Determinants of adaptation to climate variability:A case study of crop farming households in Tyhume Valley communities Eastern Cape,South Africa.
- Authors: Mtintsilana, Olona
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Climatic changes Sustainable agriculture Climatic changes
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18789 , vital:42733
- Description: Climate variability affects rural households and agricultural productivity, yet it is just one of many stresses that vulnerable rural households have to cope with. Climate variability is not as noticeable as weather variability, because it happens over seasons and years. It is the manner in which climate fluctuates above or below a long-term average value. Without measures at local and national level to adapt to climate variability, risk of food insecurity will continue to increase at household level. The objective of the study was to determine factors affecting adaptation to climate variability. Purposive sampling was used to identify households who participated because of un-availability of sampling frame. Information was elicited from the selected households with the aid of a semi-structured questionnaire. The study utilised a cross-sectional survey of 205 farming households in Tyhume Valley communities. Data gathered was subjected to descriptive statistics, Cross tabulations and Binary logit model. The results indicate that rural households from Tyhume Valley communities practiced coping adaptation through use of the following adaptation strategies; crop rotation, planted drought resistant crops, changed planting dates and used indigenous strategies such as using ash to kill mule (intuku). Most of the households used irrigation as the coping strategy to adapt to climate variability. However, heatwave, high winds, employment status, cell phones, age and gender of the rural households’ heads have effects on households’ adaptation to climate variability in Tyhume Valley. In view of the research findings, a large number of farming households are old and are females, there is a need for development of labour saving technologies and extension services to increase the likelihood of adaptation of climate variability by vulnerable farmers such as women and elderly farmers.The study also recommends that there must be a development of infrastructure for farmers as they are negatively affect by high winds due to low infrastructural development.The study also shows that farming households who have access to cellphones are more likely to adapt to climate variability, therefore the study recommends that communication of farming households must be improved.Adapting to climate variability is an increasingly important issue in agriculture and one that is likely to persist for many years.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Mtintsilana, Olona
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Climatic changes Sustainable agriculture Climatic changes
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18789 , vital:42733
- Description: Climate variability affects rural households and agricultural productivity, yet it is just one of many stresses that vulnerable rural households have to cope with. Climate variability is not as noticeable as weather variability, because it happens over seasons and years. It is the manner in which climate fluctuates above or below a long-term average value. Without measures at local and national level to adapt to climate variability, risk of food insecurity will continue to increase at household level. The objective of the study was to determine factors affecting adaptation to climate variability. Purposive sampling was used to identify households who participated because of un-availability of sampling frame. Information was elicited from the selected households with the aid of a semi-structured questionnaire. The study utilised a cross-sectional survey of 205 farming households in Tyhume Valley communities. Data gathered was subjected to descriptive statistics, Cross tabulations and Binary logit model. The results indicate that rural households from Tyhume Valley communities practiced coping adaptation through use of the following adaptation strategies; crop rotation, planted drought resistant crops, changed planting dates and used indigenous strategies such as using ash to kill mule (intuku). Most of the households used irrigation as the coping strategy to adapt to climate variability. However, heatwave, high winds, employment status, cell phones, age and gender of the rural households’ heads have effects on households’ adaptation to climate variability in Tyhume Valley. In view of the research findings, a large number of farming households are old and are females, there is a need for development of labour saving technologies and extension services to increase the likelihood of adaptation of climate variability by vulnerable farmers such as women and elderly farmers.The study also recommends that there must be a development of infrastructure for farmers as they are negatively affect by high winds due to low infrastructural development.The study also shows that farming households who have access to cellphones are more likely to adapt to climate variability, therefore the study recommends that communication of farming households must be improved.Adapting to climate variability is an increasingly important issue in agriculture and one that is likely to persist for many years.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
An anthropoligical Inquiry on knowledge and understanding of Diabetes: a cultural analysis of knowledge construction amongst the youth in Humewood, Port Elizabeth
- Authors: Bota, Zizipho
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Diabetes -- Port Elizabeth --South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/46659 , vital:39606
- Description: The study sought to inquire about the youth’s knowledge and understanding of diabetes in relation to its different types with regards to determined societal components such as education, culture, healthcare and socioeconomic status. It then became important to establish what the youth in Humewood, Port Elizabeth, understand about diabetes in relation to its three different types with regard to education, culture, healthcare and socioeconomic status in Humewood, Port Elizabeth. Previous studies have failed to inquire about knowledge construction and understanding of diabetes in Port Elizabeth, this provided an opportunity to do so, especially since diabetes is growing rapidly and is a lifelong illness. Most studies tend to focus on disseminating information to those that already have diabetes, overlooking the importance of diabetes education as a preventative strategy. The research followed a qualitative approach which included semi-structured individual face-to-face interviews as a method of data collection amongst ten participants using convenience sampling. The data revealed the importance of diabetes education and representation, and showed that financial standing and healthcare are interconnected. Complex inferiorities and social stratification hinder the betterment of the general welfare and therefore signifying social injustice. This research is an important contribution to medical anthropology in the context of Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Bota, Zizipho
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Diabetes -- Port Elizabeth --South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/46659 , vital:39606
- Description: The study sought to inquire about the youth’s knowledge and understanding of diabetes in relation to its different types with regards to determined societal components such as education, culture, healthcare and socioeconomic status. It then became important to establish what the youth in Humewood, Port Elizabeth, understand about diabetes in relation to its three different types with regard to education, culture, healthcare and socioeconomic status in Humewood, Port Elizabeth. Previous studies have failed to inquire about knowledge construction and understanding of diabetes in Port Elizabeth, this provided an opportunity to do so, especially since diabetes is growing rapidly and is a lifelong illness. Most studies tend to focus on disseminating information to those that already have diabetes, overlooking the importance of diabetes education as a preventative strategy. The research followed a qualitative approach which included semi-structured individual face-to-face interviews as a method of data collection amongst ten participants using convenience sampling. The data revealed the importance of diabetes education and representation, and showed that financial standing and healthcare are interconnected. Complex inferiorities and social stratification hinder the betterment of the general welfare and therefore signifying social injustice. This research is an important contribution to medical anthropology in the context of Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Psychological capital as a moderator of the relationship between workplace conflict and organisational citizenship behaviour among administrative staff at the University of Fort Hare
- Authors: Motema, Boiketlo
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Organizational behavior Employees -- Attitudes Organizational effectiveness
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18565 , vital:42609
- Description: This study investigated psychological capital (PsyCap) as a mediator of the relationship between workplace conflict (WC) and organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB). The study was based on equity theory as well as the social exchange theory. The sample encompassed of 151 administrative staff members from the University of Fort Hare (Alice, Bhisho and East London campuses) in the Eastern Cape Province. Argentero, Cortese, and Ferretti (2008) organisational citizenship behaviour questionnaire was employed to assess OCB; the Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale (ICAWS) was employed to assess workplace conflict; and Luthans, Avolio, Avey, and Norman’s (2007) psychological capital questionnaire by McGee (2011) was employed to assess psychological capital. In terms of data analysis, a descriptive analysis, correlational analysis together with simple linear regression analysis and multiple linear regression models were applied using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The findings indicated a negative relationship between workplace conflict and organisational citizenship behaviour. Thus, for the purpose of enhancing extra-role behaviours amongst staff members, the management of the institution needs to ensure equitable compensation, rewards, and benefits amongst workers. This is vital because should the employees perceive that inequity exists, they will fight for fairness and justice, and if they are not heard, it will result in workplace conflict.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Motema, Boiketlo
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Organizational behavior Employees -- Attitudes Organizational effectiveness
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18565 , vital:42609
- Description: This study investigated psychological capital (PsyCap) as a mediator of the relationship between workplace conflict (WC) and organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB). The study was based on equity theory as well as the social exchange theory. The sample encompassed of 151 administrative staff members from the University of Fort Hare (Alice, Bhisho and East London campuses) in the Eastern Cape Province. Argentero, Cortese, and Ferretti (2008) organisational citizenship behaviour questionnaire was employed to assess OCB; the Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale (ICAWS) was employed to assess workplace conflict; and Luthans, Avolio, Avey, and Norman’s (2007) psychological capital questionnaire by McGee (2011) was employed to assess psychological capital. In terms of data analysis, a descriptive analysis, correlational analysis together with simple linear regression analysis and multiple linear regression models were applied using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The findings indicated a negative relationship between workplace conflict and organisational citizenship behaviour. Thus, for the purpose of enhancing extra-role behaviours amongst staff members, the management of the institution needs to ensure equitable compensation, rewards, and benefits amongst workers. This is vital because should the employees perceive that inequity exists, they will fight for fairness and justice, and if they are not heard, it will result in workplace conflict.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
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