Showing items 61 - 80 of 2843

Your selections:

Effects of vigilance decrement on the recognition of embedded figures

  • Authors: Daniel, Robert David
  • Date: 1971
  • Subjects: Perception -- Testing , Cognitive psychology
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3202 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010961
  • Description: Field independence was described by Witkin et al (1962) as the ability to separate an item perceived from its context. Here most experiments have used visually presented material where the subject was shown a simple geometrical figure and then a complex one containing the simple figure as part of it: the subject's task was to find and point out where the simple figure was hidden. Recent work has suggested that the skills involved in Witkin's tests might be associated with particular cultural backgrounds. This extension of Witkin's theory of field independence by Wober linked visual phenomena with those of a social and maturational nature: the ability to separate visual items from their context was shown to be aligned with the development of a sense of personal identity ; the person was considered to be an item set in a context or social field, be it family or society around him: an individual, depending on the way he was socialized as a child, may perceive the world analytically, if he did he was labelled field independent, if not he was field dependent. Intro. p.1.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1971

Ironie en ek : aspekte van die ironie as struktuurfaktor in die romanwerke van Marnix Gijsen

  • Authors: Steyn, Karin
  • Date: 1971
  • Subjects: Irony in literature , Gijsen, Marnix, 1899-1984 -- Criticism and interpretation , Dutch fiction -- 20th Century
  • Language: Afrikaans
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3635 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013287
  • Description: From Nawoord, p. 182. Ironie word in Gijsen se oeuvre nie alleenlik op 'n besondere wyse gebruik as 'n vorm van spel met woorde ter versiering of tot vermaak van die leser nie, maar irornie vorm ook 'n allerbelangrikste aspek van die struktuur van sy verhale. Gijsen "gebruik" nie in die eerste plaas ironie om die een of ander doel te bereik nie. Sy werke is ironies, en 'n begrip van die ironiese struktuur is in elke verhaal essensieel vir "n begrip van die verhaal self.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1971

Some aspects of the mission policy and practice of the Church of the Province of South Africa in Ovamboland, 1924-1960

  • Authors: Mallory, Charles Shannon
  • Date: 1971
  • Subjects: Church of the Province of Southern Africa -- Namibia -- Owambo
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:1232 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007312 , Church of the Province of Southern Africa -- Namibia -- Owambo
  • Description: This thesis is a study that was originally inspired by the question, "What does it mean to be a Christian in rural Africa today?" While the Church needs to ask this question everywhere in the world, from experience the writer believes it is especially germane to the non-Western cultures of Africa and Asia. That experience is drawn from eight years' work among the Kwanyama tribe of Ovambos in the Ovamboland Anglican Mission. Hence, this study is confined to one rural African tribe as it came under 46 years' influence of one Christian denomination.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1971

A comparative developmental study of the fear of snakes

  • Authors: Bartel, P R
  • Date: 1972
  • Subjects: Snakes , Fear
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3198 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009505 , Snakes , Fear
  • Description: This study was conducted to determine the influence of age and culture on the fear of snakes. Five age groups, consisting of 20 White and 20 Xhosa subjects each, were tested. In addition to a behavioural and a GSR measure of fear, questionnaires were applied to determine the extent of the subjects' personal and vicarious aversive experiences of snakes and attitudes towards snakes. The behavioural measure showed a significant decrease in the fear of snakes between the 9 - 11 year and the 14 - 16 year White groups, while, for the Xhosa subjects, the fear of snakes increased significantly between the age groups 14 - 16 years and 18 - 20 years. The GSR measure showed a consistent level in the fear of snakes for White subjects. For the Xhosa subjects the mean GSR score for the 18 - 20 year .group was considerably higher than the means for the other age groups. The intensity of the fear of snakes for White and Xhosa subjects of the same age was remarkably similar. Xhosa subjects had significantly more negative attitudes towards snakes than white subjects. This finding was explained in terms of Whites having had greater opportunities to obtain factual information about snakes. No significant relationships were found between (a) the measures of the extent of the subjects' aversive experiences of snakes; (b) the degree of negative attitudes towards snakes; and the measures of the fear of snakes. On the basis of these measures, the etiology of the fear of snakes cannot be explained in terms of aversive experiences with snakes per se. The striking similarity of responses to a live snake by subjects from two widely different cultures suggests caution in an over-hasty dismissal of the theory of an innate fear of snakes.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1972

A survey of South African English verse printed in Cape periodicals and newspapers from 1824-1851

  • Authors: Hammond, Carol Anne
  • Date: 1972
  • Subjects: Mass media and literature -- 19th century , South African poetry (English) -- History and criticism -- 19th century
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2301 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012146 , Mass media and literature -- 19th century , South African poetry (English) -- History and criticism -- 19th century
  • Description: An interest in colonial literature is relatively new in the study of English. English-speaking South Africans especially, cut off as they are, a minority group in a new republic, have begun to re-assess their identity through a study of their existing literature. When asked what South African verse there was beside his own, Kipling remarked, "As to South African verse, it's a case of there's Pringle, and there's Pringle, and after that one must hunt the local papers." This thesis is the result of such a hunt - the hunt being limited to the years 1824 to 1851 - and on occasion, the writer has been tempted to conclude rather unfairly, "And there is only Pringle." It cannot be claimed that every poem ever printed during the period under review has been collected and examined, for the reason that many volumes of old newspapers are no longer available. Nevertheless, it has been possible to make a representative selection, which could provide the raw material for several theses to come. A detailed study of critical criteria prevalent at the Cape during this period, or public taste and the influence especially of the lesser British poets are some of the topics which might repay study. Intro., p. 1.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1972

The geography of the Bedford, Adelaide, Fort Beaufort, Stockenström and Victoria East magisterial districts

  • Authors: Childs, Nicol Treloar
  • Date: 1972
  • Subjects: Eastern Cape (South Africa) -- Geography , Land use, Rural -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:4861 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006845 , Eastern Cape (South Africa) -- Geography , Land use, Rural -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
  • Description: From introduction: This is a study of the physical landscape, climate, natural vegetation, historical geography and rural land use of the Bedford, Adelaide, Fort Beaufort, Stockenström and Victoria East magisterial districts. These five districts may be regarded as a natural region bounded by the crest of the Amatole-Winterberg range in the north and by the Great Fish River in the west. The southern boundary is a zone of semi-arid scrub bordering the Great Fish River valley. The Ciskei may be regarded as the eastern boundary of the region.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1972

A critical study of the chansons of the Chatelain de Couci (end of the XIIth to beginning of the XIIIth Century)

  • Authors: Salter, Christina
  • Date: 1973
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:21144 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6563
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1973

A study of the tragedy of Coriolanus by William Shakespeare

  • Authors: Knox, Catherine Mary
  • Date: 1973
  • Subjects: Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Coriolanus , Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Criticism and interpretation
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2304 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012642 , Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Coriolanus , Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Criticism and interpretation
  • Description: It would be difficult to prove conclusively that Shakespeare was not invited or requested to write a play based on the popular story of Coriolanus. J.M. Robertson concretises this possibility with an intriguing thesis that the play was in fact rewritten from an original by Chapman. The story, he argues, would have had a far greater appeal to Chapman with his consuming interest in the heroic age of Classical antiquity, than to Shakespeare. Further, it is likely, he says, that Chapman was familiar with Alexandre Hardy 's Coriolan which, it is generally accepted, Shakespeare was not, hence the startling similarities in some of the two plays' deviations from their common source. This is hardly a more satisfactory explanation than the kind of airy alternative that disposes of the mystery by saying the source material is such that it would invite any dramatist to make similar changes. Chap. 1
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1973

An investigation of the determinants of the spatial characteristics of figure placements

  • Authors: Edwards, D J A
  • Date: 1973
  • Subjects: Characters and characteristics , Psychology, Applied , Cross-cultural studies
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3205 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011739 , Characters and characteristics , Psychology, Applied , Cross-cultural studies
  • Description: The doll placement technique is a projective instrument which yields objective measures from which inferences may be drawn. Subjects place pairs of dolls to represent social encounters described to them by the experimenter. When the dolls have been placed, the distance between them and the angles at which they stand can serve as a source of information either about the personality of the placer or about the way in which he perceives the relationship between the interactors represented. Most experimental work employing figure placements has used flat felt figures which subjects have mounted on a flannel graph. This method limits an investigator to one dependent variable, the inter-figure distance. However if three dimensional dolls are placed three dependent measures can be derived from a placement, one of distance and two of orientation. It has been demonstrated that a reliable correlation exists between the spatial relations between figures placed by a person and the spatial relationships between real interactors. The theoretical analysis of the determinants of interpersonal distance and orientation in social encounters which has been worked out by students of non-verbal behaviour is therefore able to serve as a basis for the interpretation of the spatial characteristics of doll placements. Previous work with the doll placement technique has concentrated on the distance between dolls. The present study explored the determinants of figure orientations. Firstly an analysis was made of the types of orientation pattern that can occur when two persons are involved in a social encounter. Secondly, an experiment was performed which was designed to explore whether asymmetry in an orientation pattern might act as a cue to determine how individual figures in a pair were perceived. Thirdly, two doll placement studies were performed which were designed to investigate the conditions giving rise to asymmetrical orientation patterns and the determinants of direct and indirect orientations. The confidence or anxiety attributed to an interactor represented by a figure proved to be a major determinant of its spatial position. The results of the study indicate that the use of the angle measures in the analysis of doll placements considerably enhances the value of the technique. It is argued that the doll placement method could be profitably employed both as a clinical instrument and as a research tool for cross-cultural psychology.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1973

Coleridge on drama

  • Authors: Wagstaff, Brian John
  • Date: 1973
  • Subjects: Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 1772-1834 -- Dramatic works , Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 1772-1834 -- Criticism and interpretation , English drama -- 18th century -- History and criticism
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2276 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007255 , Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 1772-1834 -- Dramatic works , Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 1772-1834 -- Criticism and interpretation , English drama -- 18th century -- History and criticism
  • Description: From Introduction: In the Preface to his book The idea of Coleridge's Criticism, Richard Harter Fogle states: There is... I am confident, a need for such a study as I here introduce; a study of Coleridge's criticism in itself, tentatively accepting the metaphysical assumptions on which it is based and focusing upon its central principles and inner relationship; endeavouring without direct regard for its external connections to the past and the present to see it as a whole, yet at the same time anxiously regardful of its permanent significance and its bearing upon practical criticism. These are the principles on which I have based this thesis, applied more particularly to Coleridge's criticism of drama.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1973

Dr Johnson's critical assumptions in the preface to Shakespeare: an essay in descriptive method

  • Authors: Gouws, John Stephen
  • Date: 1973
  • Subjects: Johnson, Samuel, 1709-1784 -- Criticism and interpretation , Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Criticism and interpretation
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2298 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012073 , Johnson, Samuel, 1709-1784 -- Criticism and interpretation , Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Criticism and interpretation
  • Description: "His criticism may be considered as general or occasional. In his general precepts, which depend upon the nature of things and the structure of the human mind, he may doubtlessly be safely recommended to the confidence of the reader: but his occasional and particular positions were sometimes interested, sometimes negligent, and sometimes capricious." With certain qualifications, it would be the opinion of those critics who share a great admiration of the man that this statement might well have been made of Johnson himself. There are those, however, whose esteem of Johnson is perhaps not so great. One thus finds Alan Tate writing: "One is constantly impressed by Johnson's consistency of point of view, over the long pull of his self-dedication to letters. There is seldom either consistency or precision in his particular judgements and definitions -- a defect that perhaps accounts negatively for his greatness as a critic: the perpetual reformulation of his standards, with his eye on the poetry, has done much to keep eighteenth century verse alive in our day. His theories (if his ideas ever reach that level of logical abstraction) are perhaps too simple for our taste and too improvised; but his reading is disciplined and acute." Tate is eager to perpetuate the notion of Johnson as a critic with a massive common sense and little more, an imputation which Johnson would not only resent, but dismiss as short-sighted. Intro., p. 1.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1973

Hesiods Vorstellungen von Moipa, Timh, Themis and Dikh

  • Authors: Spandau, Stefanie
  • Date: 1973
  • Subjects: Hesiod , Homer , Greek poetry -- Criticism and interpretation
  • Language: German
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3642 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1014548
  • Description: [Moipa, Timh, Themis and Dikh] geben Aufsehluβ über die Anschauungen des von Homer und Hesiod dargestellten Menschen, seinen Glauben, seine Rechts- und Staatsauffassung und seine Einsehatzung des Menschen. Moipa stellt einen Glaubensbereich dar, der neben den Göttern Gültigkeit hat. Timh ist ein Maβstab, an dem gewisse Menschen und aIle Götter gewertet werden. Themis und Dikh verkörpen Vorstellungen, die aus der politisch-rechtlichen Sphäre stammen. Darüber hinaus stellen diese vier Anschauungen den Versuch des Menschen dar, sich und seine Welt zu verstehen und sich in dieser Welt zurechtzufinden. Der Schiecksalsglaube stellt das Verständnis des Menschen von den ihn persönlich treffenden Ereignissen dar. Durch die Timh findet der Mensch oder Gott seinen ihm zugewiesenen Rang innerhalb der Gesellschaft; sie verleiht dem Einzelnen die Selbstsicherheit und den Wert, den er besitzen muβ, um vor den anderen bestehen zu können. Themis und Dikh sind Stutzen und Pfeiler, auf denen die Gesellschaft basiert. Mit ihr ordnet der Mensch seine Gemeinschaft rechtlich und politisch.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1973

The lyric vision of W. H. Davies: pastoral, the unintelligible universe, community

  • Authors: Rabinowitz, Ivan Arthur
  • Date: 1973
  • Subjects: Davies, W. H. (William Henry), 1871-1940 -- Criticism and interpretation , English poetry -- 20th century , Poets, English -- 20th century -- Biography
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2280 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007579 , Davies, W. H. (William Henry), 1871-1940 -- Criticism and interpretation , English poetry -- 20th century , Poets, English -- 20th century -- Biography
  • Description: From Introductory note: The Complete Poems of W.H. Davies (London: Jonathan Cape, 1963; rev. 1968) has been used throughout this study. Accordingly, unless otherwise stated, all citations of poem numbers and pagination refer to this text. Critical literature on the work of W.H. Davies is restricted in quantity and limited in scope. There are few comprehensive assessments of Davies as poet, autobiographer, novelist, or raconteur. Apart from such sources as Richard J. Stonesifer's full-length critical biography (1963), Lawrence Hockey's biographical monograph (1971), and Thomas Moult's anecdotal and historical appreciation (1934), critical material must be drawn from contemporary reviews, isolated articles in magazines such as The Catholic World and Fortnightly Review, and specific chapters in surveys of the poetry of the early twentieth century, although Davies is frequently alluded to passim in literary histories which deal with this period. Many of these studies favour biographical exposition and evaluation rather than descriptive analysis and discursive interpretation. A detailed chronology of Davies's works is included in Stonesifer's discussion. This thesis is not attempting to trace a line of development for two reasons. First, the Complete Poems gives no indication of date of composition or publication of particular poems, and the present writer has access only to the dates of publication of individual volumes as external evidence of a chronology, internal evidence being confined to such infrequent references as "the birds of steel" in Poem no. 236, p. 260. Secondly, the lyrics themselves do not, on the whole, evince much stylistic and thematic development, and the concern of this study is with recurrent themes and techniques dispersed throughout the oeuvre.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1973

The voice of protest in English poetry : with special reference to poets of the first three decades of the twentieth century

  • Authors: Verschoor, Edith N E
  • Date: 1973
  • Subjects: Protest poetry, English -- History and criticism , English poetry -- History and criticism , English poetry -- 20th century -- History and criticism
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2277 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007270
  • Description: Poetry, like every other form of art, reflects the values of the artist himself as well as the values of the age in which he lives. "I would say that the poet may write about anything provided that the thing matters to him to start with, for then it will bring with it into the poem the intellectual or moral significance which it has for him in life". (Louis MacNeice). This thesis sets out to uncover some of the things which, in the long pageant of English poetry, have "mattered" to poets to such an extent that they have felt compelled to voice their protest against any violation of such things perceived by them in life around them. The basic study has been a search for the different kinds of values and codes of conduct, in social, political and moral spheres, which have been unacceptable to some of the major poets in English, and to examine particularly the manner and the tone of voice in which each one has expressed his disapproval. "Poetry was the mental rattle that awakened the attention of intellect in the infancy of civil society." (T.L.Peacock). English poets who have protested against whatever they regarded as worthy of protest have continued up to the maturity of civil society to be rattles (some soft and mellow, others loud and harsh), to awaken both the intellect and the conscience of their readers.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1973

'n Ondersoek na Afrikaanse beskouings oor die kortverhaal met besondere verwysing na enkele nuwer Afrikaanse verhale

  • Authors: Du Toit, P A
  • Date: 1974
  • Subjects: Short stories, South African (Afrikaans) -- History and criticism
  • Language: Afrikaans
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3628 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011504 , Short stories, South African (Afrikaans) -- History and criticism
  • Description: Dit is reeds deur andere gese: dat die "vernuwing van Sestig" in die Afrikaanse prosa die Afrikaanse prosakritiek tot bestekname gedwing het soos die vernuwing in die poësie van Dertig die kritiek van daardie tyd. En waar die vernuwing in die prosa ook op die gebied van die kort prosakuns so duidelik op die voorgrond was, kan daar wel gevra word: hoe geldig is die teorieDit is reeds deur andere gess: dat die "vernuwing van Sestig" in die Afrikaanse prosa die Afrikaanse prosakritiek tot bestekname gedwing het soos die vernuwing in die poesie van Dertig die kritiek van daardie tyd. 2 En waar die vernuwing in die prosa ook op die gebied van die kort prosakuns so duidelik op die voorgrond was, kan daar wel gevra word: hoe geldig is die teorieë wat in Afrikaans so eksplisit oor die "kortverhaal" opgestel is vir die nuwer Afrikaanse verhaalkuns? en daarby: hoe geldig is die nuwer, meer teksgerigte beskouings in Afrikaans? Die vraag is die kern van die huidige studie.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1974

A cross cultural study of eidetic imagery and short term memory

  • Authors: Lewis, William Michael
  • Date: 1974
  • Subjects: Cross-cultural studies , Eidetic imagery , Short-term memory
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3141 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007182 , Cross-cultural studies , Eidetic imagery , Short-term memory
  • Description: The complexity of behaviour necessitates a clear and concise approach in order to comprehend its functioning. An example of such an approach is highlighted by the field of cybernetics. Cybernetic models have been used extensively throughout the various fields of Psychology but perhaps never more so as in the case of short term memory (STM). This particular field abounds with behavioural models and research workers are constantly developing new models or testing the universality of existing models. Universal validity is essential to the strength of the behavioural principles inherent in any model but unfortunately such validity tends to be neglected. The present study attempts to reconcile this position with reference to specific models of STM, with relation to the phenomena of eidetic imagery (EI). Certain studies concerning the incidence of EI in illiterate Africans have produced results which are contradictory to those obtained in the Western culture. Two of the most important contradictions concern the fact that the illiterate Africans experienced the absence of an age parameter on the occurrence of such imagery and the fact that the incidence of imagery was more extensive in the African culture. A reason for these contradictions was sought and it was reasoned that as eidetic images have been closely linked with memory images, it may, therefore, be assumed that these particular cultures may use EI as an aid to memory in the absence of written material. Further, it would not be unreasonable to assume that this visual imagery may tend to dominate the STM process and thereby challenge the universality of those memory models that proposed acoustic domination of this process. No work has been done in investigating the memory process of the Africans. Thus, a study which did so would not only test the universality of specific memory models but would also possibly throw more light on the memory process itself. In this particular study there were three specific aims; (a) to ascertain the relative incidence of EI on a cross-cultural level, (b) to assess the influence of EI on the memory process, and (c) to ascertain the extent to which principles of STM developed in the West applied to the African groups. The groups concerned in the study comprised two Xhosa groups and a European group. The European group (WS) was drawn from a White Student population at Rhodes University and was regarded as a control group. The equivalent literate Xhosa group (BS) was drawn from a Black Student population at the University of Fort Hare. The illiterate Xhosa group (RX) was drawn from a population of Red Xhosa people in the Transkei. Four tasks were administered to the groups with the cross-cultural variable carefully controlled as much as possible. The following comprised the four tasks; (a) eidetic imagery (b) auditory serial recall (c) visual serial recall and (d) an acoustic confusable task. Each subject commenced with the eidetic imagery task and was then confronted with a random presentation of the other three tasks. The EI task began with an after image task which was foIlowed by three selected pictures which comprised the EI task. After each picture presentation the subject was closely questioned as to the presence of imagery. Scoring was of a subjective nature. The visual and acoustic confusion tasks constituted serial presentation of ten items over six randomized trials. Each item was presented for 0,75 seconds with a negligible inter-item interval. The presentation order of the items was randomized throughout the trials. Presentation was by means of a preprogrammed 16mm colour film. Items were scored for correct serial position. The auditory task consisted of the serial presentation of ten items over six randomized trials. The items were once again randomized throughout the trials with regards to presentation order. The presentation speed was one word per second. The presentation was by means of a pre-programmed tape. Items were scored for correct serial position. The visual task was common to both language groups whilst the other two tasks correlated with the language group. Thus, the items in the auditory and acoustic confusion tasks were different for each language but an attempt was made to control this variable. The tasks were conducted in the subjects home language which was either Xhosa or English. It was assumed that the RX group would demonstrate a greater incidence of EI, irrespective of the age of the subject, and that imagery would be reflected in the recall performance of the memory tasks. It was suggested that imagery may determine or encourage the mode of storage that the subject employed, which, in this case, would be the visual modality. If so then it would be expected that visual storage would circumvent the detrimental influence of acoustic confusability. The Xhosa university group (BS ) was an unknown quantity but was included to ascertain whether there were any marked differences between the group and the other two. The results revealed that imagery was in fact more prevalent in the Xhosa groups whilst the WS group demonstrated a complete lack of EI but did report the presence of pictorial imagery (PI). However, imagery did not appear to function as an aid to memory. It seemed, however, that in certain instances it correlated with visual encoding. Generally the Xhosa subjects, especially with regards to the visual tasks, tended to encode visually whilst the WS group encoded auditorily. With reference to recall performance, it was found that in all instances the WS group demonstrated superior recall followed by the BS and RX groups in that order. There was a significant difference in the strength of recall between each of the groups. The results of the auditory and visual tasks were interpreted within the STM principles developed in the West. It was found that the WS group adhered to these principles thereby justifying its position as a central group. The BS group followed a similar pattern with exception to the recency effect which was much weaker in their case. The RX group reported the absence of any storage and rehearsal strategies and this was reflected in their poor recall performance. They too were characterized by a very weak recency effect. The interesting point arose, however, when the auditory and visual recency effects were compared. According to Crawder and Norton (1969) the influence or the precategorical acoustic store (PAS) on recall should be reflected by a comparatively stronger auditory recency effect. This trend was observed in relation to the WS group but not to the Xhosa groups who tended to demonstrate a stronger visual recency effect. It was therefore, suspected that PAS did not operate with the same effectiveness with the Xhosa subjects. In fact it was suggested that in the case of the Xhosa subjects the visual peripheral store may be stronger than PAS. Contrary to expectation all three groups exhibited acoustic confusion. This was expected of the WS group as the subjects preferred auditory storage , but not of the Xhosa subjects who preferred visual storage. It was suggested however, that in the case of the Xhosa subjects the visual storage technique would have to be abandoned immediately prior to or during recall as recall was necessarily in the auditory modality. The outcome of the experiment generally confirmed Doab's conclusions as to the incidence of imagery and its relation with memory. However, due to the Xhosa preference for visual storage and their stronger visual recency effect, Sperling's model was slightly modified. Conrad 's findings were, of course, substantiated.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1974

A forgotten frontier zone : settlements and reactions in the Stormberg area between 1820-1860

  • Authors: Wagenaar, E J C
  • Date: 1974
  • Subjects: Eastern Cape (South Africa) -- History , South Africa -- History -- 1836-1909 , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2592 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007262
  • Description: From Preface: In 1778 Joachim van Plettenberg declared the Fish River as boundary between the Trekboer and the Xhosa. The area between the lower reaches of the Fish and Kei Rivers was to become the main centre of conflict in nine frontier wars. It was here, too, that successive governors carried out experiments to stabilize land and people in the area. But after 1820, while official attention was focused on this trouble spot, a new and related zone of conflict was gradually and almost unnoticed opening up. This was in the north-east where the first encounters between Trekboer and Thembu were beginning to take place. By 1825 the spearhead of the Thembu, harassed by the amaNgwane raids, had migrated across the Kei River to settle south of the Stormberg in what is now the district of Queenstown. By this time the first Trekboers in their perennial search for water and pasturage had crossed the Stormberg Spruit to settle on the waste land north of the Stormberg. The history of the Stormberg area is predominantly an account of the interaction between these two peoples.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1974

A share in pain and passion: the women of Synge's plays

A structural investigation of the short stories of Katherine Mansfield with special reference to the idea of the true and false self

  • Authors: Geldenhuys, M F
  • Date: 1974
  • Subjects: Mansfield, Katherine, 1888-1923 -- Criticism and interpretation , Short stories , Self in literatur
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2296 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011969
  • Description: A survey of the available literature on Katherine Mansfield has shown that, in the five decades which have elapsed since the author's death, critical interest has gradually, but significantly, altered its direction. Despite the workmanlike assessments of such critics as David Daiches in Britain and Andre Maurois in France, and the recognition of her mastery of the short story form by such fellow practitioners of the art as H.E. Bates and Elizabeth Bowen, the mainstream of criticism tended, in the first decades after the author's death, to centre less upon the characteristics of the work itself than upon a cult- like fascination, initiated, perhaps, by the perceptive but over-interested pen of Middleton Murry. Only more recently has this tendency been superseded by a more rigorous scrutiny of the stories themselves; thus the excellence of the author 's technique has now become a major concern. Recent recognition has been accorded, too, to the fact that the stories were in the vanguard of their time with regard to the choice of, as well as the treatment of, theme. Intro. p. 1-2.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1974

Some aspects of John Clare's pastoral vision as reflected in the The Shepherd's Calendar, sonnets and other selected poems

  • Authors: Pyott, Maureen
  • Date: 1974
  • Subjects: Spenser, Edmund, 1552?-1599 -- Criticism and interpretation , Clare, John, 1793-1864 -- Criticism and interpretation , Pastoral poetry, English , Country life -- England -- Poetry , Nature -- Poetry
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2281 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007580 , Spenser, Edmund, 1552?-1599 -- Criticism and interpretation , Clare, John, 1793-1864 -- Criticism and interpretation , Pastoral poetry, English , Country life -- England -- Poetry , Nature -- Poetry
  • Description: From Preface: In this thesis it is proposed to examine the pastoral vision, symbolized by Eden, which permeates Clare's poetry, as it is reflected in The Shepherd's Calendar, the sonnets (certain of which will be analysed in detail) and a group of lyrics. This pastoral vision, while including time and space, transcends them in such a way that Eternity becomes an important concept in Clare's pastoral poems. The final chapter of this thesis will, therefore, concentrate on this aspect of Clare's pastoral vision, not by attempting to define Clare's understanding of Eternity, but by illustrating it in four of his lyrics. Because of the lack of a full and reliable text of the complete works of John Clare and the inability of the present writer to establish for certain the chronological order of his poems, there will be no attempt in this thesis to show a development in Clare's poetry. Nor will there be an attempt to evaluate in the light of Clare's "madness" those poems known to have been written while he was in a mental asylum - a non-literary study requiring knowledge associated with the discipline of psychology; and the present writer concurs in the opinion that "it is the continuity of Clare's life and ways of thought and feeling which claims one's attention, rather than the disruptions of insanity".
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1974
  • Disclaimer
  • Privacy
  • Copyright
  • Contact