Adaptable exploit detection through scalable netflow analysis
- Herbert, Alan, Irwin, Barry V W
- Authors: Herbert, Alan , Irwin, Barry V W
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/429274 , vital:72572 , https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7802938
- Description: Full packet analysis on firewalls and intrusion detection, although effective, has been found in recent times to be detrimental to the overall performance of networks that receive large volumes of throughput. For this reason partial packet analysis technologies such as the NetFlow protocol have emerged to better mitigate these bottlenecks through log generation. This paper researches the use of log files generated by NetFlow version 9 and IPFIX to identify successful and unsuccessful exploit attacks commonly used by automated systems. These malicious communications include but are not limited to exploits that attack Microsoft RPC, Samba, NTP (Network Time Protocol) and IRC (Internet Relay Chat). These attacks are recreated through existing exploit implementations on Metasploit and through hand-crafted reconstructions of exploits via known documentation of vulnerabilities. These attacks are then monitored through a preconfigured virtual testbed containing gateways and network connections commonly found on the Internet. This common attack identification system is intended for insertion as a parallel module for Bolvedere in order to further the increase the Bolvedere system's attack detection capability.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Herbert, Alan , Irwin, Barry V W
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/429274 , vital:72572 , https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7802938
- Description: Full packet analysis on firewalls and intrusion detection, although effective, has been found in recent times to be detrimental to the overall performance of networks that receive large volumes of throughput. For this reason partial packet analysis technologies such as the NetFlow protocol have emerged to better mitigate these bottlenecks through log generation. This paper researches the use of log files generated by NetFlow version 9 and IPFIX to identify successful and unsuccessful exploit attacks commonly used by automated systems. These malicious communications include but are not limited to exploits that attack Microsoft RPC, Samba, NTP (Network Time Protocol) and IRC (Internet Relay Chat). These attacks are recreated through existing exploit implementations on Metasploit and through hand-crafted reconstructions of exploits via known documentation of vulnerabilities. These attacks are then monitored through a preconfigured virtual testbed containing gateways and network connections commonly found on the Internet. This common attack identification system is intended for insertion as a parallel module for Bolvedere in order to further the increase the Bolvedere system's attack detection capability.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Agentive learning for sustainability and equity: Communities, cooperatives and social movements as emerging foci of the learning sciences
- Engeström, Yrjö, Sannino, Annalisa, Bal, Aydin, Lotz-Sisitka, Heila, Pesanayi, Tichaona, Chikunda, Charles, Lesama, Manoel F, Picinatto, Antonio C, Querol, Marco P, Lee, Yew J
- Authors: Engeström, Yrjö , Sannino, Annalisa , Bal, Aydin , Lotz-Sisitka, Heila , Pesanayi, Tichaona , Chikunda, Charles , Lesama, Manoel F , Picinatto, Antonio C , Querol, Marco P , Lee, Yew J
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , symposium
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/436670 , vital:73292 , ISBN 978-1-4312-0852-4 , https://repository.isls.org//handle/1/372
- Description: This symposium expands the object and scope of the learning sciences by introducing communities, cooperatives and social movements as crucially important sites of learning. The sym-posium papers employ and critically interrogate cultural-historical activity theory, specifically the theory of expansive learning, and the emerging methodology of formative interven-tions as a potential framework for dealing with learning in communities, cooperatives and social movements. Expansive learning emerges as a process of revitalizing the commons, or commoning. The contributions of the symposium point toward the importance of analyzing and fostering transformative agency as a quality of learning.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Engeström, Yrjö , Sannino, Annalisa , Bal, Aydin , Lotz-Sisitka, Heila , Pesanayi, Tichaona , Chikunda, Charles , Lesama, Manoel F , Picinatto, Antonio C , Querol, Marco P , Lee, Yew J
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , symposium
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/436670 , vital:73292 , ISBN 978-1-4312-0852-4 , https://repository.isls.org//handle/1/372
- Description: This symposium expands the object and scope of the learning sciences by introducing communities, cooperatives and social movements as crucially important sites of learning. The sym-posium papers employ and critically interrogate cultural-historical activity theory, specifically the theory of expansive learning, and the emerging methodology of formative interven-tions as a potential framework for dealing with learning in communities, cooperatives and social movements. Expansive learning emerges as a process of revitalizing the commons, or commoning. The contributions of the symposium point toward the importance of analyzing and fostering transformative agency as a quality of learning.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Biological activity of extracellular and intracellular polysaccharides from Pleurotus tuber-regium hybrid and mutant strains
- Bamigboye, Comfort O, Oloke, Julius K, Dames, Joanna Felicity
- Authors: Bamigboye, Comfort O , Oloke, Julius K , Dames, Joanna Felicity
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/69056 , vital:29376 , http://pubs.sciepub.com/jfnr/4/7/2/
- Description: Publisher version , Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) Singer (1951) is a unique sclerotium-forming edible and medicinal mushroom. Interestingly, both the sclerotium and mushroom are edible and are often used for curing various ailments. Previous studies have focused on the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) from wild P. tuber-regium. There has been no report on the intracellular polysaccharide (IPS) of the wild mycelia, likewise there is very meager information on the improvement of the perceived potentials of P. tuber-regium. This research study analysed the EPS and IPS fractions of P. tuber-regium hybrid and mutant strains. The antimicrobial potential of the IPS and EPS fractions, their scavenging activity on 1, 1-diphenyl–2picryhydrazyl (DPPH) and Hydroxyl radicals were also determined. Both IPS and EPS fractions of P. tuber-regium hybrids and mutants showed increased DPPH and hydroxyl scavenging activity over the wild P. tuber-regium with an EC50 mostly 1 mg/ml. The antimicrobial activity of the IPS from a mutant strain had an IC50 of 15.6 mg/ml compared to the wild type (18.75 mg /ml). This study showed that selected mutant and hybrids of P. tuber-regium had increased radical scavenging activity indicating potentially increased biological activity that could offer increased benefit as a neutraceutical.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Bamigboye, Comfort O , Oloke, Julius K , Dames, Joanna Felicity
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/69056 , vital:29376 , http://pubs.sciepub.com/jfnr/4/7/2/
- Description: Publisher version , Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) Singer (1951) is a unique sclerotium-forming edible and medicinal mushroom. Interestingly, both the sclerotium and mushroom are edible and are often used for curing various ailments. Previous studies have focused on the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) from wild P. tuber-regium. There has been no report on the intracellular polysaccharide (IPS) of the wild mycelia, likewise there is very meager information on the improvement of the perceived potentials of P. tuber-regium. This research study analysed the EPS and IPS fractions of P. tuber-regium hybrid and mutant strains. The antimicrobial potential of the IPS and EPS fractions, their scavenging activity on 1, 1-diphenyl–2picryhydrazyl (DPPH) and Hydroxyl radicals were also determined. Both IPS and EPS fractions of P. tuber-regium hybrids and mutants showed increased DPPH and hydroxyl scavenging activity over the wild P. tuber-regium with an EC50 mostly 1 mg/ml. The antimicrobial activity of the IPS from a mutant strain had an IC50 of 15.6 mg/ml compared to the wild type (18.75 mg /ml). This study showed that selected mutant and hybrids of P. tuber-regium had increased radical scavenging activity indicating potentially increased biological activity that could offer increased benefit as a neutraceutical.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
Diet of the endemic bivalve Solen cylindraceus inferred from stable isotope analysis in the Kariega Estuary, South Africa
- Nel, Holly A, Froneman, P William
- Authors: Nel, Holly A , Froneman, P William
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/67933 , vital:29170 , https://doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2016.1175917
- Description: Publisher version , Sedentary filter-feeders such as the razor clam (Solen cylindraceus) are believed to indiscriminately exploit a carbon source derived from particulate organic matter (POM). POM demonstrates a high degree of spatial and temporal variability in composition, which may result in intraspecific dietary variation. This study aimed to investigate seasonal ontogenetic shifts in the feeding ecology of S. cylindraceus using dual stable isotopic (δ13C and δ15N) analyses in the oligotrophic temperate permanently open Kariega Estuary, South Africa. Mixing model results demonstrate that the different size classes of S. cylindraceus had a diet comprised mainly of POM. However, size grouping did have a significant effect on carbon and nitrogen signatures. Specifically, during winter, carbon isotopic signatures became more depleted with a decrease in size, while both winter and summer δ15N values became more nitrogen enriched with an increase in size. The observed trend in the ratios can likely be ascribed to the hydrodynamics of the system. Data from this study suggest that there may be some degree of variation among the different size cohorts, although this needs further investigation.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Nel, Holly A , Froneman, P William
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/67933 , vital:29170 , https://doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2016.1175917
- Description: Publisher version , Sedentary filter-feeders such as the razor clam (Solen cylindraceus) are believed to indiscriminately exploit a carbon source derived from particulate organic matter (POM). POM demonstrates a high degree of spatial and temporal variability in composition, which may result in intraspecific dietary variation. This study aimed to investigate seasonal ontogenetic shifts in the feeding ecology of S. cylindraceus using dual stable isotopic (δ13C and δ15N) analyses in the oligotrophic temperate permanently open Kariega Estuary, South Africa. Mixing model results demonstrate that the different size classes of S. cylindraceus had a diet comprised mainly of POM. However, size grouping did have a significant effect on carbon and nitrogen signatures. Specifically, during winter, carbon isotopic signatures became more depleted with a decrease in size, while both winter and summer δ15N values became more nitrogen enriched with an increase in size. The observed trend in the ratios can likely be ascribed to the hydrodynamics of the system. Data from this study suggest that there may be some degree of variation among the different size cohorts, although this needs further investigation.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
Disaster management policy options to address the sanitation challenges in South Africa
- Hoossein, Shafick, Tandlich, Roman, Whittington-Jones, Kevin J, Laubscher, Richard K, Madikizela, Phindile, Zuma, Bongumusa M
- Authors: Hoossein, Shafick , Tandlich, Roman , Whittington-Jones, Kevin J , Laubscher, Richard K , Madikizela, Phindile , Zuma, Bongumusa M
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75938 , vital:30485 , https://www.neha.org/node/28591
- Description: The current population of South Africa has been migrating into informal urban settlements that lack adequate sanitation service delivery, caused at least in part by the lack of the necessary skills in the local government sector and the lack of buy in from the community into the provided sanitation facilities. The authors report results of policy research into the relevant disaster management options that could be applied to improve the sanitation service delivery in South Africa. The best policy option was identified as the draft Disaster Management Regulations: Disaster Management. Local government can use these tools through the formation of the volunteer units from the nongovernmental organization sector, the business community, and from among the end users of sanitation facilities. Formation of the volunteer unit should follow the principles of cooperative governance and participatory approach to disaster management. Implementation should be facilitated through the adoption of locally specific municipal by laws.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Hoossein, Shafick , Tandlich, Roman , Whittington-Jones, Kevin J , Laubscher, Richard K , Madikizela, Phindile , Zuma, Bongumusa M
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75938 , vital:30485 , https://www.neha.org/node/28591
- Description: The current population of South Africa has been migrating into informal urban settlements that lack adequate sanitation service delivery, caused at least in part by the lack of the necessary skills in the local government sector and the lack of buy in from the community into the provided sanitation facilities. The authors report results of policy research into the relevant disaster management options that could be applied to improve the sanitation service delivery in South Africa. The best policy option was identified as the draft Disaster Management Regulations: Disaster Management. Local government can use these tools through the formation of the volunteer units from the nongovernmental organization sector, the business community, and from among the end users of sanitation facilities. Formation of the volunteer unit should follow the principles of cooperative governance and participatory approach to disaster management. Implementation should be facilitated through the adoption of locally specific municipal by laws.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
Dridex: Analysis of the traffic and automatic generation of IOCs
- Rudman, Lauren, Irwin, Barry V W
- Authors: Rudman, Lauren , Irwin, Barry V W
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/429525 , vital:72619 , https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7802932
- Description: In this paper we present a framework that generates network Indicators of Compromise (IOC) automatically from a malware sample after dynamic runtime analysis. The framework addresses the limitations of manual Indicator of Compromise generation and utilises sandbox environment to perform the malware analysis in. We focus on the generation of network based IOCs from captured traffic files (PCAPs) generated by the dynamic malware analysis. The Cuckoo Sandbox environment is used for the analysis and the setup is described in detail. Accordingly, we discuss the concept of IOCs and the popular formats used as there is currently no standard. As an example of how the proof-of-concept framework can be used, we chose 100 Dridex malware samples and evaluated the traffic and showed what can be used for the generation of network-based IOCs. Results of our system confirm that we can create IOCs from dynamic malware analysis and avoid the legitimate background traffic originating from the sandbox system. We also briefly discuss the sharing of, and application of the generated IOCs and the number of systems that can be used to share them. Lastly we discuss how they can be useful in combating cyber threats.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Rudman, Lauren , Irwin, Barry V W
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/429525 , vital:72619 , https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7802932
- Description: In this paper we present a framework that generates network Indicators of Compromise (IOC) automatically from a malware sample after dynamic runtime analysis. The framework addresses the limitations of manual Indicator of Compromise generation and utilises sandbox environment to perform the malware analysis in. We focus on the generation of network based IOCs from captured traffic files (PCAPs) generated by the dynamic malware analysis. The Cuckoo Sandbox environment is used for the analysis and the setup is described in detail. Accordingly, we discuss the concept of IOCs and the popular formats used as there is currently no standard. As an example of how the proof-of-concept framework can be used, we chose 100 Dridex malware samples and evaluated the traffic and showed what can be used for the generation of network-based IOCs. Results of our system confirm that we can create IOCs from dynamic malware analysis and avoid the legitimate background traffic originating from the sandbox system. We also briefly discuss the sharing of, and application of the generated IOCs and the number of systems that can be used to share them. Lastly we discuss how they can be useful in combating cyber threats.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Enigmatic tissue in the orobranchial chamber of cardinalfishes of the genus Siphamia (Perciformes, Apogonidae)
- Gon, Ofer, Pinchuck, Shirley C
- Authors: Gon, Ofer , Pinchuck, Shirley C
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/443297 , vital:74106 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC196540
- Description: An unusual tissue covering the tongue and occasionally part of the gill chamber of many species of the Indo-Pacific cardinalfish genus Siphamia is described and compared with an earlier description of a similar tissue found in the cichlid species Alcolapia grahami inhabiting lakes of the African Rift Valley. Species of both genera are mouth brooders. The Siphamia tissue is globular and its cells are oblong, whereas the A. grahami tissue is single-layered, with larger, columnar cells. The tissues of both have the characteristics of a mucosa and show evidence of active synthesis. While ion regulation has been proposed for the A. grahami tissue, the function of the Siphamia tissue is unknown, but a role in feeding, or antibiotic or appetite-suppressing functions have been suggested.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Gon, Ofer , Pinchuck, Shirley C
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/443297 , vital:74106 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC196540
- Description: An unusual tissue covering the tongue and occasionally part of the gill chamber of many species of the Indo-Pacific cardinalfish genus Siphamia is described and compared with an earlier description of a similar tissue found in the cichlid species Alcolapia grahami inhabiting lakes of the African Rift Valley. Species of both genera are mouth brooders. The Siphamia tissue is globular and its cells are oblong, whereas the A. grahami tissue is single-layered, with larger, columnar cells. The tissues of both have the characteristics of a mucosa and show evidence of active synthesis. While ion regulation has been proposed for the A. grahami tissue, the function of the Siphamia tissue is unknown, but a role in feeding, or antibiotic or appetite-suppressing functions have been suggested.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Food waste generation and potential interventions at Rhodes University, South Africa
- Painter, Kathleen, Thondhlana, Gladman, Kua, Harn W
- Authors: Painter, Kathleen , Thondhlana, Gladman , Kua, Harn W
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/67733 , vital:29135 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.07.013
- Description: Publisher version , Estimation of food waste generation represents the first step when considering efforts to reduce waste generation and monitor food waste reduction against set targets. This study reports on an estimation of food waste generated in university dining halls at Rhodes University, South Africa. Daily food waste generation was estimated at about 555 g per student or 2 tonnes across all sample dining halls, translating to about 450 tonnes per year. The results show that food waste is influenced by an array of contextual factors, including distance to dining hall, gender composition of hall and meal times and meal options. It is estimated that the university could save up to US$ 80 000 annually for every 10% reduction in the current rate of food waste generation. Possible educational, technical and administrative interventions for food waste reduction are discussed.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Painter, Kathleen , Thondhlana, Gladman , Kua, Harn W
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/67733 , vital:29135 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.07.013
- Description: Publisher version , Estimation of food waste generation represents the first step when considering efforts to reduce waste generation and monitor food waste reduction against set targets. This study reports on an estimation of food waste generated in university dining halls at Rhodes University, South Africa. Daily food waste generation was estimated at about 555 g per student or 2 tonnes across all sample dining halls, translating to about 450 tonnes per year. The results show that food waste is influenced by an array of contextual factors, including distance to dining hall, gender composition of hall and meal times and meal options. It is estimated that the university could save up to US$ 80 000 annually for every 10% reduction in the current rate of food waste generation. Possible educational, technical and administrative interventions for food waste reduction are discussed.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
HealthMessenger: an e-Health service to support ICT deployments in poor areas
- Gremu, Chikumbutso, Terzoli, Alfredo, Tsietsi, Mosiuoa
- Authors: Gremu, Chikumbutso , Terzoli, Alfredo , Tsietsi, Mosiuoa
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/430609 , vital:72703 , 10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2016.7530632
- Description: Development and implementation of appropriate e-services as well as revenue generation are key to deploying and sustaining ICT installa-tions in poor areas in developing countries. The area of e-Health is a promising area for e-Services that are important to populations in poor areas and health service organisations that are already spending mon-ey on different health initiatives in these areas. This paper discusses an e-Health service that facilitates dissemination of health information to people living in poor areas and that is subsequently used to generate revenue to support deployment and development of ICT in the areas. The tool was developed within the context of the Siyakhula Living Lab (SLL), a multi-stakeholder operation that promotes ICT for Development in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Creation of health con-tent for the e-health service and its subsequent consumption happen in two different environments from a technological and social point of view. To enable this to happen, the e-service comprises two component applications that run in a peer-to-peer fashion. The component that is used to disseminate content for end-user consumption is called the HealthMessenger. The HealthMessenger is hosted on an environment called TeleWeaver, an application integration platform developed within the SLL to host software applications targeting people living in poor ar-eas. The platform is customised to support services with a revenue generation component.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Gremu, Chikumbutso , Terzoli, Alfredo , Tsietsi, Mosiuoa
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/430609 , vital:72703 , 10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2016.7530632
- Description: Development and implementation of appropriate e-services as well as revenue generation are key to deploying and sustaining ICT installa-tions in poor areas in developing countries. The area of e-Health is a promising area for e-Services that are important to populations in poor areas and health service organisations that are already spending mon-ey on different health initiatives in these areas. This paper discusses an e-Health service that facilitates dissemination of health information to people living in poor areas and that is subsequently used to generate revenue to support deployment and development of ICT in the areas. The tool was developed within the context of the Siyakhula Living Lab (SLL), a multi-stakeholder operation that promotes ICT for Development in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Creation of health con-tent for the e-health service and its subsequent consumption happen in two different environments from a technological and social point of view. To enable this to happen, the e-service comprises two component applications that run in a peer-to-peer fashion. The component that is used to disseminate content for end-user consumption is called the HealthMessenger. The HealthMessenger is hosted on an environment called TeleWeaver, an application integration platform developed within the SLL to host software applications targeting people living in poor ar-eas. The platform is customised to support services with a revenue generation component.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Heat accumulation and development rate of massed maggots of the sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
- Kotzé, Zanthé, Villet, Martin H, Weldon, Christopher W
- Authors: Kotzé, Zanthé , Villet, Martin H , Weldon, Christopher W
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/442168 , vital:73964 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2016.09.009
- Description: Blowfly larvae aggregate on exposed carcasses and corpses and pass through three instars before wandering from the carcass and pupating. The developmental landmarks in this process can be used by forensic entomologists to estimate the time since the insects colonised the carcass, which sets a minimum post mortem interval. Large aggregations of feeding larvae generate a microclimate with temperatures up to 15 °C above ambient conditions, which may accelerate larval development and affect forensic estimates of post-mortem intervals. This study investigated the effects of heat accumulated by maggot masses of Lucilia cuprina at aggregations of 20, 50 and 100 larvae, each at incubation temperatures of 18 °C, 24 °C and 30 °C, using body length and life stage as developmental indicators. Aggregation temperatures reached up to 18.7 °C above ambient temperature, with significant effects of both size and temperature of the aggregation on the development time of its larvae. Survivorship was highest for all life stages at 24 °C, which is near the developmental optimum of L. cuprina. The results of this study provide a broadly applicable method of quantifying heat accumulation by aggregations of a wide range of species of forensic importance, and the results obtained from such studies will demonstrate that ambient temperature cannot be considered the only source of heat that blowfly larvae experience when they develop on a carcass. Neglect of temperatures within larval aggregations will result in an overestimation of post-mortem intervals and thus have far-reaching medicolegal consequences.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Kotzé, Zanthé , Villet, Martin H , Weldon, Christopher W
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/442168 , vital:73964 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2016.09.009
- Description: Blowfly larvae aggregate on exposed carcasses and corpses and pass through three instars before wandering from the carcass and pupating. The developmental landmarks in this process can be used by forensic entomologists to estimate the time since the insects colonised the carcass, which sets a minimum post mortem interval. Large aggregations of feeding larvae generate a microclimate with temperatures up to 15 °C above ambient conditions, which may accelerate larval development and affect forensic estimates of post-mortem intervals. This study investigated the effects of heat accumulated by maggot masses of Lucilia cuprina at aggregations of 20, 50 and 100 larvae, each at incubation temperatures of 18 °C, 24 °C and 30 °C, using body length and life stage as developmental indicators. Aggregation temperatures reached up to 18.7 °C above ambient temperature, with significant effects of both size and temperature of the aggregation on the development time of its larvae. Survivorship was highest for all life stages at 24 °C, which is near the developmental optimum of L. cuprina. The results of this study provide a broadly applicable method of quantifying heat accumulation by aggregations of a wide range of species of forensic importance, and the results obtained from such studies will demonstrate that ambient temperature cannot be considered the only source of heat that blowfly larvae experience when they develop on a carcass. Neglect of temperatures within larval aggregations will result in an overestimation of post-mortem intervals and thus have far-reaching medicolegal consequences.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Introduction: the multilingual context of education in Africa
- Kaschula, Russell H, Wolff, H Ekkehard
- Authors: Kaschula, Russell H , Wolff, H Ekkehard
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/174849 , vital:42515 , ISBN 978-0415315760 , https://www.amazon.com/Multilingual-Education-Africa-Practices-Routledge/dp/041531576X
- Description: The common thread in this book is the exploration of innovative pedagogies in language teaching and language use in education. The greatest danger facing educators is one of complacency. Whether set in Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, South Africa or elsewhere in Africa, all the chapters in this book emphasise the imperative for educators to constantly revise curricula and teaching methods in order to find the most appropriate ways of teaching and using language in multilingual settings.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Kaschula, Russell H , Wolff, H Ekkehard
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/174849 , vital:42515 , ISBN 978-0415315760 , https://www.amazon.com/Multilingual-Education-Africa-Practices-Routledge/dp/041531576X
- Description: The common thread in this book is the exploration of innovative pedagogies in language teaching and language use in education. The greatest danger facing educators is one of complacency. Whether set in Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, South Africa or elsewhere in Africa, all the chapters in this book emphasise the imperative for educators to constantly revise curricula and teaching methods in order to find the most appropriate ways of teaching and using language in multilingual settings.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Teaching operating systems: just enough abstraction
- Authors: Machanick, Philip
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/439265 , vital:73560 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47680-3_10
- Description: There are two major approaches to teaching operating systems: conceptual and detailed. I explore the middle ground with an approach designed to equip students with the tools to explore detail later as the need arises, without requiring the time and grasp of detail needed to understand a full OS implementation. To meet those goals, I apply various strategies to different concepts, for example, faking the detail and using techniques from computer architecture simulation. The course aims to give students a better sense of how things work than a conceptual approach without the time required for a full implementation-based course.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Machanick, Philip
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/439265 , vital:73560 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47680-3_10
- Description: There are two major approaches to teaching operating systems: conceptual and detailed. I explore the middle ground with an approach designed to equip students with the tools to explore detail later as the need arises, without requiring the time and grasp of detail needed to understand a full OS implementation. To meet those goals, I apply various strategies to different concepts, for example, faking the detail and using techniques from computer architecture simulation. The course aims to give students a better sense of how things work than a conceptual approach without the time required for a full implementation-based course.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Un Langage, des Visions, une Passerelle:
- Authors: Tshilumba Mukendi, J S
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/146177 , vital:38502 , ISBN 9789074816496 , https://books.google.co.za/books?id=QDSdAQAACAAJanddq=Creer+en+postcolonie:+Voix+et+dissidences+belgo-congolaise+2010-2015andhl=enandsa=Xandved=0ahUKEwjts_Si_b_pAhXvShUIHWXwCd4Q6AEIJzAA
- Description: Book abstract. The authors and artists (Baloji, Toma Muteba Luntumbue, Nganji Laeh, Nina Miskina, Joëlle Sambi, Sarah Arens, Heleen Debeuckelaere, Bénédicte Kumbi ...) who contributed to the work to debate the Belgian postcolonial question and it will be punctuated by poetic and musical stops.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Tshilumba Mukendi, J S
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/146177 , vital:38502 , ISBN 9789074816496 , https://books.google.co.za/books?id=QDSdAQAACAAJanddq=Creer+en+postcolonie:+Voix+et+dissidences+belgo-congolaise+2010-2015andhl=enandsa=Xandved=0ahUKEwjts_Si_b_pAhXvShUIHWXwCd4Q6AEIJzAA
- Description: Book abstract. The authors and artists (Baloji, Toma Muteba Luntumbue, Nganji Laeh, Nina Miskina, Joëlle Sambi, Sarah Arens, Heleen Debeuckelaere, Bénédicte Kumbi ...) who contributed to the work to debate the Belgian postcolonial question and it will be punctuated by poetic and musical stops.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Validation of the periodicity of growth zone formation in the otoliths of four fish species from the Upper Zambezi ecoregion, southern Africa
- Taylor, Geraldine C, Peel, Richard A, Weyl, Olaf L F, Hay, Clinton J
- Authors: Taylor, Geraldine C , Peel, Richard A , Weyl, Olaf L F , Hay, Clinton J
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/443414 , vital:74116 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC196537
- Description: In the Upper Zambezi and Okavango ecoregions, Brycinus lateralis, Hepsetus cuvieri, Schilbe intermedius and Serranochromis macrocephalus are important in subsistence fisheries, while S. intermedius and S. macrocephalus are often caught in commercial catches. Despite their importance, there is little information on their age and growth and age validation. Growth zone deposition rate in otoliths of B. lateralis, H. cuvieri, S. intermedius and S. macrocephalus was validated as annual using edge analysis in this study. Annual deposition of growth zones was corroborated by a fluorochrome marking experiment. Both methods demonstrated that one growth zone was deposited annually. Edge analysis demonstrated that the highest proportion of opaque zones was detected between August and December, most likely as a result of slow growth during lower temperature water during the preceding winter. With growth zone deposition validated as annual, future research should focus on determining the growth, maturity and mortality rates of these species, parameters which are important for their management.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Taylor, Geraldine C , Peel, Richard A , Weyl, Olaf L F , Hay, Clinton J
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/443414 , vital:74116 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC196537
- Description: In the Upper Zambezi and Okavango ecoregions, Brycinus lateralis, Hepsetus cuvieri, Schilbe intermedius and Serranochromis macrocephalus are important in subsistence fisheries, while S. intermedius and S. macrocephalus are often caught in commercial catches. Despite their importance, there is little information on their age and growth and age validation. Growth zone deposition rate in otoliths of B. lateralis, H. cuvieri, S. intermedius and S. macrocephalus was validated as annual using edge analysis in this study. Annual deposition of growth zones was corroborated by a fluorochrome marking experiment. Both methods demonstrated that one growth zone was deposited annually. Edge analysis demonstrated that the highest proportion of opaque zones was detected between August and December, most likely as a result of slow growth during lower temperature water during the preceding winter. With growth zone deposition validated as annual, future research should focus on determining the growth, maturity and mortality rates of these species, parameters which are important for their management.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Why a contextual approach to professional development?
- Leibowitz, B L, Vorster, Jo-Anne E, Ndebele, C
- Authors: Leibowitz, B L , Vorster, Jo-Anne E , Ndebele, C
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: article , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61288 , vital:28009 , https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-4ad93ec2a
- Description: One of the peculiarities of the literature on academic professional development with regard to teaching is its a-political nature. It pays insufficient attention to issues of equity, and to how privilege, geographical location, class and ethnicity influence the way that staff in higher education learn to teach. This is surprising, or paradoxical, given the strong world-wide concern for widening participation and student success in higher education. The approaches towards professional academic development have been dominated by literature from the global North, which does not take into account conditions in resource-constrained environments. We contend that literature from these Southern environments enrich the international body of literature. Thus there is a need for scholarly writing on learning to teach in higher education, which takes a specifically social, contextual and relational approach and which considers these within resource-rich as well as resource-constrained environments.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Leibowitz, B L , Vorster, Jo-Anne E , Ndebele, C
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: article , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61288 , vital:28009 , https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-4ad93ec2a
- Description: One of the peculiarities of the literature on academic professional development with regard to teaching is its a-political nature. It pays insufficient attention to issues of equity, and to how privilege, geographical location, class and ethnicity influence the way that staff in higher education learn to teach. This is surprising, or paradoxical, given the strong world-wide concern for widening participation and student success in higher education. The approaches towards professional academic development have been dominated by literature from the global North, which does not take into account conditions in resource-constrained environments. We contend that literature from these Southern environments enrich the international body of literature. Thus there is a need for scholarly writing on learning to teach in higher education, which takes a specifically social, contextual and relational approach and which considers these within resource-rich as well as resource-constrained environments.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
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