Regulation of the extracellular matrix by heat shock proteins and molecular chaperones:
- Boel, Natasha M-E, Edkins, Adrienne L
- Authors: Boel, Natasha M-E , Edkins, Adrienne L
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/164368 , vital:41112 , ISBN 978-3-319-69040-7 , DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-69042-1_6
- Description: The extracellular matrix (ECM) serves as a scaffold for cells within tissues and is composed of an intricate network of glycoproteins, growth factors and matricellular proteins which cooperatively function in cell processes such as migration, adhesion and wound healing. ECM morphology is constantly undergoing remodelling (synthesis, assembly and degradation) during normal cell processes and when deregulated may contribute to disease. Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are involved in regulating processes that determine the assembly and degradation of the ECM at multiple levels, in both normal and diseased states. These roles include mediating the activation of ECM-degrading enzymes, maintaining matrix stability and clearing aggregated/misfolded proteins. Hsp may serve as chaperones and receptors or have cytokine-like functions. In this chapter, we review how Hsp90, Hsp70, Hsp40 and a number of ER resident chaperones contribute to ECM regulation. The role of the non-Hsp chaperones, SPARC and clusterin in the ECM is also discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Boel, Natasha M-E , Edkins, Adrienne L
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/164368 , vital:41112 , ISBN 978-3-319-69040-7 , DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-69042-1_6
- Description: The extracellular matrix (ECM) serves as a scaffold for cells within tissues and is composed of an intricate network of glycoproteins, growth factors and matricellular proteins which cooperatively function in cell processes such as migration, adhesion and wound healing. ECM morphology is constantly undergoing remodelling (synthesis, assembly and degradation) during normal cell processes and when deregulated may contribute to disease. Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are involved in regulating processes that determine the assembly and degradation of the ECM at multiple levels, in both normal and diseased states. These roles include mediating the activation of ECM-degrading enzymes, maintaining matrix stability and clearing aggregated/misfolded proteins. Hsp may serve as chaperones and receptors or have cytokine-like functions. In this chapter, we review how Hsp90, Hsp70, Hsp40 and a number of ER resident chaperones contribute to ECM regulation. The role of the non-Hsp chaperones, SPARC and clusterin in the ECM is also discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Palace Courtyards in Iléṣà: a melting point of traditional Yorùbá architecture
- Fọlárànmí, Stephen, Adémúlẹyá, Babásẹhìndè
- Authors: Fọlárànmí, Stephen , Adémúlẹyá, Babásẹhìndè
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/145873 , vital:38474 , https://news.clas.ufl.edu/palace-courtyards-in-ile%E1%B9%A3a-a-melting-point-of-traditional-yoruba-architecture/
- Description: The Yorùbá courtyard is an important architectural space in traditional Yorùbá architecture that has not received adequate scholarly attention. This paper examines the courtyards in the palace of certain chiefs and Ọwá Obòkun in Iléṣà, in southwest Nigeria. Fieldwork identified about ten courtyards in the palace of the Ọwá, four in the Rísàwè palace, and two in the palaces of the Léjọkà and Ọdọlé of Iléṣà. It uses these courtyards as models for courtyards in Yorùbá architecture. The study revealed that most of the courtyards in the Ọwá’s palace are generally not used for one specific function, though some are used mainly for religious purposes. The courtyards in the palaces of the chiefs are more functional, and better maintained than those of the Ọwá’s palace. The paper concludes that—considering their ancient and social function—the courtyards form a melting point within Yorùbá architecture. It suggests that efforts be made to ensure that the existing courtyards in these palaces are designated as landmark architecture and properly cared for to serve as tourist attractions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Fọlárànmí, Stephen , Adémúlẹyá, Babásẹhìndè
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/145873 , vital:38474 , https://news.clas.ufl.edu/palace-courtyards-in-ile%E1%B9%A3a-a-melting-point-of-traditional-yoruba-architecture/
- Description: The Yorùbá courtyard is an important architectural space in traditional Yorùbá architecture that has not received adequate scholarly attention. This paper examines the courtyards in the palace of certain chiefs and Ọwá Obòkun in Iléṣà, in southwest Nigeria. Fieldwork identified about ten courtyards in the palace of the Ọwá, four in the Rísàwè palace, and two in the palaces of the Léjọkà and Ọdọlé of Iléṣà. It uses these courtyards as models for courtyards in Yorùbá architecture. The study revealed that most of the courtyards in the Ọwá’s palace are generally not used for one specific function, though some are used mainly for religious purposes. The courtyards in the palaces of the chiefs are more functional, and better maintained than those of the Ọwá’s palace. The paper concludes that—considering their ancient and social function—the courtyards form a melting point within Yorùbá architecture. It suggests that efforts be made to ensure that the existing courtyards in these palaces are designated as landmark architecture and properly cared for to serve as tourist attractions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Rhodes University 2018 Graduation Ceremony: 1820 Settlers' National Monument, Friday, 6 April at 18:30
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/64613 , vital:28565 , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JhgKH7t5tjI , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3kGoIyKKu0E , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8X2b-S9Dgt8 , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_WgUR8ZOfJ4
- Description: Rhodes University 2018 Graduation Programme, 6 April at 18:30: Bachelor’s: Bachelor of Social Science. Honours: Bachelor of Arts Honours. Master’s: Master of Arts. Doctorate: PhD in Humanities following completion of Master of Arts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/64613 , vital:28565 , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JhgKH7t5tjI , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3kGoIyKKu0E , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8X2b-S9Dgt8 , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_WgUR8ZOfJ4
- Description: Rhodes University 2018 Graduation Programme, 6 April at 18:30: Bachelor’s: Bachelor of Social Science. Honours: Bachelor of Arts Honours. Master’s: Master of Arts. Doctorate: PhD in Humanities following completion of Master of Arts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
The National Wellbeing Index in the isiXhosa translation: focus group discussions on how South Africans view the quality of their society
- Moller, Valerie, Roberts, Benjamin J, Zani, Dalindyebo
- Authors: Moller, Valerie , Roberts, Benjamin J , Zani, Dalindyebo
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/67135 , vital:29035 , https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-016-1481-4
- Description: publisher version , The International Wellbeing Index covers two complementary measures, the Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI) and the National Wellbeing Index (NWI). The focus group study reported here tested the understanding of the NWI when translated into isiXhosa, a language spoken by 6 million South Africans, or 16% of the country’s population. A challenge for the NWI in measuring national well-being is the tendency for meaning to get ‘lost in translation’ in the wording of the instrument, owing to the disparities that exist between levels of living in developed and developing nations. The focussed discussions with native isiXhosa speakers conveyed the different shades of meaning associated with the six domains that make up the NWI. The isiXhosa keywords for the domains of social conditions, the natural environment, national security, and management of the country’s affairs (government) were readily understood, but discussants asked for further clarification of keywords for the domains relating to the economy and business. Conversations showed up the close link between personal and national well-being: discussants drew upon their personal and parochial life experiences along with their knowledge of current affairs to evaluate the nation’s quality of life. They described the social contract between citizens and their government to create a ‘caring society’ that promotes well-being across key domains of national life. Many of the reference standards used to evaluate national well-being were ones postulated to influence personal well-being (Michalos A.C, Social Indicators Research 16(4): 347–413 1985 ). The study also pointed to a potential problem for longitudinal studies if the bipolar satisfaction scale, formerly used to measure the International Wellbeing Index’s PWI and NWI, is changed to a unipolar one. Findings from this pilot study confirm the potential of the NWI as a tool for measuring national well-being cross-culturally.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Moller, Valerie , Roberts, Benjamin J , Zani, Dalindyebo
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/67135 , vital:29035 , https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-016-1481-4
- Description: publisher version , The International Wellbeing Index covers two complementary measures, the Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI) and the National Wellbeing Index (NWI). The focus group study reported here tested the understanding of the NWI when translated into isiXhosa, a language spoken by 6 million South Africans, or 16% of the country’s population. A challenge for the NWI in measuring national well-being is the tendency for meaning to get ‘lost in translation’ in the wording of the instrument, owing to the disparities that exist between levels of living in developed and developing nations. The focussed discussions with native isiXhosa speakers conveyed the different shades of meaning associated with the six domains that make up the NWI. The isiXhosa keywords for the domains of social conditions, the natural environment, national security, and management of the country’s affairs (government) were readily understood, but discussants asked for further clarification of keywords for the domains relating to the economy and business. Conversations showed up the close link between personal and national well-being: discussants drew upon their personal and parochial life experiences along with their knowledge of current affairs to evaluate the nation’s quality of life. They described the social contract between citizens and their government to create a ‘caring society’ that promotes well-being across key domains of national life. Many of the reference standards used to evaluate national well-being were ones postulated to influence personal well-being (Michalos A.C, Social Indicators Research 16(4): 347–413 1985 ). The study also pointed to a potential problem for longitudinal studies if the bipolar satisfaction scale, formerly used to measure the International Wellbeing Index’s PWI and NWI, is changed to a unipolar one. Findings from this pilot study confirm the potential of the NWI as a tool for measuring national well-being cross-culturally.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2018
Current trend in synthesis, Post-Synthetic modifications and biological applications of Nanometal-Organic frameworks (NMOFs)
- Baa, Ebenezer, Watkins, Gary M, Krause, Rui W M, Tantoh, Derek N
- Authors: Baa, Ebenezer , Watkins, Gary M , Krause, Rui W M , Tantoh, Derek N
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/127042 , vital:35946 , https://doi.org/10.1002/cjoc.201800407
- Description: Since the early reports of MOFs and their interesting properties, research involving these materials has grown wide in scope and applications. Various synthetic approaches have ensued in view of obtaining materials with optimised properties, the extensive scope of application spanning from energy, gas sorption, catalysis biological applications has meant exponentially evolved over the years. The far‐reaching synthetic and PSM approaches and porosity control possibilities have continued to serve as a motivation for research on these materials. With respect to the biological applications, MOFs have shown promise as good candidates in applications involving drug delivery, BioMOFs, sensing, imaging amongst others. Despite being a while away from successful entry into the market, observed results in sensing, drug delivery, and imaging put these materials on the spot light as candidates poised to usher in a revolution in biology. In this regard, this review article focuses current approaches in synthesis, post functionalization and biological applications of these materials with particular attention on drug delivery, imaging, sensing and BioMOFs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Baa, Ebenezer , Watkins, Gary M , Krause, Rui W M , Tantoh, Derek N
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/127042 , vital:35946 , https://doi.org/10.1002/cjoc.201800407
- Description: Since the early reports of MOFs and their interesting properties, research involving these materials has grown wide in scope and applications. Various synthetic approaches have ensued in view of obtaining materials with optimised properties, the extensive scope of application spanning from energy, gas sorption, catalysis biological applications has meant exponentially evolved over the years. The far‐reaching synthetic and PSM approaches and porosity control possibilities have continued to serve as a motivation for research on these materials. With respect to the biological applications, MOFs have shown promise as good candidates in applications involving drug delivery, BioMOFs, sensing, imaging amongst others. Despite being a while away from successful entry into the market, observed results in sensing, drug delivery, and imaging put these materials on the spot light as candidates poised to usher in a revolution in biology. In this regard, this review article focuses current approaches in synthesis, post functionalization and biological applications of these materials with particular attention on drug delivery, imaging, sensing and BioMOFs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
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