List of Titles

"Freelance mystic": individuation, mythopoeia and metafiction in the early fiction of Russell Hoban

Authors: Rumbold, Matthew Ivan
Date: 2007 , 2013-06-26
Subjects: Hoban, Russell -- Criticism and interpretation
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
Identifier: vital:2257 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004455
Description: This thesis is an exploration of three interrelated modes - the psychological, the religious or mythopoeic, and the metafictional - in the early novels of Russell Hoban. It investigates the relationship between Hoban's religious vision and his literary style, through the lens of his 'fictional philosophy' as it is presented in his essay collection The Moment under the Moment. In Chapter One, Kleinzeit is analysed to illustrate Hoban's portrayal of a contemporary crisis of meaning. It includes an introduction to the pattern of individuation and an exposition of Hoban's unique notion of heroism as embodied in Kleinzeit's journey of self-discovery. Hoban's mythopoeic impulse is elucidated with particular reference to his use of the Orpheus and Eurydice myth. Finally, in an attempt to demonstrate Hoban's ideas on the relationship between language and reality, various metafictional techniques are examined, especially in relation to the theme of transcendence. In Chapter Two, the individuation theme in The Medusa Frequenry is considered as a work of mourning, portraying Herman Orfrs movement towards reconciliation and creative renewal. Following Paul Ricoeur, the Orpheus and Eurydice myth is seen as a myth of fault, embodying a primal transgression, and a source of the creative arts. The metafictional style is examined, especially the narrative mode, in order to show how Hoban dissolves the everyday world of reality into a fantastic realm of myth. Chapter Three focuses on the individuation pattern as initiation in Riddley Walker, charting the hero's growth into adulthood. Various myths in the text are analysed to show how they portray human development and the nuclear catastrophe as a mythic Fall. The chapter argues that through Riddley's quest Hoban evokes a redemptive and regenerative fertility myth. The unique literary style of the novel, including the characteristics of 'Riddleyspeak' and the complexity of the process of interpretation is studied. In Chapter Four, which deals with Pilgermann, the final phase of individuation - preparation for death - is discussed. Hoban's religious vision is dissected in relation to his mystical impulse as exemplified in the construction of the Hidden Lion pattern. Hoban's notion of God is investigated in relation to the philosophical problem of evil and suffering. Finally, Pilger mann is shown to be Hoban's mOSt experimental literary novel as it activates his recurring meta fictional techniques, investigations into narrative, and the relationship between language and the sacred. This thesis concludes that Hoban's fiction is best understood holistically with both his religious and literary concerns inextricably entwined. Throughout his novels Hoban explores the human condition in modernity affirming the paradoxical, dialectical and mysterious nature of being. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
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Date Issued: 2007

"Glory is temporary, brain injury may be forever" : a neuropsychological study on the cumulative effects of sports-related concussive brain injury amongst Grade 12 school boy athletes

- Whitefield, Victoria Jane

Authors: Whitefield, Victoria Jane
Date: 2007
Subjects: Sports injuries Sports injuries -- Psychological aspects Brain damage Brain -- Concussion Neuropsychological tests Head -- Wounds and injuries -- Complications Head -- Wounds and injuries
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DSc
Identifier: vital:3104 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004471
Description: The study investigated the long-term neuropsychological effects of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) due to participation in a contact sport amongst South African final year male high school athletes (N=189). The sample was divided by sports affiliation (Contact n = 115; Non-Contact n = 74) and concussion history (2+ Concussion n = 43; 0 Concussion n = 108). Comparative subgroups were statistically equivalent for age, education and estimated IQ (P > 0.05), with the Contact sport groups having markedly higher incidences of concussion than controls (p < 0.000). Measures included the ImPACT Verbal and Visual Memory, Visuomotor Speed and Reaction Time Composites, Digit Symbol Substitution and Digit Symbol Incidental Recall (immediate and delayed), the ImPACT Symptom Scale and a Post-concussion Symptom (PCS) questionnaire. Independent t-tests on cognitive measures at pre-and post-season revealed a predominant trend of Contact and 2+ Concussion groups performing worse, although only ImPACT Reaction Time at pre-season reached significance (p = 0.014). PCS comparisons revealed an overwhelming tendency of enhanced symptoms for Contact and 2+ Concussion groups with total scores being significantly different in most instances at pre-and post-season. Fatigue and aggression were the symptoms most pervasively high for the Contact and 2+ Concussion groups. Dependent t-test analyses at pre- versus post-season, revealed significant practice effects for the Contact group, not in evidence for controls on ImPACT Visual Motor Speed and Digit Symbol Incidental Recall-Delayed. Overall the results imply the possible presence of lingering neurocognitive and symptomatic concussion sequelae amongst South African final year high school participants of a contact sport. The indications gain potency when understood against the background of (i) Brain Reserve Capacity threshold theory, and (ii) the known risk of Type II error in group MTBI research, that might result in under-emphasis of subtle effects and miscalculation of cost-benefit risks. Clinical implications, and the need for prospective case-based research to ratify the results of this predominantly cross-sectional study, are discussed.
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Date Issued: 2007

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"Muscled Presence": Douglas Livingstone's poem "Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Black Snake"

- Everitt, M, Wylie, D

Authors: Everitt, M , Wylie, D
Date: 2007
Language: English
Type: Article
Identifier: vital:2262 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004642
Description: Douglas Livingstone's poem "Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Black Snake" is an artwork which addresses precisely these questions, seeking a manner of portraying the snake which is neither grossly appropriative nor wholly detached, neither ethically empty nor preachy. In its multi-angled structure, Livingstone attempts aesthetically "to establish and embellish ... a contact zone with the nonhuman animals who share our world with us, but accepting also that there exist considerable venues on either side of this contact zone that are, on the one hand, only human, and on the other hand, only nonhuman". Even in his more formally scientific work, Livingstone argues for the inevitability of such limits to knowledge, and for the value of the imagination in addressing them.
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Date Issued: 2007

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'Alternative foods' and community-based development : Rooibos tea production in South Africa's West Coast mountains

- Nel, Etienne L, Binns, Tony, Bek, David

Authors: Nel, Etienne L , Binns, Tony , Bek, David
Date: 2007
Language: English
Type: Article
Identifier: vital:6718 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006791
Description: Rooibos tee (red bush tea) (Aspalathus linearis, Fabaceae), which is indigenous only to the Cedarberg and neighbouring mountains of South Africa, has become popular internationally as a result of its apparent health-giving properties. Situated within the broader contexts of alternative food networks, alternate economic spaces and local/community-based development, this paper examines how two marginalised communities have successfully penetrated international markets by supplying organically produced rooibos tea which is certified by the international Fairtrade system. Focusing on the cases of Wupperthal and Heiveld, the paper explores the dynamics of the production and marketing process and the key variables involved. Success has been achieved through active NGO support, which has engaged with local skills and social capital, and has led to significant social and economic upliftment among the participating communities. The experience illustrates how, given the right conditions, poor communities in the South might participate successfully in global alternative food networks.
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Date Issued: 2007

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10 Years of IEASA history

- International Education Association of South Africa (IEASA), Jooste, Nico

Authors: International Education Association of South Africa (IEASA) , Jooste, Nico
Date: 2007
Subjects: International Education Association of South Africa -- History , Education, Higher -- South Africa , Education and globalization -- South Africa Student mobility -- Africa International education -- South Africa Education, Higher -- International cooperation , Universities and colleges -- South Africa , Technical Institutes -- South Africa , Vocational guidance -- South Africa
Language: English
Type: text , book
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/65356 , vital:28752 , ISBN 1920176004
Description: [Preface - Nico Jooste]: For more than ten years, we have been involved in implementing internationalisation of South African Higher Education. The we I am referring too, are those who are both visionaries and passionately dedicated to the process of internationalisation. A small group of South African Higher Education administrators, academics and senior managers involved themselves in the process of internationalisation of their institutions, and collectively the South African system. This process of internationalisation started as an uncoordinated response to the demands of a South African higher education system that was determined to break with the past, and re-connect with global higher education, it was left to a few dedicated visionaries to create the support structure that would not only assist the higher education institutions, but also the system. The other bodies that were supposed to pay attention to this very important aspect of Higher Education in the 21st century were too busy with other, equally important, matters. It became clear that the priorities of organisations like SAUVCA were not internationalisation, and IEASA was established as the vehicle to promote it. This story of IEASA needed to be told. This book is not aimed at IEASA members only, but also at the broader higher education public. This is the story of an organisation that touched all parts of South African Higher Education society as well as the broader society. It is partly the ‘corporate memory’ of Internationalisation, as well as a reflection on achievements. Ten years looked like a short period to reflect on an organisations history, I am however of the opinion that in a society that is changing so rapidly, we need to reflect more frequently on the past so that we can plan a better future. For any historian operating in the modem era of electronic communication, access to sources of information has become a major challenge. IEASA, Thilor Manikam in particular, needs to be commended for the accurate record keeping of events over the past ten years. Kirstin Nussgruber very diligently captured the efforts of the forces driving the establishment of IEASA for the first two years. This book was mainly based on evidence gathered from minutes, reports and letters that are in the possession of the IEASA Office. I also had the privilege, and advantage, to be a member of the Executive Committee for the past five years. This book cannot be the last word on IEASA, as it is only the view of a member. The bias is thus toward IEASA and focusses mainly on its achievements. Chapter 3 focusses mainly on the achievements of a voluntary organisation. The efforts over the ten years of three persons namely. Roshen Kishun as President, Derek Swemmer as Treasurer, and Thilor Manikam as the Administrator stood out, and was the stabilising factor during the foundation years. The role of Roshen Kishun in the publication of Study South African cannot be underestimated. Without his vision, drive and effort, this publication would not be preparing for the launch of the seventh edition. It is a unique source of information about South African Higher Education. Very few other systems, if any. produce such a publication. Although the author was requested by the IEASA Executive Committee to write this book, the views expressed in this publication is not the views of the Executive Committee, but that of the author.
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Date Issued: 2007

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A business model for SMME's in the telecommunications sector in the Border Region

- Oberholzer, Stephanus Marius

Authors: Oberholzer, Stephanus Marius
Date: 2007
Subjects: Business planning -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Telecommunication -- Planning -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Business enterprises -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
Identifier: vital:8736 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/795 , Business planning -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Telecommunication -- Planning -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Business enterprises -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
Description: The telecommunications landscape in South Africa is changing. The monopolistic nature of the sector, previously dominated by Telkom has come to an end. Telecommunications companies, in particular SMMEs face the opportunity as well as challenges to find new ways of doing business successfully in this changing landscape. The research problem states a business model for SMMEs in the telecommunications sector. The author’s research is aimed to assist SMMEs in this sector to reposition them and be successful. The literature review focused on the local telecommunications market in South Africa, a comparisons between telecommunications markets in relation to other countries with similarities in their telecoms sectors as well as the opportunities and challenges SMMEs face in the market space. Regulation and new technologies pose opportunities but also potential dangers for business owners to conduct business. Traditionally, a typical resell model would be fully dependant on the way the monopolist determined the shape and structures of small companies, but the research indicated innovation and creativity will be the drivers to be successful today. The research design was done by using a survey questionnaire to telecoms end users. The literature review and a survey aimed at the consumer market were done and the findings highlights focus areas where SMMEs need to direct their energy and resources in to establish the business model. With reference to both the literature review and the empirical findings, the business model can be formulated and supported by a strong entrepreneurial person or group of people. In addition, the recommended business-level strategy is an integrated and coordinated set of commitments and actions the SMMEs will use to gain a competitive advantage by exploiting core competencies in specific telecoms markets.
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Date Issued: 2007

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A case study : tracing the development of emergent literacy in a Grade R class

- Hodgskiss, Jennifer Adelé

Authors: Hodgskiss, Jennifer Adelé
Date: 2007
Subjects: Literacy -- Study and teaching (Preschool) -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Literacy -- Social Aspects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Language acquisition -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
Identifier: vital:1443 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003324
Description: The introduction of the new curriculum in South Africa has introduced a new approach to literacy in the early years of the Foundation Phase (Grade R – 1), which has a strong emphasis on emergent literacy. The National Curriculum Statement (NCS) for English – Home Language describes this approach as balanced “because it begins with children’s emergent literacy, it involves them in reading real books and writing for genuine purposes, and it gives attention to phonics”. For many teachers in South Africa, this means moving away from the “reading readiness approach” which held that children were not ready to read and write until they were able to perform sub-skills such as auditory discrimination and visual discrimination, and had developed their fine and large motor skills to a certain level. The purpose of this study was to trace and document children’s emergent literacy development in a Grade R class over a period of two months. More specifically, the intention was to investigate whether it was possible for trained, motivated teachers who have access to everyday resources in otherwise ordinary South African schools, to achieve the Assessment Standards set out in the NCS for Home Language in Grade R. In this school-based case study, the sample consisted of 4 children from 1 preschool in Queenstown, South Africa. The participants were selected according to gender and language because these appear to be significant factors in literacy development. The interpretive approach was used to collect and analyse data. Data were gathered from three main sources; (1) a research journal, (2) semi-structured interviews with the parents of the 4 participants, and (3) samples of the participants’ spontaneous writing. These were then triangulated to give credibility, objectivity and validity to the interpretation of the data. The findings revealed that: (1) Social class, language and to a lesser extent gender emerged as factors which impacted significantly on the children’s literacy development, resulting in some children progressing more quickly than others. In South Africa, language is an indicator of social class. The English-speaking children had a socioeconomic and language advantage which enabled them to make considerable strides in their literacy development. In contrast, the Xhosa-speaking children were disadvantaged by their socioeconomic and language circumstances, which made their literacy progress much slower. (2) The disparities between the English and Xhosa-speaking children in terms of the stability and structure of their families, had a considerable impact on their literacy performance. (3) Finally, teachers in English medium classes need to be aware of these factors. They need to design strategies and interventions to help those children who are learning in their additional language to achieve at similar levels to their English-speaking peers. If this is not done, the gap between the literacy achievements of the English-speakers and speakers of other languages will get wider and wider as time goes by.
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Date Issued: 2007

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A case study of the multiple contextual factors that impact on the reading competencies of grade 3 non-mother tongue speakers of English in a Grahamstown Primary School in the Eastern Cape, South Africa

- Leander, Elizabeth Alice

Authors: Leander, Elizabeth Alice
Date: 2007
Subjects: Education, Elementary -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Case studies English language -- Study and teaching (Elementary) -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Case studies Language and education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Case studies Language policy -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
Identifier: vital:2374 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005913
Description: This study explores what happens in a reading class where grade 3 learners from specific cultural and ethnic backgrounds are taught to read in a language other than their mother-tongue. The research takes place at a primary school in the Eastern Cape, South Africa where English is the Medium of Instruction (MOI).The report on the findings of this research reveals that the teaching strategies and reading theories of the teacher, the literacy backgrounds of the learners, as well as the language preferences of the parents, are some of the contextual factors that impact on reading. One of the major findings in the study constitutes the debilitating effects of the learners' socio- economic circumstances on their reading performances in the classroom. The socio-political factors that impact on the learners, the teacher, and the school as a social unit, proved to be the factors that are remnants of the Apartheid segregation polices as well as the educational policies of the present government, especially, those pertaining to mother-tongue Instruction. Although it is difficult to generalize from a small-scale study like this, its benefits lie in the evidence that confirms the influence of specific contextual factors on reading proficiencies, the evidence that identifies poor and effective teaching practices and the evidence that elucidate the implications of non-mother tongue instruction. This research may thus serve to raise the consciousness of practitioners in reading instruction, parents and policy makers. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
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Date Issued: 2007

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A code of practice for practitioners in private healthcare: a privacy perspective

- Harvey, Brett D

Authors: Harvey, Brett D
Date: 2007
Subjects: Information storage and retrieval systems -- Medical care , Medical records -- Data processing , Privacy, Right of Comparative studies
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
Identifier: vital:9735 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/521 , Information storage and retrieval systems -- Medical care , Medical records -- Data processing , Privacy, Right of Comparative studies
Description: Whereas there are various initiatives to standardize the storage, processing and use of electronic patient information in the South African health sector, the sector is fragmented through the adoption of various approaches on national, provincial and district levels. Divergent IT systems are used in the public and private health sectors (“Recommendations of the Committee on …” 2003). Furthermore, general practitioners in some parts of the country still use paper as a primary means of documentation and storage. Nonetheless, the use of computerized systems is increasing, even in the most remote rural areas. This leads to the exposure of patient information to various threats that are perpetuated through the use of information technology. Irrespective of the level of technology adoption by practitioners in private healthcare practice, the security and privacy of patient information remains of critical importance. The disclosure of patient information whether intentional or not, can have dire consequences for a patient. In general, the requirements pertaining to the privacy of patient information are controlled and enforced through the adoption of legislation by the governing body of a country. Compared with developed nations, South Africa has limited legislation to help enforce privacy in the health sector. Conversely, Australia, New Zealand and Canada have some of the most advanced legislative frameworks when it comes to the privacy of patient information. In this dissertation, the Australian, New Zealand, Canadian and South African health sectors and the legislation they have in place to ensure the privacy of health information, will be investigated. Additionally, codes of practice and guidelines on privacy of patient information for GPs, in the afore-mentioned countries, will be investigated to form an idea as to what is needed in creating and formulating a new code of practice for the South African GP, as well as a pragmatic tool (checklist) to check adherence to privacy requirements.
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Date Issued: 2007

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A comparative analysis of mental illness as a defence in criminal law

- Sitole, Sizakele Elias

Authors: Sitole, Sizakele Elias
Date: 2007
Subjects: Insanity (Law) -- South Africa , Insanity defense -- South Africa , Mentally ill offenders -- South Africa , Mental health laws -- South Africa , Offenders with mental disabilities -- South Africa
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
Identifier: vital:10265 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/843 , Insanity (Law) -- South Africa , Insanity defense -- South Africa , Mentally ill offenders -- South Africa , Mental health laws -- South Africa , Offenders with mental disabilities -- South Africa
Description: This dissertation deals with the comparative analysis of mental illness as a defence in criminal law. The mental illness / insanity defence is deemed applicable when the accused does not have mens rea or lacks criminal responsibility or is afflicted by the inability to appreciate the wrongfulness of his act and act accordingly, at the time of the commission of the offence due to a pathological disturbance of the mental faculties. A review of the law in South Africa, English Law and United States of America law was done with regard to their approach in connection with the matter. The legal systems of South Africa, English Law and the United States of America were compared and analyzed because English Law and United States of America are developed countries and I decided to compare their approach to insanity defence with reference to South Africa, which is a developing country. Similarities were drawn between South Africa and English Law and this could be attributed to the fact that South African law emanated from English law. This is an important research topic on comparative analysis of mental illness as a defence in criminal law. The law applicable today in South Africa in respect of the defence of mental illness is combined in the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977, which replaced the criteria as set out in the M’Naghten rules and the irresistible impulse test. In all the three countries law that were compared the burden of proof has always been on the accused to prove his case on a balance of probabilities but in South Africa the position now is he who alleges must prove because of the legislative amendments. United States of America law allows for the forcible medication with drugs of the mentally ill defendants who are charged with crimes so that they can be fit to stand trial. This is the only country in the ones that were analyzed, which practices such a barbaric and inhuman acts. In the USA , the defendant has the burden of proving the defence of insanity by clear and convincing evidence, and the finding in not guilty by reason of insanity, English law, South African law has the same finding in insanity cases. The most common diagnosis used in support of a defence of insanity continues to be schizophrenia in South Africa and in English law system. In the English law system, the Home Secretary has the power to order defendant to be detained in a hospital on the basis of reports from at least two medical practitioners that the defendant is suffering from mental illness, if the minister is of the opinion that it is in the public interest to do so. In South Africa, the accused will be detained in a psychiatric hospital or a prison pending the decision of a judge in chambers. The detention of those found not guilty by reason of insanity could be challenged under the Human Rights Act in English law because the legal definition of insanity is far wider than the medical concept of mental disorder. The Drs under English Law have to use the legal, not the medical understanding of the mental disorder. The placing of a burden of proof on the defendant may be challengeable under European Convention of Human Rights as contrary to the presumption of innocence that is protected under convention. Finally this is a controversial subject on mental illness but the position in South Africa has been clear for a long time, and I did not come across any deficiencies in our law. I submit that South African law position on mental illness is good.
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Date Issued: 2007

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A comparative analysis of the environmental impact of selected low-income housing developments in the Eastern Cape Province

- Kumm, Simon

Authors: Kumm, Simon
Date: 2007
Subjects: Low-income housing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Housing policy -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
Identifier: vital:8152 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/539 , Low-income housing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Housing policy -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
Description: South Africa has a shortage of affordable housing for its poor. In order to overcome the shortage, a large number of houses need to be built. The bulk building of these houses has an effect on the environment and it is important to note whether or not this impact will be a lasting positive one or not. Governmental policies have recognised the need to create positive, sustainable settlement environments. The degree to which settlements are sustainable and reflect a positive environment is, however, a point of concern. This dissertation analyses and compares four low-income housing developments in the Eastern Cape in order to make proposals on how future low-income developments can impact more positively on their settlement environments, reduce their impact on non-renewable resources and better implement the ideals of the Development Facilitation Act. This was done in order to meet the expectations put in place by Government policies and to correct the historical shortcomings of South Africa’s low-income settlement provision. The method used was to determine, through literature study, a set of factors that most prominently impacted on low-income settlement environments. These were then compiled into a model, which was then used to analyse and compare existing settlements. This elicited a set of conclusions based on the findings and provided strategies for future settlements to follow to meet the research’s stated ideals. The literature study revealed a myriad of important principles that fell into six main categories that impacted on settlement environments. Furthermore, it was discovered that each of these principles should be assessed in the context of their human and natural environments as well as their effect at the scale of the unit, the settlement and the city. The analysis and comparison of the settlements revealed that all six of the model’s categories performed poorly in at least two of the four settlements analysed, a strong indication that the implementation of the model’s principles was not being successfully achieved in low-income settlements. It further revealed specific areas requiring attention in future developments. The analysis also revealed positive areas of implementation from each settlement that can be used in future settlements to meet the stated ideals of creating a positive impact on their settlement environments, reducing their impact on non-renewable resources and better implementing the ideals of the Development Facilitation Act. The study recommends that future settlements avoid the negative practices identified in these settlements and implement the positive strategies proposed for the benefit of future settlement environments.
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Date Issued: 2007

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A comparison between the game and hunting industries in KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape

- Kobus, Louann

Authors: Kobus, Louann
Date: 2007
Subjects: Big game hunting -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Big game hunting -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Hunting -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Hunting -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Game farms -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Game farms -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
Identifier: vital:10590 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/534 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011724 , Big game hunting -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Big game hunting -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Hunting -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Hunting -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Game farms -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Game farms -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
Description: The objectives of this research, were to investigate the characteristics and develop a profile of the game and hunting industries of KwaZulu-Natal, and to undertake a comparison between the game and hunting industries in KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape. The comparative part of this study was completed using results obtained from a study done in 2002 in the Eastern Cape (van Niekerk, 2002). The main farming activities in KwaZulu-Natal are large livestock production and sugar cane production. In recent years, private landowners in KwaZulu-Natal have undergone a transition from livestock production to game ranching due to the problems faced and the cost implications of the HIV epidemic, stock theft, difficulties faced with changes in the labour laws and the increasing number of land claims against farmers. Although the game and hunting industries are relatively young industries in KwaZulu-Natal they contribute significantly to the economy of the province. Not only is greater conservation of the biodiversity more effective in game ranching but it is also proving to yield great economic returns. The increase in game ranching in recent years is namely due to the monetary value placed on wildlife, the increased value in ecotourism and its value as an earner of foreign exchange, less dependency on unskilled labour than that of livestock farming and lower rates of animal loss through theft compared to that of livestock farming. In KwaZulu-Natal game numbers indicate that impala have the greatest population amongst the respondents, followed by nyala, blesbok, common reedbuck, kudu and blue wildebeest, whilst other game species occur in smaller numbers. Respondents in KwaZulu-Natal indicate that nyala is the largest economic earner for them followed by buffalo, whereas in the Eastern Cape (2002), kudu and springbok provide the greatest income for the province. In KwaZulu-Natal income generated from hunting is second to that of live game sales compared to the Eastern Cape (2002) where hunting is the most important form of game utilisation in terms of income generated. At the time of this study, respondents in KwaZulu-Natal reported an income of R 15 382 397 generated from live sales and R 13 561 459 from hunting. These respondents also indicated that the total value of game utilised annually was in excess of R 30 million. Although game utilisation is occurring on a sustainable basis, there is room for greater utilisation of some game species which, if undertaken correctly, can increase the revenue for the province significantly and also contribute positively to further sustainability of the game populations. KwaZulu-Natal’s competitive advantage is derived from the fact that there is an abundance of game on the ranches, quality trophy animals are available, the number of game species available for hunting and quality of service rendered to hunters by the professional hunters and ranch owners. This study has clearly shown that there is a need for further investigation into the game and hunting industries in KwaZulu-Natal.
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Date Issued: 2007

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A comparison of the labour dispute resolution systems of South Africa and Swaziland

- Majinda, Maseko Moses

Authors: Majinda, Maseko Moses
Date: 2007
Subjects: Labor disputes -- South Africa , Labor disputes -- Swaziland , Dispute resolution (Law) -- South Africa , Dispute resolution (Law) -- Swaziland , Mediation and conciliation, Industrial -- South Africa , Mediation and conciliation, Industrial -- Swaziland
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
Identifier: vital:10204 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/833 , Labor disputes -- South Africa , Labor disputes -- Swaziland , Dispute resolution (Law) -- South Africa , Dispute resolution (Law) -- Swaziland , Mediation and conciliation, Industrial -- South Africa , Mediation and conciliation, Industrial -- Swaziland
Description: History and Background: The history of statutory labour dispute resolution of South Africa dates back to 1909, when the Transvaal Disputes Prevention Act of 1909 was promulgated which applied only to the Transvaal. The Industrial Conciliation Act of 1924 established industrial councils and ad hoc conciliation boards and excluded black workers from the statutory definition of employee and this resulted in a dual industrial relations system that existed up to 1979. The history of statutory labour dispute resolution of Swaziland dates back to 1980 when the first Industrial Relations Act of 1980 was promulgated which established the first Industrial Court. Research Findings: The dispute resolution systems of South Africa and Swaziland contain both similarities and differences. Lessons for Swaziland include combining general and specific dispute resolution procedures, providing the right of a referring party to apply for condonation for late referral of a dispute, using conciliation-arbitration, making arbitration proceedings public hearings, influence of parties on the appointment of arbitrators, court adjudication, pre-dismissal arbitration, court adjudication by judges only, establishment of a constitutional court, full protection of protected strikes/ lockouts from interdicts, legalization of sympathy strikes, and removal of strikes/ lockout ballot. Lessons for South Africa include plural representation of parties at conciliation and arbitration, re-direction of some disputes by the Labour Court to the Commission for arbitration, reporting of labour disputes direct to the Head of State for determination.
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Date Issued: 2007

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A comparison of the vulcanisation of Polyisoprene by a range of Thiuram Diulfides

- Van Rooyen, Jason Leigh

Authors: Van Rooyen, Jason Leigh
Date: 2007
Subjects: Vulcanization , Vulcanization accelerators
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
Identifier: vital:10399 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/733 , Vulcanization , Vulcanization accelerators
Description: This study was initiated in an attempt to investigate dithiocarbamic acid accelerated sulfur vulcanisation. This was, however, found impossible due to the innate instability of dithiocarbamic acids. The focus of the study was then shifted toward thiuram disulfide accelerated sulfur vulcanisation, with emphasis being placed on a rate comparison. Three groups of accelerators were investigated, namely the aromatic, linear aliphatic and cyclic aliphatic thiuram disulfide adducts. The analysis methods that were employed were conventional rubber (cis-1,4-polyisoprene) techniques coupled to model (squalene) compound investigations. The data that was collected consisted of rheometrical torque vs. time data in the rubber system while the data obtained in the model compound study consisted of sulfur and accelerator concentration data as determined by means of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The aromatic accelerators were synthesised in our labs by means of an addition reaction between the aromatic amine and CS2 in basic medium and subsequent oxidation with K3Fe(CN)6, all in a 1:1 molar ratio. The reaction yield was low due to the instability of the dithiocarbamate intermediates and a sluggish oxidation reaction. In the rate constant determination a first order mathematical approach was used for the rubber system as crosslinking is considered to roughly obey first order kinetics. The model compound data was also found to more accurately fit the first order rate law, with an initial slopes method also being applied to the system to determine secondary rate constants and relative rates for the system. The determination of vulcanisation rate constants in the cis-1,4-polyisoprene system was a success, while the rate data determined by means of the squalene model was more related to the rate of accelerator and sulfur consumption as opposed to the rate of crosslinking as is the case with the rubber rate data. The sulfur first order rate data mirrored the rate data derived from the rubber system more closely than the corresponding accelerator rate data, the relative rate data determined by means of initial slopes method, proved that the homolytic cleavage of thiuram disulfides and the subsequent formation of accelerator polysulfides were not limiting steps. This is seen in the similar relative rate data derived from both the raw sulfur and accelerator data in systems that exhibit vastly different vulcanisation rates. Squalene was deemed a suitable model for the cis-1,4-polyisoprene system, although one should consider the extent of charring and solution effects in the individual systems to account for possible incongruities that may be observed between the rubber and simulated system. The lack of agreement between the rubber and model compound rate constant data lies in the fact that the rate of crosslinking is not simplistically related to the rate at which accelerator and sulfur is consumed, this being especially true for the rate at which the accelerator is consumed. Thus the discussion over the acceleratory rates in the various accelerator systems was limited to observations made in the rubber system, with the model compound data was used exclusively to elucidate mechanistic processes. It was discovered that the groups of accelerators examined, namely linear, cyclic and aromatic thiuram disulfide adducts, produced vastly varied rate data. The aromatic thiuram disulfide adducts had only a slight acceleratory effect on the rate of vulcanisation as compared to the unaccelerated sulfur system. The morpholine adduct had a moderately larger rate of acceleration followed by tetramethyl and tetrethylthiuram disulfide, with N’N-dicyclopentamethylenethiuram disulfide having the fastest rate of acceleration.
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Date Issued: 2007

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A contingent valuation of river water inflows into the Swartkops, Kariega, Mngazi and Mngazana Estuaries in the Eastern Cape

- Mlangeni, Moses Mbendela

Authors: Mlangeni, Moses Mbendela
Date: 2007
Subjects: Contingent valuation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Water quality management -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Swartkops Estuary (Eastern Cape, South Africa) , Kariega Estuary (Eastern Cape, South Africa) , Mngazi Estuary (Eastern Cape, South Africa) , Mngazana Estuary (Eastern Cape, South Africa)
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
Identifier: vital:9004 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/569 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011690 , Contingent valuation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Water quality management -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Swartkops Estuary (Eastern Cape, South Africa) , Kariega Estuary (Eastern Cape, South Africa) , Mngazi Estuary (Eastern Cape, South Africa) , Mngazana Estuary (Eastern Cape, South Africa)
Description: Many South African estuaries are currently believed to be generating lower levels of services than they used to in the past due to substantially reduced inflow of river water, among other reasons. The basis by which river water is allocated in South Africa has had to be re-examined. Local authorities are now required to integrate into their development planning sensitivity to the ways estuaries work; the relevant legislation being the Municipal Systems Act No. 32 of 2000. Sound water resource management requires that the benefits and costs of different water allocations be compared and an optimum determined. The Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) is used in this study to estimate the benefits of changing allocations of river water into estuaries. This study builds on a CVM pilot project done at the Keurbooms Estuary in the Southern Cape in year 2000 (Du Preez, 2002). Further CVM studies were conducted at the Knysna, Groot Brak and Klein Brak estuaries (Dimopolous, 2004). The CVM is a valuation technique based on answers given to carefully formulated questions on what people are willing to pay for specified changes of freshwater inflows into estuaries. The CVM depends on there being a close correspondence between expressed answers given to hypothetical questions and voluntary exchanges in competitive markets that would be entered into if money did actually change hands. The fact that it has proved very difficult to establish this correspondence has led to CVM being subject to criticism. However, many aspects of this criticism have been addressed in the form of methods to reduce biases, and the application of the technique has grown steadily in popularity during the past 25 years. Four estuaries, the Swartkops, Kariega, Mngazi and Mngazana, were surveyed as part of this study in order to determine users’ willingness to pay (WTP) for changes in freshwater inflows. Considerable research time was devoted at the estuaries getting to know how things worked around and in the estuaries. The Swartkops estuary is a permanently open system within the Nelson Mandela Bay metropolitan area. The estuary has the third largest salt marsh in South Africa. Its banks are highly developed with residential and industrial property and it is heavily used for both recreation and subsistence fishing by locals. The Kariega estuary is located near the semi-rural town of Kenton-on-sea, between Port Elizabeth and East London. Although it is permanently open, the Kariega estuary has very low inflows of river water. It is mainly used by retired pensioners living in holiday houses at Kenton-on-sea. The Kariega is not heavily used for recreation and subsistence fishing, except during holidays and the festive season because of its proximity to other estuaries such as the Bushmans and the Kleinemond. The Mngazi and the Mngazana estuaries are located in the Wild Coast area of the Eastern Cape, in the Port St Johns Municipal district. The Mngazi is a temporarily open/closed system which does not have high botanical ratings, although it is heavily used by visitors to the well known Mngazi River Bungalows, a highly rated hotel near the mouth of the Mngazi River. The Mngazana estuary is a permanently open system renowned for its Mangrove forests and excellent fishing spots. Both the Mngazi and Mngazana estuaries are located in rural areas and are heavily used by local village residents for subsistence purposes.
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Date Issued: 2007

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A COP optimized control system for a CO₂ based automotive A/C-system

- Rapp, Tobias

Authors: Rapp, Tobias
Date: 2007
Subjects: Automobiles -- Air conditioning , Motor vehicles -- Automatic control
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
Identifier: vital:9624 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/773 , Automobiles -- Air conditioning , Motor vehicles -- Automatic control
Description: In the last few years carbon dioxide received increasing attention as a possible replacement for fluorocarbon-based refrigerants used within present automotive A/C system technology. R-134a is harmless to the ozone layer but the greenhouse effect is more than 1300 times higher than that of an equivalent amount of CO2. Alternative refrigerants are natural gasses such as propane and butane, however these gasses are considered explosive. With many objections raised it appears if CO2 will be the future refrigrant for automotive use. One concern with R-744 is its high operating pressure and suction/discharge pressure difference when compared to common refrigeration processes. A major problem with the CO2 cycle is the loss of effciency at high ambient temperatures. With a COP optimized control system for the expansion value based on pressure, temperature and mass flow of the refrigerant, an effective A/C system for CO2 could be deleloped. This resrach offers basic knowledge of refrigerant cycles and gives an overall view of the refrigerant change-over problem. With the results obtained from the experimental work a better understanding of the CO2 cycle and a better understanding towards effective A/C systems have been realized.
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Date Issued: 2007

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A critical analysis of employment equity measures in South Africa

- Laher, Ismail

Authors: Laher, Ismail
Date: 2007
Subjects: South Africa. Employment Equity Act, 1998 , Labor laws and legislation -- South Africa , Discrimination in employment -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Affirmative action programs -- Law and legislation -- South Africa
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
Identifier: vital:3680 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003195 , South Africa. Employment Equity Act, 1998 , Labor laws and legislation -- South Africa , Discrimination in employment -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Affirmative action programs -- Law and legislation -- South Africa
Description: This thesis analyses the Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998 and its application in labour law in South Africa. After an initial examination of the general concepts with regards to employment equity and current international conventions regarding employment equity, the study will move on to examine employment equity as it stands in the law today. In examining the current law regarding employment equity, a brief historical background will be offered in order to show the legacy of apartheid: the immense disparity between the different categories of South African people in the modern era. By using this background and analysing the relevant provisions of the Constitution, it will be argued that there is a very real need for employment equity measures to bring about a true sense of equality in South Africa and that such measures are fully endorsed by the Constitution. After it has been established that affirmative action is an important tool in the creation of an equal South Africa, the measures put in place to help create this equal South Africa will be critically analysed. This critical analysis will point out certain weaknesses in the current affirmative action system. Following this critical analysis of the South African employment equity law, the employment equity systems used in Brazil, Canada and Malaysia will be examined in detail. The purpose of this analysis will be to find the strengths and weaknesses and successes and failures of these foreign systems. This will be done in order to highlight those areas of the foreign systems that can be implemented into South African law in order to make the South African employment equity system stronger. The weaknesses of those systems will also be highlighted in order to learn valuable lessons from other system’s failures so that South Africa does not make the same mistakes. The final part of this thesis will be in depth discussions and the proposal of solutions to the weaknesses of the South African employment equity system that have been highlighted throughout the thesis. These proposals will be put forward in order to ensure the most efficient and effective employment equity system in South Africa. There will also be a reassessment of the most valuable lessons learned from the foreign systems that would be easily implemented into or avoided by the South African system in order to ensure an effective employment equity system. The purpose, therefore, of this thesis is to critically analyse employment equity in South Africa. A further purpose will be to propose certain amendments and changes to the current system to ensure the Employment Equity Act is reflective of the needs of the people South Africa.
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Date Issued: 2007

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A critical analysis of oppositional discourses of the ideal female body in women's conversations

- Pienaar, Kiran Merle

Authors: Pienaar, Kiran Merle
Date: 2007
Subjects: Conversation analysis Women in mass media Self-perception in women Self-perception in adolescence Body image
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
Identifier: vital:2358 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002641
Description: Socialisation agents such as the popular media and same age female peers construct and reproduce notions of what is physically ideal, feminine and beautiful in a woman (Hesse-Biber 1996). My interest lies in how a group of young women reproduce, contest and possibly transform such notions in conversations with their same age female friends. The study aims to answer the following question: What ideologies are reflected and perpetuated in the discourses associated with the ideal female body? Since notions of what is ideal and beautiful are indeterminate and in perpetual flux, I focus in particular on areas of contradiction and contestation in the body talk conversations. As such, the analysis examines three extracts in which the young women draw on oppositional discourses to construct notions of female beauty. I believe that these extracts represent discursive struggles in relation to the dominant Western ideal of the slim, toned female body, an ideal which more closely resembles a newly pubescent girl's body than the curvaceous, shapely body of an adult woman (Bartky 2003; Grogan 1998). My analysis is based on conversational data collected from sixteen, white adolescent English-speaking women between the ages of fourteen and eighteen who attend a boarding school in Grahamstown. I elicited the body talk data using three stimulus exercises designed to encourage discussion on topics such as the overweight female body, dieting and the ideal body. I selected three extracts from the recorded conversations and used the methodological framework of Critical Discourse Analysis to analyse the data. This framework proposes three interdependent stages of analysis: 1) the Description of the formal features of the text, 2) the Interpretation of the text in terms of the participants' background assumptions, the situational context and the intertextual context and 3) an Explanation of the text in light of the sociocultural context and the text's contribution to the reproduction or transformation of the status quo. Since I was present during the conversational recordings and contributed to the discussions, part of the interpretation stage of analysis critically evaluates how the asymmetrical power relations between myself and the participants influenced the conversations. In this regard, my findings attest to my coercive role in promoting conservative, reactionary discourses which sustain the dominance of traditional ideologies of female beauty and which stifle oppositional ideologies. My interpretation of the extracts also reveals that, in their discussions of topics such as excess weight, female ageing and cosmetic surgery, the young women negotiate alternative conceptions of what constitutes the ideal female body. However, the articulation of an alternative beauty ideal, one which values women of different body sizes and ages is not sustained in the extracts. By discussing the relationship between these alternative constructions and dominant norms of beauty, I show how the prevailing ideal of the youthful, slim, toned female body wins out in the conversations. The interpretation of the extracts also reveals the participants' preoccupation with the pursuit of health and well¬being. In this respect, the young women construct the ideal body as not only slim and youthful, but also healthy. In my explanation of the extracts, I explore the sociocultural factors which have contributed to the rise of the health ethic. In concluding, I argue that the valorisation of the healthy body in the conversations, far from challenging the imperative to be thin, actually reinforces it by constructing dieting as a necessary adjunct to the pursuit of health. From this perspective, the preoccupation with attaining the ideal thin, toned body can be justified in terms of a desire to be healthy.
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Date Issued: 2007

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A critical analysis of organizational communication in South African Port Operations, Port Elizabeth Division

- Mbunge, Sindiswa Marcia

Authors: Mbunge, Sindiswa Marcia
Date: 2007
Subjects: National Ports Authority of South Africa , Communication in organizations -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Business communication -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
Identifier: vital:8412 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/562 , National Ports Authority of South Africa , Communication in organizations -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Business communication -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
Description: The study is set out to analyze organizational communication at South African Port Operations (SAPO), Port Elizabeth. The analysis was based on the four formal flows of communication in an organization, which are upward communication, downward communication, horizontal communication and diagonal communication. The study was also meant to provide suggestions on how to improve communication at SAPO, Port Elizabeth especially with regard to the above mentioned flows. The literature review looked at the four different flows of communication which occurs in the organization. From the review, one can conclude that in order for an organization to function properly communication is needed to co-ordinate all the activities towards an organization’s goals. The empirical research was carried out using mainly qualitative methods of data collection. Focus group interviews were used as a method of gathering information. The sample was drawn from employees who are working for SAPO, the sample was drawn from various levels of authority within the company. The findings have revealed that there are various flows of communication at SAPO, but there needs to be improvement particularly with upward, horizontal and diagonal communication. The research also revealed that downward communication has more formal channels.
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Date Issued: 2007

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