Diggale
- Authors: Ismael Lo (author, composer, lead vocal, rhythm guitar, harmonica, chorus) , EH. Malick Diouf (solo guitar, arrangments) , Paul Thierry Oliveira (keyboard, arrangments) , Alioune Wade (bass guitar) , El Hadji Faye (percussion) , Figaro Diagne (marimba) , Abib Ndiaye (drums) , Thirifays Claude (saxophone) , Ramirez Jean Pierre (trumpet) , Welch Jean Marc (trombone) , Thione Ballago Seck (performer) , Amy Bambe (chorus) , Studio 2000 , Samassa Records
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130137 , vital:36379 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC38-02
- Description: Mbalax sound is characherised by Senegalese nder lead drum, sabar rhythm drum and tama talking drum percussion and African and Arabic vocalistic styling in the Wolof language that accompanies Western keyboard and other electronic guitar and brass instruments
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Dioko
- Authors: Omar Pene (author, composer, lead vocal) , Babacar Dieng, Mada Ba (Super Diamono vocals) , Lappa Diagne (Super Diamono drums) , Iba Ndiaye, Papis Ba, Ousmane Sow (Super Diamono keyboards) , Doudou Conare, Ousmane Sow (Super Diamono guitars) , Pape Ndiaye ( Super Diamono percussion) , Dembel Diop (Super Diamono bass, arrangement) , Amy Bamba, Awa Maiga (guest vocals) , Brass: Philippe Slominsky, Ibou Konate (guest trumpet), Alain Hatot, Sanou Diouf (guest saxophone), Jacques Bolognesi, Moustapha Fall (guest trombone) , Philippe Guez (guest keyboard) , Thio Mbaye (guest percussions, vocal) , Syllart Production
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Mbalax (Music) , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130348 , vital:36407 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC41-05
- Description: Reggae and jazz influenced dance music rooted in Sengalese mbalax frenetic and syncopated rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Diongama
- Authors: Ismael Lo (author, composer, lead vocal, rhythm guitar, harmonica, chorus) , EH. Malick Diouf (solo guitar, arrangments) , Paul Thierry Oliveira (keyboard, arrangments) , Alioune Wade (bass guitar) , El Hadji Faye (percussion) , Figaro Diagne (marimba) , Abib Ndiaye (drums) , Thirifays Claude (saxophone) , Ramirez Jean Pierre (trumpet) , Welch Jean Marc (trombone) , Amy Bambe (chorus) , Studio 2000 , Samassa Records
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music--Africa, West
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130142 , vital:36380
- Description: Mbalax sound is characherised by Senegalese nder lead drum, sabar rhythm drum and tama talking drum percussion and African and Arabic vocalistic styling in the Wolof language that accompanies Western keyboard and other electronic guitar and brass instruments
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Diour Sanni
- Authors: Ismael Lo (author, composer, lead vocal, rhythm guitar, harmonica, chorus) , EH. Malick Diouf (solo guitar, arrangments) , Paul Thierry Oliveira (keyboard, arrangments) , Alioune Wade (bass guitar) , El Hadji Faye (percussion) , Figaro Diagne (marimba) , Abib Ndiaye (drums) , Thirifays Claude (saxophone) , Ramirez Jean Pierre (trumpet) , Welch Jean Marc (trombone) , Studio 2000 , Samassa Records
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130164 , vital:36382 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC38-05
- Description: Mbalax sound is characherised by Senegalese nder lead drum, sabar rhythm drum and tama talking drum percussion and African and Arabic vocalistic styling in the Wolof language that accompanies Western keyboard and other electronic guitar and brass instruments
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Djanfa
- Authors: Koniba Traore (author, composer, interpreter, performer) , Straun Douglas
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music--Mali--1991-2000 , Guitar , Drum--Performance , Djembe music , Africa Mali Bamako f-ml
- Language: Bambara
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/125469 , vital:35786 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDCO1-01
- Description: Malian popular music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Djesse
- Authors: Billy Sincop, Goly Herve (key board) , Vata Monbassa, Santa N'guessan, N'dri Martial (guitars) , Niamkey Jusitine, Botha Therese, Loukou Kedjebo, N'guessan Pitie, Gerbasco, Kouadio Maurison (chorus) , Santa N'guessan (arrangement) , Kouadio Maurison (perfromer) , Santa N'guessan
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cote d'Ivoire Abidjan f-iv
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/127804 , vital:36047 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDCO7-07
- Description: Ivorian band with solo and chorus singing, accompanied by synthesiser, guitars and percussion
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Djinke Mousso
- Authors: Batoma Sissoko (lead singer) , Batoma Sissoko
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Mali Bamako f-ml
- Language: Malinka
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/131240 , vital:36542 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC50-09
- Description: Mandingo popular song with lead female vocal, accompanied by chorus, n'goni, balafon, Malian percussion, and other traditional Malian instruments, combined with Western guitar and drums
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Djongoma
- Authors: Thione Seck (lead singer) , Raam Daan (band name of accompanying musicians) , Syllart Production
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Mbalax (Music) , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/131379 , vital:36565 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC52-04
- Description: The spare beautiful Dakar sound is propelled by percussion,and dominated by Thione Seck's thrilling voice
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Dlambe Lo!
- Authors: Mafika, N , Ndzelani, M , Magqirha, N , Tukani, N , Tukani, M , Pintshana, T , Mukwena, E , Thukani, M. J. , Ndzelani, N , Dargie, Dave
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Hogsback sa
- Language: IsiXhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/344518 , vital:63140 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC347a-03
- Description: Traditional music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Doni Taba
- Authors: Mamou Sidibe (composer, author, lead singer) , Yves Wernert (bass, recording engineer)) , Boua Diakite (kamelen'ngoni) , Moussa Kanoute (karignan) , Ramata Diakite (chorus) , Moussa Kone (accoustic and electric guitar) , Adama Traore (calebasse) , MALI K7 S.A. Ali Furka Toure Associe, Bamako
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music--Africa, West , Folk music , Africa Mali Bamako f-ml
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129875 , vital:36341 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC34-05
- Description: Traditional Malian song in the Wasssoulou style overlaid with modern techno sound producing Mali-Techno music and giving the performer the nickname techno-Mamou
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Door mou danou
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129477 , vital:36297 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-07
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Dramatic learning : a case study of theatre for development and environmental education
- Authors: Burt, Jane Caroline
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Drama in education -- South Africa Environmental education -- Study and teaching (Elementary)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1501 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003383
- Description: The aim of my research was to introduce drama, in the form of theatre for development processes, to local Grahamstown Primary School teachers, and to work closely with one teacher to explore theatre for development in the classroom, as a means of introducing both environmental education and learner-centred, constructivist teaching methodologies. I started my research by interviewing Primary School principals as well as sending out questionnaires to teachers, to survey their understanding and practice of drama and environmental education in the school curriculum and to invite them to participate in the research project. In collaboration with Educational Drama and Theatre students, I developed two workshops to introduce theatre for development processes such as image theatre and role-play to the teachers. Nine teachers attended this workshop which was video-taped. After the workshop I gave two lessons at a local school, in partnership with a teacher. Throughout this process I kept a research journal. All action components of the research were followed up with individual interviews, group discussions and a focus group. Although the study gave rise to multiple themes, I chose to highlight two: Firstly, Curriculum 2005 advocates a move towards more learner-centred,constructivist and process-orientated pedagogies. All of the participants in this study, including myself, had intentions of adopting a new approach tq education and teaching but found that we often reverted back to earlier learnt roles of product-orientated, text-based, authoritarian approaches to education which we originally had rejected. Secondly, I reflect on how we set out viewing environmental education, education, drama and research as a process and yet all the participants, including myself, continually tried to 'put on' the perfect performance in the form of a drama, a learning experience and research. This project was a participatory research project. The textwork of the research reflects a post-structural orientation. It has been written in the form of a drama to represent the many voices of the participants, but also to question the role of research in society and make research more accessible to non-academic readers. I also intend to perform the research process at a later stage.
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- Date Issued: 1999
Dreamwork and imaginal healing: the incorporation of artwork in a systematized method of group dreamwork
- Authors: Euvrard, Gwenda Joan
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Dreams -- Therapeutic use , Art therapy , Jungian psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2972 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002481 , Dreams -- Therapeutic use , Art therapy , Jungian psychology
- Description: This exploratory study investigated the expansion of an established systematized group dreamwork method (Shuttleworth-Jordan, 1995) to incorporate artwork. The rationale for the addition of artwork was situated firstly, in a poetic Jungian understanding of the image as a holistic "place" of gnosis or transformative healing and, secondly, in an argument that in order to carry the gnostic potential of the image into the lived world, a dreamwork method should involve all four styles of consciousness (thinking, intuition, sensation and feeling). It was considered that the verbal interpretive Shuttleworth-Jordan method would be enhanced by the incorporation of a visual artwork process in order more fully to open the potential of the method for incorporating the nonverbal intuitive, sensation and feeling styles of consciousness. In order to compare the established method (dreamwork Without Art) and the proposed method (dreamwork With Art), two dreamwork workshops were conducted in which all participants experienced all four conditions of the study: Dream Presenter Without Art, Dream Presenter With Art, Group Member Without Art, Group Member With Art. Two levels of assessment were utilized: a quantitative analysis (involving rating scales completed after each dreamwork session), supported by a qualitative analysis (involving written questionnaires completed at the end of the workshops and follow-up interviews conducted a week after completion of the workshops). The results suggested that the incorporation of artwork in the Shuttleworth-Jordan (1995) group dreamwork method enhanced the established method in that a consistent trend of increased involvement in the dreamwork process and increased dreamwork effectiveness was reflected, while no deleterious effects were noted which might detract from the effectiveness of the existing model which had been established in previous research studies. Finally, a refined step-by-step group dreamwork method incorporating artwork was proposed, which included qualitative feedback from the present study.
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- Date Issued: 1999
DSC screening of potential prochlorperazine-excipient interactions in preformulation studies
- Authors: Brown, Michael E , Antunes, Edith M , Glass, Beverley M , Lebete, Mosimotsana L , Walker, Roderick B
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/184367 , vital:44212 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010150305542"
- Description: Differential scanning calorimetry was used to examine the thermal behaviour of mixtures of the drug prochlorperazine with standard excipients, to assess potential interactions, and of mixtures with cyclodextrins, to investigate inclusion complexation which could increase the photostability of the drug. For most of the excipients (magnesium stearate, stearic acid, Explotab®, Ac-Di-Sol®, Encompress® and Ludipress®, lactose and Starch 1500) disappearance or broadening of the melting endotherm of the drug indicated interactions. Lubritab® was the only 'inert' excipient tested. Mixtures of prochlorperazine and the cyclodextrins gave incomplete inclusion complexation as shown by only partial disappearance of the melting endotherm of the drug.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Effect of concentration and degree of saturation of topical fluocinonide formulations on in vitro membrane transport and in vivo availability on human skin
- Authors: Schwarb, Fabian P , Imanidis, Georgios , Smith, Eric W , Haigh, John M , Surber, Christian
- Date: 1999
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6425 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006560
- Description: Purpose. The thermodynamic acitvity of drugs in topical vehicles is considered to significantly influence topical delivery. In vitro diffusion across a synthetic membrane was shown to be correlated to the degree of saturation of the drug in the applied vehicle and therefore offers a potential for increased topical drug delivery. Fluocinonide a topical corticosteroid, was chosen as a model compound to investigate in vitro and in vivo availability from formulations with different degrees of saturation. Methods. Sub-, as well as, supersaturated drug solutions were prepared using PVP as an antinucleant agent. In vitro membrane diffusion experiments across silicone membrane and in vivo pharmacodynamic activity assessments, using the human skin blanching assay, were carried out. Results. Over the concentration range studied, the in vitro membrane transport of fluocinonide was proportional to the degree of saturation of the respective formulations. The in vivo pharmacodynamic response in the human skin blanching assay was related to the concentration of the drug in the vehicle irrespective of the degree of saturation. Conclusions. From the membrane permeation experiment it can be concluded, that the drug flux might be increased supra-proportionally with increasing donor concentration, drug (super-)saturation (proportional), beyond what would be anticipated based on ideal donor concentration and partition coefficient considerations only. These findings could not be confirmed in the in vivo investigation, probably due to additional vehicle effects (e.g., enhancement, irritation, drug binding) which have to be expected and could have altered the integrity of the stratum corneum and therewith topical bioavailability of the drug.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Effective application of digital printing techniques for fine artists in the South African context
- Authors: Giloi, Susan Louise
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Photography -- Digital techniques
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Photography)
- Identifier: vital:10760 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/15 , Photography -- Digital techniques
- Description: The question to be answered by this research is how would a fine artist working in South Africa, identify and use the correct digital printing techniques to accurately print their work?
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1999
Effects of zone and wave exposure on population structure and recruitment of the mussel (Perna perna) in South Africa
- Authors: Lindsay, Justin Robert
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Perna -- South Africa , Perna -- Growth , Mussels -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5685 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005371 , Perna -- South Africa , Perna -- Growth , Mussels -- South Africa
- Description:
Certain aspects of the population dynamics of the brown mussel, Perna perna, were examined at 18 sites along the south coast of South African. Specifically the effects of wave exposure and tidal height were examined in relation to mussel size, biomass and density. A single set of samples was removed from each of the 18 sites, over three spring tide cycles. Sites were classified as exposed or sheltered prior to sampling. Principal component analysis (PCA) (based on mussel length data) and length frequency histograms revealed that there was a general decrease in the modal size of the adult mussel cohort with an increase in tidal height. The effects of exposure on mussel size decreased higher on the shore. On the exposed low shore the maximum size of mussels had a mean length of 102.3mm and was significantly larger (ANOVA, p<0.0001) than that for mussels on sheltered shores (86.7mm). The difference between mean maximum lengths of mussels on the mid shore was not so great, exposed sites had a average mean maximum length of 79.9, while on the sheltered shores it was 68.4mm. On the high shore the difference between the average mean maximum lengths at exposed and sheltered sites was only 3.9mm. The fact that the effects of exposure were greatest on the low shore was also borne out in the PCA. In this analysis low shore exposed and sheltered zones separated into two groups with little overlap, mid shore exposed and sheltered zones were positioned next to each other, and exposed and sheltered high shore zones were clumped together. Densities of adult mussels (>l5mm) were calculated as real densities from randomly placed quads i.e. not from areas of 100% cover. Density decreased up the shore; low, mid and high shore zones were significantly different from each other (ANOVA , p<0.0001; followed by multiple range tests). There was no significant difference between the densities of mussels at exposed and sheltered sites within each zone (ANOVA, p=0.7155). Recruit (
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- Date Issued: 1999
Electrochemical studies of gold bioaccumulation by yeast cell wall components
- Authors: Lack, Barbara Anne
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Hydrometallurgy , Electrochemical analysis , Gold ores , Gold
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4311 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004969 , Hydrometallurgy , Electrochemical analysis , Gold ores , Gold
- Description: Gold, amongst other group 11 metals, was almost certainly one of the first three metals known to man. In addition to the economic importance of the metal, gold has a wide variety of applications in the medical, electrocatalytical and micro-electronics fields. However, the determination of gold ions in solution, with accuracy, precision, sensitivity and selectivity is still an interesting and much debated topic in analytical chemistry. A system whereby gold ions have been successfully detected employing an electrochemical technique, known as stripping voltammetry, has been developed. The electrochemical method was chosen over other available techniques for the sensitivity, particularly at low concentrations, and selectivity properties; notably in the presence of other metal ions. Under acidic conditions, the electrochemical technique was applied and the presence of gold(III), at a concentration of 2.53 x 10⁻⁵ mol dm⁻³ in a mine waste water sample, was detected. Biomass, in particular yeast and algal types, have been successfully employed in extracting low concentrations of gold ions from industrial effluents. The manipulation of the biological facility for mineral interaction, biohydrometallurgy, may yield numerous potential new technologies. South Africa in particular would benefit from this area of research, since the country is a major ore and metal refining country and if the output and the efficiency of the mines could be improved, even by a small percentage, the financial rewards would be vast. In this study, the application of adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (AdCSV) of gold(III) in the presence of various Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall components, was investigated to determine which, if any, were involved specifically in the chemical binding of the gold ions. The chitin and mannan extracts showed the most promise with detection limits of 1.10 x 10⁻⁶ mol dm⁻³ and 9 x 10⁻⁹ mol dm⁻³, respectively; employing the AdCSV technique. A modification of the stripping voltammetry technique, Osteryoung square wave stripping voltammetry (OSWSV), provided the lowest detection limit, for gold(IIl) in the presence of mannan, of 1.70 x 10⁻¹¹ mol dm⁻³ ; utilising a modified carbon paste electrode. The detection of gold(III) has been shown to be dependent on the type of electrode employed, the electrolyte solution and the presence of interfering agents. The effect of copper(II) and silver(I) on the detection of the gold(III) in solution was investigated; whilst the silver(I) has shown no detrimental effects on gold (III) detection systems, copper(II) has indicated the possibility of forming an inter-metallic compound with the gold(III). However, mannan has shown to selectively and preferentially bind the gold(III) in the presence of a ten-fold excess of copper(II). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, as well as computer modelling techniques were employed to further investIgate the mannan-gold(III) interaction and proposed complex formed. The NMR, IR and computer modelling data are in agreement with the electrochemical data on proposing a mannan-gold(III) complex. The co-ordination site was established to be in the vicinity of the H-I and H-2 protons and the gold(III) adopts a square-planar geometry upon co-ordination. The benefits of the research are useful from a biological perspective (i. e. as more is known about the binding sites, microbiologists/biochemists may work on the optimisation of parameters for these sites or work could be furthered into the enhanced expression of the sites) and an industrial one. In addition to the' two major benefits, an improved understanding of gold and its chemistry would be achieved, which is advantageous for other fields of research as well.
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- Date Issued: 1999
Electrochemical studies of metal-ligand interactions and of metal binding proteins
- Authors: Limson, Janice Leigh
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Electrochemical analysis , Metals -- Analysis , Proteins -- Analysis , Electrochemistry -- Technique
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4551 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018239
- Description: Electrochemical methods were researched for the analysis of metals, proteins and the identification of metal binding proteins. Adsorptive cathodic stripping voltamrnetry for metal analysis combines the inherent sensitivity of electrochemical techniques with the specificity of ligands for the nonfaradaic preconcentration of analytes at the electrode. The utility of catechol, resorcinol, 4-methylcatechol and 4-t-butylcatechol as ligands was explored for the sensitive analysis of copper, bismuth, cadmium and lead on a mercury film glassy carbon electrode. Metal complexes of lead, copper and bismuth with resorcinol showed the largest increase in current with increase in metal concentration, whereas complexes of these metals with 4-t-butylcatechol showed the lowest current response. Cadmium showed the highest current responses with 4-methylcatechol. The four metals could be determined simultaneously in the presence of resorcinol, although considerable interference was observed between bismuth and copper. The electroanalysis of cysteine and cysteine containing proteins at carbon electrodes are impaired by slow electron transfer rates at carbon electrodes, exhibiting high overpotentials, greater than 1 V vs Ag! Agel. Metallophthalocyanines have been shown to promote the electrocatalysis of cysteine at lowered potentials. Chemical modification of electrodes with appropriate modifiers is a means of incorporating specificity into electroanalysis, with applications in electrocatalysis. A glassy carbon electrode was modified by electrodeposition of cobalt (II) tetrasulphophthalocyanine [Co(II)TSPct to produce a chemically modified glassy carbon electrode (CMGCE). The CoTSPc-CMGCE catalysed the oxidation of cysteine in the pH range 1 to 10. The significance of this electrode is an application for analysis of proteins at biological pH's. A biscyanoruthenium(II) phthalocyanine CMGCE catalysed the oxidation of cysteine at 0.43 V vs Ag/AgCl a significant lowering in the overpotential for the oxidation of cysteine. Metallothionein, a metal binding protein, is believed to be involved in metal homeostasis and detoxification in the peripheral organs of living systems. A method for the quantitative determination of this protein utilising its high cysteine content was presented. At pH 8.4 Tris-HCl buffer, and using a CoTSPc-CMGCE modified by electrodeposition of the modifier, the anodic peaks for the oxidation of metallothionein was observed at 0. 90 V vs Ag/ AgCI. Ferredoxin is a simple iron-sulphur protein. One tenth of its residues are cysteine. Ferredoxin is involved in simple electron transfer processes during photosynthesis and respiration. Electrochemical studies of spinach ferredoxin were conducted at a CoTSPc-CMGCE. Anodic currents for the oxidation of the cysteine fragment of ferredoxin was observed at 0.85 V vs Ag/AgCl in HEPES buffer at pH 7.4, representing a new method for analysis of this protein. Voltammetric studies of its ferric/ferrous transition have shown quasi-reversible waves atE~ -0.62 V vs Ag/AgCl only in the presence of promoters. At a CoTSPc-CMGCE, a cathodic wave attributed to the reduction of Fe(III)/Fe(II) was observed at Epc -0.34 V vs Ag/AgCl. This represents an alternative method for voltammetric studies of the ferric/ferrous transition at significantly lowered potentials. Melatonin, a pineal gland hormone functions m setting and entraining circadian rhythms and in neuroprotection as a free radical scavenger and general antioxidant. Using adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry, the binding affinities of melatonin, serotonin and tryptophan for metals, were measured. The results showed that the following metal complexes were formed: aluminium with melatonin, serotonin and tryptophan; cadmium with melatonin and tryptophan; copper with melatonin and serotonin; iron (III) with melatonin and serotonin; lead with melatonin, tryptophan and serotonin, zinc with melatonin and tryptophan and iron (II) with tryptophan. The studies suggest a further role for melatonin in the reduction of free radical generation and in metal detoxification and may explain the accumulation of aluminium in Alzheimer's disease.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1999
Employment Equity: An Introductory Workshop for Trade Unionists Organised by the COSATU Education Department
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/176014 , vital:42652
- Description: This workshop is designed to give you a reliable introduction the Employment Equity Act. It is based on hard information and on ACTIVITIES or discussion exercises that will help you to understand how the Act works, who it covers, and what the implications are for trade unionists. Each of the Activities is complemented with information that will help you to understand the Act in more detail. Sections have been added to help you find further information, and to understand the terms that are used in the Act itself In a two day programme, you are not going to be an 'expert' on the Employment Equity Act, but we hope that you will feel more confident about using the Act, especially in ensuring that it is used to address a wide range of discriminatory practices at the workplace. As with most legislation, the more that you begin to use it, the more its strengths and weaknesses will emerge. It is very important that any weaknesses in the practical application of the Act are reported through your Union to the Federation. This will help the Federation to campaign for improvements in the legislation, and to close any loopholes that allow employers to avoid their responsibilities. All Labour Legislation, including the new Employment Equity Act should serve as a 'base-line' or minimum standard. Employer and Union observance of the minimum standards as laid down in law should be our starting point. Through collective bargaining and improved Union organisation, we aim to improve upon the standards set by the law, and increase the protection of our members. This is a real challenge. It is especially important for us all to recognise that as we enter into a period where employers are demanding more 'flexibility', the introduction of a new law to correct the legacy of imbalances left by apartheid at the workplace deserves our special attention. We hope this workshop is the first in a series of educational events that will cover this vital new area. The main aim of this workshop is to help you to understand the basic workings of the law, and how best it can be implemented. We also hope this programme encourages you to find out more about Employment Equity issues, and contribute positively to the struggle for the eradication of inequality. This pack is designed for a series of two-day introductory workshops that are being sponsored by COSATU in each region. A workshop of COSATU Educators held in September 1999 helped to assemble the material, and to test its appropriateness. As a result there are a considerable number of educators who can advise, and facilitate this workshop and who can be contacted via COSATU Education Department. We would also be very interested to hear how the pack has been used, and in particular how it can be improved to meet the needs of trade unionists who want to tackle discrimination using the tool of the Employment Equity Act, as well as other organisational means. If you use this pack, feedback would be most welcome.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1999