A successful cognitive-behavioural intervention that failed : a case study of adolescent conduct disorder at a school for the disadvantaged
- Mashalaba, Eugenia D, Edwards, David J A
- Authors: Mashalaba, Eugenia D , Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6273 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008273
- Description: Conduct Disorder (CD) is a widespread problem in southern Africa. The aim of the study was to design, implement and evaluate a multi-modal cognitive-behavioural intervention based on treatments developed overseas, in order to investigate whether this approach can be transported to a South African school for deprived children. The target adolescent had a history of severely disruptive behaviour and was facing expulsion from a shelter for homeless children and his school. A thorough assessment served as the basis for a case formulation and treatment plan. Intervention included 23 individual sessions focussing on bereavement and the learning of self-control skills and prosocial behaviours, as well as contingency management training for school and shelter staff. Progress was tracked with a behaviour checklist completed daily by the teacher and regular interviews with school and shelter staff. After four months, the disruptive behaviour was eliminated. However, he was involved in stealing with some other learners and expelled anyway. Nevertheless the case study provides evidence for the transportability of the cognitive-behavioural approach to this kind of setting and documents the way in which a comprehensive intervention can be tailored to the needs of a child with a severely deprived background and little social support.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Mashalaba, Eugenia D , Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6273 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008273
- Description: Conduct Disorder (CD) is a widespread problem in southern Africa. The aim of the study was to design, implement and evaluate a multi-modal cognitive-behavioural intervention based on treatments developed overseas, in order to investigate whether this approach can be transported to a South African school for deprived children. The target adolescent had a history of severely disruptive behaviour and was facing expulsion from a shelter for homeless children and his school. A thorough assessment served as the basis for a case formulation and treatment plan. Intervention included 23 individual sessions focussing on bereavement and the learning of self-control skills and prosocial behaviours, as well as contingency management training for school and shelter staff. Progress was tracked with a behaviour checklist completed daily by the teacher and regular interviews with school and shelter staff. After four months, the disruptive behaviour was eliminated. However, he was involved in stealing with some other learners and expelled anyway. Nevertheless the case study provides evidence for the transportability of the cognitive-behavioural approach to this kind of setting and documents the way in which a comprehensive intervention can be tailored to the needs of a child with a severely deprived background and little social support.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
Critical perspectives on research on post-traumatic stress disorder and implications for the South African context
- Authors: Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6228 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007778
- Description: This article introduces a special issue of the Journal of Psychology in Africa on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Africa and particularly in South Africa and examines the critical debate that has surrounded PTSD research. It begins with an examination of the meaning of the term trauma, and of its specialised use within the clinical context and with respect to the concept of PTSD. The diagnostic approach to the detection of PTSD is presented, criteria in the DSM-IV-TR and the ICD-10 are summarised and differences between the two manuals are discussed. Arguments presented by critics of the concept of PTSD are presented and discussed. These concern the historical evolution of the concept, concerns about the universality of PTSD cross-culturally, and problems arising from understanding human suffering from a narrow medical perspective. It is concluded that while there are dangers in thinking of the sequelae of trauma as a medical/psychiatric problem, and while the alarming rate of traumatic events needs to be addressed at the political, economic and societal level, there is an important place for the provision of assessment and treatment of PTSD within a psychiatric/psychological clinical setting.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6228 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007778
- Description: This article introduces a special issue of the Journal of Psychology in Africa on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Africa and particularly in South Africa and examines the critical debate that has surrounded PTSD research. It begins with an examination of the meaning of the term trauma, and of its specialised use within the clinical context and with respect to the concept of PTSD. The diagnostic approach to the detection of PTSD is presented, criteria in the DSM-IV-TR and the ICD-10 are summarised and differences between the two manuals are discussed. Arguments presented by critics of the concept of PTSD are presented and discussed. These concern the historical evolution of the concept, concerns about the universality of PTSD cross-culturally, and problems arising from understanding human suffering from a narrow medical perspective. It is concluded that while there are dangers in thinking of the sequelae of trauma as a medical/psychiatric problem, and while the alarming rate of traumatic events needs to be addressed at the political, economic and societal level, there is an important place for the provision of assessment and treatment of PTSD within a psychiatric/psychological clinical setting.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
From trauma debriefing to trauma support: a South African experience of responding to individuals and communities in the aftermath of traumatising events
- Van Wyk, G, Edwards, David J A
- Authors: Van Wyk, G , Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6267 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008266
- Description: This paper documents the approach and experience of Traumaclinic, a Cape Town based organisation offering a trauma support service. The controversy over single session debriefing interventions is examined and it is concluded that interventions that invite intense emotional expression should not be offered indiscriminately or forced on those who do not want them. When they do occur, they need to be carefully managed and take place over several sessions. A review of contemporary approaches to intervention following trauma highlights their comprehensive and flexible nature and the inclusion of multiple components that are introduced in a manner responsive to the needs of the situation. This is the basis of the current model used by Traumaclinic. The principles of that model are summarised and examples given of the application of the approach to specific cases.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Van Wyk, G , Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6267 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008266
- Description: This paper documents the approach and experience of Traumaclinic, a Cape Town based organisation offering a trauma support service. The controversy over single session debriefing interventions is examined and it is concluded that interventions that invite intense emotional expression should not be offered indiscriminately or forced on those who do not want them. When they do occur, they need to be carefully managed and take place over several sessions. A review of contemporary approaches to intervention following trauma highlights their comprehensive and flexible nature and the inclusion of multiple components that are introduced in a manner responsive to the needs of the situation. This is the basis of the current model used by Traumaclinic. The principles of that model are summarised and examples given of the application of the approach to specific cases.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
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