Methinks he doth protest too much - recovering unjustified payments made under duress and protest
- Authors: Glover, Graham B
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/70744 , vital:29724 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC55014
- Description: The private law doctrine of duress, although mostly discussed in the context of the law of contract in South Africa, is also relevant in the law of unjustified enrichment. Where an unjustified payment or transfer of some kind has been induced by duress, in a situation where there is no contractual relationship between the parties, the aggrieved party will be entitled to reclaim the payment or transfer. The principles of enrichment law will apply in such cases.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Glover, Graham B
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/70744 , vital:29724 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC55014
- Description: The private law doctrine of duress, although mostly discussed in the context of the law of contract in South Africa, is also relevant in the law of unjustified enrichment. Where an unjustified payment or transfer of some kind has been induced by duress, in a situation where there is no contractual relationship between the parties, the aggrieved party will be entitled to reclaim the payment or transfer. The principles of enrichment law will apply in such cases.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2006
Electrocatalysis of asulam on cobalt phthalocyanine modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes immobilized on a basal plane pyrolytic graphite electrode
- Siswana, Msimelelo P, Ozoemena, Kenneth I, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Siswana, Msimelelo P , Ozoemena, Kenneth I , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6595 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004344
- Description: This work describes the electrochemical properties of cobalt tetra-aminophthalocyanine (CoTAPc) complex electropolymerized at the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) abrasively immobilized onto a basal plane pyrolytic graphite electrode (BPPGE). The constructed electrode displayed excellent electrocatalytic behaviour towards the oxidation of the herbicide, asulam, as evidenced by the enhancement of the oxidation peak current (~6 times) and the shift in the oxidation potential to lower values (by ~120 mV) in comparison with the bare BPPGE. The chronoamperometric detection of asulam which was carried out in 0.10 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) at a fixed potential of 0.65 V (versus Ag|AgCl) yielded excellent analytical parameters; a linear concentration range of 4.5–20 μM, a sensitivity of 241 × 10[superscript −3] μA/μM, a detection limit of 1.15 μM asulam (using the Y[subscript B] + 3σ criterion) and a response time of ~2 s.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Siswana, Msimelelo P , Ozoemena, Kenneth I , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6595 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004344
- Description: This work describes the electrochemical properties of cobalt tetra-aminophthalocyanine (CoTAPc) complex electropolymerized at the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) abrasively immobilized onto a basal plane pyrolytic graphite electrode (BPPGE). The constructed electrode displayed excellent electrocatalytic behaviour towards the oxidation of the herbicide, asulam, as evidenced by the enhancement of the oxidation peak current (~6 times) and the shift in the oxidation potential to lower values (by ~120 mV) in comparison with the bare BPPGE. The chronoamperometric detection of asulam which was carried out in 0.10 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) at a fixed potential of 0.65 V (versus Ag|AgCl) yielded excellent analytical parameters; a linear concentration range of 4.5–20 μM, a sensitivity of 241 × 10[superscript −3] μA/μM, a detection limit of 1.15 μM asulam (using the Y[subscript B] + 3σ criterion) and a response time of ~2 s.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
Fishes of the deep demersal habitat at Ngazidja (Grand Comoro) Island, Western Indian Ocean
- Heemstra, P C, Hissmann, K, Fricke, H
- Authors: Heemstra, P C , Hissmann, K , Fricke, H
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:7128 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010638
- Description: Underwater observations of the coelacanth, Latimeria chalumnae Smith, 1939, from a research submersible provided opportunities to study the deep demersal fish fauna at the Comoro Islands. The demersal habitat in depths of 150–400 m at the volcanic island of Ngazidja is low in fish diversity and biomass, compared with the shallow-water coral reef habitat of Ngazidja or the deep demersal habitats of other localities in the Indo-Pacific region. The resident deep demersal fish fauna at Ngazidja is dominated by the coelacanth, an ancient predator that is specially adapted for this low-energy environment. Other large fish predators are scarce in this environment, because of the heavy fishing pressure from local fishermen. Eighty-nine fish taxa (including 65 recognizable species) were recorded from videotapes, photographs, visual observations, fishermen’s catches and ancillary attempts to sample the fish fauna with baited fish traps, gill nets, and hook and line. Although no coelacanth feeding events were seen, seven fish species are known from coelacanth stomach contents, and 64 other fish species in this habitat are considered potential prey of this dominant predator.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Heemstra, P C , Hissmann, K , Fricke, H
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:7128 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010638
- Description: Underwater observations of the coelacanth, Latimeria chalumnae Smith, 1939, from a research submersible provided opportunities to study the deep demersal fish fauna at the Comoro Islands. The demersal habitat in depths of 150–400 m at the volcanic island of Ngazidja is low in fish diversity and biomass, compared with the shallow-water coral reef habitat of Ngazidja or the deep demersal habitats of other localities in the Indo-Pacific region. The resident deep demersal fish fauna at Ngazidja is dominated by the coelacanth, an ancient predator that is specially adapted for this low-energy environment. Other large fish predators are scarce in this environment, because of the heavy fishing pressure from local fishermen. Eighty-nine fish taxa (including 65 recognizable species) were recorded from videotapes, photographs, visual observations, fishermen’s catches and ancillary attempts to sample the fish fauna with baited fish traps, gill nets, and hook and line. Although no coelacanth feeding events were seen, seven fish species are known from coelacanth stomach contents, and 64 other fish species in this habitat are considered potential prey of this dominant predator.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
Destined to come to blows?: race and constructions of “rational-intellectual” masculinity ten years after apartheid
- Authors: Vincent, Louise
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/141619 , vital:37990 , DOI: 10.1177/1097184X05277694
- Description: In 1994, a democratic government came to power in South Africa for the first time in the country's history. But political transition is never a single event or moment. Rather, it is a continuous process that faces setbacks and contradictions. One of the questions we might ask about a society in transition is to what extent its gender order has changed or is changing. The present paper sets out to read the country's transformation drama through the lens of contested conceptions of South African masculinity. The article is focused on one particular version of masculinity which it terms “rational-intellectual man,” and the argument is that a legacy of racism and the persistence of racialized modes of reasoning continue to marginalise black men from this and other powerful, high-status forms of hegemonic masculinity.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Vincent, Louise
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/141619 , vital:37990 , DOI: 10.1177/1097184X05277694
- Description: In 1994, a democratic government came to power in South Africa for the first time in the country's history. But political transition is never a single event or moment. Rather, it is a continuous process that faces setbacks and contradictions. One of the questions we might ask about a society in transition is to what extent its gender order has changed or is changing. The present paper sets out to read the country's transformation drama through the lens of contested conceptions of South African masculinity. The article is focused on one particular version of masculinity which it terms “rational-intellectual man,” and the argument is that a legacy of racism and the persistence of racialized modes of reasoning continue to marginalise black men from this and other powerful, high-status forms of hegemonic masculinity.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
Fuelwood harvesting and selection in Valley Thicket, South Africa
- Pote, J, Shackleton, Charlie M, Cocks, Michelle L, Lubke, Roy
- Authors: Pote, J , Shackleton, Charlie M , Cocks, Michelle L , Lubke, Roy
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6531 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005972
- Description: The Thicket Biome is the second smallest biome in South Africa, and is renowned for its high biodiversity. Yet, less than 5% of the biome is in formal conservation areas. Much of the currently intact thicket outside protected areas is threatened by land transformation to commercial agriculture or heavy use by rural communities. There is limited understanding of the ecological structure and function of thicket communities and their response to these human pressures. This paper reports on a study to characterize the woody communities in Valley Thicket and Thornveld surrounding a rural village. We also examined the demand and selection for specific woody species. There was a marked selection for key species for different uses, including fuelwood, construction timber, and cultural stacks. There was also strong selection for specific size classes of stem, especially those between 16–45 cm circumference. The density, biomass and species richness of woody species was reduced close to the village, and increased with distance away from human settlement. A similar trend was found for the basal area of preferred species, but not for the basal area of all species. The strong selectivity for both species and size class means that the anthropogenic impacts are not uniform within the woody strata, leading to marked changes in community structure and floristics at a local scale.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Pote, J , Shackleton, Charlie M , Cocks, Michelle L , Lubke, Roy
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6531 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005972
- Description: The Thicket Biome is the second smallest biome in South Africa, and is renowned for its high biodiversity. Yet, less than 5% of the biome is in formal conservation areas. Much of the currently intact thicket outside protected areas is threatened by land transformation to commercial agriculture or heavy use by rural communities. There is limited understanding of the ecological structure and function of thicket communities and their response to these human pressures. This paper reports on a study to characterize the woody communities in Valley Thicket and Thornveld surrounding a rural village. We also examined the demand and selection for specific woody species. There was a marked selection for key species for different uses, including fuelwood, construction timber, and cultural stacks. There was also strong selection for specific size classes of stem, especially those between 16–45 cm circumference. The density, biomass and species richness of woody species was reduced close to the village, and increased with distance away from human settlement. A similar trend was found for the basal area of preferred species, but not for the basal area of all species. The strong selectivity for both species and size class means that the anthropogenic impacts are not uniform within the woody strata, leading to marked changes in community structure and floristics at a local scale.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
Learning (dis)advantage in matriculation language classrooms
- Authors: Prinsloo, J
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: Book chapter
- Identifier: vital:529 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008479
- Description: During the first decade of democracy in South Africa formal education has been characterised by sweeping policy shifts and consequent curriculum revision. In many instances, curricular revisions are criticised for failing to effect desired or anticipated changes. In this chapter the focus is on the language curriculum and the associated practices, or what I refer to as the literacy practices that have become naturalised over decades and persist in the present. The argument that is presented here contends that to enable effective change, it is essential to understand better what has historically constituted literacy practices and to recognise their social, cultural and economic implications.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Prinsloo, J
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: Book chapter
- Identifier: vital:529 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008479
- Description: During the first decade of democracy in South Africa formal education has been characterised by sweeping policy shifts and consequent curriculum revision. In many instances, curricular revisions are criticised for failing to effect desired or anticipated changes. In this chapter the focus is on the language curriculum and the associated practices, or what I refer to as the literacy practices that have become naturalised over decades and persist in the present. The argument that is presented here contends that to enable effective change, it is essential to understand better what has historically constituted literacy practices and to recognise their social, cultural and economic implications.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
Fishes of the deep demersal habitat at Ngazidja (Grand Comoro) Island, Western Indian Ocean
- Heemstra, P C, Hissmann, K, Fricke, H
- Authors: Heemstra, P C , Hissmann, K , Fricke, H
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:7158 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011885
- Description: Underwater observations of the coelacanth, Latimeria chalumnae Smith, 1939, from a research submersible provided opportunities to study the deep demersal fish fauna at the Comoro Islands. The demersal habitat in depths of 150–400 m at the volcanic island of Ngazidja is low in fish diversity and biomass, compared with the shallow-water coral reef habitat of Ngazidja or the deep demersal habitats of other localities in the Indo-Pacific region. The resident deep demersal fish fauna at Ngazidja is dominated by the coelacanth, an ancient predator that is specially adapted for this low-energy environment. Other large fish predators are scarce in this environment, because of the heavy fishing pressure from local fishermen. Eighty-nine fish taxa (including 65 recognizable species) were recorded from videotapes, photographs, visual observations, fishermen’s catches and ancillary attempts to sample the fish fauna with baited fish traps, gill nets, and hook and line. Although no coelacanth feeding events were seen, seven fish species are known from coelacanth stomach contents, and 64 other fish species in this habitat are considered potential prey of this dominant predator.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Heemstra, P C , Hissmann, K , Fricke, H
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:7158 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011885
- Description: Underwater observations of the coelacanth, Latimeria chalumnae Smith, 1939, from a research submersible provided opportunities to study the deep demersal fish fauna at the Comoro Islands. The demersal habitat in depths of 150–400 m at the volcanic island of Ngazidja is low in fish diversity and biomass, compared with the shallow-water coral reef habitat of Ngazidja or the deep demersal habitats of other localities in the Indo-Pacific region. The resident deep demersal fish fauna at Ngazidja is dominated by the coelacanth, an ancient predator that is specially adapted for this low-energy environment. Other large fish predators are scarce in this environment, because of the heavy fishing pressure from local fishermen. Eighty-nine fish taxa (including 65 recognizable species) were recorded from videotapes, photographs, visual observations, fishermen’s catches and ancillary attempts to sample the fish fauna with baited fish traps, gill nets, and hook and line. Although no coelacanth feeding events were seen, seven fish species are known from coelacanth stomach contents, and 64 other fish species in this habitat are considered potential prey of this dominant predator.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
Media in the service of citizens
- Authors: Banda, Fackson
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: Conference paper
- Identifier: vital:6321 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008547
- Description: This lecture looks at the role of the media in promoting an enhanced citizenship, locating the debate within the discourse of development and freedom. It identifies threats to what can be characterised as a 'media-citizens compact', such as media over-commercialisation. It concludes that public-service media are cardinal to the enjoyment of citizenship rights and freedoms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Banda, Fackson
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: Conference paper
- Identifier: vital:6321 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008547
- Description: This lecture looks at the role of the media in promoting an enhanced citizenship, locating the debate within the discourse of development and freedom. It identifies threats to what can be characterised as a 'media-citizens compact', such as media over-commercialisation. It concludes that public-service media are cardinal to the enjoyment of citizenship rights and freedoms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
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