Ali wanyola manwa
- Musolwa and Gishu men, Hugh Tracey
- Authors: Musolwa and Gishu men , Hugh Tracey
- Date: 1950
- Subjects: Music--Uganda , Gisu (African people) , Folk music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Uganda Mbale f-ug
- Language: Masaba (Gisu, Kisu, Dadiri, Buya)
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/169435 , vital:41750 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , TR0131-04
- Description: This song is about a greedy man who eats prodigous amounts of cassava porridge. Wherever he went he always asked for more cassava. The bowl is a wooden platter commonly used for serving food, turned upside down ad beaten with two sticks.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1950
- Authors: Musolwa and Gishu men , Hugh Tracey
- Date: 1950
- Subjects: Music--Uganda , Gisu (African people) , Folk music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Uganda Mbale f-ug
- Language: Masaba (Gisu, Kisu, Dadiri, Buya)
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/169435 , vital:41750 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , TR0131-04
- Description: This song is about a greedy man who eats prodigous amounts of cassava porridge. Wherever he went he always asked for more cassava. The bowl is a wooden platter commonly used for serving food, turned upside down ad beaten with two sticks.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1950
Analipembe lyane
- Musoma Abdulla, Tatu Binti Ali and Nyamwezi men and women, composer not specified, Tracey, Hugh
- Authors: Musoma Abdulla , Tatu Binti Ali and Nyamwezi men and women , composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1950
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Tanzania Dar-es-Salaam f-tz
- Language: Swahili
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/370942 , vital:66396 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , AC0317-D3I2
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1950
- Authors: Musoma Abdulla , Tatu Binti Ali and Nyamwezi men and women , composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1950
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Tanzania Dar-es-Salaam f-tz
- Language: Swahili
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/370942 , vital:66396 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , AC0317-D3I2
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1950
Hii mwana wane uyu mazuba lyank-kangalyuba
- Musoma Abdulla, Nyamwezi men and women, composer not specified, Tracey, Hugh
- Authors: Musoma Abdulla , Nyamwezi men and women , composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1950
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Tanzania city not specified f-tz
- Language: Swahili
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/370936 , vital:66394 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , AC0317-D3I1
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1950
- Authors: Musoma Abdulla , Nyamwezi men and women , composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1950
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Tanzania city not specified f-tz
- Language: Swahili
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/370936 , vital:66394 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , AC0317-D3I1
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1950
Analipende Lyane
- Musoma Abdulla-Tatu, Nyamwezi men and women, Composer not specified, Tracey, Hugh
- Authors: Musoma Abdulla-Tatu , Nyamwezi men and women , Composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1950
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Tanzania Dar-es-Salaam f-tz
- Language: Nyamwezi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/285604 , vital:56186 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , TP1557-XYZ4995
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1950
- Authors: Musoma Abdulla-Tatu , Nyamwezi men and women , Composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1950
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Tanzania Dar-es-Salaam f-tz
- Language: Nyamwezi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/285604 , vital:56186 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , TP1557-XYZ4995
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1950
Hu mwana wanu uyu mazuwa eyankangaliwa
- Musoma Abdullah, Nyamwezi men and women, Composer not specified, Tracey, Hugh
- Authors: Musoma Abdullah , Nyamwezi men and women , Composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1950
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Tanzania Dar-es-Salaam f-tz
- Language: Nyamwezi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/311110 , vital:59226 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , TP2509-XYZ6044
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1950
- Authors: Musoma Abdullah , Nyamwezi men and women , Composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1950
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Tanzania Dar-es-Salaam f-tz
- Language: Nyamwezi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/311110 , vital:59226 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , TP2509-XYZ6044
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1950
Hu mwana wanu uyu mazuwa eyankangaliwa
- Musoma Abdullah, Nyamwezi men and women, Composer not specified, Tracey, Hugh
- Authors: Musoma Abdullah , Nyamwezi men and women , Composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1950
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Tanzania Dar-es-Salaam f-tz
- Language: Nyamwezi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/311124 , vital:59228 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , TP2510-XYZ6044
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1950
- Authors: Musoma Abdullah , Nyamwezi men and women , Composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1950
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Tanzania Dar-es-Salaam f-tz
- Language: Nyamwezi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/311124 , vital:59228 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , TP2510-XYZ6044
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1950
Analipembe Lyane
- Musoma Abdullah with Nyamwezi men and women, Composer not Specified, Tracey, Hugh
- Authors: Musoma Abdullah with Nyamwezi men and women , Composer not Specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1950-06-28
- Subjects: Popular music--Africa , Dance music , Dance music--Caribbean Area , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Tanzania Dar-es-Salaam f-sa
- Language: Nyamwezi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/219065 , vital:48467 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , CR1428 , XYZ6045
- Description: Kwimba Japani dance song unaccompanied
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1950-06-28
- Authors: Musoma Abdullah with Nyamwezi men and women , Composer not Specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1950-06-28
- Subjects: Popular music--Africa , Dance music , Dance music--Caribbean Area , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Tanzania Dar-es-Salaam f-sa
- Language: Nyamwezi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/219065 , vital:48467 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , CR1428 , XYZ6045
- Description: Kwimba Japani dance song unaccompanied
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1950-06-28
Hii Mwana Wanu Uyu Mazuba Lyankanga
- Musoma Abdullah with Nyamwezi men and women, Composer not Specified, Tracey, Hugh
- Authors: Musoma Abdullah with Nyamwezi men and women , Composer not Specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1950-06-28
- Subjects: Popular music--Africa , Dance music , Dance music--Caribbean Area , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Tanzania Dar-es-Salaam f-sa
- Language: Nyamwezi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/219060 , vital:48466 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , CR1428 , XYZ6044
- Description: Kwimba Japani dance song unaccompanied
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1950-06-28
- Authors: Musoma Abdullah with Nyamwezi men and women , Composer not Specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1950-06-28
- Subjects: Popular music--Africa , Dance music , Dance music--Caribbean Area , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Tanzania Dar-es-Salaam f-sa
- Language: Nyamwezi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/219060 , vital:48466 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , CR1428 , XYZ6044
- Description: Kwimba Japani dance song unaccompanied
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1950-06-28
An exploration of the causes of social unrest in Omay communal lands of Nyami Nyami district in Zimbabwe: a human needs perspective
- Authors: Musona, Mambo
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Human rights -- Zimbabwe -- Omay Communial Lands , Zimbabwe -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: vital:8192 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1372 , Human rights -- Zimbabwe -- Omay Communial Lands , Zimbabwe -- Politics and government
- Description: One of the responsibilities of every government is to make provisions of basic needs for its citizens. The situation in Omay resembles people living during the dark ages when there was no constitutional government. The government should in accordance with the priorities of its people be seen to be improving the lives of its citizens by providing health, education, roads, communication facilities, and participation in decision making especially on issues that have a bearing on their lives. The human needs theory postulates that one of the most ideal ways of resolving protracted conflicts is by helping people meet their needs. Human needs are not for trading according to conflict scholar John Burton, implying that if one does not meet his or her needs he/she might do anything to strive to meet them. The people of Omay have been deprived of their needs in all facets; first the previous government relocated them to create Lake Kariba for the hydroelectric plant. They were not compensated. They were dumped on very arid, tsetse fly infested mountainous areas adjacent to game reserves and national parks where they have to make do with wildlife; some that destroy their few crops (elephants) and others that kill them or their animals (lions). As a minority group they have been engaged in social unrest and small skirmishes with government and other, bigger ethnic groups as a form of resistance. A deliberate affirmative action to channel funds towards raising their living standards and develop their area so that they meet their needs could be the panacea to the social unrest.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Musona, Mambo
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Human rights -- Zimbabwe -- Omay Communial Lands , Zimbabwe -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: vital:8192 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1372 , Human rights -- Zimbabwe -- Omay Communial Lands , Zimbabwe -- Politics and government
- Description: One of the responsibilities of every government is to make provisions of basic needs for its citizens. The situation in Omay resembles people living during the dark ages when there was no constitutional government. The government should in accordance with the priorities of its people be seen to be improving the lives of its citizens by providing health, education, roads, communication facilities, and participation in decision making especially on issues that have a bearing on their lives. The human needs theory postulates that one of the most ideal ways of resolving protracted conflicts is by helping people meet their needs. Human needs are not for trading according to conflict scholar John Burton, implying that if one does not meet his or her needs he/she might do anything to strive to meet them. The people of Omay have been deprived of their needs in all facets; first the previous government relocated them to create Lake Kariba for the hydroelectric plant. They were not compensated. They were dumped on very arid, tsetse fly infested mountainous areas adjacent to game reserves and national parks where they have to make do with wildlife; some that destroy their few crops (elephants) and others that kill them or their animals (lions). As a minority group they have been engaged in social unrest and small skirmishes with government and other, bigger ethnic groups as a form of resistance. A deliberate affirmative action to channel funds towards raising their living standards and develop their area so that they meet their needs could be the panacea to the social unrest.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
Yaku Kasama munenu wamukake Nshibi
- Musonda, A, Mwale, L, Tracey, Hugh
- Authors: Musonda, A , Mwale, L , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1957-07-19
- Subjects: Folk music--Africa , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Zambia Bancroft mine f-za
- Language: Lunda
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/242281 , vital:51024 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , HTFT506-L128 , Research no. L2Y10
- Description: A song about a man who was arrested and relied on his uncle's wife to get him out of confinement.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1957-07-19
- Authors: Musonda, A , Mwale, L , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1957-07-19
- Subjects: Folk music--Africa , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Zambia Bancroft mine f-za
- Language: Lunda
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/242281 , vital:51024 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , HTFT506-L128 , Research no. L2Y10
- Description: A song about a man who was arrested and relied on his uncle's wife to get him out of confinement.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1957-07-19
Mumpanga leba leba
- Musopelo, Wilisoni, Composer not specified, Tracey, Hugh
- Authors: Musopelo, Wilisoni , Composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1949-08-24
- Subjects: Popular music--Africa , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Zambia Lusaka f-za
- Language: Soli
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/262110 , vital:53482 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , TP0289-XYZ4437
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1949-08-24
- Authors: Musopelo, Wilisoni , Composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1949-08-24
- Subjects: Popular music--Africa , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Zambia Lusaka f-za
- Language: Soli
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/262110 , vital:53482 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , TP0289-XYZ4437
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1949-08-24
Unionism in schools blessing or curse? : a case study of three schools in the Kavango region of Namibia
- Authors: Musore, Pontianus Vitumbo
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Teachers' unions--Namibia Namibia National Teachers' Union School management and organization--Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1809 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003695
- Description: This study investigates the role played by the Namibia National Teachers’ Union (NANTU) in school management. It examines the challenges faced by school principals in managing schools as a result of the presence of unions. In order to understand the behaviour and impact of union representatives in schools the study makes use of literature on teacher unionism, democratic, political and ambiguity management and leadership theories. Working in the interpretive orientation the study used semi-structured interviews, document analysis and focus group discussions. The research was conducted in the form of a case study involving three schools in the Kavango region of Namibia, and the data collected were dealt with according to case study principles. The study reveals that the presence of the union has several benefits for the school: for example, it advances the democratic participation of stakeholders, provides feedback to the school principal on how staff members experience his or her leadership, and offers advice on labour-related matters. It was also discovered that NANTU representatives act as mediators in conflict situations, which means that teachers can become better at managing and resolving conflict through their experience of serving on the union structures. However it was also discovered that the presence of NANTU in schools has several negative effects on schooling. For example, NANTU activities can disrupt school programmes; moreover, in some schools, neither NANTU representatives nor school principals understand their own or each other’s roles, and consequently they are always in conflict. The absence of a policy regulating the representation of NANTU in decision-making structures in schools causes the conflict to escalate. It emerged that the role of NANTU in schools is mainly determined by the leadership style of the school principal and the effectiveness of the NANTU representatives in that particular school. For example, an autocratic leadership style on the part of the school principal tends to exacerbate the conflict situation, while NANTU has been known to mobilize learners to demand the removal of school principals through class boycotts. NANTU is more concerned with defending the rights and interests of its members than any other matter affecting education. This research is likely to benefit school managers, policy makers and implementers, and NANTU structures, as it provides clarity on what both NANTU and school principals expect from one another. The study also demonstrates that school principals need to acknowledge and consider the divergent nature of the various interest groups in schools.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
- Authors: Musore, Pontianus Vitumbo
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Teachers' unions--Namibia Namibia National Teachers' Union School management and organization--Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1809 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003695
- Description: This study investigates the role played by the Namibia National Teachers’ Union (NANTU) in school management. It examines the challenges faced by school principals in managing schools as a result of the presence of unions. In order to understand the behaviour and impact of union representatives in schools the study makes use of literature on teacher unionism, democratic, political and ambiguity management and leadership theories. Working in the interpretive orientation the study used semi-structured interviews, document analysis and focus group discussions. The research was conducted in the form of a case study involving three schools in the Kavango region of Namibia, and the data collected were dealt with according to case study principles. The study reveals that the presence of the union has several benefits for the school: for example, it advances the democratic participation of stakeholders, provides feedback to the school principal on how staff members experience his or her leadership, and offers advice on labour-related matters. It was also discovered that NANTU representatives act as mediators in conflict situations, which means that teachers can become better at managing and resolving conflict through their experience of serving on the union structures. However it was also discovered that the presence of NANTU in schools has several negative effects on schooling. For example, NANTU activities can disrupt school programmes; moreover, in some schools, neither NANTU representatives nor school principals understand their own or each other’s roles, and consequently they are always in conflict. The absence of a policy regulating the representation of NANTU in decision-making structures in schools causes the conflict to escalate. It emerged that the role of NANTU in schools is mainly determined by the leadership style of the school principal and the effectiveness of the NANTU representatives in that particular school. For example, an autocratic leadership style on the part of the school principal tends to exacerbate the conflict situation, while NANTU has been known to mobilize learners to demand the removal of school principals through class boycotts. NANTU is more concerned with defending the rights and interests of its members than any other matter affecting education. This research is likely to benefit school managers, policy makers and implementers, and NANTU structures, as it provides clarity on what both NANTU and school principals expect from one another. The study also demonstrates that school principals need to acknowledge and consider the divergent nature of the various interest groups in schools.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
Views from the inside: An appraisal of the effectiveness of international NGOs as agents of development through a case study of Concern Universal’s Local Development Support Programme in Dedza District, Malawi
- Authors: Mussa, Khadija Sungeni
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/1499 , vital:20063
- Description: Malawi, which became independent in 1964, attracted Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) from the early 1980s. Initially, NGO involvement was a response to the influx of refugees from neighbouring war-torn Mozambique. Since then, NGOs have been active in the development sector. Malawi, a small country, has widespread poverty, and has recently been in international headlines as a victim of floods, drought and food shortages. Economically unstable, with environmental problems, Malawi is in need of development assistance. NGOs have been centrally positioned in such efforts, but the academic literature on their role has been limited. NGO interventions in development efforts, generally, have been subject to controversy. While some argue that NGOs provide an essential means of development, especially where state capacity is limited, others argue that, with most NGOs headquartered or funded from abroad, their strategies and practices are often more accountable to external pressures than local needs. This thesis intervenes in these debates with a case study: with the aim of examining the sustainability, appropriateness, accountability and effectiveness of NGO projects, it looks at a project by the international NGO (INGO), Concern Universal (CU), which works in the central region in Dedza, Malawi. It examines the project, using fieldwork in three villages, looking at issues such as its use of participatory methods, relations with local government and village structures, capacity building methods, and donor relations. The thesis argues that (I)NGOs like CU exist in a conflicted situation: they have to remain in the good books of their donors, while, at the same time, maintaining accountability to their beneficiaries; they depend on their ability to manoeuvre through the conflict in order to ensure their continuity, and so, their impact is shaped by competing imperatives. CU has made a real impact on poverty alleviation efforts, but its methods and approaches are shaped by said competing imperatives.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Mussa, Khadija Sungeni
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/1499 , vital:20063
- Description: Malawi, which became independent in 1964, attracted Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) from the early 1980s. Initially, NGO involvement was a response to the influx of refugees from neighbouring war-torn Mozambique. Since then, NGOs have been active in the development sector. Malawi, a small country, has widespread poverty, and has recently been in international headlines as a victim of floods, drought and food shortages. Economically unstable, with environmental problems, Malawi is in need of development assistance. NGOs have been centrally positioned in such efforts, but the academic literature on their role has been limited. NGO interventions in development efforts, generally, have been subject to controversy. While some argue that NGOs provide an essential means of development, especially where state capacity is limited, others argue that, with most NGOs headquartered or funded from abroad, their strategies and practices are often more accountable to external pressures than local needs. This thesis intervenes in these debates with a case study: with the aim of examining the sustainability, appropriateness, accountability and effectiveness of NGO projects, it looks at a project by the international NGO (INGO), Concern Universal (CU), which works in the central region in Dedza, Malawi. It examines the project, using fieldwork in three villages, looking at issues such as its use of participatory methods, relations with local government and village structures, capacity building methods, and donor relations. The thesis argues that (I)NGOs like CU exist in a conflicted situation: they have to remain in the good books of their donors, while, at the same time, maintaining accountability to their beneficiaries; they depend on their ability to manoeuvre through the conflict in order to ensure their continuity, and so, their impact is shaped by competing imperatives. CU has made a real impact on poverty alleviation efforts, but its methods and approaches are shaped by said competing imperatives.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Differences in swimming stroke mechanics and kinematics derived from tri-axial accelerometers during a 200-IM event in South African national swimmers
- Authors: Musson, Courtney Ruth
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Swimming
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/46337 , vital:39588
- Description: Context: Swimming is a highly competitive sport, with elite swimmers and coaches constantly looking for ways to improve and challenge themselves to meet new performance goals. The implementation of technology in swimming has proven to be a vital tool in athlete monitoring and in providing coaches with additional information on the swimmer’s performance. Example of this technology is the use of inertial sensory devices such as tri-axial accelerometers. The accelerometers can be used to provide kinematic information with regards to the swimmer’s stroke rate, stroke length and stroke mechanics. In a typical training session, coaches would have to manually time and count their swimmer’s strokes to be able to gain the kinematic information they require. Hence, the use ofinertial sensory technology, such as accelerometers, would provide the necessary information coaches require, allowing them to concentrate on other performance aspects such as theirswimmer’s technique.Aim and objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the kinematic parameters and swimming stroke mechanics that could be derived from tri-axial accelerometers, during a 200-m individual medley (IM) event in South African national level swimmers. Three objectives were set to meet the aim of the study. The first was to identify and differentiate each of the stroking styles using tri-axial accelerometers. The second was to identify and differentiate the kinematic parametersand stroke mechanicsfor all four strokes using tri-axial accelerometers. The third objective was to implement machine learning to automate the identification and interpretation of the accelerometer data. Method:A quantitative, non-experimental descriptive one group post-test only design was used, in which 15 national level swimmers, of which seven male and eight female (mean ±SD: age: 20.9 ± 2.90 years; height: 173.28 ± 10.61 cm; weight: 67.81 ± 8.09 kg; arm span: 178.21 ± 12.15 cm) were tested. Three anthropometric measures were taken (height, weight and arm span) prior to testing, with two tri-axial accelerometers and Polar V800watch and heart rate belt attached to the swimmers left wrist, upper-back and chest, respectively. All swimmerswere required to perform three main swimming sets: 50-m IM, 100-m variation and 200-mIM. Variousdescriptivestatisticsincluding mean, standard deviation and confidence intervals (95%)were used to describe the data. with further inferential statistics including paired t-test, intra-class correlation and Bland Altman analysis wereused to describe the relationship ivbetween the accelerometer and the manually estimated parameters. Additionally, arepeated measures one-way ANOVA (with post-hoc Tukey HSD test) werealso used in an inter-comparison of the stroke parameters between each of the stroking styles. A confusion matrix wasused to measure the classification accuracy of the machine learning model implemented on the accelerometer data.Results:The accelerometers proved successful in identifyingand discerningthe stroke mechanics for each of the four stroking styles, with the use of video footage to validatethe findings. In the stroke kinematic differentiation, theBland Altman analysisresultsshowed an agreement between themanual method and accelerometer-derived estimates, although a discrepancy was evident for several of the kinematic parameters, with a significant difference found with the estimated lap time, average swimming velocity and stroke rate (paired t-test: p <0.001 for all swim sets). The inter-comparison between the stroke parameters per stroking style showed a significant difference with average swimming velocity (repeated one-way ANOVA: F = 1789.37, p <0.001), averages stroke rate (repeated one-way ANOVA: F = 671.70, p <0.001) and average stroke length (repeated one-way ANOVA: F = 346.46, p<0.001) for the population group tested. Furtheranalysis with post-hoc Tukey HSD test showed no significant difference wereevident for the average swimming velocity(Tukey: p > 0.05for all strokes)andbetween freestyle and backstroke for the average stroke rate and stroke length (Tukey:p = 0.0968 andp = 0.997, respectively).Lastly, the machine learning model found a classification accuracy of 96.6% in identifyingand labelling the stroking styles fromthe accelerometer data.Conclusion: It was shown that the tri-axial accelerometers were successful in the identification and differentiation of all the stroking styles, stroke mechanics and kinematics, although a discrepancy was found with the average swimming velocity, stroke rate and lap time estimations. The machine learning model implemented proved the benefits of using artificial intelligence to ease the data process and interpretation by automatically labelling the accelerometer data. Therefore, the use of tri-axial accelerometers as a coaching aid has major potential in the swimming community. However, further research is required to eliminate the time-consuming data processingand to increasetheaccuracy of the accelerometer in the measurement of all the stroke kinematics.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Musson, Courtney Ruth
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Swimming
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/46337 , vital:39588
- Description: Context: Swimming is a highly competitive sport, with elite swimmers and coaches constantly looking for ways to improve and challenge themselves to meet new performance goals. The implementation of technology in swimming has proven to be a vital tool in athlete monitoring and in providing coaches with additional information on the swimmer’s performance. Example of this technology is the use of inertial sensory devices such as tri-axial accelerometers. The accelerometers can be used to provide kinematic information with regards to the swimmer’s stroke rate, stroke length and stroke mechanics. In a typical training session, coaches would have to manually time and count their swimmer’s strokes to be able to gain the kinematic information they require. Hence, the use ofinertial sensory technology, such as accelerometers, would provide the necessary information coaches require, allowing them to concentrate on other performance aspects such as theirswimmer’s technique.Aim and objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the kinematic parameters and swimming stroke mechanics that could be derived from tri-axial accelerometers, during a 200-m individual medley (IM) event in South African national level swimmers. Three objectives were set to meet the aim of the study. The first was to identify and differentiate each of the stroking styles using tri-axial accelerometers. The second was to identify and differentiate the kinematic parametersand stroke mechanicsfor all four strokes using tri-axial accelerometers. The third objective was to implement machine learning to automate the identification and interpretation of the accelerometer data. Method:A quantitative, non-experimental descriptive one group post-test only design was used, in which 15 national level swimmers, of which seven male and eight female (mean ±SD: age: 20.9 ± 2.90 years; height: 173.28 ± 10.61 cm; weight: 67.81 ± 8.09 kg; arm span: 178.21 ± 12.15 cm) were tested. Three anthropometric measures were taken (height, weight and arm span) prior to testing, with two tri-axial accelerometers and Polar V800watch and heart rate belt attached to the swimmers left wrist, upper-back and chest, respectively. All swimmerswere required to perform three main swimming sets: 50-m IM, 100-m variation and 200-mIM. Variousdescriptivestatisticsincluding mean, standard deviation and confidence intervals (95%)were used to describe the data. with further inferential statistics including paired t-test, intra-class correlation and Bland Altman analysis wereused to describe the relationship ivbetween the accelerometer and the manually estimated parameters. Additionally, arepeated measures one-way ANOVA (with post-hoc Tukey HSD test) werealso used in an inter-comparison of the stroke parameters between each of the stroking styles. A confusion matrix wasused to measure the classification accuracy of the machine learning model implemented on the accelerometer data.Results:The accelerometers proved successful in identifyingand discerningthe stroke mechanics for each of the four stroking styles, with the use of video footage to validatethe findings. In the stroke kinematic differentiation, theBland Altman analysisresultsshowed an agreement between themanual method and accelerometer-derived estimates, although a discrepancy was evident for several of the kinematic parameters, with a significant difference found with the estimated lap time, average swimming velocity and stroke rate (paired t-test: p <0.001 for all swim sets). The inter-comparison between the stroke parameters per stroking style showed a significant difference with average swimming velocity (repeated one-way ANOVA: F = 1789.37, p <0.001), averages stroke rate (repeated one-way ANOVA: F = 671.70, p <0.001) and average stroke length (repeated one-way ANOVA: F = 346.46, p<0.001) for the population group tested. Furtheranalysis with post-hoc Tukey HSD test showed no significant difference wereevident for the average swimming velocity(Tukey: p > 0.05for all strokes)andbetween freestyle and backstroke for the average stroke rate and stroke length (Tukey:p = 0.0968 andp = 0.997, respectively).Lastly, the machine learning model found a classification accuracy of 96.6% in identifyingand labelling the stroking styles fromthe accelerometer data.Conclusion: It was shown that the tri-axial accelerometers were successful in the identification and differentiation of all the stroking styles, stroke mechanics and kinematics, although a discrepancy was found with the average swimming velocity, stroke rate and lap time estimations. The machine learning model implemented proved the benefits of using artificial intelligence to ease the data process and interpretation by automatically labelling the accelerometer data. Therefore, the use of tri-axial accelerometers as a coaching aid has major potential in the swimming community. However, further research is required to eliminate the time-consuming data processingand to increasetheaccuracy of the accelerometer in the measurement of all the stroke kinematics.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
A comparison of the South African and Namibian labour dispute resolution system
- Authors: Musukubili, Felix
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: Dispute resolution (Law) -- South Africa , Dispute resolution (Law) -- Namibia , Arbitration, Industrial -- South Africa , Arbitration, Industrial -- Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: vital:10207 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1040 , Dispute resolution (Law) -- South Africa , Dispute resolution (Law) -- Namibia , Arbitration, Industrial -- South Africa , Arbitration, Industrial -- Namibia
- Description: The dynamic social and economic conditions in Namibia warranted a periodic review of labour legislation. Given these needs, uhe then Ministry of Labour, undertook a project in 1998, to assess the effectiveness of the first post kndependence Labour Act, 1992 (Act No 6 of 1992) a trirartite task force was established which recommended the amendment of the 1992 Act. This led to the enactment of the Labour Act, 2004 which introduced a new system of dispute prevention and resolution. However, the 2004 Act could not be put into effect in its entirety, because of its technical flaws and the fact that the Namibian Employers Federation (NEF) took issue with some of the provisions of the Act, such as leave provisions. In 2005, the Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare with its social partners undertook a complete technical review of the entire 2004 Act. As a result, In 2007, the new Labour Bill 2007 was tabled in Parliament, which eventually adopted it as the Labour Act, 2007 (Act No 11 of 2007) which became operational on the 1st November 2008. The new Labour Act, 2007 (Act No 11 of 2007) brings in sweeping changes to the familiar terrain of labour law and industrial relations practice in Namibia. The new Act, has done aware with the District Labour Court system, in its place comes the Labour Commissioner. The rudimentary dispute- settlement mechanisms of the old (first ) Labour Act, 1992 ( Act No 6 of 1992) have made way for the more sophisticated, yet speedier and more economical system of alternative dispute resolution through arbitration and conciliation by the Labour Commissioner. The Labour Act, 2007, requires parties to the labour dispute to seek conciliation before either taking industrial action or seeking adjudicative solutions to the dispute. Not only does the Labour Act, establish or makes provision for the appointment of the Labour Commissioner to provide for dispute resolution, it also permits parties to establish their own process for dispute resolution through a private arbitration route. Faced with this daunting array of untested rules and institutions, I have approached the writing of this work with some trepidation. My aim is to provide a thoroughgoing commentary on the provisions relating to dispute resolution. In the absence of much authoritative interpretation, I had to rely heavily on past practices and foreign South African precedents to identify the construction that judges and arbitrators are likely to arrive at. The present treatise provides a, comprehensive and integrated commentary for all involvement in the resolution of labour disputes in Namibia; it further provides rules and procedures which govern statutory disputes resolution through the Labour Commissioner. I sincerely hope that this paper, will prove useful to all those involved in labour law and industrial relations practice, as well as to teachers and students of this subject.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
- Authors: Musukubili, Felix
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: Dispute resolution (Law) -- South Africa , Dispute resolution (Law) -- Namibia , Arbitration, Industrial -- South Africa , Arbitration, Industrial -- Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: vital:10207 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1040 , Dispute resolution (Law) -- South Africa , Dispute resolution (Law) -- Namibia , Arbitration, Industrial -- South Africa , Arbitration, Industrial -- Namibia
- Description: The dynamic social and economic conditions in Namibia warranted a periodic review of labour legislation. Given these needs, uhe then Ministry of Labour, undertook a project in 1998, to assess the effectiveness of the first post kndependence Labour Act, 1992 (Act No 6 of 1992) a trirartite task force was established which recommended the amendment of the 1992 Act. This led to the enactment of the Labour Act, 2004 which introduced a new system of dispute prevention and resolution. However, the 2004 Act could not be put into effect in its entirety, because of its technical flaws and the fact that the Namibian Employers Federation (NEF) took issue with some of the provisions of the Act, such as leave provisions. In 2005, the Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare with its social partners undertook a complete technical review of the entire 2004 Act. As a result, In 2007, the new Labour Bill 2007 was tabled in Parliament, which eventually adopted it as the Labour Act, 2007 (Act No 11 of 2007) which became operational on the 1st November 2008. The new Labour Act, 2007 (Act No 11 of 2007) brings in sweeping changes to the familiar terrain of labour law and industrial relations practice in Namibia. The new Act, has done aware with the District Labour Court system, in its place comes the Labour Commissioner. The rudimentary dispute- settlement mechanisms of the old (first ) Labour Act, 1992 ( Act No 6 of 1992) have made way for the more sophisticated, yet speedier and more economical system of alternative dispute resolution through arbitration and conciliation by the Labour Commissioner. The Labour Act, 2007, requires parties to the labour dispute to seek conciliation before either taking industrial action or seeking adjudicative solutions to the dispute. Not only does the Labour Act, establish or makes provision for the appointment of the Labour Commissioner to provide for dispute resolution, it also permits parties to establish their own process for dispute resolution through a private arbitration route. Faced with this daunting array of untested rules and institutions, I have approached the writing of this work with some trepidation. My aim is to provide a thoroughgoing commentary on the provisions relating to dispute resolution. In the absence of much authoritative interpretation, I had to rely heavily on past practices and foreign South African precedents to identify the construction that judges and arbitrators are likely to arrive at. The present treatise provides a, comprehensive and integrated commentary for all involvement in the resolution of labour disputes in Namibia; it further provides rules and procedures which govern statutory disputes resolution through the Labour Commissioner. I sincerely hope that this paper, will prove useful to all those involved in labour law and industrial relations practice, as well as to teachers and students of this subject.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
Towards an efficient Namibian labour dispute resolution system : compliance with international labour standards and a comparison with the South African system
- Authors: Musukubili, Felix Zingolo
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Dispute resolution (Law) -- Namibia , Dispute resolution (Law) -- South Africa , Labor laws and legislation , Arbitration, Industrial -- Namibia , Arbitration, Industrial -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , LLD
- Identifier: vital:10243 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018942
- Description: The thesis examines the Namibian labour dispute resolution system by undertaking a comparative analysis of South African and international labour standards. It describes the legal provisions that exist for the effective and efficient resolution of labour disputes through an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) system, which is given recognition in national labour legislation, and in a number of international labour standards and regional labour instruments. It argues for the provision of a proactive and expeditious dispute resolution system that helps to resolve labour disputes in the most effective and efficient manner, without necessarily having to resort to the courts. The study examines the provisions of relevant international labour standards on labour dispute resolution to ascertain their adequacy as part frameworks that apply to Namibia and South Africa’s obligation to provide ADR systems that respond to the needs of the labour relations community. It is argued that ratifying particular ILO conventions creates obligations to comply with their provisions, and to apply them in national legislation and in practice. It is further argued that by having ratified those international labour standards that provide for ADR, Namibia assumes specific obligations under international law, enjoining the country to provide the required ADR system of conciliation and arbitration, which is credible and trusted by disputants and the general public. A comparative approach is adopted, which relies on primary and secondary sources of data, thereby undertaking an in-depth content analysis. The focus of the comparison is on whether the South African ADR system can inform Namibia’s application of its newly adopted ADR system. South Africa has a labour dispute resolution system that has influenced Namibian labour law, prompting Namibia to borrow its ADR system from South Africa’s advanced Commission for Conciliation Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA). In this sense, it is submitted that there are fundamental similarities and differences in the two respective systems. Ideally, disputes should be resolved at conciliation level, resulting in the minority of disputes being referred to arbitration or the Labour Court. In terms of implementation, it is argued that despite the international obligation and commitment to provide and make available free and expeditious ADR services, there are gaps that exist between the legal framework regulating the ADR system and the application thereof in practice, making the attainment of effective and efficient labour dispute resolution difficult. Disputes should be resolved as quickly and informally as possible, with little or no procedural technicalities, and without allowing them to drag on indefinitely, offering immediate solutions instead. This is far from the reality of the situation. In contrast, the study found that although the Labour Act, 2007 and the South African Labour Relations Act (LRA) have brought statutory dispute resolution within the reach of the ordinary worker, these Acts may have compounded the problems relating to dispute resolution in the respective countries. The statutes in question have created sophisticated systems of dispute resolution in which most role players are seen as failing to operate as a result of the complex and technical processes of dealing with disputes. For this reason, the author proposes several remedial interventions that look to the future and the continued provision of fast, effective and user-friendly ADR services. Solving these problems and making effective and efficient labour dispute resolution a reality calls for renewed commitment from government and social partners and investment in appropriate human and financial resources. This requires a strong political will as well as concerted efforts from all role players in the labour relations community in the two respective countries.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Musukubili, Felix Zingolo
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Dispute resolution (Law) -- Namibia , Dispute resolution (Law) -- South Africa , Labor laws and legislation , Arbitration, Industrial -- Namibia , Arbitration, Industrial -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , LLD
- Identifier: vital:10243 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018942
- Description: The thesis examines the Namibian labour dispute resolution system by undertaking a comparative analysis of South African and international labour standards. It describes the legal provisions that exist for the effective and efficient resolution of labour disputes through an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) system, which is given recognition in national labour legislation, and in a number of international labour standards and regional labour instruments. It argues for the provision of a proactive and expeditious dispute resolution system that helps to resolve labour disputes in the most effective and efficient manner, without necessarily having to resort to the courts. The study examines the provisions of relevant international labour standards on labour dispute resolution to ascertain their adequacy as part frameworks that apply to Namibia and South Africa’s obligation to provide ADR systems that respond to the needs of the labour relations community. It is argued that ratifying particular ILO conventions creates obligations to comply with their provisions, and to apply them in national legislation and in practice. It is further argued that by having ratified those international labour standards that provide for ADR, Namibia assumes specific obligations under international law, enjoining the country to provide the required ADR system of conciliation and arbitration, which is credible and trusted by disputants and the general public. A comparative approach is adopted, which relies on primary and secondary sources of data, thereby undertaking an in-depth content analysis. The focus of the comparison is on whether the South African ADR system can inform Namibia’s application of its newly adopted ADR system. South Africa has a labour dispute resolution system that has influenced Namibian labour law, prompting Namibia to borrow its ADR system from South Africa’s advanced Commission for Conciliation Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA). In this sense, it is submitted that there are fundamental similarities and differences in the two respective systems. Ideally, disputes should be resolved at conciliation level, resulting in the minority of disputes being referred to arbitration or the Labour Court. In terms of implementation, it is argued that despite the international obligation and commitment to provide and make available free and expeditious ADR services, there are gaps that exist between the legal framework regulating the ADR system and the application thereof in practice, making the attainment of effective and efficient labour dispute resolution difficult. Disputes should be resolved as quickly and informally as possible, with little or no procedural technicalities, and without allowing them to drag on indefinitely, offering immediate solutions instead. This is far from the reality of the situation. In contrast, the study found that although the Labour Act, 2007 and the South African Labour Relations Act (LRA) have brought statutory dispute resolution within the reach of the ordinary worker, these Acts may have compounded the problems relating to dispute resolution in the respective countries. The statutes in question have created sophisticated systems of dispute resolution in which most role players are seen as failing to operate as a result of the complex and technical processes of dealing with disputes. For this reason, the author proposes several remedial interventions that look to the future and the continued provision of fast, effective and user-friendly ADR services. Solving these problems and making effective and efficient labour dispute resolution a reality calls for renewed commitment from government and social partners and investment in appropriate human and financial resources. This requires a strong political will as well as concerted efforts from all role players in the labour relations community in the two respective countries.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Iyaze mwangu cata. Chipoya waya musali
- Musumali Chinyama, Luvale men at Kitwe, Folk, Tracey, Hugh
- Authors: Musumali Chinyama , Luvale men at Kitwe , Folk , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1949
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Zimbabwe city not specified f-rh
- Language: Tumbuka
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/376684 , vital:67037 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , AC0489-C3Y1
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1949
- Authors: Musumali Chinyama , Luvale men at Kitwe , Folk , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1949
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Zimbabwe city not specified f-rh
- Language: Tumbuka
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/376684 , vital:67037 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , AC0489-C3Y1
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1949
Bwasemera obugenyi bwamunywami wange
- Musumali Chinyama, Performer not specified, Folk, Tracey, Hugh
- Authors: Musumali Chinyama , Performer not specified , Folk , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1949
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Zimbabwe city not specified f-rh
- Language: Tumbuka
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/376726 , vital:67041 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , AC0489-C3Y2
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1949
- Authors: Musumali Chinyama , Performer not specified , Folk , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1949
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Zimbabwe city not specified f-rh
- Language: Tumbuka
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/376726 , vital:67041 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , AC0489-C3Y2
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1949
Evaluation of cover crop species for biomass production, weed suppression and maize yields under irrigation in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Authors: Musunda, Bothwell Zvidzai
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Cover crops , Biomass energy -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , No-tillage , Conservation of natural resources -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Agriculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Agricultural systems -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Weeds
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc Agric (Crop Science)
- Identifier: vital:11867 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/347 , Cover crops , Biomass energy -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , No-tillage , Conservation of natural resources -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Agriculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Agricultural systems -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Weeds
- Description: Achieving high biomass yields of cover crops has been a challenge to the success of Conservation Agriculture (CA) practices in the Eastern Cape (EC). A study was conducted to evaluate strategies for optimizing cover crop biomass production. Trials were carried out to screen summer and winter cover crops, as well as evaluate intercropping patterns and planting dates for biomass, weed suppression and subsequent maize yield under irrigation. Four summer legume cover crop species were evaluated under a Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) design. The cover crops were fertilized with 13.34 kg ha-1 of N, 20 kg ha-1 P and 26.66 kg ha-1 K. In the 2008/09 summer season a maize crop was superimposed on the 2007/08 screening trial under no-till. The crop was fertilized with 60 kg ha-1 of N. An intercropping trial was conducted over two seasons as a way of investigating the best way of incorporating cover crops into farmers cropping systems. This was done bearing in mind the limitation of resources such as land. The trial evaluated 3 factors laid as a 2 x 2 x 3 factorial arranged in a split-plot design. The main factor was cover crop planting date (planting at maize planting or 2 weeks after maize planting). The sub plot factor was intercropping pattern (strip intercropping and between row intercropping). A trial was also conducted to evaluate the effect of planting date (End of April and mid May) and four winter legume cover crop species on cover crop biomass, weed suppression and maize grain yield. The experiment was laid out as a Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated 3 times. In the subsequent summer season a maize crop was superimposed on the winter trial to test the residual effects of the cover crop species. Another study was conducted to evaluate winter cereal cover crop species for biomass accumulation, weed suppression and subsequent maize grain yield. The cover crops as well as a weedy fallow control plot treatments were laid out as a Randomised Complete Block Design replicated 3 times. In the subsequent summer season a maize crop was superimposed on the site under no-till to evaluate the residual effect of the cover crops on maize. The results showed sunhemp, cowpea and lablab as the best cover crops with high biomass and weed suppression whilst mucuna was the least. Sunhemp consistently yielded higher cover biomass averaging 11200 kg ha-1 over the two seasons whilst mucuna had a consistently lowest average biomass yield of 4050 kg ha-1. These cover crops were above the critical 6 t ha-1 for effective weed suppression. There was a significant (p<0.01) relationship of cover crop dry weight and weed dry weight in both seasons. Subsequent maize grain yield was significantly higher in the sunhemp plots (64.2 %) than the weedy fallow plot. Mucuna, lablab and cowpea had maize grain yield increases of 16.6%, 33% and 43.2% respectively. Intercropping cover crops at maize planting yielded higher cover crop dry weights than a delay in intercropping cover crops. A delay in intercropping resulted in significantly higher average maize grain yield of 4700 kg ha-1 compared to intercropping at maize planting (3800 kg ha-1) and sole maize (4300 kg ha-1) over the two seasons. Strip intercropping also yielded higher (5000 kg ha- 1) average maize grain yield compared to row intercropping (3600 kg ha-1) and sole maize (4300 kg ha-1). There was a significant (p<0.05) relationship between cover crop dry weight in the 2007/08 season and maize grain yield in the 2008/09 season. Early planting grazing vetch gave the highest biomass yield of 8100 kg ha-1 whilst early planted red clover had the lowest biomass of 635 kg ha-1. Low weed dry weights were also obtained from the early planted grazing vetch as opposed to the other treatments. There was a significant (p<0.001) relationship of cover crop dry weight and weed dry weight. In the subsequent 2008/09 summer season early planted grazing vetch had the highest maize yield of 7500 kg ha-1 which was 56.3 % more than the weedy fallow plot had 4800 kg ha-1. The weedy fallow plot also had high weed infestation than the cover crop plots. There were significant (p<0.01) relationships between cover crop dry weight and maize grain yield, winter weed dry weight and maize grain yield and summer weed dry weight and maize grain yield. The results also showed triticale (13900 kg ha-1) as the best winter cover crop for biomass production. Italian ryegrass (6500 kg ha-1) produced the least amount of biomass. In The subsequent maize crop white oats gave highest maize grain yield (6369 kg ha-1) which was 33 % more than the weedy fallow plot (4784 kg ha- 1). There were also significant (p< 0.01) relationships of maize grain yield and winter weed dry weight, maize grain yield and summer growing weeds. The various studies demonstrated that there is opportunity for high biomass production under small scale farmers irrigated conditions using cover crops both in winter and summer. Best bet cover crops were sunhemp, cowpea and lablab for summer and triticale, white oats, barley, Italian ryegrass and grazing vetch for winter. Cover crops can also be incorporated into farmers cropping systems as sole crops or intercrops within the maize based cropping systems. Strip intercropping can be used by farmers as a way of introducing cover crops. Critical to achievement of high biomass is the time of planting cover crops with high biomass when planting is done early. A 2 week delay in strip intercropping cover crop into maize can be used as a way of incorporating cover crops into farmers cropping systems with minimal maize yield reduction.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
- Authors: Musunda, Bothwell Zvidzai
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Cover crops , Biomass energy -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , No-tillage , Conservation of natural resources -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Agriculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Agricultural systems -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Weeds
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc Agric (Crop Science)
- Identifier: vital:11867 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/347 , Cover crops , Biomass energy -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , No-tillage , Conservation of natural resources -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Agriculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Agricultural systems -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Weeds
- Description: Achieving high biomass yields of cover crops has been a challenge to the success of Conservation Agriculture (CA) practices in the Eastern Cape (EC). A study was conducted to evaluate strategies for optimizing cover crop biomass production. Trials were carried out to screen summer and winter cover crops, as well as evaluate intercropping patterns and planting dates for biomass, weed suppression and subsequent maize yield under irrigation. Four summer legume cover crop species were evaluated under a Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) design. The cover crops were fertilized with 13.34 kg ha-1 of N, 20 kg ha-1 P and 26.66 kg ha-1 K. In the 2008/09 summer season a maize crop was superimposed on the 2007/08 screening trial under no-till. The crop was fertilized with 60 kg ha-1 of N. An intercropping trial was conducted over two seasons as a way of investigating the best way of incorporating cover crops into farmers cropping systems. This was done bearing in mind the limitation of resources such as land. The trial evaluated 3 factors laid as a 2 x 2 x 3 factorial arranged in a split-plot design. The main factor was cover crop planting date (planting at maize planting or 2 weeks after maize planting). The sub plot factor was intercropping pattern (strip intercropping and between row intercropping). A trial was also conducted to evaluate the effect of planting date (End of April and mid May) and four winter legume cover crop species on cover crop biomass, weed suppression and maize grain yield. The experiment was laid out as a Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated 3 times. In the subsequent summer season a maize crop was superimposed on the winter trial to test the residual effects of the cover crop species. Another study was conducted to evaluate winter cereal cover crop species for biomass accumulation, weed suppression and subsequent maize grain yield. The cover crops as well as a weedy fallow control plot treatments were laid out as a Randomised Complete Block Design replicated 3 times. In the subsequent summer season a maize crop was superimposed on the site under no-till to evaluate the residual effect of the cover crops on maize. The results showed sunhemp, cowpea and lablab as the best cover crops with high biomass and weed suppression whilst mucuna was the least. Sunhemp consistently yielded higher cover biomass averaging 11200 kg ha-1 over the two seasons whilst mucuna had a consistently lowest average biomass yield of 4050 kg ha-1. These cover crops were above the critical 6 t ha-1 for effective weed suppression. There was a significant (p<0.01) relationship of cover crop dry weight and weed dry weight in both seasons. Subsequent maize grain yield was significantly higher in the sunhemp plots (64.2 %) than the weedy fallow plot. Mucuna, lablab and cowpea had maize grain yield increases of 16.6%, 33% and 43.2% respectively. Intercropping cover crops at maize planting yielded higher cover crop dry weights than a delay in intercropping cover crops. A delay in intercropping resulted in significantly higher average maize grain yield of 4700 kg ha-1 compared to intercropping at maize planting (3800 kg ha-1) and sole maize (4300 kg ha-1) over the two seasons. Strip intercropping also yielded higher (5000 kg ha- 1) average maize grain yield compared to row intercropping (3600 kg ha-1) and sole maize (4300 kg ha-1). There was a significant (p<0.05) relationship between cover crop dry weight in the 2007/08 season and maize grain yield in the 2008/09 season. Early planting grazing vetch gave the highest biomass yield of 8100 kg ha-1 whilst early planted red clover had the lowest biomass of 635 kg ha-1. Low weed dry weights were also obtained from the early planted grazing vetch as opposed to the other treatments. There was a significant (p<0.001) relationship of cover crop dry weight and weed dry weight. In the subsequent 2008/09 summer season early planted grazing vetch had the highest maize yield of 7500 kg ha-1 which was 56.3 % more than the weedy fallow plot had 4800 kg ha-1. The weedy fallow plot also had high weed infestation than the cover crop plots. There were significant (p<0.01) relationships between cover crop dry weight and maize grain yield, winter weed dry weight and maize grain yield and summer weed dry weight and maize grain yield. The results also showed triticale (13900 kg ha-1) as the best winter cover crop for biomass production. Italian ryegrass (6500 kg ha-1) produced the least amount of biomass. In The subsequent maize crop white oats gave highest maize grain yield (6369 kg ha-1) which was 33 % more than the weedy fallow plot (4784 kg ha- 1). There were also significant (p< 0.01) relationships of maize grain yield and winter weed dry weight, maize grain yield and summer growing weeds. The various studies demonstrated that there is opportunity for high biomass production under small scale farmers irrigated conditions using cover crops both in winter and summer. Best bet cover crops were sunhemp, cowpea and lablab for summer and triticale, white oats, barley, Italian ryegrass and grazing vetch for winter. Cover crops can also be incorporated into farmers cropping systems as sole crops or intercrops within the maize based cropping systems. Strip intercropping can be used by farmers as a way of introducing cover crops. Critical to achievement of high biomass is the time of planting cover crops with high biomass when planting is done early. A 2 week delay in strip intercropping cover crop into maize can be used as a way of incorporating cover crops into farmers cropping systems with minimal maize yield reduction.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
Mutenekele mwana mayo
- Musungu, Aroni, Bemba boys, Composer not specified, Tracey, Hugh
- Authors: Musungu, Aroni , Bemba boys , Composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1949-07-28
- Subjects: Folk music--Africa , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Zambia Kwawambua f-za
- Language: Bemba
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/205927 , vital:46963 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , HTFT056-C57 , Research no. C3P17
- Description: A topical song sung when man arrives after hunting or fishing and is hungry.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1949-07-28
- Authors: Musungu, Aroni , Bemba boys , Composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1949-07-28
- Subjects: Folk music--Africa , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Zambia Kwawambua f-za
- Language: Bemba
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/205927 , vital:46963 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , HTFT056-C57 , Research no. C3P17
- Description: A topical song sung when man arrives after hunting or fishing and is hungry.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1949-07-28