Family interaction patterns in maternal alcohol abuse: an application of Murray Bowen's family system theory
- Authors: Abraham, Hanlie
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Family psychotherapy , Social psychology Bowen, Murray, -- 1913-1990 Women -- Alcohol use Alcoholism -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/13669 , vital:27293
- Description: The aim of this study was to explore and describe the intergenerational interactional patterns in a Coloured family where the mother has abused alcohol. Researchers have found that drinking behaviours of parents can have major effects on the children’s lives throughout generations. Substance abuse of a parent has major influences on the family, their interactions, and relationships, mostly between the parent and the child. There is a major gap in the study of the Coloured families and how substance abuse affects their families and children. The study employed Bowen’s constructs of differentiation of self, multigenerational transmission process, triangulation, emotional cut-off, nuclear family emotional system, sibling position, family projection process, and societal regression and utilized analytical generalization of the concepts to achieve its aim. The mother, an older sibling and maternal mother were the main sources of data although the perspective of the mother herself was privileged in the study. Semi-structured interviews were utilized to gather the data. This allowed participants to freely narrate their personal perceptions and experiences of interaction in both the family of origin and the current nuclear family. The research used a single case study of a purposively sampled family. The researcher is a Coloured female who had specific interest in this specific cultural group and their interactional patterns, which optimised cultural familiarity during the research process and reduced the likelihood of potential discriminatory racial bias of the participants. The findings demonstrate that perceptions of interactional patterns in the nuclear family and family of origin coincided with certain of Bowen’s Family Systems concepts, particularly, triangulation and differentiation. However, the need for further exploration of concepts such as the nuclear family emotional system and the family projection process in Coloured families are still needed in future studies. The findings provided insight into the functioning of the relationships and FAMILY INTERACTION IN MATERNAL ALCOHOL ABUSE interactions in both the nuclear family and the family of origin. Limitations of the current study are identified and recommendations for future studies in this field are also offered.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Abraham, Hanlie
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Family psychotherapy , Social psychology Bowen, Murray, -- 1913-1990 Women -- Alcohol use Alcoholism -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/13669 , vital:27293
- Description: The aim of this study was to explore and describe the intergenerational interactional patterns in a Coloured family where the mother has abused alcohol. Researchers have found that drinking behaviours of parents can have major effects on the children’s lives throughout generations. Substance abuse of a parent has major influences on the family, their interactions, and relationships, mostly between the parent and the child. There is a major gap in the study of the Coloured families and how substance abuse affects their families and children. The study employed Bowen’s constructs of differentiation of self, multigenerational transmission process, triangulation, emotional cut-off, nuclear family emotional system, sibling position, family projection process, and societal regression and utilized analytical generalization of the concepts to achieve its aim. The mother, an older sibling and maternal mother were the main sources of data although the perspective of the mother herself was privileged in the study. Semi-structured interviews were utilized to gather the data. This allowed participants to freely narrate their personal perceptions and experiences of interaction in both the family of origin and the current nuclear family. The research used a single case study of a purposively sampled family. The researcher is a Coloured female who had specific interest in this specific cultural group and their interactional patterns, which optimised cultural familiarity during the research process and reduced the likelihood of potential discriminatory racial bias of the participants. The findings demonstrate that perceptions of interactional patterns in the nuclear family and family of origin coincided with certain of Bowen’s Family Systems concepts, particularly, triangulation and differentiation. However, the need for further exploration of concepts such as the nuclear family emotional system and the family projection process in Coloured families are still needed in future studies. The findings provided insight into the functioning of the relationships and FAMILY INTERACTION IN MATERNAL ALCOHOL ABUSE interactions in both the nuclear family and the family of origin. Limitations of the current study are identified and recommendations for future studies in this field are also offered.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Photosynthetic and growth response of C₃ and C₄ subspecies of Alloteropsis semialata to nitrogen-supply
- Authors: Abraham, Trevor Ian
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: Photosynthesis , Plants -- Effect of nitrogen on , Growth (Plants) , Plant ecology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4182 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003750 , Photosynthesis , Plants -- Effect of nitrogen on , Growth (Plants) , Plant ecology
- Description: The greater photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) of C4 compared with C3 plants may explain the relative success of C4 grasses in nutrient poor environments. This study compared the responses in photosynthetic parameters, leaf nitrogen and biomass allocation between the C3 and C4 subspecies of Alloteropsis semialata supplied soil nitrogen at three levels. Photosynthesis was assessed by means of CO2 response curves and the leaf nitrogen content assayed. Plants were destructively harvested, leaf areas determined and the dry biomass of functional plant components was measured. Results confirmed that the higher PNUE of C4 plants allowed them to accumulate more biomass than C3 plants at the high nitrogen level, despite smaller leaf areas. The greater productivity of C4 plants enabled them to invest more in storage and sexual reproduction than in leaves when compared to the C3 plants. In contrast the C3 plants invested biomass in less efficient and more nitrogen demanding leaves and bigger root systems. PNUE and photosynthetic rates were not significantly affected by nitrogen-limitation in either subspecies and the major response was a decrease in biomass accumulation and an increase in biomass allocation to roots. This altered root to shoot ratio was accompanied by a lowered allocation to sexual reproduction in the C4 subspecies, but an unaltered allocation to leaves, while in the C3 subspecies there was a decrease in leaf allocation. In a further experiment, the C4 subspecies was supplied three levels of nitrogen provided as nitrate, or alternatively as ammonium plus nitrate, and leaves were excised to within 5 cm of the ground at the start of treatment. Prior to flowering, photosynthesis was assessed by means of CO2 response curves and the plants were destructively harvested. Leaf areas and the dry biomass of functional plant components were determined, and at levels of nitrogen supply higher than those found in savanna soils the rate of photosynthesis was increased. Leaf re-growth was reduced by severe nitrogen limitation and co-provision of nitrate and ammonium had no significant effect other than increased tillering. Both subspecies of Alloteropsis semialata are adapted to nutrient poor environments and maintain photosynthetic rates by reducing leaf area. The C4 subspecies is likely to show greater resilience in disturbance-prone environments by exploiting its higher PNUE to allocate greater resources to storage and sexual reproduction, while the C3 subspecies is usually found in environments with closed canopies which favour vegetative growth, and allocate greater resources to leaves and roots.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Abraham, Trevor Ian
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: Photosynthesis , Plants -- Effect of nitrogen on , Growth (Plants) , Plant ecology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4182 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003750 , Photosynthesis , Plants -- Effect of nitrogen on , Growth (Plants) , Plant ecology
- Description: The greater photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) of C4 compared with C3 plants may explain the relative success of C4 grasses in nutrient poor environments. This study compared the responses in photosynthetic parameters, leaf nitrogen and biomass allocation between the C3 and C4 subspecies of Alloteropsis semialata supplied soil nitrogen at three levels. Photosynthesis was assessed by means of CO2 response curves and the leaf nitrogen content assayed. Plants were destructively harvested, leaf areas determined and the dry biomass of functional plant components was measured. Results confirmed that the higher PNUE of C4 plants allowed them to accumulate more biomass than C3 plants at the high nitrogen level, despite smaller leaf areas. The greater productivity of C4 plants enabled them to invest more in storage and sexual reproduction than in leaves when compared to the C3 plants. In contrast the C3 plants invested biomass in less efficient and more nitrogen demanding leaves and bigger root systems. PNUE and photosynthetic rates were not significantly affected by nitrogen-limitation in either subspecies and the major response was a decrease in biomass accumulation and an increase in biomass allocation to roots. This altered root to shoot ratio was accompanied by a lowered allocation to sexual reproduction in the C4 subspecies, but an unaltered allocation to leaves, while in the C3 subspecies there was a decrease in leaf allocation. In a further experiment, the C4 subspecies was supplied three levels of nitrogen provided as nitrate, or alternatively as ammonium plus nitrate, and leaves were excised to within 5 cm of the ground at the start of treatment. Prior to flowering, photosynthesis was assessed by means of CO2 response curves and the plants were destructively harvested. Leaf areas and the dry biomass of functional plant components were determined, and at levels of nitrogen supply higher than those found in savanna soils the rate of photosynthesis was increased. Leaf re-growth was reduced by severe nitrogen limitation and co-provision of nitrate and ammonium had no significant effect other than increased tillering. Both subspecies of Alloteropsis semialata are adapted to nutrient poor environments and maintain photosynthetic rates by reducing leaf area. The C4 subspecies is likely to show greater resilience in disturbance-prone environments by exploiting its higher PNUE to allocate greater resources to storage and sexual reproduction, while the C3 subspecies is usually found in environments with closed canopies which favour vegetative growth, and allocate greater resources to leaves and roots.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
The coordination chemistry of Rhenium(V) with multidentate no-donor ligands
- Authors: Abrahams, Abubak'r
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: Rhenium , Ligands
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:10370 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/912 , Rhenium , Ligands
- Description: The neutral distorted octahedral complexes [ReOCl(L)] {H2L = N,N-bis(2- hydroxybenzyl)-2-(2-aminoethyl)dimethylamine (H2had), N,N-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl) aminomethylpyridine (H2hap); N,N-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)-2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine (H2hae)} were prepared by the reaction of trans-[ReOCl3(PPh3)2] with a twofold molar excess of H2L in ethanol. The X-ray structure determinations of [ReOCl(had)] and [ReOCl(hap)] were performed, and in both complexes the chloride is coordinated trans to the tripodal tertiary amino nitrogen, with a phenolate oxygen trans to the oxo oxygen. Treatment of trans-[ReO2(py)4]I with two equivalents and one equivalent each of H2had in acetone afforded the iodide salts of the oxypyridinium-ammonium zwitterions N1-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-N2,N2- dimethyl-N1-((2-oxypyridinium)-1-methyl)ethane-1,2-diamine [Hhpd]+ and N2,N2- dimethyl-N1-bis((2-oxypyridinium)-1-methyl)ethane-1,2-diamine [dod]+ respectively. In [Hhpd]I, one of the 2-hydroxyphenyl groups of H2had is substituted by an oxypyridinium group, and in [dod]I, both 2-hydroxyphenyl groups are converted. The X-ray crystal structure determination of the starting material H2had, [Hhpd]I and [dod]I reveals trigonal pyramidal geometries around the central amino nitrogen. The complex salt [ReO(bsa)]PF6 (H2bsa=bis(N-methylsalicylicylideneiminopropyl) amine) was prepared from the reaction of cis-[ReO2I(PPh3)2] with H2bsa in toluene. The dianionic pentadentate ligand bsa is coordinated to the ReO3+ moiety via one secondary amino and two imino nitrogens, and two anionic phenolate oxygens. The complex was characterized by spectroscopy and analytical data, and the structure has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The complex exhibits a distorted octahedral geometry around the central rhenium(V) ion, with the basal plane being defined by a phenolate oxygen, two imino nitrogens and the secondary amino. ix A. Abrahams Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University The reaction of a two-fold molar excess of the potentially NN-donor ligand 2,2’- dipyridylamine (dpa) with trans-[ReO(OEt)Cl2(PPh3)2] in ethanol led to the isolation of [ReOCl2(OEt)(dpa)]. The X-ray crystal structure shows that the NN-chelated dpa is coordinated in the equatorial plane cis to the oxo and ethoxo groups, which are in trans positions relative to each other. The treatment of trans- [ReOCl3(PPh3)2] with a tenfold molar excess of dpa in ethanol at the refluxing temperature yielded the trans-dioxo complex [ReO2(dpa)2]Cl, but with a twofold molar excess only (μ-O)[{ReOCl2(dpa)}2] was isolated. Repeating the latter reaction with (n-Bu4N)[ReOCl4] as starting material in ethanol at room temperature a dark green product, also with the formulation (μ-O)[{ReOCl2(dpa)}2], was isolated. The reaction of equimolar quantities of bis(pyridin-2-yl)methyl)amine (HBPA) with (n-Bu4N)[ReOCl4] in acetone at room temperature led to the isolation of the sixcoordinate rhenium(V) complex [ReOCl(H2O)(BPA)]Cl. IR, NMR and X-ray crystallographic results indicate that BPA is coordinated as a tridentate uninegative chelate, with deprotonation of the amine nitrogen. The water molecule is coordinated trans to the oxo group, with the Re=O and Re-OH2 bond distances equal to 1.663(9) and 2.21(1) Å respectively. Complexes of the general formula [ReOX2{(C5H4N)CH(O)CH2(C5H4N)}] (X = Cl, I) were prepared by the reactions of trans-[ReOCl3(PPh3)2] and trans- [ReOI2(OEt)(PPh3)2] with cis-1,2-di-(2-pyridyl)ethylene (DPE) in ethanol and benzene in air. Experimental evidence shows that the coordinated DPE ligand has undergone addition of water at the ethylenic carbons, and that the (C5H4N)CH(O)CH2(C5H4N) moiety acts as a uninegative tridentate NON-donor ligand. The X-ray crystal structures of both complexes show a distorted octahedral geometry around the rhenium(V) centre. The treatment of trans-[ReOCl3(PPh3)2] with H2dbd in a 2:1 molar ratio in acetonitrile led to the isolation of the ligand-bridged dimer (μ-dbd)[ReOCl2(PPh3)]2. The X-ray crystal structure of the complex reveals a dinuclear structure in which two rhenium(V) ions are bridged by the dbd ligand. Each rhenium ion is in a x A. Abrahams Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University distorted octahedral geometry. The basal plane is defined by a phosphorus atom of the PPh3 group, two chlorides cis to each other, and a pyridyl nitrogen atom of dbd. The oxo group and alcoholate oxygen of dbd lie in trans axial positions. The complexes cis-[ReOX2(msa)(PPh3)] (X = Cl, Br, I) were prepared from trans- [ReOCl3(PPh3)2], trans-[ReOBr3(PPh3)2] or trans-[ReOI2(OEt)(PPh3)2] with 2-(1- iminoethyl)phenol (Hmsa) in acetonitrile. An X-ray crystallographic study shows that the bonding distances and angles in the comlexes are nearly identical, and that the two halides in each complex are coordinated cis to each other in the equatorial plane cis to the oxo group. The oxo-bridged dinuclear rhenium(V) complex [(μ-O){ReOCl(amp)}2] was prepared by the reaction of trans-[ReOCl3(PPh3)2] and 6-amino-3-methyl-1-phenyl- 4-azahept-2-ene-1-one (Hamp) in acetone. The characterization of the complex by elemental analysis, infrared and 1H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography shows that amp is coordinated as a monoanionic NNO-donor chelate as an amino-amido ketone. However, the reaction of the similar ligand 7- amino-4,7-dimethyl-5-aza-3-octen-2-one (Hada) with [Re(CO)5Br] produced the product fac-[Re(CO)3Br(Hada)], with Hada coordinated as a neutral NN-donor amino-imino-ketone.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
- Authors: Abrahams, Abubak'r
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: Rhenium , Ligands
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:10370 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/912 , Rhenium , Ligands
- Description: The neutral distorted octahedral complexes [ReOCl(L)] {H2L = N,N-bis(2- hydroxybenzyl)-2-(2-aminoethyl)dimethylamine (H2had), N,N-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl) aminomethylpyridine (H2hap); N,N-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)-2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine (H2hae)} were prepared by the reaction of trans-[ReOCl3(PPh3)2] with a twofold molar excess of H2L in ethanol. The X-ray structure determinations of [ReOCl(had)] and [ReOCl(hap)] were performed, and in both complexes the chloride is coordinated trans to the tripodal tertiary amino nitrogen, with a phenolate oxygen trans to the oxo oxygen. Treatment of trans-[ReO2(py)4]I with two equivalents and one equivalent each of H2had in acetone afforded the iodide salts of the oxypyridinium-ammonium zwitterions N1-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-N2,N2- dimethyl-N1-((2-oxypyridinium)-1-methyl)ethane-1,2-diamine [Hhpd]+ and N2,N2- dimethyl-N1-bis((2-oxypyridinium)-1-methyl)ethane-1,2-diamine [dod]+ respectively. In [Hhpd]I, one of the 2-hydroxyphenyl groups of H2had is substituted by an oxypyridinium group, and in [dod]I, both 2-hydroxyphenyl groups are converted. The X-ray crystal structure determination of the starting material H2had, [Hhpd]I and [dod]I reveals trigonal pyramidal geometries around the central amino nitrogen. The complex salt [ReO(bsa)]PF6 (H2bsa=bis(N-methylsalicylicylideneiminopropyl) amine) was prepared from the reaction of cis-[ReO2I(PPh3)2] with H2bsa in toluene. The dianionic pentadentate ligand bsa is coordinated to the ReO3+ moiety via one secondary amino and two imino nitrogens, and two anionic phenolate oxygens. The complex was characterized by spectroscopy and analytical data, and the structure has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The complex exhibits a distorted octahedral geometry around the central rhenium(V) ion, with the basal plane being defined by a phenolate oxygen, two imino nitrogens and the secondary amino. ix A. Abrahams Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University The reaction of a two-fold molar excess of the potentially NN-donor ligand 2,2’- dipyridylamine (dpa) with trans-[ReO(OEt)Cl2(PPh3)2] in ethanol led to the isolation of [ReOCl2(OEt)(dpa)]. The X-ray crystal structure shows that the NN-chelated dpa is coordinated in the equatorial plane cis to the oxo and ethoxo groups, which are in trans positions relative to each other. The treatment of trans- [ReOCl3(PPh3)2] with a tenfold molar excess of dpa in ethanol at the refluxing temperature yielded the trans-dioxo complex [ReO2(dpa)2]Cl, but with a twofold molar excess only (μ-O)[{ReOCl2(dpa)}2] was isolated. Repeating the latter reaction with (n-Bu4N)[ReOCl4] as starting material in ethanol at room temperature a dark green product, also with the formulation (μ-O)[{ReOCl2(dpa)}2], was isolated. The reaction of equimolar quantities of bis(pyridin-2-yl)methyl)amine (HBPA) with (n-Bu4N)[ReOCl4] in acetone at room temperature led to the isolation of the sixcoordinate rhenium(V) complex [ReOCl(H2O)(BPA)]Cl. IR, NMR and X-ray crystallographic results indicate that BPA is coordinated as a tridentate uninegative chelate, with deprotonation of the amine nitrogen. The water molecule is coordinated trans to the oxo group, with the Re=O and Re-OH2 bond distances equal to 1.663(9) and 2.21(1) Å respectively. Complexes of the general formula [ReOX2{(C5H4N)CH(O)CH2(C5H4N)}] (X = Cl, I) were prepared by the reactions of trans-[ReOCl3(PPh3)2] and trans- [ReOI2(OEt)(PPh3)2] with cis-1,2-di-(2-pyridyl)ethylene (DPE) in ethanol and benzene in air. Experimental evidence shows that the coordinated DPE ligand has undergone addition of water at the ethylenic carbons, and that the (C5H4N)CH(O)CH2(C5H4N) moiety acts as a uninegative tridentate NON-donor ligand. The X-ray crystal structures of both complexes show a distorted octahedral geometry around the rhenium(V) centre. The treatment of trans-[ReOCl3(PPh3)2] with H2dbd in a 2:1 molar ratio in acetonitrile led to the isolation of the ligand-bridged dimer (μ-dbd)[ReOCl2(PPh3)]2. The X-ray crystal structure of the complex reveals a dinuclear structure in which two rhenium(V) ions are bridged by the dbd ligand. Each rhenium ion is in a x A. Abrahams Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University distorted octahedral geometry. The basal plane is defined by a phosphorus atom of the PPh3 group, two chlorides cis to each other, and a pyridyl nitrogen atom of dbd. The oxo group and alcoholate oxygen of dbd lie in trans axial positions. The complexes cis-[ReOX2(msa)(PPh3)] (X = Cl, Br, I) were prepared from trans- [ReOCl3(PPh3)2], trans-[ReOBr3(PPh3)2] or trans-[ReOI2(OEt)(PPh3)2] with 2-(1- iminoethyl)phenol (Hmsa) in acetonitrile. An X-ray crystallographic study shows that the bonding distances and angles in the comlexes are nearly identical, and that the two halides in each complex are coordinated cis to each other in the equatorial plane cis to the oxo group. The oxo-bridged dinuclear rhenium(V) complex [(μ-O){ReOCl(amp)}2] was prepared by the reaction of trans-[ReOCl3(PPh3)2] and 6-amino-3-methyl-1-phenyl- 4-azahept-2-ene-1-one (Hamp) in acetone. The characterization of the complex by elemental analysis, infrared and 1H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography shows that amp is coordinated as a monoanionic NNO-donor chelate as an amino-amido ketone. However, the reaction of the similar ligand 7- amino-4,7-dimethyl-5-aza-3-octen-2-one (Hada) with [Re(CO)5Br] produced the product fac-[Re(CO)3Br(Hada)], with Hada coordinated as a neutral NN-donor amino-imino-ketone.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
Isolation, purification and kinetic characterization of prolyl endopeptidase from Titicum aestivum
- Authors: Abrahams, Adriam Mark
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Endopeptidases , Wheat , Chemical kinetics , Pharmacokinetics
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Biochemistry)
- Identifier: vital:11269 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1004356 , Endopeptidases , Wheat , Chemical kinetics , Pharmacokinetics
- Description: PEP activity has been described in several locations and has mostly been linked to a variety of neurological disorders such as schizophrenia, amnaesia, depression as well as other disease states such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and blood pressure regulation. The enzyme has also been previously isolated from a variety of archae, microorganisms and several eukaryotic species but no prolyl endopeptidases have been isolated from plants. Plants have high levels of proline and glutamine rich peptides in seeds. We therefore hypothesize plants must express PEPs during germination. Bioinformatics tools were used to identify known PEPs and putative plant PEPs. A global sequence alignment of putative plant PEPs and other known PEPs indicated that the active site amino acids Ser, His and Asp are conserved in putative plant PEP sequences. Furthermore, putative plant PEPs showed similar secondary structures to known PEPs and when a rice PEP was modelled onto porcine brain PEP structure, a high degree of similarity was found. Germination studies of wheat seed showed an increase of PEP activity over time with maximum PEP activity reached after 4 days of germination, which remained at this level until 9 days of germination, implying a function for PEP in plant seed germination. Wheat PEP was purified using ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography with a final yield of less than 1 percent and a relative purity (only 2 bands detected by SDS-PAGE). The purified wheat PEP had a molecular weight of approximately 55kDa, substrate specificity for chymotrypsin-like substrates (N-Suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-pNa, Km value of 0.58 mM, Kcat of 29.37 s–1; Kcat /Km 50813.14s–1 M–1); a pH optimum of 7.9; temperature optima of 37oC and a high sensitivity to temperature as indicated by loss of activity at temperatures above 40oC. Inhibition studies using E64, Leupeptin and PMSF confirmed that the wheat PEP is from the Serine protease family and is most likely a trypsin-like protease.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Abrahams, Adriam Mark
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Endopeptidases , Wheat , Chemical kinetics , Pharmacokinetics
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Biochemistry)
- Identifier: vital:11269 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1004356 , Endopeptidases , Wheat , Chemical kinetics , Pharmacokinetics
- Description: PEP activity has been described in several locations and has mostly been linked to a variety of neurological disorders such as schizophrenia, amnaesia, depression as well as other disease states such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and blood pressure regulation. The enzyme has also been previously isolated from a variety of archae, microorganisms and several eukaryotic species but no prolyl endopeptidases have been isolated from plants. Plants have high levels of proline and glutamine rich peptides in seeds. We therefore hypothesize plants must express PEPs during germination. Bioinformatics tools were used to identify known PEPs and putative plant PEPs. A global sequence alignment of putative plant PEPs and other known PEPs indicated that the active site amino acids Ser, His and Asp are conserved in putative plant PEP sequences. Furthermore, putative plant PEPs showed similar secondary structures to known PEPs and when a rice PEP was modelled onto porcine brain PEP structure, a high degree of similarity was found. Germination studies of wheat seed showed an increase of PEP activity over time with maximum PEP activity reached after 4 days of germination, which remained at this level until 9 days of germination, implying a function for PEP in plant seed germination. Wheat PEP was purified using ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography with a final yield of less than 1 percent and a relative purity (only 2 bands detected by SDS-PAGE). The purified wheat PEP had a molecular weight of approximately 55kDa, substrate specificity for chymotrypsin-like substrates (N-Suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-pNa, Km value of 0.58 mM, Kcat of 29.37 s–1; Kcat /Km 50813.14s–1 M–1); a pH optimum of 7.9; temperature optima of 37oC and a high sensitivity to temperature as indicated by loss of activity at temperatures above 40oC. Inhibition studies using E64, Leupeptin and PMSF confirmed that the wheat PEP is from the Serine protease family and is most likely a trypsin-like protease.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Political and religious identities : an exploration of changing identities amongst religious leaders in the Northern areas of Port Elizabeth
- Authors: Abrahams, Andre John
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Religion and politics -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Identification (Religion)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:8314 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020087
- Description: The political transition from the oppressive apartheid system to post-apartheid South Africa has brought considerable change to the political climate. As a result of this transition, political and religious identities were also affected. This study explores the changing identities amongst religious leaders particularly in the Northern Areas of Port Elizabeth. The research has also explored how the advent of democracy has affected the political perspectives of these religious leaders who were ministering during apartheid. A qualitative research approach was used to frame the study, which employed an exploratory research design so as to understand the current political identities of these religious leaders. The sample of the study was purposively selected using the snowball sampling technique. As a means of collecting data in-depth interviews were conducted. The themes emanating from the study were recognised as being: - Church leaders reflecting on the political climate apparent in the Northern Areas of Port Elizabeth - Church leaders reflect reasons for limited political action from certain segments of the community sighting fear and poverty as central tenets. - Church leaders reveal close link between the church and politics during the apartheid period - The activities of the church in opposing the apartheid structure - Participants reflect on the role of Church leaders specifically during this period. - Church leaders articulate their disappointment in the political environment since 1994. - Church leaders reflect how race has affected the political climate since 1994 - The changing role of the church since 1994 - The growing silence on current political issues since 1994 Based on the identified themes conclusions could be drawn on the current political and religious identities of religious leaders compared to those adopted during the apartheid period. The outcome showed that religious leaders within the Northern Areas of Port Elizabeth are disappointed in the current political government but despite this have remained silent on political issues unlike the visible activism and vocal upheaval waged against the apartheid system.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Abrahams, Andre John
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Religion and politics -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Identification (Religion)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:8314 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020087
- Description: The political transition from the oppressive apartheid system to post-apartheid South Africa has brought considerable change to the political climate. As a result of this transition, political and religious identities were also affected. This study explores the changing identities amongst religious leaders particularly in the Northern Areas of Port Elizabeth. The research has also explored how the advent of democracy has affected the political perspectives of these religious leaders who were ministering during apartheid. A qualitative research approach was used to frame the study, which employed an exploratory research design so as to understand the current political identities of these religious leaders. The sample of the study was purposively selected using the snowball sampling technique. As a means of collecting data in-depth interviews were conducted. The themes emanating from the study were recognised as being: - Church leaders reflecting on the political climate apparent in the Northern Areas of Port Elizabeth - Church leaders reflect reasons for limited political action from certain segments of the community sighting fear and poverty as central tenets. - Church leaders reveal close link between the church and politics during the apartheid period - The activities of the church in opposing the apartheid structure - Participants reflect on the role of Church leaders specifically during this period. - Church leaders articulate their disappointment in the political environment since 1994. - Church leaders reflect how race has affected the political climate since 1994 - The changing role of the church since 1994 - The growing silence on current political issues since 1994 Based on the identified themes conclusions could be drawn on the current political and religious identities of religious leaders compared to those adopted during the apartheid period. The outcome showed that religious leaders within the Northern Areas of Port Elizabeth are disappointed in the current political government but despite this have remained silent on political issues unlike the visible activism and vocal upheaval waged against the apartheid system.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
An exploration into an ESD-based teaching strategy to improve the critical thinking and problem-solving skills amongst development studies students at Nelson Mandela University
- Authors: Abrahams, Andre John
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Sustainable development -- Study and teaching , Universities and colleges -- South Africa , Critical thinking
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/50906 , vital:43149
- Description: In recent years, Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) has been a significant focus for research pertaining to teacher education and transformative approaches to teaching and learning. However, there has been less specific focus on the implementation of ESD in the context of higher education. This study, therefore, explored the use of an ESD-based teaching and learning approach in an undergraduate Development Studies programme. The focus was on developing a teaching approach that was informed by the principles of ESD and which could assist Development Studies lecturers in creating a more transformative, student-centred environment. This study was a qualitative undertaking, conducted at the Nelson Mandela University’s (NMU) Development Studies undergraduate programme. The ESD-based approach was implemented by two participating lecturers who utilised the approach across four undergraduate classes. Qualitative data were generated through a systematic literature analysis (SLA), exploratory interviews, student exercises and assessments, focus group discussions, and reflective journal entries. The gathered data were then analysed using a framework analysis rubric adapted from the theoretical framework utilised in the study. In addition, the data were coded using the six coding techniques promoted by Saldaña (2013). The findings suggest that the ESD-based approach developed in the study could effectively contribute towards promoting ESD in the Development Studies programme. The findings also suggest that, when properly implemented, the ESD-based approach could assist lecturers in creating a more transformative learning environment where students have greater control over their learning experience. In addition, this study found that students in the selected Development Studies undergraduate programme could benefit from continued exposure to the teaching methods and techniques adopted in the approach. The implementation of the approach also uncovered some of the inhibiting factors that may prevent an ESD-based approach being mainstreamed into the context of higher education. , Thesis (DPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Development Studies, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Abrahams, Andre John
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Sustainable development -- Study and teaching , Universities and colleges -- South Africa , Critical thinking
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/50906 , vital:43149
- Description: In recent years, Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) has been a significant focus for research pertaining to teacher education and transformative approaches to teaching and learning. However, there has been less specific focus on the implementation of ESD in the context of higher education. This study, therefore, explored the use of an ESD-based teaching and learning approach in an undergraduate Development Studies programme. The focus was on developing a teaching approach that was informed by the principles of ESD and which could assist Development Studies lecturers in creating a more transformative, student-centred environment. This study was a qualitative undertaking, conducted at the Nelson Mandela University’s (NMU) Development Studies undergraduate programme. The ESD-based approach was implemented by two participating lecturers who utilised the approach across four undergraduate classes. Qualitative data were generated through a systematic literature analysis (SLA), exploratory interviews, student exercises and assessments, focus group discussions, and reflective journal entries. The gathered data were then analysed using a framework analysis rubric adapted from the theoretical framework utilised in the study. In addition, the data were coded using the six coding techniques promoted by Saldaña (2013). The findings suggest that the ESD-based approach developed in the study could effectively contribute towards promoting ESD in the Development Studies programme. The findings also suggest that, when properly implemented, the ESD-based approach could assist lecturers in creating a more transformative learning environment where students have greater control over their learning experience. In addition, this study found that students in the selected Development Studies undergraduate programme could benefit from continued exposure to the teaching methods and techniques adopted in the approach. The implementation of the approach also uncovered some of the inhibiting factors that may prevent an ESD-based approach being mainstreamed into the context of higher education. , Thesis (DPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Development Studies, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
An exploration into an ESD-based teaching strategy to improve the critical thinking and problem-solving skills amongst development studies students at Nelson Mandela University
- Authors: Abrahams, André John
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Problem solving -- Study and teaching , Divergent thinking -- Study and teaching , Sustainable development -- Study and teaching , Environmental education
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/50907 , vital:43148
- Description: In recent years, Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) has been a significant focus for research pertaining to teacher education and transformative approaches to teaching and learning. However, there has been less specific focus on the implementation of ESD in the context of higher education. This study, therefore, explored the use of an ESD-based teaching and learning approach in an undergraduate Development Studies programme. The focus was on developing a teaching approach that was informed by the principles of ESD and which could assist Development Studies lecturers in creating a more transformative, student-centred environment. This study was a qualitative undertaking, conducted at the Nelson Mandela University’s (NMU) Development Studies undergraduate programme. The ESD-based approach was implemented by two participating lecturers who utilised the approach across four undergraduate classes. Qualitative data were generated through a systematic literature analysis (SLA), exploratory interviews, student exercises and assessments, focus group discussions, and reflective journal entries. The gathered data were then analysed using a framework analysis rubric adapted from the theoretical framework utilised in the study. In addition, the data were coded using the six coding techniques promoted by Saldaña (2013). The findings suggest that the ESD-based approach developed in the study could effectively contribute towards promoting ESD in the Development Studies programme. The findings also suggest that, when properly implemented, the ESD-based approach could assist lecturers in creating a more transformative learning environment where students have greater control over their learning experience. In addition, this study found that students in the selected Development Studies undergraduate programme could benefit from continued exposure to the teaching methods and techniques adopted in the approach. The implementation of the approach also uncovered some of the inhibiting factors that may prevent an ESD-based approach being mainstreamed into the context of higher education. , Thesis (DPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Development Studies, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Abrahams, André John
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Problem solving -- Study and teaching , Divergent thinking -- Study and teaching , Sustainable development -- Study and teaching , Environmental education
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/50907 , vital:43148
- Description: In recent years, Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) has been a significant focus for research pertaining to teacher education and transformative approaches to teaching and learning. However, there has been less specific focus on the implementation of ESD in the context of higher education. This study, therefore, explored the use of an ESD-based teaching and learning approach in an undergraduate Development Studies programme. The focus was on developing a teaching approach that was informed by the principles of ESD and which could assist Development Studies lecturers in creating a more transformative, student-centred environment. This study was a qualitative undertaking, conducted at the Nelson Mandela University’s (NMU) Development Studies undergraduate programme. The ESD-based approach was implemented by two participating lecturers who utilised the approach across four undergraduate classes. Qualitative data were generated through a systematic literature analysis (SLA), exploratory interviews, student exercises and assessments, focus group discussions, and reflective journal entries. The gathered data were then analysed using a framework analysis rubric adapted from the theoretical framework utilised in the study. In addition, the data were coded using the six coding techniques promoted by Saldaña (2013). The findings suggest that the ESD-based approach developed in the study could effectively contribute towards promoting ESD in the Development Studies programme. The findings also suggest that, when properly implemented, the ESD-based approach could assist lecturers in creating a more transformative learning environment where students have greater control over their learning experience. In addition, this study found that students in the selected Development Studies undergraduate programme could benefit from continued exposure to the teaching methods and techniques adopted in the approach. The implementation of the approach also uncovered some of the inhibiting factors that may prevent an ESD-based approach being mainstreamed into the context of higher education. , Thesis (DPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Development Studies, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The protection against child labour in South Africa
- Authors: Abrahams, Collis
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Child labor
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40204 , vital:35986
- Description: This treatise seeks to describe the legal protection of children against child labour in South Africa. It does so within the context of international-law-protection in the form of Conventions of the International Labour Organisation. The treatise distinguishes between the concepts of child labour and child work and traces the history of international law prohibiting and regulating child labour. The two most important ILO Conventions, Convention 138 of 1973 and 182 of 1998 are considered in some detail before the national legislature is explained and analysed. From the discussion it is apparent that South Africa is giving effect to the applicable ILO Conventions. Not only does national legislation prohibit child labour, the state also adopted nation-wide programmes to eradicate child labour. Despite the efforts there is still room for improvement. The fight to eradicate child labour must continue!
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Abrahams, Collis
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Child labor
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40204 , vital:35986
- Description: This treatise seeks to describe the legal protection of children against child labour in South Africa. It does so within the context of international-law-protection in the form of Conventions of the International Labour Organisation. The treatise distinguishes between the concepts of child labour and child work and traces the history of international law prohibiting and regulating child labour. The two most important ILO Conventions, Convention 138 of 1973 and 182 of 1998 are considered in some detail before the national legislature is explained and analysed. From the discussion it is apparent that South Africa is giving effect to the applicable ILO Conventions. Not only does national legislation prohibit child labour, the state also adopted nation-wide programmes to eradicate child labour. Despite the efforts there is still room for improvement. The fight to eradicate child labour must continue!
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The unfair labour practice relating to promotion
- Authors: Abrahams, Dawood
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Unfair labor practices -- South Africa , Promotions -- South Africa , Labor laws and legislation -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: vital:11035 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/329 , Unfair labor practices -- South Africa , Promotions -- South Africa , Labor laws and legislation -- South Africa
- Description: This article deals with the South African law relating to promotions. As promotion disputes mostly arise as alleged unfair labour practices, a short discussion on how the concept of an unfair labour practice developed in South Africa is undertaken. In this regard the common law is studied in order to see whether it makes provision for protection of employees subjected to unfair labour practices relating to promotions. Through this study one soon realises that the common law is in fact inadequate to deal with unfair labour practices relating to promotions, and thus an enquiry into various legislative provisions are undertaken. The impact of the all-important Wiehahn Commission of Enquiry, established in 1979, is also briefly discussed. In this article an attempt is made to define the term ‘promotion’. In this regard reference is made to some cases adjudicated upon by the Commission for Conciliation Mediation and Arbitration (the “CCMA”). The cases referred to seem to favour the view that when one is defining the term ‘promotion’, regard must be had to the employment relationship between the employer and the employee, as well as the nature of the employee’s current work in relation to the work applied for, in order to establish whether in fact a promotion has taken place. It is necessary to consider what unfair conduct is defined as in the context of promotions. It seems that managerial prerogative is at the center of the enquiry into unfair conduct of the employer. Further to the analysis of unfair conduct, various principles that govern both procedural and substantive unfairness are considered. These principles are dealt with separately with reference to case law. Lastly the dispute resolution mechanisms are considered and a brief discussion on remedies is undertaken. The remedies are discussed with reference to case law, as well as the provisions of the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 as amended by the Labour Relations Amendment Act 12 of 2002. The broad headings of this article are accordingly unfair labour practices, definition of promotions, unfair conduct of the employer, onus of proof and remedies. It is concluded with the proposition that once an employer has set policies and procedures in place in dealing with promotions, then such an employer should stick to those policies and procedures within the context of the law, as well as within the percepts of the vague and nebulous term of ‘fairness’. Should the employer fail to do so, the majority of cases indicate that such an employer will be guilty of an unfair labour practice relating to promotion.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Abrahams, Dawood
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Unfair labor practices -- South Africa , Promotions -- South Africa , Labor laws and legislation -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: vital:11035 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/329 , Unfair labor practices -- South Africa , Promotions -- South Africa , Labor laws and legislation -- South Africa
- Description: This article deals with the South African law relating to promotions. As promotion disputes mostly arise as alleged unfair labour practices, a short discussion on how the concept of an unfair labour practice developed in South Africa is undertaken. In this regard the common law is studied in order to see whether it makes provision for protection of employees subjected to unfair labour practices relating to promotions. Through this study one soon realises that the common law is in fact inadequate to deal with unfair labour practices relating to promotions, and thus an enquiry into various legislative provisions are undertaken. The impact of the all-important Wiehahn Commission of Enquiry, established in 1979, is also briefly discussed. In this article an attempt is made to define the term ‘promotion’. In this regard reference is made to some cases adjudicated upon by the Commission for Conciliation Mediation and Arbitration (the “CCMA”). The cases referred to seem to favour the view that when one is defining the term ‘promotion’, regard must be had to the employment relationship between the employer and the employee, as well as the nature of the employee’s current work in relation to the work applied for, in order to establish whether in fact a promotion has taken place. It is necessary to consider what unfair conduct is defined as in the context of promotions. It seems that managerial prerogative is at the center of the enquiry into unfair conduct of the employer. Further to the analysis of unfair conduct, various principles that govern both procedural and substantive unfairness are considered. These principles are dealt with separately with reference to case law. Lastly the dispute resolution mechanisms are considered and a brief discussion on remedies is undertaken. The remedies are discussed with reference to case law, as well as the provisions of the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 as amended by the Labour Relations Amendment Act 12 of 2002. The broad headings of this article are accordingly unfair labour practices, definition of promotions, unfair conduct of the employer, onus of proof and remedies. It is concluded with the proposition that once an employer has set policies and procedures in place in dealing with promotions, then such an employer should stick to those policies and procedures within the context of the law, as well as within the percepts of the vague and nebulous term of ‘fairness’. Should the employer fail to do so, the majority of cases indicate that such an employer will be guilty of an unfair labour practice relating to promotion.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
Financial inclusion in South Africa
- Authors: Abrahams, Rayghana
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Financial services industry -- South Africa , Financial institutions -- South Africa Finance -- South Africa South Africa -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/13579 , vital:27240
- Description: The research for this study was guided by the question on whether the financial inclusion improvement strategies of the South African government adequately address the financial inclusion targets, as set out in the National Development Plan. This descriptive non-empirical study was conducted by means of a literature review. The secondary data used for the study were collected from a number of sources, namely: (i) the 2015 Brookings Financial and Digital Inclusion Project report; (ii) the 2014 Global Findex survey; (iii) the InterMedia surveys; (iv) Financial Access surveys; (v) various national FinScope surveys; and (iv) a number of working papers of the World Bank related to financial inclusion. The data revealed that South Africa, with its sophisticated financial sector, was early to adopt policies and initiatives to advance financial inclusion and the country has experienced a noticeable increase in financial inclusion from 61% in 2004 to 87% in 2015. South Africa is 3% away from its National Development Plan goal of 90% financial inclusion by 2030. This indicates that overall, the financial inclusion initiatives adopted by the South African government were successful.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Abrahams, Rayghana
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Financial services industry -- South Africa , Financial institutions -- South Africa Finance -- South Africa South Africa -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/13579 , vital:27240
- Description: The research for this study was guided by the question on whether the financial inclusion improvement strategies of the South African government adequately address the financial inclusion targets, as set out in the National Development Plan. This descriptive non-empirical study was conducted by means of a literature review. The secondary data used for the study were collected from a number of sources, namely: (i) the 2015 Brookings Financial and Digital Inclusion Project report; (ii) the 2014 Global Findex survey; (iii) the InterMedia surveys; (iv) Financial Access surveys; (v) various national FinScope surveys; and (iv) a number of working papers of the World Bank related to financial inclusion. The data revealed that South Africa, with its sophisticated financial sector, was early to adopt policies and initiatives to advance financial inclusion and the country has experienced a noticeable increase in financial inclusion from 61% in 2004 to 87% in 2015. South Africa is 3% away from its National Development Plan goal of 90% financial inclusion by 2030. This indicates that overall, the financial inclusion initiatives adopted by the South African government were successful.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Exegesis of New Testament Texts: TNT 221
- Abrahams, S P, Chetty, Irvin G
- Authors: Abrahams, S P , Chetty, Irvin G
- Date: 2010-01
- Subjects: New Testament
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:18138 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1011036
- Description: Exegesis of New Testament Texts: TNT 221, supplementary examination January/February 2010.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2010-01
- Authors: Abrahams, S P , Chetty, Irvin G
- Date: 2010-01
- Subjects: New Testament
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:18138 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1011036
- Description: Exegesis of New Testament Texts: TNT 221, supplementary examination January/February 2010.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2010-01
Introduction to Documents of Christian Scripture: TNT 121
- Abrahams, S P, Chetty, Irvin G
- Authors: Abrahams, S P , Chetty, Irvin G
- Date: 2010-01
- Subjects: Bible -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:18137 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1011035
- Description: Introduction to Documents of Christian Scripture: TNT 121, supplementary examination January/February 2010.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2010-01
- Authors: Abrahams, S P , Chetty, Irvin G
- Date: 2010-01
- Subjects: Bible -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:18137 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1011035
- Description: Introduction to Documents of Christian Scripture: TNT 121, supplementary examination January/February 2010.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2010-01
Introduction to Documents of Christian Scripture: TNT 121
- Authors: Abrahams, S P , Chetty, I
- Date: 2009-10
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:18180 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1011137
- Description: Introduction to Documents of Christian Scripture: TNT 121, examinations October/November 2009.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2009-10
- Authors: Abrahams, S P , Chetty, I
- Date: 2009-10
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:18180 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1011137
- Description: Introduction to Documents of Christian Scripture: TNT 121, examinations October/November 2009.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2009-10
Introduction to Documents on Christian Scripture: TNT 121
- Abrahams, S P, Chetty, Irvin G
- Authors: Abrahams, S P , Chetty, Irvin G
- Date: 2010-01
- Subjects: Bible -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:18135 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1011028
- Description: Introduction to Documents on Christian Scripture: TNT 121, supplementary examination January 2010.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2010-01
- Authors: Abrahams, S P , Chetty, Irvin G
- Date: 2010-01
- Subjects: Bible -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:18135 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1011028
- Description: Introduction to Documents on Christian Scripture: TNT 121, supplementary examination January 2010.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2010-01
Understanding of biological teleology from a naturalistic perspective
- Authors: Abrahams, Sanaa
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Teleology , Biology -- Philosophy , Evolution (Biology) -- Philosophy
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/140534 , vital:37896
- Description: To the extent that teleological thinking is metaphysically suspect, many theorists attempt to shift the stigma of functional explanations by reducing function ascriptions, and aim thus to de-legitimise an appeal to teleological causal relations in an analysis of function. The point is to dispel the mystery which envelops the application of function concepts by reformulating biological functional explanations so as to dispense with teleology. My project is to interrogate the success with which teleological explanations have thus been eliminated in the biological sciences, and, over the course of this thesis, I conclude that a kind of teleological causation nevertheless remains the most adequate explanatory ground of natural products. My proposal is that functional explanations are causal explanations for the presence and maintenance of self-reproducing systems. I contend that, insofar as the attribution of function presupposes the valuation of a function-bearing system as a causal necessity for its constituent parts, functional explanation references distinct and irreducible holistic properties. Using Kantian metaphysics to frame the discussion, this thesis aims first to explore critically the subject of functional characterisations of biological phenomena, and second, the metaphysical basis of modern science. Its chief contributions to the philosophical function debate reside in proposing novel arguments in justification of what I consider is an improved formulation of an attempted definition of biological function, in which teleological causal powers are explicitly recognised and accommodated in functional explanation. Moreover, this thesis attempts a naturalistic reconstruction of the metaphysical entailments of the real causality of a whole
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Abrahams, Sanaa
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Teleology , Biology -- Philosophy , Evolution (Biology) -- Philosophy
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/140534 , vital:37896
- Description: To the extent that teleological thinking is metaphysically suspect, many theorists attempt to shift the stigma of functional explanations by reducing function ascriptions, and aim thus to de-legitimise an appeal to teleological causal relations in an analysis of function. The point is to dispel the mystery which envelops the application of function concepts by reformulating biological functional explanations so as to dispense with teleology. My project is to interrogate the success with which teleological explanations have thus been eliminated in the biological sciences, and, over the course of this thesis, I conclude that a kind of teleological causation nevertheless remains the most adequate explanatory ground of natural products. My proposal is that functional explanations are causal explanations for the presence and maintenance of self-reproducing systems. I contend that, insofar as the attribution of function presupposes the valuation of a function-bearing system as a causal necessity for its constituent parts, functional explanation references distinct and irreducible holistic properties. Using Kantian metaphysics to frame the discussion, this thesis aims first to explore critically the subject of functional characterisations of biological phenomena, and second, the metaphysical basis of modern science. Its chief contributions to the philosophical function debate reside in proposing novel arguments in justification of what I consider is an improved formulation of an attempted definition of biological function, in which teleological causal powers are explicitly recognised and accommodated in functional explanation. Moreover, this thesis attempts a naturalistic reconstruction of the metaphysical entailments of the real causality of a whole
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Budgeting, forecasting and financial planning as a strategic tool in the Eastern Cape's manufacturing industry
- Authors: Abrahams, Shaheed
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Budget process -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Business forecasting -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Business planning -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Manufacturing industries -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:8940 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1008408 , Budget process -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Business forecasting -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Business planning -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Manufacturing industries -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: The primary objective of the study is to assess whether organisations are using their budgeting, forecasting and financial planning information as a strategic tool in the decision-making process. The research aims to investigate the various factors that hinder the success of the finance department in delivering a quality financial plan, budget or forecast to top management and the rest of the organisation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Abrahams, Shaheed
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Budget process -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Business forecasting -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Business planning -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Manufacturing industries -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:8940 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1008408 , Budget process -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Business forecasting -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Business planning -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Manufacturing industries -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: The primary objective of the study is to assess whether organisations are using their budgeting, forecasting and financial planning information as a strategic tool in the decision-making process. The research aims to investigate the various factors that hinder the success of the finance department in delivering a quality financial plan, budget or forecast to top management and the rest of the organisation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Classification and clustering based methods for outlier detection of solar resource data
- Authors: Abrahams, Waldo
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55423 , vital:51996
- Description: Almost 90% of the primary global energy demand is serviced from the burning of fossil fuels (Abas, Kalair & Khan, 2015). Owing to the detrimental environmental impact of this, a global energy transition to the use of renewable energy, including solar energy, is needed (Gielen et al., 2019). An important aspect that inhibits the growth of solar energy is accurate solar resource data. Such data is needed because knowledge of the future reliability and quality of energy production is required to analyse a system’s performance and determine financial implications (Sengupta et al., 2017). Existing methods used to detect outliers in solar resource data do not efficiently identify outliers and an accurate and robust approach is required (Eastwood, 2019). Using simulated and real-world data, this study investigates the use of several classification methods, along with a two-stage clustering-classification approach to accurately identify outliers in solar resource data. The Treebag method proves to be an adequate outlier detection method for solar resource data. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Abrahams, Waldo
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55423 , vital:51996
- Description: Almost 90% of the primary global energy demand is serviced from the burning of fossil fuels (Abas, Kalair & Khan, 2015). Owing to the detrimental environmental impact of this, a global energy transition to the use of renewable energy, including solar energy, is needed (Gielen et al., 2019). An important aspect that inhibits the growth of solar energy is accurate solar resource data. Such data is needed because knowledge of the future reliability and quality of energy production is required to analyse a system’s performance and determine financial implications (Sengupta et al., 2017). Existing methods used to detect outliers in solar resource data do not efficiently identify outliers and an accurate and robust approach is required (Eastwood, 2019). Using simulated and real-world data, this study investigates the use of several classification methods, along with a two-stage clustering-classification approach to accurately identify outliers in solar resource data. The Treebag method proves to be an adequate outlier detection method for solar resource data. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The potential for concept cartoons to assist natural sciences teachers with developing scientific jargon for primary school learners
- Authors: Abrahams, Warda
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Science--Study and teaching
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40219 , vital:35984
- Description: The study was undertaken to investigate whether a teaching tool Concept Cartoons may assist Intermediate Phase (IP) Natural Sciences teachers with the development and understanding of scientific jargon, when implemented in Natural Sciences investigations. As a novice Natural Sciences teacher it was important to find a teaching tool which would assist second language learners with scientific concepts, particularly focusing on science investigations. The focal aim was to search for a fun, captivating, educational resource that would cater for these learners’ barriers to science learning. This research falls within a constructivist worldview, and the research method employed was a case study. Data were collected through qualitative approach, via semi-structured interviews. A total of nine participating Intermediate Phase Natural Sciences teachers from the Port Elizabeth Northern Areas schools contributed towards the findings of this study. This study was an investigation undertaken to see whether a different teaching approach may encourage change. The findings of this study suggested that Concept Cartoons used in Natural Sciences investigations created an educational effect towards the learners understanding of science concepts. Intermediate Phase learners were introduced to Concept Cartoons to assist with their understanding of science terminology during practical investigations. The results of this investigation suggested that Concept Cartoons assisted English second-language learners with scientific jargon and served as an educative curriculum material for Intermediate Phase teachers. Furthermore Grade 4 findings suggested English home-language speakers struggled with scientific language, compared to their second-language peers who achieved greater results due to the amount of effort and determination they dedicated to translating these concepts. Further studies suggested this maybe because science terminology does not form part of their everyday vocabulary, therefore experiencing difficulty with scien1. Concept Cartoons: teachers and scientific investigations 2. Concept Cartoons: design, characters and speech bubbles 3. Concept Cartoons: enabling scientific talk 4. Concept Cartoons: scientific jargon 5. Concept Cartoons: scientific jargon and ESL learners 6. Concept Cartoons: teacher learning. This study, which aimed at introducing Concept Cartoons as an educative curriculum tool in Natural Sciences investigations, is expected to fill an important gap in literature surrounding teaching science jargon to English second-language learners.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Abrahams, Warda
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Science--Study and teaching
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40219 , vital:35984
- Description: The study was undertaken to investigate whether a teaching tool Concept Cartoons may assist Intermediate Phase (IP) Natural Sciences teachers with the development and understanding of scientific jargon, when implemented in Natural Sciences investigations. As a novice Natural Sciences teacher it was important to find a teaching tool which would assist second language learners with scientific concepts, particularly focusing on science investigations. The focal aim was to search for a fun, captivating, educational resource that would cater for these learners’ barriers to science learning. This research falls within a constructivist worldview, and the research method employed was a case study. Data were collected through qualitative approach, via semi-structured interviews. A total of nine participating Intermediate Phase Natural Sciences teachers from the Port Elizabeth Northern Areas schools contributed towards the findings of this study. This study was an investigation undertaken to see whether a different teaching approach may encourage change. The findings of this study suggested that Concept Cartoons used in Natural Sciences investigations created an educational effect towards the learners understanding of science concepts. Intermediate Phase learners were introduced to Concept Cartoons to assist with their understanding of science terminology during practical investigations. The results of this investigation suggested that Concept Cartoons assisted English second-language learners with scientific jargon and served as an educative curriculum material for Intermediate Phase teachers. Furthermore Grade 4 findings suggested English home-language speakers struggled with scientific language, compared to their second-language peers who achieved greater results due to the amount of effort and determination they dedicated to translating these concepts. Further studies suggested this maybe because science terminology does not form part of their everyday vocabulary, therefore experiencing difficulty with scien1. Concept Cartoons: teachers and scientific investigations 2. Concept Cartoons: design, characters and speech bubbles 3. Concept Cartoons: enabling scientific talk 4. Concept Cartoons: scientific jargon 5. Concept Cartoons: scientific jargon and ESL learners 6. Concept Cartoons: teacher learning. This study, which aimed at introducing Concept Cartoons as an educative curriculum tool in Natural Sciences investigations, is expected to fill an important gap in literature surrounding teaching science jargon to English second-language learners.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The nature of modern mathematics: inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University
- Authors: Abrahamson, B
- Date: 1959
- Subjects: Mathematics
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:591 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020660
- Description: Inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation) iiidc:provenance
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1959
- Authors: Abrahamson, B
- Date: 1959
- Subjects: Mathematics
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:591 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020660
- Description: Inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation) iiidc:provenance
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1959
An entrepreneurial framework for new venture property development projects
- Authors: Abrey, Mark Henry Shaw
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Real estate development -- South Africa , Entrepreneurship -- South Africa , Land subdivision -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:9709 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020162
- Description: The business of real estate is one of the largest suppliers of employment, and contributes significantly to the gross domestic product of numerous countries worldwide. It is, therefore, imperative that new real estate development entrepreneurs entering the market identify key competitiveness indicators in order to survive and ensure their success within an ever-changing market. However, property development is a complex process and considered to be 'too risky' Consequently, property development entrepreneurs lack the skills and expertise to effectively manage their business enterprises and the associated risks from project inception to completion, and commissioning. The study was conducted by means of a review of the related literature and by conducting an empirical study. The empirical study was conducted using a quantitative statistical approach by distributing research questionnaires to members falling within the sample population. The primary objective of the study was to develop an entrepreneurial framework for perceived success of new venture property development projects. A descriptive survey was conducted among professionals registered with the South African Property Owners Association (SAPOA) and property development practitioners within South Africa. The salient findings suggest that the following variables positively influence the perceived success of new venture property development projects: Entrepreneurial vision; Strategic management; Stakeholders‘ interests; Professional feasibility and viability reporting; Procurement; Communication; Consumer confidence; Risk management; Governance structures; Specialist advice; The entrepreneurial framework, and The project management body of knowledge (PMBOK). Furthermore, the following variables were identified in the empirical framework affecting the perceived success of new venture property development projects: Entrepreneurial Vision; Strategic Management; Stakeholders‘ Interest; Professional Feasibility and Viability Reporting; Procurement; Communication; Consumer Confidence; Risk Management; Governance Structures; Specialist Advice, and The Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK). This study contributed to the South African property development body of knowledge by addressing the challenges faced by inexperienced entrepreneurs entering the property development market. Furthermore, this study aimed to improve the framework utilised by emerging property developers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Abrey, Mark Henry Shaw
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Real estate development -- South Africa , Entrepreneurship -- South Africa , Land subdivision -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:9709 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020162
- Description: The business of real estate is one of the largest suppliers of employment, and contributes significantly to the gross domestic product of numerous countries worldwide. It is, therefore, imperative that new real estate development entrepreneurs entering the market identify key competitiveness indicators in order to survive and ensure their success within an ever-changing market. However, property development is a complex process and considered to be 'too risky' Consequently, property development entrepreneurs lack the skills and expertise to effectively manage their business enterprises and the associated risks from project inception to completion, and commissioning. The study was conducted by means of a review of the related literature and by conducting an empirical study. The empirical study was conducted using a quantitative statistical approach by distributing research questionnaires to members falling within the sample population. The primary objective of the study was to develop an entrepreneurial framework for perceived success of new venture property development projects. A descriptive survey was conducted among professionals registered with the South African Property Owners Association (SAPOA) and property development practitioners within South Africa. The salient findings suggest that the following variables positively influence the perceived success of new venture property development projects: Entrepreneurial vision; Strategic management; Stakeholders‘ interests; Professional feasibility and viability reporting; Procurement; Communication; Consumer confidence; Risk management; Governance structures; Specialist advice; The entrepreneurial framework, and The project management body of knowledge (PMBOK). Furthermore, the following variables were identified in the empirical framework affecting the perceived success of new venture property development projects: Entrepreneurial Vision; Strategic Management; Stakeholders‘ Interest; Professional Feasibility and Viability Reporting; Procurement; Communication; Consumer Confidence; Risk Management; Governance Structures; Specialist Advice, and The Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK). This study contributed to the South African property development body of knowledge by addressing the challenges faced by inexperienced entrepreneurs entering the property development market. Furthermore, this study aimed to improve the framework utilised by emerging property developers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015