A contribution to a revision of the moringuid eels
- Castle, P H J (Peter Henry John), Rhodes University. Department of Ichthyology
- Authors: Castle, P H J (Peter Henry John) , Rhodes University. Department of Ichthyology
- Date: 1968-03
- Subjects: Eels , Moringua , Marine fishes -- Africa, Southern
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/69541 , vital:29547 , Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB)) Periodicals Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB))
- Description: Online version of original print edition of the Special Publication of the Rhodes University, Department of Ichthyology, No. 3 , An examination of vertebral numbers in a series of eels of the genus Moringua Gray, 1831 from the western Indian Ocean clearly indicates three species, with about 105—113, 115—125 and 153—160 vertebrae respectively. These counts are matched by proportionately shorter head and greater slenderness of body, which are not correlated with total length in each group. Lateral line pore counts and position of heart confirm the presence of three species. A study of the moringuid literature and of certain type material shows that the names Moringua microchir Bleeker, M.ferruginea Bliss and M.javanica (Kaup) may be applied to these. Aphthalmichthys abbreviatus Bleeker is almost certainly based on immature females of M.microchir and is considered a synonym. A vertebral count on the holotype of M.bicolor Kaup suggests that it may be the male form of M.javanica. Aphthal— michthys macrocephalus Bleeker is probably a synonym of M.macrochir Bleeker and the latter shows close similarities to M.raitaborua Hamilton—Buchanan. Growth in moringuids appears to be most rapid at a point a few segments in advance of the vent.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1968-03
- Authors: Castle, P H J (Peter Henry John) , Rhodes University. Department of Ichthyology
- Date: 1968-03
- Subjects: Eels , Moringua , Marine fishes -- Africa, Southern
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/69541 , vital:29547 , Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB)) Periodicals Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB))
- Description: Online version of original print edition of the Special Publication of the Rhodes University, Department of Ichthyology, No. 3 , An examination of vertebral numbers in a series of eels of the genus Moringua Gray, 1831 from the western Indian Ocean clearly indicates three species, with about 105—113, 115—125 and 153—160 vertebrae respectively. These counts are matched by proportionately shorter head and greater slenderness of body, which are not correlated with total length in each group. Lateral line pore counts and position of heart confirm the presence of three species. A study of the moringuid literature and of certain type material shows that the names Moringua microchir Bleeker, M.ferruginea Bliss and M.javanica (Kaup) may be applied to these. Aphthalmichthys abbreviatus Bleeker is almost certainly based on immature females of M.microchir and is considered a synonym. A vertebral count on the holotype of M.bicolor Kaup suggests that it may be the male form of M.javanica. Aphthal— michthys macrocephalus Bleeker is probably a synonym of M.macrochir Bleeker and the latter shows close similarities to M.raitaborua Hamilton—Buchanan. Growth in moringuids appears to be most rapid at a point a few segments in advance of the vent.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1968-03
Langkloof farmers' practices and attitudes regarding coloured and black farmworkers
- Bekker, S B, Humphries, Richard G, Meterlerkamp, D
- Authors: Bekker, S B , Humphries, Richard G , Meterlerkamp, D
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Africans -- Employment Colored people (South Africa) -- Employment Langkloof (South Africa) Farmers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Agricultural laborers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2238 , vital:20268 , ISBN 0868100919
- Description: This paper reports on an investigation of the effects of the policy of Coloured Labour Preference in a rural area of the Western Cape. This policy, which has been analysed more fully elsewhere1, aims to restrict the number of black employees in the Western Cape, the region within which the policy is applied, by granting Coloureds preferential access to urban and rural labour markets. The Langkloof is a valley in which modern mechanised agricultural techniques are employed to specialise in the production of deciduous fruit, apples in particular. Farms are owned by whites, and the majority of farm workers are (classified) Coloured. A substantial number of black farm workers are also employed. The Kloof is served by two good roads and a narrow gauge railway linking the villages of the Kloof to Port Elizabeth. The Langkloof, moreover, is situated close to the boundary of the Western Cape, and therefore close to the line demarcating the region within which the policy of Coloured Labour Preference is applied. The investigation, which was executed in late 1980, included a number of visits to the Langkloof, interviews with officials of the Departments of Agriculture and Manpower, and of the Eastern Cape Administration Board, as well as a survey of white farmers' attitudes and practices. This survey was designed to elicit information relevant to the rural labour situation in the Langkloof, and to identify differences in attitudes and practices with regard to Coloured and black farmworkers. The focus of the survey was on the eastern half of the valley, commonly known as the Middel- and Onder-Langkloof. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Bekker, S B , Humphries, Richard G , Meterlerkamp, D
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Africans -- Employment Colored people (South Africa) -- Employment Langkloof (South Africa) Farmers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Agricultural laborers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2238 , vital:20268 , ISBN 0868100919
- Description: This paper reports on an investigation of the effects of the policy of Coloured Labour Preference in a rural area of the Western Cape. This policy, which has been analysed more fully elsewhere1, aims to restrict the number of black employees in the Western Cape, the region within which the policy is applied, by granting Coloureds preferential access to urban and rural labour markets. The Langkloof is a valley in which modern mechanised agricultural techniques are employed to specialise in the production of deciduous fruit, apples in particular. Farms are owned by whites, and the majority of farm workers are (classified) Coloured. A substantial number of black farm workers are also employed. The Kloof is served by two good roads and a narrow gauge railway linking the villages of the Kloof to Port Elizabeth. The Langkloof, moreover, is situated close to the boundary of the Western Cape, and therefore close to the line demarcating the region within which the policy of Coloured Labour Preference is applied. The investigation, which was executed in late 1980, included a number of visits to the Langkloof, interviews with officials of the Departments of Agriculture and Manpower, and of the Eastern Cape Administration Board, as well as a survey of white farmers' attitudes and practices. This survey was designed to elicit information relevant to the rural labour situation in the Langkloof, and to identify differences in attitudes and practices with regard to Coloured and black farmworkers. The focus of the survey was on the eastern half of the valley, commonly known as the Middel- and Onder-Langkloof. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Rhodes University Graduation Ceremony 1983
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 1983
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:8116 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004574
- Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremonies on Friday, 15 April 1983 at 8 p.m. [and] on Saturday, 16 April 1983 at 10 a.m.in the 1820 Settlers National Monument.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1983
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 1983
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:8116 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004574
- Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremonies on Friday, 15 April 1983 at 8 p.m. [and] on Saturday, 16 April 1983 at 10 a.m.in the 1820 Settlers National Monument.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1983
Rhodes University Graduation Ceremony 1984
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:8115 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004573
- Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremonies on Friday, 13 April 1984 at 8 p.m. [and] on Saturday, 14 April 1984 at 10 a.m. in the 1820 Settlers National Monument.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:8115 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004573
- Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremonies on Friday, 13 April 1984 at 8 p.m. [and] on Saturday, 14 April 1984 at 10 a.m. in the 1820 Settlers National Monument.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
COSATU Resolutions
- COSATU
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: Feb 1986
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/135007 , vital:37226
- Description: South Africa is going through its severest economic crisis ever with millions unemployed, retrenched and without any jobs and with no social security or benefits; the cost of which is measured in the loss of lives, through poverty and starvation, and massive degradation and demoralisation of the workers and all the oppressed people in SA. The economic crisis is part and parcel of a political crisis. The state is incapable of meeting even the minimum democratic demands of the people and has to instead resort to violent measures to stifle all opposition. The present state of emergency with its accompanying arrests of thousands of people, the killing of hundreds and banning of democratic organisations such as COSAS also affects workers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Feb 1986
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: Feb 1986
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/135007 , vital:37226
- Description: South Africa is going through its severest economic crisis ever with millions unemployed, retrenched and without any jobs and with no social security or benefits; the cost of which is measured in the loss of lives, through poverty and starvation, and massive degradation and demoralisation of the workers and all the oppressed people in SA. The economic crisis is part and parcel of a political crisis. The state is incapable of meeting even the minimum democratic demands of the people and has to instead resort to violent measures to stifle all opposition. The present state of emergency with its accompanying arrests of thousands of people, the killing of hundreds and banning of democratic organisations such as COSAS also affects workers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Feb 1986
LACOM News, no. 1, July 1986
- Authors: LACOM (Sached Trust)
- Date: 1986-07
- Language: English
- Type: Newsletter , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/60156 , vital:27742
- Description: At the national meeting of LACOM held in East London in May, a decision was taken that LACOM should produce its own newsletter. I he newsletter would be produced about tour times a year. The different branches would take responsibility for editing each edition of the newsletter. All branches would be responsible for submitting material to the editing branch by a required date. The aim of the newsletter was said to be: a) to provide a forum for open debate and of self-criticism and evaluation; b) to discuss some of the concrete problems facing the project; c) to raise more general and topical issues related to the practice of education; d) to include general information and news. This first newsletter was produced by the Durban branch of LACOM. Contributions were received from the Western Cape, Eastern Cape and Natal Region.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986-07
- Authors: LACOM (Sached Trust)
- Date: 1986-07
- Language: English
- Type: Newsletter , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/60156 , vital:27742
- Description: At the national meeting of LACOM held in East London in May, a decision was taken that LACOM should produce its own newsletter. I he newsletter would be produced about tour times a year. The different branches would take responsibility for editing each edition of the newsletter. All branches would be responsible for submitting material to the editing branch by a required date. The aim of the newsletter was said to be: a) to provide a forum for open debate and of self-criticism and evaluation; b) to discuss some of the concrete problems facing the project; c) to raise more general and topical issues related to the practice of education; d) to include general information and news. This first newsletter was produced by the Durban branch of LACOM. Contributions were received from the Western Cape, Eastern Cape and Natal Region.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986-07
The Origin and Devcelopment of Segregation in South Africa: AJ Abrahamse Memorial Lecture
- Date: 1986-09
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , South Africa -- History -- 20th century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/33857 , vital:33090 , Bulk File 7
- Description: This is a reprint of a lecture originally given in 1951 by WP van Schoor in order to honour the memory of AJ Abrahamse.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1986-09
- Date: 1986-09
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , South Africa -- History -- 20th century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/33857 , vital:33090 , Bulk File 7
- Description: This is a reprint of a lecture originally given in 1951 by WP van Schoor in order to honour the memory of AJ Abrahamse.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1986-09
Work in Progress Issue no.58 - The teenagers of Tumahole
- WIP
- Authors: WIP
- Date: April 1989
- Subjects: WIP
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/111464 , vital:33462
- Description: On January 11, South Africa's minister of home affairs and of communications, Stoffel Botha, warned Work In Progress that an examination of the publication was underway in terms of state of emergency regulations. Over a year before, Botha had warned W/P that unless it ceased 'systematic publication of subversive propaganda', he would act against it. The January 11 warning involved possible closure of W/P for up to six months, or imposing a pre-publication censor - a state official with powers to censor the contents of the publication. Over the next weeks, enormous support was expressed for W/P and its publishing policy. This came from editors of mainstream newspapers, trade unions, political organisations, religious bodies and a host of other interests and organisations. The Congress of South African Trade Unions noted that 'censorship of WIP is a direct attempt to stifle free and open debate, and to prevent the flow of information so vital to the building of democracy'. The National Union of Mineworkers said that 'every issue of W/P that does not come out will be a loss to our members', while the National Council of Trade Unions referred to the publication's 'intelligent and fearless analysis of the political, social and labour trends in our country'. From within the media world, Business Day editor Ken Owen spoke of W/P as a 'reliable, intelligent and ethically impeccable publication', while Tertius Myburgh of the Sunday Times called W/P 'an invaluable source of information which deserves to be heard by all who are interested in serious affairs in South Africa'. Representatives of foreign governments strongly condemned proposed action against W/P and other publications, and a number made direct representations to the South African government. Two weeks after Botha's warning, WIP responded to his threat of closure in a 40-page memorandum dealing with the emergency regulations in general, and the nature of the publication in particular. Botha turned down a suggestion that he meet with a delegation from the publication - and then a blanket of silence descended. By mid-February, two publications warned at the same time as W/P had been suspended for three months, and W/P began pushing Botha to respond to the representations made. Finally, on March 2, Botha's office informed WIP's publishers that no action was being contemplated in terms of the media emergency regulations. It is not for W/P to speculate on why the minister has chosen to act against some publications, and not others. The media emergency regulations involve arbitrary decisions and personal opinion. There is little point in seeking logic within arbitrariness. But it is worthwhile re-stating WIP's position on publishing: that not only do all South Africans have the right to be fully and accurately informed by a wide range of opinions, debates and analyses and reporting. In addition, freedom of speech of its nature guarantees the right of publication - and the right of readers to be exposed to diversity and contradiction. WIP has always been happy to allow readers to make their own choices on the basis of a wide range of information and views. This is the opposite of propaganda, which seeks to impose one view while suppressing others. In this battle for survival with the ministry of home affairs W/P has no doubt which side supports the publication of systematic propaganda. This edition of WIP is unavoidably late - held back until the outcome of the threatened closure had been finalised. No action is currently contemplated against the publication in terms of media emergency regulations at present - although the state still has much in its arsenal. But WIP intends surviving - and sees a long-term future for its publishing programme. One part of this future is financial stability - a crucial component of independent publishing. Ensuring financial stability, together with ever-increasing costs in paper, printing, reproduction and postage have forced W/P to raise its rates. But these increases are modest - way below rates of inflation - and in some cases are the first for over three years. The editors thank all those who supported W/P in its most-recent battle for survival - and look forward to ongoing and increasing support from the most important component of any publication: its readers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: April 1989
- Authors: WIP
- Date: April 1989
- Subjects: WIP
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/111464 , vital:33462
- Description: On January 11, South Africa's minister of home affairs and of communications, Stoffel Botha, warned Work In Progress that an examination of the publication was underway in terms of state of emergency regulations. Over a year before, Botha had warned W/P that unless it ceased 'systematic publication of subversive propaganda', he would act against it. The January 11 warning involved possible closure of W/P for up to six months, or imposing a pre-publication censor - a state official with powers to censor the contents of the publication. Over the next weeks, enormous support was expressed for W/P and its publishing policy. This came from editors of mainstream newspapers, trade unions, political organisations, religious bodies and a host of other interests and organisations. The Congress of South African Trade Unions noted that 'censorship of WIP is a direct attempt to stifle free and open debate, and to prevent the flow of information so vital to the building of democracy'. The National Union of Mineworkers said that 'every issue of W/P that does not come out will be a loss to our members', while the National Council of Trade Unions referred to the publication's 'intelligent and fearless analysis of the political, social and labour trends in our country'. From within the media world, Business Day editor Ken Owen spoke of W/P as a 'reliable, intelligent and ethically impeccable publication', while Tertius Myburgh of the Sunday Times called W/P 'an invaluable source of information which deserves to be heard by all who are interested in serious affairs in South Africa'. Representatives of foreign governments strongly condemned proposed action against W/P and other publications, and a number made direct representations to the South African government. Two weeks after Botha's warning, WIP responded to his threat of closure in a 40-page memorandum dealing with the emergency regulations in general, and the nature of the publication in particular. Botha turned down a suggestion that he meet with a delegation from the publication - and then a blanket of silence descended. By mid-February, two publications warned at the same time as W/P had been suspended for three months, and W/P began pushing Botha to respond to the representations made. Finally, on March 2, Botha's office informed WIP's publishers that no action was being contemplated in terms of the media emergency regulations. It is not for W/P to speculate on why the minister has chosen to act against some publications, and not others. The media emergency regulations involve arbitrary decisions and personal opinion. There is little point in seeking logic within arbitrariness. But it is worthwhile re-stating WIP's position on publishing: that not only do all South Africans have the right to be fully and accurately informed by a wide range of opinions, debates and analyses and reporting. In addition, freedom of speech of its nature guarantees the right of publication - and the right of readers to be exposed to diversity and contradiction. WIP has always been happy to allow readers to make their own choices on the basis of a wide range of information and views. This is the opposite of propaganda, which seeks to impose one view while suppressing others. In this battle for survival with the ministry of home affairs W/P has no doubt which side supports the publication of systematic propaganda. This edition of WIP is unavoidably late - held back until the outcome of the threatened closure had been finalised. No action is currently contemplated against the publication in terms of media emergency regulations at present - although the state still has much in its arsenal. But WIP intends surviving - and sees a long-term future for its publishing programme. One part of this future is financial stability - a crucial component of independent publishing. Ensuring financial stability, together with ever-increasing costs in paper, printing, reproduction and postage have forced W/P to raise its rates. But these increases are modest - way below rates of inflation - and in some cases are the first for over three years. The editors thank all those who supported W/P in its most-recent battle for survival - and look forward to ongoing and increasing support from the most important component of any publication: its readers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: April 1989
Up Beat Issue Number 7 1990
- SACHED
- Authors: SACHED
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: SACHED
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/118997 , vital:34691
- Description: TB (tuberculosis) is a very serious sickness. It affects your lungs and other parts of your body. About 20 people die of TB every day in South Africa. And every year about 62 000 get the TB virus. In Alexandra township alone, 320 cases were recorded between January and May this year. Four people died from the disease. Doctors and social workers say things like overcrowding, unemployment, low wages and unhealthy dumping grounds cause TB. Most people who suffer from TB are black. Apartheid should be blamed for this. Many organisations, like SAYCO, Cosatu and Earthlife, have started to campaign for a clean and healthy environment. They want people to know how important it is to breathe clean air, drink clean water and eat clean food. We should work with our organisations to save ourselves and others from sickness.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: SACHED
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: SACHED
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/118997 , vital:34691
- Description: TB (tuberculosis) is a very serious sickness. It affects your lungs and other parts of your body. About 20 people die of TB every day in South Africa. And every year about 62 000 get the TB virus. In Alexandra township alone, 320 cases were recorded between January and May this year. Four people died from the disease. Doctors and social workers say things like overcrowding, unemployment, low wages and unhealthy dumping grounds cause TB. Most people who suffer from TB are black. Apartheid should be blamed for this. Many organisations, like SAYCO, Cosatu and Earthlife, have started to campaign for a clean and healthy environment. They want people to know how important it is to breathe clean air, drink clean water and eat clean food. We should work with our organisations to save ourselves and others from sickness.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
COSATU Political Discussion Paper
- COSATU
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: Feb 1991
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/109650 , vital:33164
- Description: This discussion paper is being issued seven months after the 7th National Congress. The Central Executive Committee (CEC) of February 12 to 14, 2001 debated it, and felt that with minor changes it should be issued to COSATU structures and members for debates on the current political situation. This paper is presented to the members and structures of COSATU as a political discussion paper for 2001. A further detailed political discussion will take place in the November 2001 CEC. As the last CEC of 2001, it will be expected to take stock of the political situation, taking into account issues raised here. The February CEC took place almost five months after the Seventh National Congress. The Congress was a watershed moment and a turning noint in the life of the organisation. For 'months"before as well as xiuriiig the- Congress itself, our members and the public focused on the Congress deliberations and discussions. In political terms, this process underlined the central role played by COSATU in the post-apartheid political landscape
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Feb 1991
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: Feb 1991
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/109650 , vital:33164
- Description: This discussion paper is being issued seven months after the 7th National Congress. The Central Executive Committee (CEC) of February 12 to 14, 2001 debated it, and felt that with minor changes it should be issued to COSATU structures and members for debates on the current political situation. This paper is presented to the members and structures of COSATU as a political discussion paper for 2001. A further detailed political discussion will take place in the November 2001 CEC. As the last CEC of 2001, it will be expected to take stock of the political situation, taking into account issues raised here. The February CEC took place almost five months after the Seventh National Congress. The Congress was a watershed moment and a turning noint in the life of the organisation. For 'months"before as well as xiuriiig the- Congress itself, our members and the public focused on the Congress deliberations and discussions. In political terms, this process underlined the central role played by COSATU in the post-apartheid political landscape
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Feb 1991
Looking at landscapes
- Authors: Lewis, Colin A
- Date: 1991
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:576 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006731
- Description: [From text] Landscape, for me, is Geography, for landscape is the focus of the four great traditions of my subject: spatial; area studies; man-land relationships; earth science (Pattison, 1964,1990). Hedd Wyn and Thomas Roberts, each in his own way, was a Geographer, for each was obviously a student of landscape. My own interest in Geography originated in the view from my bedroom window. I was lucky, Dad was a clergyman, and when he came bade from the army he accepted the parish of St. Peter's Glasbury, in the Wye valley of Wales. From my bedroom window I looked out across The Vicarage lawn, beyond the yew hedge and the orchard, to a series of mounds set in parkland. They were orderly, forming the outline of a rectangle, and when a group of archaeologists excavated the site they discovered that the mounds were the remains of the walls of an Iron Age fort (Savoury, 1955). Although I did not know it at the time, the landscape was already talking to me. , Inaugural Lecture delivered at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 17 April 1991
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991
- Authors: Lewis, Colin A
- Date: 1991
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:576 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006731
- Description: [From text] Landscape, for me, is Geography, for landscape is the focus of the four great traditions of my subject: spatial; area studies; man-land relationships; earth science (Pattison, 1964,1990). Hedd Wyn and Thomas Roberts, each in his own way, was a Geographer, for each was obviously a student of landscape. My own interest in Geography originated in the view from my bedroom window. I was lucky, Dad was a clergyman, and when he came bade from the army he accepted the parish of St. Peter's Glasbury, in the Wye valley of Wales. From my bedroom window I looked out across The Vicarage lawn, beyond the yew hedge and the orchard, to a series of mounds set in parkland. They were orderly, forming the outline of a rectangle, and when a group of archaeologists excavated the site they discovered that the mounds were the remains of the walls of an Iron Age fort (Savoury, 1955). Although I did not know it at the time, the landscape was already talking to me. , Inaugural Lecture delivered at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 17 April 1991
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991
New Nation number 618 - Another peace pledge
- New Nation - SA's Biggest Independent Weekly
- Authors: New Nation - SA's Biggest Independent Weekly
- Date: May 1991
- Subjects: New Nation - SA's Biggest Independent Weekly
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/112945 , vital:33679
- Description: The ANC’s May 9 ultimatum is effectively over and the organisation is unlikely to make any further demands of the government, at least until its July National Conference. At the same time, no major shift is expected in ANC policy between now and July. There now seems to be general agreement that government undertakings aimed at ending township violence this week addressed the ANC’s most important demands contained in its open letter to FW de Klerk in early April. A meeting between ANC deputy president Nelson Mandela and De Klerk this week further confirmed that agreement had been reached on key demands made by the ANC. Mandela told a group of the ANC’s Women’s League, who had occupied the Johannesburg Magistrates’ Court on Wednesday in a campaign to support the ultimatum, that the government had met two of the organisation’s key demands. These included a ban on all weapons except assegais and sticks and the closure or conversion of hostels into family units. Attacks On the eve of the ultimatum, law and order minister Adriaan Vlok went further and announced plans for “Operation Stabilise” to end the violence. The new measures ban open air gatherings in unrest areas from May 9 onwards to May 22. Some of the bloodiest attacks on township residents have followed mass rallies of Inkatha supporters. Rallies could still be held in areas like George Goch near Johannesburg, where Inkatha has a strong presence. Vlok said permission to hold rallies in townships declared unrest areas could, however, still be obtained from police in the areas. Inkatha rallies were planned for Soweto and Tembisa yesterday. Vlok also announced stricter enforcement of curfews and the deployment of more troops and police in areas hit by violence. Areas covered by Vlok’s announcement include Soweto, Mead- owlands, Diepkloof, Dobsonville, Alexandra, Tembisa, Thokoza, Katlehong and Vosloorus. Townships around Johannesburg and the city centre remained tense despite Vlok’s announcements to curb violence. Terror Reports reaching NEW NATION indicate that heavily armed men had been deployed in various parts of the city and townships in what appeared to be part of the planned terror in the run up to the May 9 ultimatum. Residents in at least one block of flats in Central Johannesburg, occupied mainly by ANC supporters, were reported to have left in anticipation of an attack. There were also reports of unknown men searching for activists in various flats around central Johannesburg. The armed men, residents claim, were deployed some time before Inkatha central committee member Musa Myeni warned that his organisation was ready to commit 250 000 armed fighters in defence of its members on the Reef. Johannesburg’s city centre, which has not been declared an unrest area, is not covered by Operation Stabilise and Inkatha supporters remain free to brandish their weapons, now effectively outlawed in the townships. There is also evidence that many of the fighters currently in township hostels are paid mercenaries, who are otherwise unemployed. Some of them claim to have been brought in from Natal to fight township residents.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: May 1991
- Authors: New Nation - SA's Biggest Independent Weekly
- Date: May 1991
- Subjects: New Nation - SA's Biggest Independent Weekly
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/112945 , vital:33679
- Description: The ANC’s May 9 ultimatum is effectively over and the organisation is unlikely to make any further demands of the government, at least until its July National Conference. At the same time, no major shift is expected in ANC policy between now and July. There now seems to be general agreement that government undertakings aimed at ending township violence this week addressed the ANC’s most important demands contained in its open letter to FW de Klerk in early April. A meeting between ANC deputy president Nelson Mandela and De Klerk this week further confirmed that agreement had been reached on key demands made by the ANC. Mandela told a group of the ANC’s Women’s League, who had occupied the Johannesburg Magistrates’ Court on Wednesday in a campaign to support the ultimatum, that the government had met two of the organisation’s key demands. These included a ban on all weapons except assegais and sticks and the closure or conversion of hostels into family units. Attacks On the eve of the ultimatum, law and order minister Adriaan Vlok went further and announced plans for “Operation Stabilise” to end the violence. The new measures ban open air gatherings in unrest areas from May 9 onwards to May 22. Some of the bloodiest attacks on township residents have followed mass rallies of Inkatha supporters. Rallies could still be held in areas like George Goch near Johannesburg, where Inkatha has a strong presence. Vlok said permission to hold rallies in townships declared unrest areas could, however, still be obtained from police in the areas. Inkatha rallies were planned for Soweto and Tembisa yesterday. Vlok also announced stricter enforcement of curfews and the deployment of more troops and police in areas hit by violence. Areas covered by Vlok’s announcement include Soweto, Mead- owlands, Diepkloof, Dobsonville, Alexandra, Tembisa, Thokoza, Katlehong and Vosloorus. Townships around Johannesburg and the city centre remained tense despite Vlok’s announcements to curb violence. Terror Reports reaching NEW NATION indicate that heavily armed men had been deployed in various parts of the city and townships in what appeared to be part of the planned terror in the run up to the May 9 ultimatum. Residents in at least one block of flats in Central Johannesburg, occupied mainly by ANC supporters, were reported to have left in anticipation of an attack. There were also reports of unknown men searching for activists in various flats around central Johannesburg. The armed men, residents claim, were deployed some time before Inkatha central committee member Musa Myeni warned that his organisation was ready to commit 250 000 armed fighters in defence of its members on the Reef. Johannesburg’s city centre, which has not been declared an unrest area, is not covered by Operation Stabilise and Inkatha supporters remain free to brandish their weapons, now effectively outlawed in the townships. There is also evidence that many of the fighters currently in township hostels are paid mercenaries, who are otherwise unemployed. Some of them claim to have been brought in from Natal to fight township residents.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: May 1991
Planning for a new South Africa
- COSATU
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: 1991
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/135328 , vital:37258
- Description: COSATU has adopted the Freedom Charter. But if we look carefully at the Freedom Charter, nowhere does it say how everyone will share in the country’s wealth. This Is because a Chartrr is a statement of beliefs and a guide to policy. It is not a detailed programme.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: 1991
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/135328 , vital:37258
- Description: COSATU has adopted the Freedom Charter. But if we look carefully at the Freedom Charter, nowhere does it say how everyone will share in the country’s wealth. This Is because a Chartrr is a statement of beliefs and a guide to policy. It is not a detailed programme.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991
Up Beat Issue Number 1 1991
- SACHED
- Authors: SACHED
- Date: 1991
- Subjects: SACHED
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/116100 , vital:34297
- Description: Every day we see adverts in newspapers and magazines encouraging people to smoke cigarettes. But what these adverts don’t tell us, is that smoking cigarettes is very dangerous. Today there are 75% more smokers worldwide than there were 20 years ago. Doctors in America are very worried about the damage smoking can do to one’s health. They say that smoking is responsible for almost 2.5 million deaths every year. More and more children are starting to smoke cigarettes. Doctors say that millions of children under the age of 20 could die of smoking.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991
- Authors: SACHED
- Date: 1991
- Subjects: SACHED
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/116100 , vital:34297
- Description: Every day we see adverts in newspapers and magazines encouraging people to smoke cigarettes. But what these adverts don’t tell us, is that smoking cigarettes is very dangerous. Today there are 75% more smokers worldwide than there were 20 years ago. Doctors in America are very worried about the damage smoking can do to one’s health. They say that smoking is responsible for almost 2.5 million deaths every year. More and more children are starting to smoke cigarettes. Doctors say that millions of children under the age of 20 could die of smoking.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991
Up Beat Issue Number 3 1991
- SACHED
- Authors: SACHED
- Date: 1991
- Subjects: SACHED
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/118871 , vital:34678
- Description: The 21 March is Sharpe- ville Day. On this day we remember what happened in 1960, when hundreds of people in townships all over South Africa marched on to police stations and burned their passes. In the morning of the 21 March 1960, thousands of people gathered outside the police station in the eastern Transvaal township of Sharpeville. They had been told that the police might announce changes in the pass law. At 1.15pm scuffle broke out outside the wire — fence of the police station. The police feared that the fence would collapse under the weight of the crowd. So they started to fire on the people. The people right in front immediately turned to flee, but could not get through the crush of people behind them. Sixty-nine people were killed and a further 180 wounded. Most of those killed were later found to have been shot in the back.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991
- Authors: SACHED
- Date: 1991
- Subjects: SACHED
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/118871 , vital:34678
- Description: The 21 March is Sharpe- ville Day. On this day we remember what happened in 1960, when hundreds of people in townships all over South Africa marched on to police stations and burned their passes. In the morning of the 21 March 1960, thousands of people gathered outside the police station in the eastern Transvaal township of Sharpeville. They had been told that the police might announce changes in the pass law. At 1.15pm scuffle broke out outside the wire — fence of the police station. The police feared that the fence would collapse under the weight of the crowd. So they started to fire on the people. The people right in front immediately turned to flee, but could not get through the crush of people behind them. Sixty-nine people were killed and a further 180 wounded. Most of those killed were later found to have been shot in the back.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991
Up Beat Issue Number 4 1991
- SACHED
- Authors: SACHED
- Date: 1991
- Subjects: SACHED
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/116211 , vital:34334
- Description: On the night of the 8 March 1991, a thousand women braved the rain to march through the streets of Johannesburg. They chose this day for their protest march because the 8 March is International Women’s Day. The women marched to highlight the problem of violence against women. They said that women are not safe on the streets at night. Many women are not even safe in their own homes! The night they marched about 140 women were raped in South Africa between six and nine o’ clock. Many women were beaten and raped in their own homes, some were hurt by their own husbands or boyfriends. ‘We want to feel safe in our own homes, at work and in the streets. We demand an end to violence against women,’ Monique Marks of the ANC Women’s League said. Copies of the demands were sent to the Chief Magistrate of Johannesburg, the City Council and Health Department.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991
- Authors: SACHED
- Date: 1991
- Subjects: SACHED
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/116211 , vital:34334
- Description: On the night of the 8 March 1991, a thousand women braved the rain to march through the streets of Johannesburg. They chose this day for their protest march because the 8 March is International Women’s Day. The women marched to highlight the problem of violence against women. They said that women are not safe on the streets at night. Many women are not even safe in their own homes! The night they marched about 140 women were raped in South Africa between six and nine o’ clock. Many women were beaten and raped in their own homes, some were hurt by their own husbands or boyfriends. ‘We want to feel safe in our own homes, at work and in the streets. We demand an end to violence against women,’ Monique Marks of the ANC Women’s League said. Copies of the demands were sent to the Chief Magistrate of Johannesburg, the City Council and Health Department.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991
Up Beat Issue Number 5 1991
- SACHED
- Authors: SACHED
- Date: 1991
- Subjects: SACHED
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/118972 , vital:34689
- Description: Two years ago in Lebowa there were no school textbooks. But between March 1986 and September 1989 the Lebowa Education Department paid out R98 million to booksellers for books and stationary. So where were the books? A recent enquiry into the Lebowa Education Department found out that people who worked for the Lebowa Education Department also owned bookshops. These shops received the biggest orders to supply schools with books. But the books never got to the schools. When the enquiry did a spot check, they found 300 000 new books lying unused in storerooms and schools!
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991
- Authors: SACHED
- Date: 1991
- Subjects: SACHED
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/118972 , vital:34689
- Description: Two years ago in Lebowa there were no school textbooks. But between March 1986 and September 1989 the Lebowa Education Department paid out R98 million to booksellers for books and stationary. So where were the books? A recent enquiry into the Lebowa Education Department found out that people who worked for the Lebowa Education Department also owned bookshops. These shops received the biggest orders to supply schools with books. But the books never got to the schools. When the enquiry did a spot check, they found 300 000 new books lying unused in storerooms and schools!
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991
Up Beat Issue Number 7 1991
- SACHED
- Authors: SACHED
- Date: 1991
- Subjects: SACHED
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/119009 , vital:34693
- Description: It’s that time of year again - exam time! But there’s no need to panic. We’ve got lots of stories to help you get through the exams. Turn to page 22 for some study tips. For those of you doing Geography, don’t miss the first part of our new series on mapwork. For history students, there’s a story on the vote. Need to find books to help you with your studies? We’ve got information on how to find books in the library. But there are also stories to enjoy. Read about Prophets of the City, a great new rap group with a message. And don’t forget to enter out exciting music competition or our drawing competition on page 25. You could be one of the lucky Upbeat winners! In the meantime, to all of you writing exams, we’re holding thumbs. Good luck!
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991
- Authors: SACHED
- Date: 1991
- Subjects: SACHED
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/119009 , vital:34693
- Description: It’s that time of year again - exam time! But there’s no need to panic. We’ve got lots of stories to help you get through the exams. Turn to page 22 for some study tips. For those of you doing Geography, don’t miss the first part of our new series on mapwork. For history students, there’s a story on the vote. Need to find books to help you with your studies? We’ve got information on how to find books in the library. But there are also stories to enjoy. Read about Prophets of the City, a great new rap group with a message. And don’t forget to enter out exciting music competition or our drawing competition on page 25. You could be one of the lucky Upbeat winners! In the meantime, to all of you writing exams, we’re holding thumbs. Good luck!
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991
New Nation - Govt-Inkatha clash looms
- New Nation - SA's Biggest Independent Weekly
- Authors: New Nation - SA's Biggest Independent Weekly
- Date: Dec 1992
- Subjects: New Nation - SA's Biggest Independent Weekly
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/112906 , vital:33675
- Description: clash is looming between the National Party (NP) government and the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) following this week's unveiling by kwaZulu chief minister, Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi of a constitutional blueprint which envisages a kwaZulu/- Natal state. Following the unveiling of the document this week, state president FW de Klerk, warned that kwaZulu’s constitutional initiatives had the potential of escalating violence and of bringing the kwaZulu government into "direct confrontation" with Pretoria. An urgent meeting between De Klerk and Buthelezi is expected within the week. And sources in the government have indicated that senior NP leaders were disillusioned with the IFP and were looking for the "best way to ditch Chief Buthelezi". The sources said that although the NP recognised that Buthelezi was a factor in finding a solution to South Africa's political conflict, the party was disillusioned with the IFP and felt that the government had been misled into believing that the organisation commanded the support it claimed. The NP leadership, as well as their strategists, now believed that the De Klerk government should rather direct all its energy towards striking a deal with the ANC - provided such a deal secured a future for whites. The ANC's newly adopted "Strategic Perspective" document - which envisages powersharing between the ANC and the Nationalists from the transition phase up to the postapartheid era - is viewed as a positive signal which justifies the need for closer ties between the Nats and the ANC. There is also concern within the NP that Buthelezi's latest moves - of steering a conference of right wing parties and this week's constitutional proposals - are "driving" whites away from NP to the Conservative Party (CP). The CP is one of the parties KwaZulu chief minister, Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi that has welcomed kwaZulu's constitutional blueprint and said it was in line with the CP’s vision of the "self-determination of nations in a commonwealth of independent states”. Meanwhile, Democratic Party (DP) Member of Parliament for Umhlanga, Kobus jordaan, who was among those involved in the kwaZulu/Natal Indaba plan in the mid-1980s, said there was no comparison between that initiative and this week's constitutional proposals. "The Buthelezi that was involved in the kwaZulu/Natal Indaba, is not the same Buthelezi that we have today," said Jordaan. "He had a national approach, and never spoke about secession. This proposal smacks of secession ," added Jordaan. Scholars of Natal politics have argued that Buthelezi’s undertaking to test his proposals of a kwaZulu/Natal state in a referendum were logisti- cally impossible. The calling of a referendum was also described as "legally impossible", especially now that De Klerk has poured cold water on the initiative. KwaZulu would have no powers to call a referendum for people who live in Natal. Records of the kwaZulu interior department state that only 770 000 people - in a population of 3- million - in the homeland had registered for the 1988 elections. It is suggested that people in the province would either refuse to go to a referendum or Buthelezi would simply lose it. They have pointed out that the Inkatha leader might be over estimating his support. Economists said Natal alone could not be economically viable. The region comprises of about 25 percent of South Africa's population, but it was responsible for only 16 percent of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Dec 1992
- Authors: New Nation - SA's Biggest Independent Weekly
- Date: Dec 1992
- Subjects: New Nation - SA's Biggest Independent Weekly
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/112906 , vital:33675
- Description: clash is looming between the National Party (NP) government and the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) following this week's unveiling by kwaZulu chief minister, Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi of a constitutional blueprint which envisages a kwaZulu/- Natal state. Following the unveiling of the document this week, state president FW de Klerk, warned that kwaZulu’s constitutional initiatives had the potential of escalating violence and of bringing the kwaZulu government into "direct confrontation" with Pretoria. An urgent meeting between De Klerk and Buthelezi is expected within the week. And sources in the government have indicated that senior NP leaders were disillusioned with the IFP and were looking for the "best way to ditch Chief Buthelezi". The sources said that although the NP recognised that Buthelezi was a factor in finding a solution to South Africa's political conflict, the party was disillusioned with the IFP and felt that the government had been misled into believing that the organisation commanded the support it claimed. The NP leadership, as well as their strategists, now believed that the De Klerk government should rather direct all its energy towards striking a deal with the ANC - provided such a deal secured a future for whites. The ANC's newly adopted "Strategic Perspective" document - which envisages powersharing between the ANC and the Nationalists from the transition phase up to the postapartheid era - is viewed as a positive signal which justifies the need for closer ties between the Nats and the ANC. There is also concern within the NP that Buthelezi's latest moves - of steering a conference of right wing parties and this week's constitutional proposals - are "driving" whites away from NP to the Conservative Party (CP). The CP is one of the parties KwaZulu chief minister, Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi that has welcomed kwaZulu's constitutional blueprint and said it was in line with the CP’s vision of the "self-determination of nations in a commonwealth of independent states”. Meanwhile, Democratic Party (DP) Member of Parliament for Umhlanga, Kobus jordaan, who was among those involved in the kwaZulu/Natal Indaba plan in the mid-1980s, said there was no comparison between that initiative and this week's constitutional proposals. "The Buthelezi that was involved in the kwaZulu/Natal Indaba, is not the same Buthelezi that we have today," said Jordaan. "He had a national approach, and never spoke about secession. This proposal smacks of secession ," added Jordaan. Scholars of Natal politics have argued that Buthelezi’s undertaking to test his proposals of a kwaZulu/Natal state in a referendum were logisti- cally impossible. The calling of a referendum was also described as "legally impossible", especially now that De Klerk has poured cold water on the initiative. KwaZulu would have no powers to call a referendum for people who live in Natal. Records of the kwaZulu interior department state that only 770 000 people - in a population of 3- million - in the homeland had registered for the 1988 elections. It is suggested that people in the province would either refuse to go to a referendum or Buthelezi would simply lose it. They have pointed out that the Inkatha leader might be over estimating his support. Economists said Natal alone could not be economically viable. The region comprises of about 25 percent of South Africa's population, but it was responsible for only 16 percent of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Dec 1992