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Iris colour in passerine birds: why be bright-eyed?

- Craig, Adrian J F K, Hulley, Patrick E

Authors: Craig, Adrian J F K , Hulley, Patrick E
Date: 2004
Language: English
Type: Article
Identifier: vital:6902 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011756
Description: An initial survey of iris coloration in passerine birds (Aves: Passeriformes) showed that a brightly pigmented iris is much more common in southern African and Australian birds than in those from Europe, temperate North America, and Venezuela. However, the only statistical correlation reflected the distribution of particular bird families in these regions. Ten family-level groups considered to represent monophyletic taxa were then selected for a more detailed analysis, comparing iris coloration with distribution, status, taxonomy, plumage patterns, and some biological and behavioural characters for 1143 species. No pattern associating iris colour with particular traits was common to all families, but within families there were statistically significant associations with both plumage and biology. Our expectation that social behaviour would be an important predictor of iris colour was not supported, but critical information is still lacking for many species. Future studies of avian behavioural ecology should examine critically the role of iris coloration in individual species. , Rhodes Centenary issue
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Date Issued: 2004

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Isolation and Characterisation of Stigmasterol and β–Sitosterol from Anthocleista djalonensis A. Chev.

- Okoro, Ijeoma S, Tor-Anyiin, Terrumun A, Igoli, John O, Noundou, Xavier S, Krause, Rui W M

Authors: Okoro, Ijeoma S , Tor-Anyiin, Terrumun A , Igoli, John O , Noundou, Xavier S , Krause, Rui W M
Date: 2018
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/126191 , vital:35857 , https://doi.org/10.9734/AJOCS/2017/37147
Description: Aim: Anthocleista djalonensis A. Chev. is a plant with several chemical constituents whichaccounts for its ethno-pharmacological uses. The present study is aimed at identifying and characterizing the active principles from the roots of the plant. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Organic Chemistry,Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa between March and July 2016. Methodology: The root powder was subjected to maceration with methanol to obtain the crude extract. The methanol extract was fractionated using hexane, ethyl acetate and acetone successively. The acetone extract was thereafter subjected to column chromatography to isolate any pure components. Results: White needle-like crystals were obtained which on spectral analysis(IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 2D- NMR, and ESI-MS ) were identified as a mixture of stigmasterol and β-sitosterol. Conclusion: The compounds isolated were identified as stigmasterol and β-sitosterol.
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Date Issued: 2018

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Journal development, scholar development and quality

- Rosenberg, Eureta, Togo, Muchaiteyi

Authors: Rosenberg, Eureta , Togo, Muchaiteyi
Date: 2017
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/67314 , vital:29072 , https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJEE.V.33I1.1
Description: publisher version , In reflecting on the contributions to Volume 33, it is evident that a variety of theories about learning and social change inform the scholars in environmental education, ranging from behaviourist, to social behavioural, constructivist and social constructivist learning theories, social and critical realism, and more. What unites these papers is a shared concern about learning in relation to the future well-being of the planet and its people. New scholars entering the field of environmental and sustainability education have the task of mastering not only the social– ecological subject matter of the field, but also their chosen learning theories. In this regard, drawing on the back copies of the SAJEE can be of great value. Much research and writing has already been done on curriculum, education and learning inside and outside of formal institutions, yet many more questions remain. The field is best advanced by noting and building on, challenging and advancing past studies and existing scholarship. The fact that all 33 Volumes of the SAJEE are available online, just a ‘few clicks away’ from any student or supervisor with Internet access, is therefore an enormous boon. We encourage readers and future authors to draw on the work in this and other environmental education journals as they conceptualise, design and reflect on their own studies.
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Date Issued: 2017

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Journal Development, Scholar Development and Quality

- Rosenberg, Eureta, Togo, Muchaiteyi

Authors: Rosenberg, Eureta , Togo, Muchaiteyi
Date: 2017
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/127235 , vital:35980 , https://doi.org/10.4314/sajee.v.33i1.1
Description: Recently, the 33-year journey of the Southern African Journal of Environmental Education (SAJEE) was the subject of reflection during an Open Access Publishing week convened by Rhodes University Library Services. Two former and current editors-in-chief shared the SAJEE’s story of publishing ‘from the margins into the centre’. In the early 1990s, the Journal was mailed to the Environmental Education Association of Southern Africa (EEASA) membership from the foyer of the Rhodes Education Department (which had the floor space for stuffing and stacking A4 envelopes). In the first decade of this century, the Journal arrived at a symbolic ‘centre’ with digital distribution, first on the EEASA website and then from the Open Access platform provided by African Journals Online (AJOL). The digital move was vital for sustained and increased distribution in a time of shrinking budgets and growing costs. The results, shared with the EEASA Council earlier this year, were nothing short of spectacular: In March 2017, the SAJEE received more than 1 250 article downloads (www.ajol.info/index.php/sajee), and the number of downloads have stayed above 500 each month subsequently (Figure 1). Views and downloads are recorded around the world including,
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Date Issued: 2017

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Karyology of the redfin minnows, genus Pseudobarbus Smith, 1841 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae): one of the evolutionarily tetraploid lineages of South African barbines

- Naran, D, Skelton, Paul H (Paul Harvey), Villet, M H (Martin Herrer)

Authors: Naran, D , Skelton, Paul H (Paul Harvey) , Villet, M H (Martin Herrer)
Date: 2006
Language: English
Type: Article
Identifier: vital:6770 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008063
Description: The karyotypes of six species of Pseudobarbus Smith, 1841, namely P. afer (Peters, 1864), P. asper (Boulenger, 1911), P. burchelli Smith, 1841, P. burgi (Boulenger, 1911), P. phlegethon (Barnard, 1938) and P. tenuis (Barnard, 1938), were examined by conventional Giemsa staining and described. All six karyotypes have 2n = 100 chromosomes, dominated by biarmed chromosomes, as does the only other member of the genus, P. quathlambae (Barnard, 1938). Sex-related intraspecific karyotype variation was not found. The shared chromosome numbers and general similarity of the karyotypes (FN = 186–192) provide a new synapomorphy to support their monophyly, which is already indicated by anatomical and mtDNA markers. Karyotype evolution within the genus has been accompanied by chromosomal inversions and centromeric shifts. Comparison of the diploid number found in Pseudobarbus with other African barbine cyprinines, which have in the region of 2n=50 and lower FNs, suggests a tetraploid evolutionary origin of the genus, possibly by allotetraploidy.
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Date Issued: 2006

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Karyology of the redfin minnows, genus Pseudobarbus Smith, 1841 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae): one of the evolutionarily tetraploid lineages of South African barbines

- Naran, D, Skelton, Paul H, Villet, Martin H

Authors: Naran, D , Skelton, Paul H , Villet, Martin H
Date: 2006
Language: English
Type: text , Article
Identifier: vital:6961 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012024
Description: The karyotypes of six species of Pseudobarbus Smith, 1841, namely P. afer (Peters, 1864), P. asper (Boulenger, 1911), P. burchelli Smith, 1841, P. burgi (Boulenger, 1911), P. phlegethon (Barnard, 1938) and P. tenuis (Barnard, 1938), were examined by conventional Giemsa staining and described. All six karyotypes have 2n = 100 chromosomes, dominated by biarmed chromosomes, as does the only other member of the genus, P. quathlambae (Barnard, 1938). Sex-related intraspecific karyotype variation was not found. The shared chromosome numbers and general similarity of the karyotypes (FN = 186–192) provide a new synapomorphy to support their monophyly, which is already indicated by anatomical and mtDNA markers. Karyotype evolution within the genus has been accompanied by chromosomal inversions and centromeric shifts. Comparison of the diploid number found in Pseudobarbus with other African barbine cyprinines, which have in the region of 2n=50 and lower FNs, suggests a tetraploid evolutionary origin of the genus, possibly by allotetraploidy.
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Date Issued: 2006

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Land acquisition for and local livelihood implications of biofuel development in Zimbabwe

- Thondhlana, Gladman

Authors: Thondhlana, Gladman
Date: 2016
Subjects: Biomass energy -- Government policy -- Zimbabwe Biomass energy -- Economic aspects -- Zimbabwe Biomass energy -- Environmental aspects -- Zimbabwe
Language: English
Type: text
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/49940 , vital:25944
Description: In recent years, proponents of 'green and clean fuel' have argued that the costs of overreliance on fossil fuels could be reduced through transition to biofuels such as bio-ethanol. Global biofuel discourses suggest that any transition to biofuel invariably results in significant benefits, including energy independence, job creation, development of agro-industrial centres at local level and high revenue generations for the state with minimum negative impacts on the environment. With many risks and costs associated with traditional 'dirty' fuels, it is likely that many countries, particularly African countries, will move towards the 'green and clean fuel' alternative. However, until recently research has arguably paid limited attention to the local livelihood impacts related to land acquisition for biofuel development or the policy frameworks required to maximise biofuel benefits. With regards to biofuel benefits, some recent studies suggest that the much bandied potential for greater tax revenue, lowered fuel costs and wealth distribution from biofuel production have all been perverted with relatively little payoff in wage labour opportunities in return (e.g. Richardson, 2010; Wilkinson and Herrera, 2010). Based on work done in Chisumbanje communal lands of Zimbabwe (Thondhlana, 2015), this policy brief highlights the local livelihood impacts of biofuel development and discusses policy implications of the findings. By highlighting the justifications of biofuel development at any cost by the state, the study sheds some light on the conflicts between state interests and local livelihood needs.
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Date Issued: 2016

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Land Use Planning: ALP 418 / ALP 419

- Monde, N, Meikle, G, Trollip, I R F, Brutsch, M O, Muchaonyerwa, P, Owusu-Aduomi, O K, Laker, M C

Authors: Monde, N , Meikle, G , Trollip, I R F , Brutsch, M O , Muchaonyerwa, P , Owusu-Aduomi, O K , Laker, M C
Date: 2010-07
Language: English
Type: Examination paper
Identifier: vital:17694 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010095
Description: Land Use Planning: ALP 418 / ALP 419, Supplementary examination July 2010.
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Date Issued: 2010-07

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Learning Zulu: a secret history of language in South Africa

- Wylie, Dan

Authors: Wylie, Dan
Date: 2017
Language: English
Type: book review , text
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61255 , vital:27997 , https://www.ajol.info/index.php/tvl/article/view/160848
Description: Taking a leaf from the book under review, I’ll start by injecting an autobiographical element. Much of what Sanders examines here echoes my own experience, after Zimbabwe’s independence, of heading to a remote mission school to teach for two years. Part of my purpose was to learn better Shona, the majority language from which I had been systematically discouraged by my colonial education. It was, in a way, a gesture of reparation, or addressing a nagging “white guilt”, or at least of assuaging a sense of fruitless loss and exclusion. I was nowhere near as successful in attaining fluency as Sanders seems have been in learning Zulu; and now that I live in the Eastern Cape, my efforts to learn Xhosa have been similarly patchy and faltering. One thing is evident throughout Sanders’s dense discussions: long-term, assiduous application and pe¬riods of total immersion are vital—and as he points out, few whites in South Africa have carved out the time and energy to do so, while willy-nilly expecting the black majority to learn their language. (An endnote does aver that, according to census figures, a surprising 16,000-plus whites, and a similar number of Indians, in KwaZulu-Natal, list Zulu as their first language.)
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Date Issued: 2017

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