -- Photographs Rhodes University -- History -- Photographs
- Type: Image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/14160 , vital:21903 , PIC/M 6045
- Description: This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant recieved from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
- Full Text: false
Formal portrait of Sir Thomas Maclear, FRS
- Authors: York, F
- Date: 1861
- Subjects: Maclear, Thomas, 1794-1879 -- Photographs
- Type: still image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/50301 , vital:25974 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , PIC/M 50
- Description: Formal portrait of Sir Thomas Maclear, Fellow of the Royal Society of Astronomers.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1861
The selection and evaluation of a sensory technology for interaction in a warehouse environment
- Authors: Zadeh, Seyed Amirsaleh Saleh , Greyling, Jean
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Human-computer interaction User interfaces (Computer systems) Computer architecture
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/13193 , vital:27160
- Description: In recent years, Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) has become a significant part of modern life as it has improved human performance in the completion of daily tasks in using computerised systems. The increase in the variety of bio-sensing and wearable technologies on the market has propelled designers towards designing more efficient, effective and fully natural User-Interfaces (UI), such as the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) and the Muscle-Computer Interface (MCI). BCI and MCI have been used for various purposes, such as controlling wheelchairs, piloting drones, providing alphanumeric inputs into a system and improving sports performance. Various challenges are experienced by workers in a warehouse environment. Because they often have to carry objects (referred to as hands-full) it is difficult to interact with traditional devices. Noise undeniably exists in some industrial environments and it is known as a major factor that causes communication problems. This has reduced the popularity of using verbal interfaces with computer applications, such as Warehouse Management Systems. Another factor that effects the performance of workers are action slips caused by a lack of concentration during, for example, routine picking activities. This can have a negative impact on job performance and allow a worker to incorrectly execute a task in a warehouse environment. This research project investigated the current challenges workers experience in a warehouse environment and the technologies utilised in this environment. The latest automation and identification systems and technologies are identified and discussed, specifically the technologies which have addressed known problems. Sensory technologies were identified that enable interaction between a human and a computerised warehouse environment. Biological and natural behaviours of humans which are applicable in the interaction with a computerised environment were described and discussed. The interactive behaviours included the visionary, auditory, speech production and physiological movement where other natural human behaviours such paying attention, action slips and the action of counting items were investigated. A number of modern sensory technologies, devices and techniques for HCI were identified with the aim of selecting and evaluating an appropriate sensory technology for MCI. iii MCI technologies enable a computer system to recognise hand and other gestures of a user, creating means of direct interaction between a user and a computer as they are able to detect specific features extracted from a specific biological or physiological activity. Thereafter, Machine Learning (ML) is applied in order to train a computer system to detect these features and convert them to a computer interface. An application of biomedical signals (bio-signals) in HCI using a MYO Armband for MCI is presented. An MCI prototype (MCIp) was developed and implemented to allow a user to provide input to an HCI, in a hands-free and hands-full situation. The MCIp was designed and developed to recognise the hand-finger gestures of a person when both hands are free or when holding an object, such a cardboard box. The MCIp applies an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to classify features extracted from the surface Electromyography signals acquired by the MYO Armband around the forearm muscle. The MCIp provided the results of data classification for gesture recognition to an accuracy level of 34.87% with a hands-free situation. This was done by employing the ANN. The MCIp, furthermore, enabled users to provide numeric inputs to the MCIp system hands-full with an accuracy of 59.7% after a training session for each gesture of only 10 seconds. The results were obtained using eight participants. Similar experimentation with the MYO Armband has not been found to be reported in any literature at submission of this document. Based on this novel experimentation, the main contribution of this research study is a suggestion that the application of a MYO Armband, as a commercially available muscle-sensing device on the market, has the potential as an MCI to recognise the finger gestures hands-free and hands-full. An accurate MCI can increase the efficiency and effectiveness of an HCI tool when it is applied to different applications in a warehouse where noise and hands-full activities pose a challenge. Future work to improve its accuracy is proposed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Phthalocyanine-nanoparticle conjugates for photodynamic therapy of cancer and phototransformation of organic pollutants
- Authors: Khoza, Phindile Brenda
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Phthalocyanines , Nanoparticles , Photochemotherapy , Cancer -- Chemotherapy , Zinc oxide , Photocatalysis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4538 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017918
- Description: The synthesis and extensive spectroscopical characterization of novel phthalocyanines are reported. The new compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, ¹HNMR, mass spectrometry and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The new phthalocyanines showed remarkable photophysicochemical behaviour. The novel phthalocyanines were then conjugated to nanoparticles, silver and ZnO. The coupling of the novel Pcs to nanoparticles was through covalent bonding and ligand exchange. These conjugates were supported onto electrospun polystyrene fibers and chitosan microbeads for use as photocatalysts. The efficiency of the immobilized Pcs and Pc-nanoparticles was assessed by the phototrasfromation of organic pollutants, methyl orange and Rhodamine 6G as model dyes. Upon conjugating phthalocyanines to nanoparticles, there was a great increase in the rate of photodegradation of the model dyes. The photodynamic activity of the novel phthalocyanines upon conjugating to nanoparticles and selected targeting agents is also reported. The targeting agents employed in this study are folic acid and polylysine. Conjugating the phthalocyanines to folic acid or polylysine improved the solubility of the phthalocyanines in aqueous media. The potency of the conjugates was investigated on breast (MCF-7), prostate and melanoma cancer cell lines. The phthalocyanines showed no toxicity in the absence of light. However, upon illumination, a concentration dependent cellular decrease was observed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Ziyaphela intanga zam
- Authors: Sikwankqeni villagers , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1979-12-10
- Subjects: Folk music -- South Africa , Xhosa (African people) -- Music , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa South Africa Sikwankqeni, Lumko f-sa
- Language: Xhosa
- Type: sound recordings , folk music , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/58481 , vital:27332 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC003b-07
- Description: Traditional Thembu umtshotsho dance song accompanied by claves.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1979-12-10
Single tree water use and water-use efficiencies of selected indigenous and introduced forest species in the southern Cape region of South Africa
- Authors: Mapeto, Tatenda
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Irrigation efficiency -- South Africa -- Western Cape Pinus radiata -- South Africa -- Western Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/11493 , vital:26932
- Description: In South Africa, the limited extent of indigenous forests accelerated the development of fast-growing introduced species plantations, on which the country is now heavily reliant for its fibre and timber products. However, the plantation forestry industry is challenged with limited freshwater resources, the need for sustainable management of introduced tree species in commercial forest production systems, and a diversity of plant ecological production factors such as soils that have to be manipulated for the purposes of increasing production capacities. Additionally, plantations are established in the limited high rainfall regions of the country and the industry’s water use has been regulated since 1972. Conversely, natural forests also provide valuable goods, however, their slow growth rates have restricted their development as commercial tree production systems. In this regard the forestry industry is continuously seeking to provide for the country’s timber and fibre needs while ensuring the provision of other ecosystem services from tree production systems. Recent developments in the forestry industry have therefore been focused on water use efficiency in current and alternative tree production systems. There is also widespread unsubstantiated belief that indigenous tree species are efficient users of water. Against this background this study sought to explore the single tree water use and water use efficiencies of introduced commercial plantation species (Pinus radiata) and that of important indigenous species (Ilex mitis, Ocotea bullata and Podocarpus latifolius) for timber and fibre production in the southern Cape region of South Africa. Single tree water use measurements were carried out for a year using the heat pulse velocity method. Growth measurements for utilisable stem wood were done on a quarterly basis for the specimen trees and growth increments over the year were determined. Single tree water use efficiency was a calculated as a function of grams of stem wood gained per litre of water transpired. Measurements of daily weather conditions and soil water content were concurrently taken during the year. The relationships between the variables that express daily climatic conditions, soil water content and daily volumes of transpired water were explored. Empirical models for the prediction of daily transpiration as a function of climate and soil water content were then developed using multiple linear regression analysis. Pinus radiata trees exhibited higher totals of volumetric transpiration than the indigenous species. The water use patterns of Pinus radiata showed higher peaks of maximum and minimum daily and seasonal water use while the indigenous species showed temperate patterns of water use throughout the year. Podocarpus latifolius attained the lowest water use efficiency in the year (0.49g/L) while Pinus radiata, Ocotea bullata and Ilex mitis had comparable water use efficiency values ranging between 1g/L to 2.50g/L. Significant positive correlations existed between climatic variables and daily sapflow volumes of the tree specimens. Daily total solar radiation showed the highest positive correlation with daily transpiration and the average value of the correlation coefficient for solar radiation and water use for all tree species was 0.70 (p < 0.001). Empirical models for predicting daily water use integrated the variables expressing plant available moisture and energy. The study enhances our understanding of single tree water use, water use efficiency, the drivers of transpiration and the applicability of such studies in developing rapid estimation techniques for water use in current and alternative South African tree production systems.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015