https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:71911 Wed 27 Mar 2024 10:39:41 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:65942 Wed 26 Jul 2023 15:22:10 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62734 Wed 22 Mar 2023 13:07:03 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62733 Wed 22 Mar 2023 12:56:43 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62724 Wed 22 Mar 2023 11:40:43 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62722 Wed 22 Mar 2023 10:39:20 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:52002 Wed 19 Oct 2022 14:21:27 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:69766 Wed 15 Nov 2023 12:29:00 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:69765 Wed 15 Nov 2023 11:34:54 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:69762 Wed 15 Nov 2023 10:45:02 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:69755 Wed 15 Nov 2023 10:01:01 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28265 Wed 13 Mar 2024 14:17:24 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:41619 80 μg∙L-1, ≥ 2781 H. akashiwo cells∙mL-1). Dissolved oxygen differed significantly by bloom state, with the highest dissolved oxygen concentrations. Larval fish density, diversity and community structure variability were lower during hypereutrophic blooms compared to standard blooms and bloom absence, albeit statistically insignificant. Estuarine resident larval density was negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen concentration (P < 0.001). Dominant prey copepod of G. aestuaria larvae, P. hessei, was less abundant and variable during hypereutrophic blooms (mean: 664, range: 4-4301 individuals per m3) compared to standard blooms (mean: 950, range: 2-5237 individuals per m3) and bloom absence (mean: 1182, range: 23-7259 individuals per m3). Although HABs did not appear to drive a mismatch between prey and G. aestuaria larvae, early juvenile larvae made only a small contribution to the assemblage (0.2-1.8%). In terms of predator effects, yolk sac larvae were negatively related to R. terranatalis (P < 0.05). A significant positive relationship was found between prey, P. hessei and G. aestuaria preflexion (P < 0.001), flexion (P < 0.001) and postflexion (P < 0.05) larvae. In a world first, the effects of HABs were investigated on a larval fish species, Gilchristella aestuaria, using biochemical body condition analyses. During severe bloom conditions, G. aestuaria larvae were smaller and the assemblage consisted of mainly early developmental stages (stats). Body condition (RNA per dry weight) was poorest in the presence of hypereutrophic blooms (P < 0.001). A bell-curved relationship between RNA/DW and dissolved oxygen concentration was also produced in a 3-day time-lagged GAM (P < 0.001). In conclusion, hypereutrophic bloom conditions appeared to trigger adult G. aestuaria spawning in the upper mesohaline zone of the estuary in response to heightened primary productivity which occurs during the early bloom stage. However, reductions in copepod abundance (P. hessei) and unfavourable oxygen concentrations interfered with grow-out of G. aestuaria larvae. This research showed that HABs can alter nursery properties to the detriment of G. aestuaria larvae can have serious knock-on effects up the food chain. The loss in abundance of adult, juvenile and larval G. aestuaria, a key forage fish in South African estuaries, has major implications for estuarine food webs, especially in reduced prey availability to juvenile fishes and birds. There is still much to learn about the effects of HABs on the physiological and behavioural aspects on plankton communities worldwide.]]> Wed 13 Mar 2024 14:10:51 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:41611 Wed 13 Mar 2024 14:10:26 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28757 Wed 13 Mar 2024 14:10:22 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:70687 Wed 13 Mar 2024 14:06:06 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:70635 Wed 13 Mar 2024 14:05:11 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:32483 Wed 13 Mar 2024 11:50:54 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35643 Wed 13 Mar 2024 11:50:28 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:20443 Wed 13 Mar 2024 11:43:41 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35510 Wed 13 Mar 2024 11:43:34 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62318 1 year) with a density of 8.8 lions per 100 km2 . The estimated mean home range size of male lions was 279 km2 with a highest probability density (HPD) range of 179 – 385 km2 . The estimated mean home range of female lions was 191 km2 with a HPD range of 135 – 262 km2 . The larger home range size for male lions and smaller home range size for females is found v throughout the African continent in protected areas. The estimated sex ratio was 0.9♀:1♂, which is unexpected as PNP sex ratios between male and female lions is usually 2♀:1♂. A future sampling design for PNP was produced from the completed lion survey dataset. I drove a total of 7350 km and evaluated the influence of varied sampling efforts (i.e., kms driven) on precision estimates and relative bias for abundance, movement, and sex ratio. I found that a minimum of 4 000 km was needed to adequately estimate the lion abundance, movement, and sex ratio in this small fenced protected area. These findings can be used to help guide management to the most cost-effective sampling method and still obtain accurate estimates for monitoring lions. By showing management what is required for appropriate lion surveys this might help improve future monitoring.]]> Wed 13 Mar 2024 11:40:30 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:27307 Wed 13 Mar 2024 11:29:58 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:31348 Wed 13 Mar 2024 11:29:23 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:29807 Wed 13 Mar 2024 10:05:29 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10593 Wed 13 Mar 2024 09:41:38 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:41606 Wed 13 Mar 2024 09:37:38 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:27363 Wed 13 Mar 2024 09:16:24 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:68916 Wed 11 Oct 2023 10:52:24 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62356 Wed 08 Mar 2023 15:38:38 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62319 Wed 08 Mar 2023 15:17:05 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:59241 Wed 08 Feb 2023 10:07:28 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30794 Wed 08 Feb 2023 09:51:50 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30778 Wed 08 Feb 2023 09:41:49 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:70077 Tue 28 Nov 2023 15:39:17 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:70065 Tue 28 Nov 2023 14:51:55 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:70044 Tue 28 Nov 2023 12:39:10 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:52812 Tue 23 May 2023 08:52:22 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62698 Tue 21 Mar 2023 12:00:08 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62695 Tue 21 Mar 2023 11:30:30 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62697 Tue 21 Mar 2023 11:21:50 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62696 Tue 21 Mar 2023 10:46:29 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:66574 Tue 15 Aug 2023 12:42:53 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:69715 Tue 14 Nov 2023 09:57:15 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:36614 5m). This study aimed to address this information gap. Dive surveys were conducted along 10 m long transects (~3 reps) at three depth zones (<1m; 1-2m; > 2m) for four sites along the span of the ranching concession area. Similar assessments were done at a seeded site at the Noordhoek Ski Boat Club and an unseeded site at the Willows area, in order to reveal whether seeding had any impact on the benthic community. Images from a GoPro mounted in the centre of a framer unit (0.5 m2) were taken every 0.5 m along the transect. Macroalgal and macrofaunal cover was determined from these images, and the benthic community characterised from these data. Seaweed samples were taken for species identification. In the four baseline sites, sampling was done at three depth zones to note any changes with a depth gradient, both in terms of substrate type, as well as community composition. There was a notable trend with substrate type having a significant influence (P<0.05) on the community structure. Seaweed communities were dominated by Plocamium corallorhiza and coralline turf based on substrate types. There was also a significant relationship (P<0.05) between substrate type, dominant seaweed species and abalone presence. A Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) of the community data suggested that the benthic community does not change significantly along the distance of coastline sampled. A hierarchical cluster analysis of Bray-Curtis dissimilarity for transect data also suggested that the four sites do not represent ecologically dissimilar communities. A similar analysis showed that abalone seeding had to date not altered the benthic community in shallow seeded areas from the community described for shallow unseeded areas. The study was used to describe the baseline benthic community in areas west of Cape Recife, examine the natural variability along the coast, and determine whether there are relationships between the benthic community composition and emergent abalone abundance. This information will be useful in selection of habitats for abalone seeding in the future. It is important that monitoring and surveying of the study area are to be continued in so allowing for long term data collection which will help in making informed decisions as well as documenting the impact in seeded areas when compared to unseeded areas.]]> Tue 12 Mar 2024 15:12:54 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:70622 272 kh). The Fe/Cr and Fe/Mo ratios in overall carbides decreased from 5 and 10 (initial state) to 1 and 2 (>272 kh), respectively. The TKD analysis indicated that the relative phase proportion of M2C and M7C3 carbides, relative to the total extracted carbides, is positively correlated with service exposure. These microstructural features correlate with the creep life fraction consumed and could potentially be used as another indicator of the remnant creep life.]]> Tue 12 Dec 2023 15:05:41 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:70618 Tue 12 Dec 2023 13:39:22 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:70602 Tue 12 Dec 2023 11:30:04 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:56013 Tue 06 Sep 2022 14:34:13 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:55956 Tue 06 Sep 2022 12:08:04 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:67197 Thu 31 Aug 2023 10:26:34 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46306 Thu 20 Oct 2022 12:38:48 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:69807 Thu 16 Nov 2023 15:07:51 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:69792 Thu 16 Nov 2023 11:42:23 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:69791 Thu 16 Nov 2023 10:59:47 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62686 Thu 14 Mar 2024 14:59:00 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:70692 Thu 14 Dec 2023 11:51:39 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62423 130%. This assessment ultimately provides a platform for regional governance development at the basin scale and Earth Stewardship science in East Africa. These changes require transdisciplinary action from researchers to civil society. The AAC provides the foundation for understanding the dynamics of the systems that support life across broader spatial and temporal resolutions in Africa, highlighting the need for future generations to build socio-ecological resilience to anticipate challenges such as biodiversity loss posed by climate change and excessive land cover change.]]> Thu 09 Mar 2023 15:39:54 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62418 Thu 09 Mar 2023 15:18:58 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62409 Thu 09 Mar 2023 14:37:01 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:57635 40) individually, using logistic regression. A strong linear relationship between dNBR and stem fire severity (r2 = 0.69, p < 0.001) confirmed the accuracy of dNBR as a measure of fire severity in Afrotemperate forest. In the fire investigated, 4 628 ha of Afrotemperate forest burnt of which 67% burnt at low severity, 21% at medium severity and 12% at high severity. The dNBR values associated with fire severity categories were comparable between Afrotemperate and North American forests, suggesting that dNBR values are relatively standard across forest types. Information on the distribution of fire severity vi facilitates investigation of further questions regarding past and future fire regimes and the fire ecology of Afrotemperate forest. The post-fire survival rate of Afrotemperate forest trees was 45% which is comparable to that in coniferous forests of North America but lower than that in temperate forests of Australia and Portugal and the neighbouring dune thicket which shares several species with Afrotemperate forest. Fire severity had a significant negative effect on survival and tree size a significant positive effect. Total variance explained by the model (for species collectively) was 40.8%, of which fire severity and tree size combined explained 13.2%, and species as random factor, 27.6%. Respective tree species showed differential survival responses – four species showed high survival (> 60% of individuals), while five species showed low survival (< 40%). This study was the first post-fire assessment of the resprouting ability of Afrotemperate forest trees and a third of the trees surveyed (for species collectively) resprouted from the stem. This suggested that resprouting from the stem is a primary means of post-fire recovery in Afrotemperate forest trees, in contrast with previous assertions that several common canopy species, including Podocarpus latifolius, Afrocarpus falcatus, Scutia myrtina, Scolopia mundii and Rapanea melanophloeos, are unable to resprout. Varying resilience to fire among species supports previous suggestions that fire affects species’ composition and diversity in these forests and calls for careful management of fire regimes in the face of global change.]]> Mon 31 Oct 2022 14:43:48 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:37113 Mon 22 Aug 2022 15:05:57 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:37114 Mon 22 Aug 2022 15:05:56 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:29314 Mon 22 Aug 2022 14:58:54 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:37128 Mon 22 Aug 2022 14:58:53 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:69690 Mon 13 Nov 2023 12:55:18 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:69686 Mon 13 Nov 2023 12:10:26 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62208 Mon 06 Mar 2023 13:24:05 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62195 Mon 06 Mar 2023 12:53:06 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62175 Mon 06 Mar 2023 11:52:55 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62169 Mon 06 Mar 2023 11:09:17 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62157 100 µm) dynamics within the dynamic coastal ecosystem of Algoa Bay, located within warmtemperate South Africa, in spring 2020 and summer 2021. This study revealed seasonal shifts in mesozooplankton taxa succession from spring herbivorous/omnivorous, dominated by copepods, to summer omnivorous/carnivorous mesozooplankton, dominated by copepods, Noctiluca sp., Cladocera, doliolids, salps and siphonophores. The mesozooplankton integrated abundance (mean ± standard error) increased from spring to summer, with 101 ± 26 (min. – max.: 18 – 200) x 103 ind m¯ 2 and 422 ± 80 (min. – max.: 37 – 1056) x 103 ind m¯ 2 , respectively. In summer, mesozooplankton composition was affected by the passage of a Natal Pulse, identified from satellite-derived sea level anomaly data. This study also provided the first vertical profiles of copepod distributions and suspended particles in Algoa Bay, with a peak of small particle (< 1 mm ESD) biomass close to the bottom and often, but not systematically, higher copepod abundances above the thermocline. The results presented herein are expected to contribute to the understanding of the coastal pelagic ecosystem in Algoa Bay in response to environmental perturbations]]> Mon 06 Mar 2023 09:45:34 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:71474 Mon 05 Feb 2024 11:48:42 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:71473 Mon 05 Feb 2024 11:19:47 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:43448 Mon 05 Feb 2024 10:32:22 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:66017 Fri 28 Jul 2023 14:58:10 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:66741 Fri 25 Aug 2023 10:39:58 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62815 Fri 24 Mar 2023 15:08:31 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:69847 Fri 17 Nov 2023 14:53:15 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:69844 Fri 17 Nov 2023 14:19:01 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:69828 Fri 17 Nov 2023 13:20:56 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:36669 Fri 15 Mar 2024 13:06:48 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:69851 Fri 15 Mar 2024 12:52:01 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:27018 Fri 15 Mar 2024 12:32:30 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30543 Fri 15 Mar 2024 12:32:16 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:40457 Fri 15 Mar 2024 12:25:35 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:27011 Fri 15 Mar 2024 12:25:14 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:40468 Fri 15 Mar 2024 12:24:52 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:41607 Fri 15 Mar 2024 12:11:18 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:54395 Fri 15 Mar 2024 12:10:52 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:53410 Fri 15 Mar 2024 12:05:51 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:70688 Fri 15 Mar 2024 12:04:38 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:43438 Fri 15 Mar 2024 12:04:11 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:37087 1, antagonism, respectively. Most combination treatments showed to have an antagonistic effect except for cisplatin:BC-7 (1:3, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1) and cisplatin:A. afra (1:3, 1:2, 1:1, 3:1) combinations that showed synergism. The 1:2 ratio of cisplatin:BC-7 and the 2:1 ratio of cisplatin:A. afra were additive. CI values were also calculated at inhibition of 10, 25 and 75% of HeLa cell growth, for each combination mixture. Antagonistic effects were frequently observed at lower effect levels such as at 10 and 25% inhibition of growth. However, this was not seen for the cisplatin:BC-7 combinations as all the ratios indicated synergism. Some of these ratios, such as the 1:3 and 1:2, even led to a greater degree of synergism being obtained, with noticeable antagonistic effects seen at 50 and 75% inhibition of growth. The current finding is that BC-7 and A. afra could lower the dose of cisplatin in combination to achieve a similar anti-cancer efficacy compared to the higher cisplatin dose when used alone. The lower dosage in combination could result in reduced drug resistance as well as limit the toxicity on normal cells associated with cisplatin treatment. In conclusion, this study shows, for the first time, that A. nemorosa has the potential to induce apoptosis and also has some anti- and pro-inflammatory activity in HeLa cancer cells. This study also enhanced the knowledge of the mechanism of apoptosis induction of BC-7, in a more detailed manner, as well as investigated its inflammatory effects for the first time. Results obtained for A. afra correlated nicely to previously reported studies and confirmed that the methods used in this study, although different, leads to the same conclusions. Combination treatments also indicated, for the first time, that BC-7 and A. afra have the ability to function in a synergic manner with cisplatin and proves that, although extensive research may have been done on a plant or compound, more can be discovered. This new information can lead to identification of new compounds in the plants and the integration of signalling pathways that can be targeted for treatment of cancer.]]> Fri 15 Mar 2024 11:56:53 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:37837 Fri 15 Mar 2024 09:30:02 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:33371 Fri 15 Mar 2024 09:15:47 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28280 Fri 15 Mar 2024 08:55:07 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62455 Fri 10 Mar 2023 16:23:15 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62450 Fri 10 Mar 2023 15:47:40 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62429 Fri 10 Mar 2023 11:31:22 SAST ]]>