The modification of a computer simulation for use in the professional training of South African secondary school teachers with specific reference to the probationary year
- Authors: Marsh, Cecille Joan Anna
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Computer simulations , High school teachers , Teacher training
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1376 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001442
- Description: The topic of this thesis arose out of a desire to meet the need for a practical means of supplementing the preparation of Higher Diploma of Education (H.D.E.) students for their future role as first-year teachers. It was established that this need was not adequately filled by conventional university teacher-training methods. The literature about computerised simulation of role-playing and teaching activities was investigated and the investigation indicated that such simulations had been relatively successful. A published American computer simulation, TENURE, in which the student plays the role of a first-year teacher, was selected for modification to meet the needs of South African students. This program is implemented in the TUTOR computer language and runs on the Control Data South Africa PLATO system. In order to determine the needs of South African students, two groups of Rhodes University students worked through the simulation as it was being modified. The modifications were adapted according to the students' responses to a questionnaire. The simulation has been tested by 72 H.D.E. students and several educationists and the response has been positive
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Marsh, Cecille Joan Anna
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Computer simulations , High school teachers , Teacher training
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1376 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001442
- Description: The topic of this thesis arose out of a desire to meet the need for a practical means of supplementing the preparation of Higher Diploma of Education (H.D.E.) students for their future role as first-year teachers. It was established that this need was not adequately filled by conventional university teacher-training methods. The literature about computerised simulation of role-playing and teaching activities was investigated and the investigation indicated that such simulations had been relatively successful. A published American computer simulation, TENURE, in which the student plays the role of a first-year teacher, was selected for modification to meet the needs of South African students. This program is implemented in the TUTOR computer language and runs on the Control Data South Africa PLATO system. In order to determine the needs of South African students, two groups of Rhodes University students worked through the simulation as it was being modified. The modifications were adapted according to the students' responses to a questionnaire. The simulation has been tested by 72 H.D.E. students and several educationists and the response has been positive
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
Examining of the novel in the senior secondary phase (English first language higher grade): a study of conflicting aims
- Authors: Macrae, Claire Elisabeth
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Education, Secondary English Secondary -- Study and teaching -- South Africa Education Secondary -- Evaluation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1357 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001423
- Description: This study deals with the problems of external examining, the inflexible demands of which dominate and dictate to literature teaching in South African schools today. The aims of teaching literature are discussed, and it is suggested that the negative attitudes among pupils resulting from the present examining system defeat many of these aims. The opportunities for the enjoyment of literature are minimised by the process of preparation for external examinations. Creative teaching methods are abandoned in favour of coaching for specific types of questions, which are determined and limited by the practical constraints of a mass external examination. In catering to the demands for admininstrative reliability and efficiency, the educational validity and efficiency of the examinations are sacrificed. In Britain the Newbolt and Bullock Reports, among others, have made forceful recommendations for alternative approaches to external examining. Subsequently, much experimentation with internal examining, course-work and open-book examining has followed, aspects of which are discussed in this study. There has been limited experimentation in these areas in South Africa. The TED conducted a successful internal examining experiment in English literature, the results of which are considered in this thesis. The national English Olympiad open-book examination is a further example of the success of an alternative approach. By contrast, a comparison of examination papers set by the JMB and CED over the last ten years, shows clearly that the stated syllabus aims of teaching literature and the aims of examining the subject were wholly incompatible. Recommendations are made for the adoption of alternative examining strategies in order to address the shortcomings identified
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Macrae, Claire Elisabeth
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Education, Secondary English Secondary -- Study and teaching -- South Africa Education Secondary -- Evaluation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1357 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001423
- Description: This study deals with the problems of external examining, the inflexible demands of which dominate and dictate to literature teaching in South African schools today. The aims of teaching literature are discussed, and it is suggested that the negative attitudes among pupils resulting from the present examining system defeat many of these aims. The opportunities for the enjoyment of literature are minimised by the process of preparation for external examinations. Creative teaching methods are abandoned in favour of coaching for specific types of questions, which are determined and limited by the practical constraints of a mass external examination. In catering to the demands for admininstrative reliability and efficiency, the educational validity and efficiency of the examinations are sacrificed. In Britain the Newbolt and Bullock Reports, among others, have made forceful recommendations for alternative approaches to external examining. Subsequently, much experimentation with internal examining, course-work and open-book examining has followed, aspects of which are discussed in this study. There has been limited experimentation in these areas in South Africa. The TED conducted a successful internal examining experiment in English literature, the results of which are considered in this thesis. The national English Olympiad open-book examination is a further example of the success of an alternative approach. By contrast, a comparison of examination papers set by the JMB and CED over the last ten years, shows clearly that the stated syllabus aims of teaching literature and the aims of examining the subject were wholly incompatible. Recommendations are made for the adoption of alternative examining strategies in order to address the shortcomings identified
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
Obedient daughter, silenced witch: the hysteric in Freudian psychoanalysis
- Authors: Roux, Catharina
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Freud, Sigmund, 1856-1939 -- Criticism and interpretation , Hysteria , Psychoanalysis , Seduction
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3117 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004637 , Freud, Sigmund, 1856-1939 -- Criticism and interpretation , Hysteria , Psychoanalysis , Seduction
- Description: This study explores the theoretical consequences of Freud's renunciation of the seduction theory. The dissertation defends the thesis that the seduction theory was shaped as much by Freud's adherence to the nomonological model as by the empirical evidence of child sexual abuse. A renunciation of the seduction theory was inevitable, not because the accounts of the daughters were lies, but because the methodology was inappropriate. The nomonological model obscured the emotional structure of the nuclear family in which the structure itself, through which sexuality emerged, directed the girl's entrance into womanhood and caused the woman's dis-ease. Freud's methodology forced him to isolate an event as cause of an illness and to attribute the event to an agent. The universal perversity of the Victorian father thus became the central theme around which an explanation of a female disease was built. When this theme became theoretically untenable, Freud renounced the seduction theory and, still using the nomonological model, built up the construct of the Oedipus complex in which the father was vindicated. In order to exonerate the father, the transactions through which the child's libido developed were represented as originating in inherent tendencies. As a result, the hierarchical nature of the interaction between parent and child was distorted, and this led to the formulation of the distinction between real events and fantasies as a basic premise on which the difference between the pleasure principle and the reality principle rests. This formulation gave rise to the sharp duality between fantasy and reality which eventually compelled him to separate psychic reality and social reality. The theoretical structure built on this duality could not but fuse hysteria, masochism and "normal" femininity into an explanation of the female state, and obscure the essential social relations between men and women which were structured in terms of dominance and submission. The thesis traces the journey from the perverted father as cause of a female disease, hysteria, to the theoretical conjunction of masochism and hysteria. It comes to the conclusion that Freud's model is unable to explain the self-mutilation of the hysteric; nor is it capable of explaining the hysteric's refusal to participate in the circuit of symbolic exchanges which constituted Victorian society. The study further attempts to understand hysteria in terms of the complex interlacing of fact and fantasy and tries to show that fantasy was rooted in the facts of Victorian culture.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Roux, Catharina
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Freud, Sigmund, 1856-1939 -- Criticism and interpretation , Hysteria , Psychoanalysis , Seduction
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3117 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004637 , Freud, Sigmund, 1856-1939 -- Criticism and interpretation , Hysteria , Psychoanalysis , Seduction
- Description: This study explores the theoretical consequences of Freud's renunciation of the seduction theory. The dissertation defends the thesis that the seduction theory was shaped as much by Freud's adherence to the nomonological model as by the empirical evidence of child sexual abuse. A renunciation of the seduction theory was inevitable, not because the accounts of the daughters were lies, but because the methodology was inappropriate. The nomonological model obscured the emotional structure of the nuclear family in which the structure itself, through which sexuality emerged, directed the girl's entrance into womanhood and caused the woman's dis-ease. Freud's methodology forced him to isolate an event as cause of an illness and to attribute the event to an agent. The universal perversity of the Victorian father thus became the central theme around which an explanation of a female disease was built. When this theme became theoretically untenable, Freud renounced the seduction theory and, still using the nomonological model, built up the construct of the Oedipus complex in which the father was vindicated. In order to exonerate the father, the transactions through which the child's libido developed were represented as originating in inherent tendencies. As a result, the hierarchical nature of the interaction between parent and child was distorted, and this led to the formulation of the distinction between real events and fantasies as a basic premise on which the difference between the pleasure principle and the reality principle rests. This formulation gave rise to the sharp duality between fantasy and reality which eventually compelled him to separate psychic reality and social reality. The theoretical structure built on this duality could not but fuse hysteria, masochism and "normal" femininity into an explanation of the female state, and obscure the essential social relations between men and women which were structured in terms of dominance and submission. The thesis traces the journey from the perverted father as cause of a female disease, hysteria, to the theoretical conjunction of masochism and hysteria. It comes to the conclusion that Freud's model is unable to explain the self-mutilation of the hysteric; nor is it capable of explaining the hysteric's refusal to participate in the circuit of symbolic exchanges which constituted Victorian society. The study further attempts to understand hysteria in terms of the complex interlacing of fact and fantasy and tries to show that fantasy was rooted in the facts of Victorian culture.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
An investigation into the properties of cotton fibres as used in nonwoven fabrics
- Authors: Lutseke, Nothando Sazikazi
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Cotton -- Analysis , Fibers -- Analysis , Nonwoven fabrics -- Analysis , Textile chemistry
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4552 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018241
- Description: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the properties that characterise cotton fibres in the various stages in the CPNF process as well as to determine which fibre characteristics a r e required to entangle the fibres to produce a successful CPNF . The criteria adopted in this work for a successful CPNF include: 1. the tensile strength of the fabrics 2. a well-defined pattern 3. absorbency and wicking The properties selected for investigation were 1. the cotton fibre surface (using SEM and DSC analyses) 2. the degree of degradation of the cotton fibre as a result of the CPNF process (using cellulose fluidity measurements) 3. the non-cellulosic content of the fibre (using IR, DSC, and Chemical analyses) 4. fibre friction 5. absorbency and wicking 6. tensile properties Analysis of the results indicates clearly what the fundamental properties of the cotton fibre must be for a successful cotton CPNF to be manufactured. The conclusions also indicate the necessary properties a man-made fibre must have to produce a successful CPNF.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Lutseke, Nothando Sazikazi
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Cotton -- Analysis , Fibers -- Analysis , Nonwoven fabrics -- Analysis , Textile chemistry
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4552 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018241
- Description: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the properties that characterise cotton fibres in the various stages in the CPNF process as well as to determine which fibre characteristics a r e required to entangle the fibres to produce a successful CPNF . The criteria adopted in this work for a successful CPNF include: 1. the tensile strength of the fabrics 2. a well-defined pattern 3. absorbency and wicking The properties selected for investigation were 1. the cotton fibre surface (using SEM and DSC analyses) 2. the degree of degradation of the cotton fibre as a result of the CPNF process (using cellulose fluidity measurements) 3. the non-cellulosic content of the fibre (using IR, DSC, and Chemical analyses) 4. fibre friction 5. absorbency and wicking 6. tensile properties Analysis of the results indicates clearly what the fundamental properties of the cotton fibre must be for a successful cotton CPNF to be manufactured. The conclusions also indicate the necessary properties a man-made fibre must have to produce a successful CPNF.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
Family planning : an evaluative study on the attitudes and use of contraceptives by black males in Umtata
- Authors: Madikizela, Nosinodi Alicia
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Birth control -- South Africa -- Transkei , Transkei (South Africa) -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:3278 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006454 , Birth control -- South Africa -- Transkei , Transkei (South Africa) -- Social conditions
- Description: The purpose of this study is to identify, observe and record the attitudes and use to of contraceptives by black males in Umtata and to investigate the effect of education, urbanisation and age on fertility control. Data was gathered from a sample of adult males who were past the school going age and were employed or working in Umtata and its surburbs, which are Ngangelizwe, Ikwezi, Southernwood, Northcrest, Norwood, Ncambedlana, Nduli Crescent, Fortgale and Hill Crest. Information was also gathered from Nursing officers in charge of family planning service centres in the areas mentioned above. Findings reveal that, although black urbanised educated males in Umtata seem to have accepted the use of contraceptives by themselves and their sexual partners, their patterns of behaviour in relation to fertility control and the value of children to families remains traditional. This contributes to the relatively high fertility rate in the country. Children are an investment for old age. They are also regarded as a security factor against divorce. It is the duty of legally married couples to raise a family with children who will continue to bear the family name. It appears that men are either suspicious of modern contraception if not totally opposed to it. Many still prefer the use of natural methods of contraception. There is thus need for social workers and health planners to recognise and educate males on the use and benefits of modern contraceptives to limit the number of children borne and control periods when they would like to have children. This study will be of value to social welfare services and to family planning nurses who are in direct contact with clients in hospitals and clinics, in their family planning campaigns, when they motivate couples and individuals on the importance of family planning, and also in mother-and-child health services. Educationists, sociologists, psychologists and persons in other fields of study will also benefit from information attained in this survey.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Madikizela, Nosinodi Alicia
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Birth control -- South Africa -- Transkei , Transkei (South Africa) -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:3278 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006454 , Birth control -- South Africa -- Transkei , Transkei (South Africa) -- Social conditions
- Description: The purpose of this study is to identify, observe and record the attitudes and use to of contraceptives by black males in Umtata and to investigate the effect of education, urbanisation and age on fertility control. Data was gathered from a sample of adult males who were past the school going age and were employed or working in Umtata and its surburbs, which are Ngangelizwe, Ikwezi, Southernwood, Northcrest, Norwood, Ncambedlana, Nduli Crescent, Fortgale and Hill Crest. Information was also gathered from Nursing officers in charge of family planning service centres in the areas mentioned above. Findings reveal that, although black urbanised educated males in Umtata seem to have accepted the use of contraceptives by themselves and their sexual partners, their patterns of behaviour in relation to fertility control and the value of children to families remains traditional. This contributes to the relatively high fertility rate in the country. Children are an investment for old age. They are also regarded as a security factor against divorce. It is the duty of legally married couples to raise a family with children who will continue to bear the family name. It appears that men are either suspicious of modern contraception if not totally opposed to it. Many still prefer the use of natural methods of contraception. There is thus need for social workers and health planners to recognise and educate males on the use and benefits of modern contraceptives to limit the number of children borne and control periods when they would like to have children. This study will be of value to social welfare services and to family planning nurses who are in direct contact with clients in hospitals and clinics, in their family planning campaigns, when they motivate couples and individuals on the importance of family planning, and also in mother-and-child health services. Educationists, sociologists, psychologists and persons in other fields of study will also benefit from information attained in this survey.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
A phenomenological investigation into the psychotherapist's experience of identifying, containing and processing the patient's projective identifications
- Authors: Thorpe, Mark Richard
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Psychotherapist and patient Psychotherapy Methods
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3071 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002580
- Description: The aim of the study was to describe the therapist's lived experience of identifying, containing and processing the feelings, thoughts or fantasies evoked in him by the patient's projective identifications. A question which would elicit the experience of this phenomenon was formulated by examining case histories, and modified through the use of individual pilot studies. Fifteen experienced, psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapists were interviewed. The eight psychologically richest accounts were chosen for the study. Using the empirical phenomenological method, the four protocols that most clearly reflected the phenomenon were analysed in detail, while the remaining four were used to clarify areas of uncertainty. Projective identification is conceptualised as the process whereby the patient coerces the therapist to embody an un-appropriated aspect of his (patient's) world. The context of processing a patient's projective identification was discovered to be such that the therapist finds himself coerced to embody an incongruent, unfamiliar, confusing and inauthentic state of being which is consonant with the patient's perception of him. The discomfort of the experience leads the therapist to bring to awareness and thematise his feeling-state. He alternates between avoiding this state of being, which results in conf1ict with the patient and the therapist's own values, and appropriating it, which feels inauthentic. The therapist moves from a position of trying to understand the experience in relation to his own world, to the realisation that it is co-determined by the patient. From a position of reflective distance he re-appropriates aspects of his world that were closed to him while under the influence of the patient, in addition to appropriating previously unowned aspects. The therapist dialogues these appropriations with the invoked feelings, allowing him to differentiate those aspects of his feeling-state which are authentically his from those which are unowned aspects of the patient's aspects of his world that were closed to him while under the influence of the patient, in addition to appropriating previously unowned aspects. The therapist dialogues these appropriations with the invoked feelings, allowing him to differentiate those aspects of his feeling-state which are authentically his from those which are unowned aspects of the patient's world that he has been forced to embody. Through this process the therapist clarifies and gives meaning to his feelings. The therapist fee1s re1ieved and lighter, when in the service of the therapy, he temporarily gives himself over to the patient's experience of him, without feeling drawn to either disowning or appropriating it, while simultaneously remaining open to his own authentic reality. These findings were dialogued with the literature on projective identification.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Thorpe, Mark Richard
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Psychotherapist and patient Psychotherapy Methods
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3071 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002580
- Description: The aim of the study was to describe the therapist's lived experience of identifying, containing and processing the feelings, thoughts or fantasies evoked in him by the patient's projective identifications. A question which would elicit the experience of this phenomenon was formulated by examining case histories, and modified through the use of individual pilot studies. Fifteen experienced, psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapists were interviewed. The eight psychologically richest accounts were chosen for the study. Using the empirical phenomenological method, the four protocols that most clearly reflected the phenomenon were analysed in detail, while the remaining four were used to clarify areas of uncertainty. Projective identification is conceptualised as the process whereby the patient coerces the therapist to embody an un-appropriated aspect of his (patient's) world. The context of processing a patient's projective identification was discovered to be such that the therapist finds himself coerced to embody an incongruent, unfamiliar, confusing and inauthentic state of being which is consonant with the patient's perception of him. The discomfort of the experience leads the therapist to bring to awareness and thematise his feeling-state. He alternates between avoiding this state of being, which results in conf1ict with the patient and the therapist's own values, and appropriating it, which feels inauthentic. The therapist moves from a position of trying to understand the experience in relation to his own world, to the realisation that it is co-determined by the patient. From a position of reflective distance he re-appropriates aspects of his world that were closed to him while under the influence of the patient, in addition to appropriating previously unowned aspects. The therapist dialogues these appropriations with the invoked feelings, allowing him to differentiate those aspects of his feeling-state which are authentically his from those which are unowned aspects of the patient's aspects of his world that were closed to him while under the influence of the patient, in addition to appropriating previously unowned aspects. The therapist dialogues these appropriations with the invoked feelings, allowing him to differentiate those aspects of his feeling-state which are authentically his from those which are unowned aspects of the patient's world that he has been forced to embody. Through this process the therapist clarifies and gives meaning to his feelings. The therapist fee1s re1ieved and lighter, when in the service of the therapy, he temporarily gives himself over to the patient's experience of him, without feeling drawn to either disowning or appropriating it, while simultaneously remaining open to his own authentic reality. These findings were dialogued with the literature on projective identification.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
A theological consideration of the office, sacrifice, ministry and perfection of Christ as high priest in the Epistle to the Hebrews, and their significance for the believer and the community of faith
- Authors: Furness, Darryl Hilary
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Jesus Christ -- Person and offices , Bible -- Hebrews -- Criticism, interpretation, etc. , Sacrifice -- Christianity
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTh
- Identifier: vital:1219 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001549
- Description: In these last days God has spoken his last and most complete word to man in a Son, Jesus Christ. In his person and ministry Christ is the agent of creation and heir of the spiritual and material estate of God. He is the locus of the fulfilment of the revelatory plan of God, and, as such, is superior to the angels, the ministers of salvation within the created order, and Moses, the faithful minister of God's people Israel. Christ not only fulfils the necessary qualification for priesthood under the old covenant, that of divine appointment, but is appointed by God a high priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek. This establishes and authenticates the high priestly office of Christ. Jesus Christ, Iike the high priests of the old covenant, must offer gifts and sacrifices to God. The sacrifice of Christ fulfils the sacrificial code of Leviticus 1-7, his sacrifice being a gift to God, communion with God, and an expiatory sacrifice. But more than this the sacrifice of Christ fulfils the Day of Atonement ritual of Leviticus 16 as well as the covenant sacrifice of Exodus 24. The sacrifice of Christ is essentially once for all, being that unique action which alone can ultimately deal with sin. The uniqueness of Christ's sacrifice depends on the uniqueness of the person of Christ and his superior high priestly office. In his sacrificial action Christ is also the sin-bearer. The high priestly sacrifice of Christ determines the form of the high priestly ministry of Christ, which is also gift to God, communion with God, has expiatory significance, and is a ministry of the new covenant . The high priestly ministry of Christ is a ministry which is continuous through time and is both contemporaneous with and subsequent to his sacrifice. In this continuity through time the ministry of Christ is the foundation of both the faith of believers and their perfection as sons. In the execution of his high priestly ministry Christ is perfected by God through the learning of obedience. The humiliation of Christ and his learning of obedience becomes the foundation of the perfecting of believers. It is as the One who is perfected through suffering that Christ becomes the pioneer of salvation and the pioneer and perfecter of the faith of the people of God. Through faith in Christ the people of God constitute a pilgrim people who, on the basis of Christ's perfection, are themselves perfected and brought to glory. The pilgrim people of God share in the priesthood of Christ and constitute a priesthood of all believers. In their pilgrimage of faith they are to demonstrate their confidence, endurance, obedience, and discipline, and in their running of the race of pilgrimage are to exercise their own ministry as they progress to glory and the sabbath rest of God. The high priesthood of Christ has implications for the common life of the people of God and is at the foundation of our understanding of the Christian life.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Furness, Darryl Hilary
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Jesus Christ -- Person and offices , Bible -- Hebrews -- Criticism, interpretation, etc. , Sacrifice -- Christianity
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTh
- Identifier: vital:1219 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001549
- Description: In these last days God has spoken his last and most complete word to man in a Son, Jesus Christ. In his person and ministry Christ is the agent of creation and heir of the spiritual and material estate of God. He is the locus of the fulfilment of the revelatory plan of God, and, as such, is superior to the angels, the ministers of salvation within the created order, and Moses, the faithful minister of God's people Israel. Christ not only fulfils the necessary qualification for priesthood under the old covenant, that of divine appointment, but is appointed by God a high priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek. This establishes and authenticates the high priestly office of Christ. Jesus Christ, Iike the high priests of the old covenant, must offer gifts and sacrifices to God. The sacrifice of Christ fulfils the sacrificial code of Leviticus 1-7, his sacrifice being a gift to God, communion with God, and an expiatory sacrifice. But more than this the sacrifice of Christ fulfils the Day of Atonement ritual of Leviticus 16 as well as the covenant sacrifice of Exodus 24. The sacrifice of Christ is essentially once for all, being that unique action which alone can ultimately deal with sin. The uniqueness of Christ's sacrifice depends on the uniqueness of the person of Christ and his superior high priestly office. In his sacrificial action Christ is also the sin-bearer. The high priestly sacrifice of Christ determines the form of the high priestly ministry of Christ, which is also gift to God, communion with God, has expiatory significance, and is a ministry of the new covenant . The high priestly ministry of Christ is a ministry which is continuous through time and is both contemporaneous with and subsequent to his sacrifice. In this continuity through time the ministry of Christ is the foundation of both the faith of believers and their perfection as sons. In the execution of his high priestly ministry Christ is perfected by God through the learning of obedience. The humiliation of Christ and his learning of obedience becomes the foundation of the perfecting of believers. It is as the One who is perfected through suffering that Christ becomes the pioneer of salvation and the pioneer and perfecter of the faith of the people of God. Through faith in Christ the people of God constitute a pilgrim people who, on the basis of Christ's perfection, are themselves perfected and brought to glory. The pilgrim people of God share in the priesthood of Christ and constitute a priesthood of all believers. In their pilgrimage of faith they are to demonstrate their confidence, endurance, obedience, and discipline, and in their running of the race of pilgrimage are to exercise their own ministry as they progress to glory and the sabbath rest of God. The high priesthood of Christ has implications for the common life of the people of God and is at the foundation of our understanding of the Christian life.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
Investigation of the causative agents of the 1982 Gazankulu poliomyelitis outbreak, using four biochemical techniques
- Authors: Gibson, Katherine Margaret
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Poliomyelitis -- Analysis , Poliomyelitis -- History -- South Africa , Poliomyelitis vaccine -- Analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3878 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001612
- Description: Comparison of poliovirus strains was carried out to determine the origin of the virus in two isolates obtained during the 1982 outbreak of poliomyelitis in Gazankulu. Comparisons of the outbreak isolates with vaccine and wild-type strains of the same poliovirus type were carried out using four biochemical techniques. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and reversed-phase high-performance liquid-chromatography (RP-HPLC) were used for comparing viral capsid proteins. Comparison of poliovirus strains at a genetic level was carried out using two-dimensional oligonucleotide mapping of viral RNA. Results showed the type 1 poliovirus isolate, 5061, to be a novel wild-type poliovirus. The type 2 isolate, 5068, was closely related to the poliovirus type 2 Sabin vaccine strain, P712. It was concluded that the intrinsic variability of poliovirus strains was responsible for the appearance of isolate 5068
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Gibson, Katherine Margaret
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Poliomyelitis -- Analysis , Poliomyelitis -- History -- South Africa , Poliomyelitis vaccine -- Analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3878 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001612
- Description: Comparison of poliovirus strains was carried out to determine the origin of the virus in two isolates obtained during the 1982 outbreak of poliomyelitis in Gazankulu. Comparisons of the outbreak isolates with vaccine and wild-type strains of the same poliovirus type were carried out using four biochemical techniques. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and reversed-phase high-performance liquid-chromatography (RP-HPLC) were used for comparing viral capsid proteins. Comparison of poliovirus strains at a genetic level was carried out using two-dimensional oligonucleotide mapping of viral RNA. Results showed the type 1 poliovirus isolate, 5061, to be a novel wild-type poliovirus. The type 2 isolate, 5068, was closely related to the poliovirus type 2 Sabin vaccine strain, P712. It was concluded that the intrinsic variability of poliovirus strains was responsible for the appearance of isolate 5068
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
Identification and analysis of manual materials handling tasks within a commercial warehouse in South Africa
- Authors: Walraven, Lynne Louise
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Materials handling -- Safety measures , Industrial safety -- South Africa , Lifting and carrying -- Safety measures
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:5159 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015722
- Description: Lifting and overstraining are major causative factors related to musculoskeletal injuries and low back pain. A great number of work-related injuries arise from the handling and/or mishandling of materials. Hence there is a need to quantify risk factors in situ and develop guidelines for safe lifting practises in industry. The aim of this study was to make appropriate in situ quantification, within a commercial warehouse, of the stresses and physical demands imposed on the worker when performing two handed lifts in the sagittal plane. The performance of employees was assessed under normal working conditions through an observational methodology of data collection. Task performance evaluation was based on detailed measurement of all containers handled, an activity and time analysis, and the 'Work Practices Guide to Manual Lifting’ (NIOSH, 1981) which was used as the primary guide to developing theoretical recommendations to probable MMH risk factors for the workers involved. Of the 191 tasks analysed 103 were deemed unsuitable. Appropriate task factor adjustments were made where necessary to both the frequency and Hfactors (horizontal distance between the centre of gravity of the container and that of the worker) in order to reduce the risk factor for the workers
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Walraven, Lynne Louise
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Materials handling -- Safety measures , Industrial safety -- South Africa , Lifting and carrying -- Safety measures
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:5159 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015722
- Description: Lifting and overstraining are major causative factors related to musculoskeletal injuries and low back pain. A great number of work-related injuries arise from the handling and/or mishandling of materials. Hence there is a need to quantify risk factors in situ and develop guidelines for safe lifting practises in industry. The aim of this study was to make appropriate in situ quantification, within a commercial warehouse, of the stresses and physical demands imposed on the worker when performing two handed lifts in the sagittal plane. The performance of employees was assessed under normal working conditions through an observational methodology of data collection. Task performance evaluation was based on detailed measurement of all containers handled, an activity and time analysis, and the 'Work Practices Guide to Manual Lifting’ (NIOSH, 1981) which was used as the primary guide to developing theoretical recommendations to probable MMH risk factors for the workers involved. Of the 191 tasks analysed 103 were deemed unsuitable. Appropriate task factor adjustments were made where necessary to both the frequency and Hfactors (horizontal distance between the centre of gravity of the container and that of the worker) in order to reduce the risk factor for the workers
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
The sedimentology and palaeoenvironmental significance of vlei sediments on the Winterberg range, South Africa
- Authors: Dewey, Felicity Joy
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphic -- Holocene Sedimentology Sediments (Geology) -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Winterberg range Geology, Stratigraphic -- Pleistocene Paleoecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Winterberg range
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4797 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001897
- Description: Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the late Pleistocene and Holocene geological periods for central and southern Africa has been hampered by the erratic distribution of suitable sites, incomplete and inaccurately dated sequences and the limited nature of published data. One geomorphological feature which has supplied valuable evidence for fluctuations in past environmental conditions, is the vlei or dambo. The type-site of these waterlogged features is in south central Africa, but similar features have been described on other continents. The clastic and organic sediments contained within these features are affected by, and therefore reflect to some degree, the environment under which they were formed. The characteristics of the sediments supply information as to their transport and mechanisms of deposition. From these processes, the environmental conditions at the time of vlei formation can be inferred. The environmental history of the Eastern Cape region has been considerably neglected, and is far less well understood than other countries such as Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe. A study site in the Winterberg Range (Eastern Cape) was selected which permitted the comparison of two vleis, the objective being to establish an accurate late Pleistocene sediment chronology for the entire plateau area. Radiocarbon dates from organic layers indicate that these sediments span the last 12 000 years BP, suggesting that organic accumulation at this site began at roughly the same time as at sites further afield. The vlei sediments are analysed in terms of their morphology, particle slze distribution, and other physical and chemical characteristics. These data facilitate the construction of detailed stratigraphic diagrams and a chronological summary of sediment accumulation, from which the period and governing processes of vlei development under changing environments may be described. It is found that the Winterberg vleis contain sediments which respond to changes in the prevailing environment. This makes these sediments useful indices from which to trace such changes during the late Pleistocene and Holocene times. These features are found to be similar in many respects to those described elsewhere in Southern Africa. The study attempts to provide greater understanding of contemporary vlei processes and emphasises the necessity of their preservation, as finite and valuable resources, by future generations
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Dewey, Felicity Joy
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphic -- Holocene Sedimentology Sediments (Geology) -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Winterberg range Geology, Stratigraphic -- Pleistocene Paleoecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Winterberg range
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4797 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001897
- Description: Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the late Pleistocene and Holocene geological periods for central and southern Africa has been hampered by the erratic distribution of suitable sites, incomplete and inaccurately dated sequences and the limited nature of published data. One geomorphological feature which has supplied valuable evidence for fluctuations in past environmental conditions, is the vlei or dambo. The type-site of these waterlogged features is in south central Africa, but similar features have been described on other continents. The clastic and organic sediments contained within these features are affected by, and therefore reflect to some degree, the environment under which they were formed. The characteristics of the sediments supply information as to their transport and mechanisms of deposition. From these processes, the environmental conditions at the time of vlei formation can be inferred. The environmental history of the Eastern Cape region has been considerably neglected, and is far less well understood than other countries such as Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe. A study site in the Winterberg Range (Eastern Cape) was selected which permitted the comparison of two vleis, the objective being to establish an accurate late Pleistocene sediment chronology for the entire plateau area. Radiocarbon dates from organic layers indicate that these sediments span the last 12 000 years BP, suggesting that organic accumulation at this site began at roughly the same time as at sites further afield. The vlei sediments are analysed in terms of their morphology, particle slze distribution, and other physical and chemical characteristics. These data facilitate the construction of detailed stratigraphic diagrams and a chronological summary of sediment accumulation, from which the period and governing processes of vlei development under changing environments may be described. It is found that the Winterberg vleis contain sediments which respond to changes in the prevailing environment. This makes these sediments useful indices from which to trace such changes during the late Pleistocene and Holocene times. These features are found to be similar in many respects to those described elsewhere in Southern Africa. The study attempts to provide greater understanding of contemporary vlei processes and emphasises the necessity of their preservation, as finite and valuable resources, by future generations
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
The relationship and commitment of an artist to his or her society in a revolutionary environment
- Authors: Jones, Jacqueline
- Date: 1989
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:21163 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6662
- Description: From Introduction: In Aesthetics after Modernism, Peter Fuller writes that "good art can only be realized when a creative individual encounters a living tradition with deep tendrils in communal life" (Fuller, 1983: p.36). Yet Francis Bacon believed that "the suffering of people and the differences between people are what have made great art, and not egalitarianism ... " (Brighton and Morris, ' 1977: p.234 and 235). If it is true that art was once an integral part of society and reflected the aspirations of the whole community, its effect on society today has become marginal. Throughout history, especially since the emergence of Romanticism in the nineteenth century, the relationship between art, the artist and the public has become more and more tenuous. The spread of capitalism has resulted in widespread changes in methods of production, literacy, and industrial and technical development. Societies have become so diversified that today art no longer expresses the values and spiritual concerns of a unified society, but rather the individual or the small group. Given this, it has become impossible to return to a system of shared values and beliefs. To preserve some kind of 'truth', art has become a self-evolving activity, autonomous from political, social and economic concerns, and the term 'art for art's sake' is synonymous with many artists working in western capitalist societies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Jones, Jacqueline
- Date: 1989
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:21163 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6662
- Description: From Introduction: In Aesthetics after Modernism, Peter Fuller writes that "good art can only be realized when a creative individual encounters a living tradition with deep tendrils in communal life" (Fuller, 1983: p.36). Yet Francis Bacon believed that "the suffering of people and the differences between people are what have made great art, and not egalitarianism ... " (Brighton and Morris, ' 1977: p.234 and 235). If it is true that art was once an integral part of society and reflected the aspirations of the whole community, its effect on society today has become marginal. Throughout history, especially since the emergence of Romanticism in the nineteenth century, the relationship between art, the artist and the public has become more and more tenuous. The spread of capitalism has resulted in widespread changes in methods of production, literacy, and industrial and technical development. Societies have become so diversified that today art no longer expresses the values and spiritual concerns of a unified society, but rather the individual or the small group. Given this, it has become impossible to return to a system of shared values and beliefs. To preserve some kind of 'truth', art has become a self-evolving activity, autonomous from political, social and economic concerns, and the term 'art for art's sake' is synonymous with many artists working in western capitalist societies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
A metabletic study of the male/female process in psychology
- O'Brien, Keith Stanley Edward Michael
- Authors: O'Brien, Keith Stanley Edward Michael
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Psychology -- Philosophy , Sex difference (Psychology) , Psychotherapy
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2908 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002073
- Description: The motivation to explore the subject matter of this thesis arises from two interlinked processes: (1) the experience of the power and pervasiveness of a "basic split" experienced in therapy in the unity of the individual, (2) the tendency in the unitary discipline psychology for theorists to adopt views which are polar opposites. In trying to understand these phenomena one has to explore the basic paradox of being which has fascinated thinkers and mystics down through the ages, the paradox of the One and the many, and thus the phenomenon of change. This paradox is explored in mythology, in the "philosophia perennis" and as encountered in high-energy sub-atomic physics. Out of this emerges the awareness of Being as One but as embodying a dynamic polar process, the first of whose manifestations is the male and the female process (or Yin/Yang in Chinese). The male/female process is defined and explored and it is shown that the female process has been progressively ignored and largely repressed in the West. I demonstrate this process in a metabletic (hermeneutical phenomenological) study of Greek sacred architecture. Metabletics as defined by its originator, J.H. van den Berg, is "the theory of change" or a psychology of history. It is thus a particularly suitable method of analysing the cultural-historical process of the repression of the female process in Western society. The emergence of the male process as predominant in the West is explored hermeneutically through the emergence of the individual and the suppression of the old unity centred in the Mother Goddess, and the receding of the Father God to the heavens. The choice by the great Greek philosophers of the male process is particularly important because of their emphasis on the Logico-Mathematical Sequential (L.M.S.) mode of knowing and perception at the expense of the female process, Intuitive-Creative Holistic (I.C.H.) mode.The dominance of the male process in the West is traced from the aboriginal female-process state through neolithic village culture to the rise of the first cities. Processes studied are the rise of kingship, war, private property and the splitting of labour. The roots of anomie and alienation are described. The emergence of god as powerful ruler and lawgiver is shown. The splitting of the male/female process leads to the splitting of the individual from him/herself, from others, from the world and from the divine. This is traced in the mystery religions, in religious dualism, in the rise of the Judaeo-Christian tradition and Gnosticism. The split and its effects are demonstrated in Western science and psychology. The necessity and possibility of integration in science and in psychology is demonstrated through the integration of our process of knowing and perceiving which is used as a model for the integration of psychology. The effects of the male/female split on the individual in Western society are shown. The split in our society leads to anomie and alienation, which produce "socioses". These affect the child born into the society and lead to a "Parent/Child" split. The possibility of healing the split in the individual, between people, between humankind and the world and in re-establishing our unity in the One is illustrated. The unity of the One is experienced through the dynamic polar interaction of the male/female process.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: O'Brien, Keith Stanley Edward Michael
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Psychology -- Philosophy , Sex difference (Psychology) , Psychotherapy
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2908 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002073
- Description: The motivation to explore the subject matter of this thesis arises from two interlinked processes: (1) the experience of the power and pervasiveness of a "basic split" experienced in therapy in the unity of the individual, (2) the tendency in the unitary discipline psychology for theorists to adopt views which are polar opposites. In trying to understand these phenomena one has to explore the basic paradox of being which has fascinated thinkers and mystics down through the ages, the paradox of the One and the many, and thus the phenomenon of change. This paradox is explored in mythology, in the "philosophia perennis" and as encountered in high-energy sub-atomic physics. Out of this emerges the awareness of Being as One but as embodying a dynamic polar process, the first of whose manifestations is the male and the female process (or Yin/Yang in Chinese). The male/female process is defined and explored and it is shown that the female process has been progressively ignored and largely repressed in the West. I demonstrate this process in a metabletic (hermeneutical phenomenological) study of Greek sacred architecture. Metabletics as defined by its originator, J.H. van den Berg, is "the theory of change" or a psychology of history. It is thus a particularly suitable method of analysing the cultural-historical process of the repression of the female process in Western society. The emergence of the male process as predominant in the West is explored hermeneutically through the emergence of the individual and the suppression of the old unity centred in the Mother Goddess, and the receding of the Father God to the heavens. The choice by the great Greek philosophers of the male process is particularly important because of their emphasis on the Logico-Mathematical Sequential (L.M.S.) mode of knowing and perception at the expense of the female process, Intuitive-Creative Holistic (I.C.H.) mode.The dominance of the male process in the West is traced from the aboriginal female-process state through neolithic village culture to the rise of the first cities. Processes studied are the rise of kingship, war, private property and the splitting of labour. The roots of anomie and alienation are described. The emergence of god as powerful ruler and lawgiver is shown. The splitting of the male/female process leads to the splitting of the individual from him/herself, from others, from the world and from the divine. This is traced in the mystery religions, in religious dualism, in the rise of the Judaeo-Christian tradition and Gnosticism. The split and its effects are demonstrated in Western science and psychology. The necessity and possibility of integration in science and in psychology is demonstrated through the integration of our process of knowing and perceiving which is used as a model for the integration of psychology. The effects of the male/female split on the individual in Western society are shown. The split in our society leads to anomie and alienation, which produce "socioses". These affect the child born into the society and lead to a "Parent/Child" split. The possibility of healing the split in the individual, between people, between humankind and the world and in re-establishing our unity in the One is illustrated. The unity of the One is experienced through the dynamic polar interaction of the male/female process.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
The life and times of Ethel Tawse Jollie : a case study of the transference and adaptation of British social and political ideas of the Edwardian era to a colonial society
- Authors: Lowry, Daniel William
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Jollie, Ethel Tawse, 1876-1950 Zimbabwe -- History -- 1890-1965
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2525 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001854
- Description: This is an appraisal of the career of Ethel Tawse Jollie (1876-1950), the first woman parliamentarian in Southern Rhodesia, and the British Empire overseas, prolific writer and leading intellectual of her political generation who played a key role in the achievement of responsible government in Southern Rhodesia in 1923. As the founder and principal organiser of the Responsible Government Association she imported from Britain a singular political philosophy which made a lasting impression on Rhodesia's political character and social identity. She was an influential figure in British imperialist circles and in the women's suffrage controversy. No other Rhodesian politician had achieved such prominence in the metropole, or possessed such a thoroughly formed, comprehensive ideology, and the propaganda skills necessary to give it effect. The study traces the formation of her ideas within the intellectual milieu of pre-1914 Britain and - through her - its subsequent adaptation in Rhodesia; how, through her marriage to Archibald Colquhoun - explorer, writer and Cecil Rhodes's first Administrator of Mashonaland - she became steeped in the ideology of the Edwardian Radical Right - that reaction to imperial decline denoted by the slogan 'National Efficiency'. By 1915. when she arrived in Rhodesia, she had come to believe that by 1915, when she arrived in Rhodesia, she had come to believe that the salvation of the Empire lay in its 'patriotic' periphery where it was possible to create new societies on Radical Right principles. Both in and out of parliament she gave to Rhodesian public policy and identity a distinct Radical Right hue, which she further enhanced by her involvement in various extra parliamentary pressure groups. It is a life and times study and considerable use is made of contemporary ballads and novels in the belief that immersion in the atmosphere of the period is particularly useful in an intellectual biography of this kind. Comparisons are also made with other British peripheries notably Ulster, Canada and New Zealand. The study challenges the traditional view of Rhodesia as a neo-Victorian intellectual backwater; seeing it rather as a society which continued to import selectively ideas from elsewhere in the Empire. It should interest Commonwealth and - because of its central character - women's historians.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Lowry, Daniel William
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Jollie, Ethel Tawse, 1876-1950 Zimbabwe -- History -- 1890-1965
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2525 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001854
- Description: This is an appraisal of the career of Ethel Tawse Jollie (1876-1950), the first woman parliamentarian in Southern Rhodesia, and the British Empire overseas, prolific writer and leading intellectual of her political generation who played a key role in the achievement of responsible government in Southern Rhodesia in 1923. As the founder and principal organiser of the Responsible Government Association she imported from Britain a singular political philosophy which made a lasting impression on Rhodesia's political character and social identity. She was an influential figure in British imperialist circles and in the women's suffrage controversy. No other Rhodesian politician had achieved such prominence in the metropole, or possessed such a thoroughly formed, comprehensive ideology, and the propaganda skills necessary to give it effect. The study traces the formation of her ideas within the intellectual milieu of pre-1914 Britain and - through her - its subsequent adaptation in Rhodesia; how, through her marriage to Archibald Colquhoun - explorer, writer and Cecil Rhodes's first Administrator of Mashonaland - she became steeped in the ideology of the Edwardian Radical Right - that reaction to imperial decline denoted by the slogan 'National Efficiency'. By 1915. when she arrived in Rhodesia, she had come to believe that by 1915, when she arrived in Rhodesia, she had come to believe that the salvation of the Empire lay in its 'patriotic' periphery where it was possible to create new societies on Radical Right principles. Both in and out of parliament she gave to Rhodesian public policy and identity a distinct Radical Right hue, which she further enhanced by her involvement in various extra parliamentary pressure groups. It is a life and times study and considerable use is made of contemporary ballads and novels in the belief that immersion in the atmosphere of the period is particularly useful in an intellectual biography of this kind. Comparisons are also made with other British peripheries notably Ulster, Canada and New Zealand. The study challenges the traditional view of Rhodesia as a neo-Victorian intellectual backwater; seeing it rather as a society which continued to import selectively ideas from elsewhere in the Empire. It should interest Commonwealth and - because of its central character - women's historians.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
Assessment of factors influencing the quality of surface and ground water in the Hout Bay river catchment
- Authors: Pearce, Meryl Winsome
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Water -- South Africa -- Hout Bay Hydrology Water -- Pollution -- South Africa -- Hout Bay Water quality -- South Africa -- Hout Bay Aquatic ecology Water quality Hout Bay river (South Africa) Groundwater -- South Africa -- Hout Bay
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4800 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001900
- Description: An investigation into the quality of surface water and ground water was conducted during 1988 in the 38,8 km² Hout Bay River catchment near Cape Town. The main objective of the study was to determine those areas and activities which constitute a pollution source and to ascertain the relative proportion which each contributes to the pollution problem and health risk of the surf zone of the beach at Hout Ba . The objective was achieved by monitoring the chemical and microbiological attributes of the Hout Bay River, its tributaries and stormdrains in wet and dry conditions on a routine basis and during storm events. Hout Bay is a rapidly developing residential area in which sewage disposal occurs by means of septic tank soakaway systems. Ground water quality was monitored to investigate the contribution to contamination by septic tank effluent. Results showed that stormdrain effluent in dry and wet conditions and surface runoff during rainfall were the main vectors of pollution. Although the pollution concentration was high during dry conditions the greatest pollution discharge to the surf zone of Hout Bay occurred during storm events. In view of the proposed residential development it is imperative that pollution control measures be undertaken so as to secure the future recreational and aesthetic value of Hout Bay
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Pearce, Meryl Winsome
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Water -- South Africa -- Hout Bay Hydrology Water -- Pollution -- South Africa -- Hout Bay Water quality -- South Africa -- Hout Bay Aquatic ecology Water quality Hout Bay river (South Africa) Groundwater -- South Africa -- Hout Bay
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4800 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001900
- Description: An investigation into the quality of surface water and ground water was conducted during 1988 in the 38,8 km² Hout Bay River catchment near Cape Town. The main objective of the study was to determine those areas and activities which constitute a pollution source and to ascertain the relative proportion which each contributes to the pollution problem and health risk of the surf zone of the beach at Hout Ba . The objective was achieved by monitoring the chemical and microbiological attributes of the Hout Bay River, its tributaries and stormdrains in wet and dry conditions on a routine basis and during storm events. Hout Bay is a rapidly developing residential area in which sewage disposal occurs by means of septic tank soakaway systems. Ground water quality was monitored to investigate the contribution to contamination by septic tank effluent. Results showed that stormdrain effluent in dry and wet conditions and surface runoff during rainfall were the main vectors of pollution. Although the pollution concentration was high during dry conditions the greatest pollution discharge to the surf zone of Hout Bay occurred during storm events. In view of the proposed residential development it is imperative that pollution control measures be undertaken so as to secure the future recreational and aesthetic value of Hout Bay
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
"Us" and "them": disagreement over the meanings of terms, ambiguity, contestability and strategy in the Zimbabwean House of Assembly
- Hasler, Arthur Richard Patrick
- Authors: Hasler, Arthur Richard Patrick
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Politicians -- Zimbabwe -- Language , Zimbabwe -- Politics and government -- 1980- |xLanguage
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2083 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001600
- Description: This is a study of how certain value loaded political terms are used in Zimbabwean Parliamentary debate. Before 1980 it is argued that aspects of lexical choice and an individual's sociopolitical position were extremely closely related, especially in the case of "white Rhodesians". There was also a marked lack of ambiguity in the use of value loaded terms at this time. In contemporary Zimbabwean House of Assembly, however, terms which became popularized when the new government came to power in 1980 are used with considerable ambiguity and contestability in order to further specific strategies. Though correlations between the choice of lexical units and individuals' positions in the social structure have been identified as "sociolinguistic variables" (Downes 1984, 75), it is argued that an analysis of this type of correlation should lead us to an analysis of how these lexical units or "terms" are used by individual speakers in a micro-political process. I hypothesize that the ambiguity and contestability which encompass certain key terms used in the Zimbabwean House contribute to their being used as strategies to achieve individual or party goals. I show that the terms are manipulated by individuals in various contexts, and that the normative connotations of terms, that is what the terms "ought" to mean, is not consistent with the ways in which they are used. This, in turn, has an effect on how people think the terms should be used. This process of language change exposes the interface between language usage and social life. Though not reducible to a single "correct" interpretation, it does provide rich material for the analysis of culture.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Hasler, Arthur Richard Patrick
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Politicians -- Zimbabwe -- Language , Zimbabwe -- Politics and government -- 1980- |xLanguage
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2083 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001600
- Description: This is a study of how certain value loaded political terms are used in Zimbabwean Parliamentary debate. Before 1980 it is argued that aspects of lexical choice and an individual's sociopolitical position were extremely closely related, especially in the case of "white Rhodesians". There was also a marked lack of ambiguity in the use of value loaded terms at this time. In contemporary Zimbabwean House of Assembly, however, terms which became popularized when the new government came to power in 1980 are used with considerable ambiguity and contestability in order to further specific strategies. Though correlations between the choice of lexical units and individuals' positions in the social structure have been identified as "sociolinguistic variables" (Downes 1984, 75), it is argued that an analysis of this type of correlation should lead us to an analysis of how these lexical units or "terms" are used by individual speakers in a micro-political process. I hypothesize that the ambiguity and contestability which encompass certain key terms used in the Zimbabwean House contribute to their being used as strategies to achieve individual or party goals. I show that the terms are manipulated by individuals in various contexts, and that the normative connotations of terms, that is what the terms "ought" to mean, is not consistent with the ways in which they are used. This, in turn, has an effect on how people think the terms should be used. This process of language change exposes the interface between language usage and social life. Though not reducible to a single "correct" interpretation, it does provide rich material for the analysis of culture.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
Attitudes to family planning in the Taung area of Bophuthatswana: a social work perspective
- Authors: Thekisho, Geraldine Nomonde
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Birth control -- South Africa -- Bophuthatswana , Bophuthatswana (South Africa) -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:3277 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004914 , Birth control -- South Africa -- Bophuthatswana , Bophuthatswana (South Africa) -- Social conditions
- Description: Emphasis in the study is on the prevalence of poverty especially in the so called third world developing countries. Poverty as a social problem is caused by a number of factors, viz: Over population, unemployment, illiteracy, etc. In the case of the study the focus is the rapid population growth or "population explosion" as it is commonly known. Family planning is sen as important, but not the only strategy in combatting the interrelated problem of population growth and development. The relevance and importance of social workers, as members of a multidisciplinary team in the delivery of family planning programmes is emphasised. There is evidence in the study to support the observation that Black African people in particular are reluctant to use family planning methods. Based on this evidence, the basic assumption arrived at is that there is a general unfavourable attitude to family planning in the Taung area. The research design used is exploratory-descriptive. Of the 75 areas in the district, 10 areas were included In the investigation. A stratified random sample was used, with a sample size of 200 respondents. The interview schedule was used to collect data. It was structured and consisted primarily of close-ended questions, and was analysed using the Biomedical Data Programme (B.M.D.P.). The problem is formulated from literature concerned with population growth in the Republic of South Africa as well as Bophuthatswana. The following sub-problems were described: illegitimacy; health and economic problems associated with large families; abortion; malnutrition and malnourishment; and the absence of services of the National Family Planning Programme In the Taung area. Compatibility between social work and family planning is a central concern, with community development as a significant method of intervention. The three important concepts in the study were broadly defined, viz: Overpopulation, family planning and attitude. It was established that: -the use of family planning follows rather than precedes the process of modernisation and rising economic standards; -no family planning programme can be practised universally - because of factors such as culture, need and habit. Attitudinal change is considered based on the basic assumption arrived at. Little has been done on the subject of family planning in south Africa. With regard to the role of social work in family planning, there have been impediments along the following lines: lack of firm tradition; emphasis on treatment rather than on preventive work; a view of family planning asa health measure and to be offered solely in the medical and health services. To be active in this field social workers need formal education and training. Taung: - the area of study is predominantly rural with almost all characteristics of rural areas, those of: Irregular transport services to and from remote areas; corrugated roads; primitive sanitary conditions; poor communication system; absence of electricity in villages; illiteracy and unemployment. On the other hand, development is evident especially in the health, education and welfare fields. The central findings in the study are those arising from resistances to family planning usage - politically; culturally; morally and psychologically. The general conclusions are: The high rate of unemployment is present in the sample and there is financial dependence on partners (men); the importance of social workers in family planning is emphasised; there is a desire to have large numbers of children (children feature prominently in the area and are regarded as an asset in various ways); and lastly, improved education does lead to an increase in motivation to adopt family planning practices. Against the highlighted findings, recommendations were made, viz that: Community development be used as a strategy for change; social workers be involved as team members in family planning - in policy formulation and planning of population programmes at various levels, using different methods of intervention; paramedical aides beused - because of inter alia shortage of qualified manpower and lastly formal education and training to be granted to prospective change agents in family planning delivery programmes. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Thekisho, Geraldine Nomonde
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Birth control -- South Africa -- Bophuthatswana , Bophuthatswana (South Africa) -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:3277 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004914 , Birth control -- South Africa -- Bophuthatswana , Bophuthatswana (South Africa) -- Social conditions
- Description: Emphasis in the study is on the prevalence of poverty especially in the so called third world developing countries. Poverty as a social problem is caused by a number of factors, viz: Over population, unemployment, illiteracy, etc. In the case of the study the focus is the rapid population growth or "population explosion" as it is commonly known. Family planning is sen as important, but not the only strategy in combatting the interrelated problem of population growth and development. The relevance and importance of social workers, as members of a multidisciplinary team in the delivery of family planning programmes is emphasised. There is evidence in the study to support the observation that Black African people in particular are reluctant to use family planning methods. Based on this evidence, the basic assumption arrived at is that there is a general unfavourable attitude to family planning in the Taung area. The research design used is exploratory-descriptive. Of the 75 areas in the district, 10 areas were included In the investigation. A stratified random sample was used, with a sample size of 200 respondents. The interview schedule was used to collect data. It was structured and consisted primarily of close-ended questions, and was analysed using the Biomedical Data Programme (B.M.D.P.). The problem is formulated from literature concerned with population growth in the Republic of South Africa as well as Bophuthatswana. The following sub-problems were described: illegitimacy; health and economic problems associated with large families; abortion; malnutrition and malnourishment; and the absence of services of the National Family Planning Programme In the Taung area. Compatibility between social work and family planning is a central concern, with community development as a significant method of intervention. The three important concepts in the study were broadly defined, viz: Overpopulation, family planning and attitude. It was established that: -the use of family planning follows rather than precedes the process of modernisation and rising economic standards; -no family planning programme can be practised universally - because of factors such as culture, need and habit. Attitudinal change is considered based on the basic assumption arrived at. Little has been done on the subject of family planning in south Africa. With regard to the role of social work in family planning, there have been impediments along the following lines: lack of firm tradition; emphasis on treatment rather than on preventive work; a view of family planning asa health measure and to be offered solely in the medical and health services. To be active in this field social workers need formal education and training. Taung: - the area of study is predominantly rural with almost all characteristics of rural areas, those of: Irregular transport services to and from remote areas; corrugated roads; primitive sanitary conditions; poor communication system; absence of electricity in villages; illiteracy and unemployment. On the other hand, development is evident especially in the health, education and welfare fields. The central findings in the study are those arising from resistances to family planning usage - politically; culturally; morally and psychologically. The general conclusions are: The high rate of unemployment is present in the sample and there is financial dependence on partners (men); the importance of social workers in family planning is emphasised; there is a desire to have large numbers of children (children feature prominently in the area and are regarded as an asset in various ways); and lastly, improved education does lead to an increase in motivation to adopt family planning practices. Against the highlighted findings, recommendations were made, viz that: Community development be used as a strategy for change; social workers be involved as team members in family planning - in policy formulation and planning of population programmes at various levels, using different methods of intervention; paramedical aides beused - because of inter alia shortage of qualified manpower and lastly formal education and training to be granted to prospective change agents in family planning delivery programmes. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
A hydrogeological investigation of the Grootegeluk mine
- Authors: Johnstone, Andrew Clifford
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Hydrogeology -- South Africa Coal mines and mining -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4795 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001895
- Description: The study concerns an assessment of the hydrogeological impact of an open cast coal mine in the North Western Transvaal Province of South Africa. The hydrogeological impact of the mine is assessed in terms of groundwater quality and levels. A monitoring system was installed to enable the present and future impact of mining operations on the hydrogeological regime to be assessed. Grootegeluk Mine is situated in the Waterberg Coal Field of South Africa and began production in 1980. The mine extracts fifteen million tons of mine material annually from a single open pit. Forty percent of the mined material is saleable product and the remaining sixty percent is stacked on discard dumps. The Daarby fault forms the northern boundary of the open pit and serves to bring the younger Letaba and Clarens Formations into contact with the older Beaufort and Ecca Groups. The mine discards are deposited north of the fault on a different hydrogeological environment from which they are mined. Dewatering of the mine open pit has resulted in a steady decline in water levels in the Ecca Group, south of the Daarby fault. In contrast, water levels north of the Daarby fault in the Letaba and Clarens Formations have risen. The short term hydrochemical impact of the mine discard dumps and slimes dams have resulted in a rise in the calcium, sulphate, chloride, fluoride and nitrate concentrations of the ambient groundwater . The longer term hydrochemical impact from the waste dumps, acid mine drainage, is not evident at present in the groundwater below the waste dumps. However, it is expected to manifest itself during the next ten years. A monitoring system was installed at the mine to allow groundwater levels and quality to be monitored. By measuring groundwater quality and levels the impact of the mine on the regional hydrogeology can be monitored and assessed presently, and during the next forty years of production. Monitoring will also enable the timeous implementation of remedial measures at an early stage and eliminate the need for large late stage "clean up" operations. Future monitoring of both water levels and quality will be crucial in evaluating the mine's impact on the regional groundwater regimes over the next forty years of production. The remedial measures recommended for leachate presently emanating from the waste dumps and slimes dams north of the Daarby fault, are a number of collector wells drilled into the basalts and sandstone north of the Daarby fault. The proposed positions of the wells (boreholes) are as close as possible to the dumps and slimes dams with expansion taken into consideration. The boreholes should be designed to lower the water level in the vicinity of the dumps in order to create a nett groundwater gradient towards the dumps and as a result, halt the spread of leachate away from the dumps. Grootegeluk plans to backfill the open pit with plant discards on completion of the mining of zone 2. The backfilled material will consist of the currently produced plant waste and will be covered with overburden and topsoil. It is expected that the backfilling will have a major impact on groundwater quantity if no remedial measures are implemented. The two remedial measures discussed are chemical treatment of the discard material before backfilling or the continual abstraction of water from the pit resulting in a nett groundwater inflow into the pit. No material from the present waste dumps and slimes dams will be transported into the open pit as backfill material
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Johnstone, Andrew Clifford
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Hydrogeology -- South Africa Coal mines and mining -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4795 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001895
- Description: The study concerns an assessment of the hydrogeological impact of an open cast coal mine in the North Western Transvaal Province of South Africa. The hydrogeological impact of the mine is assessed in terms of groundwater quality and levels. A monitoring system was installed to enable the present and future impact of mining operations on the hydrogeological regime to be assessed. Grootegeluk Mine is situated in the Waterberg Coal Field of South Africa and began production in 1980. The mine extracts fifteen million tons of mine material annually from a single open pit. Forty percent of the mined material is saleable product and the remaining sixty percent is stacked on discard dumps. The Daarby fault forms the northern boundary of the open pit and serves to bring the younger Letaba and Clarens Formations into contact with the older Beaufort and Ecca Groups. The mine discards are deposited north of the fault on a different hydrogeological environment from which they are mined. Dewatering of the mine open pit has resulted in a steady decline in water levels in the Ecca Group, south of the Daarby fault. In contrast, water levels north of the Daarby fault in the Letaba and Clarens Formations have risen. The short term hydrochemical impact of the mine discard dumps and slimes dams have resulted in a rise in the calcium, sulphate, chloride, fluoride and nitrate concentrations of the ambient groundwater . The longer term hydrochemical impact from the waste dumps, acid mine drainage, is not evident at present in the groundwater below the waste dumps. However, it is expected to manifest itself during the next ten years. A monitoring system was installed at the mine to allow groundwater levels and quality to be monitored. By measuring groundwater quality and levels the impact of the mine on the regional hydrogeology can be monitored and assessed presently, and during the next forty years of production. Monitoring will also enable the timeous implementation of remedial measures at an early stage and eliminate the need for large late stage "clean up" operations. Future monitoring of both water levels and quality will be crucial in evaluating the mine's impact on the regional groundwater regimes over the next forty years of production. The remedial measures recommended for leachate presently emanating from the waste dumps and slimes dams north of the Daarby fault, are a number of collector wells drilled into the basalts and sandstone north of the Daarby fault. The proposed positions of the wells (boreholes) are as close as possible to the dumps and slimes dams with expansion taken into consideration. The boreholes should be designed to lower the water level in the vicinity of the dumps in order to create a nett groundwater gradient towards the dumps and as a result, halt the spread of leachate away from the dumps. Grootegeluk plans to backfill the open pit with plant discards on completion of the mining of zone 2. The backfilled material will consist of the currently produced plant waste and will be covered with overburden and topsoil. It is expected that the backfilling will have a major impact on groundwater quantity if no remedial measures are implemented. The two remedial measures discussed are chemical treatment of the discard material before backfilling or the continual abstraction of water from the pit resulting in a nett groundwater inflow into the pit. No material from the present waste dumps and slimes dams will be transported into the open pit as backfill material
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
The thermodynamics of binary liquid mixtures of compounds containing multiple bonds.
- Authors: Baxter, Rodney Charles
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Solution (Chemistry)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4531 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016079
- Description: Excess thermodynamic properties have been determined for several binary liquid mixtures with the aim of testing various thermodynamic theories and postulates. Excess molar enthalpies, HEm, have been determined using an LKB flow microcalorimeter and excess molar volumes, VEm, have been determined using an Anton Paar vibrating tube densitometer. The activity coefficients at infinite dilution ƴ∞₁₃, have been determined using an atmospheric pressure gas-liquid chromatograph. The excess molar enthalpies and the excess molar volumes have been measured at 298.15 K for systems involving the bicyclic compounds decahydronaphthalene (decalin), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (tetralin), bicyclohexyl, or cyclohexylbenzene mixed with 1- hexene, 1-hexyne, 1-heptene, 1-heptyne, cyclohexene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1,4- cyclohexadiene, or benzene. These excess properties have also been measured for systems where the bicyclic compound has been replaced with benzene, cyclohexane or n-hexane. The results show defmite trends related to the size, shape, and the degree of unsaturation of the component molecules. The Flory theory has been used to predict excess molar enthalpies and excess molar volumes for {(a bicyclic compound or benzene or cyclohexane or n-hexane) +(an n-alkane or a 1-alkene or a 1-alkyne or a cycloalkane or cyclohexene or a cycloalkadiene or benzene)}. The one parameter equations offer reasonably good correlations between the predicted and the experimental results. More insight into the origins of the contnbutions to the excess thermodynamic properties for these systems has been gained by considering the approximate equations of Patterson and co-workers, which separate the interactional and the free volume contributions to the excess molar enthalpy and the excess molar volume. The one parameter equations have adequately rationalized a good deal of the observed behaviour for HEm and VEm. The theory of Liebermann and co-workers, which does not employ any adjustable parameters, has not been as successful at predicting the excess thermodynamic properties for the above systems. The activity coefficients at infinite dilution have been measured at 278.15 K, 288.15 K and 298.15 K for n-bexane, 1-bexene, 1-hexyne, n-heptane, 1-heptene, 1-heptyne, cyclohexane, cyclohexene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1,4-cyclohexadiene, and benzene, in decalin, tetralin, bicyclohexyl, and cyclohexylbenzene. Solvent losses from the column have been accounted for by an extrapolation procedure. The activity coefficient results together with the HEm and VEm values have been used to calculate the partial molar excess thermodynamic properties of mixing at infinite dilution. The partial molar excess properties at infinite dilution for decalin mixtures are similar to those for bicyclohexyl mixtures. There is also a similarity between the properties of the tetralin mixtures and the cyclohexylbenzene mixtures. The cycloalkadienes, benzene and the 1-alkynes exhibit a strong dissociation effect on being mixed with the saturated solvents, decalin and bicyclohexyl, but associate strongly with tetralin and with cyclohexylbenzene. The Flory theory bas been used to predict activity coefficients at infinite dilution from the experimentally determined HEm results for { (n-bexane or 1-hexene or 1-hexyne or naheptane or 1-heptene or 1-beptyne) + (a bicyclic compound)}. The theory is much better at predicting values for mixtures where both components are either saturated molecules or are unsaturated molecules than for {saturated + unsaturated} mixtures.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Baxter, Rodney Charles
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Solution (Chemistry)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4531 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016079
- Description: Excess thermodynamic properties have been determined for several binary liquid mixtures with the aim of testing various thermodynamic theories and postulates. Excess molar enthalpies, HEm, have been determined using an LKB flow microcalorimeter and excess molar volumes, VEm, have been determined using an Anton Paar vibrating tube densitometer. The activity coefficients at infinite dilution ƴ∞₁₃, have been determined using an atmospheric pressure gas-liquid chromatograph. The excess molar enthalpies and the excess molar volumes have been measured at 298.15 K for systems involving the bicyclic compounds decahydronaphthalene (decalin), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (tetralin), bicyclohexyl, or cyclohexylbenzene mixed with 1- hexene, 1-hexyne, 1-heptene, 1-heptyne, cyclohexene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1,4- cyclohexadiene, or benzene. These excess properties have also been measured for systems where the bicyclic compound has been replaced with benzene, cyclohexane or n-hexane. The results show defmite trends related to the size, shape, and the degree of unsaturation of the component molecules. The Flory theory has been used to predict excess molar enthalpies and excess molar volumes for {(a bicyclic compound or benzene or cyclohexane or n-hexane) +(an n-alkane or a 1-alkene or a 1-alkyne or a cycloalkane or cyclohexene or a cycloalkadiene or benzene)}. The one parameter equations offer reasonably good correlations between the predicted and the experimental results. More insight into the origins of the contnbutions to the excess thermodynamic properties for these systems has been gained by considering the approximate equations of Patterson and co-workers, which separate the interactional and the free volume contributions to the excess molar enthalpy and the excess molar volume. The one parameter equations have adequately rationalized a good deal of the observed behaviour for HEm and VEm. The theory of Liebermann and co-workers, which does not employ any adjustable parameters, has not been as successful at predicting the excess thermodynamic properties for the above systems. The activity coefficients at infinite dilution have been measured at 278.15 K, 288.15 K and 298.15 K for n-bexane, 1-bexene, 1-hexyne, n-heptane, 1-heptene, 1-heptyne, cyclohexane, cyclohexene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1,4-cyclohexadiene, and benzene, in decalin, tetralin, bicyclohexyl, and cyclohexylbenzene. Solvent losses from the column have been accounted for by an extrapolation procedure. The activity coefficient results together with the HEm and VEm values have been used to calculate the partial molar excess thermodynamic properties of mixing at infinite dilution. The partial molar excess properties at infinite dilution for decalin mixtures are similar to those for bicyclohexyl mixtures. There is also a similarity between the properties of the tetralin mixtures and the cyclohexylbenzene mixtures. The cycloalkadienes, benzene and the 1-alkynes exhibit a strong dissociation effect on being mixed with the saturated solvents, decalin and bicyclohexyl, but associate strongly with tetralin and with cyclohexylbenzene. The Flory theory bas been used to predict activity coefficients at infinite dilution from the experimentally determined HEm results for { (n-bexane or 1-hexene or 1-hexyne or naheptane or 1-heptene or 1-beptyne) + (a bicyclic compound)}. The theory is much better at predicting values for mixtures where both components are either saturated molecules or are unsaturated molecules than for {saturated + unsaturated} mixtures.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
Primêre leerlinge se geskiedenispotentiaal: 'n empiriese ondersoek na senior primêre leerlinge en onderwysers se vermoë om indringende vrae oor 'n historiese gebeurtenis met begrip en insig te beantwoord
- Authors: Hattingh, Johannes Hendrik
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: History -- Study and teaching (Elementary)
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1362 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001428
- Description: The main aim of this research was to determine the potential of senior primary pupils and serving teachers to understand a text that is concerned with a historical event. A test was written by 136 white standard 3, 4 and 5 pupils from a Cape Province primary school, as well as 32 serving teachers from various other Cape Province primary schools. The test consisted of a text and questions based upon it. The testees had 60 minutes at their disposal to study the text and give written answers to the questions. The historical event explained in the text dealt with the Peasant Uprising that occurred in England in 1381. Eight open-ended questions were asked. The questions were graded according to difficulty and based on the model of Merrit to test the following levels of thought: knowledge, application, inference and evaluation. In the dissertation attention is paid to the following aspects: 1. Background for the research. 2. The most important theoretical aspects that play a role in the process of historical understanding. 3. A statistlcal analysis of the results obtained from the pupils and teachers, with attention to those factors that may have influenced the results e.g. verbal IQ, age, interest, etc. 4. The quality of the teachers' and pupils' answers as well as examples from their work to illustrate certain aspects. 5. The most important conclusions that can be drawn from the research. Based on their answers to the graded questions the pupils were grouped into different levels to ascertain whether a significant pattern would emerge for each standard. It became clear, however, that irrespective of age or verbal IQ the pupils could not consistently be grouped into a specific level or category. The most important conclusions of the research are the following: 1. The ability of senior primary pupils to cope with intellectually stimulating material are underestimated. 2. A variety of factors influenced the results of the pupils, but not one of the factors studied in this research was found to be of significant importance. 3. The average primary teacher do have the potential ability to cope with more difficult historical material than the present factual approach would suggest.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Hattingh, Johannes Hendrik
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: History -- Study and teaching (Elementary)
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1362 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001428
- Description: The main aim of this research was to determine the potential of senior primary pupils and serving teachers to understand a text that is concerned with a historical event. A test was written by 136 white standard 3, 4 and 5 pupils from a Cape Province primary school, as well as 32 serving teachers from various other Cape Province primary schools. The test consisted of a text and questions based upon it. The testees had 60 minutes at their disposal to study the text and give written answers to the questions. The historical event explained in the text dealt with the Peasant Uprising that occurred in England in 1381. Eight open-ended questions were asked. The questions were graded according to difficulty and based on the model of Merrit to test the following levels of thought: knowledge, application, inference and evaluation. In the dissertation attention is paid to the following aspects: 1. Background for the research. 2. The most important theoretical aspects that play a role in the process of historical understanding. 3. A statistlcal analysis of the results obtained from the pupils and teachers, with attention to those factors that may have influenced the results e.g. verbal IQ, age, interest, etc. 4. The quality of the teachers' and pupils' answers as well as examples from their work to illustrate certain aspects. 5. The most important conclusions that can be drawn from the research. Based on their answers to the graded questions the pupils were grouped into different levels to ascertain whether a significant pattern would emerge for each standard. It became clear, however, that irrespective of age or verbal IQ the pupils could not consistently be grouped into a specific level or category. The most important conclusions of the research are the following: 1. The ability of senior primary pupils to cope with intellectually stimulating material are underestimated. 2. A variety of factors influenced the results of the pupils, but not one of the factors studied in this research was found to be of significant importance. 3. The average primary teacher do have the potential ability to cope with more difficult historical material than the present factual approach would suggest.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
An examination of the use of the contextual question in examining Shakespeare's plays at the standard ten level in Cape Education Department schools
- Authors: Mullineux, Peter Newton
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Study and teaching , English literature -- Examinations, questions, etc. , English literature -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1346 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001412
- Description: Six years as a sub-examiner of both literature and written work made me aware of a personal dissatisfaction with the system of examining. This research examines in detail the use of the contextual question in examining Shakespeare's plays. The main concern has been to try to deduce what constitutes a good set of contextual questions. This area appears to have attracted little detailed research. However, there is much general writing on the teaching of literature. There is no major conclusion in the dissertation but rather a series of conclusions related to the concept of the contextual question. These are summarised towards the end of chapter three. Some general recommendations appear at the end of chapter three as a sub-heading. The findings of this investigation indicate a need for further research into the system of examining literature in the Cape. It is hoped that teachers and examiners reading this dissertation will be able to use the findings to provide a possible framework for the setting of sound contextual questions
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Mullineux, Peter Newton
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Study and teaching , English literature -- Examinations, questions, etc. , English literature -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1346 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001412
- Description: Six years as a sub-examiner of both literature and written work made me aware of a personal dissatisfaction with the system of examining. This research examines in detail the use of the contextual question in examining Shakespeare's plays. The main concern has been to try to deduce what constitutes a good set of contextual questions. This area appears to have attracted little detailed research. However, there is much general writing on the teaching of literature. There is no major conclusion in the dissertation but rather a series of conclusions related to the concept of the contextual question. These are summarised towards the end of chapter three. Some general recommendations appear at the end of chapter three as a sub-heading. The findings of this investigation indicate a need for further research into the system of examining literature in the Cape. It is hoped that teachers and examiners reading this dissertation will be able to use the findings to provide a possible framework for the setting of sound contextual questions
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989