A case for ethical frameworks to enhance mobile government implementation at South African municipalities
- Makwembere, Sandra, Garidzira, Rufaro
- Authors: Makwembere, Sandra , Garidzira, Rufaro
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Government Ethics Technology and state Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7170 , vital:53081 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/td.v17i1.826"
- Description: Interest in mobile government (m-government) is growing globally. Mobile government refers to the use of wireless and mobile technologies to deliver services to citizens, businesses, employees and other government entities. Presently, technological advancements take place despite questions on whether the existing policy and regulatory frameworks are suitable to regulate the effects of m-government. With m-government, municipal operations take place in virtual spaces where the consequences of such operations are still largely unknown and the frameworks that are apt to minimise any long-term effects on society are yet to be defined. This conceptual article suggests that ethical frameworks should be encouraged as part of mobile government implementation in municipalities to encourage reflective municipal practices and to improve judgement and behaviour in m-government decision-making. It contributes to debates on approaches to comprehensively support and guide mobile government towards positive municipal service delivery outcomes. Keywords: m-government; ethics; ethical frameworks; municipal service delivery; e-government; mobile technology
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Makwembere, Sandra , Garidzira, Rufaro
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Government Ethics Technology and state Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7170 , vital:53081 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/td.v17i1.826"
- Description: Interest in mobile government (m-government) is growing globally. Mobile government refers to the use of wireless and mobile technologies to deliver services to citizens, businesses, employees and other government entities. Presently, technological advancements take place despite questions on whether the existing policy and regulatory frameworks are suitable to regulate the effects of m-government. With m-government, municipal operations take place in virtual spaces where the consequences of such operations are still largely unknown and the frameworks that are apt to minimise any long-term effects on society are yet to be defined. This conceptual article suggests that ethical frameworks should be encouraged as part of mobile government implementation in municipalities to encourage reflective municipal practices and to improve judgement and behaviour in m-government decision-making. It contributes to debates on approaches to comprehensively support and guide mobile government towards positive municipal service delivery outcomes. Keywords: m-government; ethics; ethical frameworks; municipal service delivery; e-government; mobile technology
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
A framework to test South Africa’s readiness for the fourth industrial revolution
- Olaitan, Olutoyin O., Issah, Moshood, Wayi, Ntombovuyo
- Authors: Olaitan, Olutoyin O. , Issah, Moshood , Wayi, Ntombovuyo
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Industry 4.0 Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7153 , vital:53072 , xlink:href=" https://doi.org/10.4102/sajim.v23i1.1284"
- Description: Background: The fourth industrial revolution (4IR) is being touted as having the capacity to lift South Africa out of the challenges of poverty, unemployment and inequitable distribution of wealth. However, the state of the country’s readiness for the enabling technologies of the 4IR is in question. Objective: This article sought to investigate South Africa’s state of readiness for the technologies that enable the 4IR. The article proposed a framework which can be used to measure the country’s level of preparedness and implement the necessary processes to move the country into the 4IR era. Method: A detailed analysis of literature was carried out on the current and futuristic technologies employed by developed countries as they moved towards the 4IR. The fit – viability and the task – technology theories were employed to propose a framework to government for measuring its state of readiness for the 4IR in South Africa. Results: Based on findings from the literature study, the article proposed the 4IR readiness framework for government to measure and subsequently plans its response to the advent of 4IR technologies in the country. Conclusion: The framework revealed that South Africa has low technological capability, plummeting economic complexity and a fall in digital technological readiness. There is also a dearth of skilled workforce and technological infrastructure. It was recommended that government should focus on building and strengthening the resilience of both public and private institutions, investment in relevant 4IR education, infrastructural improvement, and promulgation and enforcement of legal framework to ensure security and privacy of data. Keywords: 4IR; task – technology; fit – viability; digital technology readiness; economic complexity
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Olaitan, Olutoyin O. , Issah, Moshood , Wayi, Ntombovuyo
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Industry 4.0 Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7153 , vital:53072 , xlink:href=" https://doi.org/10.4102/sajim.v23i1.1284"
- Description: Background: The fourth industrial revolution (4IR) is being touted as having the capacity to lift South Africa out of the challenges of poverty, unemployment and inequitable distribution of wealth. However, the state of the country’s readiness for the enabling technologies of the 4IR is in question. Objective: This article sought to investigate South Africa’s state of readiness for the technologies that enable the 4IR. The article proposed a framework which can be used to measure the country’s level of preparedness and implement the necessary processes to move the country into the 4IR era. Method: A detailed analysis of literature was carried out on the current and futuristic technologies employed by developed countries as they moved towards the 4IR. The fit – viability and the task – technology theories were employed to propose a framework to government for measuring its state of readiness for the 4IR in South Africa. Results: Based on findings from the literature study, the article proposed the 4IR readiness framework for government to measure and subsequently plans its response to the advent of 4IR technologies in the country. Conclusion: The framework revealed that South Africa has low technological capability, plummeting economic complexity and a fall in digital technological readiness. There is also a dearth of skilled workforce and technological infrastructure. It was recommended that government should focus on building and strengthening the resilience of both public and private institutions, investment in relevant 4IR education, infrastructural improvement, and promulgation and enforcement of legal framework to ensure security and privacy of data. Keywords: 4IR; task – technology; fit – viability; digital technology readiness; economic complexity
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
Antipsychotic use in a resource-limited setting: Findings in an Eastern Cape psychiatric hospital
- Authors: Ingrid Eloff
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Journal
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/5685 , vital:44630
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ingrid Eloff
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Journal
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/5685 , vital:44630
- Full Text:
Barriers to access second-trimester abortion: A case report
- Authors: Ramprakash Kaswa
- Date: 2021
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/3330 , vital:43314 , https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v63i1.5028
- Description: Despite the implementation of the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy (CTOP) Act, many women continue to procure illegal abortions in South Africa. A lack of knowledge of the CTOP Act and poor access to legal abortion in public health facilities is a big challenge. In the scope of the CTOP Act, the termination of pregnancy is a time-restricted health service, and women presented to a health care facility in the second trimester have encounter more obstacles to access the services. Keywords: Abortion; termination of pregnancy; CTOP Act; Illegal; Second Trimester.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Ramprakash Kaswa
- Date: 2021
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/3330 , vital:43314 , https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v63i1.5028
- Description: Despite the implementation of the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy (CTOP) Act, many women continue to procure illegal abortions in South Africa. A lack of knowledge of the CTOP Act and poor access to legal abortion in public health facilities is a big challenge. In the scope of the CTOP Act, the termination of pregnancy is a time-restricted health service, and women presented to a health care facility in the second trimester have encounter more obstacles to access the services. Keywords: Abortion; termination of pregnancy; CTOP Act; Illegal; Second Trimester.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
Body dysmorphic disorder: A diagnostic challenge in adolescence
- Thungana, Yanga, Moxley, Karis, Lachman, Anusha
- Authors: Thungana, Yanga , Moxley, Karis , Lachman, Anusha
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: Journal Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4831 , vital:44284
- Full Text:
- Authors: Thungana, Yanga , Moxley, Karis , Lachman, Anusha
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: Journal Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4831 , vital:44284
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Clinical outcomes of hospitalised COVID-19 patients at Mthatha Regional Hospital, Eastern Cape, South Africa: A retrospective study
- Kaswa, Ramprakash, Yogeswaran, Parimalaranie, Cawe, Busisiwe
- Authors: Kaswa, Ramprakash , Yogeswaran, Parimalaranie , Cawe, Busisiwe
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: COVID-19 Diabetes Hypertension Diseases Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7330 , vital:53402 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v63i1.5253"
- Description: Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a public health crisis that threatens the current health system. The sudden expansion in the need for inpatient and intensive care facilities raised concerns about optimal clinical management and resource allocation. Despite the pressing need for evidence to make context-specific decisions on COVID-19 management, evidence from South Africa remained limited. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 hospitalised patients. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate the clinical outcomes of hospitalised adult patients (≥ 18 years old) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 illness at Mthatha Regional Hospital (MRH), Eastern Cape. Results: Of the 1814 patients tested for COVID-19 between 20 March 2020 and 31 July 2020 at MRH, two-thirds (65.4%) were female. About two-thirds (242) of the 392 patients (21.6%) who tested positive for this disease were hospitalised and one-third (150) were quarantined at home. The mean age of the patients tested for COVID-19 was 42.6 years and there was no difference between males and females. The mean age of hospitalised patients was 55.5 years and the mean age of hospitalised patients who died (61.3 years) was much higher than recovered (49.5 years). Overall, 188 (77.6%) hospitalised patients had clinical comorbidity on admission. Diabetes (36.8%) and hypertension (33.1%) were the most common comorbidities amongst COVID-19 hospitalised patients. Conclusion: The majority of the patients who were hospitalised for COVID-19 were elderly and had high baseline comorbidities. Advance age and underlying comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension and HIV) were associated with high mortality in hospitalised COVID-19 patients. Keywords: COVID-19, diabetes; hypertension; hospitalised; co-morbidity.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Kaswa, Ramprakash , Yogeswaran, Parimalaranie , Cawe, Busisiwe
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: COVID-19 Diabetes Hypertension Diseases Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7330 , vital:53402 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v63i1.5253"
- Description: Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a public health crisis that threatens the current health system. The sudden expansion in the need for inpatient and intensive care facilities raised concerns about optimal clinical management and resource allocation. Despite the pressing need for evidence to make context-specific decisions on COVID-19 management, evidence from South Africa remained limited. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 hospitalised patients. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate the clinical outcomes of hospitalised adult patients (≥ 18 years old) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 illness at Mthatha Regional Hospital (MRH), Eastern Cape. Results: Of the 1814 patients tested for COVID-19 between 20 March 2020 and 31 July 2020 at MRH, two-thirds (65.4%) were female. About two-thirds (242) of the 392 patients (21.6%) who tested positive for this disease were hospitalised and one-third (150) were quarantined at home. The mean age of the patients tested for COVID-19 was 42.6 years and there was no difference between males and females. The mean age of hospitalised patients was 55.5 years and the mean age of hospitalised patients who died (61.3 years) was much higher than recovered (49.5 years). Overall, 188 (77.6%) hospitalised patients had clinical comorbidity on admission. Diabetes (36.8%) and hypertension (33.1%) were the most common comorbidities amongst COVID-19 hospitalised patients. Conclusion: The majority of the patients who were hospitalised for COVID-19 were elderly and had high baseline comorbidities. Advance age and underlying comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension and HIV) were associated with high mortality in hospitalised COVID-19 patients. Keywords: COVID-19, diabetes; hypertension; hospitalised; co-morbidity.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
Deconstructing the Challenges of COVID-19 on First-Year Rural University Students in South Africa
- Authors: Omodan, Bunmi Isaiah
- Date: 2021 -12
- Subjects: COVID-1 (Desease) College freshmen Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7664 , vital:54733 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.51415/ajims.v3i1.930"
- Description: Assumptions and facts exist about the various challenges rural learners face when transitioning into university education in South Africa due to the pedagogical differences between secondary and university education. However, the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic compounded the transitioning challenges of students because most of the universities, especially the selected university, utilise online learning, which is alien to first-year students who are transitioning from rural high schools to the university. This study explores the challenges and solutions associated with first-year students transitioning to a new level of education during the COVID-19 pandemic. An asset-based approach was used to theorise the study within the Transformative Paradigm (TP), while Participatory Research (PR) was used to design the study. These are relevant because both TP and PR are targeted towards transforming people’s predicaments. The participants consisted of ten first-year students selected using a convenient sampling technique. Data was collected using electronic interviews such as email, WhatsApp messages, and phone calls. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. The study revealed that first-year rural university students’ inability to use online learning tools effectively and unstable internet connections in the rural community are major challenges. The study, therefore, concludes that the provision of internet access and students’ readiness for adaptability are the possible solutions. Keywords: COVID-19; first-year students; rural communities; rural university
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021 -12
- Authors: Omodan, Bunmi Isaiah
- Date: 2021 -12
- Subjects: COVID-1 (Desease) College freshmen Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7664 , vital:54733 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.51415/ajims.v3i1.930"
- Description: Assumptions and facts exist about the various challenges rural learners face when transitioning into university education in South Africa due to the pedagogical differences between secondary and university education. However, the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic compounded the transitioning challenges of students because most of the universities, especially the selected university, utilise online learning, which is alien to first-year students who are transitioning from rural high schools to the university. This study explores the challenges and solutions associated with first-year students transitioning to a new level of education during the COVID-19 pandemic. An asset-based approach was used to theorise the study within the Transformative Paradigm (TP), while Participatory Research (PR) was used to design the study. These are relevant because both TP and PR are targeted towards transforming people’s predicaments. The participants consisted of ten first-year students selected using a convenient sampling technique. Data was collected using electronic interviews such as email, WhatsApp messages, and phone calls. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. The study revealed that first-year rural university students’ inability to use online learning tools effectively and unstable internet connections in the rural community are major challenges. The study, therefore, concludes that the provision of internet access and students’ readiness for adaptability are the possible solutions. Keywords: COVID-19; first-year students; rural communities; rural university
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021 -12
Doctors’ practice and attitudes towards red blood cell transfusion at Mthatha Regional Hospital, Eastern Cape, South Africa: A mixed methods study
- O’Mahony, Don, Adedayo, Temitope, Adeleke, Olukayode
- Authors: O’Mahony, Don , Adedayo, Temitope , Adeleke, Olukayode
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Physicians Erythrocytes--Transfusion Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7989 , vital:57871 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v13i1.2889"
- Description: Background: Unnecessary blood transfusion exposes recipients to potential harms. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe blood transfusion practice and explore doctors’ attitudes towards transfusion. Setting: A hospital providing level 1 and 2 services. Methods: A mixed-methods study design was used. In the cross-sectional descriptive component, a sample was taken from patients transfused over a 2-month period. Blood use was categorised as for medical anaemia or haemorrhage, and appropriate or not. The qualitative component comprised a purposeful sample for focus group and individual semistructured interviews. Results: Of 239 patients sampled, 62% were transfused for medical anaemia and 38% for haemorrhage. In the medical anaemia group, compliance with age-appropriate transfusion thresholds was 69%. In medical anaemia and haemorrhage, 114 (77%) and 85 (93.4%) of recipients had orders for ≥ 2 red blood cell (RBC) units, respectively. In adults ≥ 18 years old with medical anaemia, 47.1% of orders would have resulted in a haemoglobin (Hb) > 8 g/dL. Six doctors participated in focus group and eleven in individual interviews. There was a lack of awareness of institutional transfusion guidelines, disagreement on appropriate RBC transfusion thresholds and comments that more than one RBC unit should always be transfused. Factors informing decisions to transfuse included advice from senior colleagues, relieving symptoms of anaemia and high product costs. Conclusion: Most orders were for two or more units. In medical anaemia, doctors’ compliance with RBC transfusion thresholds was reasonable; however, almost half of the orders would have resulted in overtransfusion. The attitudes of doctors sampled suggest that their transfusion practice is influenced more by institutional values than formal guidelines. Keywords: red blood cell transfusion; doctors’ attitudes; doctors’ practice; transfusion thresholds; overtransfusion; descriptive study; qualitative study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: O’Mahony, Don , Adedayo, Temitope , Adeleke, Olukayode
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Physicians Erythrocytes--Transfusion Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7989 , vital:57871 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v13i1.2889"
- Description: Background: Unnecessary blood transfusion exposes recipients to potential harms. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe blood transfusion practice and explore doctors’ attitudes towards transfusion. Setting: A hospital providing level 1 and 2 services. Methods: A mixed-methods study design was used. In the cross-sectional descriptive component, a sample was taken from patients transfused over a 2-month period. Blood use was categorised as for medical anaemia or haemorrhage, and appropriate or not. The qualitative component comprised a purposeful sample for focus group and individual semistructured interviews. Results: Of 239 patients sampled, 62% were transfused for medical anaemia and 38% for haemorrhage. In the medical anaemia group, compliance with age-appropriate transfusion thresholds was 69%. In medical anaemia and haemorrhage, 114 (77%) and 85 (93.4%) of recipients had orders for ≥ 2 red blood cell (RBC) units, respectively. In adults ≥ 18 years old with medical anaemia, 47.1% of orders would have resulted in a haemoglobin (Hb) > 8 g/dL. Six doctors participated in focus group and eleven in individual interviews. There was a lack of awareness of institutional transfusion guidelines, disagreement on appropriate RBC transfusion thresholds and comments that more than one RBC unit should always be transfused. Factors informing decisions to transfuse included advice from senior colleagues, relieving symptoms of anaemia and high product costs. Conclusion: Most orders were for two or more units. In medical anaemia, doctors’ compliance with RBC transfusion thresholds was reasonable; however, almost half of the orders would have resulted in overtransfusion. The attitudes of doctors sampled suggest that their transfusion practice is influenced more by institutional values than formal guidelines. Keywords: red blood cell transfusion; doctors’ attitudes; doctors’ practice; transfusion thresholds; overtransfusion; descriptive study; qualitative study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
Doctors’ practice and attitudes towards red blood cell transfusion at Mthatha Regional Hospital, Eastern Cape, South Africa: A mixed methods study
- Mabunda, Sikhumbuzo A, O’Mahony, Don, Adedayo, Temitope, Adeleke, Olukayode
- Authors: Mabunda, Sikhumbuzo A , O’Mahony, Don , Adedayo, Temitope , Adeleke, Olukayode
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Physicians Erythrocytes--Transfusion Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7216 , vital:53088 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v13i1.2889"
- Description: Background: Unnecessary blood transfusion exposes recipients to potential harms. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe blood transfusion practice and explore doctors’ attitudes towards transfusion. Setting: A hospital providing level 1 and 2 services. Methods: A mixed-methods study design was used. In the cross-sectional descriptive component, a sample was taken from patients transfused over a 2-month period. Blood use was categorised as for medical anaemia or haemorrhage, and appropriate or not. The qualitative component comprised a purposeful sample for focus group and individual semistructured interviews. Results: Of 239 patients sampled, 62% were transfused for medical anaemia and 38% for haemorrhage. In the medical anaemia group, compliance with age-appropriate transfusion thresholds was 69%. In medical anaemia and haemorrhage, 114 (77%) and 85 (93.4%) of recipients had orders for ≥ 2 red blood cell (RBC) units, respectively. In adults ≥ 18 years old with medical anaemia, 47.1% of orders would have resulted in a haemoglobin (Hb) > 8 g/dL. Six doctors participated in focus group and eleven in individual interviews. There was a lack of awareness of institutional transfusion guidelines, disagreement on appropriate RBC transfusion thresholds and comments that more than one RBC unit should always be transfused. Factors informing decisions to transfuse included advice from senior colleagues, relieving symptoms of anaemia and high product costs. Conclusion: Most orders were for two or more units. In medical anaemia, doctors’ compliance with RBC transfusion thresholds was reasonable; however, almost half of the orders would have resulted in overtransfusion. The attitudes of doctors sampled suggest that their transfusion practice is influenced more by institutional values than formal guidelines. Keywords: red blood cell transfusion; doctors’ attitudes; doctors’ practice; transfusion thresholds; overtransfusion; descriptive study; qualitative study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Mabunda, Sikhumbuzo A , O’Mahony, Don , Adedayo, Temitope , Adeleke, Olukayode
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Physicians Erythrocytes--Transfusion Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7216 , vital:53088 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v13i1.2889"
- Description: Background: Unnecessary blood transfusion exposes recipients to potential harms. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe blood transfusion practice and explore doctors’ attitudes towards transfusion. Setting: A hospital providing level 1 and 2 services. Methods: A mixed-methods study design was used. In the cross-sectional descriptive component, a sample was taken from patients transfused over a 2-month period. Blood use was categorised as for medical anaemia or haemorrhage, and appropriate or not. The qualitative component comprised a purposeful sample for focus group and individual semistructured interviews. Results: Of 239 patients sampled, 62% were transfused for medical anaemia and 38% for haemorrhage. In the medical anaemia group, compliance with age-appropriate transfusion thresholds was 69%. In medical anaemia and haemorrhage, 114 (77%) and 85 (93.4%) of recipients had orders for ≥ 2 red blood cell (RBC) units, respectively. In adults ≥ 18 years old with medical anaemia, 47.1% of orders would have resulted in a haemoglobin (Hb) > 8 g/dL. Six doctors participated in focus group and eleven in individual interviews. There was a lack of awareness of institutional transfusion guidelines, disagreement on appropriate RBC transfusion thresholds and comments that more than one RBC unit should always be transfused. Factors informing decisions to transfuse included advice from senior colleagues, relieving symptoms of anaemia and high product costs. Conclusion: Most orders were for two or more units. In medical anaemia, doctors’ compliance with RBC transfusion thresholds was reasonable; however, almost half of the orders would have resulted in overtransfusion. The attitudes of doctors sampled suggest that their transfusion practice is influenced more by institutional values than formal guidelines. Keywords: red blood cell transfusion; doctors’ attitudes; doctors’ practice; transfusion thresholds; overtransfusion; descriptive study; qualitative study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
First-episode psychosis and substance use in an acute mental health unit
- Thungana, Yanga, Zingela, Zukiswa, van Wyk, Stefan
- Authors: Thungana, Yanga , Zingela, Zukiswa , van Wyk, Stefan
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: Journal Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4759 , vital:44187
- Full Text:
- Authors: Thungana, Yanga , Zingela, Zukiswa , van Wyk, Stefan
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: Journal Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4759 , vital:44187
- Full Text:
First-episode psychosis and substance use in Nelson Mandela Bay: Findings from an acute mental health unit
- Authors: Linda K. Tindimwebwa
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/3781 , vital:43946
- Full Text:
- Authors: Linda K. Tindimwebwa
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/3781 , vital:43946
- Full Text:
Implementing a total reward strategy in selected South African municipal organisations
- Patrick W. Bwowe, Newlin Marongwe
- Authors: Patrick W. Bwowe , Newlin Marongwe
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: Journal Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4233 , vital:44048
- Full Text:
- Authors: Patrick W. Bwowe , Newlin Marongwe
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: Journal Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4233 , vital:44048
- Full Text:
Is it just religious practice? Exploring patients’ reasons for choosing a faith-based primary health clinic over their local public sector primary health clinic
- Authors: James Porter
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Journal
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/5710 , vital:44632
- Full Text:
- Authors: James Porter
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Journal
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/5710 , vital:44632
- Full Text:
Malnutrition in children under the age of 5 years in a primary health care setting
- Kaswa, Ramprakash, Govender, Indiran, Rangiah, Selvandran, Nzaumvila, Doudou
- Authors: Kaswa, Ramprakash , Govender, Indiran , Rangiah, Selvandran , Nzaumvila, Doudou
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Obesity Malnutrition Dietary supplements Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7260 , vital:53106 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v63i1.5337"
- Description: In this study, we outlined the types of malnutrition amongst children, the causes of malnutrition intervention at the primary health care level and some recommendations to alleviate childhood malnutrition in South Africa. Keywords: obesity; severe acute malnutrition; individual factors; community level factors; dietary intervention.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Kaswa, Ramprakash , Govender, Indiran , Rangiah, Selvandran , Nzaumvila, Doudou
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Obesity Malnutrition Dietary supplements Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7260 , vital:53106 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v63i1.5337"
- Description: In this study, we outlined the types of malnutrition amongst children, the causes of malnutrition intervention at the primary health care level and some recommendations to alleviate childhood malnutrition in South Africa. Keywords: obesity; severe acute malnutrition; individual factors; community level factors; dietary intervention.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
Management approach of patients with violent and aggressive behaviour in a district hospital setting in South Africa
- Adeniyi, Oladele Vincent, Puzi, Ntandazo
- Authors: Adeniyi, Oladele Vincent , Puzi, Ntandazo
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: mental health Emergency medical services violennce Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7284 , vital:53108 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v63i1.5393"
- Description: Background: Given the physical and mental health consequences of tobacco use amongst individuals with mental illness, it was imperative to assess the burden of tobacco use in this population. Aim: This study examined the patterns and factors associated with tobacco use in individuals attending the outpatient unit. Setting: Cecilia Makiwane Hospital Mental Health Department in Eastern Cape province, South Africa. Methods: Lifetime (ever use) use and current use of any tobacco products were examined in a cross-sectional study of 390 individuals between March and June 2020. A logistic regression was fitted to determine the correlates of lifetime and current use of any tobacco products. Results: The rates of ever use and current use of tobacco products were 59.4% and 44.6%, respectively. Of the participants interviewed, lifetime tobacco use was more prevalent amongst individuals with schizophrenia (67.9%) and cannabis-induced disorders (97.3%) and lower in those with major depressive disorders (36.1%) and bipolar and related disorders (43.5%). Men were six times more likely to have ever used or currently use tobacco products in comparison to women. Also, those who had a salaried job or owned a business were over three times more likely to have ever used or currently use tobacco products compared with those receiving government social grants. Conclusions: The prevalence of tobacco use in this study was significantly higher than the general population in the Eastern Cape. Therefore, smoking prevention and cessation interventions targeted at the general population should target this often neglected sub-population in the region. Keywords: aggressive and violent behaviour; assisted user; emergency centres; involuntary user; Mental Health Care Act.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Adeniyi, Oladele Vincent , Puzi, Ntandazo
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: mental health Emergency medical services violennce Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7284 , vital:53108 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v63i1.5393"
- Description: Background: Given the physical and mental health consequences of tobacco use amongst individuals with mental illness, it was imperative to assess the burden of tobacco use in this population. Aim: This study examined the patterns and factors associated with tobacco use in individuals attending the outpatient unit. Setting: Cecilia Makiwane Hospital Mental Health Department in Eastern Cape province, South Africa. Methods: Lifetime (ever use) use and current use of any tobacco products were examined in a cross-sectional study of 390 individuals between March and June 2020. A logistic regression was fitted to determine the correlates of lifetime and current use of any tobacco products. Results: The rates of ever use and current use of tobacco products were 59.4% and 44.6%, respectively. Of the participants interviewed, lifetime tobacco use was more prevalent amongst individuals with schizophrenia (67.9%) and cannabis-induced disorders (97.3%) and lower in those with major depressive disorders (36.1%) and bipolar and related disorders (43.5%). Men were six times more likely to have ever used or currently use tobacco products in comparison to women. Also, those who had a salaried job or owned a business were over three times more likely to have ever used or currently use tobacco products compared with those receiving government social grants. Conclusions: The prevalence of tobacco use in this study was significantly higher than the general population in the Eastern Cape. Therefore, smoking prevention and cessation interventions targeted at the general population should target this often neglected sub-population in the region. Keywords: aggressive and violent behaviour; assisted user; emergency centres; involuntary user; Mental Health Care Act.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
Mastering your fellowship
- Klaus von Pressentin, Mergan Naidoo, Frederick Mayanja, Tasleem Ras
- Authors: Klaus von Pressentin , Mergan Naidoo , Frederick Mayanja , Tasleem Ras
- Date: 2021
- Language: English
- Type: Journal article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4024 , vital:43990
- Full Text:
- Authors: Klaus von Pressentin , Mergan Naidoo , Frederick Mayanja , Tasleem Ras
- Date: 2021
- Language: English
- Type: Journal article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4024 , vital:43990
- Full Text:
Patient acceptance of HIV testing services in rural emergency departments in South Africa
- Aditi Rao, Caitlin Kennedy, Pamela Mda, Thomas C. Quinn, David Stead, Bhakti Hansoti
- Authors: Aditi Rao , Caitlin Kennedy , Pamela Mda , Thomas C. Quinn , David Stead , Bhakti Hansoti
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/3270 , vital:43287 , https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v21i1.1105
- Description: Background: South Africa faces the highest burden of HIV infection globally. The National Strategic Plan on HIV recommends provider-initiated HIV counselling and testing (HCT) in all healthcare facilities. However, HIV continues to overwhelm the healthcare system. Emergency department (ED)-based HCT could address unmet testing needs. Objectives: This study examines the reasons for accepting or declining HCT in South African EDs to inform the development of HCT implementation strategies. Method: We conducted a prospective observational study in two rural EDs, from June to September 2017. Patients presenting to the ED were systematically approached and offered a point-of-care test in accordance with national guidelines. Patients demographics, presenting compaint, medical history and reasons for accepting/declining testing, were recorded. A pooled analysis is presented. Results: Across sites, 2074 adult, non-critical patients in the ED were approached; 1880 were enrolled in the study. Of those enrolled, 19.7% had a previously known positive diagnosis, and 80.3% were unaware of their HIV status. Of those unaware, 90% patients accepted and 10% declined testing. The primary reasons for declining testing were ‘does not want to know status’ (37.6%), ‘in too much pain’ (34%) and ‘does not believe they are at risk’ (19.9%). Conclusions: Despite national guidelines, a high proportion of individuals remain undiagnosed, of which a majority are young men. Our study demonstrated high patient acceptance of ED-based HCT. There is a need for investment and innovation regarding effective pain management and confidential service delivery to address patient barriers. Findings support a routine, non-targeted HCT strategy in EDs. Keywords: HIV counselling and testing; South Africa; emergency department; patient acceptance; implementation research; linkage to care.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Aditi Rao , Caitlin Kennedy , Pamela Mda , Thomas C. Quinn , David Stead , Bhakti Hansoti
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/3270 , vital:43287 , https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v21i1.1105
- Description: Background: South Africa faces the highest burden of HIV infection globally. The National Strategic Plan on HIV recommends provider-initiated HIV counselling and testing (HCT) in all healthcare facilities. However, HIV continues to overwhelm the healthcare system. Emergency department (ED)-based HCT could address unmet testing needs. Objectives: This study examines the reasons for accepting or declining HCT in South African EDs to inform the development of HCT implementation strategies. Method: We conducted a prospective observational study in two rural EDs, from June to September 2017. Patients presenting to the ED were systematically approached and offered a point-of-care test in accordance with national guidelines. Patients demographics, presenting compaint, medical history and reasons for accepting/declining testing, were recorded. A pooled analysis is presented. Results: Across sites, 2074 adult, non-critical patients in the ED were approached; 1880 were enrolled in the study. Of those enrolled, 19.7% had a previously known positive diagnosis, and 80.3% were unaware of their HIV status. Of those unaware, 90% patients accepted and 10% declined testing. The primary reasons for declining testing were ‘does not want to know status’ (37.6%), ‘in too much pain’ (34%) and ‘does not believe they are at risk’ (19.9%). Conclusions: Despite national guidelines, a high proportion of individuals remain undiagnosed, of which a majority are young men. Our study demonstrated high patient acceptance of ED-based HCT. There is a need for investment and innovation regarding effective pain management and confidential service delivery to address patient barriers. Findings support a routine, non-targeted HCT strategy in EDs. Keywords: HIV counselling and testing; South Africa; emergency department; patient acceptance; implementation research; linkage to care.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Patient and provider attitudes to emergency department-based HIV counselling and testing in South Africa
- Authors: Bhakti Hansoti
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Journal
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/5705 , vital:44634
- Full Text:
- Authors: Bhakti Hansoti
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Journal
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/5705 , vital:44634
- Full Text:
Perceptions of teachers on creating space for code switching as a teaching strategy in second language teaching in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa
- Authors: Jacob M. Molepo
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Journal
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/5722 , vital:44635
- Full Text:
- Authors: Jacob M. Molepo
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Journal
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/5722 , vital:44635
- Full Text:
Prevalence and determinants of tobacco use amongst South African adults with mental illness in the Eastern Cape
- Tindimwebwa, Linda K, Ajayi, Anthony I, Adeniyi, Oladele Vincent
- Authors: Tindimwebwa, Linda K , Ajayi, Anthony I , Adeniyi, Oladele Vincent
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: mental health mental illiness tobacco use Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7278 , vital:53109 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v27i0.1637"
- Description: Background: Given the physical and mental health consequences of tobacco use amongst individuals with mental illness, it was imperative to assess the burden of tobacco use in this population. Aim: This study examined the patterns and factors associated with tobacco use in individuals attending the outpatient unit. Setting: Cecilia Makiwane Hospital Mental Health Department in Eastern Cape province, South Africa. Methods: Lifetime (ever use) use and current use of any tobacco products were examined in a cross-sectional study of 390 individuals between March and June 2020. A logistic regression was fitted to determine the correlates of lifetime and current use of any tobacco products. Results: The rates of ever use and current use of tobacco products were 59.4% and 44.6%, respectively. Of the participants interviewed, lifetime tobacco use was more prevalent amongst individuals with schizophrenia (67.9%) and cannabis-induced disorders (97.3%) and lower in those with major depressive disorders (36.1%) and bipolar and related disorders (43.5%). Men were six times more likely to have ever used or currently use tobacco products in comparison to women. Also, those who had a salaried job or owned a business were over three times more likely to have ever used or currently use tobacco products compared with those receiving government social grants. Conclusions: The prevalence of tobacco use in this study was significantly higher than the general population in the Eastern Cape. Therefore, smoking prevention and cessation interventions targeted at the general population should target this often neglected sub-population in the region. Keywords: Eastern Cape province; mental health users; mental illness; South Africa; tobacco use.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Tindimwebwa, Linda K , Ajayi, Anthony I , Adeniyi, Oladele Vincent
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: mental health mental illiness tobacco use Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7278 , vital:53109 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v27i0.1637"
- Description: Background: Given the physical and mental health consequences of tobacco use amongst individuals with mental illness, it was imperative to assess the burden of tobacco use in this population. Aim: This study examined the patterns and factors associated with tobacco use in individuals attending the outpatient unit. Setting: Cecilia Makiwane Hospital Mental Health Department in Eastern Cape province, South Africa. Methods: Lifetime (ever use) use and current use of any tobacco products were examined in a cross-sectional study of 390 individuals between March and June 2020. A logistic regression was fitted to determine the correlates of lifetime and current use of any tobacco products. Results: The rates of ever use and current use of tobacco products were 59.4% and 44.6%, respectively. Of the participants interviewed, lifetime tobacco use was more prevalent amongst individuals with schizophrenia (67.9%) and cannabis-induced disorders (97.3%) and lower in those with major depressive disorders (36.1%) and bipolar and related disorders (43.5%). Men were six times more likely to have ever used or currently use tobacco products in comparison to women. Also, those who had a salaried job or owned a business were over three times more likely to have ever used or currently use tobacco products compared with those receiving government social grants. Conclusions: The prevalence of tobacco use in this study was significantly higher than the general population in the Eastern Cape. Therefore, smoking prevention and cessation interventions targeted at the general population should target this often neglected sub-population in the region. Keywords: Eastern Cape province; mental health users; mental illness; South Africa; tobacco use.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021