A framework to guide cybersecurity governance efforts in non-profit organisations
- Authors: le Roux, Wickus
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Computer security , Information technology Nonprofit organizations -- security measures
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44918 , vital:38188
- Description: The average non-profit organisation is faced with the same cybersecurity challenges as an international multi-corporation that generates income. However, it may lack the competencies or resources to fully utilise, implement, monitor, or evaluate cybersecurity governance to a satisfactory or acceptable level. A literature review revealed limited publicly accessible documents to guide NPOs in particular in the task of cybersecurity governance. Therefore, the problem addressed by this research is the lack of a framework to guide cybersecurity governance efforts in non-profit organisations. This real-world problem was approached using the design science paradigm. It was important to identify, firstly, factors unique to the general context of non-profit organisations, including the constraints and limitations faced by non-profit organisations. Secondly, the key cyber risks for non-profit organisations and how they can materialise through the use of emails, social media, and BYODs in the NPO context, were identified. As a third step, available cybersecurity governance guidelines were analysed to determine best practices. This investigation also revealed the people, process, and technology elements as the pillars of information security. This resulted in the development of a framework (the PotLer framework) to guide cybersecurity governance efforts in non-profit organisations based on the input of the three points mentioned above. The framework was constructed around four conceptual elements, namely information security governance; people, process, and technology; governance elements; and key risks. The PotLer framework expands the high-level generic constructs beyond the conceptual space and provides implementation guidance in the form of a questionnaire to be completed by NPOs. The questionnaire was developed as an interactive spreadsheet that requires “Yes” or “No” responses from participants and generates a recommendation based on these answers. To evaluate the PotLer framework, the aforementioned questionnaire was completed by four NPOs. An additional questionnaire obtained their input on the utility and comprehensiveness of the framework.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: le Roux, Wickus
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Computer security , Information technology Nonprofit organizations -- security measures
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44918 , vital:38188
- Description: The average non-profit organisation is faced with the same cybersecurity challenges as an international multi-corporation that generates income. However, it may lack the competencies or resources to fully utilise, implement, monitor, or evaluate cybersecurity governance to a satisfactory or acceptable level. A literature review revealed limited publicly accessible documents to guide NPOs in particular in the task of cybersecurity governance. Therefore, the problem addressed by this research is the lack of a framework to guide cybersecurity governance efforts in non-profit organisations. This real-world problem was approached using the design science paradigm. It was important to identify, firstly, factors unique to the general context of non-profit organisations, including the constraints and limitations faced by non-profit organisations. Secondly, the key cyber risks for non-profit organisations and how they can materialise through the use of emails, social media, and BYODs in the NPO context, were identified. As a third step, available cybersecurity governance guidelines were analysed to determine best practices. This investigation also revealed the people, process, and technology elements as the pillars of information security. This resulted in the development of a framework (the PotLer framework) to guide cybersecurity governance efforts in non-profit organisations based on the input of the three points mentioned above. The framework was constructed around four conceptual elements, namely information security governance; people, process, and technology; governance elements; and key risks. The PotLer framework expands the high-level generic constructs beyond the conceptual space and provides implementation guidance in the form of a questionnaire to be completed by NPOs. The questionnaire was developed as an interactive spreadsheet that requires “Yes” or “No” responses from participants and generates a recommendation based on these answers. To evaluate the PotLer framework, the aforementioned questionnaire was completed by four NPOs. An additional questionnaire obtained their input on the utility and comprehensiveness of the framework.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Perceptions of being a learner: an investigation into how first year Journalism students at a South African university construct themselves as learners
- Authors: Lunga, Carolyne Mande
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Journalism -- Study and teaching (Higher) -- South Africa , Students -- Attitudes , Students -- Self-rating of -- South Africa , Discourse analysis, Narrative , Active learning -- South Africa , Learning -- Evaluation , Learning, Psychology of , College freshmen -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1332 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020026
- Description: The aim of the research reported in this document was to explore the ways in which first year Journalism students at a South African University construct themselves as learners. The research adopted a case study approach of purposively selected first year journalism students. In exploring this area, focus group and individual in-depth interviewing were employed which illuminated important aspects of learner identity construction. In order to make sense of these self-constructions, the research was located in the larger debates on discourse as espoused by Michel Foucault who argues that discourse constructs subjectivities. The research demonstrated that there were various discourses at play which influenced how these learners spoke and behaved. The influence of these discourses on learners' experiences varied at different times of the year. For example, the awarding of the Duly Performed (DP) certificate for students who met the minimum attendance and work requirements of a particular course, the giving of tests, exercises and examinations were some of the technologies that 'forced' students into compliance. In terms of identity formation, the heterogeneous nature of 'being' a journalism 'student' revealed that the different discourses at play influenced learner behaviour and that their identities continued to change over the year. Doing additional subjects such as Sociology, Drama, Art History and others at the same time as Journalism and Media Studies also meant that the learners had to negotiate the differing role requirements.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Lunga, Carolyne Mande
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Journalism -- Study and teaching (Higher) -- South Africa , Students -- Attitudes , Students -- Self-rating of -- South Africa , Discourse analysis, Narrative , Active learning -- South Africa , Learning -- Evaluation , Learning, Psychology of , College freshmen -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1332 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020026
- Description: The aim of the research reported in this document was to explore the ways in which first year Journalism students at a South African University construct themselves as learners. The research adopted a case study approach of purposively selected first year journalism students. In exploring this area, focus group and individual in-depth interviewing were employed which illuminated important aspects of learner identity construction. In order to make sense of these self-constructions, the research was located in the larger debates on discourse as espoused by Michel Foucault who argues that discourse constructs subjectivities. The research demonstrated that there were various discourses at play which influenced how these learners spoke and behaved. The influence of these discourses on learners' experiences varied at different times of the year. For example, the awarding of the Duly Performed (DP) certificate for students who met the minimum attendance and work requirements of a particular course, the giving of tests, exercises and examinations were some of the technologies that 'forced' students into compliance. In terms of identity formation, the heterogeneous nature of 'being' a journalism 'student' revealed that the different discourses at play influenced learner behaviour and that their identities continued to change over the year. Doing additional subjects such as Sociology, Drama, Art History and others at the same time as Journalism and Media Studies also meant that the learners had to negotiate the differing role requirements.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Characterisation and cryopreservation of semen from indigenous Namaqua Afrikaner sheep breed, in comparison with Dorper and Dohne Merino breeds
- Authors: Letsoalo, Phutiane Thomas
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Merino sheep Dorper sheep Semen
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Animal Science
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11707 , vital:39099
- Description: The aim of this study was to characterise and cryopreserve semen of the indigenous Namaqua Afrikaner breed, and to compare it to that of Dorper and Dohne Merino sheep, whose semen is commercially frozen on a large scale. The study was conducted between January and August 2015. September 2013-born Namaqua Afrikaner (12), Dohne Merino (12) and Dorper (9) rams were used in the study. The rams were kept under kraal conditions with adequate shade, and they received a high protein, high energy diet. Originally it was envisaged to collect semen samples using the artificial vagina (AV) method, which proved to be problematic with the Namaqua Afrikaner rams. Semen samples were subsequently collected twice a week by either AV (Dohne Merino and Dorper) or electro-ejaculation (EE; all three breeds). Macroscopic sperm traits were assessed and sperm concentration determined immediately after collection. Each semen sample was diluted with Triladyl® (1:3) and subsequently frozen in liquid nitrogen vapour in straws. Frozen straws were thawed and evaluated at 7, 30 and 90 days after cryopreservation. A droplet (0.5 ml) from each thawed sample was assessed microscopically for post-thaw motility and percentage live sperm. Nigrosin-Eosin smears were prepared of fresh, diluted and frozen-thawed semen samples for determination of percentage live sperm. Data of all the traits were analysed with the GLM and CHI-SQUARE procedures of the SAS statistical package. Breed had a significant effect on ejaculate volume of fresh semen collected either via electro-ejaculation or artificial vagina. Dorper rams (1.37 ± 0.08 ml) and Dohne Merino rams (1.20 ± 0.08 ml) produced ejaculates with higher (P <0.05) semen volume than Namaqua Afrikaner rams (1.09 ± 0.08 ml) when using the EE. With the AV method, Dohne Merino rams (1.46 ± 0.08 ml) produced a higher (P <0.05) ejaculate volume than Dorper rams (1.22 ± 0.08 ml). Motility of the frozen-thawed semen samples was lower than that of the fresh and diluted samples for all breeds and collection methods. Furthermore, motility 3 hours after thawing was also lower than motility assessed immediately after thawing for all breeds and collection methods. Motility of frozen-thawed semen collected with an AV and evaluated at 7, 30 and 90 days after freezing was significantly higher than that collected via EE. Dorper rams had the lowest sperm concentration (1.10 ± 5.29x109 sperm/ml) and the Namaqua rams the highest sperm concentration (1.22 ± 5.20x109 sperm/ml) (P ˂0.05). The AV samples had a higher (P >0.05) sperm concentration (1.20 ± 3.68x109 sperm/ml) than the EE samples (1.11 ± 3.51x109 sperm/ml). The percentage live sperm in the fresh semen samples did not differ among Namaqua Afrikaner (67.76 ± 1.94percent), Dohne Merino (68.59 ± 1.94percent) and Dorper (72.82 ± 1.98percent) rams. The percentage live sperm for all three breeds dropped considerably after freezing to 17.76 ± 2.03percent, 17.86 ± 2.03percent and 22.72 ± 2.07percent respectively. It remained constant for all the breeds from 7 until 90 days after freezing, indicating that length of storage should not have an effect on percentage live sperm for semen collected via AV or EE. Percentage live sperm of the frozen-thawed semen of the Namaqua rams was lower than that of the Dorper rams, indicating that the Namaqua semen collected via EE did not freeze as well as that of the Dorper semen. In conclusion, neither fresh nor frozen-thawed Dorper and Dohne Merino semen collected via EE did differ significantly. Furthermore, except for semen volume, Dorper and Dohne Merino semen collected via AV did not differ significantly whether evaluated as fresh or frozen-thawed semen. However, both Dorper and Dohne Merino rams produced semen with higher motility and a higher percentage live sperm post-thaw when the semen samples were collected via an AV than via EE. From these results it can therefore be postulated that if Namaqua semen were collected via AV it could have a higher post-thaw percentage live sperm than if semen was collected via EE. Advanced further studies are necessary to investigate the reason for the lower post-thaw survival rate of sperm of the Namaqua Afrikaner rams. This is necessary as semen stored in a cryobank for breeding and conservation purposes for this endangered breed has to be of high quality. Such resources as cryobanks are expensive and funds cannot be wasted on preserving inferior samples that could not fertilize an ovum when needed. The low percentage of live sperm obtained with the frozen-thawed samples in this, as well as other studies on indigenous breeds, is an indication that further research is needed into more suitable freezing protocols. It can be concluded that Namaqua Afrikaner semen cannot be frozen successfully for the purpose of storage in a cryobank, when using a freezing protocol based on Triladyl® as extender. Furthermore, any increase in post-thaw survival rate of sperm will be beneficial and it is therefore suggested that all efforts be made to solve the problem of the Namaqua Afrikaner rams that do not want to ejaculate into an artificial vagina.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Letsoalo, Phutiane Thomas
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Merino sheep Dorper sheep Semen
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Animal Science
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11707 , vital:39099
- Description: The aim of this study was to characterise and cryopreserve semen of the indigenous Namaqua Afrikaner breed, and to compare it to that of Dorper and Dohne Merino sheep, whose semen is commercially frozen on a large scale. The study was conducted between January and August 2015. September 2013-born Namaqua Afrikaner (12), Dohne Merino (12) and Dorper (9) rams were used in the study. The rams were kept under kraal conditions with adequate shade, and they received a high protein, high energy diet. Originally it was envisaged to collect semen samples using the artificial vagina (AV) method, which proved to be problematic with the Namaqua Afrikaner rams. Semen samples were subsequently collected twice a week by either AV (Dohne Merino and Dorper) or electro-ejaculation (EE; all three breeds). Macroscopic sperm traits were assessed and sperm concentration determined immediately after collection. Each semen sample was diluted with Triladyl® (1:3) and subsequently frozen in liquid nitrogen vapour in straws. Frozen straws were thawed and evaluated at 7, 30 and 90 days after cryopreservation. A droplet (0.5 ml) from each thawed sample was assessed microscopically for post-thaw motility and percentage live sperm. Nigrosin-Eosin smears were prepared of fresh, diluted and frozen-thawed semen samples for determination of percentage live sperm. Data of all the traits were analysed with the GLM and CHI-SQUARE procedures of the SAS statistical package. Breed had a significant effect on ejaculate volume of fresh semen collected either via electro-ejaculation or artificial vagina. Dorper rams (1.37 ± 0.08 ml) and Dohne Merino rams (1.20 ± 0.08 ml) produced ejaculates with higher (P <0.05) semen volume than Namaqua Afrikaner rams (1.09 ± 0.08 ml) when using the EE. With the AV method, Dohne Merino rams (1.46 ± 0.08 ml) produced a higher (P <0.05) ejaculate volume than Dorper rams (1.22 ± 0.08 ml). Motility of the frozen-thawed semen samples was lower than that of the fresh and diluted samples for all breeds and collection methods. Furthermore, motility 3 hours after thawing was also lower than motility assessed immediately after thawing for all breeds and collection methods. Motility of frozen-thawed semen collected with an AV and evaluated at 7, 30 and 90 days after freezing was significantly higher than that collected via EE. Dorper rams had the lowest sperm concentration (1.10 ± 5.29x109 sperm/ml) and the Namaqua rams the highest sperm concentration (1.22 ± 5.20x109 sperm/ml) (P ˂0.05). The AV samples had a higher (P >0.05) sperm concentration (1.20 ± 3.68x109 sperm/ml) than the EE samples (1.11 ± 3.51x109 sperm/ml). The percentage live sperm in the fresh semen samples did not differ among Namaqua Afrikaner (67.76 ± 1.94percent), Dohne Merino (68.59 ± 1.94percent) and Dorper (72.82 ± 1.98percent) rams. The percentage live sperm for all three breeds dropped considerably after freezing to 17.76 ± 2.03percent, 17.86 ± 2.03percent and 22.72 ± 2.07percent respectively. It remained constant for all the breeds from 7 until 90 days after freezing, indicating that length of storage should not have an effect on percentage live sperm for semen collected via AV or EE. Percentage live sperm of the frozen-thawed semen of the Namaqua rams was lower than that of the Dorper rams, indicating that the Namaqua semen collected via EE did not freeze as well as that of the Dorper semen. In conclusion, neither fresh nor frozen-thawed Dorper and Dohne Merino semen collected via EE did differ significantly. Furthermore, except for semen volume, Dorper and Dohne Merino semen collected via AV did not differ significantly whether evaluated as fresh or frozen-thawed semen. However, both Dorper and Dohne Merino rams produced semen with higher motility and a higher percentage live sperm post-thaw when the semen samples were collected via an AV than via EE. From these results it can therefore be postulated that if Namaqua semen were collected via AV it could have a higher post-thaw percentage live sperm than if semen was collected via EE. Advanced further studies are necessary to investigate the reason for the lower post-thaw survival rate of sperm of the Namaqua Afrikaner rams. This is necessary as semen stored in a cryobank for breeding and conservation purposes for this endangered breed has to be of high quality. Such resources as cryobanks are expensive and funds cannot be wasted on preserving inferior samples that could not fertilize an ovum when needed. The low percentage of live sperm obtained with the frozen-thawed samples in this, as well as other studies on indigenous breeds, is an indication that further research is needed into more suitable freezing protocols. It can be concluded that Namaqua Afrikaner semen cannot be frozen successfully for the purpose of storage in a cryobank, when using a freezing protocol based on Triladyl® as extender. Furthermore, any increase in post-thaw survival rate of sperm will be beneficial and it is therefore suggested that all efforts be made to solve the problem of the Namaqua Afrikaner rams that do not want to ejaculate into an artificial vagina.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Secrets I keep
- Authors: Thurgood, Mikaila Rae
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: South African fiction (English) -- 21st century , Creative writing (Higher education) -- Research -- South Africa , Creative writing -- Fiction , South African fiction (English) -- Study and teaching (Higher)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:5981 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015638
- Description: My mother had many failings. Her inability to cook. Her inability to work. Her inability to love. But her two biggest failings...those were the ones that had the potential to ruin my entire life, to ruin my brother’s life, to tear a family apart. More than anything, it was her inability to act. Claire is a young woman working in Johannesburg as a PA. She has few friends barring her au pair flatmate Beth and work colleague Marge. Her nights are spent trying to overcome the trauma of her past to find sexual fulfilment in a shallow world of one night stands. Whether she can set herself on a path towards a more normal life comes down to one crucial thing – forgiveness.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Thurgood, Mikaila Rae
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: South African fiction (English) -- 21st century , Creative writing (Higher education) -- Research -- South Africa , Creative writing -- Fiction , South African fiction (English) -- Study and teaching (Higher)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:5981 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015638
- Description: My mother had many failings. Her inability to cook. Her inability to work. Her inability to love. But her two biggest failings...those were the ones that had the potential to ruin my entire life, to ruin my brother’s life, to tear a family apart. More than anything, it was her inability to act. Claire is a young woman working in Johannesburg as a PA. She has few friends barring her au pair flatmate Beth and work colleague Marge. Her nights are spent trying to overcome the trauma of her past to find sexual fulfilment in a shallow world of one night stands. Whether she can set herself on a path towards a more normal life comes down to one crucial thing – forgiveness.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Search engine poisoning and its prevalence in modern search engines
- Authors: Blaauw, Pieter
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Web search engines Internet searching World Wide Web Malware (Computer software) Computer viruses Rootkits (Computer software) Spyware (Computer software)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4572 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002037
- Description: The prevalence of Search Engine Poisoning in trending topics and popular search terms on the web within search engines is investigated. Search Engine Poisoning is the act of manipulating search engines in order to display search results from websites infected with malware. Research done between February and August 2012, using both manual and automated techniques, shows us how easily the criminal element manages to insert malicious content into web pages related to popular search terms within search engines. In order to provide the reader with a clear overview and understanding of the motives and the methods of the operators of Search Engine Poisoning campaigns, an in-depth review of automated and semi-automated web exploit kits is done, as well as looking into the motives for running these campaigns. Three high profile case studies are examined, and the various Search Engine Poisoning campaigns associated with these case studies are discussed in detail to the reader. From February to August 2012, data was collected from the top trending topics on Google’s search engine along with the top listed sites related to these topics, and then passed through various automated tools to discover if these results have been infiltrated by the operators of Search Engine Poisoning campaings, and the results of these automated scans are then discussed in detail. During the research period, manual searching for Search Engine Poisoning campaigns was also done, using high profile news events and popular search terms. These results are analysed in detail to determine the methods of attack, the purpose of the attack and the parties behind it
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Blaauw, Pieter
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Web search engines Internet searching World Wide Web Malware (Computer software) Computer viruses Rootkits (Computer software) Spyware (Computer software)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4572 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002037
- Description: The prevalence of Search Engine Poisoning in trending topics and popular search terms on the web within search engines is investigated. Search Engine Poisoning is the act of manipulating search engines in order to display search results from websites infected with malware. Research done between February and August 2012, using both manual and automated techniques, shows us how easily the criminal element manages to insert malicious content into web pages related to popular search terms within search engines. In order to provide the reader with a clear overview and understanding of the motives and the methods of the operators of Search Engine Poisoning campaigns, an in-depth review of automated and semi-automated web exploit kits is done, as well as looking into the motives for running these campaigns. Three high profile case studies are examined, and the various Search Engine Poisoning campaigns associated with these case studies are discussed in detail to the reader. From February to August 2012, data was collected from the top trending topics on Google’s search engine along with the top listed sites related to these topics, and then passed through various automated tools to discover if these results have been infiltrated by the operators of Search Engine Poisoning campaings, and the results of these automated scans are then discussed in detail. During the research period, manual searching for Search Engine Poisoning campaigns was also done, using high profile news events and popular search terms. These results are analysed in detail to determine the methods of attack, the purpose of the attack and the parties behind it
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Comparative studies of different ant-hypertensive treatments used for cardiovascular disease patients : a case study of public health facility in the Eastern Cape South Africa
- Abiodun, Oluwatoyin Victoria
- Authors: Abiodun, Oluwatoyin Victoria
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Survival analysis (Biometry) Cardiovascular system -- Diseases
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13205 , vital:39519
- Description: Discovery has shown that many deaths arising from cardiovascular disease often show early symptoms of high blood pressure, which makes it the leading risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. There is a distressing rate of 970 million hypertensive patients worldwide, a higher ratio of 640 million are from developing countries, if proper measures are not taken, there will be a higher growth of cardiovascular disease in adults by 2025. The focus of this study was to compare the therapeutic potentials of the anti-hypertensive therapies, drug A (amiloride + furosemide) and drug B (hydrochlorothiazide + enalapril) used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease patients for their capability to lengthen remission duration and survival time. All patients were diagnosed with a type of cardiovascular disorder, therefore patient records were followed up and blood pressure was being monitored for a period of two years. The retrospective data gotten from the public health facility was analysed using survival analysis methods. The results revealed that there was no statistical significance in the distributions of the length of remission and survival time of drug A and drug B patients. Also, in the age category, CVD patients that are 55 and above recover faster with drug A, while CVD patients below 55 shows a better survival with drug B. Then again, estimates from the gender category show a better survival in males using drug A, while the females thrive slightly better using drug B. Among all the risk factors considered in the study, only employment status showed a strong impact on survival time (remission). The findings from this study may help to formulate interventions and strategies that will increase the lifespan of cardiovascular patients and reduce early mortality due to cardiovascular diseases.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Abiodun, Oluwatoyin Victoria
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Survival analysis (Biometry) Cardiovascular system -- Diseases
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13205 , vital:39519
- Description: Discovery has shown that many deaths arising from cardiovascular disease often show early symptoms of high blood pressure, which makes it the leading risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. There is a distressing rate of 970 million hypertensive patients worldwide, a higher ratio of 640 million are from developing countries, if proper measures are not taken, there will be a higher growth of cardiovascular disease in adults by 2025. The focus of this study was to compare the therapeutic potentials of the anti-hypertensive therapies, drug A (amiloride + furosemide) and drug B (hydrochlorothiazide + enalapril) used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease patients for their capability to lengthen remission duration and survival time. All patients were diagnosed with a type of cardiovascular disorder, therefore patient records were followed up and blood pressure was being monitored for a period of two years. The retrospective data gotten from the public health facility was analysed using survival analysis methods. The results revealed that there was no statistical significance in the distributions of the length of remission and survival time of drug A and drug B patients. Also, in the age category, CVD patients that are 55 and above recover faster with drug A, while CVD patients below 55 shows a better survival with drug B. Then again, estimates from the gender category show a better survival in males using drug A, while the females thrive slightly better using drug B. Among all the risk factors considered in the study, only employment status showed a strong impact on survival time (remission). The findings from this study may help to formulate interventions and strategies that will increase the lifespan of cardiovascular patients and reduce early mortality due to cardiovascular diseases.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Stirring the hornet's nest: women's citizenship and childcare in post-apartheid South Africa
- Authors: Alfers, Laura Corrigall
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: Women's rights -- South Africa , Citizenship -- South Africa , Women -- Political activity , Feminist theory -- Political aspects , Child care -- South Africa , Sex discrimination against women
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2757 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002967 , Women's rights -- South Africa , Citizenship -- South Africa , Women -- Political activity , Feminist theory -- Political aspects , Child care -- South Africa , Sex discrimination against women
- Description: It is a widely acknowledged fact that women’s access to the full rights of citizenship in the liberal state is restricted because of their unequal responsibility for childcare. The South African state, however, despite its theoretical commitment to gender equality, has failed substantially to engage with the issue of childcare and women’s citizenship. This is problematic because in failing to envisage a role for itself in supporting women with their responsibility for childcare, the state has not only neglected its Constitutional commitments to gender equality, but it has also failed to realise the benefits that could potentially accrue to children if women’s access to economic citizenship is not hampered by childcare. Recognising this problem, this thesis attempts to engender some debate as to how the South African state could feasibly correct this failure. In doing so, it uses feminist political theory as a basis and takes a critical view of the two childcare policies that have dominated the debate over women’s citizenship and childcare in Western liberal democracies – socialised care and the neofamilialist model. In concluding it attempts to provide an idea of what feasible, state-based childcare policies could look like in present-day South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Alfers, Laura Corrigall
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: Women's rights -- South Africa , Citizenship -- South Africa , Women -- Political activity , Feminist theory -- Political aspects , Child care -- South Africa , Sex discrimination against women
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2757 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002967 , Women's rights -- South Africa , Citizenship -- South Africa , Women -- Political activity , Feminist theory -- Political aspects , Child care -- South Africa , Sex discrimination against women
- Description: It is a widely acknowledged fact that women’s access to the full rights of citizenship in the liberal state is restricted because of their unequal responsibility for childcare. The South African state, however, despite its theoretical commitment to gender equality, has failed substantially to engage with the issue of childcare and women’s citizenship. This is problematic because in failing to envisage a role for itself in supporting women with their responsibility for childcare, the state has not only neglected its Constitutional commitments to gender equality, but it has also failed to realise the benefits that could potentially accrue to children if women’s access to economic citizenship is not hampered by childcare. Recognising this problem, this thesis attempts to engender some debate as to how the South African state could feasibly correct this failure. In doing so, it uses feminist political theory as a basis and takes a critical view of the two childcare policies that have dominated the debate over women’s citizenship and childcare in Western liberal democracies – socialised care and the neofamilialist model. In concluding it attempts to provide an idea of what feasible, state-based childcare policies could look like in present-day South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
A social justice approach for counselling psychology in South Africa: lessons from a collaborative action research intervention
- Authors: Schwartz, Abegail Faraja
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5233 , vital:20791
- Description: In the past decade, increased attention has been paid to the changing role of counselling psychology in South Africa. The aim of this study is to contribute to the debates about the social responsiveness, scope and focus of the field. The following research question was formulated: What lessons about a social justice approach can a counselling psychologist learn from a youth unemployment community engagement activity? Through engagement with a group of unemployed young people about their status and exploring the role that a counselling psychologist might take, a collaborative action research approach was employed. Data were generated through collaborative action research cycles, semi-structured interviews, social media communications and the researcher’s reflective journal. Template analysis was used to make sense of the data and generate preliminary themes. Process findings illustrated the supportive and constraining role of the academic research process, the time frame and the characteristics of the target group. The content-related findings illustrated the impact of contextual and demographic factors on the participants’ unemployed status. The findings confirmed the negative effect of unemployment on psychological well-being despite support from family, friends and community members. Factors such as education and socioeconomic status influenced the job seeking behaviour of participants and although participants were aware that societal change is needed, there was evidence of internalised self-blame. Recommendations emphasise the inclusion of relevant social justice models for the context of South Africa in the training of counselling psychologists; and a pressing need to engage in micro-, meso- and macro-level advocacy to collaboratively debate the identity and scope of practice of the profession and the review of professional and ethical guidelines.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Schwartz, Abegail Faraja
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5233 , vital:20791
- Description: In the past decade, increased attention has been paid to the changing role of counselling psychology in South Africa. The aim of this study is to contribute to the debates about the social responsiveness, scope and focus of the field. The following research question was formulated: What lessons about a social justice approach can a counselling psychologist learn from a youth unemployment community engagement activity? Through engagement with a group of unemployed young people about their status and exploring the role that a counselling psychologist might take, a collaborative action research approach was employed. Data were generated through collaborative action research cycles, semi-structured interviews, social media communications and the researcher’s reflective journal. Template analysis was used to make sense of the data and generate preliminary themes. Process findings illustrated the supportive and constraining role of the academic research process, the time frame and the characteristics of the target group. The content-related findings illustrated the impact of contextual and demographic factors on the participants’ unemployed status. The findings confirmed the negative effect of unemployment on psychological well-being despite support from family, friends and community members. Factors such as education and socioeconomic status influenced the job seeking behaviour of participants and although participants were aware that societal change is needed, there was evidence of internalised self-blame. Recommendations emphasise the inclusion of relevant social justice models for the context of South Africa in the training of counselling psychologists; and a pressing need to engage in micro-, meso- and macro-level advocacy to collaboratively debate the identity and scope of practice of the profession and the review of professional and ethical guidelines.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Characterisation and cryopreservation of semen from indigenous Namaqua Afrikaner sheep breed, in comparison with Dorper and Dohne Merino breeds
- Authors: Letsoalo, Phutiane Thomas
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Cryopreservation of organs, tissues, etc Merino sheep Dorper sheep
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Degree
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/4759 , vital:28510
- Description: The aim of this study was to characterise and cryopreserve semen of the indigenous Namaqua Afrikaner breed, and to compare it to that of Dorper and Dohne Merino sheep, whose semen is commercially frozen on a large scale. The study was conducted between January and August 2015. September 2013-born Namaqua Afrikaner (12), Dohne Merino (12) and Dorper (9) rams were used in the study. The rams were kept under kraal conditions with adequate shade, and they received a high protein, high energy diet. Originally it was envisaged to collect semen samples using the artificial vagina (AV) method, which proved to be problematic with the Namaqua Afrikaner rams. Semen samples were subsequently collected twice a week by either AV (Dohne Merino and Dorper) or electro-ejaculation (EE; all three breeds). Macroscopic sperm traits were assessed and sperm concentration determined immediately after collection. Each semen sample was diluted with Triladyl® (1:3) and subsequently frozen in liquid nitrogen vapour in straws. Frozen straws were thawed and evaluated at 7, 30 and 90 days after cryopreservation. A droplet (0.5 ml) from each thawed sample was assessed microscopically for post-thaw motility and percentage live sperm..
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Letsoalo, Phutiane Thomas
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Cryopreservation of organs, tissues, etc Merino sheep Dorper sheep
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Degree
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/4759 , vital:28510
- Description: The aim of this study was to characterise and cryopreserve semen of the indigenous Namaqua Afrikaner breed, and to compare it to that of Dorper and Dohne Merino sheep, whose semen is commercially frozen on a large scale. The study was conducted between January and August 2015. September 2013-born Namaqua Afrikaner (12), Dohne Merino (12) and Dorper (9) rams were used in the study. The rams were kept under kraal conditions with adequate shade, and they received a high protein, high energy diet. Originally it was envisaged to collect semen samples using the artificial vagina (AV) method, which proved to be problematic with the Namaqua Afrikaner rams. Semen samples were subsequently collected twice a week by either AV (Dohne Merino and Dorper) or electro-ejaculation (EE; all three breeds). Macroscopic sperm traits were assessed and sperm concentration determined immediately after collection. Each semen sample was diluted with Triladyl® (1:3) and subsequently frozen in liquid nitrogen vapour in straws. Frozen straws were thawed and evaluated at 7, 30 and 90 days after cryopreservation. A droplet (0.5 ml) from each thawed sample was assessed microscopically for post-thaw motility and percentage live sperm..
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
The role of child support grants in enhancing the quality of life of beneficiaries in Dimbaza, Buffalo City Municipality
- Authors: Nyandeni, Siphe
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Child support -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Social security -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/7775 , vital:30761
- Description: The aim of the study was to investigate the role of the Child Support Grant (CSG) in enhancing the quality of life of beneficiaries in the Dimbaza Community, Buffalo city Municipality. The study utilised the quantitative research method through questionnaires to collect data from 150 beneficiaries of Child Support Grant (CSG), using the non-probability sampling method. The findings of the study highlight the fact that indeed, the beneficiaries of the child support grant are truly dependent on the Child Support Grant (CSG) income, and their livelihood depends on the grant and how they use it. Another important finding of the study is that most beneficiaries (CSG) are not fully satisfied with how the Child Support Grant fulfils the gap in terms of their needs e.g. in healthcare and schooling, amongst others. The study recommends that the government should focus more on the issue of healthcare of beneficiaries through access to private doctors whenever there is an emergency - in order to address the issue the of inaccessible doctors in public hospitals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Nyandeni, Siphe
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Child support -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Social security -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/7775 , vital:30761
- Description: The aim of the study was to investigate the role of the Child Support Grant (CSG) in enhancing the quality of life of beneficiaries in the Dimbaza Community, Buffalo city Municipality. The study utilised the quantitative research method through questionnaires to collect data from 150 beneficiaries of Child Support Grant (CSG), using the non-probability sampling method. The findings of the study highlight the fact that indeed, the beneficiaries of the child support grant are truly dependent on the Child Support Grant (CSG) income, and their livelihood depends on the grant and how they use it. Another important finding of the study is that most beneficiaries (CSG) are not fully satisfied with how the Child Support Grant fulfils the gap in terms of their needs e.g. in healthcare and schooling, amongst others. The study recommends that the government should focus more on the issue of healthcare of beneficiaries through access to private doctors whenever there is an emergency - in order to address the issue the of inaccessible doctors in public hospitals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Willingness to pay for marine-based tourism within the Ponto do Ouro Partial Marine Reserve, Mozambique
- Authors: Daly, Clare Amelie Keating
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Ponto do Ouro Partial Marine Reserve , Marine ecotourism -- Mozambique , Marine ecotourism -- Economic aspects -- Mozambique , Marine ecotourism -- Mozambique -- Marketing , Ecotourism -- Economic aspects -- Mozambique , Coastal zone management -- Mozambique , Marine resources conservation -- Mozambique
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:1102 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013304
- Description: Marine and coastal ecosystems face widespread degradation largely because market failure hides the economic value of the goods and services provided by them. Marine protected areas (MPAs) can serve as a structure that ensures the continuing function of marine and coastal ecosystem goods and services. Yet, to be effective and sustainable, MPAs must be able to prove their economic worth and generate revenue. User-fees are a common system used to partially finance multi-use MPAs. This study applies contingent valuation as a method of economic valuation within an MPA in southern Mozambique. The objectives of this study are to determine the willingness to pay of combined user groups and of individual user groups for use of the Ponta do Ouro Partial Marine Reserve and to investigate the potential for the reserve to increase revenues for conservation through the implementation of a user-fee for marine based activities. The payment card contingent valuation method was employed to determine willingness to pay of dolphin swim tourists, scuba divers and fishermen. Data was collected by face-to-face interviews of 120 respondents within two popular tourist locations in the PPMR. Results show that visitors within the PPMR are mainly South Africans, loyal to the area. Probit and OLS regressions were used to determine the effects of various independent variables on willingness to pay. Results from the Probit model indicate that African residency, activity and environmental awareness were significant factors that influenced visitors being WTP more than R20 per person per day as a user fee within the PPMR. The OLS model examined independent variables that influenced visitors being willing to pay as well as the impact of the variables on the amount visitors were willing to pay. The OLS model found income, African residency and environmental awareness to be significant factors influencing visitors being willing to pay. The mean WTP was R43.75 per person per day. Using data supplied by the PPMR, conservative estimated annual revenues based on the implementation of this fee amount would range between R1.46m – R 3.3m.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Daly, Clare Amelie Keating
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Ponto do Ouro Partial Marine Reserve , Marine ecotourism -- Mozambique , Marine ecotourism -- Economic aspects -- Mozambique , Marine ecotourism -- Mozambique -- Marketing , Ecotourism -- Economic aspects -- Mozambique , Coastal zone management -- Mozambique , Marine resources conservation -- Mozambique
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:1102 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013304
- Description: Marine and coastal ecosystems face widespread degradation largely because market failure hides the economic value of the goods and services provided by them. Marine protected areas (MPAs) can serve as a structure that ensures the continuing function of marine and coastal ecosystem goods and services. Yet, to be effective and sustainable, MPAs must be able to prove their economic worth and generate revenue. User-fees are a common system used to partially finance multi-use MPAs. This study applies contingent valuation as a method of economic valuation within an MPA in southern Mozambique. The objectives of this study are to determine the willingness to pay of combined user groups and of individual user groups for use of the Ponta do Ouro Partial Marine Reserve and to investigate the potential for the reserve to increase revenues for conservation through the implementation of a user-fee for marine based activities. The payment card contingent valuation method was employed to determine willingness to pay of dolphin swim tourists, scuba divers and fishermen. Data was collected by face-to-face interviews of 120 respondents within two popular tourist locations in the PPMR. Results show that visitors within the PPMR are mainly South Africans, loyal to the area. Probit and OLS regressions were used to determine the effects of various independent variables on willingness to pay. Results from the Probit model indicate that African residency, activity and environmental awareness were significant factors that influenced visitors being WTP more than R20 per person per day as a user fee within the PPMR. The OLS model examined independent variables that influenced visitors being willing to pay as well as the impact of the variables on the amount visitors were willing to pay. The OLS model found income, African residency and environmental awareness to be significant factors influencing visitors being willing to pay. The mean WTP was R43.75 per person per day. Using data supplied by the PPMR, conservative estimated annual revenues based on the implementation of this fee amount would range between R1.46m – R 3.3m.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The role of leadership in a successful rural secondary school in Namibia: a case study
- Authors: Sinvula, Leonard Masene
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: Education and Training Sector Improvement Programme (Namibia) Educational leadership -- Namibia -- Case studies School management and organization -- Namibia -- Case studies Education, Secondary -- Namibia -- Case studies Rural schools -- Namibia -- Case studies Education and state -- Namibia -- Case studies Education -- Parent participation -- Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1872 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004925
- Description: The primary purpose of this qualitative case study research was to examine the role of leadership in a successful rural secondary school in Namibia. In Namibia, the Education and Training Sector Improvement Programme (ESTIP) was initiated to provide, amongst other things, effective leadership in education. In addition, the Ministry developed a policy on the National Standards and Performance Indicators for Schools in Namibia to complement the objectives of ETSIP. The policy emphasizes leadership practices in schools such as professional competence, commitment, ability to direct, inspire and motivate interpersonal relationships and teams. The study drew on leadership theories and findings from related studies to make sense of the role played by leadership in this particular rural school in Namibia. The study uses the interpretive orientation as the methodology for investigating the leadership's role. This is in line with my attempt to determine stakeholder's experiences and perceptions of the leadership in the school. I collected data from three sources: semi-structured interviews, observation and document analysis. The findings of this study suggest that the leadership had a significant influence on the school's success. In particular it emerged that the school leadership played an instructional role to ensure there was effective teaching and learning and that they encouraged teamwork extensively in leading the school. The leadership provided internal support structures as well as external networking to garner support for the school from the wider community. The study has also revealed that there are challenges facing this rural school's leadership in terms of poor parental involvement. Challenges such as lack of parental commitment to the school, illiteracy among adults and a communication breakdown between the school and its parents are still rife. The school leadership addresses this challenge by participating in village meetings and utilizing them as a platform to discuss school matters with parents. Further research on this topic would be useful, including such institutions as rural primary schools, private schools and colleges in the Caprivi Region, as very little research has been done on leadership roles in schools in the rural areas of Namibia.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
- Authors: Sinvula, Leonard Masene
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: Education and Training Sector Improvement Programme (Namibia) Educational leadership -- Namibia -- Case studies School management and organization -- Namibia -- Case studies Education, Secondary -- Namibia -- Case studies Rural schools -- Namibia -- Case studies Education and state -- Namibia -- Case studies Education -- Parent participation -- Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1872 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004925
- Description: The primary purpose of this qualitative case study research was to examine the role of leadership in a successful rural secondary school in Namibia. In Namibia, the Education and Training Sector Improvement Programme (ESTIP) was initiated to provide, amongst other things, effective leadership in education. In addition, the Ministry developed a policy on the National Standards and Performance Indicators for Schools in Namibia to complement the objectives of ETSIP. The policy emphasizes leadership practices in schools such as professional competence, commitment, ability to direct, inspire and motivate interpersonal relationships and teams. The study drew on leadership theories and findings from related studies to make sense of the role played by leadership in this particular rural school in Namibia. The study uses the interpretive orientation as the methodology for investigating the leadership's role. This is in line with my attempt to determine stakeholder's experiences and perceptions of the leadership in the school. I collected data from three sources: semi-structured interviews, observation and document analysis. The findings of this study suggest that the leadership had a significant influence on the school's success. In particular it emerged that the school leadership played an instructional role to ensure there was effective teaching and learning and that they encouraged teamwork extensively in leading the school. The leadership provided internal support structures as well as external networking to garner support for the school from the wider community. The study has also revealed that there are challenges facing this rural school's leadership in terms of poor parental involvement. Challenges such as lack of parental commitment to the school, illiteracy among adults and a communication breakdown between the school and its parents are still rife. The school leadership addresses this challenge by participating in village meetings and utilizing them as a platform to discuss school matters with parents. Further research on this topic would be useful, including such institutions as rural primary schools, private schools and colleges in the Caprivi Region, as very little research has been done on leadership roles in schools in the rural areas of Namibia.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
Performance of Xhosa-speaking adults on the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test : an extension of a prior South African normative database
- Mabusela, Ntombizanele Tebello Iris
- Authors: Mabusela, Ntombizanele Tebello Iris
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Neuropsychological tests Neuropsychological tests--South Africa--Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Counselling Psychology
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16313 , vital:40709
- Description: The aim of the study was to develop preliminary normative indications for the Rey-Osterrieth Complex figure test (ROCF). The ROCF was administered in English on the performance of Xhosa-speaking, unskilled workers (N=40), from the Eastern Cape Province. As a mode of collecting data, the research study made use of convenience sampling which ultimately led to snowball sampling. The ROCF was administered and scored according to Rey Osterrieth’s initial standardised administration instructions (Meyers & Meyers, 1995a). For all trials of the ROCF (Copy, Immediate and Delayed Recall), a score of 0-2 points were allocated to each of the 18 structural elements of the figure. The total scores were calculated out of 36, as originally defined by Osterrieth. There was no statistically significant difference in performance for the quality of education for any of the ROCF test trials (p≥0.05 in all instances). Similarly, no significant difference is indicated for the Copy and Immediate Recall (IR) trial for sex indications, whilst the Delayed Recall (DR) trial shows statistically significant differences. Age effects appeared to have an influence on test performance on all ROCF test trials, as a significant difference was identified for all instances. Descriptively and statistically, the present local sample’s mean performance was compared to a demographically equivalent local study (de Kock’s study, which the present study is doing an extension on) and non-local normative studies. The results indicate the need for culturally-relevant South African psychological assessment measures. It also emphasises the importance of making a psychological measure more applicable and relevant to a specific context. Consideration of socio-cultural factors for norm purposes is strongly recommended by this study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Mabusela, Ntombizanele Tebello Iris
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Neuropsychological tests Neuropsychological tests--South Africa--Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Counselling Psychology
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16313 , vital:40709
- Description: The aim of the study was to develop preliminary normative indications for the Rey-Osterrieth Complex figure test (ROCF). The ROCF was administered in English on the performance of Xhosa-speaking, unskilled workers (N=40), from the Eastern Cape Province. As a mode of collecting data, the research study made use of convenience sampling which ultimately led to snowball sampling. The ROCF was administered and scored according to Rey Osterrieth’s initial standardised administration instructions (Meyers & Meyers, 1995a). For all trials of the ROCF (Copy, Immediate and Delayed Recall), a score of 0-2 points were allocated to each of the 18 structural elements of the figure. The total scores were calculated out of 36, as originally defined by Osterrieth. There was no statistically significant difference in performance for the quality of education for any of the ROCF test trials (p≥0.05 in all instances). Similarly, no significant difference is indicated for the Copy and Immediate Recall (IR) trial for sex indications, whilst the Delayed Recall (DR) trial shows statistically significant differences. Age effects appeared to have an influence on test performance on all ROCF test trials, as a significant difference was identified for all instances. Descriptively and statistically, the present local sample’s mean performance was compared to a demographically equivalent local study (de Kock’s study, which the present study is doing an extension on) and non-local normative studies. The results indicate the need for culturally-relevant South African psychological assessment measures. It also emphasises the importance of making a psychological measure more applicable and relevant to a specific context. Consideration of socio-cultural factors for norm purposes is strongly recommended by this study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Seasonal changes in pituitary and plasma prolactin concentrations, and the role of Prolactin in the control of delayed implantation in female Miniopterus schreibersii
- Authors: Bojarski, Christina
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Bats -- Reproduction Prolactin -- Research Pituitary hormones Zoology, Experimental
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5764 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005452
- Description: Mammotropes were successfully identified in the anterior pituitary gland of Miniopterus schreibersii using immunocytochemical (ICC) staining at the light and electron microscopy level. Mammotropes were distributed throughout the gland, were polygonal in shape and during secretory activity contained numerous large secretory granules (350 - 800nm). Using double ICC labelling, prolactin and growth hormone were never co-localiszed and found in individual cells only. Plasma prolactin levels were successfully measured on a monthly basis using radioimmunoassay and monthly pituitary prolactin levels were quantified using morphometric analysis of immunogold ICC staining and densitometry with polyacrylamide gels. Seasonal changes in the ultrastructure of mammotropes, and pituitary and plasma prolactin concentrations in female Miniopterus schreibersii indicated that there was an increase in prolactin secretion during the second half of the period of delayed implantation and that prolactin secretion remained elevated during normal embryonic development and lactation. This suggests that prolactin may be part of the luteotropic and lactogenic complex, and that the hormone might be responsible for terminating the period of delayed implantation. The latter is supported by experiments, where exogenous prolactin initiated precocious implantation during early delayed implantation, and treatment with bromocryptine (which inhibits prolactin synthesis) retarded implantation. Activation of mammotropes to synthesise prolactin and an increase of plasma prolactin levels occurred shortly after the winter solstice (21 June), suggesting that increasing daylength may be the environmental cue, which terminates the period of delayed implantation in Miniopterus schreibersii.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Bojarski, Christina
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Bats -- Reproduction Prolactin -- Research Pituitary hormones Zoology, Experimental
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5764 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005452
- Description: Mammotropes were successfully identified in the anterior pituitary gland of Miniopterus schreibersii using immunocytochemical (ICC) staining at the light and electron microscopy level. Mammotropes were distributed throughout the gland, were polygonal in shape and during secretory activity contained numerous large secretory granules (350 - 800nm). Using double ICC labelling, prolactin and growth hormone were never co-localiszed and found in individual cells only. Plasma prolactin levels were successfully measured on a monthly basis using radioimmunoassay and monthly pituitary prolactin levels were quantified using morphometric analysis of immunogold ICC staining and densitometry with polyacrylamide gels. Seasonal changes in the ultrastructure of mammotropes, and pituitary and plasma prolactin concentrations in female Miniopterus schreibersii indicated that there was an increase in prolactin secretion during the second half of the period of delayed implantation and that prolactin secretion remained elevated during normal embryonic development and lactation. This suggests that prolactin may be part of the luteotropic and lactogenic complex, and that the hormone might be responsible for terminating the period of delayed implantation. The latter is supported by experiments, where exogenous prolactin initiated precocious implantation during early delayed implantation, and treatment with bromocryptine (which inhibits prolactin synthesis) retarded implantation. Activation of mammotropes to synthesise prolactin and an increase of plasma prolactin levels occurred shortly after the winter solstice (21 June), suggesting that increasing daylength may be the environmental cue, which terminates the period of delayed implantation in Miniopterus schreibersii.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
Isolation and identification of possible analgesics and antihypertensive agents from antidesma venosum
- Authors: Mashimbye, Mahlori Jeffrey
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: Antidesma , Analgesics , Hypotensive agents
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3882 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001616
- Description: This investigation originated from a suggestion by Noristan Laboratories, Pretoria, that because Black people were using the roots of A. venosum E. MEY. ex. TUL for treating headache, the plant might contain analgesics. No previous chemical investigation has been carried out on this plant but from previous work done on other species antihypertensive agents were expected to be present
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
- Authors: Mashimbye, Mahlori Jeffrey
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: Antidesma , Analgesics , Hypotensive agents
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3882 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001616
- Description: This investigation originated from a suggestion by Noristan Laboratories, Pretoria, that because Black people were using the roots of A. venosum E. MEY. ex. TUL for treating headache, the plant might contain analgesics. No previous chemical investigation has been carried out on this plant but from previous work done on other species antihypertensive agents were expected to be present
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
Base erosion and profit shifting by multinational corporations and weaknesses revealed in South African income tax legislation
- Authors: Peerbhai, Aneesa
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: International business enterprises -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Corporations -- Taxation -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Tax planning -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:917 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017540
- Description: This research examined the concept of base erosion and profit shifting in the context of tax schemes employed by multinational corporations. The objective of this thesis was to identify weaknesses within South Africa’s income tax legislation, based on these schemes, and further to propose recommendations to counter the occurrence of base erosion and profit shifting by multinational companies. The research also comprised of a limited review of current global and South African initiatives to address the problem of base erosion and profit shifting. It was concluded that there are a number of weaknesses in the definitions and provisions of the South African income tax legislation that need to be addressed in order to reduce base erosion and profit shifting. Brief recommendations were proposed in relation to each of the weaknesses, in order to address them.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Peerbhai, Aneesa
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: International business enterprises -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Corporations -- Taxation -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Tax planning -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:917 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017540
- Description: This research examined the concept of base erosion and profit shifting in the context of tax schemes employed by multinational corporations. The objective of this thesis was to identify weaknesses within South Africa’s income tax legislation, based on these schemes, and further to propose recommendations to counter the occurrence of base erosion and profit shifting by multinational companies. The research also comprised of a limited review of current global and South African initiatives to address the problem of base erosion and profit shifting. It was concluded that there are a number of weaknesses in the definitions and provisions of the South African income tax legislation that need to be addressed in order to reduce base erosion and profit shifting. Brief recommendations were proposed in relation to each of the weaknesses, in order to address them.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The residuality of agriculture and the time dimensions of rural employment in South Africa
- Authors: Ngqwala, Sixolile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Rural poor -- Employment
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Economics)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16985 , vital:40806
- Description: There has been increasing recognition in the past few decades that rural households in developing countries are not limited to the agricultural sector, but also depend on other, nonagricultural activities. Rural households are understood to pursue multiple livelihood strategies which involve juggling different economic pursuits as a means of reducing risk and maintaining options. In South Africa, the importance of multiple livelihood strategies is widely appreciated, on the other hand there is a common perception in policy circles that agricultural development can become an important route out of poverty, for instance as part-time small-scale farmers become larger and more commercialised. The purpose of this dissertation is to attempt to better understand the relationship between households’ participation in agriculture and nonagricultural activities. The point of departure is the observation that there is a great deal of flux into and out of agriculture in a way that is difficult to understand in terms of prevailing theories and frameworks. The study makes use of four waves of data from the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS), and employs a variety of analytical approaches, including transition matrices, multinomial logistic regression, and panel data econometric models. The findings are mixed. In the one hand, there is evidence that households enter agriculture as other income sources become available, and leave agriculture again when those sources dry up. On the other hand, there is also evidence that participation in agriculture compensates for the absence or loss of other income sources, in which case agriculture can be thought of as a ‘residual’ sector that is activated when other options fail.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Ngqwala, Sixolile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Rural poor -- Employment
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Economics)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16985 , vital:40806
- Description: There has been increasing recognition in the past few decades that rural households in developing countries are not limited to the agricultural sector, but also depend on other, nonagricultural activities. Rural households are understood to pursue multiple livelihood strategies which involve juggling different economic pursuits as a means of reducing risk and maintaining options. In South Africa, the importance of multiple livelihood strategies is widely appreciated, on the other hand there is a common perception in policy circles that agricultural development can become an important route out of poverty, for instance as part-time small-scale farmers become larger and more commercialised. The purpose of this dissertation is to attempt to better understand the relationship between households’ participation in agriculture and nonagricultural activities. The point of departure is the observation that there is a great deal of flux into and out of agriculture in a way that is difficult to understand in terms of prevailing theories and frameworks. The study makes use of four waves of data from the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS), and employs a variety of analytical approaches, including transition matrices, multinomial logistic regression, and panel data econometric models. The findings are mixed. In the one hand, there is evidence that households enter agriculture as other income sources become available, and leave agriculture again when those sources dry up. On the other hand, there is also evidence that participation in agriculture compensates for the absence or loss of other income sources, in which case agriculture can be thought of as a ‘residual’ sector that is activated when other options fail.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019