Suicide and the South African business cycle: a time series approach, 2006-2015
- Authors: Pitot, Amaury
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Suicide -- South Africa , Business cycles -- South Africa , Autoregression (Statistics) , Divorce -- South Africa , AutoRegressive Distributed Lagged model (ARDL)
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62286 , vital:28150
- Description: Suicide is a major public health issue and imposes substantial economic cost on society every year. For example, the World Health Organisation has estimated that there are over one million completed suicides every year, of which about 75% occur in middle and low income countries. In South Africa, suicide is one of the leading causes of non-natural death, but remains under-researched from an economic point of view due to limited data availability. Using monthly data for the period 2006-2015, this study explores whether there is a relationship between suicide and the South African business cycle. This is further broken down to examine how, if at all, this relationship with the business cycle differs across age-, gender-, and racial groups. The primary source of data for suicide and demographic groups were obtained from Statistics South Africa’s Mortality and Causes of Death Data from Death Notification released since 2006. The coincident indicator was used as a proxy for the business cycle as it represents the business cycle in real time. Using an autoregressive distributed lagged model (ARDL), a long run relationship was established with suicide being a function of the coincident indicator, divorce and fertility rate. The findings of this paper show that the overall suicide rate moves with the South African business cycle (i.e. pro-cyclical relationship) in the long run. This relationship holds for males, the black population group and the 15-29 and 30-44 age categories. In addition, the divorce rate had a positive and significant relationship with the overall suicide rate, as well as suicide among the black population group and for the 30-44 age category, whereas fertility rates had no significant relationship with suicide.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Pitot, Amaury
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Suicide -- South Africa , Business cycles -- South Africa , Autoregression (Statistics) , Divorce -- South Africa , AutoRegressive Distributed Lagged model (ARDL)
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62286 , vital:28150
- Description: Suicide is a major public health issue and imposes substantial economic cost on society every year. For example, the World Health Organisation has estimated that there are over one million completed suicides every year, of which about 75% occur in middle and low income countries. In South Africa, suicide is one of the leading causes of non-natural death, but remains under-researched from an economic point of view due to limited data availability. Using monthly data for the period 2006-2015, this study explores whether there is a relationship between suicide and the South African business cycle. This is further broken down to examine how, if at all, this relationship with the business cycle differs across age-, gender-, and racial groups. The primary source of data for suicide and demographic groups were obtained from Statistics South Africa’s Mortality and Causes of Death Data from Death Notification released since 2006. The coincident indicator was used as a proxy for the business cycle as it represents the business cycle in real time. Using an autoregressive distributed lagged model (ARDL), a long run relationship was established with suicide being a function of the coincident indicator, divorce and fertility rate. The findings of this paper show that the overall suicide rate moves with the South African business cycle (i.e. pro-cyclical relationship) in the long run. This relationship holds for males, the black population group and the 15-29 and 30-44 age categories. In addition, the divorce rate had a positive and significant relationship with the overall suicide rate, as well as suicide among the black population group and for the 30-44 age category, whereas fertility rates had no significant relationship with suicide.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
U Dzhenelela Kha Vhulanguli Ha Zwiko Zwa Madi
- Burt, Jane C, du Toit, Derick, Neves, David, Pollard, Sharon, Berold, Robert, Stanford, Mindy
- Authors: Burt, Jane C , du Toit, Derick , Neves, David , Pollard, Sharon , Berold, Robert , Stanford, Mindy
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , report
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/437657 , vital:73400 , ISBN 1-77005-504-5 , https://wrcwebsite.azurewebsites.net/wp-content/uploads/mdocs/TT291-06.pdf
- Description: Mulayo wa Lushakawa Madi (1998) u vulela ndila vhathu zwavho uri vha kone u dzhenelela kha Ndangulo ya Zwiko zwa Madi (WRM). Bugu iyi i amba nga uri u shela mulennzhe kana u dzhenelela ndi mini kha nyito. Thodisiso ya bugu iyi yo yo itwa nga tshigwada tsha vho gudelaho Ndangulo ya Zwiko zwa Madi (WRM) vhukati ha 2003 na 2005. Vhatodisisi vho da na themendelo mbili dza ndeme: 1. Kupfesesele kwashu kwa ipfi “u dzhenelela” zwi tou vha na vhukwamani thwii na uri ri langa hani zwiko zwa madi. Zwenezwo ri tea u khwathisedza ndivho yashu na tshenzhemo kha u dzhenelela kha WRM.( Ndangulo ya Zwiko zwa Madi) 2. Ri toda tsivhudzo yo teaho musi ri tshi pulana u dzhenelela kha zwa zwa WRM, hone tsivhudzo iyi i tea u kona u shandukisea uri maitele a u dzhenelela avhe o teaho kha nyimele inwe nainwe kana dzothe. Bugu iyi yo khethekanywa nga kha zwipida zwivhili: Tshipida, thoho U dzhenelela kha Ndangulo ya Zwiko zwa Madi kha la Afrika Tshipembe , zwi sumbedza uri mihumbulo yo fhambanho ya vhathu na zwi anganyelwaho zwa tu-tuwedza uri vha nga langa hani zwiko zwa madi.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Burt, Jane C , du Toit, Derick , Neves, David , Pollard, Sharon , Berold, Robert , Stanford, Mindy
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , report
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/437657 , vital:73400 , ISBN 1-77005-504-5 , https://wrcwebsite.azurewebsites.net/wp-content/uploads/mdocs/TT291-06.pdf
- Description: Mulayo wa Lushakawa Madi (1998) u vulela ndila vhathu zwavho uri vha kone u dzhenelela kha Ndangulo ya Zwiko zwa Madi (WRM). Bugu iyi i amba nga uri u shela mulennzhe kana u dzhenelela ndi mini kha nyito. Thodisiso ya bugu iyi yo yo itwa nga tshigwada tsha vho gudelaho Ndangulo ya Zwiko zwa Madi (WRM) vhukati ha 2003 na 2005. Vhatodisisi vho da na themendelo mbili dza ndeme: 1. Kupfesesele kwashu kwa ipfi “u dzhenelela” zwi tou vha na vhukwamani thwii na uri ri langa hani zwiko zwa madi. Zwenezwo ri tea u khwathisedza ndivho yashu na tshenzhemo kha u dzhenelela kha WRM.( Ndangulo ya Zwiko zwa Madi) 2. Ri toda tsivhudzo yo teaho musi ri tshi pulana u dzhenelela kha zwa zwa WRM, hone tsivhudzo iyi i tea u kona u shandukisea uri maitele a u dzhenelela avhe o teaho kha nyimele inwe nainwe kana dzothe. Bugu iyi yo khethekanywa nga kha zwipida zwivhili: Tshipida, thoho U dzhenelela kha Ndangulo ya Zwiko zwa Madi kha la Afrika Tshipembe , zwi sumbedza uri mihumbulo yo fhambanho ya vhathu na zwi anganyelwaho zwa tu-tuwedza uri vha nga langa hani zwiko zwa madi.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
Applied aquatic ecotoxicology sub-lethal methods, whole effluent testing and communication
- Palmer, Carolyn G, Muller, Nikite W J, Davies-Coleman, Heather D
- Authors: Palmer, Carolyn G , Muller, Nikite W J , Davies-Coleman, Heather D
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , report
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/437785 , vital:73409 , ISBN 1-77005-252-6 , https://wrcwebsite.azurewebsites.net/wp-content/uploads/mdocs/1245-1-041.pdf
- Description: This report is the most recent in a series of WRC reports on the development of the capacity to undertake ecotoxicological research in South Africa. The development followed the following tines: • Recognition, as a result of the Kruger National Park Rivers Research Programme, that there were virtually no data on the water quality requirements of South African macroin vertebrates. • Development of the capacity to undertake experimental tolerance testing using riverine invertebrates in artificial stream systems. • Investigation of the salt tolerances, and whole effluent toxicity responses, of both standard toxicity test taxa and South African macroinverte-brates. • Development of both lethal and sub-lethal measures. • Application of re-search results to the development of methods for water quality within ecological Reserve determinations, and the implementation of the National Water Act (NWA) (No 36. of 1998) and National Water Resource Strategy (NWRS). The WRC is com-mitted to funding research that underpins the implementation of the NWA and the NWRS. Over the past 12 years it became clear that there would not be a rapid up-take of ecotoxicology research results in South Africa, and that it was important to place ecotoxicology in the wider context of water quality. From this recognition, the concept of Environmental Water Quality evolved.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Palmer, Carolyn G , Muller, Nikite W J , Davies-Coleman, Heather D
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , report
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/437785 , vital:73409 , ISBN 1-77005-252-6 , https://wrcwebsite.azurewebsites.net/wp-content/uploads/mdocs/1245-1-041.pdf
- Description: This report is the most recent in a series of WRC reports on the development of the capacity to undertake ecotoxicological research in South Africa. The development followed the following tines: • Recognition, as a result of the Kruger National Park Rivers Research Programme, that there were virtually no data on the water quality requirements of South African macroin vertebrates. • Development of the capacity to undertake experimental tolerance testing using riverine invertebrates in artificial stream systems. • Investigation of the salt tolerances, and whole effluent toxicity responses, of both standard toxicity test taxa and South African macroinverte-brates. • Development of both lethal and sub-lethal measures. • Application of re-search results to the development of methods for water quality within ecological Reserve determinations, and the implementation of the National Water Act (NWA) (No 36. of 1998) and National Water Resource Strategy (NWRS). The WRC is com-mitted to funding research that underpins the implementation of the NWA and the NWRS. Over the past 12 years it became clear that there would not be a rapid up-take of ecotoxicology research results in South Africa, and that it was important to place ecotoxicology in the wider context of water quality. From this recognition, the concept of Environmental Water Quality evolved.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
Intermediate shop steward training manual
- CWIU
- Authors: CWIU
- Date: Apr 1992
- Subjects: CWIU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/135509 , vital:37272
- Description: Dismissal is managements main weapon against workers. The union strives for JOB SECURITY for all workers; companies try to create INSECURITY amongst workers. Fighting against dismissals is therefore one of the biggest jobs a shop steward faces. A shop steward must be able to handle individual dismissal cases, without having to call in the organiser. In the old days, foremen / managers could fire workers for any small reason, and get away with it. Since 1973 workers have rebuilt unions to fight for their rights. One of the rights workers have fought for is the right to challenge dismissals. Workers have fought for this right in the factories and in the Industrial Court. Through such struggles, progress has been made, and certain rules have developed about what is " fair " and what is " unfair Management and the government are always trying to find ways to make dismissals easier. For instance the Labour Relations Act was changed in 1988. In the new Act, it was made easier for management to dismiss workers. However, the Unions fought and struggled to take out these changes to the Act. On May 1 1991 the Labour Relations Act was once again changed - this time more in favour of workers. Now, dismissals have to follow certain strict rules.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Apr 1992
- Authors: CWIU
- Date: Apr 1992
- Subjects: CWIU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/135509 , vital:37272
- Description: Dismissal is managements main weapon against workers. The union strives for JOB SECURITY for all workers; companies try to create INSECURITY amongst workers. Fighting against dismissals is therefore one of the biggest jobs a shop steward faces. A shop steward must be able to handle individual dismissal cases, without having to call in the organiser. In the old days, foremen / managers could fire workers for any small reason, and get away with it. Since 1973 workers have rebuilt unions to fight for their rights. One of the rights workers have fought for is the right to challenge dismissals. Workers have fought for this right in the factories and in the Industrial Court. Through such struggles, progress has been made, and certain rules have developed about what is " fair " and what is " unfair Management and the government are always trying to find ways to make dismissals easier. For instance the Labour Relations Act was changed in 1988. In the new Act, it was made easier for management to dismiss workers. However, the Unions fought and struggled to take out these changes to the Act. On May 1 1991 the Labour Relations Act was once again changed - this time more in favour of workers. Now, dismissals have to follow certain strict rules.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Apr 1992
Montagu middagskof
- University of Cape Town, Centre for Extra-Mural Studies
- Authors: University of Cape Town, Centre for Extra-Mural Studies
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: Readers for new literates , Afrikaans language -- Readers
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/74888 , vital:30351
- Description: Op Saterdag 5 Oktober 1985 het 50 mense indie saal van die Montagu/Ashton-Gemeenskaosdiens bymekaargekom. Almal het te doen met die Lees- en-Skryfprojek : daar was 21 leerders en 15 groepleiers uit die dorp en wyk; La-La, Dawie en ander personeel en vriende van die MAG; en 5 mense van die Kaap wat die afge- lope maande gehelp het met die projek. Die leerders en groepleiers het die stories geskryf wat in hierdie boek verskyn.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
- Authors: University of Cape Town, Centre for Extra-Mural Studies
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: Readers for new literates , Afrikaans language -- Readers
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/74888 , vital:30351
- Description: Op Saterdag 5 Oktober 1985 het 50 mense indie saal van die Montagu/Ashton-Gemeenskaosdiens bymekaargekom. Almal het te doen met die Lees- en-Skryfprojek : daar was 21 leerders en 15 groepleiers uit die dorp en wyk; La-La, Dawie en ander personeel en vriende van die MAG; en 5 mense van die Kaap wat die afge- lope maande gehelp het met die projek. Die leerders en groepleiers het die stories geskryf wat in hierdie boek verskyn.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
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