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Genetic analysis reveals harvested Lethrinus nebulosus in the Southwest Indian Ocean comprise two cryptic species

- Healey, Amy J E, Gouws, Gavin, Fennessy, Sean T, Kuguru, Baraka, Sauer, Warwick H H, Shaw, Paul W, McKeown, Niall J

Authors: Healey, Amy J E , Gouws, Gavin , Fennessy, Sean T , Kuguru, Baraka , Sauer, Warwick H H , Shaw, Paul W , McKeown, Niall J
Date: 2018
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/124538 , vital:35626 , https://doi.10.1093/icesjms/fsx245
Description: This study initially aimed to investigate the genetic population/stock structuring of Lethrinus nebulosus in the Southwest Indian Ocean (SWIO) to inform management practices in light of emerging evidence of overharvesting of this species throughout its distribution. Adult samples were genotyped for 14 nuclear microsatellites and by sequencing fragments of the mtDNA control region and COI gene. A salient feature of the data was the congruent cyto-nuclear partitioning of samples into two high divergent, reciprocally monophyletic groups. This indicates that despite no a priori evidence, hitherto described L. nebulosus in the SWIO comprises two cryptic species that co-occur among southern samples. This intermingling indicates that, at least in southern samples, both species are being indiscriminately harvested, which may severely compromise sustainability. Limited microsatellite differentiation was detected within both species, though there was some evidence of isolation in the Mauritian population. In contrast, mtDNA revealed a pattern consistent with chaotic genetic patchiness, likely promoted by stochastic recruitment, which may necessitate a spatial bet-hedging approach to management to satisfy fishery management and conservation goals.
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Date Issued: 2018

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STAT3 interacts directly with Hsp90:

- Prinsloo, Earl, Kramer, Adam H, Edkins, Adrienne L, Blatch, Gregory L

Authors: Prinsloo, Earl , Kramer, Adam H , Edkins, Adrienne L , Blatch, Gregory L
Date: 2012
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/165142 , vital:41212 , DOI: 10.1002/iub.607
Description: Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) functionally modulates signal transduction. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mediates interleukin‐6 family cytokine signaling. Aberrant activation and mutation of STAT3 is associated with oncogenesis and immune disorders, respectively. Hsp90 and STAT3 have previously been shown to colocalize and coimmunoprecipitate in common complexes.
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Date Issued: 2012

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Campaigns Bulletin : The government is starving us to death!

- SAMWU

Authors: SAMWU
Date: May 2001
Subjects: SAMWU
Language: English, Zulu, Swati, Xhosa, sePedi, seSotho and Afrikaans
Type: text
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/113438 , vital:33775
Description: The wage talks are resuming on May 8th 2001. At the time of going to print, all provinces were holding marches all over the country to highlight our demands for a living wage. Currently on the table is a proposal by the conciliator that all parties should agree to accept an 8% across the board increase, and an increase in the minimum wage to R1900. Firstly this proposal has not yet been accepted by the employer. At the conciliation, the employer stuck to 5% only. Secondly this falls short of our demand. It means we will not get the R300 across the board. Any worker earning below R3800 per month is going to get an increase of less than R300. The hardest hit will be workers earning from R1700 - R3000 who will only get R136 - R240. There is nothing more we can get from conciliation or negotiations. It is now up to YOU the workers to decide if you will accept the 8% offer put on the table by the conciliator!
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Date Issued: May 2001

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Homology modeling and docking of AahII-Nanobody complexes reveal the epitope binding site on AahII scorpion toxin

- Ksouri, Ayoub, Ghedira, Kais, Abderrazek, Rahma Ben, Shankar, B A Gowri, Benkahla, Alia, Tastan Bishop, Özlem, Bouhaouala-Zahar, Balkis

Authors: Ksouri, Ayoub , Ghedira, Kais , Abderrazek, Rahma Ben , Shankar, B A Gowri , Benkahla, Alia , Tastan Bishop, Özlem , Bouhaouala-Zahar, Balkis
Date: 2018
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/124604 , vital:35637 , https://doi.10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.036
Description: Scorpion envenoming and its treatment is a public health problem in many parts of the world due to highly toxic venom polypeptides diffusing rapidly within the body of severely envenomed victims. Recently, 38 AahII-specific Nanobody sequences (Nbs) were retrieved from which the performance of NbAahII10 nanobody candidate, to neutralize the most poisonous venom compound namely AahII acting on sodium channels, was established. Herein, structural computational approach is conducted to elucidate the Nb-AahII interactions that support the biological characteristics, using Nb multiple sequence alignment (MSA) followed by modeling and molecular docking investigations (RosettaAntibody, ZDOCK software tools). Sequence and structural analysis showed two dissimilar residues of NbAahII10 CDR1 (Tyr27 and Tyr29) and an inserted polar residue Ser30 that appear to play an important role. Indeed, CDR3 region of NbAahII10 is characterized by a specific Met104 and two negatively chargedresidues Asp115 and Asp117. Complex dockings reveal that NbAahII17 and NbAahII38 share one common binding site on the surface of the AahII toxin divergent from the NbAahII10 one's. At least, a couple of NbAahII10 e AahII residue interactions (Gln38 e Asn44 and Arg62, His64, respectively) are mainly involved in the toxic AahII binding site. Altogether, this study gives valuable insights in the design and development of next generation of antivenom.
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Date Issued: 2018

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Designing and reporting pictogram research: problems, pitfalls and lessons learnt

- Dowse, Roslind

Authors: Dowse, Roslind
Date: 2020
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/157083 , vital:40085 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.08.013
Description: Research describing the design, evaluation or use of pictograms for various health-related applications is receiving increasing attention in the literature. However, recent reviews of this body of literature have commented adversely on the overall quality of the research, highlighting problems with the pictogram design process, as well as calling for improvement in both the methodology and reporting of all aspects of designing, developing, modifying, evaluating and applying pictograms in practice. The heterogeneity in study design, as well as in the interventions and outcomes measured, prevents overall conclusions being drawn about the effectiveness of pictograms on comprehension and medicine-taking behaviour such as adherence and self-care. The reporting of such research should provide adequate detail to enable reproducibility and replicability of the research. This article offers guidance in designing and reporting pictogram-based research, highlighting areas that are often problematic or inadequately addressed.
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Date Issued: 2020

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SADTU Western Cape Bulletin - Vol 1

- SADTU

Authors: SADTU
Date: 1993
Subjects: SADTU
Language: English
Type: text
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134655 , vital:37187
Description: We are forced to acknowledge the major strides which SADTU has made as a union representing the interests of its members. But with equal sobriety and honesty, we have to take stock of the enormous challenges which lie ahead of a union, which is still relatively weak, both structurally and programmatically. Several branches have not been functioning effectively because of the inconsistency of leadership and grassroots members. The crisis of commitment is also reflected in the irregularity of union meetings at site and branch level and the crisis-related activities of SADTU. Because of our weakness in local structures, we are thus forced to respond in a knee-jerk manner to each specific crisis, without consolidating, the members(or non-members) in a union building process.
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Date Issued: 1993

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Endothermy in African Platypleurine Cicadas: the influence of body size and habitat (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)

- Sanborn, Allen F, Villet, Martin H, Phillips, P K

Authors: Sanborn, Allen F , Villet, Martin H , Phillips, P K
Date: 2004
Language: English
Type: text , Article
Identifier: vital:6925 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011912
Description: The platypleurine cicadas have a wide distribution across Africa and southern Asia. We investigate endothermy as a thermoregulatory strategy in 11 South African species from five genera, with comparisons to the lone ectothermic platypleurine we found, in an attempt to ascertain any influence that habitat and/or body size have on the expression of endothermy in the platypleurine cicadas. Field measurements of body temperature (Tb) show that these animals regulate Tb through endogenous heat production. Heat production in the laboratory elevated Tb to the same range as in animals active in the field. Maximum Tb measured during calling activity when there was no access to solar radiation ranged from 13.2° to 22.3°C above ambient temperature in the five species measured. The mean Tb during activity without access to solar radiation did not differ from the mean Tb during diurnal activity. All platypleurines exhibit a unique behavior for cicadas while warming endogenously, a temperature- dependent telescoping pulsation of the abdomen that probably functions in ventilation. Platypleurines generally call from trunks and branches within the canopy and appear to rely on endothermy even when the sun is available to elevate Tb, in contrast to the facultative endothermy exhibited by New World endothermic species. The two exceptions to this generalization we found within the platypleurines are Platypleura wahlbergi and Albanycada albigera, which were the smallest species studied. The small size of P. wahlbergi appears to have altered their thermoregulatory strategy to one of facultative endothermy, whereby they use the sun when it is available to facilitate increases in Tb. Albanycada albigera is the only ectothermic platypleurine we found. The habitat and host plant association of A. albigera appear to have influenced the choice of ectothermy as a thermoregulatory strategy, as the species possesses the metabolic machinery to elevate to the Tb range observed in the endothermic species. Therefore, size and habitat appear to influence the expression of thermoregulatory strategies in African platypleurine cicadas.
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Date Issued: 2004

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Oldest known naiaditid bivalve from the high-latitude Late Devonian (Famennian) of South Africa offers clues to survival strategies following the Hangenberg mass extinction

- Scholze, Frank, Gess, Robert W

Authors: Scholze, Frank , Gess, Robert W
Date: 2017
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/73921 , vital:30241 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.01.018
Description: A phased mass extinction event (which culminated in the Hangenberg event) marked the end of the Devonian period and had a significant impact on the palaeoecology and faunal diversity of vertebrate and invertebrate communities. In the present study the taxonomy of bivalves from the Waterloo Farm lagerstätte of the Upper Devonian, Famennian, Witpoort Formation (Witteberg Group, Cape Supergroup) was studied and compared with known Carboniferous examples. For the first time, Devonian bivalves of the Naiaditidae are described from a high-latitude palaeogeographic setting of Gondwana. The presented data suggests a high-latitude origin for post-Hangenberg event Naiaditidae, found at lower latitudes during the Early Carboniferous. This may have resulted from migration to lower latitudes in response to reduced global temperatures, which were associated with climatic perturbation at the time of the Hangenberg event, and which persisted into the Early Carboniferous. Taxa that were adapted to temperature ranges existing at high latitudes during the Late Devonian are likely to have followed these temperature ranges towards lower latitudes with decreasing global temperatures. Here they may have occupied free ecospace available in the aftermath of the Late Devonian extinction event.
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Date Issued: 2017

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‘The Gentle Art of Letting the Other Fellow Have Your Own Way': Viewpoints on a media narrative used to promote the proposed N2 toll road

- Farrington, Katie, Davies, Kate

Authors: Farrington, Katie , Davies, Kate
Date: 2004
Language: English
Type: Article
Identifier: vital:6098 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008628
Description: This viewpoint paper is written in response to a South African National Roads Agency (SANRAL) advertorial published in various South African regional newspapers in February 2004. We highlight the importance of developing ‘media literacy’ – reading skills which enable the critical deconstruction of media texts. We explore, more specifically, the public relations strategies used by large corporations, and the media’s role as disseminators of corporate marketing material.We also look at the relevance in identifying the language and discourse positioning the writer, photographer, reader and their choice representative medium.
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Date Issued: 2004

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What to expect when you’re not expecting : child-freedom, social stigma, and online subjectivities

- Morison, Tracy

Authors: Morison, Tracy
Date: 2013
Language: English
Type: Conference paper , text
Identifier: vital:6210 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003915
Description: From Introduction: Today I’m presenting some of the preliminary findings of a study about voluntary childlessness conducted with Indian, Polish, and fellow South African collaborators. Voluntary childlessness is also frequently referred to as being childless by choice or childfree. The term childfree (as opposed to ‘childless’) is intended to show that not having children “can be an active and fulfilling choice”, and to indicate agency and freedom from social obligation. The distinguishing feature of voluntary childlessness is the deliberate avoidance of parenthood, and this is precisely what opens up childfree people, especially married heterosexuals, to greater stigma than the temporarily or involuntarily childless, since it is seen as willing and deliberate deviation from the norm. Having children is seen as a natural consequence of being a “normal” heterosexual woman or man, as well as an expected outcome of marriage. Parenthood is therefore normalised by regulative discourses around sexuality and gender. This process of normalisation is reinforced by pronatalist discourse. According to Meyers, pronatalism rests upon twin strategies: The first is the valorisation or glorification of parenthood, which supports the belief that having children is the only true path to fulfilment. The second strategy is the denigration of non-reproduction in which childlessness is cast as horrific. The result of these dual strategies is to eliminate deliberate childlessness as a possibility. Parenthood, as the only truly viable option for a fulfilling life, is therefore a non-choice. This is compounded by nationalistic and religious rhetoric that constructs childbearing as an obligation or duty. Consequently, as my previous research showed, people often do not reflect on whether to have children or not, but see it more as a matter of timing.
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Date Issued: 2013

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Rhodeo, Vol. 21, No. 9

Date: 1967-05-18
Subjects: Grahamstown -- Newspapers , Journalism, Students -- South Africa , Rhodes University -- Activate , Rhodes University -- Students , Student newspapers and periodicals -- South Africa
Language: English
Type: Text
Identifier: vital:14563 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019435
Description: Rhodeo is the Independent Student Newspaper of Rhodes University. Located in Grahamstown, Rhodeo was established in 1947, and renamed in 1994 as Activate. During apartheid Rhodeo became an active part of the struggle for freedom of expression as part of the now defunct South African Student Press Union. Currently Activate is committed to informing Rhodes University students, staff and community members about relevant issues, mainly on campus. These issues range from hard news to more creative journalism. While Activate acts as a news source, one of its main objectives it to be accessible as a training ground for student journalists. The newspaper is run entirely by the students and is published twice a term. Activate is a free newspaper which receives an annual grant from the Rhodes University Student Representative Council, however, majority of its revenue is generated through advertising.
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Date Issued: 1967-05-18

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Briefing paper two: the National Security Management System

Date: 1986-06?
Subjects: National Security Management System (South Africa) , National security -- South Africa , South Africa -- Politics and government -- 20th century
Language: English
Type: text , book
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/76903 , vital:30635
Description: The aim of the government' s state of emergency in June 1986 was to try and bring the country under control through the use of force. Tens of thousands of people were detained, and many were tilled. At the same time, the government has been building a National Security Management System (NSMS). This is a series of structures throughout South Africa, designed to defend apartheid. The main type of structure is called a Joint Management Centre (JHC). Before we explain what a JMC is and what it does, it is useful to know where the idea for a National Security Management System comes from.
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Date Issued: 1986-06?

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Eggs and early larvae of the congrid eel Gnathophis capensis off Southern Africa

- Castle, P H J (Peter Henry John), Rhodes University. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology

Authors: Castle, P H J (Peter Henry John) , Rhodes University. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology
Date: 1969-03
Subjects: Eels , Fishes -- Larvae , Gnathophis capensis
Language: English
Type: text , book
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/69563 , vital:29549 , Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB)) Periodicals Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB))
Description: Online version of original print edition of the Special Publication of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology; No. 5 , Two hauls made in late January, 1930 off southern Africa by the Danish Dana Expedition contained developing eggs and very young larvae of the congrid eel Gnathophis capensis (Kaup, 1856). Collection of these specimens confirms the suggestion made from previous larval studies that spawning, development, and at least early larval growth of this species occurs in late summer in this area.
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Date Issued: 1969-03

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Ranking of topical corticosteroids: principles and results

- Smith, Eric W, Haigh, John M

Authors: Smith, Eric W , Haigh, John M
Date: 1993
Language: English
Type: text , Article
Identifier: vital:6434 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006607
Description: The increasing synthesis and use of topical corticosteroid products over the past 30 years has necessitated the development of suitable methods for evaluating the efficacy and potency of new drug entities. Several in vivo models have been developed in this regard using laboratory animals and human subjects. Generally, these tests measure the difference in the non-immunological inflammatory response to an exogenous inflammatory mediator in the presence and absence of the corticosteroid under test. There are also immunologically based assays and several tests which assess the anti proliferative effects of the drug. Several comparative disease model evaluations have also been developed using human subjects. Most of these assays are non-ideal from one point of view or another: most are invasive methods which require some form of trauma to be induced in the skin and therefore problematic to perform and monitor.
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Date Issued: 1993

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SA in the global economy

- TURP

Authors: TURP
Date: 1997
Subjects: TURP
Language: English
Type: text
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/160942 , vital:40569
Description: There are growing ties in the world between countries which coincides with current major social, political and economic restructuring. This is what many refer to as “globalisation”. Globalisation is a process which involves greater influence by global forces on individual countries such as South Africa. It means that global rules are being set which impact on: the policies of our government, the way companies in South Africa make their plans, the way that trade unions, community organisations and development organisations take up issues, and the way individuals make a living in the country. Globalisation has raised new and difficult issues for the labour movement and have thrown up new forms of struggle. Some of these issues have stumped and even demobilised some unionists in South Africa and internationally. Some feel that globalisation cannot be challenged and that there is no alternative. Others feel that we have not become powerless and that there are ways to fight its negative effects. Turp has published a book on these issues entitled, South Africa in the Global Economy: understanding the challenges, working towards alternatives. One of the main purposes of the book is to clarify what the new complex and challenging issues are. By doing this, we hope to clarify what we are up against.
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Date Issued: 1997

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