The effect of tricyclic antidepressant drugs on the uptake and metabolism of serotonin by the pineal gland in organ culture
- Authors: Pillay, Manoranjenni
- Date: 1983 , 2013-04-05
- Subjects: Antidepressants , Pineal gland -- Metabolsim , Serotonin
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3828 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007053 , Antidepressants , Pineal gland -- Metabolsim , Serotonin
- Description: The effect of tricyclic antidepressants (TADs) on a variety of pineal functions was assessed. TADs affected the uptake of ³H-5HT into bovine pineal slices within a particular concentration range of these drugs, DESI, CLOMI and IMI appeared to inhibit uptake slightly, within a limited concentration range. Surprisingly, DESI appeared to be a relatively potent 5HT uptake inhibitor. The 5-HT re-uptake system in the pineal probably differes from that in brain tissue. TADs had a marked effect on the metabolism of ³H-5HT in the rat pineal, in an organ culture system, MEL and N-acetylserotonin synthesis increased for the first 11 days and thereafter a slight decrease was observed. HTOH and HIAA also showed an initial increase followed by a slight decrease in synthesis. The synthesis of MTOH and MIAA was decreased. The possibility that TADs could affect HIOMT and SNAT synthesis and thereby change the metabolic pattern of 5-HT was investigated. TADs appeared to stimulate SNAT initially and thereafter a slight decrease from peak activity was observed. This is probably due to stimulation followed by development of subsensitivity of β-receptors, HIOMT activity also appeared to be affected by TADs. The existence of two types of HIOMT is suggested. There is a possibility that these changes in the metabolism of 5-HT could be implicated in the mechanism of action of TADs. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1983
- Authors: Pillay, Manoranjenni
- Date: 1983 , 2013-04-05
- Subjects: Antidepressants , Pineal gland -- Metabolsim , Serotonin
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3828 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007053 , Antidepressants , Pineal gland -- Metabolsim , Serotonin
- Description: The effect of tricyclic antidepressants (TADs) on a variety of pineal functions was assessed. TADs affected the uptake of ³H-5HT into bovine pineal slices within a particular concentration range of these drugs, DESI, CLOMI and IMI appeared to inhibit uptake slightly, within a limited concentration range. Surprisingly, DESI appeared to be a relatively potent 5HT uptake inhibitor. The 5-HT re-uptake system in the pineal probably differes from that in brain tissue. TADs had a marked effect on the metabolism of ³H-5HT in the rat pineal, in an organ culture system, MEL and N-acetylserotonin synthesis increased for the first 11 days and thereafter a slight decrease was observed. HTOH and HIAA also showed an initial increase followed by a slight decrease in synthesis. The synthesis of MTOH and MIAA was decreased. The possibility that TADs could affect HIOMT and SNAT synthesis and thereby change the metabolic pattern of 5-HT was investigated. TADs appeared to stimulate SNAT initially and thereafter a slight decrease from peak activity was observed. This is probably due to stimulation followed by development of subsensitivity of β-receptors, HIOMT activity also appeared to be affected by TADs. The existence of two types of HIOMT is suggested. There is a possibility that these changes in the metabolism of 5-HT could be implicated in the mechanism of action of TADs. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1983
The evaluation of melatonin as a possible antidepressive
- Authors: Skene, Debra Jean
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Melatonin , Antidepressants
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3728 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001465
- Description: Melatonin, a hormone of the pineal gland, was evaluated in a variety of animal models of depression. Measurements of the frog righting reflex and rat locomotor activity showed that low doses of melatonin have a serotonin-like potentiating effect following monoamine oxidase inhibition. High doses of melatonin caused a reduction in the duration of rat immobility in the Porsolt model of depression and exerted a chlorpromazine-like effect on conditioned avoidance behaviour. In view of the indoleamine hypothesis of depressive disorders, the possibility of melatonin being a potential antidepressive is discussed and it is concluded that melatonin might be useful in the treatment of "agitated" depressions
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Skene, Debra Jean
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Melatonin , Antidepressants
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3728 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001465
- Description: Melatonin, a hormone of the pineal gland, was evaluated in a variety of animal models of depression. Measurements of the frog righting reflex and rat locomotor activity showed that low doses of melatonin have a serotonin-like potentiating effect following monoamine oxidase inhibition. High doses of melatonin caused a reduction in the duration of rat immobility in the Porsolt model of depression and exerted a chlorpromazine-like effect on conditioned avoidance behaviour. In view of the indoleamine hypothesis of depressive disorders, the possibility of melatonin being a potential antidepressive is discussed and it is concluded that melatonin might be useful in the treatment of "agitated" depressions
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
The study of the potentiation of anticholinergic side effects of tricyclic antidepressives by female sex steroids
- Authors: Kok, Eric Charl
- Date: 1981
- Subjects: Antidepressants , Steroid hormones
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3822 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005623 , Antidepressants , Steroid hormones
- Description: It has been recorded that women respond to tricyclic antidepressives with a greater incidence of anticholinergic side effects than men do, particularly women taking an exogenous source of oestrogen. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence that ethinyl oestradiol and Premarin© had on the metabolism of a number of tricyclic antidepressives, and also the influence they had on the binding ability of microsomes to imipramine. Rat hepatocyctes and microsomes were used. Detection techniques used were High Pressure Liquid Chromatography and Spectrophotometry respectively. In addition to these studies, a study of the anticholinergic activity of Nomifensine, tricyclic antidepressives and their derivatives was performed on a rat jujenum. Results conclusively showed that ethinyl oestradiol had a marked influence on the metabolism of the tricyclic antidepressives studied. Premarin© had Iittle, if any influence. However, both ethinyl oestradiol and Premarin© affected the binding of microsomes to imipramine, but ethinyl oestradiol had the greater effect. The parent compound in each case exhibited a higher pAZ value. Results indicate that a possible explanation for the increased anticholinergic side effect is due to an inhibition of the metabolism of the tricyclic antidepressives by oestrogen.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1981
- Authors: Kok, Eric Charl
- Date: 1981
- Subjects: Antidepressants , Steroid hormones
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3822 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005623 , Antidepressants , Steroid hormones
- Description: It has been recorded that women respond to tricyclic antidepressives with a greater incidence of anticholinergic side effects than men do, particularly women taking an exogenous source of oestrogen. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence that ethinyl oestradiol and Premarin© had on the metabolism of a number of tricyclic antidepressives, and also the influence they had on the binding ability of microsomes to imipramine. Rat hepatocyctes and microsomes were used. Detection techniques used were High Pressure Liquid Chromatography and Spectrophotometry respectively. In addition to these studies, a study of the anticholinergic activity of Nomifensine, tricyclic antidepressives and their derivatives was performed on a rat jujenum. Results conclusively showed that ethinyl oestradiol had a marked influence on the metabolism of the tricyclic antidepressives studied. Premarin© had Iittle, if any influence. However, both ethinyl oestradiol and Premarin© affected the binding of microsomes to imipramine, but ethinyl oestradiol had the greater effect. The parent compound in each case exhibited a higher pAZ value. Results indicate that a possible explanation for the increased anticholinergic side effect is due to an inhibition of the metabolism of the tricyclic antidepressives by oestrogen.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1981
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