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https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35215 0.05). This study recommends that it is imperative for the Nigerian government to make more efforts with the provision of adequate rehabilitation programmes and facilities in the two correctional centres and correctional centres across the country as an exploration of existing literature reveals that most correctional centres in Nigeria lacked basic facilities for inmate rehabilitation as inmates were idle during incarceration.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 05:54:12 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30535 Thu 13 May 2021 05:45:39 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30585 Thu 13 May 2021 05:45:06 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28020 Thu 13 May 2021 05:35:32 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35115 Thu 13 May 2021 05:32:11 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28067 Thu 13 May 2021 05:31:56 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30537 B ± 0.1ᵒ and (111) ± 0.1ᵒ] using similar growth conditions yielded a higher dot density on the (100) substrate compared to the (111) substrate. This was attributed to the presence of terraces/atomic steps induced by the misorientation on the (100) substrate, which invariably gives rise to increased adsorption and an enhanced sticking coefficient of adatoms. Studies on the influence of a buffer layer on the morphology of uncapped dots showed that the shape and size of the dots are sensitive to the thickness of the buffer layer. In some case a corrugated buffer surface resulted, which introduced order in the arrangement of the dots, which formed preferentially inside the troughs. An increase in the V/III ratio from 1.0 to 3.0 was found to reduce the areal density of the QDs, while an analysis of the diameter histograms showed a narrowing of the size distribution with an increase in V/III ratio. The larger size distribution at low V/III was ascribed to the increase in indium species and the increased indium adatom migration length. This leads to increased dot density and nucleation sites, and thus triggers an increase in the conversion of tiny QDs into thermodynamically more suitable larger dots via coalescence. However, as the V/III ratio increased, the number of indium adatoms available for growth on the surface reduced, which automatically led to a decrease in the migration length of indium species which is unfavourable for the production of nucleation sites and to a decrease in dot density. Low growth rates were found to be beneficial for the growth of a high density (~5×1010cm-2) of QDs. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis of the capped samples at low temperature (~10 K), using an excitation power of 2 mW, showed a PL peak at ∼732 meV. Upon an increase in laser power to 120 mW, a blue shift of ∼ 8 meV was noticed. This emission typically persisted up to 60–70 K. An increase in the number of InSb QD-layers, was observed to cause an increase in the luminescence spectral line width and a long-wavelength shift of the PL lines, together with an enhancement in the strength of the PL emission. However, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) of the capped dots revealed the formation of an InGaSb quantum well-like structure, ∼10 nm thick, which was responsible for the PL signal mentioned above. The absence of QDs in the capped sample was attributed to inter-diffusion of Ga and In during the deposition of the cap layer, giving rise to a quantum well (QW) instead of the intended QDs. The presence of threading dislocations and stacking faults were also observed in the TEM micrographs of the samples containing multilayers, which can account for the fast quenching of the PL emission with increasing temperature from these samples. Theoretical simulations of the band alignment, wave functions and energy levels were in good agreement with the data collected from the PL spectra of the samples.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 04:56:31 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:37905 Thu 13 May 2021 04:54:44 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28132 Thu 13 May 2021 04:42:41 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30539 Thu 13 May 2021 04:34:56 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28213 Thu 13 May 2021 04:33:28 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:32838 Thu 13 May 2021 03:55:05 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:39660 Thu 13 May 2021 03:53:30 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28407 Thu 13 May 2021 03:42:47 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34321 Thu 13 May 2021 02:59:48 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:36685 Thu 13 May 2021 02:43:43 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:29523 Thu 13 May 2021 01:43:40 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35946 Thu 13 May 2021 01:37:54 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28105 Thu 13 May 2021 01:32:49 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:39386 Thu 13 May 2021 01:30:20 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30588 Thu 13 May 2021 01:18:44 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:27821 Thu 13 May 2021 01:17:53 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30591 Thu 13 May 2021 00:26:42 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35463 0.64); and WHtR and WC (>0.62). There exists a good agreement between WC and WHR. Also, a moderate agreement exists between WC and WHtR, WC and NC, WHR and WHtR, and WHtR and NC. The prevalence of above normal body composition for participants with hypertension was 71.0 percent, 65.9 percent, 63.2 percent and 66.5 percent by WC, WHR, WHtR and NC, respectively. For diabetes, the prevalence was 20.6 percent, 19.4 percent, 17.0 percent and 18.6 percent by WC, WHR, WHtR and NC, respectively. Waist circumference was a stronger predictor of hypertension and diabetics, with odds ratio of 3.7 (95 percent CI: 2.3-6.1 and 3.1 (95 percent CI: 1.6-6.0), compared to NC, with odds ratio of 1.7 (95 percent CI: 1.1-2.8). The prevalence of pre-hypertension was 33.7 percent and hypertension was 57.0 percent. Age, marital status, level of education, period of driving, obesity, alcohol, sweet drinks consumption and diabetes were significantly associated with hypertension. After adjusting for confounders, age >35 years (P=0.004), obesity and alcohol use (P<0.001), period of driving >5years (p=0.028) and diabetes (P=0.003) were significant predictors of hypertension. Prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes was 17 percent and 16 percent, respectively. Of those who were diabetic (n=63), the majority were aware of their diabetes status (n=43) and were on treatment (n=30). Age, marital status, level of education, period of driving, obesity, sweet drinks consumption, physical activities and hypertension were significantly associated with diabetes. Only age >35 (AOR= 3.6, CI 1.2-11.1), ever married (AOR= 3.3, CI 1.5-7.0) and hypertension (AOR= 3.4, CI 1.7-6.8) were the independent predictors of diabetes after adjusting for confounders. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 22 percent. Age, marital status, level of education, physical inactivity and period of driving were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome. After adjusting for confounders, only age above 35 years (Adjusted Odd Ratio [AOR] =3.8, CI=1.4- 9.5), ever married (AOR=3.0, CI=1.6-5.3) and period of driving above five years (AOR= 2.4, CI=1.2-4.7) were the significant and independent predictors of metabolic syndrome. About 30 percent of the participants were daily smokers, 37 percent consume alcohol regularly and only 18 percent were physically active, while 82 percent were physically inactive. In conclusion, there was a high prevalence of obesity, hypertension and diabetes among the commercial drivers in this setting, which is associated with unhealthy lifestyles (smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, physical inactivity). Interventions aimed at promoting cardiovascular health of commercial drivers such as health education and workplace screening, should prioritize weight reduction, healthy eating and physical activity in this population.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 00:20:29 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30642 Thu 13 May 2021 00:17:25 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:38712 Thu 11 Aug 2022 06:27:06 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28533 Thu 09 Mar 2023 09:44:15 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28049 Mon 18 Sep 2023 15:54:58 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35613 Mon 15 Aug 2022 16:06:28 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:29668 Mon 08 Aug 2022 21:21:51 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35402 Mon 08 Aug 2022 21:18:40 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:29146 Mon 08 Aug 2022 05:44:28 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:44427 Mon 04 Oct 2021 19:59:57 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:44428 Mon 04 Oct 2021 18:46:48 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:27629 Mon 03 Jul 2023 14:13:59 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30543 Fri 15 Mar 2024 12:32:16 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26897 Fri 06 Aug 2021 09:57:38 SAST ]]>