Civil society and state-centred struggles
- Authors: Helliker, Kirk D
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/71231 , vital:29821 , https://doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2012.641723
- Description: This article is about civil society and state-centred struggles in contemporary Zimbabwe. I first identify and outline three current understandings of civil society. Two understandings (one Liberal, one Radical) are state-centric and exist firmly within the logic of state discourses and state politics. A third understanding, also Radical, is society-centric and speaks about politics existing at a distance from the state and possibly beyond the boundaries of civil society. This civil society-state discussion frames the second section of the article, which looks specifically at Zimbabwe. It details civil society as contested terrain (from the late 1990s onwards) within the context of a scholarly debate about agrarian transformation and political change. This debate, which reproduces (in theoretical garb) the key political society (or party) fault-lines within Zimbabwean society, has taken place primarily within the restricted confines of state-centred discourses.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Helliker, Kirk D
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/71231 , vital:29821 , https://doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2012.641723
- Description: This article is about civil society and state-centred struggles in contemporary Zimbabwe. I first identify and outline three current understandings of civil society. Two understandings (one Liberal, one Radical) are state-centric and exist firmly within the logic of state discourses and state politics. A third understanding, also Radical, is society-centric and speaks about politics existing at a distance from the state and possibly beyond the boundaries of civil society. This civil society-state discussion frames the second section of the article, which looks specifically at Zimbabwe. It details civil society as contested terrain (from the late 1990s onwards) within the context of a scholarly debate about agrarian transformation and political change. This debate, which reproduces (in theoretical garb) the key political society (or party) fault-lines within Zimbabwean society, has taken place primarily within the restricted confines of state-centred discourses.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Forty years of historical research in South Africa: some general trends and personal recollections
- Authors: Maylam, Paul
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:590 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019739
- Description: Vice Chancellor's Distinguished Research Award Lecture, Rhodes University, 15 October 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Maylam, Paul
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:590 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019739
- Description: Vice Chancellor's Distinguished Research Award Lecture, Rhodes University, 15 October 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Love thy neighbour : group properties of gaping behaviour in mussel aggregations
- Nicastro, Katy R, Zardi, Gerardo I, McQuaid, Christopher D, Pearson, Gareth A, Serrão, Ester A
- Authors: Nicastro, Katy R , Zardi, Gerardo I , McQuaid, Christopher D , Pearson, Gareth A , Serrão, Ester A
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6841 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010991
- Description: By associating closely with others to form a group, an animal can benefit from a number of advantages including reduced risk of predation, amelioration of environmental conditions, and increased reproductive success, but at the price of reduced resources. Although made up of individual members, an aggregation often displays novel effects that do not manifest at the level of the individual organism. Here we show that very simple behaviour in intertidal mussels shows new effects in dense aggregations but not in isolated individuals. Perna perna and Mytilus galloprovincialis are gaping (periodic valve movement during emersion) and non-gaping mussels respectively. P. perna gaping behaviour had no effect on body temperatures of isolated individuals, while it led to increased humidity and decreased temperatures in dense groups (beds). Gaping resulted in cooler body temperatures for P. perna than M. galloprovincialis when in aggregations, while solitary individuals exhibited the highest temperatures. Gradients of increasing body temperature were detected from the center to edges of beds, but M. galloprovincialis at the edge had the same temperature as isolated individuals. Furthermore, a field study showed that during periods of severe heat stress, mortality rates of mussels within beds of the gaping P. perna were lower than those of isolated individuals or within beds of M. galloprovincialis, highlighting the determinant role of gaping on fitness and group functioning. We demonstrate that new effects of very simple individual behaviour lead to amelioration of abiotic conditions at the aggregation level and that these effects increase mussel resistance to thermal stress.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Nicastro, Katy R , Zardi, Gerardo I , McQuaid, Christopher D , Pearson, Gareth A , Serrão, Ester A
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6841 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010991
- Description: By associating closely with others to form a group, an animal can benefit from a number of advantages including reduced risk of predation, amelioration of environmental conditions, and increased reproductive success, but at the price of reduced resources. Although made up of individual members, an aggregation often displays novel effects that do not manifest at the level of the individual organism. Here we show that very simple behaviour in intertidal mussels shows new effects in dense aggregations but not in isolated individuals. Perna perna and Mytilus galloprovincialis are gaping (periodic valve movement during emersion) and non-gaping mussels respectively. P. perna gaping behaviour had no effect on body temperatures of isolated individuals, while it led to increased humidity and decreased temperatures in dense groups (beds). Gaping resulted in cooler body temperatures for P. perna than M. galloprovincialis when in aggregations, while solitary individuals exhibited the highest temperatures. Gradients of increasing body temperature were detected from the center to edges of beds, but M. galloprovincialis at the edge had the same temperature as isolated individuals. Furthermore, a field study showed that during periods of severe heat stress, mortality rates of mussels within beds of the gaping P. perna were lower than those of isolated individuals or within beds of M. galloprovincialis, highlighting the determinant role of gaping on fitness and group functioning. We demonstrate that new effects of very simple individual behaviour lead to amelioration of abiotic conditions at the aggregation level and that these effects increase mussel resistance to thermal stress.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Rhodes University Library Annual Report 2011 : acting Library Director’s Review
- Authors: Berger, Jeanne
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:7944 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011891
- Description: [From the Introduction] 2011 saw the consolidation of a number of changes to Library services implemented in 2010 as a result of the 2009 Review of the Library Services Division. These include: 1) Collection development operating as a collaborative effort between Library staff and the academic community. The Collection Development Policy also underwent a major revision and was approved by Senate in October as the “Collection Development and Management Policy and Guidelines”. 2) The Faculty Liaison Service – the librarians in these teams are now proactively liaising with academics, for example, playing a crucial role in collection development for the departments, ensuring that they spend their information resources grants, creating awareness of appropriate online information resources and offering information literacy workshops.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Berger, Jeanne
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:7944 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011891
- Description: [From the Introduction] 2011 saw the consolidation of a number of changes to Library services implemented in 2010 as a result of the 2009 Review of the Library Services Division. These include: 1) Collection development operating as a collaborative effort between Library staff and the academic community. The Collection Development Policy also underwent a major revision and was approved by Senate in October as the “Collection Development and Management Policy and Guidelines”. 2) The Faculty Liaison Service – the librarians in these teams are now proactively liaising with academics, for example, playing a crucial role in collection development for the departments, ensuring that they spend their information resources grants, creating awareness of appropriate online information resources and offering information literacy workshops.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Understanding characteristics that define the feasibility of conservation actions in a common pool marine resource governance system
- Mills, Morena, Pressey, Robert L, Ban, Natalie C, Foale, Simon, Aswani, Shankar, Knight, Andrew T
- Authors: Mills, Morena , Pressey, Robert L , Ban, Natalie C , Foale, Simon , Aswani, Shankar , Knight, Andrew T
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/70603 , vital:29680 , https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12025
- Description: Effective conservation requires people to make choices about how they interact with the environment. Social characteristics influence the likelihood of establishing conservation actions with strong compliance (hereafter “feasibility”), but are rarely considered in conservation planning. Our study makes two contributions to understand feasibility. First, we explicitly test the associations between social characteristics and the presence and form of resource management. Second, we compare the ability of different types of data to elucidate feasibility. We use Ostrom’s (2007) thinking on social–ecological systems and literature on resource management in Melanesia to create a context-specific framework to identify social characteristics that influence feasibility for conservation management. We then apply this framework and test for associations between the presence and form of management on one hand and social characteristics on the other, using data collected at different resolutions. We found that conservation feasibility was associated with characteristics of the governance system, users, and the social, economic, and political setting. Villages with different forms of management were more similar to each other socially than to villages without management. Social data collected at the resolution of households accounted for over double the variation in the form and presence of management compared to data at the resolution of villages. Our methods can be adapted to conservation planning initiatives in other socioeconomic settings.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Mills, Morena , Pressey, Robert L , Ban, Natalie C , Foale, Simon , Aswani, Shankar , Knight, Andrew T
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/70603 , vital:29680 , https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12025
- Description: Effective conservation requires people to make choices about how they interact with the environment. Social characteristics influence the likelihood of establishing conservation actions with strong compliance (hereafter “feasibility”), but are rarely considered in conservation planning. Our study makes two contributions to understand feasibility. First, we explicitly test the associations between social characteristics and the presence and form of resource management. Second, we compare the ability of different types of data to elucidate feasibility. We use Ostrom’s (2007) thinking on social–ecological systems and literature on resource management in Melanesia to create a context-specific framework to identify social characteristics that influence feasibility for conservation management. We then apply this framework and test for associations between the presence and form of management on one hand and social characteristics on the other, using data collected at different resolutions. We found that conservation feasibility was associated with characteristics of the governance system, users, and the social, economic, and political setting. Villages with different forms of management were more similar to each other socially than to villages without management. Social data collected at the resolution of households accounted for over double the variation in the form and presence of management compared to data at the resolution of villages. Our methods can be adapted to conservation planning initiatives in other socioeconomic settings.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Welcome Address of the Vice‐Chancellor of Rhodes University, Dr Saleem Badat, to First‐Year students
- Authors: Badat, Saleem
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:7592 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006583
- Description: From introduction: Our first purpose is to produce knowledge, so that we can better understand our natural and social worlds and also enrich our scientific and cultural heritage. The second purpose of a university is to disseminate knowledge and to develop critical and creative minds. Our goals, yours and ours, must be for you to think imaginatively, ‘effectively and critically;’ to ‘achieve depth in some field of knowledge;’ to appreciate how we ‘gain knowledge and understanding of the universe, of society, and of ourselves;’ to have ‘a broad knowledge of other cultures and other times;’ to critique ideas and views and construct alternatives, and to communicate cogently, orally and in writing. Our final purpose as a university is to undertake community engagement, whether this is as part of academic courses or your voluntary participation in community projects organized by our Community Engagement Office.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Welcome Address of the Vice‐Chancellor of Rhodes University, Dr Saleem Badat, to First‐Year students
- Authors: Badat, Saleem
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:7592 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006583
- Description: From introduction: Our first purpose is to produce knowledge, so that we can better understand our natural and social worlds and also enrich our scientific and cultural heritage. The second purpose of a university is to disseminate knowledge and to develop critical and creative minds. Our goals, yours and ours, must be for you to think imaginatively, ‘effectively and critically;’ to ‘achieve depth in some field of knowledge;’ to appreciate how we ‘gain knowledge and understanding of the universe, of society, and of ourselves;’ to have ‘a broad knowledge of other cultures and other times;’ to critique ideas and views and construct alternatives, and to communicate cogently, orally and in writing. Our final purpose as a university is to undertake community engagement, whether this is as part of academic courses or your voluntary participation in community projects organized by our Community Engagement Office.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Inkcubeko Nendalo: a bio-cultural diversity schools education project in South Africa and its implications for inclusive Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) Sustainability.
- Cocks, Michelle L, Alexander, Jamie K, Dold, Anthony P
- Authors: Cocks, Michelle L , Alexander, Jamie K , Dold, Anthony P
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/141187 , vital:37951 , DOI: 10.1177/0973408212475232
- Description: South Africa is currently the world’s third most biodiverse country, with one of the highest concentrations of threatened biodiversity in the world. Emerging research reveals the increasing pressure on this biodiversity with many wild resources continuing to be utilised for livelihood purposes even within urban environments. The Rio conventions, particularly the CBD, call for an integrated approach to conservation that incorporates local environmental knowledge and practices. In a bid to market itself as globally competitive, South Africa’s Curriculum 2005 (C 2005) is primarily focused on Western-based scientific knowledge, which sidelines the contribution of indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) and ignores the holistic nature of indigenous worldviews. The Inkcubeko Nendalo programme is designed to revitalise cultural identity, showing children the value of local indigenous knowledge and cultural environmental values.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Cocks, Michelle L , Alexander, Jamie K , Dold, Anthony P
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/141187 , vital:37951 , DOI: 10.1177/0973408212475232
- Description: South Africa is currently the world’s third most biodiverse country, with one of the highest concentrations of threatened biodiversity in the world. Emerging research reveals the increasing pressure on this biodiversity with many wild resources continuing to be utilised for livelihood purposes even within urban environments. The Rio conventions, particularly the CBD, call for an integrated approach to conservation that incorporates local environmental knowledge and practices. In a bid to market itself as globally competitive, South Africa’s Curriculum 2005 (C 2005) is primarily focused on Western-based scientific knowledge, which sidelines the contribution of indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) and ignores the holistic nature of indigenous worldviews. The Inkcubeko Nendalo programme is designed to revitalise cultural identity, showing children the value of local indigenous knowledge and cultural environmental values.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Key drivers of change and their implications for Construction Management in the next decade: an eclectic approach
- Authors: Shakantu, Winston
- Subjects: Change , Construction industry , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20912 , vital:29416
- Description: I chose to look at ‘key drivers of change’ as change is the only constant in our lives; its winds keep blowing in perpetuity. Drivers of change are factors that induce or compel organisations to modify their actions in response to change. The drivers of change originate mainly in the macro-environment and in most cases in the micro-environment. As for why ‘implications for construction management research’ it is because of the four areas of responsibility for an academic, that is, Teaching, Research, Engagement and Administration, research informs all the four. Therefore, it seems to be the logical departure point for a professorial exposition.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Shakantu, Winston
- Subjects: Change , Construction industry , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20912 , vital:29416
- Description: I chose to look at ‘key drivers of change’ as change is the only constant in our lives; its winds keep blowing in perpetuity. Drivers of change are factors that induce or compel organisations to modify their actions in response to change. The drivers of change originate mainly in the macro-environment and in most cases in the micro-environment. As for why ‘implications for construction management research’ it is because of the four areas of responsibility for an academic, that is, Teaching, Research, Engagement and Administration, research informs all the four. Therefore, it seems to be the logical departure point for a professorial exposition.
- Full Text:
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