The relative suitability of knowledge paradigms to indigenous African resource management and their implications for environmental bioethics, environmental policy and food security
- Authors: Agbor Ambang, Oscar Mbi
- Date: 2020-04
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , M.Pharm
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/163091 , vital:41011
- Description: Thesis (M.Pharm)--Rhodes University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacy, 2020.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-04
- Authors: Agbor Ambang, Oscar Mbi
- Date: 2020-04
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , M.Pharm
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/163091 , vital:41011
- Description: Thesis (M.Pharm)--Rhodes University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacy, 2020.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-04
Exploring the influences of an intersemiotic complementarity teaching approach on Grade 9 Namibian learners’ sense-making of chemical bonding
- Aikanga, Frans Paulus Shintaleleni
- Authors: Aikanga, Frans Paulus Shintaleleni
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Physical sciences -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- Namibia , Chemical bonds , Semiotics , Cognition in children , Communication in education , Language and education -- Namibia , Visual learning , Verbal learning
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178281 , vital:42927
- Description: Anecdotal evidence from my 10 years’ experience teaching Grade 9 Physical Science in Namibian schools revealed learners’ difficulty with making sense of chemical bonding. The Junior Secondary examiners’ reports in recent consecutive years (2014, 2015, 2016 & 2017) also revealed this challenge among Grade 10 learners (Namibia. Ministry of Education, Arts and Culture [MoEAC], 2017). The language of learning and teaching (LoLT) for most school subjects (including Physical Science) in Namibia is English, which is taken as a second language by most learners (Kisting, 2011). The results of the English Language Proficiency test written by all principals and teachers in Namibia show that most are not proficient in this language (Kisting, 2011). This has raised concern as to how teaching of content subjects may be undertaken effectively with English as the LoLT. In Namibia, chemical bonding is part of the chemistry section of Physical Science, taught as a sub-topic under the Matter section, where the nature, characteristics, and behaviour of three states of matter are explained. The difficulty students have with chemical bonding is identified as being due to complex chemical concepts (Chittleborough & Mamiala, 2006), and the specialised language of the topic these concepts involve (Gilbert & Treagust, 2009). Additionally, this difficulty may be ascribed to lack of suitable pedagogic approaches, which is linked to science teachers not being fluent in the LoLT. Despite this link, Johnstone (1982) posits that addressing the challenge of teaching and learning chemical knowledge requires teachers’ understanding of three levels of representation: macroscopic, sub-microscopic, and symbolic. Addressing this challenge may be accomplished by using multimodality in teaching, which is achievable via intersemiosis of different semiotic modes, drawing from Systemic Functional Linguistics. This is due to non-linguistic modes also having the potential to make meaning as language does, and the fact that language alone cannot fully enable effective meaning-making in discourses that are inherently multimodal, such as science. Some studies have suggested that the intersemiosis of visual and verbal semiotic modes has the potential to enable more meaning-making of scientific discourse than either of these two alone. The study reported on in this thesis has built on such previous studies in order to explore the influences of a visual-verbal intersemiotic complementarity teaching approach on Grade 9 Namibian learners’ sense-making of chemical bonding. No studies from Namibia exploring these influences on Grade 9 learners could be found. This revealed the knowledge gap that this study aimed to contribute to filling. I accomplished this goal by embarking on a two-cycle action research study. The first cycle followed a traditional teaching approach and assessment, whereas the second cycle, the intervention, included a visual-verbal intersemiotic complementarity teaching approach and assessment. I achieved visual-verbal intersemiotic complementarity teaching and assessment by coordinating spoken and written language with visuals in the form of diagrams and physical models. The critical paradigm was adopted to explore the influences of this pedagogic approach, with the underlying aim of exploring the intervention approach for bringing about a change in learners’ sense-making of chemical bonding, compared to traditional approaches that do not consider intersemiosis. This study is informed by Vygotsky’s (1978) social constructivism to account for learning as a product of social construction, and Halliday’s (1978) Systemic Functional Linguistics to account for the role played by semiotic modes in making meanings. This study involved collecting qualitative data that were accessed via document analysis, structured lesson observation, the teacher’s and learners’ reflective journals, and the pre- and post-test. Collecting these data was facilitated by a critical friend. The results reveal a positive influence of the visual-verbal intersemiotic complementarity teaching approach on Grade 9 Namibian learners’ sense-making of chemical bonding. This influence was realised in the noticeable shift from the learners’ discourse (use of talk and visuals) being perceptual (which is less scientific) to being idea-based (which is more scientific). Learners were also found to be self-motivated and keen to learn complex chemical bonding concepts after the intervention – another sign of their making sense of the topic. The implications of this study include that visual-verbal intersemiotic complementarity should be considered a pedagogic approach to chemical bonding by curriculum developers and reviewers, teacher training institutions, and science textbook authors. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Aikanga, Frans Paulus Shintaleleni
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Physical sciences -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- Namibia , Chemical bonds , Semiotics , Cognition in children , Communication in education , Language and education -- Namibia , Visual learning , Verbal learning
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178281 , vital:42927
- Description: Anecdotal evidence from my 10 years’ experience teaching Grade 9 Physical Science in Namibian schools revealed learners’ difficulty with making sense of chemical bonding. The Junior Secondary examiners’ reports in recent consecutive years (2014, 2015, 2016 & 2017) also revealed this challenge among Grade 10 learners (Namibia. Ministry of Education, Arts and Culture [MoEAC], 2017). The language of learning and teaching (LoLT) for most school subjects (including Physical Science) in Namibia is English, which is taken as a second language by most learners (Kisting, 2011). The results of the English Language Proficiency test written by all principals and teachers in Namibia show that most are not proficient in this language (Kisting, 2011). This has raised concern as to how teaching of content subjects may be undertaken effectively with English as the LoLT. In Namibia, chemical bonding is part of the chemistry section of Physical Science, taught as a sub-topic under the Matter section, where the nature, characteristics, and behaviour of three states of matter are explained. The difficulty students have with chemical bonding is identified as being due to complex chemical concepts (Chittleborough & Mamiala, 2006), and the specialised language of the topic these concepts involve (Gilbert & Treagust, 2009). Additionally, this difficulty may be ascribed to lack of suitable pedagogic approaches, which is linked to science teachers not being fluent in the LoLT. Despite this link, Johnstone (1982) posits that addressing the challenge of teaching and learning chemical knowledge requires teachers’ understanding of three levels of representation: macroscopic, sub-microscopic, and symbolic. Addressing this challenge may be accomplished by using multimodality in teaching, which is achievable via intersemiosis of different semiotic modes, drawing from Systemic Functional Linguistics. This is due to non-linguistic modes also having the potential to make meaning as language does, and the fact that language alone cannot fully enable effective meaning-making in discourses that are inherently multimodal, such as science. Some studies have suggested that the intersemiosis of visual and verbal semiotic modes has the potential to enable more meaning-making of scientific discourse than either of these two alone. The study reported on in this thesis has built on such previous studies in order to explore the influences of a visual-verbal intersemiotic complementarity teaching approach on Grade 9 Namibian learners’ sense-making of chemical bonding. No studies from Namibia exploring these influences on Grade 9 learners could be found. This revealed the knowledge gap that this study aimed to contribute to filling. I accomplished this goal by embarking on a two-cycle action research study. The first cycle followed a traditional teaching approach and assessment, whereas the second cycle, the intervention, included a visual-verbal intersemiotic complementarity teaching approach and assessment. I achieved visual-verbal intersemiotic complementarity teaching and assessment by coordinating spoken and written language with visuals in the form of diagrams and physical models. The critical paradigm was adopted to explore the influences of this pedagogic approach, with the underlying aim of exploring the intervention approach for bringing about a change in learners’ sense-making of chemical bonding, compared to traditional approaches that do not consider intersemiosis. This study is informed by Vygotsky’s (1978) social constructivism to account for learning as a product of social construction, and Halliday’s (1978) Systemic Functional Linguistics to account for the role played by semiotic modes in making meanings. This study involved collecting qualitative data that were accessed via document analysis, structured lesson observation, the teacher’s and learners’ reflective journals, and the pre- and post-test. Collecting these data was facilitated by a critical friend. The results reveal a positive influence of the visual-verbal intersemiotic complementarity teaching approach on Grade 9 Namibian learners’ sense-making of chemical bonding. This influence was realised in the noticeable shift from the learners’ discourse (use of talk and visuals) being perceptual (which is less scientific) to being idea-based (which is more scientific). Learners were also found to be self-motivated and keen to learn complex chemical bonding concepts after the intervention – another sign of their making sense of the topic. The implications of this study include that visual-verbal intersemiotic complementarity should be considered a pedagogic approach to chemical bonding by curriculum developers and reviewers, teacher training institutions, and science textbook authors. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
A Systematic Visualisation Framework for Radio-Imaging Pipelines
- Authors: Andati, Lexy Acherwa Livoyi
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Radio interferometers , Radio astronomy -- Data processing , Radio astronomy -- Data processing -- Software , Jupyter
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/177338 , vital:42812
- Description: Pipelines for calibration and imaging of radio interferometric data produce many intermediate images and other data products (gain tables, etc.) These often contain valuable information about the quality of the data and the calibration, and can provide the user with valuable insights, if only visualised in the right way. However, the deluge of data that we’re experiencing with modern instruments means that most of these products are never looked at, and only the final images and data products are examined. Furthermore, the variety of imaging algorithms currently available, and the range of their options, means that very different results can be produced from the same set of original data. Proper understanding of this requires a systematic comparison that can be carried out both by individual users locally, and by the community globally. We address both problems by developing a systematic visualisation framework based around Jupyter notebooks, enriched with interactive plots based on the Bokeh and Datashader visualisation libraries. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Department of Physics and Electronics, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Andati, Lexy Acherwa Livoyi
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Radio interferometers , Radio astronomy -- Data processing , Radio astronomy -- Data processing -- Software , Jupyter
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/177338 , vital:42812
- Description: Pipelines for calibration and imaging of radio interferometric data produce many intermediate images and other data products (gain tables, etc.) These often contain valuable information about the quality of the data and the calibration, and can provide the user with valuable insights, if only visualised in the right way. However, the deluge of data that we’re experiencing with modern instruments means that most of these products are never looked at, and only the final images and data products are examined. Furthermore, the variety of imaging algorithms currently available, and the range of their options, means that very different results can be produced from the same set of original data. Proper understanding of this requires a systematic comparison that can be carried out both by individual users locally, and by the community globally. We address both problems by developing a systematic visualisation framework based around Jupyter notebooks, enriched with interactive plots based on the Bokeh and Datashader visualisation libraries. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Department of Physics and Electronics, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Poppehysie
- Authors: Arendse, Ashwin Albert
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Swartlandse Kaaps poetry -- 21st century , Creative writing (Higher education) -- South Africa , Diaries -- Authorship , Afrikaans poetry -- 21st century , African literature -- History and criticism
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178259 , vital:42925
- Description: My thesis, is geskryf in Swartlandse Kaaps, ’n streeksvariant van Kaaps. Die poems is free verses wat afspeel tien ie backdrop van Malmesbury en Stellenbosch se “Coloured areas” mette analysis van dialect en ideolect wat eie is annie mense wat ampe altyd feature innie stories wat ek vertel. Die thesis explore die liefde asse konsep. Dit kyk na hoe die desperate need vi absent liefde ’n toxic relationship feed tussen ’n jong couple ennie destructive impact van liefde oppe pesoon wie nooit geleer was hoe om lief te wies vi annes ie. Dan kyk ek oek na hoe die previous generations, dit van my ma en pa liefde reject et asse unaffordable excess inne community wat brutal en harsh is. Antonio Gramsci se konsep vannie organic intellectual, dien asse philosophical underpinning virrie thesis d.w.s die hoofkarakter dien asse orator virrie intellectual en cultural insights wattie everyman in sy community nie self kan express ie. Die organic intellectual express díe thoughts innie cultural taal van sy social class. Die thesis explore stories soes it vetel wôd dee mense soes my oupa en mense wattie altyd aware is dat hulle stories in hulle in hettie. In dai way val it tot some degree binne die terrain van oral traditions. Die thesis wil dip into die collective conscious vanne social group wat die worst aspects van liewe in Syd-Afrika experience et. Ek voel free verse is ie ideal form van expression vi my in regards tot die skryf van die thesis, omdat ek daamee die line successfully kan blur tussen ie ‘language of the people’ en my eie individual leaning toward poetic language en forms. In terms van style draw ek op vorige digbundels in Kaaps, most notably op Nathan Trantraal se baie controlled, free verse digbundel, ‘Alles het niet kom wôd,’en Ronelda S. Kamfer se technique van ‘oorvertel’, in haa digbundel ‘grond/Santekraam’. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Languages and Literatures, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Arendse, Ashwin Albert
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Swartlandse Kaaps poetry -- 21st century , Creative writing (Higher education) -- South Africa , Diaries -- Authorship , Afrikaans poetry -- 21st century , African literature -- History and criticism
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178259 , vital:42925
- Description: My thesis, is geskryf in Swartlandse Kaaps, ’n streeksvariant van Kaaps. Die poems is free verses wat afspeel tien ie backdrop van Malmesbury en Stellenbosch se “Coloured areas” mette analysis van dialect en ideolect wat eie is annie mense wat ampe altyd feature innie stories wat ek vertel. Die thesis explore die liefde asse konsep. Dit kyk na hoe die desperate need vi absent liefde ’n toxic relationship feed tussen ’n jong couple ennie destructive impact van liefde oppe pesoon wie nooit geleer was hoe om lief te wies vi annes ie. Dan kyk ek oek na hoe die previous generations, dit van my ma en pa liefde reject et asse unaffordable excess inne community wat brutal en harsh is. Antonio Gramsci se konsep vannie organic intellectual, dien asse philosophical underpinning virrie thesis d.w.s die hoofkarakter dien asse orator virrie intellectual en cultural insights wattie everyman in sy community nie self kan express ie. Die organic intellectual express díe thoughts innie cultural taal van sy social class. Die thesis explore stories soes it vetel wôd dee mense soes my oupa en mense wattie altyd aware is dat hulle stories in hulle in hettie. In dai way val it tot some degree binne die terrain van oral traditions. Die thesis wil dip into die collective conscious vanne social group wat die worst aspects van liewe in Syd-Afrika experience et. Ek voel free verse is ie ideal form van expression vi my in regards tot die skryf van die thesis, omdat ek daamee die line successfully kan blur tussen ie ‘language of the people’ en my eie individual leaning toward poetic language en forms. In terms van style draw ek op vorige digbundels in Kaaps, most notably op Nathan Trantraal se baie controlled, free verse digbundel, ‘Alles het niet kom wôd,’en Ronelda S. Kamfer se technique van ‘oorvertel’, in haa digbundel ‘grond/Santekraam’. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Languages and Literatures, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
A study of four-dimensional oscillator groups and the associated left-invariant control affine systems
- Authors: Biggs, Rory
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/164941 , vital:41186
- Description: Thesis (MSc)--Rhodes University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Biggs, Rory
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/164941 , vital:41186
- Description: Thesis (MSc)--Rhodes University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The physical activity levels and preferences of South African breast cancer survivors : a pilot study
- Authors: Campbell, Belinda Claire
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Breast -- Cancer , Cancer -- Patients -- South Africa , Cancer -- Patients -- Rehabilitation , Exercise -- Health aspects , Godin leisure-time activity questionnaire (GLTPAQ) , International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/177748 , vital:42855
- Description: Introduction: Breast cancer is currently the most commonly diagnosed cancer in South African women. Physical activity has proven to have preventative, treatment and management benefits for breast cancer and other cancers and exercise has been found as both viable and safe during cancer treatment and recovery. However, there is limited research on breast cancer and the levels and preferences of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in a South African context. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour of South African breast cancer survivors and to investigate the physical activity advice and participation preferences of these participants. Methods: A cross-sectional research design was implemented to identify the physical activity, sedentary behaviour levels and exercise preferences of 48 South African breast cancer survivors (age range 45 years). An online survey comprising demographic and anthropometric questions, the Godin leisure-time activity questionnaire (GLTPAQ), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and an exercise preference questionnaire was presented to participating breast cancer survivors in order to i) identify the levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour engaged in, ii) obtain demographic and anthropometric information and iii) identify exercise preferences. A linear mixed model regression was used to examine potential associations between demographic and anthropometric variables and physical activity levels. Chi-squared and Pearson’s Product-Moment correlation tests were used to identify relationships between categorical and numerical variables. A correlation matrix was generated to further explore any correlations. Statistical significance for all measures was set at p<0.05. Results: The mean age of the group was 49 ± 9.87 years. The most common time since diagnosis was <5 years ago and the most common stage of breast cancer was stage I. The mean BMI was 27.87 ± 5.53kg/m2. The most common treatment combination was surgery with either chemotherapy or radiation. According to the leisure score index (LSI) the majority of the group (56%) was active and according to IPAQ data 60% were meeting physical activity guidelines. The highest physical activity levels were seen in the average weekly minutes of moderate-intensity activity, and there was a strong, non-significant positive correlation (p>0.05, R2 = 0.95) between moderate-intensity physical activity and total physical activity levels. High levels of weekly sedentary behaviour and sitting time (302.60 ± 169.96 minutes) were reported. A weak, non-significant, positive correlation was found between total sedentary time and BMI (p>0.05, R2 = 0.1). A weak, non-significant, negative correlation was found between age and sedentary time (p>0.05, R2 = 0.002). More participants below 50 years were insufficiently active compared to above the age of 50 years. 1.7 to 2.6 years since diagnosis saw the greatest number of insufficiently active survivors and the category over 2.6 years since diagnosis saw the most active survivors. Most breast cancer survivors (71.10% & 82.05%) indicated being interested in and feeling capable of participating in an exercise programme (p>0.05, R2 = 0.72). The favoured preference for receiving physical activity advice was face-to-face with an exercise specialist at a cancer centre before treatment. Participation preferences included starting a programme immediately after treatment, in a home-based setting with one or two other people, where walking and a moderate exercise intensity were the preferred exercise type and level of intensity. Data collection occurred both immediately prior to (42% of participants) and during (56% of participants) the South African Covid-19 lockdown, so the results should be seen in light of this context. Conclusion: The current study is one of the first to explore physical activity rates and preferences of South African breast cancer survivors. As a group and individually these survivors were meeting public physical activity guidelines and engaging in the recommended weekly minutes. The high sitting time coupled with the high overweight and obesity levels highlight the need for positive behavioural changes including improved levels of physical activity and reduced sedentary behaviour. These changes need involvement from the numerous levels of society that affect health. Broad physical activity guidelines need to be developed not only to improve physical activity levels in breast cancer survivors but to work as a preventative measure by facilitating physical activity promotion in the general population. The findings of this study demonstrate that this group of South African breast cancer survivors is open to physical activity advice, to programmes and to improving physical activity levels. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Human Kinetics and Ergonomics, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Campbell, Belinda Claire
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Breast -- Cancer , Cancer -- Patients -- South Africa , Cancer -- Patients -- Rehabilitation , Exercise -- Health aspects , Godin leisure-time activity questionnaire (GLTPAQ) , International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/177748 , vital:42855
- Description: Introduction: Breast cancer is currently the most commonly diagnosed cancer in South African women. Physical activity has proven to have preventative, treatment and management benefits for breast cancer and other cancers and exercise has been found as both viable and safe during cancer treatment and recovery. However, there is limited research on breast cancer and the levels and preferences of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in a South African context. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour of South African breast cancer survivors and to investigate the physical activity advice and participation preferences of these participants. Methods: A cross-sectional research design was implemented to identify the physical activity, sedentary behaviour levels and exercise preferences of 48 South African breast cancer survivors (age range 45 years). An online survey comprising demographic and anthropometric questions, the Godin leisure-time activity questionnaire (GLTPAQ), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and an exercise preference questionnaire was presented to participating breast cancer survivors in order to i) identify the levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour engaged in, ii) obtain demographic and anthropometric information and iii) identify exercise preferences. A linear mixed model regression was used to examine potential associations between demographic and anthropometric variables and physical activity levels. Chi-squared and Pearson’s Product-Moment correlation tests were used to identify relationships between categorical and numerical variables. A correlation matrix was generated to further explore any correlations. Statistical significance for all measures was set at p<0.05. Results: The mean age of the group was 49 ± 9.87 years. The most common time since diagnosis was <5 years ago and the most common stage of breast cancer was stage I. The mean BMI was 27.87 ± 5.53kg/m2. The most common treatment combination was surgery with either chemotherapy or radiation. According to the leisure score index (LSI) the majority of the group (56%) was active and according to IPAQ data 60% were meeting physical activity guidelines. The highest physical activity levels were seen in the average weekly minutes of moderate-intensity activity, and there was a strong, non-significant positive correlation (p>0.05, R2 = 0.95) between moderate-intensity physical activity and total physical activity levels. High levels of weekly sedentary behaviour and sitting time (302.60 ± 169.96 minutes) were reported. A weak, non-significant, positive correlation was found between total sedentary time and BMI (p>0.05, R2 = 0.1). A weak, non-significant, negative correlation was found between age and sedentary time (p>0.05, R2 = 0.002). More participants below 50 years were insufficiently active compared to above the age of 50 years. 1.7 to 2.6 years since diagnosis saw the greatest number of insufficiently active survivors and the category over 2.6 years since diagnosis saw the most active survivors. Most breast cancer survivors (71.10% & 82.05%) indicated being interested in and feeling capable of participating in an exercise programme (p>0.05, R2 = 0.72). The favoured preference for receiving physical activity advice was face-to-face with an exercise specialist at a cancer centre before treatment. Participation preferences included starting a programme immediately after treatment, in a home-based setting with one or two other people, where walking and a moderate exercise intensity were the preferred exercise type and level of intensity. Data collection occurred both immediately prior to (42% of participants) and during (56% of participants) the South African Covid-19 lockdown, so the results should be seen in light of this context. Conclusion: The current study is one of the first to explore physical activity rates and preferences of South African breast cancer survivors. As a group and individually these survivors were meeting public physical activity guidelines and engaging in the recommended weekly minutes. The high sitting time coupled with the high overweight and obesity levels highlight the need for positive behavioural changes including improved levels of physical activity and reduced sedentary behaviour. These changes need involvement from the numerous levels of society that affect health. Broad physical activity guidelines need to be developed not only to improve physical activity levels in breast cancer survivors but to work as a preventative measure by facilitating physical activity promotion in the general population. The findings of this study demonstrate that this group of South African breast cancer survivors is open to physical activity advice, to programmes and to improving physical activity levels. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Human Kinetics and Ergonomics, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Creative Cities and Regional Development: The Case of Makhanda and the Creative City Project
- Authors: Campbell, Guy John
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: To be assigned
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MCOM
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/174448 , vital:42478
- Description: Thesis (MSc)--Rhodes University, Faculty of Commerce, Economics and Economic History, 2020
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Campbell, Guy John
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: To be assigned
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MCOM
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/174448 , vital:42478
- Description: Thesis (MSc)--Rhodes University, Faculty of Commerce, Economics and Economic History, 2020
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
An exploratory investigation into an Integrated Vulnerability and Patch Management Framework
- Authors: Carstens, Duane
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Computer security , Computer security -- Management , Computer networks -- Security measures , Patch Management , Integrated Vulnerability
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/177940 , vital:42892
- Description: In the rapidly changing world of cybersecurity, the constant increase of vulnerabilities continues to be a prevalent issue for many organisations. Malicious actors are aware that most organisations cannot timeously patch known vulnerabilities and are ill-prepared to protect against newly created vulnerabilities where a signature or an available patch has not yet been created. Consequently, information security personnel face ongoing challenges to mitigate these risks. In this research, the problem of remediation in a world of increasing vulnerabilities is considered. The current paradigm of vulnerability and patch management is reviewed using a pragmatic approach to all associated variables of these services / practices and, as a result, what is working and what is not working in terms of remediation is understood. In addition to the analysis, a taxonomy is created to provide a graphical representation of all associated variables to vulnerability and patch management based on existing literature. Frameworks currently being utilised in the industry to create an effective engagement model between vulnerability and patch management services are considered. The link between quantifying a threat, vulnerability and consequence; what Microsoft has available for patching; and the action plan for resulting vulnerabilities is explored. Furthermore, the processes and means of communication between each of these services are investigated to ensure there is effective remediation of vulnerabilities, ultimately improving the security risk posture of an organisation. In order to effectively measure the security risk posture, progress is measured between each of these services through a single averaged measurement metric. The outcome of the research highlights influencing factors that impact successful vulnerability management, in line with identified themes from the research taxonomy. These influencing factors are however significantly undermined due to resources within the same organisations not having a clear and consistent understanding of their role, organisational capabilities and objectives for effective vulnerability and patch management within their organisations. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Computer Science, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Carstens, Duane
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Computer security , Computer security -- Management , Computer networks -- Security measures , Patch Management , Integrated Vulnerability
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/177940 , vital:42892
- Description: In the rapidly changing world of cybersecurity, the constant increase of vulnerabilities continues to be a prevalent issue for many organisations. Malicious actors are aware that most organisations cannot timeously patch known vulnerabilities and are ill-prepared to protect against newly created vulnerabilities where a signature or an available patch has not yet been created. Consequently, information security personnel face ongoing challenges to mitigate these risks. In this research, the problem of remediation in a world of increasing vulnerabilities is considered. The current paradigm of vulnerability and patch management is reviewed using a pragmatic approach to all associated variables of these services / practices and, as a result, what is working and what is not working in terms of remediation is understood. In addition to the analysis, a taxonomy is created to provide a graphical representation of all associated variables to vulnerability and patch management based on existing literature. Frameworks currently being utilised in the industry to create an effective engagement model between vulnerability and patch management services are considered. The link between quantifying a threat, vulnerability and consequence; what Microsoft has available for patching; and the action plan for resulting vulnerabilities is explored. Furthermore, the processes and means of communication between each of these services are investigated to ensure there is effective remediation of vulnerabilities, ultimately improving the security risk posture of an organisation. In order to effectively measure the security risk posture, progress is measured between each of these services through a single averaged measurement metric. The outcome of the research highlights influencing factors that impact successful vulnerability management, in line with identified themes from the research taxonomy. These influencing factors are however significantly undermined due to resources within the same organisations not having a clear and consistent understanding of their role, organisational capabilities and objectives for effective vulnerability and patch management within their organisations. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Computer Science, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Observations of cosmic re-ionisation with the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array: simulations of closure phase spectra
- Authors: Charles, Ntsikelelo
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Epoch of reionization , Space interferometry , Astronomy -- Observations , Closure phase spectra
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/174470 , vital:42480
- Description: The 21 cm transition from neutral Hydrogen promises to be the best observational probe of the Epoch of Reionisation. It has driven the construction of the new generation of low frequency radio interferometric arrays, including the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA). The main difficulty in measuring the 21 cm signal is the presence of bright foregrounds that require very accurate interferometric calibration. Thyagarajan et al. (2018) proposed the use of closure phase quantities as a means to detect the 21 cm signal, which has the advantage of being independent (to first order) from calibration errors and therefore, bypasses the need for accurate calibration. Closure phases are, however, affected by so-called direction dependent effects, e.g. the fact that the dishes - or antennas - of an interferometric array are not identical to each other and , therefore, yield different antenna primary beam responses. In this thesis, we investigate the impact of direction dependent effects on closure quantities and simulate the impact that primary antenna beams affected by mutual coupling have on the foreground closure phase and its power spectrum i.e. the power spectrum of the bispectrum phase (Thyagarajan et al., 2020). Our simulations show that primary beams affected by mutual coupling lead to an overall leakage of foreground power in the so-called EoR window, i.e. power from smooth-spectrum foregrounds is confined to low k modes. We quantified this effect and found that the leakage is up to ~ 8 orders magnitude higher than the case of an ideal beam at kǁ > 0:5 h Mpc-1. We also found that the foreground leakage is worse when edge antennas are included, as they have a more different primary beam compared to antennas at the centre of the array. The leakage magnitude is worse when bright foregrounds appear in the antenna sidelobes, as expected. Our simulations provide a useful framework to interpret observations and assess which power spectrum region is expected to be most contaminated by foreground power leakage.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Charles, Ntsikelelo
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Epoch of reionization , Space interferometry , Astronomy -- Observations , Closure phase spectra
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/174470 , vital:42480
- Description: The 21 cm transition from neutral Hydrogen promises to be the best observational probe of the Epoch of Reionisation. It has driven the construction of the new generation of low frequency radio interferometric arrays, including the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA). The main difficulty in measuring the 21 cm signal is the presence of bright foregrounds that require very accurate interferometric calibration. Thyagarajan et al. (2018) proposed the use of closure phase quantities as a means to detect the 21 cm signal, which has the advantage of being independent (to first order) from calibration errors and therefore, bypasses the need for accurate calibration. Closure phases are, however, affected by so-called direction dependent effects, e.g. the fact that the dishes - or antennas - of an interferometric array are not identical to each other and , therefore, yield different antenna primary beam responses. In this thesis, we investigate the impact of direction dependent effects on closure quantities and simulate the impact that primary antenna beams affected by mutual coupling have on the foreground closure phase and its power spectrum i.e. the power spectrum of the bispectrum phase (Thyagarajan et al., 2020). Our simulations show that primary beams affected by mutual coupling lead to an overall leakage of foreground power in the so-called EoR window, i.e. power from smooth-spectrum foregrounds is confined to low k modes. We quantified this effect and found that the leakage is up to ~ 8 orders magnitude higher than the case of an ideal beam at kǁ > 0:5 h Mpc-1. We also found that the foreground leakage is worse when edge antennas are included, as they have a more different primary beam compared to antennas at the centre of the array. The leakage magnitude is worse when bright foregrounds appear in the antenna sidelobes, as expected. Our simulations provide a useful framework to interpret observations and assess which power spectrum region is expected to be most contaminated by foreground power leakage.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
An investigation into the application of Distributed Endpoint Processing to 3D Immersive Audio Rendering
- Authors: Devonport, Robin Sean
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/163258 , vital:41022
- Description: Thesis (MSc)--Rhodes University, Faculty of Science, Computer Science, 2020.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Devonport, Robin Sean
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/163258 , vital:41022
- Description: Thesis (MSc)--Rhodes University, Faculty of Science, Computer Science, 2020.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Development and characterisation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride solid lipid nanoparticles for ocular delivery
- Authors: Dhege, Clarence
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: To be added
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178446 , vital:42940
- Description: Access restricted until April 2023. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacy, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Dhege, Clarence
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: To be added
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178446 , vital:42940
- Description: Access restricted until April 2023. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacy, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Constraining the role of carbonate assimilation on spinel stability in oxide ores of the Flatreef, Bushveld Complex, South Africa
- Authors: Dyan, Siyasanga
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Oxide minerals -- South Africa -- Bushveld Complex , Transvaal Supergroup (South Africa) , Magmas -- South Africa -- Bushveld Complex , Petrogenesis -- South Africa -- Bushveld Complex , Spinel group – South Africa -- South Africa -- Bushveld Complex , Dolomite -- South Africa -- Bushveld Complex
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/174578 , vital:42490
- Description: The northern limb of the Bushveld Complex shows significant evidence for footwall rock- magma interaction, as a result of the emplacement of magmas onto the Transvaal Supergroup sediments. The Platreef of the northern limb is known to have involved extensive contamination of the magma. The lateral extension of the Platreef, the Flatreef, is less contaminated and comprises PGE-mineralization and thick chromitite layers. This enables successful stratigraphic correlation to the Upper Critical Zone of the eastern and western limbs of the Bushveld Complex. This study aims at addressing the influence of dolomitic floor rock contamination on the formation of spinels of the Flatreef and how they may differ to their occurrences in the Bushveld Complex elsewhere. Three main drill cores (UMT-345, UMT-335, and UMT-094) from the deep drilling program by Ivanhoe Mine, north of Turfspruit, were logged and sampled. The drill cores contained rocks contaminated by dolomite in varying degrees, depending on the proportion of carbonate xenoliths present. A total of sixty-two samples were obtained from the UG-2- equivalent chromitite seam, down into the hybrid contaminated units (Footwall Assimilation Zone; FAZ). Petrographic examination of the drill cores revealed that the feldspathic pyroxenite and chromitite layers are the most pristine lithologies in the Flatreef. The chromitite layers occur as a semi-massive to massive ores. The FAZ rocks are mainly dominated by the abundance of Al-rich Cr-spinels (Mg#30-80), clinopyroxenes with a high Ca-Tschermak component (up to 35 mol.%), olivines (Fo72-84), and plagioclase (An31-78). Geochemical characteristics of the feldspathic pyroxenite and chromitite seams include low CaO/Al2O3 and Ca/SiO2 ratios, the low abundance of REE and HFSE. In contrast, the FAZ samples display high CaO/Al2O3 and CaO/SiO2 ratios, suggesting mobilization of CaO-rich fluids derived from the associated dolomite xenoliths. Observations from lithostratigraphic element profiles indicate spikes in CaO within FAZ units relative to the feldspathic pyroxene, indicating a secondary source of CaO linked to proximity to carbonate xenoliths intersected in the core. The assimilation-fractional crystallization model performed with the Upper Critical Zone parental melt and dolomite produced assemblages dominated by spinel, olivine, clinopyroxene, and plagioclase, relating to those of the most contaminated rocks of footwall assimilation zones. The model also showed that large quantities of CO2 were produced during assimilation. High amounts of CO2-fluids mobilized in the melt would have interacted with the melt and increased the overall oxidation conditions. Oxygen fugacity (ƒO2) values were constrained from the spinels in the FAZ and chromites in chromitite seams. Spinels within the most contaminated rocks of the FAZ recorded relatively high ƒO2 values ranging between NNO-0.2 and NNO+1.8 (relative to the Nickel-Nickel-Oxide buffer. High ƒO2 values in spinels from the FAZ suggest that the melt interacted with greater amounts of oxidative CO2-fluids during decarbonation reactions. Such high redox conditions could have triggered the saturation and crystallization of spinels. Comparison of mineral compositions and ƒO2 of UG-2 chromites from the Flatreef with UG-2 from the eastern limb, western limb, chromitites from the Platreef and Uitkomst Complex reveal that Flatreef chromites are of most similar to those of the Platreef Uitkosmt Complex. The northern limb and Uitkomst Complex chromites have high ƒO2 values (NNO+0.3 to NNO+1.2), indicating their apparent link to the Malmani dolomite. Interaction of magma with the Malmani dolomite would have produced high quantities of CO2, triggering an increase in oxidizing conditions. Such an effect is most prominent in the Flatreef chromitites that are in contact with the FAZ. The chromites are characterised by high ƒO2 (NNO+1.2) and distinct compositions (low Cr2O3, high Fe3+/Fetotal, and TiO2). Thus, it is proposed that carbonate assimilation in the Flatreef triggered the precipitation of these distinctive chromites proximal to FAZ, due to liberation of substantial amounts of CO2-rich fluids with a highly oxidative capacity. Carbonate assimilation in layered intrusions can be used as a monitor potential precipitation of chromites. , Thesis (MSc)--Rhodes University, Faculty of Science, Department of Geology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Dyan, Siyasanga
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Oxide minerals -- South Africa -- Bushveld Complex , Transvaal Supergroup (South Africa) , Magmas -- South Africa -- Bushveld Complex , Petrogenesis -- South Africa -- Bushveld Complex , Spinel group – South Africa -- South Africa -- Bushveld Complex , Dolomite -- South Africa -- Bushveld Complex
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/174578 , vital:42490
- Description: The northern limb of the Bushveld Complex shows significant evidence for footwall rock- magma interaction, as a result of the emplacement of magmas onto the Transvaal Supergroup sediments. The Platreef of the northern limb is known to have involved extensive contamination of the magma. The lateral extension of the Platreef, the Flatreef, is less contaminated and comprises PGE-mineralization and thick chromitite layers. This enables successful stratigraphic correlation to the Upper Critical Zone of the eastern and western limbs of the Bushveld Complex. This study aims at addressing the influence of dolomitic floor rock contamination on the formation of spinels of the Flatreef and how they may differ to their occurrences in the Bushveld Complex elsewhere. Three main drill cores (UMT-345, UMT-335, and UMT-094) from the deep drilling program by Ivanhoe Mine, north of Turfspruit, were logged and sampled. The drill cores contained rocks contaminated by dolomite in varying degrees, depending on the proportion of carbonate xenoliths present. A total of sixty-two samples were obtained from the UG-2- equivalent chromitite seam, down into the hybrid contaminated units (Footwall Assimilation Zone; FAZ). Petrographic examination of the drill cores revealed that the feldspathic pyroxenite and chromitite layers are the most pristine lithologies in the Flatreef. The chromitite layers occur as a semi-massive to massive ores. The FAZ rocks are mainly dominated by the abundance of Al-rich Cr-spinels (Mg#30-80), clinopyroxenes with a high Ca-Tschermak component (up to 35 mol.%), olivines (Fo72-84), and plagioclase (An31-78). Geochemical characteristics of the feldspathic pyroxenite and chromitite seams include low CaO/Al2O3 and Ca/SiO2 ratios, the low abundance of REE and HFSE. In contrast, the FAZ samples display high CaO/Al2O3 and CaO/SiO2 ratios, suggesting mobilization of CaO-rich fluids derived from the associated dolomite xenoliths. Observations from lithostratigraphic element profiles indicate spikes in CaO within FAZ units relative to the feldspathic pyroxene, indicating a secondary source of CaO linked to proximity to carbonate xenoliths intersected in the core. The assimilation-fractional crystallization model performed with the Upper Critical Zone parental melt and dolomite produced assemblages dominated by spinel, olivine, clinopyroxene, and plagioclase, relating to those of the most contaminated rocks of footwall assimilation zones. The model also showed that large quantities of CO2 were produced during assimilation. High amounts of CO2-fluids mobilized in the melt would have interacted with the melt and increased the overall oxidation conditions. Oxygen fugacity (ƒO2) values were constrained from the spinels in the FAZ and chromites in chromitite seams. Spinels within the most contaminated rocks of the FAZ recorded relatively high ƒO2 values ranging between NNO-0.2 and NNO+1.8 (relative to the Nickel-Nickel-Oxide buffer. High ƒO2 values in spinels from the FAZ suggest that the melt interacted with greater amounts of oxidative CO2-fluids during decarbonation reactions. Such high redox conditions could have triggered the saturation and crystallization of spinels. Comparison of mineral compositions and ƒO2 of UG-2 chromites from the Flatreef with UG-2 from the eastern limb, western limb, chromitites from the Platreef and Uitkomst Complex reveal that Flatreef chromites are of most similar to those of the Platreef Uitkosmt Complex. The northern limb and Uitkomst Complex chromites have high ƒO2 values (NNO+0.3 to NNO+1.2), indicating their apparent link to the Malmani dolomite. Interaction of magma with the Malmani dolomite would have produced high quantities of CO2, triggering an increase in oxidizing conditions. Such an effect is most prominent in the Flatreef chromitites that are in contact with the FAZ. The chromites are characterised by high ƒO2 (NNO+1.2) and distinct compositions (low Cr2O3, high Fe3+/Fetotal, and TiO2). Thus, it is proposed that carbonate assimilation in the Flatreef triggered the precipitation of these distinctive chromites proximal to FAZ, due to liberation of substantial amounts of CO2-rich fluids with a highly oxidative capacity. Carbonate assimilation in layered intrusions can be used as a monitor potential precipitation of chromites. , Thesis (MSc)--Rhodes University, Faculty of Science, Department of Geology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Development of a low-cost bioprinting system for engineering of Human Tumour Models
- Authors: Fanucci, Sidne
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/163295 , vital:41026
- Description: Thesis (MSc)--Rhodes University, Faculty of Science, Biotechnology Innovation Centre, 2020.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Fanucci, Sidne
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/163295 , vital:41026
- Description: Thesis (MSc)--Rhodes University, Faculty of Science, Biotechnology Innovation Centre, 2020.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Investigating the relationship between Heat Shock Proteins and HIV Transactivator of Transcription
- Authors: Flax, Lili Marie
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/163307 , vital:41027
- Description: Thesis (MSc)--Rhodes University, Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2020.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Flax, Lili Marie
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/163307 , vital:41027
- Description: Thesis (MSc)--Rhodes University, Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2020.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Student protests in South African universities with specific reference to Rhodes University (1970-1994)
- Authors: Gillam, Katherine Elaine
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: To be added
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178457 , vital:42941
- Description: Access restricted until April 2023. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, History, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Gillam, Katherine Elaine
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: To be added
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178457 , vital:42941
- Description: Access restricted until April 2023. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, History, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
In silico identification of selective novel hits against the active site of wild type mycobacterium tuberculosis pyrazinamidase and its mutants
- Authors: Gowo, Prudence
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Pyrazinamide , Multidrug resistance , Antitubercular agents , Molecular dynamics , Hydrogen bonding , Ligand binding (Biochemistry) , Dynamic Residue Network
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178007 , vital:42898
- Description: The World Health Organization declared Tuberculosis a global health emergency and has set a goal to eradicate it by 2035. However, effective treatment and control of the disease is being hindered by the emerging Multi-Drug Resistant and Extensively Drug Resistant strains on the most effective first line prodrug, Pyrazinamide (PZA). Studies have shown that the main cause of PZA resistance is due to mutations in the pncA gene that codes for the target protein Pyrazinamidase (PZase). Therefore, this study aimed to identify novel drug compounds that bind to the active site of wild type PZase and study the dynamics of these potential anti-TB drugs in the mutant systems of PZase. This approach will aid in identifying drugs that may be repurposed for TB therapy and/or designed to counteract PZA resistance. This was achieved by screening 2089 DrugBank compounds against the whole wild type (WT) PZase protein in molecular docking using AutoDOCK4.2. Compound screening based on docking binding energy, hydrogen bonds, molecular weight and active site proximity identified 47 compounds meeting all the set selection criteria. The stability of these compounds were analysed in Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulations and were further studied in PZase mutant systems of A3P, A134V, A146V, D8G, D49A, D49G, D63G, H51P, H137R, L85R, L116R, Q10P, R140S, T61P, V139M and Y103S. Generally, mutant-ligand systems displayed little deviation from the WT systems. The compound systems remained compact, with less fluctuations and more hydrogen bond interactions throughout the simulation (DB00255, DB00655, DB00672, DB00782, DB00977, DB01196, DB04573, DB06414, DB08981, DB11181, DB11760, DB13867, DB13952). From this research study, potential drugs that may be repurposed for TB therapy were identified. Majority of these drugs are currently used in the treatment of hypertension, menopause disorders and inflammation. To further understand the mutant-ligand dynamic systems, calculations such as Dynamic Residue Network (DRN) may be done. Also, the bioactivity of these drugs on Mycobacterium tuberculosis may be studied in wet laboratory, to understand their clinical impart in vivo experiments. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Gowo, Prudence
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Pyrazinamide , Multidrug resistance , Antitubercular agents , Molecular dynamics , Hydrogen bonding , Ligand binding (Biochemistry) , Dynamic Residue Network
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178007 , vital:42898
- Description: The World Health Organization declared Tuberculosis a global health emergency and has set a goal to eradicate it by 2035. However, effective treatment and control of the disease is being hindered by the emerging Multi-Drug Resistant and Extensively Drug Resistant strains on the most effective first line prodrug, Pyrazinamide (PZA). Studies have shown that the main cause of PZA resistance is due to mutations in the pncA gene that codes for the target protein Pyrazinamidase (PZase). Therefore, this study aimed to identify novel drug compounds that bind to the active site of wild type PZase and study the dynamics of these potential anti-TB drugs in the mutant systems of PZase. This approach will aid in identifying drugs that may be repurposed for TB therapy and/or designed to counteract PZA resistance. This was achieved by screening 2089 DrugBank compounds against the whole wild type (WT) PZase protein in molecular docking using AutoDOCK4.2. Compound screening based on docking binding energy, hydrogen bonds, molecular weight and active site proximity identified 47 compounds meeting all the set selection criteria. The stability of these compounds were analysed in Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulations and were further studied in PZase mutant systems of A3P, A134V, A146V, D8G, D49A, D49G, D63G, H51P, H137R, L85R, L116R, Q10P, R140S, T61P, V139M and Y103S. Generally, mutant-ligand systems displayed little deviation from the WT systems. The compound systems remained compact, with less fluctuations and more hydrogen bond interactions throughout the simulation (DB00255, DB00655, DB00672, DB00782, DB00977, DB01196, DB04573, DB06414, DB08981, DB11181, DB11760, DB13867, DB13952). From this research study, potential drugs that may be repurposed for TB therapy were identified. Majority of these drugs are currently used in the treatment of hypertension, menopause disorders and inflammation. To further understand the mutant-ligand dynamic systems, calculations such as Dynamic Residue Network (DRN) may be done. Also, the bioactivity of these drugs on Mycobacterium tuberculosis may be studied in wet laboratory, to understand their clinical impart in vivo experiments. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
In My Flesh : Fabricating the Bulimic Body
- Authors: Hodgson, Ashley
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Bulimia , Human body -- Social aspects , Human figure in art , Diseases in art , Art therapy
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/177317 , vital:42809
- Description: My MFA exhibition In My Flesh, explores my own personal experience of an eating disorder: bulimia nervosa, through the medium of sculpture and installation. Situated in the Fine Art Sculpture and Painting building on Rhodes University campus, this practical submission takes the form of a multi-sensory installation depicting the fleshy interior of a bulimic body. The sculptural works that make up the installation resemble enlarged bodily forms and cavities, namely the mouth; the oesophagus, the stomach; the intestines; and the flesh. These anatomical forms are made from fabric which has been melted, manipulated, and stained using food and other synthetic dyes. The arrangement of the sculptural components (parts of the body affected by bulimia) does not mirror the human body exactly, and their intentionally disordered placement creates a feeling of dis-ease and disturbance for the participant experiencing the installation. This mini-thesis, In My Flesh: Fabricating the Bulimic Body, unpacks the visual, tactile and audio elements of this practice as research submission as they relate to my interest in bodily boundaries, corporeal traces and material extensions. I look at these themes as they translate into installation, and discuss the way in which bulimia is experienced, theorised and represented. I position my work in relation to the concept of the abject as proposed by Julia Kristeva, and visually analyse artworks by Mona Hatoum, Heidi Bucher and Ernesto Neto who make use of immersive installation strategies that resonate with my own practice. This supporting document considers the three conceptual elements informing my installation: embodiment, space, and materiality. In the first chapter of this document: Embodying the Bulimic Body, I address bulimia as less open to visual interpretations than other eating disorders because of its secretive and hidden nature. I go on to frame the illness in relation to theories around bodily boundaries and abjection and argue that bulimia epitomises abjection. In Chapter Two: Architecture of the Bulimic Body I engage with the idea of architectural structures as having anatomic features. I interrogate how the body moves through space, leaving traces of itself behind. Chapter Three: Fabricating the Bulimic Body concentrates on the main medium used in In My Flesh: fabric. In my discussion of this material, I unpack its metaphoric and symbolic qualities, as well as its personal resonance with my own lived experience. , Thesis (MFA) -- Faculty of Humanities, Fine Art, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Hodgson, Ashley
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Bulimia , Human body -- Social aspects , Human figure in art , Diseases in art , Art therapy
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/177317 , vital:42809
- Description: My MFA exhibition In My Flesh, explores my own personal experience of an eating disorder: bulimia nervosa, through the medium of sculpture and installation. Situated in the Fine Art Sculpture and Painting building on Rhodes University campus, this practical submission takes the form of a multi-sensory installation depicting the fleshy interior of a bulimic body. The sculptural works that make up the installation resemble enlarged bodily forms and cavities, namely the mouth; the oesophagus, the stomach; the intestines; and the flesh. These anatomical forms are made from fabric which has been melted, manipulated, and stained using food and other synthetic dyes. The arrangement of the sculptural components (parts of the body affected by bulimia) does not mirror the human body exactly, and their intentionally disordered placement creates a feeling of dis-ease and disturbance for the participant experiencing the installation. This mini-thesis, In My Flesh: Fabricating the Bulimic Body, unpacks the visual, tactile and audio elements of this practice as research submission as they relate to my interest in bodily boundaries, corporeal traces and material extensions. I look at these themes as they translate into installation, and discuss the way in which bulimia is experienced, theorised and represented. I position my work in relation to the concept of the abject as proposed by Julia Kristeva, and visually analyse artworks by Mona Hatoum, Heidi Bucher and Ernesto Neto who make use of immersive installation strategies that resonate with my own practice. This supporting document considers the three conceptual elements informing my installation: embodiment, space, and materiality. In the first chapter of this document: Embodying the Bulimic Body, I address bulimia as less open to visual interpretations than other eating disorders because of its secretive and hidden nature. I go on to frame the illness in relation to theories around bodily boundaries and abjection and argue that bulimia epitomises abjection. In Chapter Two: Architecture of the Bulimic Body I engage with the idea of architectural structures as having anatomic features. I interrogate how the body moves through space, leaving traces of itself behind. Chapter Three: Fabricating the Bulimic Body concentrates on the main medium used in In My Flesh: fabric. In my discussion of this material, I unpack its metaphoric and symbolic qualities, as well as its personal resonance with my own lived experience. , Thesis (MFA) -- Faculty of Humanities, Fine Art, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Analysis of the regulation of HSP90α expression upon differentiation of C2C12 cells
- Authors: Holm, Nathan Christopher
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/163318 , vital:41028
- Description: Thesis (MSc)--Rhodes University, Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2020.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Holm, Nathan Christopher
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/163318 , vital:41028
- Description: Thesis (MSc)--Rhodes University, Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2020.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Selection for improved virulence of Cryptophlebia peltastica nucleopolyhedrovirus (CrpeNPV) to False Codling Moth, Thaumatotibia leucotreta, by serial passage through a heterologous host
- Authors: Iita, Petrus Paulus
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Cryptophlebia leucotreta -- Biological control , Biological pest control agents , Citrus -- Diseases and pests , Baculoviruses , Cryptophlebia peltastica nucleopolyhedrovirus (CrpeNPV)
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178180 , vital:42918
- Description: The false codling moth (FCM), Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is endemic to southern Africa, and strongly associated with citrus. As South African citrus production is mainly for export to foreign markets, the market access risk due to the phytosanitary status of this pest is considerable and its control is therefore imperative. Various control measures as part of a rigorous integrated pest management (IPM) programme targeted against T. leucotreta have been effective at suppressing the pest in citrus, but there is still a growing need for continued improvement of the programme and augmentation of the available control options. Of these control options, biological control, particularly the use of Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (CrleGV-SA), is a key component of IPM in citrus orchards and it has been very successful at reducing T. leucotreta populations in the field for almost two decades. There is however, a growing need for more baculovirus variants with an improved virulence against T. leucotreta for a more efficient pest management system. The newly identified insect virus, Cryptophlebia peltastica nucleopolyhedrovirus (CrpeNPV) offers a unique opportunity for an additional biopesticide in IPM for control of T. leucotreta in the field. This study aimed to conduct serial passaging of CrpeNPV through a heterologous host, T. leucotreta, in order to determine the potential for improved virulence or speed of kill against it. In order to select for a variant of CrpeNPV with improved virulence against T. leucotreta, a high dose (LC90) of the virus OBs was used to perform 12 serial passages through T. leucotreta larvae in surface-dose bioassays. Whole genome sequencing and analysis of the passaged virus, along with restriction endonuclease profiling in silico was performed to determine if the genetic identity of the virus had changed during serial passage, in relation to the original virus. These analyses indicated that the dominant genotype of CrpeNPV was maintained following 12 serial passages through the heterologous host. The biological activity of the passaged virus, along with the original virus was evaluated against neonate T. leucotreta in surface-dose bioassays and compared. Results from dose-response bioassays showed that the virulence of CrpeNPV did not improve after 12 serial passages. The LC50 values of the passaged virus and the original virus were estimated at 1.96 × 104 and 1.58 × 104 OBs/ml, respectively, whereas the LC90 values were estimated at 3.46 × 104 OBs/ml for the passaged virus and 3.68 × 104 for the original virus. Similarly, the results from time-response bioassays showed that the speed of kill of CrpeNPV did not improve after 12 serial passages. The LT50 values of the passaged virus and the original virus were 88.44 hours (3 days and 16 hours) and 83.74 hours (3 days and 12 hours), respectively, whereas the LT90 values were 115 hours (4 days 19 hours) for the passaged virus and 102 hours (4 days 6 hours) for the original virus. The virulence and speed of kill of the passaged virus decreased significantly, in relation to the original virus. When the full genome of the passaged virus was sequenced and analysed, only a few SNPs were detected in the viral genome, in comparison to the original virus. No detectable difference in REN digestion patterns were observed following REN analysis of gDNA of the passaged virus with several restriction enzymes in silico. The results for this study suggest that CrpeNPV may already be optimally suited to the heterologous host as it persists under these conditions without significant changes to the genome. These results have positive implications for the genetic integrity of CrpeNPV as a potential biocontrol agent in the field. This study is the first to report the virulence selection of CrpeNPV by serial passage through a heterologous host, and also the first to record bioassay data in terms of dose response (or lethal concentration) against T. leucotreta second instars. The data obtained have added to the knowledge about interactions between CrpeNPV and its heterologous host, and may be fundamental to continued investigation into the effect of serial passage on pathogenicity and genetic diversity of CrpeNPV. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Iita, Petrus Paulus
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Cryptophlebia leucotreta -- Biological control , Biological pest control agents , Citrus -- Diseases and pests , Baculoviruses , Cryptophlebia peltastica nucleopolyhedrovirus (CrpeNPV)
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178180 , vital:42918
- Description: The false codling moth (FCM), Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is endemic to southern Africa, and strongly associated with citrus. As South African citrus production is mainly for export to foreign markets, the market access risk due to the phytosanitary status of this pest is considerable and its control is therefore imperative. Various control measures as part of a rigorous integrated pest management (IPM) programme targeted against T. leucotreta have been effective at suppressing the pest in citrus, but there is still a growing need for continued improvement of the programme and augmentation of the available control options. Of these control options, biological control, particularly the use of Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (CrleGV-SA), is a key component of IPM in citrus orchards and it has been very successful at reducing T. leucotreta populations in the field for almost two decades. There is however, a growing need for more baculovirus variants with an improved virulence against T. leucotreta for a more efficient pest management system. The newly identified insect virus, Cryptophlebia peltastica nucleopolyhedrovirus (CrpeNPV) offers a unique opportunity for an additional biopesticide in IPM for control of T. leucotreta in the field. This study aimed to conduct serial passaging of CrpeNPV through a heterologous host, T. leucotreta, in order to determine the potential for improved virulence or speed of kill against it. In order to select for a variant of CrpeNPV with improved virulence against T. leucotreta, a high dose (LC90) of the virus OBs was used to perform 12 serial passages through T. leucotreta larvae in surface-dose bioassays. Whole genome sequencing and analysis of the passaged virus, along with restriction endonuclease profiling in silico was performed to determine if the genetic identity of the virus had changed during serial passage, in relation to the original virus. These analyses indicated that the dominant genotype of CrpeNPV was maintained following 12 serial passages through the heterologous host. The biological activity of the passaged virus, along with the original virus was evaluated against neonate T. leucotreta in surface-dose bioassays and compared. Results from dose-response bioassays showed that the virulence of CrpeNPV did not improve after 12 serial passages. The LC50 values of the passaged virus and the original virus were estimated at 1.96 × 104 and 1.58 × 104 OBs/ml, respectively, whereas the LC90 values were estimated at 3.46 × 104 OBs/ml for the passaged virus and 3.68 × 104 for the original virus. Similarly, the results from time-response bioassays showed that the speed of kill of CrpeNPV did not improve after 12 serial passages. The LT50 values of the passaged virus and the original virus were 88.44 hours (3 days and 16 hours) and 83.74 hours (3 days and 12 hours), respectively, whereas the LT90 values were 115 hours (4 days 19 hours) for the passaged virus and 102 hours (4 days 6 hours) for the original virus. The virulence and speed of kill of the passaged virus decreased significantly, in relation to the original virus. When the full genome of the passaged virus was sequenced and analysed, only a few SNPs were detected in the viral genome, in comparison to the original virus. No detectable difference in REN digestion patterns were observed following REN analysis of gDNA of the passaged virus with several restriction enzymes in silico. The results for this study suggest that CrpeNPV may already be optimally suited to the heterologous host as it persists under these conditions without significant changes to the genome. These results have positive implications for the genetic integrity of CrpeNPV as a potential biocontrol agent in the field. This study is the first to report the virulence selection of CrpeNPV by serial passage through a heterologous host, and also the first to record bioassay data in terms of dose response (or lethal concentration) against T. leucotreta second instars. The data obtained have added to the knowledge about interactions between CrpeNPV and its heterologous host, and may be fundamental to continued investigation into the effect of serial passage on pathogenicity and genetic diversity of CrpeNPV. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The South African income tax implications of transactions entered into to earn points for a Broad- Based Black Economic Empowerment scorecard, with reference to a selection of structures
- Authors: Jaga, Praksha
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Black Economic Empowerment (Program : South Africa) , South Africa. Income Tax Act, 1962 , Income tax -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Spendings tax -- South Africa , Tax deductions -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/177306 , vital:42808
- Description: This thesis discussed the South African income tax implications, in terms of the Income Tax Act, No. 58 of 1962, arising from complying with Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment requirements, and related principles established in case law. Various structures and transactions entered into for the purposes of earning points for the B-BBEE scorecard were identified. In the assessment of the deductibility of B-BBEE expenditure in terms of the preamble to section 11, section 11(a) and section 23(g) of the Act, it was highlighted that, in the South African economic environment, B-BBEE compliance represents a competitive advantage for entities. In addition, many South African organisations are required to comply with B-BBEE requirements for legal and regulatory purposes. The analysis of the deductibility of B-BBEE expenditure revealed that taxpayers that incur this expenditure would be carrying on a trade or commencing to do so. It was also concluded that B-BBEE expenditure is incurred in the production of income and would generally not be capital in nature, except in certain circumstances, in which case the Act provides certain allowances. Any deduction will only be allowed in the year of assessment in which the expenditure is actually incurred, or when the taxpayer incurs an unconditional legal obligation. This thesis explored several alternatives to achieve the requirements of the ownership element of B-BBEE and highlighted the income tax implications that arise because of these structures. It was also observed that there are a number of incentives in the Act that could be beneficial to taxpayers seeking to earn points for the remaining elements of the B-BBEE scorecard. A legal interpretive approach, in particular a doctrinal research methodology, was adopted in carrying out this research. This research concluded that the Act facilitates most of the B-BBEE transactions and structures, but due to the complex and sometimes uncertain nature of the tax consequences of B-BBEE transactions and structures, there is a need for further guidance in this area of tax law. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Commerce, Accounting, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Jaga, Praksha
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Black Economic Empowerment (Program : South Africa) , South Africa. Income Tax Act, 1962 , Income tax -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Spendings tax -- South Africa , Tax deductions -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/177306 , vital:42808
- Description: This thesis discussed the South African income tax implications, in terms of the Income Tax Act, No. 58 of 1962, arising from complying with Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment requirements, and related principles established in case law. Various structures and transactions entered into for the purposes of earning points for the B-BBEE scorecard were identified. In the assessment of the deductibility of B-BBEE expenditure in terms of the preamble to section 11, section 11(a) and section 23(g) of the Act, it was highlighted that, in the South African economic environment, B-BBEE compliance represents a competitive advantage for entities. In addition, many South African organisations are required to comply with B-BBEE requirements for legal and regulatory purposes. The analysis of the deductibility of B-BBEE expenditure revealed that taxpayers that incur this expenditure would be carrying on a trade or commencing to do so. It was also concluded that B-BBEE expenditure is incurred in the production of income and would generally not be capital in nature, except in certain circumstances, in which case the Act provides certain allowances. Any deduction will only be allowed in the year of assessment in which the expenditure is actually incurred, or when the taxpayer incurs an unconditional legal obligation. This thesis explored several alternatives to achieve the requirements of the ownership element of B-BBEE and highlighted the income tax implications that arise because of these structures. It was also observed that there are a number of incentives in the Act that could be beneficial to taxpayers seeking to earn points for the remaining elements of the B-BBEE scorecard. A legal interpretive approach, in particular a doctrinal research methodology, was adopted in carrying out this research. This research concluded that the Act facilitates most of the B-BBEE transactions and structures, but due to the complex and sometimes uncertain nature of the tax consequences of B-BBEE transactions and structures, there is a need for further guidance in this area of tax law. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Commerce, Accounting, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04