A comparison of depressed and non-depressed mothers' speech to two-month old infants in a South African peri-urban settlement
- Authors: Gulle, Gillian Julie
- Date: 2003
- Subjects: Postpartum depression Postpartum depression -- South Africa Mother and infant Mother and infant -- South Africa Speech perception in infants
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:3172 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007801
- Description: Research shows that maternal depression has adverse effects on mother-infant attachment and subsequent infant development (Cogill, Caplan, Alexandra, Robson & Kumar, 1986). The mechanisms through which this comes about are unclear. Murray & Cooper (1997) suggest an impaired pattern of mother-infant communication is responsible. Within this, Murray proposes that maternal speech may be a key factor. This study constitutes a preliminary exploration into the mechanisms through which maternal depression effects mother-infant interaction in South Africa. 147 predominantly Xhosa-speaking mother-infant dyads that took part in a broader epidemiological study on post-partum depression in Khayelitsha (Cooper, Tomlinson, Swartz, Woolgar, Murray & Molteno, 1999) made up the subjects. Maternal depression was assessed according to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSMIV (SCID). Maternal speech recorded from standard, five-minute, face-to -face mother-infant interactions was translated and analysed according to a coding system developed by Murray (Murray, Kempton, Woolgar & Hooper, 1993). The speech of depressed mothers to their two month old infants was compared to the speech of non-depressed mothers on dimensions of focus, affect and agency, and the role of infant gender was assessed. Results revealed no significant group differences for depression. Maternal speech to male infants was found to hold significantly less ascription of agency than to female infants. Findings suggest that maternal speech may be too narrow a marker of maternal depression in this context and that broader indices are needed. It is recommended that future research control for measures of social adversity, factor in cultural and language particularities, and consider contextual aspects of mother-infant interaction / attachment processes, in investigating the mechanisms through which post-partum depression leads to negative infant outcome in the developing world.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
- Authors: Gulle, Gillian Julie
- Date: 2003
- Subjects: Postpartum depression Postpartum depression -- South Africa Mother and infant Mother and infant -- South Africa Speech perception in infants
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:3172 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007801
- Description: Research shows that maternal depression has adverse effects on mother-infant attachment and subsequent infant development (Cogill, Caplan, Alexandra, Robson & Kumar, 1986). The mechanisms through which this comes about are unclear. Murray & Cooper (1997) suggest an impaired pattern of mother-infant communication is responsible. Within this, Murray proposes that maternal speech may be a key factor. This study constitutes a preliminary exploration into the mechanisms through which maternal depression effects mother-infant interaction in South Africa. 147 predominantly Xhosa-speaking mother-infant dyads that took part in a broader epidemiological study on post-partum depression in Khayelitsha (Cooper, Tomlinson, Swartz, Woolgar, Murray & Molteno, 1999) made up the subjects. Maternal depression was assessed according to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSMIV (SCID). Maternal speech recorded from standard, five-minute, face-to -face mother-infant interactions was translated and analysed according to a coding system developed by Murray (Murray, Kempton, Woolgar & Hooper, 1993). The speech of depressed mothers to their two month old infants was compared to the speech of non-depressed mothers on dimensions of focus, affect and agency, and the role of infant gender was assessed. Results revealed no significant group differences for depression. Maternal speech to male infants was found to hold significantly less ascription of agency than to female infants. Findings suggest that maternal speech may be too narrow a marker of maternal depression in this context and that broader indices are needed. It is recommended that future research control for measures of social adversity, factor in cultural and language particularities, and consider contextual aspects of mother-infant interaction / attachment processes, in investigating the mechanisms through which post-partum depression leads to negative infant outcome in the developing world.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
A theology of spiritual direction for the Presbyterian Church of Southern Africa
- Authors: Snyman, Kevin
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: Spiritual direction , Presbyterian Church of Southern Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTh
- Identifier: vital:1301 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016260
- Description: This essay is written in response to a lacuna that appears to exist within the Presbyterian Church of Southern Africa with regard to the ancient and highly regarded ministry of spiritual direction. My primary assertion is that, in the light of what might be perceived of as a crisis of relevance in Presbyterian life and spiritual practice, spiritual direction offers one particular way of fostering an exciting and existentially relevant spirituality for the denomination. Through the hoped-for renewal brought about by direction, Presbyterians may well have something to say to a South Africa racked not only with violence and poverty, but also bored by an increasingly irrelevant Christianity. The essay traces that history of spiritual direction most apposite to Presbyterianism in South Africa. This includes an overview of aspects of the Celtic and African spiritual traditions with a view to finding any correspondence that would help to narrow the distance between the spirituality of its black and white members. It then asks questions about the character and tasks of directors. Highlighted is the task of fostering an awareness of God that is not purely ''heavenly minded", but is able to speak into the real issues facing Presbyterians today. The essay goes on to explore the relationship that should exist between director and directee, focussing for a moment on the direction necessary in the directee's prayer life. The essay comes full circle as it considers the implications of introducing direction more widely in this largely "directionless" denomination. As a microcosm of the country, divergent cultures are as much a reality in the P.C.S.A. as in the rest of South Africa. So respect for uniqueness and the practice of interpathy are encouraged as part of the familiarisation process. Throughout the essay, I attempt to show that spiritual direction is a means of allowing the directee to more clearly discern the voice of the Spirit, who constantly encourages the transcendence of self - viz. the breaking of and dying to old perceptions, habits and beliefs so that s/he might more fully enter into the mystery that one usually refers to as God.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
- Authors: Snyman, Kevin
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: Spiritual direction , Presbyterian Church of Southern Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTh
- Identifier: vital:1301 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016260
- Description: This essay is written in response to a lacuna that appears to exist within the Presbyterian Church of Southern Africa with regard to the ancient and highly regarded ministry of spiritual direction. My primary assertion is that, in the light of what might be perceived of as a crisis of relevance in Presbyterian life and spiritual practice, spiritual direction offers one particular way of fostering an exciting and existentially relevant spirituality for the denomination. Through the hoped-for renewal brought about by direction, Presbyterians may well have something to say to a South Africa racked not only with violence and poverty, but also bored by an increasingly irrelevant Christianity. The essay traces that history of spiritual direction most apposite to Presbyterianism in South Africa. This includes an overview of aspects of the Celtic and African spiritual traditions with a view to finding any correspondence that would help to narrow the distance between the spirituality of its black and white members. It then asks questions about the character and tasks of directors. Highlighted is the task of fostering an awareness of God that is not purely ''heavenly minded", but is able to speak into the real issues facing Presbyterians today. The essay goes on to explore the relationship that should exist between director and directee, focussing for a moment on the direction necessary in the directee's prayer life. The essay comes full circle as it considers the implications of introducing direction more widely in this largely "directionless" denomination. As a microcosm of the country, divergent cultures are as much a reality in the P.C.S.A. as in the rest of South Africa. So respect for uniqueness and the practice of interpathy are encouraged as part of the familiarisation process. Throughout the essay, I attempt to show that spiritual direction is a means of allowing the directee to more clearly discern the voice of the Spirit, who constantly encourages the transcendence of self - viz. the breaking of and dying to old perceptions, habits and beliefs so that s/he might more fully enter into the mystery that one usually refers to as God.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
An evaluation of resistance to change of the East London industrial development zone (ELIDZ) structural realignment
- Authors: Moonieya, Vernon Craig
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Organizational change -- South Africa -- East London -- Case studies , Organizational behavior -- South Africa -- East London -- Case studies , Industrial development projects -- South Africa -- East London -- Case studies , Organizational change -- Management -- South Africa -- East London -- Case studies , Management -- Employee participation -- South Africa -- East London -- Case studies , Communication in management -- South Africa -- East London -- Case studies , Industrial management -- South Africa -- East London -- Case studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:834 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013303
- Description: From Integrative Summary: This research paper comprises of three sections that include: an evaluation report, a literature review and the research methodology. The first section assesses the management of resistance to change as encountered during the ELIDZ structural re-alignment initiative. The assessment was done after the change initiative had been implemented to see what could be learnt from the exercise, in order to be better prepared for future change programmes. The implemented change was initiated by the CEO of the ELIDZ but its criticality in terms of purpose, or the need for the change was unclear to many employees at the time of initiation. An examination of the literature on change management highlighted the importance of managing resistance to change as part of a change initiative, so as to ensure a successful transition. The review of the literature on management of resistance to change in section 2 of this paper examines the definition of management of resistance to change and in particular, covers key factors like change readiness, participation in change and change communication. These key concepts underpin effective management of resistance during change. The literature on management of resistance to change with respect to the role of change readiness, participation in change and change communication was used to develop a questionnaire that was used to assess the ELIDZ change initiative. The questionnaire was developed in a Likert Scale format with questions across the spectrum of change readiness, change participation and change communication. Section 3 of this paper describes how the quantitative research was provided to the population sample of employees from the ELIDZ where the questions on change readiness, change participation and change communication was used to assess the effectiveness of management of resistance to change during the ELIDZ change initiative. In addition section 3 provides an explanation of how the results of the research were derived. The results on change readiness suggest that the ELIDZ change initiative did not address change readiness adequately. There is therefore a risk of resistance to change that could manifest. This also indicates that change readiness must be planned more thoroughly in future change endeavours. Most of the population sampled did not feel that they participated in the change initiative, suggesting that the ELIDZ did not address participation in the change initiative adequately. Not enabling employees to actively participate in the change is tantamount to decreasing the potential for acceptance of change and increasing the risk of resistance to change. In order to ensure that future change initiatives are not met with employee resistance to change, the ELIDZ should plan for employee participation throughout the change process. The extent to which change communication was addressed in the ELIDZ change initiative was demonstrated by very poor results. The results from the population sampled suggest that the change was not well communicated to employees. As change communication is known to reduce the potential for resistance to change, it is imperative for the ELIDZ to plan for comprehensive communication strategies to cover the change process for future change action.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Moonieya, Vernon Craig
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Organizational change -- South Africa -- East London -- Case studies , Organizational behavior -- South Africa -- East London -- Case studies , Industrial development projects -- South Africa -- East London -- Case studies , Organizational change -- Management -- South Africa -- East London -- Case studies , Management -- Employee participation -- South Africa -- East London -- Case studies , Communication in management -- South Africa -- East London -- Case studies , Industrial management -- South Africa -- East London -- Case studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:834 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013303
- Description: From Integrative Summary: This research paper comprises of three sections that include: an evaluation report, a literature review and the research methodology. The first section assesses the management of resistance to change as encountered during the ELIDZ structural re-alignment initiative. The assessment was done after the change initiative had been implemented to see what could be learnt from the exercise, in order to be better prepared for future change programmes. The implemented change was initiated by the CEO of the ELIDZ but its criticality in terms of purpose, or the need for the change was unclear to many employees at the time of initiation. An examination of the literature on change management highlighted the importance of managing resistance to change as part of a change initiative, so as to ensure a successful transition. The review of the literature on management of resistance to change in section 2 of this paper examines the definition of management of resistance to change and in particular, covers key factors like change readiness, participation in change and change communication. These key concepts underpin effective management of resistance during change. The literature on management of resistance to change with respect to the role of change readiness, participation in change and change communication was used to develop a questionnaire that was used to assess the ELIDZ change initiative. The questionnaire was developed in a Likert Scale format with questions across the spectrum of change readiness, change participation and change communication. Section 3 of this paper describes how the quantitative research was provided to the population sample of employees from the ELIDZ where the questions on change readiness, change participation and change communication was used to assess the effectiveness of management of resistance to change during the ELIDZ change initiative. In addition section 3 provides an explanation of how the results of the research were derived. The results on change readiness suggest that the ELIDZ change initiative did not address change readiness adequately. There is therefore a risk of resistance to change that could manifest. This also indicates that change readiness must be planned more thoroughly in future change endeavours. Most of the population sampled did not feel that they participated in the change initiative, suggesting that the ELIDZ did not address participation in the change initiative adequately. Not enabling employees to actively participate in the change is tantamount to decreasing the potential for acceptance of change and increasing the risk of resistance to change. In order to ensure that future change initiatives are not met with employee resistance to change, the ELIDZ should plan for employee participation throughout the change process. The extent to which change communication was addressed in the ELIDZ change initiative was demonstrated by very poor results. The results from the population sampled suggest that the change was not well communicated to employees. As change communication is known to reduce the potential for resistance to change, it is imperative for the ELIDZ to plan for comprehensive communication strategies to cover the change process for future change action.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Aspects of brutality : anxious concepts in sculpture since 1950
- Authors: Lang, Graham Charles
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: Sculpture, Modern -- 20th century Violence in art
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2484 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012724
- Description: It would be wrong to suggest that this essay is in any way a comprehensive study of brutal sculpture. Certainly not. There have been many deliberate omissions for reasons which become clear in the text. Very briefly, omissions of certain sculptors and their work are largely due to my wish to avoid repetitive ideas and images. My view in this essay is to provide a cross-section of ideas and works, whereby the reader might gain some insight into the varied nature of this kind of sculpture. Thus, there seemed very little need for endless similarities of concept and expression. It was the diversity which I felt was important. The chapter which discusses concepts of beauty is also not a comprehensive study. This subject demands more than a humble essay to do it any justice. However, my reasons for touching the vague and controversial outline of these concepts were, primarily, to suggest that notions of beauty as the sole criterion in the judgement of art are too limiting, and, consequently, to introduce the concept of vitalism, which I believe is more valid. Finally, I wish to mention the personal motive behind this work. Over the years, I have witnessed the emergence of brutal elements in my own work, which I found disturbing at times. I have never been able to answer satisfactorily the criticism I've received. All I knew was that these things came from a very deep source. It is with this in mind that I embarked on this project, hoping to achieve two things. Firstly, to provide an objective survey of an important development in art, and, secondly , to answer some of my criticism. Foreword, p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
- Authors: Lang, Graham Charles
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: Sculpture, Modern -- 20th century Violence in art
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2484 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012724
- Description: It would be wrong to suggest that this essay is in any way a comprehensive study of brutal sculpture. Certainly not. There have been many deliberate omissions for reasons which become clear in the text. Very briefly, omissions of certain sculptors and their work are largely due to my wish to avoid repetitive ideas and images. My view in this essay is to provide a cross-section of ideas and works, whereby the reader might gain some insight into the varied nature of this kind of sculpture. Thus, there seemed very little need for endless similarities of concept and expression. It was the diversity which I felt was important. The chapter which discusses concepts of beauty is also not a comprehensive study. This subject demands more than a humble essay to do it any justice. However, my reasons for touching the vague and controversial outline of these concepts were, primarily, to suggest that notions of beauty as the sole criterion in the judgement of art are too limiting, and, consequently, to introduce the concept of vitalism, which I believe is more valid. Finally, I wish to mention the personal motive behind this work. Over the years, I have witnessed the emergence of brutal elements in my own work, which I found disturbing at times. I have never been able to answer satisfactorily the criticism I've received. All I knew was that these things came from a very deep source. It is with this in mind that I embarked on this project, hoping to achieve two things. Firstly, to provide an objective survey of an important development in art, and, secondly , to answer some of my criticism. Foreword, p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
Audit committee effectiveness in an Eastern Cape provincial department
- Authors: Koranteng, Isaac
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Audit committees -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4045 , vital:20507
- Description: The discussion on the extent to which audit committees perform the oversight function of financial governance is important. This is particularly so in the Eastern Cape where the implementation of the Public Finance Management Act (PFMA) of 1999 has not significantly improved financial management. The deteriorating financial management environment of provincial departments impacts negatively on service delivery and is therefore a matter of great concern to the political administrators at both national and provincial levels. The objective of this study is to determine how effective audit committees are in Eastern Cape provincial departments and how this translates into good financial governance and, ultimately, improved service delivery. To achieve this objective, a literature review of the link between audit committee effectiveness, accountability and corporate governance in the public sector was conducted. It was found that audit committees in the public sector have similar responsibilities to that of the private sector and lack of accountability in the public sector impacts negatively on service delivery. A second literature review was conducted to highlight the current state of public financial management in South Africa and how this has had an impact on financial management in Eastern Cape provincial departments. A qualitative research methodology was applied because the researcher is of the opinion that the research question asked is more interpretive than predictive. An interview survey was conducted in which senior management officials were selected from provincial departments and interviewed using semi-structured questions. The research study concluded, that provincial departments in the Eastern Cape have all established audit committees in line with the Public Finance Management Act (PFMA) National Treasury regulations. These committees are however ineffective. Ineffectiveness is as a result of, among other factors, lack of stability in accounting officer and chief financial officer positions. Secondly, senior management have not been made to account for the persistent negative audit outcomes in their departments. The research recommends that the political leadership of the province should ensure stability in leadership, particularly in the position of accounting officer and the chief financial officer.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Koranteng, Isaac
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Audit committees -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4045 , vital:20507
- Description: The discussion on the extent to which audit committees perform the oversight function of financial governance is important. This is particularly so in the Eastern Cape where the implementation of the Public Finance Management Act (PFMA) of 1999 has not significantly improved financial management. The deteriorating financial management environment of provincial departments impacts negatively on service delivery and is therefore a matter of great concern to the political administrators at both national and provincial levels. The objective of this study is to determine how effective audit committees are in Eastern Cape provincial departments and how this translates into good financial governance and, ultimately, improved service delivery. To achieve this objective, a literature review of the link between audit committee effectiveness, accountability and corporate governance in the public sector was conducted. It was found that audit committees in the public sector have similar responsibilities to that of the private sector and lack of accountability in the public sector impacts negatively on service delivery. A second literature review was conducted to highlight the current state of public financial management in South Africa and how this has had an impact on financial management in Eastern Cape provincial departments. A qualitative research methodology was applied because the researcher is of the opinion that the research question asked is more interpretive than predictive. An interview survey was conducted in which senior management officials were selected from provincial departments and interviewed using semi-structured questions. The research study concluded, that provincial departments in the Eastern Cape have all established audit committees in line with the Public Finance Management Act (PFMA) National Treasury regulations. These committees are however ineffective. Ineffectiveness is as a result of, among other factors, lack of stability in accounting officer and chief financial officer positions. Secondly, senior management have not been made to account for the persistent negative audit outcomes in their departments. The research recommends that the political leadership of the province should ensure stability in leadership, particularly in the position of accounting officer and the chief financial officer.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Beta decay of 100/400 Zr produced in neutron-induced fission of natural uranium
- Authors: Kamoto, Thokozani
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/3024 , vital:20353
- Description: Fission fragments, produced by neutron bombardment of natural uranium at the Physics Department, Jyväskylä, Finland, are studied in this work. The data had been sorted into 25 Y — y coincidence matrices which were then analysed. In this work we aimed to identify the fission products using Y-Y coincidence analysis and then study the beta-decay of some of the fission products. Sixteen fission products ranging from A = 94 to A = 136 were identified. Out of these fission products beta decay of the A = 100 (100/40 Zr – 100/41 Nb – 100/42 Mo) chain was studied in greater detail. We have also studied the variation of the relative intensities as a function of time of the 159-, 528-, 600-, 768-, 928- and 1502-keV Y-rav lines in 100/42 Mo and the profiles of the relative intensities have been modelled with the variation of the activity of 100/41 Nb against time. Configuration assignments of 100 Zr and 100/42 Mo are discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Kamoto, Thokozani
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/3024 , vital:20353
- Description: Fission fragments, produced by neutron bombardment of natural uranium at the Physics Department, Jyväskylä, Finland, are studied in this work. The data had been sorted into 25 Y — y coincidence matrices which were then analysed. In this work we aimed to identify the fission products using Y-Y coincidence analysis and then study the beta-decay of some of the fission products. Sixteen fission products ranging from A = 94 to A = 136 were identified. Out of these fission products beta decay of the A = 100 (100/40 Zr – 100/41 Nb – 100/42 Mo) chain was studied in greater detail. We have also studied the variation of the relative intensities as a function of time of the 159-, 528-, 600-, 768-, 928- and 1502-keV Y-rav lines in 100/42 Mo and the profiles of the relative intensities have been modelled with the variation of the activity of 100/41 Nb against time. Configuration assignments of 100 Zr and 100/42 Mo are discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Challenges faced by the Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Local Government integrated development planning unit in supporting municipalities to deliver credible integrated development plans, using Sundays River Valley Municipality as a case study
- Authors: Salman, Lindile Andrew
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: City planning -- South Africa -- Sundays River Valley , Community development -- South Africa -- Sundays River Valley -- Management , Civic improvement -- South Africa -- Sundays River Valley , Local government -- South Africa -- Sundays River Valley
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:8917 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021092
- Description: This Research was undertaken to explore the challenges faced by the Eastern Cape Department of Local Government and Traditional Affairs Integrated Development Planning Unit to support municipalities to deliver credible Integrated Development Plans (IDPs), using Sunday’s River Valley Municipality as a case study. The legal obligation of the Department of Local Government is to support Municipalities to able them to perform their function and execute the duties allocated to them. This mandate originates from the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, Act 108 of 1996. The Provincial Department of Local Government Integrated Development Unit is therefore obliged to support and guide municipalities in the development of IDPs by mobilizing and coordinating sector departments to participate in IDP processes, and to identify and allocate funds for projects. It is suggested that the DLGTA IDP Unit is not doing enough to support municipalities so as to deliver credible IDPs, hence the wide-spread violent service delivery protests. The study aimed at establishing whether there is a direct link between the efforts or not of DLGTA to help the municipality to develop a credible IDP and service delivery protests. The IDP may be credible, but the implementation may be flawed, or funding does not flow as expected, or the people on the ground may not understand that it may take years to deliver services. The study targeted senior managers of coordinating Departments, the Sunday’s River Valley Municipality (SRVM) and IDP Managers of SRVM and the Cacadu District Municipality (CDM). The study discovered that sector departments do not participate meaningfully in IDP processes mainly because: (1) SRVM does not extend invitations to all sector departments to attend IDP meetings; (2) There is no legal obligation to participate at local level; (3) There appears to be no commitment shown by senior managers of SRVM on IDP Processes. The DLGTA IDP Unit efforts to assist SRVM to deliver credible IDPs cannot be deemed successful, because the SRVM IDP continued to receive medium rating score for four years in succession. The DLGTA IDP Unit never paid attention to the issues cited above as the cause of stagnation of SRVM IDP. The DLGTA IDP Unit was not aware that the issues cited above were the cause for the poor SRVM IDP until the researcher brought it to their attention. It is therefore recommended that the culture of participation in the IDP processes by top management of both SRVM and DLGTA should be included in the performance contracts of top management officials. It is also recommended that the Inter Governmental Relations (IGR) Framework Act be reviewed to recognize IGR IDP Structures at local level such as IDP Representative Forums. The Act currently is silent on those structures at local level.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Salman, Lindile Andrew
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: City planning -- South Africa -- Sundays River Valley , Community development -- South Africa -- Sundays River Valley -- Management , Civic improvement -- South Africa -- Sundays River Valley , Local government -- South Africa -- Sundays River Valley
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:8917 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021092
- Description: This Research was undertaken to explore the challenges faced by the Eastern Cape Department of Local Government and Traditional Affairs Integrated Development Planning Unit to support municipalities to deliver credible Integrated Development Plans (IDPs), using Sunday’s River Valley Municipality as a case study. The legal obligation of the Department of Local Government is to support Municipalities to able them to perform their function and execute the duties allocated to them. This mandate originates from the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, Act 108 of 1996. The Provincial Department of Local Government Integrated Development Unit is therefore obliged to support and guide municipalities in the development of IDPs by mobilizing and coordinating sector departments to participate in IDP processes, and to identify and allocate funds for projects. It is suggested that the DLGTA IDP Unit is not doing enough to support municipalities so as to deliver credible IDPs, hence the wide-spread violent service delivery protests. The study aimed at establishing whether there is a direct link between the efforts or not of DLGTA to help the municipality to develop a credible IDP and service delivery protests. The IDP may be credible, but the implementation may be flawed, or funding does not flow as expected, or the people on the ground may not understand that it may take years to deliver services. The study targeted senior managers of coordinating Departments, the Sunday’s River Valley Municipality (SRVM) and IDP Managers of SRVM and the Cacadu District Municipality (CDM). The study discovered that sector departments do not participate meaningfully in IDP processes mainly because: (1) SRVM does not extend invitations to all sector departments to attend IDP meetings; (2) There is no legal obligation to participate at local level; (3) There appears to be no commitment shown by senior managers of SRVM on IDP Processes. The DLGTA IDP Unit efforts to assist SRVM to deliver credible IDPs cannot be deemed successful, because the SRVM IDP continued to receive medium rating score for four years in succession. The DLGTA IDP Unit never paid attention to the issues cited above as the cause of stagnation of SRVM IDP. The DLGTA IDP Unit was not aware that the issues cited above were the cause for the poor SRVM IDP until the researcher brought it to their attention. It is therefore recommended that the culture of participation in the IDP processes by top management of both SRVM and DLGTA should be included in the performance contracts of top management officials. It is also recommended that the Inter Governmental Relations (IGR) Framework Act be reviewed to recognize IGR IDP Structures at local level such as IDP Representative Forums. The Act currently is silent on those structures at local level.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Determinants of participation in beekeeping and its contribution to rural household income: the case of O. R. Tambo Municipality, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Authors: Ncetani, Nelisiwe
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Beekeepers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Sustainable living -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Home economics, Rural -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/1486 , vital:27299
- Description: This dissertation explores determinants and perceptions to participation in beekeeping by households’ as well as its contribution to household income. This is in a context that smallholder farmers’ participation is reported to be very low, despite several claimed benefits of beekeeping. Moreover, despite receiving substantial endorsements as a resilient climate-smart rural livelihood, off-farm, forest, non-timber diversification strategy; the uptake of beekeeping by smallholder farmers in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa still remains very low. Against this background, this study used cross-sectional survey data to gauge smallholder farmers’ perceptions and factors that influence their participation in beekeeping using a binary regression model; further, it measured the contribution of beekeeping to rural household income using a linear regression model. Descriptive statistics revealed that majority of the people from the study area have positive perceptions regarding beekeeping. Regression estimates further indicate that beekeeping is mostly conditioned by shared perceptions, institutional and socio-economic factors that are worth targeting to promote the uptake of beekeeping as a livelihood. Public policies that influence the institutional framework (extension, credit and market) in favour of beekeeping are more likely to promote participation in beekeeping activities. Also, more research on the documentation and benefits of beekeeping supported by investments targeting educational campaigns towards promoting positive attitudes and dispelling fears and myths surrounding beekeeping as an enterprise, will also promote the participation of smallholder farmers in beekeeping. Regression estimates for determinants of household income revealed a significant positive contribution of beekeeping to household income, education, gender and age. Promotion of beekeeping may therefore address household income that is worth targeting to address rural poverty. The study therefore concludes that to fully unlock the income potential of beekeeping for smallholder farmers, development agencies need to address several negative perceptions and institutional factors that affect beekeeping participation, while more research is required to quantify the claimed benefits of beekeeping, given their positive potential to promote farmers’ interests in beekeeping.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Ncetani, Nelisiwe
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Beekeepers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Sustainable living -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Home economics, Rural -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/1486 , vital:27299
- Description: This dissertation explores determinants and perceptions to participation in beekeeping by households’ as well as its contribution to household income. This is in a context that smallholder farmers’ participation is reported to be very low, despite several claimed benefits of beekeeping. Moreover, despite receiving substantial endorsements as a resilient climate-smart rural livelihood, off-farm, forest, non-timber diversification strategy; the uptake of beekeeping by smallholder farmers in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa still remains very low. Against this background, this study used cross-sectional survey data to gauge smallholder farmers’ perceptions and factors that influence their participation in beekeeping using a binary regression model; further, it measured the contribution of beekeeping to rural household income using a linear regression model. Descriptive statistics revealed that majority of the people from the study area have positive perceptions regarding beekeeping. Regression estimates further indicate that beekeeping is mostly conditioned by shared perceptions, institutional and socio-economic factors that are worth targeting to promote the uptake of beekeeping as a livelihood. Public policies that influence the institutional framework (extension, credit and market) in favour of beekeeping are more likely to promote participation in beekeeping activities. Also, more research on the documentation and benefits of beekeeping supported by investments targeting educational campaigns towards promoting positive attitudes and dispelling fears and myths surrounding beekeeping as an enterprise, will also promote the participation of smallholder farmers in beekeeping. Regression estimates for determinants of household income revealed a significant positive contribution of beekeeping to household income, education, gender and age. Promotion of beekeeping may therefore address household income that is worth targeting to address rural poverty. The study therefore concludes that to fully unlock the income potential of beekeeping for smallholder farmers, development agencies need to address several negative perceptions and institutional factors that affect beekeeping participation, while more research is required to quantify the claimed benefits of beekeeping, given their positive potential to promote farmers’ interests in beekeeping.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Developing a Machine Learning Algorithm for Outdoor Scene Image Segmentation
- Authors: Zangwa, Yamkela
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Computational intelligence Computer science
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Computer Science )
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12087 , vital:39150
- Description: Image segmentation is one of the major problems in image processing, computer vision and machine learning fields. The main reason for image segmentation existence is to reduce the gap between computer vision and human vision by training computers with different data. Outdoor image segmentation and classification has become very important in the field of computer vision with its applications in woodland-surveillance, defence and security. The task of assigning an input image to one class from a fixed set of categories seem to be a major problem in image segmentation. The main question that has been addressed in this research is how outdoor image classification algorithms can be improved using Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (R-CNN) architecture. There has been no one segmentation method that works best on any given problem. To determine the best segmentation method for a certain dataset, various tests have to be done in order to achieve the best performance. However deep learning models have often achieved increasing success due to the availability of massive datasets and the expanding model depth and parameterisation. In this research Convolutional Neural Network architecture is used in trying to improve the implementation of outdoor scene image segmentation algorithms, empirical research method was used to answer questions about existing image segmentation algorithms and the techniques used to achieve the best performance. Outdoor scene images were trained on a pre-trained region-based convolutional neural network with Visual Geometric Group-16 (VGG-16) architecture. A pre-trained R-CNN model was retrained on five different sample data, the samples had different sizes. Sample size increased from sample one to five, to increase the size on the last two samples the data was duplicated. 21 test images were used to evaluate all the models. Researchers has shown that deep learning methods perform better in image segmentation because of the increase and availability of datasets. The duplication of images did not yield the best results; however, the model performed well on the first three samples.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Zangwa, Yamkela
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Computational intelligence Computer science
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Computer Science )
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12087 , vital:39150
- Description: Image segmentation is one of the major problems in image processing, computer vision and machine learning fields. The main reason for image segmentation existence is to reduce the gap between computer vision and human vision by training computers with different data. Outdoor image segmentation and classification has become very important in the field of computer vision with its applications in woodland-surveillance, defence and security. The task of assigning an input image to one class from a fixed set of categories seem to be a major problem in image segmentation. The main question that has been addressed in this research is how outdoor image classification algorithms can be improved using Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (R-CNN) architecture. There has been no one segmentation method that works best on any given problem. To determine the best segmentation method for a certain dataset, various tests have to be done in order to achieve the best performance. However deep learning models have often achieved increasing success due to the availability of massive datasets and the expanding model depth and parameterisation. In this research Convolutional Neural Network architecture is used in trying to improve the implementation of outdoor scene image segmentation algorithms, empirical research method was used to answer questions about existing image segmentation algorithms and the techniques used to achieve the best performance. Outdoor scene images were trained on a pre-trained region-based convolutional neural network with Visual Geometric Group-16 (VGG-16) architecture. A pre-trained R-CNN model was retrained on five different sample data, the samples had different sizes. Sample size increased from sample one to five, to increase the size on the last two samples the data was duplicated. 21 test images were used to evaluate all the models. Researchers has shown that deep learning methods perform better in image segmentation because of the increase and availability of datasets. The duplication of images did not yield the best results; however, the model performed well on the first three samples.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Diversity and distribution of lepidopteran stem borers and their wild host plants in Western Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces, South Africa
- Authors: Kokwana, Bongiwe
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Stem borers--South Africa Pests--South Africa Grain--Diseases--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Entomology
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11729 , vital:39101
- Description: Lepidopteran stem borers are infamous among cereal crops and sugarcane growers because of their pests status in these crops. Lepidopteran stem borers often infest cereal crops such as maize (Zea mays L.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.), pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.), sugarcane (Saccharum spp.). However, in natural habitats, the stem borers feed on a wide variety of wild host plants species in the Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Typhaceae families. Some wild host plants in close approximation of cultivated fields act as reservoirs for stem borers during the absence of cultivated crops. Understanding of the diversity of the stem borers, their host plants and their interactions was very important in development of management strategies for the stem borer populations. For an example, grasses such as Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.) and Sudan grass(Sorghum vulgare var. Sudanense (Piper) Hitchc.) act as trap plants whereas other grasses such as Molasses grass (Melinis minutiflora P. Beauv.) and legume silverleaf (Desmodium uncinatum (Jacq.) DC.) act as repellents to stem borer moths. In South Africa, studies on the diversity and distribution of lepidopteran stem borers in wild habitats are limited. Previous studies concentrated on diversity, abundance, and distribution of stem borers and their natural enemies on cultivated crops because of the economic importance of cultivated crops. In view of the foregoing, this study was conducted to investigate the diversity and distribution of lepidopteran stem borers and their host plants in wild habitats in the Western Cape and KwaZulu-Natal Provinces of South Africa and to generate mtDNA COI sequences of the stem borer species in natural habitats. These sequences can be accessed in databases and assist in identification of previously unknown stem borers in cultivated crops. Therefore this study contributes to development of monitoring and early identification tool of the stem borer movements between host plants assemblages. Surveys were conducted in Western Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces, South Africa during the rainy season of 2014 and 2015 in 38 localities to catalogue the diversity of lepidopteran stem borers in wild host plants. The sites visited belonged to five vegetation types: grassland, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, savanna, forest, and wetlands. A total of 237 lepidopteran stem borers was collected during study yielding 21 species that belonged to Noctuidae (Acrapex sp. 89, Acrapex sp. 90, Acrapex sp. 92, Acrapex sp., Acrapex minima, New genus NG11), Sesamia calamistis Hampson, Sesamia sp., Sesamia natalensis Le rü sp. nov., Sesamia nov sp. 4, Sesamia nov sp.36, Conicofrontia bipartita Hampson, Conicofrontia sesamoides Hampson, Conicofrontia diamensa Hampson, Pirateolea piscator Fletcher , Sciomesa mesophaea Aurivillius), Crambidae(Chilo partellus Swinhoe and Calamotropha paludella Hibner) Pyralidae (Phycitiinae sp. 1 and Phycitiinae sp. 2) and Tortricidae were recorded from 20 wild host plant species. Stem borer wild host plants species were Cymbopogon dieterlenii Stapf ex Schweick.,Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle, Cymbopogon pospischilii (K. Schum.) C.E. Hubb., Digitaria macroglossa Henrad, Eriochloa meyeriana (Nees) Pilg.,Eriochloa fatmensis (Hochst. &Steud.) Clayton, Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch., Miscanthus capensis (Nees) Andersson, Paspalum urvillei Steud., Panicum maximumJacq., Pennisetum purpureum Schumach., Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. Ex Steud.,Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton, Setaria homonyma (Steud.) Chiov.,Sorghum arundinaceum (Desv.) Stapf.,Cyperus divesDelile, Cyperu sdistans Pursh, Cyperus fastigiatus Rottb., Cyperus sexangularis Nees and Typha latifolia (L.).The diversity of stem borer species varied among vegetation types, host plants, and altitude. Morphological identification of specimens from these surveys indicated a high diversity of stem borer species in the Noctuidae family, followed by Pyralidae, Crambidae, and Tortricidae respectively. Of all the stem borers collected in the two provinces, noctuid species were most abundant in all vegetation types from low to high altitudes representing 62.45percent, whereas pyralids, crambids, and tortricids made up 26.58percent, 9.28percent, and 1.69percent respectively. The diversity and distribution of stem borers were affected by latitude. KwaZulu-Natal had higher latitudes ranging between -28.37717˚ and -31.07800˚ and had higher diversity, distribution and the of stem borers host plants, while Western Cape Province had lower diversity and distribution at latitudes ranging between -34.00280˚ and -34.05343˚. Morphological identification of stem borers was complemented with the mtDNA cytochrome oxidase I gene (COI) to investigate evolutionary relationships between the stem borer species collected in this study. Of the 12 sequences searched from the databases and the Genebank only five sequences were identified to species level; UFH024 was identified as Sciomesa mesophaea, the other four were identified as Conicofrontia sesamoides, Conicofrontia bipartita; and the first ever record of Calamotropha paludella in South Africa and Pirateolea piscator. Five sequences; UFH026, UFH028, UFH029, UFH030, UFH032 were only identified to order.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Kokwana, Bongiwe
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Stem borers--South Africa Pests--South Africa Grain--Diseases--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Entomology
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11729 , vital:39101
- Description: Lepidopteran stem borers are infamous among cereal crops and sugarcane growers because of their pests status in these crops. Lepidopteran stem borers often infest cereal crops such as maize (Zea mays L.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.), pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.), sugarcane (Saccharum spp.). However, in natural habitats, the stem borers feed on a wide variety of wild host plants species in the Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Typhaceae families. Some wild host plants in close approximation of cultivated fields act as reservoirs for stem borers during the absence of cultivated crops. Understanding of the diversity of the stem borers, their host plants and their interactions was very important in development of management strategies for the stem borer populations. For an example, grasses such as Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.) and Sudan grass(Sorghum vulgare var. Sudanense (Piper) Hitchc.) act as trap plants whereas other grasses such as Molasses grass (Melinis minutiflora P. Beauv.) and legume silverleaf (Desmodium uncinatum (Jacq.) DC.) act as repellents to stem borer moths. In South Africa, studies on the diversity and distribution of lepidopteran stem borers in wild habitats are limited. Previous studies concentrated on diversity, abundance, and distribution of stem borers and their natural enemies on cultivated crops because of the economic importance of cultivated crops. In view of the foregoing, this study was conducted to investigate the diversity and distribution of lepidopteran stem borers and their host plants in wild habitats in the Western Cape and KwaZulu-Natal Provinces of South Africa and to generate mtDNA COI sequences of the stem borer species in natural habitats. These sequences can be accessed in databases and assist in identification of previously unknown stem borers in cultivated crops. Therefore this study contributes to development of monitoring and early identification tool of the stem borer movements between host plants assemblages. Surveys were conducted in Western Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces, South Africa during the rainy season of 2014 and 2015 in 38 localities to catalogue the diversity of lepidopteran stem borers in wild host plants. The sites visited belonged to five vegetation types: grassland, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, savanna, forest, and wetlands. A total of 237 lepidopteran stem borers was collected during study yielding 21 species that belonged to Noctuidae (Acrapex sp. 89, Acrapex sp. 90, Acrapex sp. 92, Acrapex sp., Acrapex minima, New genus NG11), Sesamia calamistis Hampson, Sesamia sp., Sesamia natalensis Le rü sp. nov., Sesamia nov sp. 4, Sesamia nov sp.36, Conicofrontia bipartita Hampson, Conicofrontia sesamoides Hampson, Conicofrontia diamensa Hampson, Pirateolea piscator Fletcher , Sciomesa mesophaea Aurivillius), Crambidae(Chilo partellus Swinhoe and Calamotropha paludella Hibner) Pyralidae (Phycitiinae sp. 1 and Phycitiinae sp. 2) and Tortricidae were recorded from 20 wild host plant species. Stem borer wild host plants species were Cymbopogon dieterlenii Stapf ex Schweick.,Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle, Cymbopogon pospischilii (K. Schum.) C.E. Hubb., Digitaria macroglossa Henrad, Eriochloa meyeriana (Nees) Pilg.,Eriochloa fatmensis (Hochst. &Steud.) Clayton, Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch., Miscanthus capensis (Nees) Andersson, Paspalum urvillei Steud., Panicum maximumJacq., Pennisetum purpureum Schumach., Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. Ex Steud.,Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton, Setaria homonyma (Steud.) Chiov.,Sorghum arundinaceum (Desv.) Stapf.,Cyperus divesDelile, Cyperu sdistans Pursh, Cyperus fastigiatus Rottb., Cyperus sexangularis Nees and Typha latifolia (L.).The diversity of stem borer species varied among vegetation types, host plants, and altitude. Morphological identification of specimens from these surveys indicated a high diversity of stem borer species in the Noctuidae family, followed by Pyralidae, Crambidae, and Tortricidae respectively. Of all the stem borers collected in the two provinces, noctuid species were most abundant in all vegetation types from low to high altitudes representing 62.45percent, whereas pyralids, crambids, and tortricids made up 26.58percent, 9.28percent, and 1.69percent respectively. The diversity and distribution of stem borers were affected by latitude. KwaZulu-Natal had higher latitudes ranging between -28.37717˚ and -31.07800˚ and had higher diversity, distribution and the of stem borers host plants, while Western Cape Province had lower diversity and distribution at latitudes ranging between -34.00280˚ and -34.05343˚. Morphological identification of stem borers was complemented with the mtDNA cytochrome oxidase I gene (COI) to investigate evolutionary relationships between the stem borer species collected in this study. Of the 12 sequences searched from the databases and the Genebank only five sequences were identified to species level; UFH024 was identified as Sciomesa mesophaea, the other four were identified as Conicofrontia sesamoides, Conicofrontia bipartita; and the first ever record of Calamotropha paludella in South Africa and Pirateolea piscator. Five sequences; UFH026, UFH028, UFH029, UFH030, UFH032 were only identified to order.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Effects of discrimination on promotion of women into top managerial positions in the Eastern Cape
- Yona, Noxolo Nondwe Trewhellah
- Authors: Yona, Noxolo Nondwe Trewhellah
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Sex discrimination against women , Businesswomen
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10902 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57 , Sex discrimination against women , Businesswomen
- Description: The effects of discrimination on promotion of women into top managerial positions is investigated in this study. In order to investigate these effects, the use of a questionnaire for survey was developed. The questionnaire consisted of thirty-one statements in which a response to each question contributed towards the results of this study. The literature study was used as an eye opener to the South African situation with comparison to other countries. The purpose of the empirical study was to determine the effects of discrimination especially in the Eastern Cape. The answers of the respondents were analysed and interpreted with relation to the findings from the literature study. Concluding remarks are provided which could assist firms in the private sector when faced with the challenge of the advancement of women and the implementation of the Labour policies which endorse the equal opportunity programme.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Yona, Noxolo Nondwe Trewhellah
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Sex discrimination against women , Businesswomen
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10902 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57 , Sex discrimination against women , Businesswomen
- Description: The effects of discrimination on promotion of women into top managerial positions is investigated in this study. In order to investigate these effects, the use of a questionnaire for survey was developed. The questionnaire consisted of thirty-one statements in which a response to each question contributed towards the results of this study. The literature study was used as an eye opener to the South African situation with comparison to other countries. The purpose of the empirical study was to determine the effects of discrimination especially in the Eastern Cape. The answers of the respondents were analysed and interpreted with relation to the findings from the literature study. Concluding remarks are provided which could assist firms in the private sector when faced with the challenge of the advancement of women and the implementation of the Labour policies which endorse the equal opportunity programme.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
experiences of female sex workers in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Gcina, Boniswa Letticia
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Prostitutes
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPH
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16730 , vital:40768
- Description: The phenomenon of female sex workers in South Africa is yet to be understood from both the cultural and legal perspectives. This gap leads to various challenges experienced by female sex workers in the country. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of female sex workers in Buffalo City Metropolitan, Eastern Cape Province. A descriptive phenomenological design was used to gain in-depth understanding and knowledge on the experiences of female sex workers’ in reality and social context. The study targeted female sex workers aged between 18-49 years for interviews. Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit female sex workers and four focus groups of five members in each group were interviewed to collect data. Due to the sensitivity of the research topic, ethical approvals were sought and granted by University of Fort Hare Research Ethics Committee and the Eastern Cape Department of Health. Further, informed consent was obtained from study participants before data collection begun. Data analysis was done by using Tesch’ method steps. The findings indicated that in Buffalo City Metropolitan the female sex workers were experiencing human rights violation, stigma and discrimination, they were at risk of contracting HIV due to the nature of their work, and they were at risk of being in conflict with the law due to the nature of sex work in South Africa. The study recommends on the decriminalization of sex work in order to decrease rate of violence, rape and exploitation of female sex workers; the closure of all Illegal brothels as they promote drugs and substance abuse among this vulnerable group; and provision of counselling sessions for female sex workers by the Department of Social Welfare. The study concludes that peer educators training and embarking on campaigns in the community, media and social networks to promote ‘Anti-violence against sex workers’ is necessary. Therefore, the female sex workers need to be protected by police from any form of abuse and violence by the community, clients and pimps. This can address the psychological stress displayed by female sex workers in the studydomain
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Gcina, Boniswa Letticia
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Prostitutes
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPH
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16730 , vital:40768
- Description: The phenomenon of female sex workers in South Africa is yet to be understood from both the cultural and legal perspectives. This gap leads to various challenges experienced by female sex workers in the country. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of female sex workers in Buffalo City Metropolitan, Eastern Cape Province. A descriptive phenomenological design was used to gain in-depth understanding and knowledge on the experiences of female sex workers’ in reality and social context. The study targeted female sex workers aged between 18-49 years for interviews. Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit female sex workers and four focus groups of five members in each group were interviewed to collect data. Due to the sensitivity of the research topic, ethical approvals were sought and granted by University of Fort Hare Research Ethics Committee and the Eastern Cape Department of Health. Further, informed consent was obtained from study participants before data collection begun. Data analysis was done by using Tesch’ method steps. The findings indicated that in Buffalo City Metropolitan the female sex workers were experiencing human rights violation, stigma and discrimination, they were at risk of contracting HIV due to the nature of their work, and they were at risk of being in conflict with the law due to the nature of sex work in South Africa. The study recommends on the decriminalization of sex work in order to decrease rate of violence, rape and exploitation of female sex workers; the closure of all Illegal brothels as they promote drugs and substance abuse among this vulnerable group; and provision of counselling sessions for female sex workers by the Department of Social Welfare. The study concludes that peer educators training and embarking on campaigns in the community, media and social networks to promote ‘Anti-violence against sex workers’ is necessary. Therefore, the female sex workers need to be protected by police from any form of abuse and violence by the community, clients and pimps. This can address the psychological stress displayed by female sex workers in the studydomain
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Factors affecting experiential learning for midwifery students at the public college of nursing in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Pama, Nomzekelo
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Midwifery -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Midwives -- Training of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Nursing -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/4524 , vital:28375
- Description: In nursing education, experiential learning is an important part of the curriculum and accounts for almost half of the requirements for the nursing programmes. A positive relationship with and collaboration between the training institutions and clinical placement facilities are vital for student achievement. Nurse educators are also expected to involve themselves in clinical accompaniment to bridge the theory-practice gap. Student nurses placed in midwifery clinical learning environments experience difficulty in meeting their experiential learning outcomes and programme requirements. Due to the overcrowded clinical facilities, they compete for the limited learning opportunities and resources which make the integration of theory and practice difficult. Therefore, this leads to delay in the commencement of community service by some of the nursing students as they do not graduate because of not achieving midwifery clinical outcomes and programme requirements. The purpose of the study is to assess factors affecting experiential learning for midwifery students at the public college of nursing in the Eastern Cape and the main objectives of the study were to: • Identify the challenges affecting the quality of learning in the clinical learning environment. • Determine the nature of supervision for experiential learning of midwifery students. • Determine the role of a nurse educator in the experiential learning of student nurses in midwifery clinical learning environment. Methods and analysis A quantitative, descriptive survey was conducted by making use of the Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision and Nurse Teacher (CLES+T) evaluation scale. The CLES+T is a reliable and valid evaluation scale for the gathering of information on the clinical learning environment and supervision of student nurses. The CLES+T evaluation scale was completed by 115 student nurses within the selected sites. The CLES+T evaluation scale is subdivided into three main sections with additional sub-sections: (1) the learning environment (2) the supervisory relationship and (3) the role of the nurse teacher (lecturer).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Pama, Nomzekelo
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Midwifery -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Midwives -- Training of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Nursing -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/4524 , vital:28375
- Description: In nursing education, experiential learning is an important part of the curriculum and accounts for almost half of the requirements for the nursing programmes. A positive relationship with and collaboration between the training institutions and clinical placement facilities are vital for student achievement. Nurse educators are also expected to involve themselves in clinical accompaniment to bridge the theory-practice gap. Student nurses placed in midwifery clinical learning environments experience difficulty in meeting their experiential learning outcomes and programme requirements. Due to the overcrowded clinical facilities, they compete for the limited learning opportunities and resources which make the integration of theory and practice difficult. Therefore, this leads to delay in the commencement of community service by some of the nursing students as they do not graduate because of not achieving midwifery clinical outcomes and programme requirements. The purpose of the study is to assess factors affecting experiential learning for midwifery students at the public college of nursing in the Eastern Cape and the main objectives of the study were to: • Identify the challenges affecting the quality of learning in the clinical learning environment. • Determine the nature of supervision for experiential learning of midwifery students. • Determine the role of a nurse educator in the experiential learning of student nurses in midwifery clinical learning environment. Methods and analysis A quantitative, descriptive survey was conducted by making use of the Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision and Nurse Teacher (CLES+T) evaluation scale. The CLES+T is a reliable and valid evaluation scale for the gathering of information on the clinical learning environment and supervision of student nurses. The CLES+T evaluation scale was completed by 115 student nurses within the selected sites. The CLES+T evaluation scale is subdivided into three main sections with additional sub-sections: (1) the learning environment (2) the supervisory relationship and (3) the role of the nurse teacher (lecturer).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Factors influencing adherence to folic acid and ferrous sulphate nutritional supplement intake among pregnant teenagers in Buffalo City Municipality, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Kalipa, Zamazizi
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Pregnancy -- Nutritional aspects Pregnant women -- Attitudes Folic acid -- Pregnant women
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Nursing
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10017 , vital:35286
- Description: Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors influencing folic acid/ferrous sulphate nutritional supplement intake among pregnant teenagers in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM), Eastern Cape in South Africa.Methodology: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study involving 300 purposively selected pregnant teenagers aged between 13 to 19 years, who were attending antennal clinic in BCMM. A self-designed questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: The majority (97.0 percent) of the respondents obtained their supplements from the clinic; took other medications (87.2 percent); the respondents regularly used nutritional supplements (71.7 percent); agreed that folic acid and ferrous sulphate were important for pregnancy outcomes (96 percent); should be taken before pregnancy and after birth (68.2 percent); and nurses had explained the possible pregnancy complications (71.7 percent). About 84.1 percent agreed that the medication containers were clearly labelled; and nurses had explained the side effects of folic acid/ ferrous folate (60.7 percent), and the likely action in case side effects occurred (56 percent). The majority of the participants also agreed that folic acid and ferrous sulphate are good for the unborn baby (88 percent); and are harmless to the unborn baby (75.3 percent). The majority (49.2 percent) of the participants did not consume dark leafy vegetables, cabbage (35.0 percent), liver (47.1 percent), beef/lamb (42.0 percent), fish (43.3 percent) and beans/legumes (36.4 percent). Participants indicated that folic acid and ferrous sulphate made them feel nauseous, inclined to vomit and also caused stomach pain.Conclusion: The majority of pregnant teenagers received their nutritional supplements from the health facilities over the counter. The study indicated that nausea, vomiting, forgetting to take the supplements due to busy schedules, non-availability of folic acid and ferrous sulphate in health facilities were the major reasons influencing the intake of folic acid and ferrous sulphate by pregnant teenagers. Also, there is low consumption of iron and folate rich foods by pregnant teenagers in this setting. Health practitioners including doctors, nurses and community health care workers needed to improve health education by including information on nutritional supplements and the importance an use of folic acid and ferrous sulphate during pregnancy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Kalipa, Zamazizi
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Pregnancy -- Nutritional aspects Pregnant women -- Attitudes Folic acid -- Pregnant women
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Nursing
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10017 , vital:35286
- Description: Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors influencing folic acid/ferrous sulphate nutritional supplement intake among pregnant teenagers in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM), Eastern Cape in South Africa.Methodology: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study involving 300 purposively selected pregnant teenagers aged between 13 to 19 years, who were attending antennal clinic in BCMM. A self-designed questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: The majority (97.0 percent) of the respondents obtained their supplements from the clinic; took other medications (87.2 percent); the respondents regularly used nutritional supplements (71.7 percent); agreed that folic acid and ferrous sulphate were important for pregnancy outcomes (96 percent); should be taken before pregnancy and after birth (68.2 percent); and nurses had explained the possible pregnancy complications (71.7 percent). About 84.1 percent agreed that the medication containers were clearly labelled; and nurses had explained the side effects of folic acid/ ferrous folate (60.7 percent), and the likely action in case side effects occurred (56 percent). The majority of the participants also agreed that folic acid and ferrous sulphate are good for the unborn baby (88 percent); and are harmless to the unborn baby (75.3 percent). The majority (49.2 percent) of the participants did not consume dark leafy vegetables, cabbage (35.0 percent), liver (47.1 percent), beef/lamb (42.0 percent), fish (43.3 percent) and beans/legumes (36.4 percent). Participants indicated that folic acid and ferrous sulphate made them feel nauseous, inclined to vomit and also caused stomach pain.Conclusion: The majority of pregnant teenagers received their nutritional supplements from the health facilities over the counter. The study indicated that nausea, vomiting, forgetting to take the supplements due to busy schedules, non-availability of folic acid and ferrous sulphate in health facilities were the major reasons influencing the intake of folic acid and ferrous sulphate by pregnant teenagers. Also, there is low consumption of iron and folate rich foods by pregnant teenagers in this setting. Health practitioners including doctors, nurses and community health care workers needed to improve health education by including information on nutritional supplements and the importance an use of folic acid and ferrous sulphate during pregnancy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Geology of the Elisenheim area, Windhoek district, South West Africa, with special reference to the Matchless amphibolite belt
- Authors: Finnemore, S H
- Date: 1976
- Subjects: Matchless Copper Mine (Namibia) , Geology, Structural -- Namibia , Amphibolite -- Namibia , Geology -- Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5053 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011864
- Description: The Elisenheim area is situated just north of Windhoek within the Windhoek Formation of the Swakop Subgroup and is underlain by monotonous succession of semi-pelitic schists with intercalations of amphibolite, talc schist, graphitic schist and marble. Petrographic studies on units of the Matchless amphibolite which outcrop in the south of the property, have resulted in the recognition of three different types of amphibolite, namely, epidote amphibolite, porphyroblastic amphibolite and chlorite-amphibole schist. Amphibole porphyroblasts generally display patchy and zonal intergrowths of hornblende and actinolite which are indicative of non-equilibration during prograde metamorphism. Talc schists have been mapped in the north of the property. All lithotypes have undergone three phases of deformation (Fl, FZ, F3) which terminated with the faulting which underlies the Klein Windhoek, Dobra, Tigenschlücht and Kuruma rivers. Medium grade regional metamorphism accompanied F 1, F Z and F 3 and outlasted the latter. Mineral assemblages throughout the area are those of the amphibolite facies and P, T conditions prevailing during metamorphism are estimated to have been at least 5 kb at ~ 550° C. Petrochemical evidence indicates that the Matchless amphibolites are igneous in origin and genetically related to the ultrabasic talc schists. They are similar in composition to oceanic tholeiites and are thought to have been extruded subaqueously.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1976
- Authors: Finnemore, S H
- Date: 1976
- Subjects: Matchless Copper Mine (Namibia) , Geology, Structural -- Namibia , Amphibolite -- Namibia , Geology -- Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5053 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011864
- Description: The Elisenheim area is situated just north of Windhoek within the Windhoek Formation of the Swakop Subgroup and is underlain by monotonous succession of semi-pelitic schists with intercalations of amphibolite, talc schist, graphitic schist and marble. Petrographic studies on units of the Matchless amphibolite which outcrop in the south of the property, have resulted in the recognition of three different types of amphibolite, namely, epidote amphibolite, porphyroblastic amphibolite and chlorite-amphibole schist. Amphibole porphyroblasts generally display patchy and zonal intergrowths of hornblende and actinolite which are indicative of non-equilibration during prograde metamorphism. Talc schists have been mapped in the north of the property. All lithotypes have undergone three phases of deformation (Fl, FZ, F3) which terminated with the faulting which underlies the Klein Windhoek, Dobra, Tigenschlücht and Kuruma rivers. Medium grade regional metamorphism accompanied F 1, F Z and F 3 and outlasted the latter. Mineral assemblages throughout the area are those of the amphibolite facies and P, T conditions prevailing during metamorphism are estimated to have been at least 5 kb at ~ 550° C. Petrochemical evidence indicates that the Matchless amphibolites are igneous in origin and genetically related to the ultrabasic talc schists. They are similar in composition to oceanic tholeiites and are thought to have been extruded subaqueously.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1976
Graduation Ceremony May 2009
- Authors: University of Fort Hare
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:11985
- Description: University of Fort Hare Graduation programme Friday, 8th & Saturday, 9th May 2009.
- Full Text:
- Authors: University of Fort Hare
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:11985
- Description: University of Fort Hare Graduation programme Friday, 8th & Saturday, 9th May 2009.
- Full Text:
Observations of selective feeding of the aphid, Sitobion yakini (eastop) on leaf blades of barley (Hordeum vulgare L)
- Authors: Matsiliza, Babalwa
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Aphids , Phloem , Barley
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4212 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003781 , Aphids , Phloem , Barley
- Description: Penetration of leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants grown under normal conditions and those exposed to physiological stress, by the aphid, Sitobion yakini was investigated using light and electron microscope techniques. This was carried out to determine if there was evidence of preferential feeding on either thin- or thick-walled sieve tubes in the barley leaf. Under both stress and non-stress conditions, preliminary results of an electron microscope investigation showed that penetration of the epidermis and mesophyll was largely intercellular, becoming partly intercellular and in part intracellular inside the vascular bundle. A total of 317 stylets and stylet tracks were encountered during the examination of 2000 serial sections. In non-stressed plant material, 293 (92%) terminated in thin-walled sieve tubes and only 24 (8%) in thick-walled sieve tubes. Investigation of 1000 serial sections using stressed plant material showed, that 84 of 89 (94%) stylets and stylet tracks encountered terminated in thin-walled sieve tubes. Furthermore, 90 of 94 (96%) stylets and stylet tracks encountered in 1000 serial sections from the second experiment of control non-stressed plant material (control) terminated in thin-walled sieve tubes. The thin-walled sieve tubes were significantly more visited (probed) by the aphid than the thick-walled sieve tubes. Under stress conditions, 50 of 89 (56%) stylets and stylet tracks which terminated in thin-walled sieve tubes were associated with the small longitudinal bundles. Under normal conditions, 65 of 94 (69%) stylets and stylet tracks which terminated in thin-walled sieve tubes were associated with the small longitudinal bundles. There were no significant differences on the number of probes of sieve elements between the two treatments. These data suggest that the aphid S. yakini feeds preferentially on the thin-walled sieve tubes of the small longitudinal vascular bundles in plants grown under normal conditions and those exposed to physiological stress, such as water stress. This further suggests that the thin-walled sieve tubes in barley leaf blades are more attractive to the aphid and are probably most functional in terms of phloem loading and transport.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Matsiliza, Babalwa
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Aphids , Phloem , Barley
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4212 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003781 , Aphids , Phloem , Barley
- Description: Penetration of leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants grown under normal conditions and those exposed to physiological stress, by the aphid, Sitobion yakini was investigated using light and electron microscope techniques. This was carried out to determine if there was evidence of preferential feeding on either thin- or thick-walled sieve tubes in the barley leaf. Under both stress and non-stress conditions, preliminary results of an electron microscope investigation showed that penetration of the epidermis and mesophyll was largely intercellular, becoming partly intercellular and in part intracellular inside the vascular bundle. A total of 317 stylets and stylet tracks were encountered during the examination of 2000 serial sections. In non-stressed plant material, 293 (92%) terminated in thin-walled sieve tubes and only 24 (8%) in thick-walled sieve tubes. Investigation of 1000 serial sections using stressed plant material showed, that 84 of 89 (94%) stylets and stylet tracks encountered terminated in thin-walled sieve tubes. Furthermore, 90 of 94 (96%) stylets and stylet tracks encountered in 1000 serial sections from the second experiment of control non-stressed plant material (control) terminated in thin-walled sieve tubes. The thin-walled sieve tubes were significantly more visited (probed) by the aphid than the thick-walled sieve tubes. Under stress conditions, 50 of 89 (56%) stylets and stylet tracks which terminated in thin-walled sieve tubes were associated with the small longitudinal bundles. Under normal conditions, 65 of 94 (69%) stylets and stylet tracks which terminated in thin-walled sieve tubes were associated with the small longitudinal bundles. There were no significant differences on the number of probes of sieve elements between the two treatments. These data suggest that the aphid S. yakini feeds preferentially on the thin-walled sieve tubes of the small longitudinal vascular bundles in plants grown under normal conditions and those exposed to physiological stress, such as water stress. This further suggests that the thin-walled sieve tubes in barley leaf blades are more attractive to the aphid and are probably most functional in terms of phloem loading and transport.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Performance comparison of iron pillared montmorillonite, raw and modified zeolites sorption for Cu(II), Pb(II) and Ni(II) in water
- Authors: Madigoe, Marakeng Rhudolf
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Water -- Purification -- Biological treatment Adsorption Montmorillonite
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8078 , vital:31516
- Description: The higher concentration of heavy metals and pollutants is toxic to human health and the environment. It is essential to remove these toxics from contaminated water. There are several methods developed for water treatment. These include adsorption, reverse osmosis, precipitation, coagulation and cation exchange. Adsorbents of various characteristics are considered for removal of heavy metals and pollutants. The study investigated the performance of iron pillared Montmorillonite, raw and modified zeolite (acid and base) for the removal of Cu(II), Pb(II) and Ni(II) in artificially contaminated water. The adsorbents were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transformation Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) instruments. The percentage removal of Cu(II), Pb(II) and Ni(II) after adsorption process were determined. Iron pillared Montmorillonite showed efficient removal for lead and zeolite for copper and nickel.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Madigoe, Marakeng Rhudolf
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Water -- Purification -- Biological treatment Adsorption Montmorillonite
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8078 , vital:31516
- Description: The higher concentration of heavy metals and pollutants is toxic to human health and the environment. It is essential to remove these toxics from contaminated water. There are several methods developed for water treatment. These include adsorption, reverse osmosis, precipitation, coagulation and cation exchange. Adsorbents of various characteristics are considered for removal of heavy metals and pollutants. The study investigated the performance of iron pillared Montmorillonite, raw and modified zeolite (acid and base) for the removal of Cu(II), Pb(II) and Ni(II) in artificially contaminated water. The adsorbents were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transformation Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) instruments. The percentage removal of Cu(II), Pb(II) and Ni(II) after adsorption process were determined. Iron pillared Montmorillonite showed efficient removal for lead and zeolite for copper and nickel.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Skilled and competent officials: An imperative for effective and efficient public procurement management
- Hlwempu, Steven Siphosenkosi
- Authors: Hlwempu, Steven Siphosenkosi
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Skills development -- South Afica -- Eastern Cape , Municipal government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/46945 , vital:39738
- Description: The study sought to examine the skills needed by public officials for effective and efficient public procurement management. Supply Chain Management (SCM) is one of the key mechanisms enabling the government to implement policies and strategies, and to realise set objectives. However, there is a series of reported cases of incompetence by South African public sector practitioners when it comes to implementing duties they are designated to do, which have raised many concerns and led to the failure of SCM policies in the public sector. The Eastern Cape provincial government has been seen to be affected by poor procurement, and public procurement officials in the province face challenges such as redundant spending and misinterpretation of contracts and needs. These problems in the Eastern Cape provincial government have been especially highlighted in the Auditor General of South Africa’s reports. The study adopted a qualitative approach, and desktop research was used in a bid to ascertain the competence and skills required by public sector SCM practitioners in the Eastern Cape. Results showed that the logistics and supply chain sector have skills shortages, both in terms of soft and hard skills.Numerous studies have been done around the world to determine the types of skills that are required for successful supply chains. These results showed that there are skill categories that can be valuable in properly determining management effectively and efficiently in any institution. The study, therefore, recommended that the government provide funds for public sector employees to take professional education in the area of SCM. The government can also send its employees to education institutions that offer supply chain course.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Hlwempu, Steven Siphosenkosi
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Skills development -- South Afica -- Eastern Cape , Municipal government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/46945 , vital:39738
- Description: The study sought to examine the skills needed by public officials for effective and efficient public procurement management. Supply Chain Management (SCM) is one of the key mechanisms enabling the government to implement policies and strategies, and to realise set objectives. However, there is a series of reported cases of incompetence by South African public sector practitioners when it comes to implementing duties they are designated to do, which have raised many concerns and led to the failure of SCM policies in the public sector. The Eastern Cape provincial government has been seen to be affected by poor procurement, and public procurement officials in the province face challenges such as redundant spending and misinterpretation of contracts and needs. These problems in the Eastern Cape provincial government have been especially highlighted in the Auditor General of South Africa’s reports. The study adopted a qualitative approach, and desktop research was used in a bid to ascertain the competence and skills required by public sector SCM practitioners in the Eastern Cape. Results showed that the logistics and supply chain sector have skills shortages, both in terms of soft and hard skills.Numerous studies have been done around the world to determine the types of skills that are required for successful supply chains. These results showed that there are skill categories that can be valuable in properly determining management effectively and efficiently in any institution. The study, therefore, recommended that the government provide funds for public sector employees to take professional education in the area of SCM. The government can also send its employees to education institutions that offer supply chain course.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
South African art, the romantic principle and the Grahamstown group
- Authors: Clark, George Phillip Haven
- Date: 1977
- Subjects: Art, South African , Art -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2501 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1014638
- Description: The purpose of this essay is to examine the "rumblings in the belly of Leviathan from which we are able to diagnose his disease" (Comfort). Adopting a cyclical idea of art, it aims to point out that South African art has degenerated to a state where the much publicised so-called leaders of art are simply using charm techniques to woo the consent of a society whose metaphysics are derived from twentieth century collective materialism. The South African situation is examined, as is the Romantic principle underlying all genuine artistic activity. It is proposed that the cure lies in a reinstatement of this principle and in a readjustment of the concepts of reality and unreality. Finally, the Grahamstown Group is propounded as an embodiment of the Romantic principle with its implicit concept of artistic reality.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1977
- Authors: Clark, George Phillip Haven
- Date: 1977
- Subjects: Art, South African , Art -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2501 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1014638
- Description: The purpose of this essay is to examine the "rumblings in the belly of Leviathan from which we are able to diagnose his disease" (Comfort). Adopting a cyclical idea of art, it aims to point out that South African art has degenerated to a state where the much publicised so-called leaders of art are simply using charm techniques to woo the consent of a society whose metaphysics are derived from twentieth century collective materialism. The South African situation is examined, as is the Romantic principle underlying all genuine artistic activity. It is proposed that the cure lies in a reinstatement of this principle and in a readjustment of the concepts of reality and unreality. Finally, the Grahamstown Group is propounded as an embodiment of the Romantic principle with its implicit concept of artistic reality.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1977