Rural students' local knowledge of learning in formal and informal contexts
- Authors: Visser, Alvin-Jon
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Non-formal education -- South Africa , Education and state -- South Africa , Rural children -- Education -- South Africa , Black people -- Education -- South Africa , Community and school -- South Africa , Education, Rural -- Social Aspects -- South Africa , Rural schools -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3079 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002588 , Non-formal education -- South Africa , Education and state -- South Africa , Rural children -- Education -- South Africa , Black people -- Education -- South Africa , Community and school -- South Africa , Education, Rural -- Social Aspects -- South Africa , Rural schools -- South Africa
- Description: The general aim of this thesis is to illuminate the process of learning as it occurs in formal and informal contexts. The study focuses on South African scholars attending school in rural areas where the contrast between learning in formal and informal learning contexts is more pronounced than that in urban areas. The research draws on rural scholars' local knowledge of formal and informal learning contexts in order to gain a rich insight into how cognition is situated in different learning contexts. This is accomplished through investigating the structure of the respective learning tasks, the mediators involved, the task objectives and the means for achieving these objectives in the different learning contexts. The thesis draws on a socio-cultural approach to the study of cognitive development to probe the activity of learning in a formal and informal learning context. Through the use of a context sensitive methodological methods especially Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools and techniques, it was possible to illuminate tacit local knowledge structures and to get participants to actively explicate their understandings related to learning in different contexts The research results illustrate the assertion that the activity of learning is fundamentally situated in the learning context from which it arises. Learning is framed by the community of practice which structures affordances for situated learning, through mediation, within zones of proximal development. Learning in a formal context such as the school is often abstract, rule-based, standardised and theory related. Learners also find it difficult to reflect on the learning tasks and the mediational means used in a formal learning context. In contrast, the learning which takes place in an informal setting is often practical, individualised, flexible and environment based. This learning is structured around everyday activities and is dynamically defined and supported. In a situation where a learner is exposed to dislocated learning contexts, the essential goal of educational initiatives is to bridge the gap between the two. This can be achieved through mediators creating effective zones of proximal development which facilitate the individuals adaptation between learning contexts. Exposing rural scholars' local knowledge of learning in formal and informal contexts allows for a fuller understanding of the cognitive development structured within formal and informal communities of practice. It is this understanding that is necessary to address the situation where learning contexts, drawing on different knowledge bases find ways of thinking, prove challenging and/or conflicting to the scholar.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Visser, Alvin-Jon
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Non-formal education -- South Africa , Education and state -- South Africa , Rural children -- Education -- South Africa , Black people -- Education -- South Africa , Community and school -- South Africa , Education, Rural -- Social Aspects -- South Africa , Rural schools -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3079 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002588 , Non-formal education -- South Africa , Education and state -- South Africa , Rural children -- Education -- South Africa , Black people -- Education -- South Africa , Community and school -- South Africa , Education, Rural -- Social Aspects -- South Africa , Rural schools -- South Africa
- Description: The general aim of this thesis is to illuminate the process of learning as it occurs in formal and informal contexts. The study focuses on South African scholars attending school in rural areas where the contrast between learning in formal and informal learning contexts is more pronounced than that in urban areas. The research draws on rural scholars' local knowledge of formal and informal learning contexts in order to gain a rich insight into how cognition is situated in different learning contexts. This is accomplished through investigating the structure of the respective learning tasks, the mediators involved, the task objectives and the means for achieving these objectives in the different learning contexts. The thesis draws on a socio-cultural approach to the study of cognitive development to probe the activity of learning in a formal and informal learning context. Through the use of a context sensitive methodological methods especially Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools and techniques, it was possible to illuminate tacit local knowledge structures and to get participants to actively explicate their understandings related to learning in different contexts The research results illustrate the assertion that the activity of learning is fundamentally situated in the learning context from which it arises. Learning is framed by the community of practice which structures affordances for situated learning, through mediation, within zones of proximal development. Learning in a formal context such as the school is often abstract, rule-based, standardised and theory related. Learners also find it difficult to reflect on the learning tasks and the mediational means used in a formal learning context. In contrast, the learning which takes place in an informal setting is often practical, individualised, flexible and environment based. This learning is structured around everyday activities and is dynamically defined and supported. In a situation where a learner is exposed to dislocated learning contexts, the essential goal of educational initiatives is to bridge the gap between the two. This can be achieved through mediators creating effective zones of proximal development which facilitate the individuals adaptation between learning contexts. Exposing rural scholars' local knowledge of learning in formal and informal contexts allows for a fuller understanding of the cognitive development structured within formal and informal communities of practice. It is this understanding that is necessary to address the situation where learning contexts, drawing on different knowledge bases find ways of thinking, prove challenging and/or conflicting to the scholar.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
An evaluation of policies for attaining excellence in service delivery in the Port Elizabeth municipality
- Binza, Mzikayise Shakespeare
- Authors: Binza, Mzikayise Shakespeare
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Customer services -- Quality control , Customer services -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10777 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1006186 , Customer services -- Quality control , Customer services -- Management
- Description: This dissertation is based on the assumption that the Port Elizabeth Municipality should deliver essential services effectively, efficiently and economically so as to attain excellence in service delivery. The essential services dealt with in this study are electricity; refuse collection; sewerage; and water services. Attaining excellence in service delivery will lead the Port Elizabeth Municipality to improve and sustain the quality of life of the local inhabitants. The primary objectives of this dissertation include, inter alia: An historical analysis of delivery systems of the former government prior to 1994, which provides the primary reasons and purposes of delivery systems, and the effects on the Port Elizabeth Municipality. Reformation and transformation of South African local government since 1994, with particular reference to the Port Elizabeth Municipality. A normative model for service delivery, which is designed to accelerate service delivery in the local spheres of government, with special reference to the Port Elizabeth Municipality as the locus of this study. The nature, extent and evaluation of the existing service delivery by the Port Elizabeth Municipality from 1994 to 1999. An empirical survey is conducted in the form of questionnaires to the directors, heads of departments, senior managers, as well as councillors. Approaches and strategies for attaining excellence in service delivery, which include, inter alia: a government-business paradigm and an equilibrium approach. Lastly, a number of recommendations are made and conclusions are drawn based on the findings of the empirical survey in order to deliver essential services equitably, efficiently, effectively and economically to attain excellence in service delivery in the Port Elizabeth Municipality.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Binza, Mzikayise Shakespeare
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Customer services -- Quality control , Customer services -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10777 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1006186 , Customer services -- Quality control , Customer services -- Management
- Description: This dissertation is based on the assumption that the Port Elizabeth Municipality should deliver essential services effectively, efficiently and economically so as to attain excellence in service delivery. The essential services dealt with in this study are electricity; refuse collection; sewerage; and water services. Attaining excellence in service delivery will lead the Port Elizabeth Municipality to improve and sustain the quality of life of the local inhabitants. The primary objectives of this dissertation include, inter alia: An historical analysis of delivery systems of the former government prior to 1994, which provides the primary reasons and purposes of delivery systems, and the effects on the Port Elizabeth Municipality. Reformation and transformation of South African local government since 1994, with particular reference to the Port Elizabeth Municipality. A normative model for service delivery, which is designed to accelerate service delivery in the local spheres of government, with special reference to the Port Elizabeth Municipality as the locus of this study. The nature, extent and evaluation of the existing service delivery by the Port Elizabeth Municipality from 1994 to 1999. An empirical survey is conducted in the form of questionnaires to the directors, heads of departments, senior managers, as well as councillors. Approaches and strategies for attaining excellence in service delivery, which include, inter alia: a government-business paradigm and an equilibrium approach. Lastly, a number of recommendations are made and conclusions are drawn based on the findings of the empirical survey in order to deliver essential services equitably, efficiently, effectively and economically to attain excellence in service delivery in the Port Elizabeth Municipality.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Blacky's Groove (Dub)
- Founy Faya (author, composer, lead vocal), Marcelin Yace (flute), Evan's Yace (guitar, arrangement), Jojo (bass), Kone Ibrahim, Founy Faya (percussion), Astride, Oliza, Hariton T Cheky (chorus), Showbiz
- Authors: Founy Faya (author, composer, lead vocal) , Marcelin Yace (flute) , Evan's Yace (guitar, arrangement) , Jojo (bass) , Kone Ibrahim, Founy Faya (percussion) , Astride, Oliza, Hariton T Cheky (chorus) , Showbiz
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Reggae music , Africa Cote d'Ivoire Abidjan f-iv
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129678 , vital:36320 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC31-07
- Description: Reggae music from Cote d'Ivoire's Burkinabe's diaspora
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Founy Faya (author, composer, lead vocal) , Marcelin Yace (flute) , Evan's Yace (guitar, arrangement) , Jojo (bass) , Kone Ibrahim, Founy Faya (percussion) , Astride, Oliza, Hariton T Cheky (chorus) , Showbiz
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Reggae music , Africa Cote d'Ivoire Abidjan f-iv
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129678 , vital:36320 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC31-07
- Description: Reggae music from Cote d'Ivoire's Burkinabe's diaspora
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Debbo
- Malick Ly (composer, lead vocal, guitar solo), Daouda N'Diaye (chorus, drums, arrangement), Habib Niente (chorus, bass, orchestra leader), Pathe Dieng (chorus, percussion), Libasse Seye (keyboard), Studio 2000
- Authors: Malick Ly (composer, lead vocal, guitar solo) , Daouda N'Diaye (chorus, drums, arrangement) , Habib Niente (chorus, bass, orchestra leader) , Pathe Dieng (chorus, percussion) , Libasse Seye (keyboard) , Studio 2000
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129211 , vital:36247 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC19-04
- Description: Senegalese traditional rhythms and song fused with modern instruments and genres
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Malick Ly (composer, lead vocal, guitar solo) , Daouda N'Diaye (chorus, drums, arrangement) , Habib Niente (chorus, bass, orchestra leader) , Pathe Dieng (chorus, percussion) , Libasse Seye (keyboard) , Studio 2000
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129211 , vital:36247 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC19-04
- Description: Senegalese traditional rhythms and song fused with modern instruments and genres
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Koussougro-Sery
- Gnaore Djimi (vocals, creator), Gnaore Djimi The Best (album title), Showbiz
- Authors: Gnaore Djimi (vocals, creator) , Gnaore Djimi The Best (album title) , Showbiz
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cote d'Ivoire Abidjan f-iv
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129005 , vital:36202 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC17-08
- Description: Ivorian popular song in the Polihet style that is based on the traditional sounds, gestures and heritage of Niamboua people who live in the southwest reagion of Cote d'Ivoire. Polihet is performed at funerals, baptisms,weddings with the themes of love, hate, death and peace
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Gnaore Djimi (vocals, creator) , Gnaore Djimi The Best (album title) , Showbiz
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cote d'Ivoire Abidjan f-iv
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129005 , vital:36202 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC17-08
- Description: Ivorian popular song in the Polihet style that is based on the traditional sounds, gestures and heritage of Niamboua people who live in the southwest reagion of Cote d'Ivoire. Polihet is performed at funerals, baptisms,weddings with the themes of love, hate, death and peace
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Sutura
- Ajah Sy ( lead vocals, author, composer, chorus), Biram Ndeck Ndiaye, El Hadji Niang (arrangement), Lamine Faye (guitar), El Hadji Niang (bass), Bakane Seck (percussion), Marie Codou Pouye, Ajah Sy, Abdourahmane Diallo,Missala man, Aly Hachem, Mame Gor Mboup (chorus), El Hadji Niang, Aly Hachem, Ousmane Wade (keyboards), Studio 2000
- Authors: Ajah Sy ( lead vocals, author, composer, chorus) , Biram Ndeck Ndiaye , El Hadji Niang (arrangement) , Lamine Faye (guitar) , El Hadji Niang (bass) , Bakane Seck (percussion) , Marie Codou Pouye, Ajah Sy, Abdourahmane Diallo,Missala man, Aly Hachem, Mame Gor Mboup (chorus) , El Hadji Niang, Aly Hachem, Ousmane Wade (keyboards) , Studio 2000
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129350 , vital:36264 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC27-02
- Description: A homage to women in general and rural women in particular, for courageously and stoically facing their arduous socetal burden
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Ajah Sy ( lead vocals, author, composer, chorus) , Biram Ndeck Ndiaye , El Hadji Niang (arrangement) , Lamine Faye (guitar) , El Hadji Niang (bass) , Bakane Seck (percussion) , Marie Codou Pouye, Ajah Sy, Abdourahmane Diallo,Missala man, Aly Hachem, Mame Gor Mboup (chorus) , El Hadji Niang, Aly Hachem, Ousmane Wade (keyboards) , Studio 2000
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129350 , vital:36264 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC27-02
- Description: A homage to women in general and rural women in particular, for courageously and stoically facing their arduous socetal burden
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Don't walk away
- Youssou N'Dour, John Sharp, Cameron McVey (written by), Habib Faye (bass), Sting, Youssour N'Dour (vocals), Kevin Armstrong (guitar), Babacar Faye (Senegalese percussion), Assane Thiam (Tama Senegalese talking drum), Johnny $, Youssou N'Dour
- Authors: Youssou N'Dour, John Sharp, Cameron McVey (written by) , Habib Faye (bass) , Sting, Youssour N'Dour (vocals) , Kevin Armstrong (guitar) , Babacar Faye (Senegalese percussion) , Assane Thiam (Tama Senegalese talking drum) , Johnny $, Youssou N'Dour
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Rap (Music) , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: English
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130561 , vital:36438 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC44-07
- Description: Lyrical song in English
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Youssou N'Dour, John Sharp, Cameron McVey (written by) , Habib Faye (bass) , Sting, Youssour N'Dour (vocals) , Kevin Armstrong (guitar) , Babacar Faye (Senegalese percussion) , Assane Thiam (Tama Senegalese talking drum) , Johnny $, Youssou N'Dour
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Rap (Music) , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: English
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130561 , vital:36438 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC44-07
- Description: Lyrical song in English
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
SASBO Code of ethics
- SASBO
- Authors: SASBO
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: SASBO
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/160565 , vital:40475
- Description: Formed as a trade union in 1916, SASBO's primary objectives are to improve the conditions of service and protect the interests of its members, individually and collectively, in relation to their employers and otherwise, and generally to raise their status. Operating in the South African finance sector, SASBO identifies with the ethics and conventions of finance professionals and has always encouraged sound industrial relations with employers and/or their organisations, with the intention of regulating conflict as peacefully and constructively as possible by endeavouring to settle disputes by conciliatory methods. The union has always been, and continues to be, committed to fair and honest dealings, and integrity, in its interaction with all its stakeholders, this in the fundamental belief that SASBO's operation and business should be conducted honestly, fairly and within the parameters of labour and other laws.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: SASBO
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: SASBO
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/160565 , vital:40475
- Description: Formed as a trade union in 1916, SASBO's primary objectives are to improve the conditions of service and protect the interests of its members, individually and collectively, in relation to their employers and otherwise, and generally to raise their status. Operating in the South African finance sector, SASBO identifies with the ethics and conventions of finance professionals and has always encouraged sound industrial relations with employers and/or their organisations, with the intention of regulating conflict as peacefully and constructively as possible by endeavouring to settle disputes by conciliatory methods. The union has always been, and continues to be, committed to fair and honest dealings, and integrity, in its interaction with all its stakeholders, this in the fundamental belief that SASBO's operation and business should be conducted honestly, fairly and within the parameters of labour and other laws.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Education for environmental literacy : towards participatory action research in the secondary school science curriculum in Lesotho
- Authors: Mokuku, Tsepo
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Environmental education -- Lesotho , Science -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- Lesotho
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:1503 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003385 , Environmental education -- Lesotho , Science -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- Lesotho
- Description: The dependency of educators in Lesotho on externally developed curriculum theories and concepts is fundamental to issues of relevance of the school curricula. This study set out to develop the meaning of environmental literacy in the context of three secondary schools and to explore appropriate teaching methods for the development of this concept in the science curriculum. The participatory action research process involved a team of four science teachers, including the researcher, in partnership with an environmental centre. We progressively developed the meamng of environmental literacy by monitoring teaching innovations in the classroom, holding meetings and workshops and attending conferences where we shared classroom findings and reflected on our emerging understandings based on classroom experiences. Data collection involved: audio-recording of classroom lessons, interviews with teachers and students, audio-visual recording, classroom observations and students' questionnaires. The research process made apparent the complex nature of the process of clarifying and developing environmental literacy in this context. Classroom actiyities planned to inform the team's understanding of the meaning of environmental literacy and develop appropriate teaching methods encountered constraints associated with the education system and the legacy of colonialism. These contextual constraints crystallised the need for the education system to be transformed in order to make schools more conducive environments for the gevelopment of students' environmental literacy. While initially teachers were reluctant to engage in critical reflection, the research process did encourage the team to revise and expand their understandings of both environmental literacy in the science classroom, and the action research itself. The emerging meaning of environmental literacy in this context and how it may be developed among students does not involve a definition with prescriptive, effective teaching methods, but provides insights and understandings gained by the participants in their engagement with a reflective process of reconslructing meaning. I have come to understand environmental literacy during the study to be a process that should draw strongly on the local knowledge and understandings into the science curriculum, through participatory process-based curriculum development models.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Mokuku, Tsepo
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Environmental education -- Lesotho , Science -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- Lesotho
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:1503 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003385 , Environmental education -- Lesotho , Science -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- Lesotho
- Description: The dependency of educators in Lesotho on externally developed curriculum theories and concepts is fundamental to issues of relevance of the school curricula. This study set out to develop the meaning of environmental literacy in the context of three secondary schools and to explore appropriate teaching methods for the development of this concept in the science curriculum. The participatory action research process involved a team of four science teachers, including the researcher, in partnership with an environmental centre. We progressively developed the meamng of environmental literacy by monitoring teaching innovations in the classroom, holding meetings and workshops and attending conferences where we shared classroom findings and reflected on our emerging understandings based on classroom experiences. Data collection involved: audio-recording of classroom lessons, interviews with teachers and students, audio-visual recording, classroom observations and students' questionnaires. The research process made apparent the complex nature of the process of clarifying and developing environmental literacy in this context. Classroom actiyities planned to inform the team's understanding of the meaning of environmental literacy and develop appropriate teaching methods encountered constraints associated with the education system and the legacy of colonialism. These contextual constraints crystallised the need for the education system to be transformed in order to make schools more conducive environments for the gevelopment of students' environmental literacy. While initially teachers were reluctant to engage in critical reflection, the research process did encourage the team to revise and expand their understandings of both environmental literacy in the science classroom, and the action research itself. The emerging meaning of environmental literacy in this context and how it may be developed among students does not involve a definition with prescriptive, effective teaching methods, but provides insights and understandings gained by the participants in their engagement with a reflective process of reconslructing meaning. I have come to understand environmental literacy during the study to be a process that should draw strongly on the local knowledge and understandings into the science curriculum, through participatory process-based curriculum development models.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Cumulative mild head injury in contact sport: a comparison of the cognitive profiles of rugby players and non-contact sport controls with normative data
- Authors: Bold, Lisa Clare
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Head -- Wounds and injuries -- Psychology , Neuropsychological tests , Head -- Wounds and injuries , Sports injuries -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2935 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002444 , Head -- Wounds and injuries -- Psychology , Neuropsychological tests , Head -- Wounds and injuries , Sports injuries -- Psychological aspects
- Description: This study investigates the effects of cumulative mild head injury on the cognitive functioning of elite rugby players. A comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests was administered to top national (Springbok) rugby players (n=26), national Under 21 rugby players (n= 19), and a non-contact sport control group of national hockey players (n=21). The test results of the Total Rugby group (Springbok Rugby and Under 21 Rugby players), the Under 21 Rugby group, the hockey controls, and the Total Rugby and Under 21 Rugby forward and backline players respectively, were each compared with established normative data. Results showed significant differences in the direction of a poorer performance relative to the norms for the Total Rugby and Under 21 Rugby groups, and for the Total Rugby Forwards and Under 21 Rugby Forwards, on tests sensitive to the effects of diffuse brain damage. On the other hand, the Hockey Control group and the Total Rugby Backs and Under 21 Rugby Backs tended to perform within the normal range or better than the norm on some tests. These results confirm the hypothesis that rugby players, and the forward players in particular, are at risk of adverse cognitive effects consequent on cumulative mild head injury. The theoretical implications are that the aggregate effects of multiple exposures to mild head injuries in the rugby players served to reduce their brain reserve capacities and acted as a threshold-lowering influence associated with symptom onset.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Bold, Lisa Clare
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Head -- Wounds and injuries -- Psychology , Neuropsychological tests , Head -- Wounds and injuries , Sports injuries -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2935 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002444 , Head -- Wounds and injuries -- Psychology , Neuropsychological tests , Head -- Wounds and injuries , Sports injuries -- Psychological aspects
- Description: This study investigates the effects of cumulative mild head injury on the cognitive functioning of elite rugby players. A comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests was administered to top national (Springbok) rugby players (n=26), national Under 21 rugby players (n= 19), and a non-contact sport control group of national hockey players (n=21). The test results of the Total Rugby group (Springbok Rugby and Under 21 Rugby players), the Under 21 Rugby group, the hockey controls, and the Total Rugby and Under 21 Rugby forward and backline players respectively, were each compared with established normative data. Results showed significant differences in the direction of a poorer performance relative to the norms for the Total Rugby and Under 21 Rugby groups, and for the Total Rugby Forwards and Under 21 Rugby Forwards, on tests sensitive to the effects of diffuse brain damage. On the other hand, the Hockey Control group and the Total Rugby Backs and Under 21 Rugby Backs tended to perform within the normal range or better than the norm on some tests. These results confirm the hypothesis that rugby players, and the forward players in particular, are at risk of adverse cognitive effects consequent on cumulative mild head injury. The theoretical implications are that the aggregate effects of multiple exposures to mild head injuries in the rugby players served to reduce their brain reserve capacities and acted as a threshold-lowering influence associated with symptom onset.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Njambaar
- Mbaye Ndiaye (lead vocal, riiti), Ibou Tine, Moustapha Dione, Fatou Talla Ndiaye, Arame Camara (chorus), Alioune Gueye (guitar), Elou Fall (keyboard, programming, drums), Pape Ndiaye (percussion), Jololi
- Authors: Mbaye Ndiaye (lead vocal, riiti) , Ibou Tine, Moustapha Dione, Fatou Talla Ndiaye, Arame Camara (chorus) , Alioune Gueye (guitar) , Elou Fall (keyboard, programming, drums) , Pape Ndiaye (percussion) , Jololi
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Folk music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130449 , vital:36421 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC43-02
- Description: Traditional Senegalese song performed with traditional instruments featuring the riiti Senegalese violin, the xalam, and the tama, as well as percussion and guitar
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Mbaye Ndiaye (lead vocal, riiti) , Ibou Tine, Moustapha Dione, Fatou Talla Ndiaye, Arame Camara (chorus) , Alioune Gueye (guitar) , Elou Fall (keyboard, programming, drums) , Pape Ndiaye (percussion) , Jololi
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Folk music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130449 , vital:36421 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC43-02
- Description: Traditional Senegalese song performed with traditional instruments featuring the riiti Senegalese violin, the xalam, and the tama, as well as percussion and guitar
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Dikalo
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Priscilia Ngando (composer), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Priscilia Ngando (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130836 , vital:36486 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-03
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Priscilia Ngando (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130836 , vital:36486 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-03
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Bakouende
- Adama Drame (performer, arranger, composer, djembe, tama, doumdoum, chekere, voice, harmonica), Yacouba Kone (djembe), Bakari Doumbia (zin-zin), Mamadou Diabate ( balafon), Djesou Mory Kante (accoustic and electric guitar), Adjara Cisse (lead vocal), Oulare, Mariame Sylla, Tagaly (chorus), Adama Troare (accoustic guitar), Augustin Lompo (bass), Bassirou Sanou (flute), Tinminu Adio (tama), Brass: Andre Laourou, Dadie, Franck Desamin, Dramane Kienou (djembe accompaniment), Lamine Soumano (kora), Seydoni Production B.F.
- Authors: Adama Drame (performer, arranger, composer, djembe, tama, doumdoum, chekere, voice, harmonica) , Yacouba Kone (djembe) , Bakari Doumbia (zin-zin) , Mamadou Diabate ( balafon) , Djesou Mory Kante (accoustic and electric guitar) , Adjara Cisse (lead vocal) , Oulare, Mariame Sylla, Tagaly (chorus) , Adama Troare (accoustic guitar) , Augustin Lompo (bass) , Bassirou Sanou (flute) , Tinminu Adio (tama) , Brass: Andre Laourou, Dadie, Franck Desamin , Dramane Kienou (djembe accompaniment) , Lamine Soumano (kora) , Seydoni Production B.F.
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Burkina Faso Ouagadougou f-uv
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128712 , vital:36144 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC14-02
- Description: Music from Burkino Faso played and sung in the griot style commenting on historical and contemporary events
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Adama Drame (performer, arranger, composer, djembe, tama, doumdoum, chekere, voice, harmonica) , Yacouba Kone (djembe) , Bakari Doumbia (zin-zin) , Mamadou Diabate ( balafon) , Djesou Mory Kante (accoustic and electric guitar) , Adjara Cisse (lead vocal) , Oulare, Mariame Sylla, Tagaly (chorus) , Adama Troare (accoustic guitar) , Augustin Lompo (bass) , Bassirou Sanou (flute) , Tinminu Adio (tama) , Brass: Andre Laourou, Dadie, Franck Desamin , Dramane Kienou (djembe accompaniment) , Lamine Soumano (kora) , Seydoni Production B.F.
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Burkina Faso Ouagadougou f-uv
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128712 , vital:36144 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC14-02
- Description: Music from Burkino Faso played and sung in the griot style commenting on historical and contemporary events
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Biliguiri
- Founy Faya (author, composer, lead vocal), Marcelin Yace (flute), Evan's Yace (guitar, arrangement), Jojo (bass), Kone Ibrahim, Founy Faya (percussion), Astride, Oliza, Hariton T Cheky (chorus), Showbiz
- Authors: Founy Faya (author, composer, lead vocal) , Marcelin Yace (flute) , Evan's Yace (guitar, arrangement) , Jojo (bass) , Kone Ibrahim, Founy Faya (percussion) , Astride, Oliza, Hariton T Cheky (chorus) , Showbiz
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Reggae music , Africa Cote d'Ivoire Abidjan f-iv
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129673 , vital:36319 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC31-06
- Description: Reggae music from Cote d'Ivoire's Burkinabe's diaspora
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Founy Faya (author, composer, lead vocal) , Marcelin Yace (flute) , Evan's Yace (guitar, arrangement) , Jojo (bass) , Kone Ibrahim, Founy Faya (percussion) , Astride, Oliza, Hariton T Cheky (chorus) , Showbiz
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Reggae music , Africa Cote d'Ivoire Abidjan f-iv
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129673 , vital:36319 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC31-06
- Description: Reggae music from Cote d'Ivoire's Burkinabe's diaspora
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Dalulu
- Fatou Laobe (performer, composer), Mareme Ndiaye, Kouna Sow, Aissata Sow, Law Kouyate (chorus), Mbeya Samb (bass guitar), Assana Aldara (guitar), Azizi Diallo (piano), Beydi Thior (pianos), Law Kouyate (kora), Amadou Athiel (xalam), Moussa Gningue (drums), Elle Mbaye, Mbaye Thiam (sabar), Jololi
- Authors: Fatou Laobe (performer, composer) , Mareme Ndiaye, Kouna Sow, Aissata Sow, Law Kouyate (chorus) , Mbeya Samb (bass guitar) , Assana Aldara (guitar) , Azizi Diallo (piano) , Beydi Thior (pianos) , Law Kouyate (kora) , Amadou Athiel (xalam) , Moussa Gningue (drums) , Elle Mbaye, Mbaye Thiam (sabar) , Jololi
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/127735 , vital:36040 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDCO6-08
- Description: Senegalese band featuring solo and chorus singers accampanied by kora, xalam, sabar, guitar and piano
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Fatou Laobe (performer, composer) , Mareme Ndiaye, Kouna Sow, Aissata Sow, Law Kouyate (chorus) , Mbeya Samb (bass guitar) , Assana Aldara (guitar) , Azizi Diallo (piano) , Beydi Thior (pianos) , Law Kouyate (kora) , Amadou Athiel (xalam) , Moussa Gningue (drums) , Elle Mbaye, Mbaye Thiam (sabar) , Jololi
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/127735 , vital:36040 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDCO6-08
- Description: Senegalese band featuring solo and chorus singers accampanied by kora, xalam, sabar, guitar and piano
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Africa Unity
- Founy Faya (author, composer, lead vocal), Marcelin Yace (flute), Evan's Yace (guitar, arrangement), Jojo (bass), Kone Ibrahim, Founy Faya (percussion), Astride, Oliza, Hariton T Cheky (chorus), Showbiz
- Authors: Founy Faya (author, composer, lead vocal) , Marcelin Yace (flute) , Evan's Yace (guitar, arrangement) , Jojo (bass) , Kone Ibrahim, Founy Faya (percussion) , Astride, Oliza, Hariton T Cheky (chorus) , Showbiz
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Reggae music , Africa Cote d'Ivoire Abidjan f-iv
- Language: French , English
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129641 , vital:36315 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC31-02
- Description: Reggae music from Cote d'Ivoire's Burkinabe's diaspora
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Founy Faya (author, composer, lead vocal) , Marcelin Yace (flute) , Evan's Yace (guitar, arrangement) , Jojo (bass) , Kone Ibrahim, Founy Faya (percussion) , Astride, Oliza, Hariton T Cheky (chorus) , Showbiz
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Reggae music , Africa Cote d'Ivoire Abidjan f-iv
- Language: French , English
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129641 , vital:36315 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC31-02
- Description: Reggae music from Cote d'Ivoire's Burkinabe's diaspora
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Patterns of belief in Bushman creation tales: an interpretive study relating to /Xam, Maluti, and Zu/'oasi sources
- Authors: Howard, Nadine B
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: South Africa , Creation -- Mythology , Spirituality -- Africa , San (African people) -- Religion , San (African people) -- Folklore
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:549 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019978 , Donated by Geoffrey Howard, 2010.
- Description: “Patterns of Belief in Bushman Creation Tales” regard /Xam, Maluti, and Zu/’oasi mythology. The study divides into three sections. The Early Period of Conceptual Unity concerns creation of the eland, a symbolic antelope. All beings are animal-persons of the early race. The /Xam deity /Kaggen creates and secretly cares for an eland to whom he feeds honey. The family, missing honey, sends Mongoose to spy on /Kaggen. He sees the eland and informs his father who kills it without Kaggen’s knowledge. Kaggen weeps bitterly. Elsewhere, when Cagn’s away Maluti sons hunt and discover an unknown creature. They try repeatedly to stab it as it breaks away, but returns to lay down. Finally Gewi kills it. They take meat and blood home, but later see Cagn’s snares and feel afraid. The Transition Period of Conceptual Separation and Restoration follows. Separation of animals and people takes place through re-creation and naming. The former animal-person world passes away. Maluti elands are re-created as Gewi tries to undo his “mischief”. Churning the eland’s blood, it scatters, becoming snakes, then hartebeests. Cagn and his wife help: spinning blood, adding fat from the heart. They produce multitudes of untamed elands. Gewi who “spoilt” them must hunt and kill one, but he fails. Cagn then teaches both sons to hunt. However, his elands are swift, and he will now dwell in their bones. “That day game were given to men to eat,” and the transition to knowing is made. Zu/’oasi animal-persons journey to the fire of creation; there to be beautifully marked or otherwise distinguished. /Xam antelope await their naming through the eating or drinking of liquid honeys which colour their hides. The Third Section offers an overview of concepts the thesis presents. It also bears the key to unlock a very old mystery. , Intended as a Masters of Arts thesis for the University of Natal, the author was unable to complete the final chapter before her death, and the thesis was never submitted for examination. It was the wish of her husband that her careful study should be brought to light and be made available to other students of this field.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Howard, Nadine B
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: South Africa , Creation -- Mythology , Spirituality -- Africa , San (African people) -- Religion , San (African people) -- Folklore
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:549 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019978 , Donated by Geoffrey Howard, 2010.
- Description: “Patterns of Belief in Bushman Creation Tales” regard /Xam, Maluti, and Zu/’oasi mythology. The study divides into three sections. The Early Period of Conceptual Unity concerns creation of the eland, a symbolic antelope. All beings are animal-persons of the early race. The /Xam deity /Kaggen creates and secretly cares for an eland to whom he feeds honey. The family, missing honey, sends Mongoose to spy on /Kaggen. He sees the eland and informs his father who kills it without Kaggen’s knowledge. Kaggen weeps bitterly. Elsewhere, when Cagn’s away Maluti sons hunt and discover an unknown creature. They try repeatedly to stab it as it breaks away, but returns to lay down. Finally Gewi kills it. They take meat and blood home, but later see Cagn’s snares and feel afraid. The Transition Period of Conceptual Separation and Restoration follows. Separation of animals and people takes place through re-creation and naming. The former animal-person world passes away. Maluti elands are re-created as Gewi tries to undo his “mischief”. Churning the eland’s blood, it scatters, becoming snakes, then hartebeests. Cagn and his wife help: spinning blood, adding fat from the heart. They produce multitudes of untamed elands. Gewi who “spoilt” them must hunt and kill one, but he fails. Cagn then teaches both sons to hunt. However, his elands are swift, and he will now dwell in their bones. “That day game were given to men to eat,” and the transition to knowing is made. Zu/’oasi animal-persons journey to the fire of creation; there to be beautifully marked or otherwise distinguished. /Xam antelope await their naming through the eating or drinking of liquid honeys which colour their hides. The Third Section offers an overview of concepts the thesis presents. It also bears the key to unlock a very old mystery. , Intended as a Masters of Arts thesis for the University of Natal, the author was unable to complete the final chapter before her death, and the thesis was never submitted for examination. It was the wish of her husband that her careful study should be brought to light and be made available to other students of this field.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Incident
- Ma Sane, Do Sagna, Yade (vocals), Toto (guitar), Race, Magx Thiam (keyboards), Galass, Mbaye Joola (percussion), Beuz (drums), Studio 2000
- Authors: Ma Sane, Do Sagna, Yade (vocals) , Toto (guitar) , Race, Magx Thiam (keyboards) , Galass, Mbaye Joola (percussion) , Beuz (drums) , Studio 2000
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Thies f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128118 , vital:36078 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC10-03
- Description: Senegalese band featuring singing accompanied by keyboard, guitar and percussion
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Ma Sane, Do Sagna, Yade (vocals) , Toto (guitar) , Race, Magx Thiam (keyboards) , Galass, Mbaye Joola (percussion) , Beuz (drums) , Studio 2000
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Thies f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128118 , vital:36078 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC10-03
- Description: Senegalese band featuring singing accompanied by keyboard, guitar and percussion
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
The use of indigenous macroinvertebrates and Daphnia pulex in acute toxicity testing
- Authors: Everitt, Victoria Jane
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Water -- Pollution -- Toxicology , Toxicity testing , Daphnia pulex
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5795 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005483
- Description: Aquatic toxicology has been identified as a valuable tool in the identification and management of chemical pollution in aquatic ecosystems. Standardised methodologies for acute aquatic bioassays have been adopted from international agencies. As a result of these standard methods, the use of laboratory cultured organisms for toxicity testing has been more popular than that of indigenous field-caught organisms. Included in these adopted methods are those for the cultured crustacean Daphnia pUlex. D.pulex is adapted to living in standing water and the suitability of this species to determine toxic effects for South African riverine environments, which are largely flowing, has been questioned. Thus this thesis is a case-study ofthe use of D.pulex and indigenous site-specific macroinvertebrates as toxicity test organisms for setting acute water quality guidelines to protect aquatic ecosystems. The study highlights site-specific problems such as reference sites and organism identification. The acute tolerance of selected indigenous invertebrates was compared to that of D. pulex, using both a single-substance reference toxicant (zinc) and selected whole efiluents. The significance of source population and culture age as a potential source of biological variability between D.pulex cultures was also investigated. D.pulex cultures have been initiated in South Africa from females collected from a number of different local populations; also it is assumed that no genetic change (due to mutation) occurs within a D.pulex culture over time. In order to establish if source population and culture age are a source of biological variability between D.pulex experiments, the acute tolerJuce to zinc of two different D.pulex populations and three different generations within a population were compared. Due to experimental variability results were inconclusive, and differences in tolerance as a result of population difference or culture age could not be determined with confidence. The acute tolerance of D.pulex to a single reference chemical (zinc) and selected whole efiluents was compared to that of selected indigenous invertebrates. Acute 48 h D.pulex zinc tolerance (LC50 range: 0.22 - 0.60 mg/l Zn) was found to be more sensitive than acute 96 h tolerances shown by mayfly species A.fconurus peringueyi (Heptageniidae) (LC50: 17.42 mg/l Zn), Euthrauluselegans (Leptophlebiidae) (LC50: 0.98 mg/IZn), Ba~tidae (LC50: 0.94mg/IZn) and shrimp, Caradina nilotica (Atyidae) (LC50: 3.17 mg/l Zn). This result suggests that guidelines for zinc set using D.pulex will protect the selected indigenous invertebrates. Selected whole eftluents were not acutely toxic to either D.pulex or selected indigenous invertebrates. These experiments were used as a case study for method development regarding the comparative use of D.pulex and indigenous invertebrates in acute whole eftluent toxicity testing. Finally, it is recommended that a suite of indigenous organisms (e.g. macroinvertebrates, fish and algae), as well as laboratory cultured D.pulex, be used in the initial setting of guidelines and that D.pulex be used for routine compliance monitoring. It is futher recommended that a suite of available monitoring methods, such as chemical and biomonitoring methodologies, be used in conjuction with toxicity testing in water quality management.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Everitt, Victoria Jane
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Water -- Pollution -- Toxicology , Toxicity testing , Daphnia pulex
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5795 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005483
- Description: Aquatic toxicology has been identified as a valuable tool in the identification and management of chemical pollution in aquatic ecosystems. Standardised methodologies for acute aquatic bioassays have been adopted from international agencies. As a result of these standard methods, the use of laboratory cultured organisms for toxicity testing has been more popular than that of indigenous field-caught organisms. Included in these adopted methods are those for the cultured crustacean Daphnia pUlex. D.pulex is adapted to living in standing water and the suitability of this species to determine toxic effects for South African riverine environments, which are largely flowing, has been questioned. Thus this thesis is a case-study ofthe use of D.pulex and indigenous site-specific macroinvertebrates as toxicity test organisms for setting acute water quality guidelines to protect aquatic ecosystems. The study highlights site-specific problems such as reference sites and organism identification. The acute tolerance of selected indigenous invertebrates was compared to that of D. pulex, using both a single-substance reference toxicant (zinc) and selected whole efiluents. The significance of source population and culture age as a potential source of biological variability between D.pulex cultures was also investigated. D.pulex cultures have been initiated in South Africa from females collected from a number of different local populations; also it is assumed that no genetic change (due to mutation) occurs within a D.pulex culture over time. In order to establish if source population and culture age are a source of biological variability between D.pulex experiments, the acute tolerJuce to zinc of two different D.pulex populations and three different generations within a population were compared. Due to experimental variability results were inconclusive, and differences in tolerance as a result of population difference or culture age could not be determined with confidence. The acute tolerance of D.pulex to a single reference chemical (zinc) and selected whole efiluents was compared to that of selected indigenous invertebrates. Acute 48 h D.pulex zinc tolerance (LC50 range: 0.22 - 0.60 mg/l Zn) was found to be more sensitive than acute 96 h tolerances shown by mayfly species A.fconurus peringueyi (Heptageniidae) (LC50: 17.42 mg/l Zn), Euthrauluselegans (Leptophlebiidae) (LC50: 0.98 mg/IZn), Ba~tidae (LC50: 0.94mg/IZn) and shrimp, Caradina nilotica (Atyidae) (LC50: 3.17 mg/l Zn). This result suggests that guidelines for zinc set using D.pulex will protect the selected indigenous invertebrates. Selected whole eftluents were not acutely toxic to either D.pulex or selected indigenous invertebrates. These experiments were used as a case study for method development regarding the comparative use of D.pulex and indigenous invertebrates in acute whole eftluent toxicity testing. Finally, it is recommended that a suite of indigenous organisms (e.g. macroinvertebrates, fish and algae), as well as laboratory cultured D.pulex, be used in the initial setting of guidelines and that D.pulex be used for routine compliance monitoring. It is futher recommended that a suite of available monitoring methods, such as chemical and biomonitoring methodologies, be used in conjuction with toxicity testing in water quality management.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
Assessing alternative assessment: students' experiences of the different forms of assessment in a Bachelor of Education course
- Authors: Hendricks, Monica
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Education, Higher -- South Africa -- Evaluation Educational tests and measurements -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1424 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003305
- Description: In this study I examine the current alternative forms of assessment that were employed in the foundation year of the Bachelor of Education course at Rhodes University in 1998. Since assessment is concerned with ascertaining the amount, and kind, of learning that has taken place, it links learning and teaching. As my role in the course was academic development, I was interested in the nature ofthe development that the course promoted, for lecturers and students. My main intention was to gain insight into students' experiences of the assessment practices. To this end I selected six students, photocopied all their academic writing for the year and interviewed them. In addition, to provide a holistic picture of assessment and marking, I interviewed the six lecturers who team-taught the course. The data thus included the course assignments of the six students and an interview with each student as well as with the course lecturers. The findings show that though policy documents advocate alternative forms of assessment, implementing such assessment is a complex matter for both teachers and students.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Hendricks, Monica
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Education, Higher -- South Africa -- Evaluation Educational tests and measurements -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1424 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003305
- Description: In this study I examine the current alternative forms of assessment that were employed in the foundation year of the Bachelor of Education course at Rhodes University in 1998. Since assessment is concerned with ascertaining the amount, and kind, of learning that has taken place, it links learning and teaching. As my role in the course was academic development, I was interested in the nature ofthe development that the course promoted, for lecturers and students. My main intention was to gain insight into students' experiences of the assessment practices. To this end I selected six students, photocopied all their academic writing for the year and interviewed them. In addition, to provide a holistic picture of assessment and marking, I interviewed the six lecturers who team-taught the course. The data thus included the course assignments of the six students and an interview with each student as well as with the course lecturers. The findings show that though policy documents advocate alternative forms of assessment, implementing such assessment is a complex matter for both teachers and students.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2000