Tools to enrich vulnerability assessment and adaptation planning for coastal communities in data-poor regions: application to a case study in Madagascar
- Cochrane, Kevern L, Rakotondrazafy, H, Shankar, Aswani, Chaigneau, Tomas, Downey-Breedt, N, Lemahieu, Anna, Paytan, Adina, Pecl, Gretta, Plagányi, Éva, Popova, E, Van Putten, Ingrid E, Sauer, Warwick, Byfield, V, Gasalla, Maria A, Van Gennip, Simmon, Malherbe, Willem, Rabary, Andriantsilavo, Rabearisoa, Ando, Ramaroson, N, Randrianarimanana, V, Scott, Lucy, Tsimanaoraty, P.M
- Authors: Cochrane, Kevern L , Rakotondrazafy, H , Shankar, Aswani , Chaigneau, Tomas , Downey-Breedt, N , Lemahieu, Anna , Paytan, Adina , Pecl, Gretta , Plagányi, Éva , Popova, E , Van Putten, Ingrid E , Sauer, Warwick , Byfield, V , Gasalla, Maria A , Van Gennip, Simmon , Malherbe, Willem , Rabary, Andriantsilavo , Rabearisoa, Ando , Ramaroson, N , Randrianarimanana, V , Scott, Lucy , Tsimanaoraty, P.M
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/421642 , vital:71868 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00505"
- Description: Here we describe an interdisciplinary and multi-country initiative to develop rapid, participatory methods to assess the vulnerability of coastal communities and facilitate adaptation to climate change in data-poor regions. The methods were applied in Madagascar as a case study. The initiative centered on an exploratory research exercise in two communities in the south-west of Madagascar, a workshop held in Antananarivo in June 2016, combined with a component on communicating ocean science and climate change to stakeholders. It utilized innovative and rapid approaches to combine global and local skills and information on adaptation and resilience building, taking cognizance of national policies, and was based on the principles of a holistic, integrated and participatory approach. This paper summarizes the activities undertaken and assesses how effective they were in achieving the project goals, as well as presenting examples of the outputs obtained. The activities demonstrated the value of using existing high resolution global climate models for provision of information on future trends, and of including a traits-based ecological risk assessment as a standard component of vulnerability assessments. User-friendly qualitative modeling activities helped to consolidate holistic, integrated understanding of selected fisheries. The value of assessing the importance and resilience of supply chains and taking the local management measures and institutions into account were validated. The outcomes of the initiative reinforced the principle that the cumulative ecological and social impacts of individual stressors and drivers on marine-dependent communities must be addressed, including climate-change related stressors. Assessments of vulnerability and adaptation planning should be forward-looking and consider likely changes in the future. They must also be done with participation by local experts and stakeholders to ensure knowledge exchange, local capacity-building and ownership and that outputs are rooted in the local realities, are accepted as being legitimate, and reinforce and complement relevant legal frameworks and laws.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Cochrane, Kevern L , Rakotondrazafy, H , Shankar, Aswani , Chaigneau, Tomas , Downey-Breedt, N , Lemahieu, Anna , Paytan, Adina , Pecl, Gretta , Plagányi, Éva , Popova, E , Van Putten, Ingrid E , Sauer, Warwick , Byfield, V , Gasalla, Maria A , Van Gennip, Simmon , Malherbe, Willem , Rabary, Andriantsilavo , Rabearisoa, Ando , Ramaroson, N , Randrianarimanana, V , Scott, Lucy , Tsimanaoraty, P.M
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/421642 , vital:71868 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00505"
- Description: Here we describe an interdisciplinary and multi-country initiative to develop rapid, participatory methods to assess the vulnerability of coastal communities and facilitate adaptation to climate change in data-poor regions. The methods were applied in Madagascar as a case study. The initiative centered on an exploratory research exercise in two communities in the south-west of Madagascar, a workshop held in Antananarivo in June 2016, combined with a component on communicating ocean science and climate change to stakeholders. It utilized innovative and rapid approaches to combine global and local skills and information on adaptation and resilience building, taking cognizance of national policies, and was based on the principles of a holistic, integrated and participatory approach. This paper summarizes the activities undertaken and assesses how effective they were in achieving the project goals, as well as presenting examples of the outputs obtained. The activities demonstrated the value of using existing high resolution global climate models for provision of information on future trends, and of including a traits-based ecological risk assessment as a standard component of vulnerability assessments. User-friendly qualitative modeling activities helped to consolidate holistic, integrated understanding of selected fisheries. The value of assessing the importance and resilience of supply chains and taking the local management measures and institutions into account were validated. The outcomes of the initiative reinforced the principle that the cumulative ecological and social impacts of individual stressors and drivers on marine-dependent communities must be addressed, including climate-change related stressors. Assessments of vulnerability and adaptation planning should be forward-looking and consider likely changes in the future. They must also be done with participation by local experts and stakeholders to ensure knowledge exchange, local capacity-building and ownership and that outputs are rooted in the local realities, are accepted as being legitimate, and reinforce and complement relevant legal frameworks and laws.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Local perceptions of environmental changes in fishing communities of southwest Madagascar
- Lemahieu, Anne, Scott, Lucy, Malherbe, W, Mahatante, Paubert Tsimanaoraty, Randrianarimanana, José Victor, Shankar, Aswani
- Authors: Lemahieu, Anne , Scott, Lucy , Malherbe, W , Mahatante, Paubert Tsimanaoraty , Randrianarimanana, José Victor , Shankar, Aswani
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/421221 , vital:71830 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2018.06.012"
- Description: Southwest Madagascar is a region that is significantly impacted upon by climate change. As in a lot of developing countries, the livelihoods of many communities in this region are dependent on fishing. This makes these communities particularly vulnerable to climate-related changes. We conducted a survey in two coastal fishing communities in the Toliara Province, Ambola and Ambotsibotsike. Using a free listing exercise, semi-structured interviews and focus group methods, we documented local perceptions of environmental changes and responses to changes. Results were compared, taking into account the differences in the degree of remoteness, market exposure and religiosity. Time periods that respondents reported as having had a high degree of change were compared to time periods of historical records of cyclones occurring in Toliara Province. Mostly, changes in the environment were said to have started 21–40 years ago. An overlap was observed between time periods when respondents observed changes in their environment and time periods of high magnitude cyclones. Answers relating to the local environment show that both villages identify with a sea culture, but the local ecological knowledge is arguably more accurate in the remote village of Ambola. In Ambotsibotsike God's intervention was predominantly identified as the source/cause of changes in the natural environment. Ambola also displayed a higher proportion of household members who participate in fishing from pirogues (at least one person per household). In both villages, the most reported change was a reduction of sea resources (64,2% of the answers in Ambola and 69.5% in Ambotsibotsike). Villagers' adaptation responses reflected the presence of NGOs in both villages. This influence was particularly strong in Ambola, where the establishment of reserves was found to be a predominant strategy to cope with change (54.8% of the answers). Our study provides additional insights that can be used in relation to the discussion of the role of the market, of religion, and the influence of NGOs on local knowledge. It seeks to contribute to the need to implement sustainable conservation strategies and successful community-based management plans.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Lemahieu, Anne , Scott, Lucy , Malherbe, W , Mahatante, Paubert Tsimanaoraty , Randrianarimanana, José Victor , Shankar, Aswani
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/421221 , vital:71830 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2018.06.012"
- Description: Southwest Madagascar is a region that is significantly impacted upon by climate change. As in a lot of developing countries, the livelihoods of many communities in this region are dependent on fishing. This makes these communities particularly vulnerable to climate-related changes. We conducted a survey in two coastal fishing communities in the Toliara Province, Ambola and Ambotsibotsike. Using a free listing exercise, semi-structured interviews and focus group methods, we documented local perceptions of environmental changes and responses to changes. Results were compared, taking into account the differences in the degree of remoteness, market exposure and religiosity. Time periods that respondents reported as having had a high degree of change were compared to time periods of historical records of cyclones occurring in Toliara Province. Mostly, changes in the environment were said to have started 21–40 years ago. An overlap was observed between time periods when respondents observed changes in their environment and time periods of high magnitude cyclones. Answers relating to the local environment show that both villages identify with a sea culture, but the local ecological knowledge is arguably more accurate in the remote village of Ambola. In Ambotsibotsike God's intervention was predominantly identified as the source/cause of changes in the natural environment. Ambola also displayed a higher proportion of household members who participate in fishing from pirogues (at least one person per household). In both villages, the most reported change was a reduction of sea resources (64,2% of the answers in Ambola and 69.5% in Ambotsibotsike). Villagers' adaptation responses reflected the presence of NGOs in both villages. This influence was particularly strong in Ambola, where the establishment of reserves was found to be a predominant strategy to cope with change (54.8% of the answers). Our study provides additional insights that can be used in relation to the discussion of the role of the market, of religion, and the influence of NGOs on local knowledge. It seeks to contribute to the need to implement sustainable conservation strategies and successful community-based management plans.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
The small pelagic fishery of the Pemba Channel, Tanzania: What we know and what we need to know for management under climate change
- Sekadende, Baraka, Scott, Lucy, Anderson, Jim, Shankar, Aswani, Francis, Julius, Jacobs, Zoe, Jebri, Fatma, Jiddawi, Narriman, Kamukuru, Albogast T, Kelly, Stephen, Kizenga, Hellen, Kuguru, Baraka, Kyewalyanga, Margareth, Noyon, Margaux, Nyandwi, Ntahondi, Painter, Stuart C, Palmer, Matthew, Raitsos, Dionysios E, Roberts, Michael, Sailley, Sévrine F, Samoilys, Melita, Sauer, Warwick, Shayo, Salome, Shaghude, Yohan, Taylor, Sarah F, Wihsgott, Juliane, Popova, Ekaterina
- Authors: Sekadende, Baraka , Scott, Lucy , Anderson, Jim , Shankar, Aswani , Francis, Julius , Jacobs, Zoe , Jebri, Fatma , Jiddawi, Narriman , Kamukuru, Albogast T , Kelly, Stephen , Kizenga, Hellen , Kuguru, Baraka , Kyewalyanga, Margareth , Noyon, Margaux , Nyandwi, Ntahondi , Painter, Stuart C , Palmer, Matthew , Raitsos, Dionysios E , Roberts, Michael , Sailley, Sévrine F , Samoilys, Melita , Sauer, Warwick , Shayo, Salome , Shaghude, Yohan , Taylor, Sarah F , Wihsgott, Juliane , Popova, Ekaterina
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/406570 , vital:70286 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105322"
- Description: Small pelagic fish, including anchovies, sardines and sardinellas, mackerels, capelin, hilsa, sprats and herrings, are distributed widely, from the tropics to the far north Atlantic Ocean and to the southern oceans off Chile and South Africa. They are most abundant in the highly productive major eastern boundary upwelling systems and are characterised by significant natural variations in biomass. Overall, small pelagic fisheries represent about one third of global fish landings although a large proportion of the catch is processed into animal feeds. Nonetheless, in some developing countries in addition to their economic value, small pelagic fisheries also make an important contribution to human diets and the food security of many low-income households. Such is the case for many communities in the Zanzibar Archipelago and on mainland Tanzania in the Western Indian Ocean. Of great concern in this region, as elsewhere, is the potential impact of climate change on marine and coastal ecosystems in general, and on small pelagic fisheries in particular. This paper describes data and information available on Tanzania's small pelagic fisheries, including catch and effort, management protocols and socio-economic significance. Then, incorporating the rapidly improving understanding of the region's oceanography resulting from the application of remote sensing and oceanographic modelling, the paper undertakes the most complete assessment to date of the potential impacts of climate change on the small pelagic fishery of the Pemba Channel. Pathways of climate change impact are explored and crucial knowledge gaps, both in terms of the fishery itself and the wider ecosystem, are identified in order to guide future research activities. Although we analyse small pelagics in the specific context of the Pemba Channel, the key challenges identified in the analysis are likely to be relevant to many small pelagic fisheries in coastal nations heavily dependent on living marine resources.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Sekadende, Baraka , Scott, Lucy , Anderson, Jim , Shankar, Aswani , Francis, Julius , Jacobs, Zoe , Jebri, Fatma , Jiddawi, Narriman , Kamukuru, Albogast T , Kelly, Stephen , Kizenga, Hellen , Kuguru, Baraka , Kyewalyanga, Margareth , Noyon, Margaux , Nyandwi, Ntahondi , Painter, Stuart C , Palmer, Matthew , Raitsos, Dionysios E , Roberts, Michael , Sailley, Sévrine F , Samoilys, Melita , Sauer, Warwick , Shayo, Salome , Shaghude, Yohan , Taylor, Sarah F , Wihsgott, Juliane , Popova, Ekaterina
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/406570 , vital:70286 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105322"
- Description: Small pelagic fish, including anchovies, sardines and sardinellas, mackerels, capelin, hilsa, sprats and herrings, are distributed widely, from the tropics to the far north Atlantic Ocean and to the southern oceans off Chile and South Africa. They are most abundant in the highly productive major eastern boundary upwelling systems and are characterised by significant natural variations in biomass. Overall, small pelagic fisheries represent about one third of global fish landings although a large proportion of the catch is processed into animal feeds. Nonetheless, in some developing countries in addition to their economic value, small pelagic fisheries also make an important contribution to human diets and the food security of many low-income households. Such is the case for many communities in the Zanzibar Archipelago and on mainland Tanzania in the Western Indian Ocean. Of great concern in this region, as elsewhere, is the potential impact of climate change on marine and coastal ecosystems in general, and on small pelagic fisheries in particular. This paper describes data and information available on Tanzania's small pelagic fisheries, including catch and effort, management protocols and socio-economic significance. Then, incorporating the rapidly improving understanding of the region's oceanography resulting from the application of remote sensing and oceanographic modelling, the paper undertakes the most complete assessment to date of the potential impacts of climate change on the small pelagic fishery of the Pemba Channel. Pathways of climate change impact are explored and crucial knowledge gaps, both in terms of the fishery itself and the wider ecosystem, are identified in order to guide future research activities. Although we analyse small pelagics in the specific context of the Pemba Channel, the key challenges identified in the analysis are likely to be relevant to many small pelagic fisheries in coastal nations heavily dependent on living marine resources.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
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