Perceptions and experiences of ward based outreach teams in implementation of primary health care reengineering at Mhlontlo and Nyandeni Sub District in OR Tambo Health District in the Eastern Cape Province- South Africa
- Authors: Jack, Nomfanelo Mirriam
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Primary health care Nurses--South Africa--Eastern Cape Primary health care--South Africa--Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Public Health
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11085 , vital:37127
- Description: This study focused on perceptions and experiences of Ward-Based Outreach Teams in implementing Primary Health Care Re-engineering at Nyandeni and Mhlontlo Sub-Districts in OR Tambo District. Primary Health Care (PHC) is defined as essential health care, devised to be universally accessible to the community through means acceptable to them, with their full involvement and at costs that the community can afford. The National Department of Health (NDoH) introduced the new strategy of Ward-Based Outreach Teams (WBOTs) that are regarded as the key stakeholders in this effort, as they render health services at households. WBOTs are allocated in different municipal wards and are supposed to visit the population, irrespective of race, socio-economic status and geographical setting. The aim of the study was to explore and describe the perceptions and experiences of Ward-Based Outreach Teams in implementing the RPHC at Mhlontlo and Nyandeni sub-districts. The qualitative research design was employed to reach the objectives of the study. The sample used was all WBOTs who had been working for more than one year and had undergone WBOTs training for ten days. Self- structured questionnaires, one-on-one interviews and a focus group were used to collect data from different categories of WBOTs. The researcher adhered to the ethical standards of nursing research as explained by the Democratic Nursing Organization of South Africa, such as anonymity, confidentiality, privacy and quality research. Participant’s names were not written on the questionnaires. The data was analyzed using themes, categories and sub categories, the statistical package for social sciences. Bar graphs and tables were used to communicate data. The results of the study showed that WBOTs are essential to needy households and individuals. The study revealed that the job of Community Health Workers (CHWs) involved community mapping, giving health education talks, household registration, tracing of defaulters, referring needy clients to health facilities depending on severity of illnesses and building relations with other government organizations, namely the Department of Home Affairs, to help clients obtain birth certificates and identity documents, the Department of Social Development, for social problems within households, and the Department of Education, acting as partner for the overall welfare of students. The results of the study revealed that shortage of outreach teams, limited resources, inconsistence in recruitment of Health Promoters and Community Health Workers causes psychological distress, frustration, absenteeism, less concentration when serving communities and impacts on the service delivery system. Therefore,it is recommended that the Department of health should provide outreach teams with medical equipment, dedicated transport, trainings and improve recruitment and retention strategy. In conclusion, the findings of this study indicated that the department of Health has taken the right direction with this programme and that some cooperation does exist between health and other departments.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Jack, Nomfanelo Mirriam
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Primary health care Nurses--South Africa--Eastern Cape Primary health care--South Africa--Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Public Health
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11085 , vital:37127
- Description: This study focused on perceptions and experiences of Ward-Based Outreach Teams in implementing Primary Health Care Re-engineering at Nyandeni and Mhlontlo Sub-Districts in OR Tambo District. Primary Health Care (PHC) is defined as essential health care, devised to be universally accessible to the community through means acceptable to them, with their full involvement and at costs that the community can afford. The National Department of Health (NDoH) introduced the new strategy of Ward-Based Outreach Teams (WBOTs) that are regarded as the key stakeholders in this effort, as they render health services at households. WBOTs are allocated in different municipal wards and are supposed to visit the population, irrespective of race, socio-economic status and geographical setting. The aim of the study was to explore and describe the perceptions and experiences of Ward-Based Outreach Teams in implementing the RPHC at Mhlontlo and Nyandeni sub-districts. The qualitative research design was employed to reach the objectives of the study. The sample used was all WBOTs who had been working for more than one year and had undergone WBOTs training for ten days. Self- structured questionnaires, one-on-one interviews and a focus group were used to collect data from different categories of WBOTs. The researcher adhered to the ethical standards of nursing research as explained by the Democratic Nursing Organization of South Africa, such as anonymity, confidentiality, privacy and quality research. Participant’s names were not written on the questionnaires. The data was analyzed using themes, categories and sub categories, the statistical package for social sciences. Bar graphs and tables were used to communicate data. The results of the study showed that WBOTs are essential to needy households and individuals. The study revealed that the job of Community Health Workers (CHWs) involved community mapping, giving health education talks, household registration, tracing of defaulters, referring needy clients to health facilities depending on severity of illnesses and building relations with other government organizations, namely the Department of Home Affairs, to help clients obtain birth certificates and identity documents, the Department of Social Development, for social problems within households, and the Department of Education, acting as partner for the overall welfare of students. The results of the study revealed that shortage of outreach teams, limited resources, inconsistence in recruitment of Health Promoters and Community Health Workers causes psychological distress, frustration, absenteeism, less concentration when serving communities and impacts on the service delivery system. Therefore,it is recommended that the Department of health should provide outreach teams with medical equipment, dedicated transport, trainings and improve recruitment and retention strategy. In conclusion, the findings of this study indicated that the department of Health has taken the right direction with this programme and that some cooperation does exist between health and other departments.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
"Totally unacceptable" : representations of homosexuality in South African public discourse
- Mutambanengwe, Simbarashe Abel
- Authors: Mutambanengwe, Simbarashe Abel
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Independent Online , Homosexuality -- South Africa , Sexual minorities in mass media -- South Africa , Mass media and gays -- South Africa , Homophobia -- Press coverage -- South Africa , Electronic newspapers -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2882 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013259
- Description: The 1996 Constitution of South Africa is ranked as one of the most liberal and democratic constitutions in the world. The right to freedom of sexual orientation, equality and the freedom of association amongst other rights is in its Bill of Rights and are thus inherently assured and protected in post- apartheid, democratic South Africa. However, the Lesbian Gay Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) community continue to face discrimination and prejudice despite this newly established constitutional order. The present study is interested in how, in the light of the equality clause in the South African constitution, homosexuality is represented and constructed in the South African media. The thesis examines representations of homosexuality between the years 1999-2013 in articles collected from the Independent Online media site which incorporates 30 newspapers. The approach focuses on the topics, overall news report schemata, local meanings, style and rhetoric of the news reports. The results of the study show that negative attitudes towards homosexuality are framed in three main ways: homosexuality is represented as "unAfrican"; "ungodly" and "unnatural". I argue that rather than extreme forms of violence (such as "corrective rape" and murder) directed against LGBT citizens being interpreted as the aberrant behaviour of a few, these need to be understood in the context of the circulation of the above justificatory narratives.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Mutambanengwe, Simbarashe Abel
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Independent Online , Homosexuality -- South Africa , Sexual minorities in mass media -- South Africa , Mass media and gays -- South Africa , Homophobia -- Press coverage -- South Africa , Electronic newspapers -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2882 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013259
- Description: The 1996 Constitution of South Africa is ranked as one of the most liberal and democratic constitutions in the world. The right to freedom of sexual orientation, equality and the freedom of association amongst other rights is in its Bill of Rights and are thus inherently assured and protected in post- apartheid, democratic South Africa. However, the Lesbian Gay Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) community continue to face discrimination and prejudice despite this newly established constitutional order. The present study is interested in how, in the light of the equality clause in the South African constitution, homosexuality is represented and constructed in the South African media. The thesis examines representations of homosexuality between the years 1999-2013 in articles collected from the Independent Online media site which incorporates 30 newspapers. The approach focuses on the topics, overall news report schemata, local meanings, style and rhetoric of the news reports. The results of the study show that negative attitudes towards homosexuality are framed in three main ways: homosexuality is represented as "unAfrican"; "ungodly" and "unnatural". I argue that rather than extreme forms of violence (such as "corrective rape" and murder) directed against LGBT citizens being interpreted as the aberrant behaviour of a few, these need to be understood in the context of the circulation of the above justificatory narratives.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Development of high performance computing cluster for evaluation of sequence alignment algorithms
- Authors: Ngxande, Mkhuseli
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Computer Science)
- Identifier: vital:11399 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1020163
- Description: As the biological databases are increasing rapidly, there is a challenge for both Biologists and Computer Scientists to develop algorithms and databases to manage the increasing data. There are many algorithms developed to align the sequences stored in biological databases - some take time to process the data while others are inefficient to produce reasonable results. As more data is generated, and time consuming algorithms are developed to handle them, there is a need for specialized computers to handle the computations. Researchers are typically limited by the computational power of their computers. High Performance Computing (HPC) field addresses this challenge and can be used in a cost-effective manner where there is no need for expensive equipment, instead old computers can be used together to form a powerful system. This is the premise of this research, wherein the setup of a low-cost Beowulf cluster is explored, with the subsequent evaluation of its performance for processing sequent alignment algorithms. A mixed method methodology is used in this dissertation, which consists of literature study, theoretical and practise based system. This mixed method methodology also have a proof and concept where the Beowulf cluster is designed and implemented to perform the sequence alignment algorithms and also the performance test. This dissertation firstly gives an overview of sequence alignment algorithms that are already developed and also highlights their timeline. A presentation of the design and implementation of the Beowulf Cluster is highlighted and this is followed by the experiments on the baseline performance of the cluster. A detailed timeline of the sequence alignment algorithms is given and also the comparison between ClustalW-MPI and T-Coffee (Tree-based Consistency Objective Function For alignment Evaluation) algorithm is presented as part of the findings in the research study. The efficiency of the cluster was observed to be 19.8%, this percentage is unexpected because the predicted efficiency is 83.3%, which is found in the theoretical cluster calculator. The theoretical performance of the cluster showed a high performance as compared with the experimental performance, this is attributable to the slow network, which was 100Mbps, low processor speed of 2.50 GHz, and low memory of 2 Gigabytes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Ngxande, Mkhuseli
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Computer Science)
- Identifier: vital:11399 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1020163
- Description: As the biological databases are increasing rapidly, there is a challenge for both Biologists and Computer Scientists to develop algorithms and databases to manage the increasing data. There are many algorithms developed to align the sequences stored in biological databases - some take time to process the data while others are inefficient to produce reasonable results. As more data is generated, and time consuming algorithms are developed to handle them, there is a need for specialized computers to handle the computations. Researchers are typically limited by the computational power of their computers. High Performance Computing (HPC) field addresses this challenge and can be used in a cost-effective manner where there is no need for expensive equipment, instead old computers can be used together to form a powerful system. This is the premise of this research, wherein the setup of a low-cost Beowulf cluster is explored, with the subsequent evaluation of its performance for processing sequent alignment algorithms. A mixed method methodology is used in this dissertation, which consists of literature study, theoretical and practise based system. This mixed method methodology also have a proof and concept where the Beowulf cluster is designed and implemented to perform the sequence alignment algorithms and also the performance test. This dissertation firstly gives an overview of sequence alignment algorithms that are already developed and also highlights their timeline. A presentation of the design and implementation of the Beowulf Cluster is highlighted and this is followed by the experiments on the baseline performance of the cluster. A detailed timeline of the sequence alignment algorithms is given and also the comparison between ClustalW-MPI and T-Coffee (Tree-based Consistency Objective Function For alignment Evaluation) algorithm is presented as part of the findings in the research study. The efficiency of the cluster was observed to be 19.8%, this percentage is unexpected because the predicted efficiency is 83.3%, which is found in the theoretical cluster calculator. The theoretical performance of the cluster showed a high performance as compared with the experimental performance, this is attributable to the slow network, which was 100Mbps, low processor speed of 2.50 GHz, and low memory of 2 Gigabytes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Replacing maize with barley in concetrates fed to jersey cows grazing on kikuyu/ryegrass pasture
- Authors: Lehmann, Maryna
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Jersey cattle -- Feeding and feeds , Dairy cattle -- Feeding and feeds
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10732 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/181 , Jersey cattle -- Feeding and feeds , Dairy cattle -- Feeding and feeds
- Description: The aim of the first study was to determine if barley could replace maize as an energy source in concentrates fed to dairy cows grazing on kikuyu/ryegrass pasture without affecting the milk production, milk composition, or cause metabolic disorders. Sixty Jersey cows, in early to mid lactation were randomly allocated to one of five treatments (n = 12) based on feeding concentrates with different ratios of maize to barley, ranging from 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100, respectively. Concentrates contained 12 MJ ME kg -1 and 130g CP kg-1 DM and cows were fed 3 kg (as-is) concentrate after each milking for a period of 42 days (14-day adaptation and 28-day measurement). Cows strip-grazed the irrigated kikuyu/ryegrass pastures (15.7 ± 1.8 percent DM; 20.2 ± 4.3 percent CP; 44.7 ± 3.5 percent NDF). Milk weights were recorded daily and milk samples collected weekly and analyzed for milk fat and protein content. Body condition score and live weight were recorded at the start and end of the experimental period. Data of all the studies were subjected to a one-way ANOVA. Daily milk yield, FCM, MUN, milk fat yield, milk fat percent, protein yield, protein percent, live weight change, or body condition score change were not affected by treatment and values were 15.8 kg, 17.2 kg, 14.9 mg dl-1, 0.72 kg, 4.56 percent, 0.59 kg, 3.77 percent, 6.67 kg, and 0.15 BCS; 15.6 kg, 17.4 kg, 15.2 mg dl-1, 0.73 kg, 4.3 percent, 0.57 kg, 3.71 percent, 1.33 kg and 0.04 BCS; 17.2 kg, 17.9 kg, 15.2 mg dl-1, 0.74 kg, 4.36 percent, 0.63 kg, 3.71 percent, 0.33 kg and 0.08 BCS; 15.6 kg, 16.4 kg, 15.5 mg dl-1, 0.67 kg, 4.33 percent, 0.60 kg, 3.83 percent, -1.46 kg and 0.11 BCS; and 15.0 kg, 16.0 kg, 15.5 mg dl-1, 0.67 kg, 4.57 percent, 0.57 kg, 3.85 percent, 8.86 kg, and 0.05 BCS, respectively for the cows fed 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 maize to barley ratio concentrate. According to these results, barley can replace maize without significantly affecting the milk production or milk composition. None of the cows presented any visible symptoms of acidosis. As it was clear from the results in the first study that maize could replace barley the aim of study 2A was therefore focused on determining the effect of feeding different levels of such a barley-based (2.4, 4.8 or 7.2 kg cow-1day-1) concentrate, on milk production, milk composition and live weight change of Jersey cows on kikuyu/ryegrass pasture (23.1 ± 2.95 percent DM, 11.1 ± 0.11 percent CP, 60.8 ± 0.58 percent NDF). Forty-five Jersey cows (early- to mid lactation), were randomly allocated to one of three treatments (n = 15) involving different levels of concentrate (12 MJ ME and 130g CP kg-1 DM) feeding for a period of 42 days (14-day adaptation and 28-day measurement). Milk weights were also recorded daily, and milk samples collected weekly, and analyzed for milk fat and protein. Body condition score and live weight were recorded at the start and end of the experimental period. The results of this study indicated that increasing the concentrate level from 2.4 to 4.8 and 7.2kg cow-1day-1 did not increase the milk yield (14.0 kg, 15.2 kg, 14.4 kg; P = 0.19). The FCM production increased from 15.8 to 17.5kg (P = 0.04) as the concentrate level increased from 2.4 to 4.8kg cow-1day-1. Increasing the concentrate from 4.8 to 7.2kg cow-1day-1 did not result in a significant increase in FCM. The milk protein percent increased significantly from 3.4 - 3.6 percent when the concentrate feeding level was increased from 2.4 to 7.2kg cow-1day-1. The MUN levels were 17.09 mg dl-1, 16.03 5 mg dl-1, and 16.36 mg dl-1 for the 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2kg cow-1day-1 concentrate levels, respectively. This is well within the recommended MUN levels (12 – 18 mg dl-1) indicating that sufficient protein was fed to cows. Increasing the concentrate level from 4.8 to 7.2 kg cow-1day-1 did not increase production, probably due to a higher pasture substitution rate. Supplementing large quantities of rapidly fermentable grains, such as barley, can suppress rumen pH and may have a negative effect on the rate and extent of fibre digestion in the rumen. Therefore the aim of study 2B was not only to determine the effect of feeding different levels of a barley-based concentrate, on milk production, milk composition and live weight change, but was also to determine the effect of a low (4.8 kg cow-1day-1) versus a high (7.2 kg cow-1day-1) level of barley-based concentrate supplementation on ruminal DM and NDF degradability of Westerworld ryegrass sampled from the pastures that these cows were grazing on. Sixty Jersey cows (early- to mid lactation), were randomly allocated to one of three treatments (n = 20) involving different levels of concentrate feeding. Concentrate (12 MJ ME, 130g CP kg-1 DM) was fed at 2.4, 4.8 or 7.2 kg cow-1day-1 for a period of 74 days (14-day adaptation and 60-day measurement). These cows stripgrazed irrigated kikuyu/ryegrass pastures (14.7 ± 4.37 percent DM, 25.1 ± 1.53 percent CP, and 44.4 ± 2.58 percent NDF) at a daily pasture allocation of 10 kg DM cow-1. Milk weights were recorded daily and milk samples collected weekly and analyzed for milk fat and protein. Body condition score and live weight were recorded at the start and end of the experimental period. Twelve Jersey cows, fitted with ruminal cannulae, were randomly allocated to two of the three treatments in the production study and received either 2.4 or 7.2 kg cow-1 day-1, of the same barley-based concentrate, in a two-period crossover design. These cows strip-grazed the same irrigated kikuyu/ryegrass pastures as the sixty cows in the production study. Each period consisted of 21 days for adaptation and seven days for data collection. Rumen liquor samples were collected every 4 hours within a 24-hour cycle and repeated once. Rumen pH was measured immediately, recorded, and the supernatant fluid preserved and frozen, pending VFA analysis. The in situ nylon bag technique was used to determine DM and NDF degradation and dried samples of Westerworld ryegrass pasture were incubated for 0, 4, 8, 12, 20, 30, 48, 72 and 96 hours. The data were fitted in the non-linear model p = a + b (1-exp-ct) (Ørskov & McDonald, 1979). Daily milk production, fat corrected milk, milk fat yield and milk fat percent were not affected by treatment and values were 17.3 kg, 18.4 kg, 0.76 kg and 4.42 percent; 19.0 kg, 20.0 kg, 0.82 kg and 4.35 percent; and 18.1 kg, 19.1 kg, 0.79 kg and 4.37 percent for the 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2 kg cow-1 day-1 concentrate treatments, respectively. Milk protein percentage of cows on the 7.2 kg concentrate cow-1 day-1 was significantly higher than that of cows on 4.2 kg concentrate cow-1 day-1 feeding level. Live weight increased significantly as the level of concentrate feeding increased and values were 17.9 kg; and 28.9 kg on the 2.4 and 7.2kg concentrate treatment, respectively. There was a significant increase in the live weight of cows that were fed 7.2 kg cow-1 day-1 (as-is) in comparison to those cows that were fed 2.4 kg concentrate cow-1 day-1 (as-is). This may have resulted from more nutrients being partitioned to live weight gain rather than milk production. No further response in milk production was observed when concentrate daily feeding was increased from 4.8 to 7.2 kg cow-1 day-1. It is postulated that the higher concentrate allowance resulted in a higher substitution rate and lower DMI intake from pasture. 6 There was no significant decline in the rumen pH (6.2 ± 0.4 and 6.2 ± 0.5) when the concentrate level was increased from 2.4 to 7.2 kg cow-1 day-1 (as-is). The total VFA (118.1 ± 45.9 and 139.4 ± 45.6 mmol L-1) and isovalerate (0.009 ± 0.07 and 0.248 ± 0.52 mmol L-1) increased significantly when the concentrate was increased from 2.4 to 7.2 kg cow-1day-1. No other rumen parameters were affected by treatment. Ruminal DM and NDF degradability of the Kikuyu/ryegrass pature were not affected by the level of concentrate supplementation. An increase in the concentrate level from 2.4 to 7.2 kg cow-1day-1 did not reduce degradability of either DM (94.67 ± 5.97, 94.49 ± 5.09; P = 0.919) or NDF (92.15 ± 8.69, 94.4 ± 11.73; P = 0.451), respectively. Results of rumen parameters and PD values were within the range reported by Bargo et al., (2003), viz. pH 5.76 – 6.29, NH3-N concentration 8.7 – 32.2 mg dl-1, total VFA concentration 90.3 - 151.4 mmol L-1 and PD values 89.5 – 93.5 % reported by Bargo et al. (2003). According to these authors, there is no simple relationship between any amount of the concentrate supplemented, and the ruminal pH and concentrate feeding only affects the in situ ruminal digestion of pasture when it is fed, at quantities higher than 8 kg DM cow-1day-1 (Bargo et al., 2003).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Lehmann, Maryna
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Jersey cattle -- Feeding and feeds , Dairy cattle -- Feeding and feeds
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10732 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/181 , Jersey cattle -- Feeding and feeds , Dairy cattle -- Feeding and feeds
- Description: The aim of the first study was to determine if barley could replace maize as an energy source in concentrates fed to dairy cows grazing on kikuyu/ryegrass pasture without affecting the milk production, milk composition, or cause metabolic disorders. Sixty Jersey cows, in early to mid lactation were randomly allocated to one of five treatments (n = 12) based on feeding concentrates with different ratios of maize to barley, ranging from 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100, respectively. Concentrates contained 12 MJ ME kg -1 and 130g CP kg-1 DM and cows were fed 3 kg (as-is) concentrate after each milking for a period of 42 days (14-day adaptation and 28-day measurement). Cows strip-grazed the irrigated kikuyu/ryegrass pastures (15.7 ± 1.8 percent DM; 20.2 ± 4.3 percent CP; 44.7 ± 3.5 percent NDF). Milk weights were recorded daily and milk samples collected weekly and analyzed for milk fat and protein content. Body condition score and live weight were recorded at the start and end of the experimental period. Data of all the studies were subjected to a one-way ANOVA. Daily milk yield, FCM, MUN, milk fat yield, milk fat percent, protein yield, protein percent, live weight change, or body condition score change were not affected by treatment and values were 15.8 kg, 17.2 kg, 14.9 mg dl-1, 0.72 kg, 4.56 percent, 0.59 kg, 3.77 percent, 6.67 kg, and 0.15 BCS; 15.6 kg, 17.4 kg, 15.2 mg dl-1, 0.73 kg, 4.3 percent, 0.57 kg, 3.71 percent, 1.33 kg and 0.04 BCS; 17.2 kg, 17.9 kg, 15.2 mg dl-1, 0.74 kg, 4.36 percent, 0.63 kg, 3.71 percent, 0.33 kg and 0.08 BCS; 15.6 kg, 16.4 kg, 15.5 mg dl-1, 0.67 kg, 4.33 percent, 0.60 kg, 3.83 percent, -1.46 kg and 0.11 BCS; and 15.0 kg, 16.0 kg, 15.5 mg dl-1, 0.67 kg, 4.57 percent, 0.57 kg, 3.85 percent, 8.86 kg, and 0.05 BCS, respectively for the cows fed 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 maize to barley ratio concentrate. According to these results, barley can replace maize without significantly affecting the milk production or milk composition. None of the cows presented any visible symptoms of acidosis. As it was clear from the results in the first study that maize could replace barley the aim of study 2A was therefore focused on determining the effect of feeding different levels of such a barley-based (2.4, 4.8 or 7.2 kg cow-1day-1) concentrate, on milk production, milk composition and live weight change of Jersey cows on kikuyu/ryegrass pasture (23.1 ± 2.95 percent DM, 11.1 ± 0.11 percent CP, 60.8 ± 0.58 percent NDF). Forty-five Jersey cows (early- to mid lactation), were randomly allocated to one of three treatments (n = 15) involving different levels of concentrate (12 MJ ME and 130g CP kg-1 DM) feeding for a period of 42 days (14-day adaptation and 28-day measurement). Milk weights were also recorded daily, and milk samples collected weekly, and analyzed for milk fat and protein. Body condition score and live weight were recorded at the start and end of the experimental period. The results of this study indicated that increasing the concentrate level from 2.4 to 4.8 and 7.2kg cow-1day-1 did not increase the milk yield (14.0 kg, 15.2 kg, 14.4 kg; P = 0.19). The FCM production increased from 15.8 to 17.5kg (P = 0.04) as the concentrate level increased from 2.4 to 4.8kg cow-1day-1. Increasing the concentrate from 4.8 to 7.2kg cow-1day-1 did not result in a significant increase in FCM. The milk protein percent increased significantly from 3.4 - 3.6 percent when the concentrate feeding level was increased from 2.4 to 7.2kg cow-1day-1. The MUN levels were 17.09 mg dl-1, 16.03 5 mg dl-1, and 16.36 mg dl-1 for the 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2kg cow-1day-1 concentrate levels, respectively. This is well within the recommended MUN levels (12 – 18 mg dl-1) indicating that sufficient protein was fed to cows. Increasing the concentrate level from 4.8 to 7.2 kg cow-1day-1 did not increase production, probably due to a higher pasture substitution rate. Supplementing large quantities of rapidly fermentable grains, such as barley, can suppress rumen pH and may have a negative effect on the rate and extent of fibre digestion in the rumen. Therefore the aim of study 2B was not only to determine the effect of feeding different levels of a barley-based concentrate, on milk production, milk composition and live weight change, but was also to determine the effect of a low (4.8 kg cow-1day-1) versus a high (7.2 kg cow-1day-1) level of barley-based concentrate supplementation on ruminal DM and NDF degradability of Westerworld ryegrass sampled from the pastures that these cows were grazing on. Sixty Jersey cows (early- to mid lactation), were randomly allocated to one of three treatments (n = 20) involving different levels of concentrate feeding. Concentrate (12 MJ ME, 130g CP kg-1 DM) was fed at 2.4, 4.8 or 7.2 kg cow-1day-1 for a period of 74 days (14-day adaptation and 60-day measurement). These cows stripgrazed irrigated kikuyu/ryegrass pastures (14.7 ± 4.37 percent DM, 25.1 ± 1.53 percent CP, and 44.4 ± 2.58 percent NDF) at a daily pasture allocation of 10 kg DM cow-1. Milk weights were recorded daily and milk samples collected weekly and analyzed for milk fat and protein. Body condition score and live weight were recorded at the start and end of the experimental period. Twelve Jersey cows, fitted with ruminal cannulae, were randomly allocated to two of the three treatments in the production study and received either 2.4 or 7.2 kg cow-1 day-1, of the same barley-based concentrate, in a two-period crossover design. These cows strip-grazed the same irrigated kikuyu/ryegrass pastures as the sixty cows in the production study. Each period consisted of 21 days for adaptation and seven days for data collection. Rumen liquor samples were collected every 4 hours within a 24-hour cycle and repeated once. Rumen pH was measured immediately, recorded, and the supernatant fluid preserved and frozen, pending VFA analysis. The in situ nylon bag technique was used to determine DM and NDF degradation and dried samples of Westerworld ryegrass pasture were incubated for 0, 4, 8, 12, 20, 30, 48, 72 and 96 hours. The data were fitted in the non-linear model p = a + b (1-exp-ct) (Ørskov & McDonald, 1979). Daily milk production, fat corrected milk, milk fat yield and milk fat percent were not affected by treatment and values were 17.3 kg, 18.4 kg, 0.76 kg and 4.42 percent; 19.0 kg, 20.0 kg, 0.82 kg and 4.35 percent; and 18.1 kg, 19.1 kg, 0.79 kg and 4.37 percent for the 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2 kg cow-1 day-1 concentrate treatments, respectively. Milk protein percentage of cows on the 7.2 kg concentrate cow-1 day-1 was significantly higher than that of cows on 4.2 kg concentrate cow-1 day-1 feeding level. Live weight increased significantly as the level of concentrate feeding increased and values were 17.9 kg; and 28.9 kg on the 2.4 and 7.2kg concentrate treatment, respectively. There was a significant increase in the live weight of cows that were fed 7.2 kg cow-1 day-1 (as-is) in comparison to those cows that were fed 2.4 kg concentrate cow-1 day-1 (as-is). This may have resulted from more nutrients being partitioned to live weight gain rather than milk production. No further response in milk production was observed when concentrate daily feeding was increased from 4.8 to 7.2 kg cow-1 day-1. It is postulated that the higher concentrate allowance resulted in a higher substitution rate and lower DMI intake from pasture. 6 There was no significant decline in the rumen pH (6.2 ± 0.4 and 6.2 ± 0.5) when the concentrate level was increased from 2.4 to 7.2 kg cow-1 day-1 (as-is). The total VFA (118.1 ± 45.9 and 139.4 ± 45.6 mmol L-1) and isovalerate (0.009 ± 0.07 and 0.248 ± 0.52 mmol L-1) increased significantly when the concentrate was increased from 2.4 to 7.2 kg cow-1day-1. No other rumen parameters were affected by treatment. Ruminal DM and NDF degradability of the Kikuyu/ryegrass pature were not affected by the level of concentrate supplementation. An increase in the concentrate level from 2.4 to 7.2 kg cow-1day-1 did not reduce degradability of either DM (94.67 ± 5.97, 94.49 ± 5.09; P = 0.919) or NDF (92.15 ± 8.69, 94.4 ± 11.73; P = 0.451), respectively. Results of rumen parameters and PD values were within the range reported by Bargo et al., (2003), viz. pH 5.76 – 6.29, NH3-N concentration 8.7 – 32.2 mg dl-1, total VFA concentration 90.3 - 151.4 mmol L-1 and PD values 89.5 – 93.5 % reported by Bargo et al. (2003). According to these authors, there is no simple relationship between any amount of the concentrate supplemented, and the ruminal pH and concentrate feeding only affects the in situ ruminal digestion of pasture when it is fed, at quantities higher than 8 kg DM cow-1day-1 (Bargo et al., 2003).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
"Effulgent in the firmament" the politics of representation and the politics of reception in South Africa's 'poetry of commitment', 1968-1983
- Authors: Mde, Vukani
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: South African literature -- Black authors -- History and criticism , Politics and literature -- South Africa -- History -- 20th century , Literature and state -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:10987 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/288 , South African literature -- Black authors -- History and criticism , Politics and literature -- South Africa -- History -- 20th century , Literature and state -- South Africa
- Description: This dissertation re-examines an era in the production and reception of English language poetry in South Africa by black writers. Intellectually the 1970's was the Black Consciousness phase of South African history and very few aspects of life in the country were untouched by the intellectual movement led by Steve Biko and other young black student leaders. The aesthetic and literary output of the time, like all other facets of South African life, exhibited the influence and pressures brought to bear by Black Consciousness. Moreover, the Black Consciousness poets introduced the most vibrant and innovative phase for English language poetry produced in South Africa. It is my contention, however, that such vibrancy and innovation has consistently been compromised by unsympathetic, often hostile, and almost-always ill-informed criticism. The dissertation offers a critique of the academic and journalistic practice of criticism in South Africa. I argue that critical practice in South Africa has been engaged throughout the twentieth century in the discursive enforcement of ‘discipline’. In his Discipline and Punish (1977) the French post-structuralist philosopher Michel Foucault demonstrated how power is wielded against oppressed/suppressed groups through self regulated proscriptions, and argued that power is a discursive rather than a corporeal phenomenon. My dissertation follows Foucault in reading the critical reception of Black Consciousness poetry as the practice of disciplinary power. The dissertation also engages critically with the poetry of Oswald Mtshali, Mongane Serote and Sipho Sepamla, and argues that their work is the inscription of black subjectivity into the literary and cultural mainstream. It situates their work within wider 6 societal debates and definitions of ‘blackness’. In this regard use is made again of Michel Foucault’s insights and methodology of discourse analysis as shown in The Archaeology of Knowledge (1972). I argue that Oswald Mtshali’s work is a failed attempt at a dissection of apartheid and colonialism from a broadly Christian and humanist perspective. In my reading of Mongane Serote I explore the relationship between women’s bodies and the practice of representation. It is my contention that Serote is most concerned with claims of belonging, and this is shown through his extensive use of the trope of ‘Mother’. My discussion of the poetry of Sipho Sepamla focuses on language and (self- )representation, particularly the use of practices of naming in constructing subjectivity. My contention is that Sepamla ultimately abandons attempts at representation in favour of oppositional self-construction in language. In the concluding chapter I defend the thesis that the politics of discipline have prevented the broad critical establishment from gaining access to these discursive constructions of blackness in the committed poetry of South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: Mde, Vukani
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: South African literature -- Black authors -- History and criticism , Politics and literature -- South Africa -- History -- 20th century , Literature and state -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:10987 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/288 , South African literature -- Black authors -- History and criticism , Politics and literature -- South Africa -- History -- 20th century , Literature and state -- South Africa
- Description: This dissertation re-examines an era in the production and reception of English language poetry in South Africa by black writers. Intellectually the 1970's was the Black Consciousness phase of South African history and very few aspects of life in the country were untouched by the intellectual movement led by Steve Biko and other young black student leaders. The aesthetic and literary output of the time, like all other facets of South African life, exhibited the influence and pressures brought to bear by Black Consciousness. Moreover, the Black Consciousness poets introduced the most vibrant and innovative phase for English language poetry produced in South Africa. It is my contention, however, that such vibrancy and innovation has consistently been compromised by unsympathetic, often hostile, and almost-always ill-informed criticism. The dissertation offers a critique of the academic and journalistic practice of criticism in South Africa. I argue that critical practice in South Africa has been engaged throughout the twentieth century in the discursive enforcement of ‘discipline’. In his Discipline and Punish (1977) the French post-structuralist philosopher Michel Foucault demonstrated how power is wielded against oppressed/suppressed groups through self regulated proscriptions, and argued that power is a discursive rather than a corporeal phenomenon. My dissertation follows Foucault in reading the critical reception of Black Consciousness poetry as the practice of disciplinary power. The dissertation also engages critically with the poetry of Oswald Mtshali, Mongane Serote and Sipho Sepamla, and argues that their work is the inscription of black subjectivity into the literary and cultural mainstream. It situates their work within wider 6 societal debates and definitions of ‘blackness’. In this regard use is made again of Michel Foucault’s insights and methodology of discourse analysis as shown in The Archaeology of Knowledge (1972). I argue that Oswald Mtshali’s work is a failed attempt at a dissection of apartheid and colonialism from a broadly Christian and humanist perspective. In my reading of Mongane Serote I explore the relationship between women’s bodies and the practice of representation. It is my contention that Serote is most concerned with claims of belonging, and this is shown through his extensive use of the trope of ‘Mother’. My discussion of the poetry of Sipho Sepamla focuses on language and (self- )representation, particularly the use of practices of naming in constructing subjectivity. My contention is that Sepamla ultimately abandons attempts at representation in favour of oppositional self-construction in language. In the concluding chapter I defend the thesis that the politics of discipline have prevented the broad critical establishment from gaining access to these discursive constructions of blackness in the committed poetry of South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
Applicability of putative probiotic bacteria to replace antibiotics as growth promoters in commercial and indigenous piglets
- Authors: Dlamini, Ziyanda Confidence
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Antibiotics Dietary supplements Piglets
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11428 , vital:39071
- Description: Antibiotic use in pig production contributes to development of antimicrobial resistance in food animals and risk of antibiotic residues in animal food products. The use of probiotics appears to be the potential alternative to antibiotics. This work is designed to validate the applicability of administered direct-fed putative probiotic strains of Lactobacillus reuteri ZJ625, Lactobacillus reuteri VB4, Lactobacillus salivarius ZJ614 and Streptococcus salivarius NBCR 13956 on growth performance, hematological parameters, and antibody stimulation in weaned commercial and indigenous pigs. Forty-five weaned piglets were divided into five treatment experimental groups as follows: Diet with: antibiotic (PC), No antibiotic and no probiotic (NC), Probiotic (P1) (P2) combination of probiotics (P3). Piglets’ performance were monitored during the trial. Faecal and ileum samples were collected for microbial count analysis. Blood samples were collected from the sacrificed piglets at the end of the trial, for the hematological and biochemical analysis and probiotics ability to stimulate immunoglobulin G (IgG). Four probiotic strains were tested for cell surface hydrophobicity against xylene, chloroform and ethyl acetate. The strains were also tested for auto-aggregation and co-aggregation abilities. Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 was used as a control pathogen in the co-aggregation ability test. The probiotic strains were also screened for presence of virulence and resistance genes. DNA was extracted from all the four probiotic strains using ZR Fungal/Bacterial DNA MiniPepTM (Zymo Research, USA) following manufacturer’s instructions. The DNA samples were later amplified in PCR reactions with specific primers to detect virulence genes of adhesion collagen protein (ace), aggregation substances (agg and asa); antibiotic resistance genes of: Vancomycin vanA, Vancomycin vanC1 and Vancomycin vanC2/3. The data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA using SAS statistics software (SAS 9.3) (2003). Results from the study revealed that supplementation of probiotics had no effect on feed intake (FI) in all of the experimental groups. However, supplementation of probiotics in P3 treatment resulted in greater average daily gain (ADG) and improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) of weaned piglets (p < 0.05). Microbial count of fecal samples from all the treatment groups did not differ while ileum samples had lower enteric bacteria in P3 group as compared to other treatments. Concentration of albumin, globulin, neutrophils and basophils were high in NC treatment compared to other treatments. (p < 0.05). IgG concentration was highest in P3 compared to other treatment (p < 0.05). All probiotics strains showed high hydrophobicity to all solvents used in the test. Cell Surface Hydrophobic was highest in xylene (78percent – 84percent), followed by chloroform (68percent – 75percent) and lowest in ethyl acetate (52percent - 60percent). All of the test strains showed high auto-aggregation ability after 4 hr of incubation. L .reuteri VB4 exhibited highest auto-aggregation ability of 70percent, while the least auto-aggregation ability of 60percent was observed for L. salivarius ZJ614. In the co-aggregation assays, all probiotic bacterial strains exhibited a strong co-aggregation of 45percent to 56percent after 4 hr of incubation at 37 °C. L. reuteri VB4 exhibited highest co-aggregation ability while L. salivarius ZJ614 exhibited the lowest co-aggregation ability. No presence of virulence genes ace and asa was detected in all of the putative probiotic strains, but agg virulence gene was detected in L. reuteri VB4 strains. L. reuteri VB4 and S. salivarius NBRC13956 had resistance genes vanC 2/3 and vanC1, respectively. Overall, the results from this study, suggest that the candidate probiotics strains have enhanced the growth and measured blood parameters of the weaned piglets used in these experiments, and also, the probiotic strains have the abilities to initiate the stimulation of IgG. Probiotics could be used as a novel alternative to antibiotics in the animal nutrition and production, with the abilities to confer health benefits and promote growth. The outcome of the research advocates that these probiotics will be beneficial to pig production, and might outcompete the current antibiotics in use as growth promoters. One of the major advantages of probiotics to pig industry is the production of antibiotic free and good quality pork meat to local and international consumers, thus, enhancing South African Pork industry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Dlamini, Ziyanda Confidence
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Antibiotics Dietary supplements Piglets
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11428 , vital:39071
- Description: Antibiotic use in pig production contributes to development of antimicrobial resistance in food animals and risk of antibiotic residues in animal food products. The use of probiotics appears to be the potential alternative to antibiotics. This work is designed to validate the applicability of administered direct-fed putative probiotic strains of Lactobacillus reuteri ZJ625, Lactobacillus reuteri VB4, Lactobacillus salivarius ZJ614 and Streptococcus salivarius NBCR 13956 on growth performance, hematological parameters, and antibody stimulation in weaned commercial and indigenous pigs. Forty-five weaned piglets were divided into five treatment experimental groups as follows: Diet with: antibiotic (PC), No antibiotic and no probiotic (NC), Probiotic (P1) (P2) combination of probiotics (P3). Piglets’ performance were monitored during the trial. Faecal and ileum samples were collected for microbial count analysis. Blood samples were collected from the sacrificed piglets at the end of the trial, for the hematological and biochemical analysis and probiotics ability to stimulate immunoglobulin G (IgG). Four probiotic strains were tested for cell surface hydrophobicity against xylene, chloroform and ethyl acetate. The strains were also tested for auto-aggregation and co-aggregation abilities. Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 was used as a control pathogen in the co-aggregation ability test. The probiotic strains were also screened for presence of virulence and resistance genes. DNA was extracted from all the four probiotic strains using ZR Fungal/Bacterial DNA MiniPepTM (Zymo Research, USA) following manufacturer’s instructions. The DNA samples were later amplified in PCR reactions with specific primers to detect virulence genes of adhesion collagen protein (ace), aggregation substances (agg and asa); antibiotic resistance genes of: Vancomycin vanA, Vancomycin vanC1 and Vancomycin vanC2/3. The data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA using SAS statistics software (SAS 9.3) (2003). Results from the study revealed that supplementation of probiotics had no effect on feed intake (FI) in all of the experimental groups. However, supplementation of probiotics in P3 treatment resulted in greater average daily gain (ADG) and improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) of weaned piglets (p < 0.05). Microbial count of fecal samples from all the treatment groups did not differ while ileum samples had lower enteric bacteria in P3 group as compared to other treatments. Concentration of albumin, globulin, neutrophils and basophils were high in NC treatment compared to other treatments. (p < 0.05). IgG concentration was highest in P3 compared to other treatment (p < 0.05). All probiotics strains showed high hydrophobicity to all solvents used in the test. Cell Surface Hydrophobic was highest in xylene (78percent – 84percent), followed by chloroform (68percent – 75percent) and lowest in ethyl acetate (52percent - 60percent). All of the test strains showed high auto-aggregation ability after 4 hr of incubation. L .reuteri VB4 exhibited highest auto-aggregation ability of 70percent, while the least auto-aggregation ability of 60percent was observed for L. salivarius ZJ614. In the co-aggregation assays, all probiotic bacterial strains exhibited a strong co-aggregation of 45percent to 56percent after 4 hr of incubation at 37 °C. L. reuteri VB4 exhibited highest co-aggregation ability while L. salivarius ZJ614 exhibited the lowest co-aggregation ability. No presence of virulence genes ace and asa was detected in all of the putative probiotic strains, but agg virulence gene was detected in L. reuteri VB4 strains. L. reuteri VB4 and S. salivarius NBRC13956 had resistance genes vanC 2/3 and vanC1, respectively. Overall, the results from this study, suggest that the candidate probiotics strains have enhanced the growth and measured blood parameters of the weaned piglets used in these experiments, and also, the probiotic strains have the abilities to initiate the stimulation of IgG. Probiotics could be used as a novel alternative to antibiotics in the animal nutrition and production, with the abilities to confer health benefits and promote growth. The outcome of the research advocates that these probiotics will be beneficial to pig production, and might outcompete the current antibiotics in use as growth promoters. One of the major advantages of probiotics to pig industry is the production of antibiotic free and good quality pork meat to local and international consumers, thus, enhancing South African Pork industry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
The impact of the farmer field school approach on small-scale vegetable farmers' knowledge, agency and production in Alice, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Apleni, Asanda
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Agricultural extension work -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8187 , vital:31873
- Description: This study investigates the impact of the Farmer Field School approach on the knowledge, agency and production of small-scale farmers. Farmer Field Schools were devised in the 1980s by the Food and Agriculture Organization as a form of adult education in agriculture. It is a group-based approach in which a facilitator meets with farmers on a regular basis and sets in motion a process by which farmers ‘learn how to learn’, both from themselves and from one another. However, it remains an open question whether the Farmer Field School approach could be a solution to South Africa’s abiding problem of weak agricultural extension. Early in 2015, the University of Fort Hare and the Nkonkobe Farmers’ Association initiated a number of study groups in the Alice area, based largely on Farmer Field School principles. The main objective of the study was to assess the impact of the Farmer Field School approach on small-scale farmers’ knowledge, agency and production, focusing on home gardeners. The study was conducted in the Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality in Alice of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The research consisted of a survey of all the study group participants involved with home gardens, including some who joined the groups in 2015 but left in 2016. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs were used. Findings from this study have shown how participation in the study groups modelled on the FFS approach can improve the knowledge and skills of home gardeners, while also enabling them to produce significantly larger quantities of vegetables, and even a marketable surplus, albeit from a small base. In order to make more people to join, more incentives should be made available. Such incentives should be made available only to “kick start” the FFS study groups and take heed in prevention of dependence.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Apleni, Asanda
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Agricultural extension work -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8187 , vital:31873
- Description: This study investigates the impact of the Farmer Field School approach on the knowledge, agency and production of small-scale farmers. Farmer Field Schools were devised in the 1980s by the Food and Agriculture Organization as a form of adult education in agriculture. It is a group-based approach in which a facilitator meets with farmers on a regular basis and sets in motion a process by which farmers ‘learn how to learn’, both from themselves and from one another. However, it remains an open question whether the Farmer Field School approach could be a solution to South Africa’s abiding problem of weak agricultural extension. Early in 2015, the University of Fort Hare and the Nkonkobe Farmers’ Association initiated a number of study groups in the Alice area, based largely on Farmer Field School principles. The main objective of the study was to assess the impact of the Farmer Field School approach on small-scale farmers’ knowledge, agency and production, focusing on home gardeners. The study was conducted in the Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality in Alice of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The research consisted of a survey of all the study group participants involved with home gardens, including some who joined the groups in 2015 but left in 2016. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs were used. Findings from this study have shown how participation in the study groups modelled on the FFS approach can improve the knowledge and skills of home gardeners, while also enabling them to produce significantly larger quantities of vegetables, and even a marketable surplus, albeit from a small base. In order to make more people to join, more incentives should be made available. Such incentives should be made available only to “kick start” the FFS study groups and take heed in prevention of dependence.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Emotional intelligence as a moderator of the relations hip between participative leadership and psychological climate among the employees of an automotive dealer company in East London region
- Authors: Ramncwana, Ntombekhaya
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Industrial Psychology)
- Identifier: vital:11561 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1014671
- Description: This study investigates the role of emotional intelligence in participative leadership and psychological climate. The objective of the study was to examine whether emotional intelligence is related to participative leadership and psychological climate, and whether participative leaders generally possess some levels of emotional intelligence. Based on the literature review an instrument composed of four sections was used to find the levels of perceived participative leadership, psychological climate and emotional int elligence. For this purpose, data from employees of an automotive dealer company was used. The study found no significant correlations between the three variables. However, the study did find a significant negative correlation between participative leadership and psychological climate. In addition, the study showed that emotional intelligence is not related to either participative leadership or psychological climate. Based on the findings, recommendations and suggestions for future research and for auto motive dealer managers are presented.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Ramncwana, Ntombekhaya
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Industrial Psychology)
- Identifier: vital:11561 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1014671
- Description: This study investigates the role of emotional intelligence in participative leadership and psychological climate. The objective of the study was to examine whether emotional intelligence is related to participative leadership and psychological climate, and whether participative leaders generally possess some levels of emotional intelligence. Based on the literature review an instrument composed of four sections was used to find the levels of perceived participative leadership, psychological climate and emotional int elligence. For this purpose, data from employees of an automotive dealer company was used. The study found no significant correlations between the three variables. However, the study did find a significant negative correlation between participative leadership and psychological climate. In addition, the study showed that emotional intelligence is not related to either participative leadership or psychological climate. Based on the findings, recommendations and suggestions for future research and for auto motive dealer managers are presented.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Participants' experience and perceptions of the Future Search Conference as an organizational change strategy in the Nursing Board of Namibia
- Authors: Layne, Nelao
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: Organizational change -- Namibia Nursing -- Study and teaching -- Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1882 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005909
- Description: Future Search is a new concept in Namibia. This study looks at the application of a Future Search Conference (FSC) with the Nursing Board of Namibia with a view to investigating participants' experiences and perceptions of the FSC as an organizational change strategy. I conducted a case study in the interpretive paradigm, since I was interested in understanding the subjective experience and individual perceptions of five respondents with regard to the FSC. To obtain in-depth information on how participants felt about the FSC, I employed two data gathering tools: un-structured individual interviews and observation. The findings confirmed that the Future Search is a new concept in the Ministry of Health in particular and in Namibia as a whole. Participants are of the opinion that leaders and managers are key figures in the success or failure of the Future Search. They showed a tremendous interest in the process and are willing to embrace and master the tool so they could try it in their various areas of work. Emphasis was put on the need to get the FSC introduced to leaders and higher management cadres on a wider scale, because they are decision makers and can decide whether or not the Future Search could be institutionalized. This study concludes with an appeal from respondents to be exposed to the Future Search again in a better time frame than the short time we had.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Layne, Nelao
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: Organizational change -- Namibia Nursing -- Study and teaching -- Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1882 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005909
- Description: Future Search is a new concept in Namibia. This study looks at the application of a Future Search Conference (FSC) with the Nursing Board of Namibia with a view to investigating participants' experiences and perceptions of the FSC as an organizational change strategy. I conducted a case study in the interpretive paradigm, since I was interested in understanding the subjective experience and individual perceptions of five respondents with regard to the FSC. To obtain in-depth information on how participants felt about the FSC, I employed two data gathering tools: un-structured individual interviews and observation. The findings confirmed that the Future Search is a new concept in the Ministry of Health in particular and in Namibia as a whole. Participants are of the opinion that leaders and managers are key figures in the success or failure of the Future Search. They showed a tremendous interest in the process and are willing to embrace and master the tool so they could try it in their various areas of work. Emphasis was put on the need to get the FSC introduced to leaders and higher management cadres on a wider scale, because they are decision makers and can decide whether or not the Future Search could be institutionalized. This study concludes with an appeal from respondents to be exposed to the Future Search again in a better time frame than the short time we had.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
Attitutes of professional nurses towards the dimensions of quality care in the community health centres of the King Sabatha Dalindyebo sub-district, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Ntuku, Nonzukiso Sheila
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Community health services -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Nursing services -- South Africa-- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13989 , vital:39737
- Description: The study focused on attitudes of professional nurses towards the dimensions of quality care. Quality care is the main focus of the Department of Health in the Republic of South Africa. The researcher believes that professional nurses form the backbone of the whole health care fraternity; hence they are central to the study of quality care dimensions. The aim of the study was to determine and describe the attitudes of professional nurses towards the dimensions of quality care in the community health centres of the KingSabatha Dalindyebo sub-district. A quantitative descriptive design was employed to meet the objectives of the study. The non-probability purposive sampling method was used to select participants to provide information on the attitudes of professional nurses towards the dimensions of quality care in the community health centres of the King Sabatha Dalindyebo sub-district, Eastern Cape. From the target of 84 professional nurses who were employed at the five community health centres of King Sabatha Dalindyebo sub-district of the O.R. Tambo District, Eastern Cape Province, 70 (83,3percent) professional nursesresponded to the questionnaires. A self-administered questionnaire written in simple English was used to collect data from the professional nurses regarding their attitudes towards dimensions of quality care. The researcher adhered to the ethical standards of nursing research as described by the Democratic Nursing Organisationof South Africa regarding anonymity, confidentiality, privacy and quality research, according to which the names of professional nurses were not recorded on the questionnaires. The data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) computer software. The distribution of the results has been presented in tables and a bar graph. The results of the study revealed that the professional nurses of these community health centres had positive attitudes towards the dimensions of quality care.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Ntuku, Nonzukiso Sheila
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Community health services -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Nursing services -- South Africa-- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13989 , vital:39737
- Description: The study focused on attitudes of professional nurses towards the dimensions of quality care. Quality care is the main focus of the Department of Health in the Republic of South Africa. The researcher believes that professional nurses form the backbone of the whole health care fraternity; hence they are central to the study of quality care dimensions. The aim of the study was to determine and describe the attitudes of professional nurses towards the dimensions of quality care in the community health centres of the KingSabatha Dalindyebo sub-district. A quantitative descriptive design was employed to meet the objectives of the study. The non-probability purposive sampling method was used to select participants to provide information on the attitudes of professional nurses towards the dimensions of quality care in the community health centres of the King Sabatha Dalindyebo sub-district, Eastern Cape. From the target of 84 professional nurses who were employed at the five community health centres of King Sabatha Dalindyebo sub-district of the O.R. Tambo District, Eastern Cape Province, 70 (83,3percent) professional nursesresponded to the questionnaires. A self-administered questionnaire written in simple English was used to collect data from the professional nurses regarding their attitudes towards dimensions of quality care. The researcher adhered to the ethical standards of nursing research as described by the Democratic Nursing Organisationof South Africa regarding anonymity, confidentiality, privacy and quality research, according to which the names of professional nurses were not recorded on the questionnaires. The data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) computer software. The distribution of the results has been presented in tables and a bar graph. The results of the study revealed that the professional nurses of these community health centres had positive attitudes towards the dimensions of quality care.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
The effects of assembly line-side supply on individuals employed in satellite operations within automotive manufacturers
- Authors: Bocchi, Carlo
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Faurecia East London (Firm) , Job satisfaction , Employee motivation , Automobile industry and trade -- Management , Automobile industry and trade -- Case studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Business Administration)
- Identifier: vital:10849 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/56 , Faurecia East London (Firm) , Job satisfaction , Employee motivation , Automobile industry and trade -- Management , Automobile industry and trade -- Case studies
- Description: The adoption of just-in-time in satellite operations within an automotive manufacturer, is rapidly becoming a trend within motor industry clusters. This type of organisation within an organisation adopts a lean structure to operate effectively and efficiently. The objective of this paper is to unveil factors which influence this type of workplace, particularly focusing on which factors which are relevant to Faurecia East London Plant. The literature study was used to illustrate the various theories relevant to manufacturing techniques, employee motivational and job satisfaction theories. The empirical study tested factors illustrated in the literature study. The empirical study was also to develop a specific model suitable for satellite organisations. The model presented together with the literature and empirical study was used to formulate findings and solve the main and sub-problems.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Bocchi, Carlo
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Faurecia East London (Firm) , Job satisfaction , Employee motivation , Automobile industry and trade -- Management , Automobile industry and trade -- Case studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Business Administration)
- Identifier: vital:10849 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/56 , Faurecia East London (Firm) , Job satisfaction , Employee motivation , Automobile industry and trade -- Management , Automobile industry and trade -- Case studies
- Description: The adoption of just-in-time in satellite operations within an automotive manufacturer, is rapidly becoming a trend within motor industry clusters. This type of organisation within an organisation adopts a lean structure to operate effectively and efficiently. The objective of this paper is to unveil factors which influence this type of workplace, particularly focusing on which factors which are relevant to Faurecia East London Plant. The literature study was used to illustrate the various theories relevant to manufacturing techniques, employee motivational and job satisfaction theories. The empirical study tested factors illustrated in the literature study. The empirical study was also to develop a specific model suitable for satellite organisations. The model presented together with the literature and empirical study was used to formulate findings and solve the main and sub-problems.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
The short-term effect on shareholder wealth of banking mergers and acquisitions during periods of real economic expansion and contraction
- Authors: Kerr, Gordon Roy
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Bank mergers , Consolidation and merger of corporations , Business cycles , Corporations -- Investor relations , Stockholder wealth , Rate of return
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:1108 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013442
- Description: Controversy currently exists over whether abnormal returns (ARs) are earned by shareholders of bidder and target banks through a Merger and Acquisition (M&A). The state of the economy in which the firms operate is often mentioned as a reason for firms engaging in M&As, however, the extent to which economies influence the ARs of shareholders is unknown. Following MacKinlay (1997), the aim of this study is to determine the average ARs earned or lost by shareholders of several banks around the world during an M&A. The results obtained may indicate that shareholders of bidding firms consider an M&A to be a wealth-destroying event irrespective of the state of the economy. It would seem that target firms’ shareholders consider M&As to be wealth-creating events when they occur during a period of real economic expansion. However, during periods of real economic contraction, target firms’ shareholders consider M&As to be wealth-destroying events. Thus, the state of an economy during an M&A can affect average ARs considerably.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Kerr, Gordon Roy
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Bank mergers , Consolidation and merger of corporations , Business cycles , Corporations -- Investor relations , Stockholder wealth , Rate of return
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:1108 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013442
- Description: Controversy currently exists over whether abnormal returns (ARs) are earned by shareholders of bidder and target banks through a Merger and Acquisition (M&A). The state of the economy in which the firms operate is often mentioned as a reason for firms engaging in M&As, however, the extent to which economies influence the ARs of shareholders is unknown. Following MacKinlay (1997), the aim of this study is to determine the average ARs earned or lost by shareholders of several banks around the world during an M&A. The results obtained may indicate that shareholders of bidding firms consider an M&A to be a wealth-destroying event irrespective of the state of the economy. It would seem that target firms’ shareholders consider M&As to be wealth-creating events when they occur during a period of real economic expansion. However, during periods of real economic contraction, target firms’ shareholders consider M&As to be wealth-destroying events. Thus, the state of an economy during an M&A can affect average ARs considerably.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
A contribution to the respiratory physiology of three South African freshwater pulmonate snails, Bulinus (Physopsis) Africanus (Krauss), Bulinus (Bulinus) Tropicus (Krauss), and Lymnaea Natalensis Krauss
- Authors: Alberts, I E
- Date: 1966
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:20965 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5696
- Description: From Introduction: The use of chemical molluscicides in the control of schistosome transmitting snails has been largely based on empirical studies of toxicity, rather than on a clear understanding of basic physiology and biochemistry of snail hosts. It is therefore possible that purely physiological studies may in themselves provide information which could be of value in the development of more effective mollucicides. In this investigation an attempt has been made to understand some aspects of the respiratory physiology of three species of fresh-water pulmonate snails, all of which are of medical and veterinary importance in the Republic of South Africa. Bulinus (Physopsis) africanus (Krauss) is the intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium, the causative organism of human schistosomiasis (Bilharziasis). Bulinus (Bulinus) tropicus (Krauss) is the intermediate host of the conical flukes Calicophoron calicophorum and Paramphistomum microbothrium and of the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica, while Lymnaea natalensis Krauss is the intermediate host of the liver fluke Fasciola gigantica.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1966
- Authors: Alberts, I E
- Date: 1966
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:20965 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5696
- Description: From Introduction: The use of chemical molluscicides in the control of schistosome transmitting snails has been largely based on empirical studies of toxicity, rather than on a clear understanding of basic physiology and biochemistry of snail hosts. It is therefore possible that purely physiological studies may in themselves provide information which could be of value in the development of more effective mollucicides. In this investigation an attempt has been made to understand some aspects of the respiratory physiology of three species of fresh-water pulmonate snails, all of which are of medical and veterinary importance in the Republic of South Africa. Bulinus (Physopsis) africanus (Krauss) is the intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium, the causative organism of human schistosomiasis (Bilharziasis). Bulinus (Bulinus) tropicus (Krauss) is the intermediate host of the conical flukes Calicophoron calicophorum and Paramphistomum microbothrium and of the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica, while Lymnaea natalensis Krauss is the intermediate host of the liver fluke Fasciola gigantica.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1966
A case study investigation of the neuropsychological profile of a rugby player with a history of multiple concussions
- Authors: Case, Stephanie
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: Rugby football injuries , Brain -- Concussion -- Complications , Neuropsychological tests , Head -- Wounds and injuries -- Complications , Sports injuries -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3165 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007727 , Rugby football injuries , Brain -- Concussion -- Complications , Neuropsychological tests , Head -- Wounds and injuries -- Complications , Sports injuries -- Psychological aspects
- Description: sustained multiple concussions may be at risk of cumulative impairment. The role of neuropsychological testing in the management of sports-related concussion is a contentious and challenging issue which has gained credibility given the lack of clear and well-established guidelines pertaining to the diagnosis, assessment and return-to-play decisions following concussion. Despite various traditional paper and pencil tests being shown to be effective indicators of postconcussive neuropsychological dysfunction, testing has not been widely implemented, due to time- and labour-demands. ImPACT, a computer-based neuropsychological assessment instrument, has been recognised as a valid and reliable tool in the monitoring of athletes' symptoms and neurocognitive functioning preseason and postconcussion. As a part of larger-scale concussion research conducted on top-team university rugby players, this is an in-depth case study conducted on a 20-year old participant with a history of multiple concussions, who was referred following a concussion sustained during the season. The objectives of the study were: (i) to determine the sensitivity of ImPACT versus WAIS-III Digit Span and Trail Making Test during the acute postconcussive phase; and (ii) to examine the sensitivity of ImPACT versus a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests to possible residual deficits as a result of the multiple concussions. ImPACT was determined to be more sensitive to acute postconcussive impairment following concussion than Digit Span and Trail Making Test. Furthermore, the ImPACT preseason baseline scores appear to be sensitive to neurocognitive dysfunction, possibly due to cumulative concussive injuries.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Case, Stephanie
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: Rugby football injuries , Brain -- Concussion -- Complications , Neuropsychological tests , Head -- Wounds and injuries -- Complications , Sports injuries -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3165 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007727 , Rugby football injuries , Brain -- Concussion -- Complications , Neuropsychological tests , Head -- Wounds and injuries -- Complications , Sports injuries -- Psychological aspects
- Description: sustained multiple concussions may be at risk of cumulative impairment. The role of neuropsychological testing in the management of sports-related concussion is a contentious and challenging issue which has gained credibility given the lack of clear and well-established guidelines pertaining to the diagnosis, assessment and return-to-play decisions following concussion. Despite various traditional paper and pencil tests being shown to be effective indicators of postconcussive neuropsychological dysfunction, testing has not been widely implemented, due to time- and labour-demands. ImPACT, a computer-based neuropsychological assessment instrument, has been recognised as a valid and reliable tool in the monitoring of athletes' symptoms and neurocognitive functioning preseason and postconcussion. As a part of larger-scale concussion research conducted on top-team university rugby players, this is an in-depth case study conducted on a 20-year old participant with a history of multiple concussions, who was referred following a concussion sustained during the season. The objectives of the study were: (i) to determine the sensitivity of ImPACT versus WAIS-III Digit Span and Trail Making Test during the acute postconcussive phase; and (ii) to examine the sensitivity of ImPACT versus a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests to possible residual deficits as a result of the multiple concussions. ImPACT was determined to be more sensitive to acute postconcussive impairment following concussion than Digit Span and Trail Making Test. Furthermore, the ImPACT preseason baseline scores appear to be sensitive to neurocognitive dysfunction, possibly due to cumulative concussive injuries.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
A phenomenological study of the experiences of adolescents following maternal HIV-disclosure
- Sibanyoni, Sibongile Success
- Authors: Sibanyoni, Sibongile Success
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: HIV infections -- Transmission -- South Africa -- Grahamstown , HIV-positive youth -- South Africa -- Grahamstown , Teenagers -- Diseases -- South Africa -- Grahamstown , HIV infections -- Social aspects -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3231 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013125
- Description: Maternal HIV-disclosure to an adolescent is a controversial issue especially when considering the suitable time and context in which disclosure should take place. Furthermore there have been other considerations such as the adolescent’s emotional maturity as well as gender issues which have played a role in regards to determining whether the adolescent would be able to understand and cope effectively post-disclosure. These considerations formed the basis of this study’s aim and objectives which primarily focused on taking into account the developmental aspects apparent in the adolescent phase. These include adolescent’s relations with their mother, their peers and the meaning attached to having an education and career in their lives. For purposes of this study it was deemed important to actually explore with the adolescent’s the meaning they uphold pertaining to maternal HIVdisclosure. This differs from previous research which has focused predominantly on accessing adolescent’s experiences via their parents and in particular, their mothers. Data of only three participants was included following in-depth interviews being conducted. Data was analysed via Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) which enabled an enhanced understanding and meaningful interpretation of the adolescent’s experiences following maternal HIV-disclosure. From the findings it became apparent that most concerns had already been addressed and were similar when compared to previous research that had been conducted. However one notable different finding was that instead of adolescent’s acting in ways that would lead to them self-sabotaging their lives they instead portrayed themselves to be living in a responsible manner. It became apparent rather that it was the adolescent’s mother rather that became more inclined to engage in self-sabotaging behaviours.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Sibanyoni, Sibongile Success
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: HIV infections -- Transmission -- South Africa -- Grahamstown , HIV-positive youth -- South Africa -- Grahamstown , Teenagers -- Diseases -- South Africa -- Grahamstown , HIV infections -- Social aspects -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3231 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013125
- Description: Maternal HIV-disclosure to an adolescent is a controversial issue especially when considering the suitable time and context in which disclosure should take place. Furthermore there have been other considerations such as the adolescent’s emotional maturity as well as gender issues which have played a role in regards to determining whether the adolescent would be able to understand and cope effectively post-disclosure. These considerations formed the basis of this study’s aim and objectives which primarily focused on taking into account the developmental aspects apparent in the adolescent phase. These include adolescent’s relations with their mother, their peers and the meaning attached to having an education and career in their lives. For purposes of this study it was deemed important to actually explore with the adolescent’s the meaning they uphold pertaining to maternal HIVdisclosure. This differs from previous research which has focused predominantly on accessing adolescent’s experiences via their parents and in particular, their mothers. Data of only three participants was included following in-depth interviews being conducted. Data was analysed via Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) which enabled an enhanced understanding and meaningful interpretation of the adolescent’s experiences following maternal HIV-disclosure. From the findings it became apparent that most concerns had already been addressed and were similar when compared to previous research that had been conducted. However one notable different finding was that instead of adolescent’s acting in ways that would lead to them self-sabotaging their lives they instead portrayed themselves to be living in a responsible manner. It became apparent rather that it was the adolescent’s mother rather that became more inclined to engage in self-sabotaging behaviours.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The exchange rate volatility and inflation rate in South Africa
- Authors: Milisi, Busisiwe
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Foreign exchange rates -- South Africa , Monetary policy -- South Africa , Inflation (Finance) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/9151 , vital:26469
- Description: The study examines exchange rate volatility and inflation in South Africa over the period of 1987- 2012 using annual data. With the use of VAR, ADF unit root testing and Johansen for cointegration the study examines the relationship between exchange rate volatility and inflation in South Africa. The study also examines other variables, which are Money Supply, Trade Openness, Real Interest Rate and Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP), if they had an impact on inflation and had contributed significantly to inflation during the period under review. All macroeconomic variables were identified to have an impact on inflation in the long-run. Exchange rate volatility was identified as the main variable that had substantial impact on inflation rate. The study recommended the current system used by the authorities was working well, as they can pursue a countercyclical macro policy, but also continue to manage the float by intervening to stabilize the exchange rate. The reason for this recommendation was that because one of the advantages of floating exchange rate is freeing internal policy, with a floating exchange rate, balance of payments disequilibrium would be rectified by a change in the external price of the currency. However, with a fixed rate, curing a deficit could involve a general deflationary policy resulting in unpleasant consequences for the whole economy such as unemployment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Milisi, Busisiwe
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Foreign exchange rates -- South Africa , Monetary policy -- South Africa , Inflation (Finance) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/9151 , vital:26469
- Description: The study examines exchange rate volatility and inflation in South Africa over the period of 1987- 2012 using annual data. With the use of VAR, ADF unit root testing and Johansen for cointegration the study examines the relationship between exchange rate volatility and inflation in South Africa. The study also examines other variables, which are Money Supply, Trade Openness, Real Interest Rate and Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP), if they had an impact on inflation and had contributed significantly to inflation during the period under review. All macroeconomic variables were identified to have an impact on inflation in the long-run. Exchange rate volatility was identified as the main variable that had substantial impact on inflation rate. The study recommended the current system used by the authorities was working well, as they can pursue a countercyclical macro policy, but also continue to manage the float by intervening to stabilize the exchange rate. The reason for this recommendation was that because one of the advantages of floating exchange rate is freeing internal policy, with a floating exchange rate, balance of payments disequilibrium would be rectified by a change in the external price of the currency. However, with a fixed rate, curing a deficit could involve a general deflationary policy resulting in unpleasant consequences for the whole economy such as unemployment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
An investigation into the types of classroom tasks senior secondary school (grade 11 and 12) mathematics teachers give to their learners : a case study
- Authors: Shapange, Ismael
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Mathematics -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- Namibia -- Omusati , Task analysis in education -- Namibia -- Omusati , Student-centered learning -- Namibia -- Omusati , High school teaching -- Namibia -- Omusati
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:2045 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017356
- Description: This interpretive case study was undertaken to investigate the nature of classroom tasks that teachers give to their learners and to gain insights into how they choose these tasks. It was carried out at two secondary schools in the Okahao circuit of the Omusati region in Namibia. The schools range from Grade 8 to Grade 12. This study focused mainly on teachers who teach Mathematics at senior secondary phase (Grade 11 and 12). The research participants were of four mathematics teachers – two from each school. The study was designed around two phases. Phase one consisted of video-recording of lessons, and phase two consisted of interviewing the teachers. The main purpose of the study was to ascertain the types and nature of tasks that teachers give to their learners and to gain insights into how they chose these tasks. The research adopted a combination of both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study revealed that the participating teachers provided a near equal amount of lower level cognitive tasks and higher level cognitive tasks. It further revealed several factors that influence teachers when selecting the types of tasks they give to their learners. These factors include curriculum requirements, types of learners and their experiences, and learners’ contexts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Shapange, Ismael
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Mathematics -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- Namibia -- Omusati , Task analysis in education -- Namibia -- Omusati , Student-centered learning -- Namibia -- Omusati , High school teaching -- Namibia -- Omusati
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:2045 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017356
- Description: This interpretive case study was undertaken to investigate the nature of classroom tasks that teachers give to their learners and to gain insights into how they choose these tasks. It was carried out at two secondary schools in the Okahao circuit of the Omusati region in Namibia. The schools range from Grade 8 to Grade 12. This study focused mainly on teachers who teach Mathematics at senior secondary phase (Grade 11 and 12). The research participants were of four mathematics teachers – two from each school. The study was designed around two phases. Phase one consisted of video-recording of lessons, and phase two consisted of interviewing the teachers. The main purpose of the study was to ascertain the types and nature of tasks that teachers give to their learners and to gain insights into how they chose these tasks. The research adopted a combination of both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study revealed that the participating teachers provided a near equal amount of lower level cognitive tasks and higher level cognitive tasks. It further revealed several factors that influence teachers when selecting the types of tasks they give to their learners. These factors include curriculum requirements, types of learners and their experiences, and learners’ contexts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Law, reason and religion : a study of selected aspects of the relationship between law and Christian theology
- Authors: Rowe, Michael C
- Date: 1964
- Subjects: Law (Theology) , Law and gospel , Faith and reason
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BDiv
- Identifier: vital:1270 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013099
- Description: One cannot say what meaning the theologian ordinarily gives to 'law' as a secular term, no doubt he would claim to give it a 'plain, unambiguous meaning ' such as a rule of conduct imposed by society and enforced by sanctions'. Perhaps this will do for ordinary purposes, but there are some who tend to import an emotive meaning into the term. They understand the term 'law' in a perjorative sense as being mechanical and and coercive, requiring only literal obedience and therefore opposed to faith which is personal, free, and a response not of obedience but of love. It does not seem to occur to them. that the average person freely accepts law as binding, or that sometimes there may be no sanction for not observing a rule of law, or that law is not static but dynamic, constantly changing. Chap. 1, p. 4.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1964
- Authors: Rowe, Michael C
- Date: 1964
- Subjects: Law (Theology) , Law and gospel , Faith and reason
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BDiv
- Identifier: vital:1270 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013099
- Description: One cannot say what meaning the theologian ordinarily gives to 'law' as a secular term, no doubt he would claim to give it a 'plain, unambiguous meaning ' such as a rule of conduct imposed by society and enforced by sanctions'. Perhaps this will do for ordinary purposes, but there are some who tend to import an emotive meaning into the term. They understand the term 'law' in a perjorative sense as being mechanical and and coercive, requiring only literal obedience and therefore opposed to faith which is personal, free, and a response not of obedience but of love. It does not seem to occur to them. that the average person freely accepts law as binding, or that sometimes there may be no sanction for not observing a rule of law, or that law is not static but dynamic, constantly changing. Chap. 1, p. 4.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1964
Evaluating coverage of the environment: a comparative study of the observations of academics and journalists
- Authors: Koro, Emmanuel
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/64888 , vital:28628
- Description: This study is a comparative analysis of the way that academics and journalists evaluate media coverage of news about the environment. The purpose is to gain insight into the kind of contributions that each of these groups can make to debates about the role that such coverage should play within processes of public deliberations about the environment. The dissertation begins by establishing theoretical terms of reference for assessing discussions of the journalistic coverage of the environment. It proposes that it is of value to consider the conceptualisation, within such discussions, of credible knowledge about the environment and, more particularly, to establish whether such conceptualisation is based within a positivist, interpretive, or critical realist paradigm. It is demonstrated that each of these epistemological traditions brings valuable perspectives to the discussion of journalism about the environment within such literature. It is, however, the positivist perspective that remains dominant, and this limits the extent to which the potential of the other two epistemological positions are fully realized. It is also demonstrated that there is a tendency, within this literature, to focus on the performance of individual journalists with minimal attention to the particularities of institutional and social context. It is proposed that this tendency results from the adherence to a positivist approach to the evaluation of journalism. The dissertation then describes the design and implementation of the empirical component of the study - dealing with decisions made about the overall methodological framing, the choice of method, the fieldwork plan and the approach to analysis. It is explained that the aim of the empirical component was to examine South African print journalists’ discussions of coverage of the environment in their own publications, and to compare such discussion to that which is represented in the academic literature. The dissertation then presents a summary of the themes that emerged from the analysis of the interview material that formed part of this empirical work. It is demonstrated that the evaluation of coverage of the environment, as articulated by the research participants, is informed by many of the assumptions and values that can be identified within academic literature. Such evaluation is, furthermore, similarly informed by a positivist, interpretive and critical treatment of knowledge - with, again, a tendency for the positivist position to dominate. One important difference is that the research participants include more references to institutional context. It is proposed, however, that the tendency to prioritise a positivist epistemological framing continues to place limitations on the extent to which the participants are able to fully articulate their knowledge about such context.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Koro, Emmanuel
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/64888 , vital:28628
- Description: This study is a comparative analysis of the way that academics and journalists evaluate media coverage of news about the environment. The purpose is to gain insight into the kind of contributions that each of these groups can make to debates about the role that such coverage should play within processes of public deliberations about the environment. The dissertation begins by establishing theoretical terms of reference for assessing discussions of the journalistic coverage of the environment. It proposes that it is of value to consider the conceptualisation, within such discussions, of credible knowledge about the environment and, more particularly, to establish whether such conceptualisation is based within a positivist, interpretive, or critical realist paradigm. It is demonstrated that each of these epistemological traditions brings valuable perspectives to the discussion of journalism about the environment within such literature. It is, however, the positivist perspective that remains dominant, and this limits the extent to which the potential of the other two epistemological positions are fully realized. It is also demonstrated that there is a tendency, within this literature, to focus on the performance of individual journalists with minimal attention to the particularities of institutional and social context. It is proposed that this tendency results from the adherence to a positivist approach to the evaluation of journalism. The dissertation then describes the design and implementation of the empirical component of the study - dealing with decisions made about the overall methodological framing, the choice of method, the fieldwork plan and the approach to analysis. It is explained that the aim of the empirical component was to examine South African print journalists’ discussions of coverage of the environment in their own publications, and to compare such discussion to that which is represented in the academic literature. The dissertation then presents a summary of the themes that emerged from the analysis of the interview material that formed part of this empirical work. It is demonstrated that the evaluation of coverage of the environment, as articulated by the research participants, is informed by many of the assumptions and values that can be identified within academic literature. Such evaluation is, furthermore, similarly informed by a positivist, interpretive and critical treatment of knowledge - with, again, a tendency for the positivist position to dominate. One important difference is that the research participants include more references to institutional context. It is proposed, however, that the tendency to prioritise a positivist epistemological framing continues to place limitations on the extent to which the participants are able to fully articulate their knowledge about such context.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Perceptions of adolescents and professional on the psycho-social challenges faced by adolescents in Bisho child and youth care facilities, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Magoqwana, Yandiswa
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Social problems -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Child care services -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12970 , vital:39412
- Description: This research explored the perceptions of adolescents and professionals on the psycho-social challenges faced by adolescents in Bisho Child and Youth Care Centre, in the Eastern Cape Province. The researcher cross examined the challenges faced by adolescent in Bisho Child and Youth Care Centre. The research study aimed to explore the perceptions of adolescents and professionals on the psycho-social challenges faced by adolescents in Bisho Child and Youth Care Centre. The study was premised by three objectives, firstly to examine the perceptions of adolescents and professionals on the psycho-social challenges faced by adolescents in the Bisho Child and Youth Care Centre. Secondly to investigate the behavioural problems experienced by adolescents in the Bisho Youth Care Centre. Thirdly to examine the kind of support provided by professionals like Social workers, Educators, Professional Nurse, Bricklaying Instructor , Child and Youth Care Worker Supervisor and Child and Youth Care Worker . The researcher used qualitative method because it provides a deep understanding of
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Magoqwana, Yandiswa
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Social problems -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Child care services -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12970 , vital:39412
- Description: This research explored the perceptions of adolescents and professionals on the psycho-social challenges faced by adolescents in Bisho Child and Youth Care Centre, in the Eastern Cape Province. The researcher cross examined the challenges faced by adolescent in Bisho Child and Youth Care Centre. The research study aimed to explore the perceptions of adolescents and professionals on the psycho-social challenges faced by adolescents in Bisho Child and Youth Care Centre. The study was premised by three objectives, firstly to examine the perceptions of adolescents and professionals on the psycho-social challenges faced by adolescents in the Bisho Child and Youth Care Centre. Secondly to investigate the behavioural problems experienced by adolescents in the Bisho Youth Care Centre. Thirdly to examine the kind of support provided by professionals like Social workers, Educators, Professional Nurse, Bricklaying Instructor , Child and Youth Care Worker Supervisor and Child and Youth Care Worker . The researcher used qualitative method because it provides a deep understanding of
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017