Tankatara bushveld, Sunday's River, Port Elizabeth
- Authors: Vanderplank, Helen J
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Aloe ferox -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Plants -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Type: still image
- Identifier: vital:13250 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016343
- Description: Woman preparing Aloe ferox leaves for piling in order to induce juice-flow in the tapping process.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Vanderplank, Helen J
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Aloe ferox -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Plants -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Type: still image
- Identifier: vital:13250 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016343
- Description: Woman preparing Aloe ferox leaves for piling in order to induce juice-flow in the tapping process.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
Mzeno
- Venancio Mbande and the Timbila orchestra, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and the Timbila orchestra , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- Music , Folk music -- South Africa , Xylophone (Musical instrument) , Rattle (Musical instruments) , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa South Africa Wildebeesfontein f-za
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/98939 , vital:31646 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC077a-01
- Description: This dance was played for David Webster who was an anthropologist at Wits University and he was murdered by the apartheid regime in SA and he used to work in the Chopiland, Mozambique
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and the Timbila orchestra , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- Music , Folk music -- South Africa , Xylophone (Musical instrument) , Rattle (Musical instruments) , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa South Africa Wildebeesfontein f-za
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/98939 , vital:31646 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC077a-01
- Description: This dance was played for David Webster who was an anthropologist at Wits University and he was murdered by the apartheid regime in SA and he used to work in the Chopiland, Mozambique
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
The Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) : part of a whole or a cover?
- Authors: Lubbe, Ingrid Lisa
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Southern African Development Coordination Conference
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2753 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002000
- Description: The object of this analysis of the Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) was to examine the interaction between the states which comprise the organisation in terms of regional and international factors which either facilitated or constrained the pursuit of the organisation's economic goals. To this end a theoretical orientation which would place the organisation in context of regional and international political and economic interaction was necessary. International regime theory was used to place the organisation in an international context, and at the same time provided a theoretical dimension which could be used to analyse empirical evidence on the SADCC organisation's functioning. The application of regime theory clearly highlighted the fact that SADCC's economic goals are constrained by the degree to which all of the SADCC states are integrated on the economic level with western market economy and furthermore , by the fact that these links are reinforced for seven of the nine SADCC states by their economic dependence on South Africa. The above conclusion showed that in terms of the perpetuation of the SADCC organisation as an economic regime, according to the regime theory outlined in Chapter One, the goals of SADCC did not create a firm basis for economic cooperation in the long term. The future of the SADCC organisation in it's present form will depend on how long the racial policies of South Africa continue, for the analysis makes clear that the organisation has much more political than economic coherency. The use of a regime framework showed that in terms of the SADCC states individual economic positions, the historical and structural links between South Africa, the majority of the SADCC states and the West will continue indefinitely due to the strength of the structural economic links between the Southern African region and the western market economy. Thus the analysis proves, within the parameters of international regime theory, the lack of economic coherency within the SADCC organisation's goals, and the strength of the economic ties between the Southern African region and the West.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Lubbe, Ingrid Lisa
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Southern African Development Coordination Conference
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2753 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002000
- Description: The object of this analysis of the Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) was to examine the interaction between the states which comprise the organisation in terms of regional and international factors which either facilitated or constrained the pursuit of the organisation's economic goals. To this end a theoretical orientation which would place the organisation in context of regional and international political and economic interaction was necessary. International regime theory was used to place the organisation in an international context, and at the same time provided a theoretical dimension which could be used to analyse empirical evidence on the SADCC organisation's functioning. The application of regime theory clearly highlighted the fact that SADCC's economic goals are constrained by the degree to which all of the SADCC states are integrated on the economic level with western market economy and furthermore , by the fact that these links are reinforced for seven of the nine SADCC states by their economic dependence on South Africa. The above conclusion showed that in terms of the perpetuation of the SADCC organisation as an economic regime, according to the regime theory outlined in Chapter One, the goals of SADCC did not create a firm basis for economic cooperation in the long term. The future of the SADCC organisation in it's present form will depend on how long the racial policies of South Africa continue, for the analysis makes clear that the organisation has much more political than economic coherency. The use of a regime framework showed that in terms of the SADCC states individual economic positions, the historical and structural links between South Africa, the majority of the SADCC states and the West will continue indefinitely due to the strength of the structural economic links between the Southern African region and the western market economy. Thus the analysis proves, within the parameters of international regime theory, the lack of economic coherency within the SADCC organisation's goals, and the strength of the economic ties between the Southern African region and the West.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
Students' conceptions of simple D.C. electricity circuits: a study of primary, inappropriate conceptions, learning difficulties of physics students, and implications for instruction
- Authors: Jiya, Zindlovu
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Physical sciences -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5441 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001994
- Description: The work attempts to identify the general conceptual problems of the generations of Black students who pass through flrst year physics courses at the University of Fort Hare. In particular the alternative conceptions of students in the area of direct current electricity are investigated, using various techniques including written diagnostic tests. The main method used in the investigation of the student frameworks is the personal interview. A varied number of inappropriate conceptions are identifled in the students in significantly large proportions, and these are found to be dependent on many factors; for example the socio-cultural background like language and its metaphors, and media images. It is established that some of these are exacerbated by student perceptions about the nature of physics and of the scientific enterprise in general. Certain proposals are made about how to remedy the situation; relying mainly on the recently established innovative instructional strategies like conceptual change and cognitive conflict, and on making proposals about restructuring certain forms of presentation of the subject matter, paying attention to how language is used to address the speciflc problems of the students. The importance of providing practical experiences for the students is also emphasised
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Jiya, Zindlovu
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Physical sciences -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5441 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001994
- Description: The work attempts to identify the general conceptual problems of the generations of Black students who pass through flrst year physics courses at the University of Fort Hare. In particular the alternative conceptions of students in the area of direct current electricity are investigated, using various techniques including written diagnostic tests. The main method used in the investigation of the student frameworks is the personal interview. A varied number of inappropriate conceptions are identifled in the students in significantly large proportions, and these are found to be dependent on many factors; for example the socio-cultural background like language and its metaphors, and media images. It is established that some of these are exacerbated by student perceptions about the nature of physics and of the scientific enterprise in general. Certain proposals are made about how to remedy the situation; relying mainly on the recently established innovative instructional strategies like conceptual change and cognitive conflict, and on making proposals about restructuring certain forms of presentation of the subject matter, paying attention to how language is used to address the speciflc problems of the students. The importance of providing practical experiences for the students is also emphasised
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
Kamba wakwira moto
- Kambazite Makorekore, Mang'anja men, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Kambazite Makorekore , Mang'anja men , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Nyanja (African people) -- Malawi , Folk music -- Malawi , Percussion instruments -- Africa , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa Malawi Chileka f-sx
- Language: Nya
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75113 , vital:30375 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC016b-01
- Description: Traditional music accompanied by valimba xylophone and rattles.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Kambazite Makorekore , Mang'anja men , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Nyanja (African people) -- Malawi , Folk music -- Malawi , Percussion instruments -- Africa , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa Malawi Chileka f-sx
- Language: Nya
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75113 , vital:30375 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC016b-01
- Description: Traditional music accompanied by valimba xylophone and rattles.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
Zaina
- Saini Kamoya, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Saini Kamoya , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Nyanja (African people) -- Malawi , Folk music -- Malawi , Plucked instruments -- Africa , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa Malawi Singano village f-sx
- Language: Nya
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/74677 , vital:30327 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC014b-06
- Description: Traditional song with Bangwe zither accompaniment.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Saini Kamoya , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Nyanja (African people) -- Malawi , Folk music -- Malawi , Plucked instruments -- Africa , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa Malawi Singano village f-sx
- Language: Nya
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/74677 , vital:30327 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC014b-06
- Description: Traditional song with Bangwe zither accompaniment.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
Lewasi ndijarabasu
- Kambazite Makorekore, Three other players, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Kambazite Makorekore , Three other players , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Nyanja (African people) -- Malawi , Folk music -- Malawi , Percussion instruments -- Africa , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa Malawi Chileka f-sx
- Language: Nya
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75222 , vital:30388 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC017-04
- Description: Traditional song with valimba xylophone and rattles accompaniment.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Kambazite Makorekore , Three other players , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Nyanja (African people) -- Malawi , Folk music -- Malawi , Percussion instruments -- Africa , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa Malawi Chileka f-sx
- Language: Nya
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75222 , vital:30388 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC017-04
- Description: Traditional song with valimba xylophone and rattles accompaniment.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
The idea of gaiety in Yeats's lyric poetry
- Authors: Brady, Bronwyn
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Yeats, W. B. (William Butler), 1865-1939 -- Criticism and interpretation , Lyric poetry -- History and criticism
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2324 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015642
- Description: In June 1917 W.B. Yeats wrote to his father : Much of your thought resembles mine . . but mine is part of a religious system more or less logically worked out, a system which will I hope interest you as a form of poetry. I find the setting it all in order has helped my verse, has given me a new framework and new patterns. (Wade 1954, 627) The new framework and new patterns that he claimed to have found in his system generated a new, and for Yeats, radically different sort of poetry. Before 1919 (The Wild Swans at Coole), the poetry had as its subject various traditional themes: the pity of love; the romance and heroism of Irish mythology; the threat of age, change and death. The poetry up to this point is, formally speaking, highly skillful, but locked into its own admissions of failure to touch or incorporate reality in any but a romantically defeatist way. However, the order which Yeats refers to in his letter, and the system he generated as a propaedeutic to this new order, once assimilated into the habit and texture of the poetry, generated new topics of its own which made those of the earlier work seem subjective, self- indulgent and intellectually uninformed. Yeats's poetry now changed drastically in focus and form, from subjective to objective poetry. Whereas the earlier poetry had opposed reality with romantic heroism or selfdestructive despondency, the poetry subsequent to his change of practice, incorporates a new vision of reality as the intrinsic architechtonics of poetry itself. Now the measure of human and aesthetic completion is no longer an inexplicable and inscrutable sadness, but an intelligent and informed detachment, an energy of mind that Yeats called "gaiety". My thesis explores this energy of mind and what it meant for Yeats and his poetry. My contention is that the idea of gaiety provides a way for Yeats to grant meaning to his life, a way for him to create himself. As the poetry is completed thanks to the new system, so is the poet. In order to see this, it is necessary to read the poems as a series of collections, or stories, that resonate back and forth with meaning and qualification and understanding. Yeats's system is his myth, and he writes his poetry in terms of and informed by that myth, shaping and re-shaping the experience of the created and fictional self until it has meaning in a way that the real self does not. The thesis explores this process of creation firstly in theoretical terms, using Lotman's ideas of Story and Myth, and looking at Yeats's intellectual and poetic inheritance. It goes on to examine some of the great poems in an attempt to define gaiety, and how Yeats achieves it in the poetry, and then to look at the early, pre-system poems to see how they differ. Finally, it takes the last of Yeats's lyric collections, Last Poems, and shows how gaiety works in the most mature poetry when the poems are read as narrative events within a story.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Brady, Bronwyn
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Yeats, W. B. (William Butler), 1865-1939 -- Criticism and interpretation , Lyric poetry -- History and criticism
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2324 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015642
- Description: In June 1917 W.B. Yeats wrote to his father : Much of your thought resembles mine . . but mine is part of a religious system more or less logically worked out, a system which will I hope interest you as a form of poetry. I find the setting it all in order has helped my verse, has given me a new framework and new patterns. (Wade 1954, 627) The new framework and new patterns that he claimed to have found in his system generated a new, and for Yeats, radically different sort of poetry. Before 1919 (The Wild Swans at Coole), the poetry had as its subject various traditional themes: the pity of love; the romance and heroism of Irish mythology; the threat of age, change and death. The poetry up to this point is, formally speaking, highly skillful, but locked into its own admissions of failure to touch or incorporate reality in any but a romantically defeatist way. However, the order which Yeats refers to in his letter, and the system he generated as a propaedeutic to this new order, once assimilated into the habit and texture of the poetry, generated new topics of its own which made those of the earlier work seem subjective, self- indulgent and intellectually uninformed. Yeats's poetry now changed drastically in focus and form, from subjective to objective poetry. Whereas the earlier poetry had opposed reality with romantic heroism or selfdestructive despondency, the poetry subsequent to his change of practice, incorporates a new vision of reality as the intrinsic architechtonics of poetry itself. Now the measure of human and aesthetic completion is no longer an inexplicable and inscrutable sadness, but an intelligent and informed detachment, an energy of mind that Yeats called "gaiety". My thesis explores this energy of mind and what it meant for Yeats and his poetry. My contention is that the idea of gaiety provides a way for Yeats to grant meaning to his life, a way for him to create himself. As the poetry is completed thanks to the new system, so is the poet. In order to see this, it is necessary to read the poems as a series of collections, or stories, that resonate back and forth with meaning and qualification and understanding. Yeats's system is his myth, and he writes his poetry in terms of and informed by that myth, shaping and re-shaping the experience of the created and fictional self until it has meaning in a way that the real self does not. The thesis explores this process of creation firstly in theoretical terms, using Lotman's ideas of Story and Myth, and looking at Yeats's intellectual and poetic inheritance. It goes on to examine some of the great poems in an attempt to define gaiety, and how Yeats achieves it in the poetry, and then to look at the early, pre-system poems to see how they differ. Finally, it takes the last of Yeats's lyric collections, Last Poems, and shows how gaiety works in the most mature poetry when the poems are read as narrative events within a story.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
The uses of transactional analysis in theatre practice : inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University
- Authors: James, Sydney
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Transactional analysis , Theater -- Production and direction , Theater -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:642 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020711 , ISBN 0868102067
- Description: Inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: James, Sydney
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Transactional analysis , Theater -- Production and direction , Theater -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:642 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020711 , ISBN 0868102067
- Description: Inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
Tribute to the late Davadoss
- EIMWU
- Authors: EIMWU
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Engineering Industrial and Mining Workers Union (EIMWU)
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/162344 , vital:40921
- Description: To my knowledge the author of this adage was Brother Davadoss. Better known to many, far and wide, as “DAVVY”. Lesley Davadoss was one of nine children of a working class family. Grew up and spent his formative years in Bokmakierie, Athlone. Devout in his Catholic upbringing, later to be ordained as a Deacon at St. Mary of the Angels. Lesley was a very sincere person who concerned himself with the needs of the Community, which naturally resulted in his involvement at the Company where he worked with the problems of his workmates. Along with other like thinking persons, he formed the E.I.W.U. in the Cape, holding meetings at his home in Kayter Road Crawford. The Branch in Durban, along with the Cape Town Branch formed E.I.W.U.S.A.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: EIMWU
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Engineering Industrial and Mining Workers Union (EIMWU)
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/162344 , vital:40921
- Description: To my knowledge the author of this adage was Brother Davadoss. Better known to many, far and wide, as “DAVVY”. Lesley Davadoss was one of nine children of a working class family. Grew up and spent his formative years in Bokmakierie, Athlone. Devout in his Catholic upbringing, later to be ordained as a Deacon at St. Mary of the Angels. Lesley was a very sincere person who concerned himself with the needs of the Community, which naturally resulted in his involvement at the Company where he worked with the problems of his workmates. Along with other like thinking persons, he formed the E.I.W.U. in the Cape, holding meetings at his home in Kayter Road Crawford. The Branch in Durban, along with the Cape Town Branch formed E.I.W.U.S.A.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
Essential fatty acids and ascorbic acid- interactions and effects on melanoma growth
- Authors: Gardiner, Neil Stockenstrom
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Fatty acids , Melanoma , Mice -- Diseases
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4549 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018230
- Description: The present study was carried out to determine the effects and possible mechanisms of action of the essential fatty acids (EFAs) (linoleic acid (LA), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and arachidonic acid (AA)) and ascorbic acid (Asc) on BL6 murine melanoma growth in cell culture and in mice. Interactions between the nutrients in influencing melanoma growth as well as possible mechanisms of the interactions were also examined in the above systems. Cell culture studies revealed that all three EFAs (0-SOμg/ml) and Asc (0-200μg/ml) significantly inhibited melanoma growth at the concentrations used. The EF As were also found to significantly inhibit growth, although to a lesser extent than BL6 cells, of monkey kidney (LLCMK) cells which were used as a non-malignant control cell line. Asc in contrast was found not to inhibit growth of these cells. Supplementation of Asc (lOO)μg/ml) to EFA containing (0-50μg/ml) medium was found to significantly increase inhibition of cell growth in both cell lines, and in the BL6 cells in particular, after taking into account the growth inhibitory effects of Asc in the absence of EFAs. The mechanism of cell growth inhibition by the EF As appeared to involve lipid peroxidation but not enhanced prostaglandin (PG) or leukotriene (LT) synthesis. While Asc was found to increase both lipid peroxidation and PG synthesis in the cells, these mechanisms and enhanced LT synthesis did not appear to have played a role in the inhibition of cell growth by Asc or in the growth inhibitory interaction between Asc and the EF As. In vivo studies revealed that diets containing essential or polyunsaturated fatty acids (EFAs/PUFAs) in the form of vegetable oils, and in particular GLA in the form of evening primrose oil, significantly promoted melanoma growth in mice when compared with an EFA/PUFA free diet containing predominantly saturated fats (SF). Supplementary dietary Asc in contrast was found to significantly inhibit melanoma growth in mice fed EFA/PUFA, and in particular GLA, containing diets but not in mice fed SF cont~g diets. This result appears to indicate the occurrence of an interaction between the two nutrients. Ul The mechanism of tumour promotion by the EP As/PUP As did not appear to have involved enhanced PG or LT synthesis or lipid peroxidation. Since dietary EPA/PUPA manipulation was found to significantly alter the EPA content of tissues, including the melanomas, the mechanism of tumour promotion may have involved changes in the EPA composition of the tumour cells. While supplementary Asc was found to significantly increase the Asc content of certain tissues, including the melanomas, which may have played a role in tumour growth inhibition by Asc, it was found not to affect the EPA content of tissues. Enhanced PG or LT synthesis and lipid perox:idation did not appear to have been involved in the tumour growth inhibitory interaction between Asc and the EP As/PUP As. THe activity of the enzyme delta-6-desaturase, a key enzyme in EF A metabolism which catalyses the desaturation of LA to GLA, and the influence of Asc on activity of the enzyme were also examined. The cultured cells, and BL6 cells in particular, were found to contain significant activity of the enzyme. Whereas murine liver microsomal fractions were found to contain delta-6-desaturase activity, microsomes from melanomas grown in mice were found to lack activity of the enzyme. The significant tumour promoting effects of the GLA containing EPO diet may have been the result of the lack of delta-6-desaturase activity in tumour cells grown in mice. Asc was found to stimulate activity of the enzyme in cultured BL6 cells but not in LLCM.K cells, while dietary Asc and EF A/PUP A manipulation did not influence activity of the enzyme in microsomal fractions. This study has confirmed previous reports of the in vivo tumour promoting effects of dietary EP As/PUP As and the tumour growth inhibitory effects of Asc. The in vitro cell growth inhibitory effects of Asc and the EP As also confirm the results of previous reports. Previous studies investigating possible interactions between Asc and EP As/PUP As in influencing tumour cell growth could not be located in the relevant literature. This study may therefore be one of the first investigations of any such interaction between these nutrients in tumour cells. While this study was not able to identify the mechanisms involved in the different tumour promoting or tumour growth inhibitory effects of the two nutrients in the two systems, it did eliminate a number of potential mechanisms. The results of this study also emphasise the difficulty of attempting to compare the results of in vitro and in vivo studies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Gardiner, Neil Stockenstrom
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Fatty acids , Melanoma , Mice -- Diseases
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4549 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018230
- Description: The present study was carried out to determine the effects and possible mechanisms of action of the essential fatty acids (EFAs) (linoleic acid (LA), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and arachidonic acid (AA)) and ascorbic acid (Asc) on BL6 murine melanoma growth in cell culture and in mice. Interactions between the nutrients in influencing melanoma growth as well as possible mechanisms of the interactions were also examined in the above systems. Cell culture studies revealed that all three EFAs (0-SOμg/ml) and Asc (0-200μg/ml) significantly inhibited melanoma growth at the concentrations used. The EF As were also found to significantly inhibit growth, although to a lesser extent than BL6 cells, of monkey kidney (LLCMK) cells which were used as a non-malignant control cell line. Asc in contrast was found not to inhibit growth of these cells. Supplementation of Asc (lOO)μg/ml) to EFA containing (0-50μg/ml) medium was found to significantly increase inhibition of cell growth in both cell lines, and in the BL6 cells in particular, after taking into account the growth inhibitory effects of Asc in the absence of EFAs. The mechanism of cell growth inhibition by the EF As appeared to involve lipid peroxidation but not enhanced prostaglandin (PG) or leukotriene (LT) synthesis. While Asc was found to increase both lipid peroxidation and PG synthesis in the cells, these mechanisms and enhanced LT synthesis did not appear to have played a role in the inhibition of cell growth by Asc or in the growth inhibitory interaction between Asc and the EF As. In vivo studies revealed that diets containing essential or polyunsaturated fatty acids (EFAs/PUFAs) in the form of vegetable oils, and in particular GLA in the form of evening primrose oil, significantly promoted melanoma growth in mice when compared with an EFA/PUFA free diet containing predominantly saturated fats (SF). Supplementary dietary Asc in contrast was found to significantly inhibit melanoma growth in mice fed EFA/PUFA, and in particular GLA, containing diets but not in mice fed SF cont~g diets. This result appears to indicate the occurrence of an interaction between the two nutrients. Ul The mechanism of tumour promotion by the EP As/PUP As did not appear to have involved enhanced PG or LT synthesis or lipid peroxidation. Since dietary EPA/PUPA manipulation was found to significantly alter the EPA content of tissues, including the melanomas, the mechanism of tumour promotion may have involved changes in the EPA composition of the tumour cells. While supplementary Asc was found to significantly increase the Asc content of certain tissues, including the melanomas, which may have played a role in tumour growth inhibition by Asc, it was found not to affect the EPA content of tissues. Enhanced PG or LT synthesis and lipid perox:idation did not appear to have been involved in the tumour growth inhibitory interaction between Asc and the EP As/PUP As. THe activity of the enzyme delta-6-desaturase, a key enzyme in EF A metabolism which catalyses the desaturation of LA to GLA, and the influence of Asc on activity of the enzyme were also examined. The cultured cells, and BL6 cells in particular, were found to contain significant activity of the enzyme. Whereas murine liver microsomal fractions were found to contain delta-6-desaturase activity, microsomes from melanomas grown in mice were found to lack activity of the enzyme. The significant tumour promoting effects of the GLA containing EPO diet may have been the result of the lack of delta-6-desaturase activity in tumour cells grown in mice. Asc was found to stimulate activity of the enzyme in cultured BL6 cells but not in LLCM.K cells, while dietary Asc and EF A/PUP A manipulation did not influence activity of the enzyme in microsomal fractions. This study has confirmed previous reports of the in vivo tumour promoting effects of dietary EP As/PUP As and the tumour growth inhibitory effects of Asc. The in vitro cell growth inhibitory effects of Asc and the EP As also confirm the results of previous reports. Previous studies investigating possible interactions between Asc and EP As/PUP As in influencing tumour cell growth could not be located in the relevant literature. This study may therefore be one of the first investigations of any such interaction between these nutrients in tumour cells. While this study was not able to identify the mechanisms involved in the different tumour promoting or tumour growth inhibitory effects of the two nutrients in the two systems, it did eliminate a number of potential mechanisms. The results of this study also emphasise the difficulty of attempting to compare the results of in vitro and in vivo studies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
ICEF Energy conference
- CWIU
- Authors: CWIU
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: CWIU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/152450 , vital:39279
- Description: The decline in world energy consumption caused by the twin oil price hikes of 1973 and 1979 checked development in the major market economies and triggered the process of industrial restructuring that has so profoundly affected all sectors and all regions. ore efficient use of more expensive energy and strategic policy changes have made major contributions to easing the historical reliance upon energy inputs - especially in the case of oil. As a result the ratio between energy consumption and growth of gross world production has diminished by nearly 25 % over the past fifteen years. It has been estimated that full use of available energy-efficient technologies could cut per capita energy use by as much as 50% without impeding economic growth. The extent to which these gains are realized will depend upon a wide variety of economic and developmental factors, among which the price management of fuels is a very important one. here has also been a change in the industrial mix of the major OECD economies with the decline of old industries using high energy imputs and the rise of high technology sectors with different and lower energy requirements. The shift of much basic manufacturing to new locations in the developing world and to the hitherto centrally planned economies is likely to precipitate a further important change in energy requirements. emand for energy is forecast to continue to grow at only about half the rate of general economic growth over the short to medium term. Consumption is very uneven on a world scale, however. In 1988 the world consumed energy equivalent to some 8 billion tonnes of oil (Tonnes Oil Equivalent, or TOE) - an average of 1.3 tonnes for every man, woman and child on Earth. While citizens of the USA will consume an average of 8 TOE per capita, however, the average for both Japan and Western Europe is around 3 TOE, while people in the Third World still rely on fuelwood and dried animal dung as important energy resources, consuming only a small fraction of a TOE each in many cases.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: CWIU
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: CWIU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/152450 , vital:39279
- Description: The decline in world energy consumption caused by the twin oil price hikes of 1973 and 1979 checked development in the major market economies and triggered the process of industrial restructuring that has so profoundly affected all sectors and all regions. ore efficient use of more expensive energy and strategic policy changes have made major contributions to easing the historical reliance upon energy inputs - especially in the case of oil. As a result the ratio between energy consumption and growth of gross world production has diminished by nearly 25 % over the past fifteen years. It has been estimated that full use of available energy-efficient technologies could cut per capita energy use by as much as 50% without impeding economic growth. The extent to which these gains are realized will depend upon a wide variety of economic and developmental factors, among which the price management of fuels is a very important one. here has also been a change in the industrial mix of the major OECD economies with the decline of old industries using high energy imputs and the rise of high technology sectors with different and lower energy requirements. The shift of much basic manufacturing to new locations in the developing world and to the hitherto centrally planned economies is likely to precipitate a further important change in energy requirements. emand for energy is forecast to continue to grow at only about half the rate of general economic growth over the short to medium term. Consumption is very uneven on a world scale, however. In 1988 the world consumed energy equivalent to some 8 billion tonnes of oil (Tonnes Oil Equivalent, or TOE) - an average of 1.3 tonnes for every man, woman and child on Earth. While citizens of the USA will consume an average of 8 TOE per capita, however, the average for both Japan and Western Europe is around 3 TOE, while people in the Third World still rely on fuelwood and dried animal dung as important energy resources, consuming only a small fraction of a TOE each in many cases.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
Unbroken sequence of umngqungqo song
- Ngqoko married women villagers, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Ngqoko married women villagers , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Xhosa (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Hand-clapping music , folk dance , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa South Africa Lady Frere f-sa
- Language: Xhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/93667 , vital:30911 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC029a-08
- Description: Traditional Thembu umngqungqo married women's song for girls initiation accompanied by clapping.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Ngqoko married women villagers , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Xhosa (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Hand-clapping music , folk dance , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa South Africa Lady Frere f-sa
- Language: Xhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/93667 , vital:30911 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC029a-08
- Description: Traditional Thembu umngqungqo married women's song for girls initiation accompanied by clapping.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
The stock identification of the Cape horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus capensis (Pisces: Carangidae)
- Authors: Naish, Kerry-Ann
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Carangidae -- Identification , Trachurus trachurus -- Identification , Carangidae -- South Africa , Trachurus trachurus -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5320 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005165 , Carangidae -- Identification , Trachurus trachurus -- Identification , Carangidae -- South Africa , Trachurus trachurus -- South Africa
- Description: Three stocks of the Cape horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus capensis, have been recognised in the ICSEAF convention region off southern Africa (Figure 1) on the basis of catch distribution and biological analyses. They were identified as being off Namibia (ICSEAF Divisions 1 . 3 and 1.4), off the West Coast of South Africa (Div. 1.6) and off the South Coast (Div. 2.1 and 2.2). Recently, speculation as to the accuracy of the classification of the South African populations has arisen. The aim of this study was to determine the number of stocks In Divisions 1.6, 2.1 and 2.2, using methodology which assessed the spatial and temporal nature and the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the species. The distribution of horse mackerel was evaluated by studying the trends in catch data and length frequency distributions obtained from the demersal industry during 1986 to 1988 and from the demersal biomass cruises in 1987 and 1988. Adult fish, found in Div. 2.1 and 2.2, probably migrated; during the months in which horse mackerel were expected to spawn, CPUE values were higher over the central Agulhas Bank than in the east of the study region. During the quiescent period, catches and numbers were higher in the latter region. Juvenile horse mackerel were found in the nursery areas utilised by pelagic fish and it is likely that they were transported northward from the Agulhas Bank. A decrease in biomass of individuals in Div. 1.5 indicated a separation between a northern and a southern population. Analyses of the phenotype, or epigenetic characters, of horse mackerel were used as a further test of stock integrity. Monthly samples were drawn from Div. 1.6, 2.1 and 2.2 during May 1988 to June, 1989. Comparisons for the values obtained from growth, length-at-50%-maturity and the season of otolith ring formation from each region showed no significant variation in the phenotype. Morphometric analysis proved inconclusive. Monthly gonadosomatic indices show that fish south of the Orange River share the same spawning season. Reports from the literature show that horse mackerel in the latter region differ from those of northern Namibia in spawning season, age-at-50%-maturity and season of otolith ring formation. The genetic structure of the populations of horse mackerel was evaluated by means of a restriction enzyme analysis of the Mitochondrial DNA of 37 fish collected from Divisions 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 2.1 and 2.2. Two composite genotypes of horse mackerel were found; one belonging to fish in Div. 1.4 and one to fish in Div. 1.6, 2.1 and 2.2. The genetic distance between the two genotypes, 0.07, was the expected distance between two populations at a subspecies level. Fish in Div. 1.5 consisted of both genotypes and may be a region of mixing between the two populations. The interpretation of results was cautioned; prevlous work has shown that the migration of a small number of individuals between two stocks can be expected to maintain a low variation between the populations. In concluding, it was recommended that the horse mackerel be managed as two stocks, one in Div. 1.3 and 1.4 and one in Div. 1.6, 2.1 and 2.2
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Naish, Kerry-Ann
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Carangidae -- Identification , Trachurus trachurus -- Identification , Carangidae -- South Africa , Trachurus trachurus -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5320 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005165 , Carangidae -- Identification , Trachurus trachurus -- Identification , Carangidae -- South Africa , Trachurus trachurus -- South Africa
- Description: Three stocks of the Cape horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus capensis, have been recognised in the ICSEAF convention region off southern Africa (Figure 1) on the basis of catch distribution and biological analyses. They were identified as being off Namibia (ICSEAF Divisions 1 . 3 and 1.4), off the West Coast of South Africa (Div. 1.6) and off the South Coast (Div. 2.1 and 2.2). Recently, speculation as to the accuracy of the classification of the South African populations has arisen. The aim of this study was to determine the number of stocks In Divisions 1.6, 2.1 and 2.2, using methodology which assessed the spatial and temporal nature and the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the species. The distribution of horse mackerel was evaluated by studying the trends in catch data and length frequency distributions obtained from the demersal industry during 1986 to 1988 and from the demersal biomass cruises in 1987 and 1988. Adult fish, found in Div. 2.1 and 2.2, probably migrated; during the months in which horse mackerel were expected to spawn, CPUE values were higher over the central Agulhas Bank than in the east of the study region. During the quiescent period, catches and numbers were higher in the latter region. Juvenile horse mackerel were found in the nursery areas utilised by pelagic fish and it is likely that they were transported northward from the Agulhas Bank. A decrease in biomass of individuals in Div. 1.5 indicated a separation between a northern and a southern population. Analyses of the phenotype, or epigenetic characters, of horse mackerel were used as a further test of stock integrity. Monthly samples were drawn from Div. 1.6, 2.1 and 2.2 during May 1988 to June, 1989. Comparisons for the values obtained from growth, length-at-50%-maturity and the season of otolith ring formation from each region showed no significant variation in the phenotype. Morphometric analysis proved inconclusive. Monthly gonadosomatic indices show that fish south of the Orange River share the same spawning season. Reports from the literature show that horse mackerel in the latter region differ from those of northern Namibia in spawning season, age-at-50%-maturity and season of otolith ring formation. The genetic structure of the populations of horse mackerel was evaluated by means of a restriction enzyme analysis of the Mitochondrial DNA of 37 fish collected from Divisions 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 2.1 and 2.2. Two composite genotypes of horse mackerel were found; one belonging to fish in Div. 1.4 and one to fish in Div. 1.6, 2.1 and 2.2. The genetic distance between the two genotypes, 0.07, was the expected distance between two populations at a subspecies level. Fish in Div. 1.5 consisted of both genotypes and may be a region of mixing between the two populations. The interpretation of results was cautioned; prevlous work has shown that the migration of a small number of individuals between two stocks can be expected to maintain a low variation between the populations. In concluding, it was recommended that the horse mackerel be managed as two stocks, one in Div. 1.3 and 1.4 and one in Div. 1.6, 2.1 and 2.2
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
Community-based co-operative ventures in Port Elizabeth
- Authors: Davies, William J
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Cities and towns -- Africa Cooperative societies Economic development Producer cooperatives Port Elizabeth (South Africa) -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2329 , vital:20276 , ISBN 0868102032
- Description: This Working Paper reports on the results of an investigation into community-based co-operative ventures in Port Elizabeth. It represents part of an on-going research programme dealing with Black economic development undertaken by the Development Studies Unit (DSU) at Rhodes University. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Davies, William J
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Cities and towns -- Africa Cooperative societies Economic development Producer cooperatives Port Elizabeth (South Africa) -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2329 , vital:20276 , ISBN 0868102032
- Description: This Working Paper reports on the results of an investigation into community-based co-operative ventures in Port Elizabeth. It represents part of an on-going research programme dealing with Black economic development undertaken by the Development Studies Unit (DSU) at Rhodes University. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
Popanda Ngwazi tidakafa ndinjala
- Kambazite Makorekore, Mang'anja men, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Kambazite Makorekore , Mang'anja men , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Nyanja (African people) -- Malawi , Folk music -- Malawi , Percussion instruments -- Africa , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa Malawi Chileka f-sx
- Language: Nya
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75155 , vital:30380 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC016b-06
- Description: Traditional music accompanied by valimba xylophone and rattles.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Kambazite Makorekore , Mang'anja men , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Nyanja (African people) -- Malawi , Folk music -- Malawi , Percussion instruments -- Africa , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa Malawi Chileka f-sx
- Language: Nya
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75155 , vital:30380 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC016b-06
- Description: Traditional music accompanied by valimba xylophone and rattles.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
Inkosi haiko
- Knowledge and group of Xhosa women, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Knowledge and group of Xhosa women , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Xhosa (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Hand-clapping music , Drum music , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa South Africa Lady Frere f-sa
- Language: Xhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/93986 , vital:30979 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC030-13
- Description: Traditional Thembu diviners song (amagqirha) accompanied by drums and clapping.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Knowledge and group of Xhosa women , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Xhosa (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Hand-clapping music , Drum music , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa South Africa Lady Frere f-sa
- Language: Xhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/93986 , vital:30979 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC030-13
- Description: Traditional Thembu diviners song (amagqirha) accompanied by drums and clapping.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
Umhala
- Nonogcinile, Nomillion and group, Tracey, Andrew T N and Gerhard Kubik
- Authors: Nonogcinile, Nomillion and group , Tracey, Andrew T N and Gerhard Kubik
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Xhosa (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Folk dance , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa South Africa Lady Frere f-sa
- Language: Xhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/93469 , vital:30884 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC028a-02
- Description: Traditional Thembu umngqungqo women's song for girls initiation.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Nonogcinile, Nomillion and group , Tracey, Andrew T N and Gerhard Kubik
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Xhosa (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Folk dance , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa South Africa Lady Frere f-sa
- Language: Xhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/93469 , vital:30884 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC028a-02
- Description: Traditional Thembu umngqungqo women's song for girls initiation.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
1820 Foundation publications: an evaluation for the 1820 Foundation
- Davies, William J, Stewart, G M
- Authors: Davies, William J , Stewart, G M
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: 1820 Foundation -- Bibliography 1820 Foundation Standard Bank National Arts Festival Standard Bank National Schools Festival 1820 Foundation. Eisteddfod Anglo de Beers English Olympiad Gold Shield Award In-service education and training for teachers
- Language: English
- Type: Book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/1639 , vital:20212
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Davies, William J , Stewart, G M
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: 1820 Foundation -- Bibliography 1820 Foundation Standard Bank National Arts Festival Standard Bank National Schools Festival 1820 Foundation. Eisteddfod Anglo de Beers English Olympiad Gold Shield Award In-service education and training for teachers
- Language: English
- Type: Book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/1639 , vital:20212
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
Wajera ndeu
- Kambazite Makorekore, Mang'anja men, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Kambazite Makorekore , Mang'anja men , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Nyanja (African people) -- Malawi , Folk music -- Malawi , Percussion instruments -- Africa , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa Malawi Chileka f-sx
- Language: Nya
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75130 , vital:30377 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC016b-03
- Description: Traditional music accompanied by valimba xylophone and rattles.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Kambazite Makorekore , Mang'anja men , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1990
- Subjects: Nyanja (African people) -- Malawi , Folk music -- Malawi , Percussion instruments -- Africa , Sub-Saharan African music , Africa Malawi Chileka f-sx
- Language: Nya
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75130 , vital:30377 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC016b-03
- Description: Traditional music accompanied by valimba xylophone and rattles.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990