https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:29944 Wed 13 Mar 2024 11:15:27 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28314 Wed 13 Mar 2024 10:54:46 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35082 Wed 13 Mar 2024 10:19:39 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11304 Wed 12 May 2021 23:12:42 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28066 0.05) between Dense, Mixed and Moderate bushland. Woody plant density in all these sites exceed 2500 plants/ha, which showed that the rangeland was encroached with woody plants. Soil nutrient content was determined for each site. Five samples of soil were collected per site to test the effect of bush encroachment on soil nutrient composition. The concentration of nitrogen and soil pH increased with increase in bush density, while that of potassium, phosphorous, magnesium, sodium and sulphur showed no significant differences (P>0.05) across all homogenous vegetation units. The study revealed that Sheshegu communal farmers are aware of both negative and positive effects of encroachment on their community, and also argue that the government is not willing to support communal farmers in the process of reducing the spread of bush encroachment. It was concluded that the concentration of nitrogen and soil pH increased with increasing bush density and that bush encroachment had negative effects on herbaceous species. It was recommended that communal farmers should be formulating rangeland rules and regulations to manage rangeland resources. Rangeland rules and regulations should be based on the management of livestock management during grazing and harvesting of rangeland resources. The harvesting of woody and good timing of application of fire can also reduce the spread of bush encroachment. Veld resting and rotational grazing can also improve fuel load which is required for burning of woody plants. Furthermore, Department of agriculture should also provide workshops or training to communal farmers use different approaches or cheap ways of reducing bush encroachment and conserving rangeland resources.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 23:00:02 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4066 Wed 12 May 2021 22:37:55 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:39698 Wed 12 May 2021 20:54:21 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5919 Wed 12 May 2021 20:13:33 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:714 Wed 12 May 2021 19:58:12 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3501 Wed 12 May 2021 19:26:06 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1009 Wed 12 May 2021 18:31:22 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:863 Wed 12 May 2021 18:31:03 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:38613 Wed 12 May 2021 17:45:33 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:20986 Wed 12 May 2021 17:36:46 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4455 Wed 12 May 2021 17:08:53 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5605 Wed 12 May 2021 17:08:20 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26446 Wed 12 May 2021 16:40:14 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:27560 0.05) differences on the chemical composition (CP, NDF, ADF, and ash) and mineral composition (Ca, P, K, Na, Mn, Cu, Zn and Fe) of the six varieties. The grass silage results showed significant differences (P< 0.05) among the six varieties for moisture content. Perennial ryegrass variety Nui (66.76 percent) had low moisture content than the other grass silages. The different varieties had no significant effects (P>0.05) on chemical composition (CP, NDF, ADF, and ash) and mineral composition (Ca, P, K, Na, Mn, Cu, Zn and Fe). It is concluded that the biomass production of the six varieties of three grass species was different throughout the year under irrigation hence Ryegrass and Tall fescue are recommended for dairy farmers in the region for all seasons. It can be concluded that there is no difference with respect to fermentation characteristics and nutrient content among the varieties of the grass species.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 16:32:34 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3454 Wed 12 May 2021 16:27:51 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1480 Wed 12 May 2021 15:44:29 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:40017 methanol extract> hexane extract> acetone extract. The hatching of nauplii was in a concentration dependent fashion, with hatching success decreasing with increase in concentration of extracts. Lethality of extracts determined based on Meyerʼs index of toxicity, showed that the acetone and hexane extracts of V. karroo were moderately toxic. The results of this study indicated that aqueous and methanolic extracts of Vachellia karroo pods were not toxic, therefore supporting its traditional therapeutic usage. This implies that rather than discard x the pods as is waste as it being currently done, Vachellia karroo pods could be salvaged and processed along with the leaves, thus reducing environmental pollution. Proximate parameters (moisture, ash, crude fibre, crude fat, proteins, and carbohydrate) were evaluated using ALASA methods, and elemental analysis by ICP-OES technique. Nutritional analysis showed that V. karroo pods had low content of crude fat and high content of crude fibre, ash, crude protein, and carbohydrate sufficient to meet the recommended dietary allowances. The pods were rich in major minerals Ca, K, P and Mg, with sufficient amount of trace elements Na, Fe, Zn, and Cu. The outcome of this study suggests that Vachellia karroo pods have good nutritional potentials to support or complement the recommended dietary allowance and could be a cheap source of essential nutrients that could help in ameliorating most nutritional challenges as well as contribute remarkably to the amount of nutrient intake in human and animal diets.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 15:01:01 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:42811 Wed 12 May 2021 13:48:53 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11478 Thu 13 May 2021 13:01:25 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:21212 Thu 13 May 2021 12:47:52 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:20623 Thu 13 May 2021 08:09:19 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1711 Thu 13 May 2021 06:27:01 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:27362 Thu 13 May 2021 06:23:33 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:39658 Thu 13 May 2021 05:49:34 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5399 Thu 13 May 2021 05:30:55 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26468 Thu 13 May 2021 03:59:46 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28686 Thu 13 May 2021 03:01:37 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34321 Thu 13 May 2021 02:59:48 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:39126 0.05) observed in meat L*, b* and C * . Ultimate pH was negatively correlated with thawing loss and some colorimetric attributes of lamb such as lightness, yellowness and hue angle. Moreover, tenderness was positively correlated with cooking and thawing losses. Significant differences were not (P>0.05) observed in sarcomere length, myofibrilar diameter and shear force between A and AB classes. Both sarcomere length and myofibrilar diameter were not correlated (P>0.05) with meat tenderness. These results suggest that A and AB classes are the same in nanostructure and that muscle nanostructure of these two classes is not related to meat tenderness. It was concluded that meat from sheep carcasses falling under the A and AB classes in the South African classification system vary greatly in physicochemical quality. Moreover, sheep carcasses from A and AB classes have the same sarcomere lengths and hence, they do not differ in meat tenderness (WBSF). However, when these classes were observed under a microscope, slight differences were noted in sarcomere lengths and myofibrilar diameters, which led to a conclusion that the two should remain as separated classes because their combination would result in the expansion of the non-uniformity of red meat tenderness. Therefore, A and AB classes should not be combined in the South African classification system. Further research is, however, recommended to evaluate the influence of other factors that were not examined in the current study.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 02:40:47 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26490 Thu 13 May 2021 01:28:57 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1653 Thu 13 May 2021 01:06:18 SAST ]]>